{"id":65989,"date":"2026-01-26T01:56:44","date_gmt":"2026-01-25T17:56:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/65989.html"},"modified":"2026-01-26T01:56:44","modified_gmt":"2026-01-25T17:56:44","slug":"%e4%bb%8e%e5%8e%9f%e7%90%86%e5%88%b0%e6%80%a7%e8%83%bd%e4%bc%98%e5%8c%96%e6%b7%b1%e5%ba%a6%e5%88%86%e6%9e%90mysql%e7%9a%84order-by%e5%a4%84%e7%90%86","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/65989.html","title":{"rendered":"\u4ece\u539f\u7406\u5230\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u6df1\u5ea6\u5206\u6790MySQL\u7684order by\u5904\u7406"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>MySQL ORDER BY \u6df1\u5ea6\u89e3\u6790&#xff1a;\u539f\u7406\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u573a\u666f\u4e0e\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728 MySQL \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e2d&#xff0c;ORDER BY\u662f\u5b9e\u73b0\u6570\u636e\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u5173\u952e\u5b57&#xff0c;\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u4e1a\u52a1\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5c55\u793a\u3001\u7edf\u8ba1\u3001\u7b5b\u9009\u7b49\u573a\u666f&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u662f\u540e\u7aef\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d\u9ad8\u9891\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u4f46\u5728\u6d77\u91cf\u6570\u636e\u573a\u666f\u4e0b&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u5408\u7406\u7684ORDER BY\u4f7f\u7528\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u5168\u8868\u626b\u63cf\u3001\u4e34\u65f6\u8868\u521b\u5efa\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u6392\u5e8f\u7b49\u6027\u80fd\u95ee\u9898&#xff0c;\u751a\u81f3\u5f15\u53d1\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u67e5\u8be2\u8d85\u65f6\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u4eceORDER BY\u7684\u5e95\u5c42\u5b9e\u73b0\u539f\u7406\u51fa\u53d1&#xff0c;\u5206\u6790\u5176\u6838\u5fc3\u4f7f\u7528\u573a\u666f&#xff0c;\u68b3\u7406\u5e38\u89c1\u6027\u80fd\u95ee\u9898&#xff0c;\u5e76\u7ed3\u5408\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u7ed9\u51fa\u9488\u5bf9\u6027\u7684\u4f18\u5316\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u548c\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5&#xff0c;\u5e2e\u52a9\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u9ad8\u6548\u3001\u89c4\u8303\u5730\u4f7f\u7528ORDER BY\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u4e00\u3001MySQL ORDER BY \u5e95\u5c42\u5b9e\u73b0\u539f\u7406<\/h3>\n<p>MySQL \u5bf9ORDER BY\u7684\u5904\u7406\u4e3b\u8981\u5206\u4e3a\u7d22\u5f15\u6392\u5e8f\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u6392\u5e8f\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f&#xff0c;\u4e8c\u8005\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u5dee\u5f02\u5de8\u5927&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u662f\u4f18\u5316ORDER BY\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u5207\u5165\u70b9\u3002\u5e95\u5c42\u5904\u7406\u903b\u8f91\u7531 MySQL \u4f18\u5316\u5668\u6839\u636e\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u3001\u7d22\u5f15\u60c5\u51b5\u3001\u6392\u5e8f\u5b57\u6bb5\u7b49\u56e0\u7d20\u81ea\u52a8\u9009\u62e9&#xff0c;\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u4f18\u5316\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u8ba9 MySQL \u4f18\u5148\u4f7f\u7528\u7d22\u5f15\u6392\u5e8f&#xff0c;\u907f\u514d\u6587\u4ef6\u6392\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>1. \u7d22\u5f15\u6392\u5e8f&#xff08;Index Sort&#xff09;&#xff1a;\u6700\u4f18\u6392\u5e8f\u65b9\u5f0f<\/h4>\n<p>\u6838\u5fc3\u539f\u7406&#xff1a;\u5229\u7528\u7d22\u5f15\u7684\u6709\u5e8f\u6027\u5b9e\u73b0\u6570\u636e\u6392\u5e8f&#xff0c;\u7d22\u5f15\u672c\u8eab\u662f\u6309\u7167\u7d22\u5f15\u5b57\u6bb5\u5347\u5e8f \/ \u964d\u5e8f\u5b58\u50a8\u7684&#xff0c;\u5f53\u67e5\u8be2\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e0e\u7d22\u5f15\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e00\u81f4\u65f6&#xff0c;MySQL \u53ef\u76f4\u63a5\u901a\u8fc7\u904d\u5386\u7d22\u5f15\u83b7\u53d6\u6709\u5e8f\u6570\u636e&#xff0c;\u65e0\u9700\u989d\u5916\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u5904\u7406\u6d41\u7a0b&#xff1a;\u67e5\u8be2\u65f6\u5148\u901a\u8fc7\u7d22\u5f15\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5230\u7b26\u5408\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u6570\u636e&#xff0c;\u518d\u76f4\u63a5\u6309\u7d22\u5f15\u7684\u6709\u5e8f\u6027\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed3\u679c&#xff0c;\u5168\u7a0b\u65e0\u4e34\u65f6\u8868\u521b\u5efa\u3001\u65e0\u6570\u636e\u989d\u5916\u6392\u5e8f\u3002\u6027\u80fd\u7279\u70b9&#xff1a;\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 O (logN)&#xff0c;\u65e0\u9700\u989d\u5916\u7684 CPU \u548c\u5185\u5b58\u5f00\u9500&#xff0c;\u67e5\u8be2\u6548\u7387\u6781\u9ad8&#xff0c;\u662fORDER BY\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u9002\u7528\u6761\u4ef6&#xff1a;\u6392\u5e8f\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e3a\u7d22\u5f15\u7684\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206&#xff0c;\u4e14\u67e5\u8be2\u8bed\u53e5\u7b26\u5408\u7d22\u5f15\u6700\u5de6\u5339\u914d\u539f\u5219\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>2. \u6587\u4ef6\u6392\u5e8f&#xff08;File Sort&#xff09;&#xff1a;\u6027\u80fd\u74f6\u9888\u6240\u5728<\/h4>\n<p>\u6838\u5fc3\u539f\u7406&#xff1a;\u5f53\u65e0\u6cd5\u4f7f\u7528\u7d22\u5f15\u6392\u5e8f\u65f6&#xff0c;MySQL \u4f1a\u5148\u5c06\u7b26\u5408\u67e5\u8be2\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u6570\u636e\u8bfb\u53d6\u5230\u4e34\u65f6\u8868&#xff08;\u5185\u5b58\u4e34\u65f6\u8868\u6216\u78c1\u76d8\u4e34\u65f6\u8868&#xff09;\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u7136\u540e\u5728\u4e34\u65f6\u8868\u4e2d\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f&#xff0c;\u6700\u540e\u8fd4\u56de\u6392\u5e8f\u540e\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u5904\u7406\u6d41\u7a0b&#xff1a;\u7b5b\u9009\u6570\u636e \u2192 \u521b\u5efa\u4e34\u65f6\u8868\u5b58\u50a8\u6570\u636e \u2192 \u5bf9\u4e34\u65f6\u8868\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f \u2192 \u8fd4\u56de\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u82e5\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u8d85\u8fc7\u5185\u5b58\u4e34\u65f6\u8868\u9608\u503c&#xff0c;\u4f1a\u5c06\u4e34\u65f6\u8868\u5237\u5230\u78c1\u76d8&#xff0c;\u5f62\u6210\u78c1\u76d8\u6587\u4ef6\u6392\u5e8f&#xff0c;\u6027\u80fd\u4f1a\u6025\u5267\u4e0b\u964d\u3002\u6027\u80fd\u7279\u70b9&#xff1a;\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 O (NlogN)&#xff0c;\u9700\u8981\u6d88\u8017\u5927\u91cf\u7684 CPU&#xff08;\u6392\u5e8f&#xff09;\u3001\u5185\u5b58 \/ \u78c1\u76d8&#xff08;\u5b58\u50a8\u4e34\u65f6\u8868&#xff09;\u8d44\u6e90&#xff0c;\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u8d8a\u5927&#xff0c;\u6027\u80fd\u8d8a\u5dee\u3002\u89e6\u53d1\u573a\u666f&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u6392\u5e8f\u5b57\u6bb5\u672a\u5efa\u7acb\u7d22\u5f15&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<li>\u6392\u5e8f\u5b57\u6bb5\u867d\u6709\u7d22\u5f15&#xff0c;\u4f46\u67e5\u8be2\u8bed\u53e5\u8fdd\u53cd\u7d22\u5f15\u6700\u5de6\u5339\u914d\u539f\u5219&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<li>\u6392\u5e8f\u5b57\u6bb5\u5305\u542b\u51fd\u6570\u3001\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u64cd\u4f5c&#xff08;\u5982ORDER BY SUBSTR(name,1,2)&#xff09;&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<li>SELECT\u67e5\u8be2\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u5305\u542b\u975e\u7d22\u5f15\u5b57\u6bb5&#xff0c;\u4e14\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u8d85\u8fc7\u7d22\u5f15\u8986\u76d6\u8303\u56f4\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>3. \u5173\u952e\u5e95\u5c42\u53c2\u6570<\/h4>\n<p>MySQL \u5bf9\u6587\u4ef6\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u4e34\u65f6\u8868\u7ba1\u7406\u6709\u6838\u5fc3\u53c2\u6570\u63a7\u5236&#xff0c;\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7\u8c03\u6574\u53c2\u6570\u4f18\u5316\u6587\u4ef6\u6392\u5e8f\u6027\u80fd&#xff08;\u4ec5\u4e3a\u5e94\u6025\u65b9\u6848&#xff0c;\u6838\u5fc3\u4ecd\u9700\u4f18\u5316\u4e3a\u7d22\u5f15\u6392\u5e8f&#xff09;&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p># \u5185\u5b58\u4e34\u65f6\u8868\u7684\u6700\u5927\u5927\u5c0f&#xff0c;\u9ed8\u8ba416M&#xff0c;\u8d85\u8fc7\u5219\u8f6c\u4e3a\u78c1\u76d8\u4e34\u65f6\u8868<br \/>\ntmp_table_size &#061; 64M<br \/>\n# \u5185\u90e8\u4e34\u65f6\u8868\u7684\u6700\u5927\u5927\u5c0f&#xff0c;\u4e0etmp_table_size\u53d6\u6700\u5c0f\u503c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5185\u5b58\u4e34\u65f6\u8868\u9608\u503c<br \/>\nmax_heap_table_size &#061; 64M<br \/>\n# \u6587\u4ef6\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u5927\u5c0f&#xff0c;\u9ed8\u8ba4256K&#xff0c;\u589e\u5927\u53ef\u63d0\u5347\u6587\u4ef6\u6392\u5e8f\u6548\u7387<br \/>\nsort_buffer_size &#061; 1M<\/p>\n<p>\u6ce8\u610f&#xff1a;\u4ee5\u4e0a\u53c2\u6570\u4e0d\u53ef\u65e0\u9650\u5236\u589e\u5927&#xff0c;sort_buffer_size\u4e3a\u4f1a\u8bdd\u7ea7\u53c2\u6570&#xff0c;\u8fc7\u5927\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u6ee1\u65f6\u5185\u5b58\u6ea2\u51fa\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u4e8c\u3001ORDER BY \u6838\u5fc3\u4f7f\u7528\u573a\u666f<\/h3>\n<p>ORDER BY\u662f\u4e1a\u52a1\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d\u4e0d\u53ef\u6216\u7f3a\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5&#xff0c;\u51e0\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u9700\u8981\u6309\u6307\u5b9a\u89c4\u5219\u5c55\u793a\u6570\u636e\u7684\u573a\u666f\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u7528\u5230&#xff0c;\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u540e\u7aef\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d\u6700\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u573a\u666f&#xff0c;\u8986\u76d6\u5e38\u89c4\u4e1a\u52a1\u3001\u7edf\u8ba1\u5206\u6790\u3001\u5206\u9875\u67e5\u8be2\u7b49\u9ad8\u9891\u573a\u666f&#xff0c;\u540c\u65f6\u6807\u6ce8\u5404\u573a\u666f\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u75db\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>\u573a\u666f 1&#xff1a;\u57fa\u7840\u4e1a\u52a1\u6570\u636e\u5c55\u793a<\/h4>\n<p>\u573a\u666f\u63cf\u8ff0&#xff1a;\u7528\u6237\u7aef\u5c55\u793a\u5217\u8868\u6570\u636e\u65f6&#xff0c;\u6309\u56fa\u5b9a\u5b57\u6bb5\u6392\u5e8f&#xff0c;\u5982\u5546\u54c1\u5217\u8868\u6309\u4ef7\u683c\u5347\u5e8f \/ \u964d\u5e8f\u3001\u8ba2\u5355\u5217\u8868\u6309\u521b\u5efa\u65f6\u95f4\u964d\u5e8f\u3001\u7528\u6237\u5217\u8868\u6309\u6ce8\u518c\u65f6\u95f4\u5347\u5e8f\u7b49\u3002\u5178\u578b SQL&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">&#8212; \u8ba2\u5355\u5217\u8868\u6309\u521b\u5efa\u65f6\u95f4\u964d\u5e8f&#xff08;\u6700\u65b0\u8ba2\u5355\u5728\u524d&#xff09;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">SELECT<\/span> id<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> order_no<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> amount<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> create_time <span class=\"token keyword\">FROM<\/span> t_order <span class=\"token keyword\">WHERE<\/span> user_id <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">1001<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">ORDER<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">BY<\/span> create_time <span class=\"token keyword\">DESC<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token comment\">&#8212; \u5546\u54c1\u5217\u8868\u6309\u4ef7\u683c\u5347\u5e8f&#xff08;\u4f4e\u4ef7\u5546\u54c1\u5728\u524d&#xff09;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">SELECT<\/span> id<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> goods_name<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> price<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> stock <span class=\"token keyword\">FROM<\/span> t_goods <span class=\"token keyword\">WHERE<\/span> category_id <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">201<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">ORDER<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">BY<\/span> price <span class=\"token keyword\">ASC<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u6838\u5fc3\u75db\u70b9&#xff1a;\u672a\u5bf9\u6392\u5e8f\u5b57\u6bb5\u5efa\u7acb\u7d22\u5f15&#xff0c;\u5bfc\u81f4\u6d77\u91cf\u6570\u636e\u4e0b\u6587\u4ef6\u6392\u5e8f&#xff0c;\u67e5\u8be2\u8017\u65f6\u8fc7\u957f\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>\u573a\u666f 2&#xff1a;\u591a\u5b57\u6bb5\u7ec4\u5408\u6392\u5e8f<\/h4>\n<p>\u573a\u666f\u63cf\u8ff0&#xff1a;\u9700\u6309\u591a\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u7684\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f&#xff0c;\u5982\u5546\u54c1\u5217\u8868\u5148\u6309\u9500\u91cf\u964d\u5e8f&#xff0c;\u9500\u91cf\u76f8\u540c\u65f6\u6309\u4ef7\u683c\u5347\u5e8f&#xff1b;\u8003\u8bd5\u6210\u7ee9\u5148\u6309\u603b\u5206\u964d\u5e8f&#xff0c;\u603b\u5206\u76f8\u540c\u65f6\u6309\u8bed\u6587\u6210\u7ee9\u964d\u5e8f\u3002\u5178\u578b SQL&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">&#8212; \u5546\u54c1\u6309\u9500\u91cf\u964d\u5e8f&#xff0c;\u9500\u91cf\u76f8\u540c\u6309\u4ef7\u683c\u5347\u5e8f<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">SELECT<\/span> id<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> goods_name<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> sales<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> price <span class=\"token keyword\">FROM<\/span> t_goods <span class=\"token keyword\">WHERE<\/span> category_id <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">201<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">ORDER<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">BY<\/span> sales <span class=\"token keyword\">DESC<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> price <span class=\"token keyword\">ASC<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token comment\">&#8212; \u6210\u7ee9\u6309\u603b\u5206\u964d\u5e8f&#xff0c;\u603b\u5206\u76f8\u540c\u6309\u8bed\u6587\u5347\u5e8f<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">SELECT<\/span> id<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> name<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> total<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> chinese <span class=\"token keyword\">FROM<\/span> t_score <span class=\"token keyword\">WHERE<\/span> exam_id <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">501<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">ORDER<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">BY<\/span> total <span class=\"token keyword\">DESC<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> chinese <span class=\"token keyword\">ASC<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u6838\u5fc3\u75db\u70b9&#xff1a;\u672a\u5efa\u7acb\u591a\u5b57\u6bb5\u7ec4\u5408\u7d22\u5f15&#xff0c;\u6216\u7ec4\u5408\u7d22\u5f15\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u987a\u5e8f\u4e0e\u6392\u5e8f\u5b57\u6bb5\u987a\u5e8f\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4&#xff0c;\u5bfc\u81f4\u65e0\u6cd5\u4f7f\u7528\u7d22\u5f15\u6392\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>\u573a\u666f 3&#xff1a;\u5e26\u7b5b\u9009\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u5206\u9875\u6392\u5e8f\u67e5\u8be2<\/h4>\n<p>\u573a\u666f\u63cf\u8ff0&#xff1a;\u7ed3\u5408WHERE\u7b5b\u9009\u548cLIMIT\u5206\u9875\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u67e5\u8be2&#xff0c;\u662f\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u6700\u9ad8\u9891\u4e5f\u6700\u6613\u51fa\u6027\u80fd\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u573a\u666f&#xff0c;\u5982\u5206\u9875\u67e5\u8be2\u67d0\u7528\u6237\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u8ba2\u5355&#xff08;\u6309\u521b\u5efa\u65f6\u95f4\u964d\u5e8f&#xff09;\u3001\u5206\u9875\u67e5\u8be2\u67d0\u5206\u7c7b\u4e0b\u7684\u5546\u54c1&#xff08;\u6309\u9500\u91cf\u964d\u5e8f&#xff09;\u3002\u5178\u578b SQL&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">&#8212; \u5206\u9875\u67e5\u8be2\u7528\u62371001\u7684\u8ba2\u5355&#xff0c;\u6309\u521b\u5efa\u65f6\u95f4\u964d\u5e8f&#xff0c;\u6bcf\u987520\u6761&#xff0c;\u67e5\u7b2c100\u9875<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">SELECT<\/span> id<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> order_no<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> amount<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> create_time <span class=\"token keyword\">FROM<\/span> t_order <span class=\"token keyword\">WHERE<\/span> user_id <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">1001<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">ORDER<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">BY<\/span> create_time <span class=\"token keyword\">DESC<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">LIMIT<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">1980<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">20<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u6838\u5fc3\u75db\u70b9&#xff1a;\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u5de8\u5927\u65f6&#xff0c;LIMIT \u504f\u79fb\u91cf, \u884c\u6570\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4 MySQL \u626b\u63cf\u5927\u91cf\u65e0\u5173\u6570\u636e&#xff0c;\u4e14\u82e5\u672a\u5efa\u7acb\u590d\u5408\u7d22\u5f15&#xff0c;\u4f1a\u89e6\u53d1\u6587\u4ef6\u6392\u5e8f&#xff0c;\u53cc\u91cd\u53e0\u52a0\u5bfc\u81f4\u67e5\u8be2\u8d85\u65f6\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>\u573a\u666f 4&#xff1a;\u6392\u5e8f\u5b57\u6bb5\u5305\u542b\u51fd\u6570 \/ \u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f<\/h4>\n<p>\u573a\u666f\u63cf\u8ff0&#xff1a;\u5bf9\u51fd\u6570 \/ \u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u5904\u7406\u540e\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f&#xff0c;\u5982\u6309\u7528\u6237\u540d\u7684\u9996\u5b57\u6bcd\u6392\u5e8f\u3001\u6309\u8ba2\u5355\u521b\u5efa\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u65e5\u671f\u6392\u5e8f\u3001\u6309\u6570\u503c\u5b57\u6bb5\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u7ed3\u679c\u6392\u5e8f\u3002\u5178\u578b SQL&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">&#8212; \u6309\u7528\u6237\u540d\u9996\u5b57\u6bcd\u5347\u5e8f\u6392\u5e8f<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">SELECT<\/span> id<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> name<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> age <span class=\"token keyword\">FROM<\/span> t_user <span class=\"token keyword\">WHERE<\/span> dept_id <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">301<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">ORDER<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">BY<\/span> SUBSTR<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>name<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">1<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">1<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">ASC<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token comment\">&#8212; \u6309\u8ba2\u5355\u521b\u5efa\u65e5\u671f\u964d\u5e8f\u6392\u5e8f&#xff08;\u5ffd\u7565\u65f6\u5206\u79d2&#xff09;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">SELECT<\/span> id<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> order_no<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> create_time <span class=\"token keyword\">FROM<\/span> t_order <span class=\"token keyword\">WHERE<\/span> amount <span class=\"token operator\">&gt;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">100<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">ORDER<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">BY<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">DATE<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>create_time<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">DESC<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token comment\">&#8212; \u6309\u5546\u54c1\u6298\u6263\u540e\u4ef7\u683c\u5347\u5e8f\u6392\u5e8f<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">SELECT<\/span> id<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> goods_name<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> price<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> discount <span class=\"token keyword\">FROM<\/span> t_goods <span class=\"token keyword\">ORDER<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">BY<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>price <span class=\"token operator\">*<\/span> discount<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">ASC<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u6838\u5fc3\u75db\u70b9&#xff1a;\u6392\u5e8f\u5b57\u6bb5\u7ecf\u8fc7\u51fd\u6570 \/ \u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u5904\u7406\u540e&#xff0c;MySQL \u65e0\u6cd5\u4f7f\u7528\u8be5\u5b57\u6bb5\u7684\u7d22\u5f15&#xff0c;\u5fc5\u7136\u89e6\u53d1\u6587\u4ef6\u6392\u5e8f&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u662fORDER BY\u4f18\u5316\u7684\u5e38\u89c1\u8bef\u533a\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>\u573a\u666f 5&#xff1a;\u8054\u5408\u67e5\u8be2\u540e\u7684\u6392\u5e8f<\/h4>\n<p>\u573a\u666f\u63cf\u8ff0&#xff1a;\u901a\u8fc7JOIN\u8fdb\u884c\u591a\u8868\u8054\u5408\u67e5\u8be2\u540e&#xff0c;\u5bf9\u5173\u8054\u5b57\u6bb5\u6216\u5355\u8868\u5b57\u6bb5\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f&#xff0c;\u5982\u67e5\u8be2\u7528\u6237\u8ba2\u5355\u4fe1\u606f\u5e76\u6309\u8ba2\u5355\u521b\u5efa\u65f6\u95f4\u964d\u5e8f\u3001\u67e5\u8be2\u5546\u54c1\u53ca\u5206\u7c7b\u4fe1\u606f\u5e76\u6309\u5546\u54c1\u9500\u91cf\u964d\u5e8f\u3002\u5178\u578b SQL&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">&#8212; \u591a\u8868\u8054\u5408\u67e5\u8be2&#xff0c;\u6309\u8ba2\u5355\u521b\u5efa\u65f6\u95f4\u964d\u5e8f<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">SELECT<\/span> u<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>id<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> u<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>name<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> o<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>order_no<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> o<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>amount<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> o<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>create_time<br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">FROM<\/span> t_user u<br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">JOIN<\/span> t_order o <span class=\"token keyword\">ON<\/span> u<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>id <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> o<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>user_id<br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">WHERE<\/span> u<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>dept_id <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">301<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">ORDER<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">BY<\/span> o<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>create_time <span class=\"token keyword\">DESC<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u6838\u5fc3\u75db\u70b9&#xff1a;\u5173\u8054\u67e5\u8be2\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u5b57\u6bb5\u672a\u5efa\u7acb\u7d22\u5f15&#xff0c;\u6216\u8054\u5408\u67e5\u8be2\u8fd4\u56de\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u8fc7\u5927&#xff0c;\u5bfc\u81f4\u6587\u4ef6\u6392\u5e8f\u6027\u80fd\u4f4e\u4e0b\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u4e09\u3001ORDER BY \u5e38\u89c1\u6027\u80fd\u95ee\u9898\u4e0e\u6839\u56e0\u5206\u6790<\/h3>\n<p>\u5728\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4e2d&#xff0c;ORDER BY\u5f15\u53d1\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u6027\u80fd\u95ee\u9898\u5360\u6bd4\u6781\u9ad8&#xff0c;\u591a\u6570\u95ee\u9898\u5e76\u975eORDER BY\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u95ee\u9898&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u7d22\u5f15\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e0d\u5408\u7406\u3001\u67e5\u8be2\u8bed\u53e5\u4e0d\u89c4\u8303\u5bfc\u81f4 MySQL \u65e0\u6cd5\u9009\u62e9\u6700\u4f18\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u68b3\u7406\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684 4 \u7c7b\u6027\u80fd\u95ee\u9898&#xff0c;\u5e76\u5206\u6790\u5176\u6839\u672c\u539f\u56e0\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>\u95ee\u9898 1&#xff1a;\u672a\u5efa\u7acb\u6392\u5e8f\u5b57\u6bb5\u7d22\u5f15&#xff0c;\u89e6\u53d1\u5168\u8868\u626b\u63cf &#043; \u6587\u4ef6\u6392\u5e8f<\/h4>\n<p>\u73b0\u8c61&#xff1a;\u6267\u884cEXPLAIN\u5206\u6790\u67e5\u8be2\u8bed\u53e5&#xff0c;type\u5217\u663e\u793aALL&#xff08;\u5168\u8868\u626b\u63cf&#xff09;&#xff0c;Extra\u5217\u663e\u793aUsing filesort&#xff08;\u6587\u4ef6\u6392\u5e8f&#xff09;\u3002\u6839\u56e0&#xff1a;\u6392\u5e8f\u5b57\u6bb5\u672a\u521b\u5efa\u7d22\u5f15&#xff0c;MySQL \u9700\u8981\u626b\u63cf\u5168\u8868\u83b7\u53d6\u7b26\u5408\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u6570\u636e&#xff0c;\u518d\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u5199\u5165\u4e34\u65f6\u8868\u8fdb\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u6392\u5e8f&#xff0c;\u6d77\u91cf\u6570\u636e\u4e0b\u6027\u80fd\u6781\u5dee\u3002\u793a\u4f8b&#xff1a;SELECT * FROM t_order ORDER BY create_time DESC;&#xff0c;create_time\u5b57\u6bb5\u65e0\u7d22\u5f15\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>\u95ee\u9898 2&#xff1a;\u8fdd\u53cd\u7d22\u5f15\u6700\u5de6\u5339\u914d\u539f\u5219&#xff0c;\u65e0\u6cd5\u4f7f\u7528\u7d22\u5f15\u6392\u5e8f<\/h4>\n<p>\u73b0\u8c61&#xff1a;\u6392\u5e8f\u5b57\u6bb5\u867d\u6709\u7d22\u5f15&#xff0c;\u4f46\u6267\u884cEXPLAIN\u5206\u6790&#xff0c;Extra\u5217\u4ecd\u663e\u793aUsing filesort\u3002\u6839\u56e0&#xff1a;\u7d22\u5f15\u7684\u6700\u5de6\u5339\u914d\u539f\u5219\u4e0d\u4ec5\u9002\u7528\u4e8eWHERE\u7b5b\u9009&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u9002\u7528\u4e8eORDER BY\u6392\u5e8f\u3002\u82e5\u7d22\u5f15\u4e3a(a, b, c)&#xff0c;\u5219\u4ec5\u80fd\u652f\u6301ORDER BY a\u3001ORDER BY a ASC, b ASC\u3001ORDER BY a DESC, b DESC\u7b49\u6392\u5e8f\u65b9\u5f0f&#xff0c;\u8df3\u8fc7a\u76f4\u63a5\u6392\u5e8fb\/c&#xff0c;\u6216\u6392\u5e8f\u5b57\u6bb5\u7684\u5347\u964d\u5e8f\u4e0e\u7d22\u5f15\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4&#xff0c;\u5747\u65e0\u6cd5\u4f7f\u7528\u7d22\u5f15\u3002\u793a\u4f8b&#xff1a;\u7d22\u5f15\u4e3a(category_id, price)&#xff0c;\u67e5\u8be2SELECT * FROM t_goods WHERE category_id&#061;201 ORDER BY sales DESC;&#xff0c;\u6392\u5e8f\u5b57\u6bb5sales\u975e\u7d22\u5f15\u5b57\u6bb5&#xff0c;\u8fdd\u53cd\u6700\u5de6\u5339\u914d\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>\u95ee\u9898 3&#xff1a;\u6392\u5e8f\u5b57\u6bb5\u542b\u51fd\u6570 \/ \u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f&#xff0c;\u7d22\u5f15\u5931\u6548\u89e6\u53d1\u6587\u4ef6\u6392\u5e8f<\/h4>\n<p>\u73b0\u8c61&#xff1a;\u5bf9\u7d22\u5f15\u5b57\u6bb5\u8fdb\u884c\u51fd\u6570 \/ \u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u64cd\u4f5c\u540e\u6392\u5e8f&#xff0c;\u6267\u884cEXPLAIN\u5206\u6790&#xff0c;Extra\u5217\u663e\u793aUsing filesort\u3002\u6839\u56e0&#xff1a;MySQL \u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u5b57\u6bb5\u539f\u59cb\u503c\u5efa\u7acb\u7684&#xff0c;\u5f53\u5b57\u6bb5\u7ecf\u8fc7\u51fd\u6570 \/ \u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u5904\u7406\u540e&#xff0c;\u5176\u503c\u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u5316&#xff0c;\u7d22\u5f15\u65e0\u6cd5\u5339\u914d&#xff0c;\u4f18\u5316\u5668\u53ea\u80fd\u9009\u62e9\u6587\u4ef6\u6392\u5e8f\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u6700\u5bb9\u6613\u72af\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u4e4b\u4e00&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u662f\u6700\u5bb9\u6613\u88ab\u5ffd\u89c6\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u70b9\u3002\u793a\u4f8b&#xff1a;create_time\u4e3a\u7d22\u5f15\u5b57\u6bb5&#xff0c;\u67e5\u8be2SELECT * FROM t_order ORDER BY DATE(create_time) DESC;&#xff0c;\u4f7f\u7528DATE()\u51fd\u6570\u540e\u7d22\u5f15\u5931\u6548\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>\u95ee\u9898 4&#xff1a;\u6d77\u91cf\u6570\u636e\u5206\u9875\u6392\u5e8f&#xff0c;LIMIT \u504f\u79fb\u91cf\u8fc7\u5927\u5bfc\u81f4\u6027\u80fd\u66b4\u8dcc<\/h4>\n<p>\u73b0\u8c61&#xff1a;\u5206\u9875\u67e5\u8be2\u7684\u524d\u51e0\u9875\u901f\u5ea6\u6b63\u5e38&#xff0c;\u5f53\u504f\u79fb\u91cf\u8fbe\u5230\u6570\u4e07 \/ \u6570\u5341\u4e07\u540e&#xff0c;\u67e5\u8be2\u8017\u65f6\u6025\u5267\u589e\u52a0&#xff0c;\u751a\u81f3\u8d85\u65f6\u3002\u6839\u56e0&#xff1a;MySQL \u7684LIMIT m, n\u8bed\u6cd5\u4f1a\u5148\u626b\u63cfm&#043;n\u6761\u6570\u636e&#xff0c;\u7136\u540e\u4e22\u5f03\u524d m \u6761&#xff0c;\u8fd4\u56de\u540e n \u6761\u3002\u5f53 m \u503c\u8fc7\u5927\u65f6&#xff0c;\u9700\u8981\u626b\u63cf\u6d77\u91cf\u65e0\u5173\u6570\u636e&#xff0c;\u4e14\u82e5\u4f34\u968f\u6587\u4ef6\u6392\u5e8f&#xff0c;\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4 CPU \u548c IO \u8d44\u6e90\u88ab\u5927\u91cf\u5360\u7528&#xff0c;\u6027\u80fd\u5448\u6307\u6570\u7ea7\u4e0b\u964d\u3002\u793a\u4f8b&#xff1a;SELECT * FROM t_order WHERE user_id&#061;1001 ORDER BY create_time DESC LIMIT 100000, 20;&#xff0c;\u9700\u8981\u626b\u63cf 100020 \u6761\u6570\u636e\u540e\u4ec5\u8fd4\u56de 20 \u6761\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u56db\u3001ORDER BY \u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848<\/h3>\n<p>\u9488\u5bf9\u4e0a\u8ff0ORDER BY\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u573a\u666f\u548c\u5e38\u89c1\u6027\u80fd\u95ee\u9898&#xff0c;\u672c\u6587\u7ed9\u51fa\u5206\u573a\u666f\u3001\u53ef\u843d\u5730\u3001\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u9a8c\u8bc1\u8fc7\u7684\u4f18\u5316\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848&#xff0c;\u6240\u6709\u65b9\u6848\u5747\u9075\u5faa \u201c\u4f18\u5148\u7d22\u5f15\u6392\u5e8f&#xff0c;\u907f\u514d\u6587\u4ef6\u6392\u5e8f&#xff1b;\u4f18\u5148\u51cf\u5c11\u6570\u636e\u626b\u63cf&#xff0c;\u907f\u514d\u6d77\u91cf\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u201d \u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u539f\u5219&#xff0c;\u540c\u65f6\u914d\u5957EXPLAIN\u5206\u6790\u9a8c\u8bc1\u65b9\u6cd5&#xff0c;\u786e\u4fdd\u4f18\u5316\u6548\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>\u901a\u7528\u4f18\u5316\u539f\u5219&#xff1a;\u5148\u8ba9 MySQL \u4f7f\u7528\u7d22\u5f15\u6392\u5e8f<\/h4>\n<p>\u6240\u6709ORDER BY\u4f18\u5316\u7684\u9996\u8981\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u8ba9 MySQL \u8d70\u7d22\u5f15\u6392\u5e8f&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u662f\u89e3\u51b3\u6027\u80fd\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u6839\u672c\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5b9e\u73b0\u7d22\u5f15\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u662f\u5408\u7406\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7d22\u5f15&#xff0c;\u5e76\u8ba9\u67e5\u8be2\u8bed\u53e5\u7b26\u5408\u7d22\u5f15\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u89c4\u5219\u3002<\/p>\n<h5>1. \u5355\u5b57\u6bb5\u6392\u5e8f&#xff1a;\u4e3a\u6392\u5e8f\u5b57\u6bb5\u5efa\u7acb\u5355\u5217\u7d22\u5f15<\/h5>\n<p>\u9002\u7528\u573a\u666f&#xff1a;\u573a\u666f 1&#xff08;\u57fa\u7840\u4e1a\u52a1\u6570\u636e\u5c55\u793a&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u4ec5\u5bf9\u5355\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\u3002\u4f18\u5316\u65b9\u6848&#xff1a;\u76f4\u63a5\u4e3a\u6392\u5e8f\u5b57\u6bb5\u5efa\u7acb\u5355\u5217\u7d22\u5f15&#xff0c;\u82e5\u6709WHERE\u7b5b\u9009\u6761\u4ef6&#xff0c;\u9700\u5efa\u7acb\u590d\u5408\u7d22\u5f15&#xff08;\u7b5b\u9009\u5b57\u6bb5 &#043; \u6392\u5e8f\u5b57\u6bb5&#xff09; &#xff0c;\u9075\u5faa\u6700\u5de6\u5339\u914d\u539f\u5219\u3002\u793a\u4f8b&#xff1a;\u539f\u67e5\u8be2&#xff08;\u65e0\u7d22\u5f15&#xff0c;\u89e6\u53d1\u6587\u4ef6\u6392\u5e8f&#xff09;&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">SELECT<\/span> id<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> order_no<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> amount <span class=\"token keyword\">FROM<\/span> t_order <span class=\"token keyword\">WHERE<\/span> user_id <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">1001<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">ORDER<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">BY<\/span> create_time <span class=\"token keyword\">DESC<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u4f18\u5316\u65b9\u6848&#xff1a;\u5efa\u7acb\u590d\u5408\u7d22\u5f15idx_user_create (user_id, create_time)&#xff0c;WHERE\u7b5b\u9009\u5b57\u6bb5\u5728\u524d&#xff0c;\u6392\u5e8f\u5b57\u6bb5\u5728\u540e\u3002\u9a8c\u8bc1&#xff1a;\u6267\u884cEXPLAIN&#xff0c;type\u5217\u663e\u793aref&#xff0c;Extra\u5217\u65e0 Using filesort&#xff0c;\u8868\u793a\u4f7f\u7528\u7d22\u5f15\u6392\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n<h5>2. \u591a\u5b57\u6bb5\u7ec4\u5408\u6392\u5e8f&#xff1a;\u5efa\u7acb\u4e0e\u6392\u5e8f\u987a\u5e8f\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u7ec4\u5408\u7d22\u5f15<\/h5>\n<p>\u9002\u7528\u573a\u666f&#xff1a;\u573a\u666f 2&#xff08;\u591a\u5b57\u6bb5\u7ec4\u5408\u6392\u5e8f&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u6309\u591a\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u6392\u5e8f\u3002\u4f18\u5316\u65b9\u6848&#xff1a;\u5efa\u7acb\u7ec4\u5408\u7d22\u5f15&#xff08;\u6392\u5e8f\u5b57\u6bb5 1&#xff0c;\u6392\u5e8f\u5b57\u6bb5 2&#xff0c;\u2026&#xff09; &#xff0c;\u7d22\u5f15\u5b57\u6bb5\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u4e0eORDER BY\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u987a\u5e8f\u5b8c\u5168\u4e00\u81f4&#xff0c;\u4e14\u5347\u964d\u5e8f\u4e5f\u9700\u4e00\u81f4&#xff08;MySQL \u652f\u6301\u7d22\u5f15\u7684\u5347\u5e8f \/ \u964d\u5e8f&#xff0c;8.0 \u7248\u672c\u540e\u53ef\u521b\u5efa\u6df7\u5408\u5347\u964d\u5e8f\u7d22\u5f15&#xff09;\u3002\u82e5\u6709WHERE\u7b5b\u9009\u6761\u4ef6&#xff0c;\u7b5b\u9009\u5b57\u6bb5\u9700\u653e\u5728\u7ec4\u5408\u7d22\u5f15\u7684\u6700\u5de6\u4fa7\u3002\u793a\u4f8b&#xff1a;\u539f\u67e5\u8be2&#xff08;\u65e0\u7ec4\u5408\u7d22\u5f15&#xff0c;\u89e6\u53d1\u6587\u4ef6\u6392\u5e8f&#xff09;&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">SELECT<\/span> id<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> goods_name<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> sales <span class=\"token keyword\">FROM<\/span> t_goods <span class=\"token keyword\">WHERE<\/span> category_id <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">201<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">ORDER<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">BY<\/span> sales <span class=\"token keyword\">DESC<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> price <span class=\"token keyword\">ASC<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u4f18\u5316\u65b9\u6848&#xff1a;\u5efa\u7acb\u590d\u5408\u7d22\u5f15idx_cate_sales_price (category_id, sales, price)&#xff0c;\u7b5b\u9009\u5b57\u6bb5category_id\u5728\u524d&#xff0c;\u6392\u5e8f\u5b57\u6bb5\u6309\u987a\u5e8f\u8ddf\u968f\u3002MySQL8.0 &#043; \u7279\u6027&#xff1a;\u82e5\u9700\u8981sales DESC, price ASC\u7684\u6df7\u5408\u6392\u5e8f&#xff0c;\u53ef\u76f4\u63a5\u521b\u5efa\u7d22\u5f15idx_cate_sales_price (category_id, sales DESC, price ASC)&#xff0c;\u7cbe\u51c6\u5339\u914d\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002<\/p>\n<h5>3. \u907f\u514d\u6392\u5e8f\u5b57\u6bb5\u7684\u51fd\u6570 \/ \u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u64cd\u4f5c&#xff1a;\u4f7f\u7528\u6d3e\u751f\u5217 &#043; \u7d22\u5f15<\/h5>\n<p>\u9002\u7528\u573a\u666f&#xff1a;\u573a\u666f 4&#xff08;\u6392\u5e8f\u5b57\u6bb5\u5305\u542b\u51fd\u6570 \/ \u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u5bf9\u5904\u7406\u540e\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u6392\u5e8f\u3002\u4f18\u5316\u65b9\u6848&#xff1a;\u907f\u514d\u76f4\u63a5\u5bf9\u7d22\u5f15\u5b57\u6bb5\u8fdb\u884c\u51fd\u6570 \/ \u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u64cd\u4f5c&#xff0c;\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u89e3\u51b3&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u65b9\u5f0f 1&#xff1a;\u65b0\u589e\u6d3e\u751f\u5217&#xff0c;\u5b58\u50a8\u51fd\u6570 \/ \u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u7ed3\u679c&#xff0c;\u4e3a\u6d3e\u751f\u5217\u5efa\u7acb\u7d22\u5f15&#xff0c;\u6392\u5e8f\u65f6\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528\u6d3e\u751f\u5217&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<li>\u65b9\u5f0f 2&#xff1a;\u8c03\u6574\u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91&#xff0c;\u76f4\u63a5\u57fa\u4e8e\u539f\u59cb\u5b57\u6bb5\u6392\u5e8f&#xff0c;\u5728\u4e1a\u52a1\u5c42\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u3002\u793a\u4f8b&#xff1a;\u539f\u67e5\u8be2&#xff08;\u51fd\u6570\u64cd\u4f5c\u5bfc\u81f4\u7d22\u5f15\u5931\u6548&#xff09;&#xff1a;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">SELECT<\/span> id<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> order_no<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> create_time <span class=\"token keyword\">FROM<\/span> t_order <span class=\"token keyword\">ORDER<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">BY<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">DATE<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>create_time<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">DESC<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u4f18\u5316\u65b9\u6848&#xff1a;\u65b0\u589e\u6d3e\u751f\u5217create_date&#xff08;\u5b58\u50a8create_time\u7684\u65e5\u671f&#xff0c;\u59822026-01-26&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u5efa\u7acb\u7d22\u5f15idx_create_date (create_date)&#xff0c;\u4fee\u6539\u67e5\u8be2\u4e3a&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">SELECT<\/span> id<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> order_no<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> create_time <span class=\"token keyword\">FROM<\/span> t_order <span class=\"token keyword\">ORDER<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">BY<\/span> create_date <span class=\"token keyword\">DESC<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u6ce8\u610f&#xff1a;\u6d3e\u751f\u5217\u7684\u503c\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7\u89e6\u53d1\u5668\u6216\u4e1a\u52a1\u5c42\u63d2\u5165\u81ea\u52a8\u7ef4\u62a4&#xff0c;\u786e\u4fdd\u4e0e\u539f\u59cb\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e00\u81f4\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>\u4e13\u9879\u4f18\u5316\u65b9\u6848 1&#xff1a;\u6d77\u91cf\u6570\u636e\u5206\u9875\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u4f18\u5316<\/h4>\n<p>\u9002\u7528\u573a\u666f&#xff1a;\u573a\u666f 3&#xff08;\u5e26\u7b5b\u9009\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u5206\u9875\u6392\u5e8f\u67e5\u8be2&#xff09;&#xff0c;LIMIT \u504f\u79fb\u91cf\u8fc7\u5927\u5bfc\u81f4\u6027\u80fd\u66b4\u8dcc\u3002\u6838\u5fc3\u601d\u8def&#xff1a;\u907f\u514d\u5927\u504f\u79fb\u91cf\u7684 LIMIT \u8bed\u6cd5&#xff0c;\u901a\u8fc7\u7d22\u5f15\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5230\u8d77\u59cb\u4f4d\u7f6e&#xff0c;\u518d\u901a\u8fc7LIMIT\u83b7\u53d6\u6307\u5b9a\u884c\u6570&#xff0c;\u5c06 \u201c\u626b\u63cf\u6d77\u91cf\u6570\u636e\u201d \u8f6c\u4e3a \u201c\u7cbe\u51c6\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6570\u636e\u201d&#xff0c;\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4ece O (N) \u964d\u81f3 O (logN)\u3002<\/p>\n<h5>\u4f18\u5316\u65b9\u6848 1&#xff1a;\u57fa\u4e8e\u4e3b\u952e \/ \u552f\u4e00\u7d22\u5f15\u7684\u5206\u9875&#xff08;\u63a8\u8350&#xff09;<\/h5>\n<p>\u5229\u7528\u6392\u5e8f\u5b57\u6bb5 &#043; \u4e3b\u952e\u7684\u590d\u5408\u7d22\u5f15&#xff0c;\u5148\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0a\u4e00\u9875\u7684\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6761\u6570\u636e\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u5b57\u6bb5\u503c &#043; \u4e3b\u952e\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5230\u8d77\u59cb\u4f4d\u7f6e&#xff0c;\u518d\u4f7f\u7528LIMIT\u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u636e&#xff0c;\u5f7b\u5e95\u907f\u514d\u5927\u504f\u79fb\u91cf\u3002\u793a\u4f8b&#xff1a;\u539f\u5206\u9875\u67e5\u8be2&#xff08;\u5927\u504f\u79fb\u91cf&#xff0c;\u6027\u80fd\u5dee&#xff09;&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">&#8212; \u67e5\u7b2c100\u9875&#xff0c;\u504f\u79fb\u91cf1980<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">SELECT<\/span> id<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> order_no<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> create_time <span class=\"token keyword\">FROM<\/span> t_order <span class=\"token keyword\">WHERE<\/span> user_id<span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span><span class=\"token number\">1001<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">ORDER<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">BY<\/span> create_time <span class=\"token keyword\">DESC<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">LIMIT<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">1980<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span><span class=\"token number\">20<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u4f18\u5316\u540e\u67e5\u8be2&#xff08;\u5047\u8bbe\u4e0a\u4e00\u9875\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6761\u6570\u636e\u7684create_time&#061;&#039;2026-01-01 23:59:59&#039;&#xff0c;id&#061;10000&#xff09;&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">&#8212; \u901a\u8fc7\u6392\u5e8f\u5b57\u6bb5&#043;\u4e3b\u952e\u5b9a\u4f4d&#xff0c;\u65e0\u504f\u79fb\u91cf<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">SELECT<\/span> id<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> order_no<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> create_time <span class=\"token keyword\">FROM<\/span> t_order<br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">WHERE<\/span> user_id<span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span><span class=\"token number\">1001<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">AND<\/span> create_time <span class=\"token operator\">&lt;<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#039;2026-01-01 23:59:59&#039;<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">AND<\/span> id <span class=\"token operator\">&lt;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">10000<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">ORDER<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">BY<\/span> create_time <span class=\"token keyword\">DESC<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> id <span class=\"token keyword\">DESC<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">LIMIT<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">20<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u524d\u63d0&#xff1a;\u5efa\u7acb\u590d\u5408\u7d22\u5f15idx_user_create_id (user_id, create_time DESC, id DESC)&#xff0c;\u786e\u4fdd\u80fd\u7cbe\u51c6\u5b9a\u4f4d\u3002<\/p>\n<h5>\u4f18\u5316\u65b9\u6848 2&#xff1a;\u4f7f\u7528\u8986\u76d6\u7d22\u5f15\u51cf\u5c11\u6570\u636e\u626b\u63cf<\/h5>\n<p>\u82e5\u4e1a\u52a1\u67e5\u8be2\u4ec5\u9700\u8981\u5c11\u91cf\u5b57\u6bb5&#xff0c;\u53ef\u5efa\u7acb\u8986\u76d6\u7d22\u5f15&#xff08;\u5305\u542b\u67e5\u8be2\u6240\u6709\u5b57\u6bb5\u7684\u7d22\u5f15&#xff09;&#xff0c;MySQL \u53ef\u76f4\u63a5\u901a\u8fc7\u7d22\u5f15\u8fd4\u56de\u6570\u636e&#xff0c;\u65e0\u9700\u56de\u8868\u67e5\u8be2\u78c1\u76d8\u6570\u636e&#xff0c;\u5927\u5e45\u63d0\u5347\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u793a\u4f8b&#xff1a;\u67e5\u8be2\u4ec5\u9700\u8981id, order_no, create_time\u5b57\u6bb5&#xff0c;\u5efa\u7acb\u8986\u76d6\u7d22\u5f15idx_user_create_cover (user_id, create_time DESC, order_no)&#xff0c;\u67e5\u8be2\u65f6 MySQL \u76f4\u63a5\u904d\u5386\u7d22\u5f15\u5373\u53ef\u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u6570\u636e&#xff0c;\u65e0\u9700\u56de\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>\u4e13\u9879\u4f18\u5316\u65b9\u6848 2&#xff1a;\u591a\u8868\u8054\u5408\u67e5\u8be2\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u4f18\u5316<\/h4>\n<p>\u9002\u7528\u573a\u666f&#xff1a;\u573a\u666f 5&#xff08;\u8054\u5408\u67e5\u8be2\u540e\u7684\u6392\u5e8f&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u591a\u8868 JOIN \u540e\u5bf9\u5b57\u6bb5\u6392\u5e8f\u3002\u6838\u5fc3\u601d\u8def&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<li>\u4e3a\u6392\u5e8f\u5b57\u6bb5\u5efa\u7acb\u7d22\u5f15&#xff0c;\u4e14\u6392\u5e8f\u5b57\u6bb5\u5c3d\u91cf\u6765\u81ea\u9a71\u52a8\u8868&#xff08;MySQL \u4f18\u5316\u5668\u4f1a\u9009\u62e9\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u5c0f\u7684\u8868\u4f5c\u4e3a\u9a71\u52a8\u8868&#xff09;&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<li>\u5efa\u7acb\u5173\u8054\u5b57\u6bb5 &#043; \u6392\u5e8f\u5b57\u6bb5\u7684\u590d\u5408\u7d22\u5f15&#xff0c;\u51cf\u5c11\u9a71\u52a8\u8868\u548c\u88ab\u9a71\u52a8\u8868\u7684\u626b\u63cf&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<li>\u907f\u514dSELECT *&#xff0c;\u53ea\u67e5\u8be2\u9700\u8981\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5&#xff0c;\u51cf\u5c11\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\u548c\u4e34\u65f6\u8868\u5927\u5c0f\u3002\u793a\u4f8b&#xff1a;\u539f\u8054\u5408\u67e5\u8be2&#xff08;\u6027\u80fd\u5dee&#xff09;&#xff1a;<\/li>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">SELECT<\/span> u<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>id<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> u<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>name<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> o<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>order_no<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> o<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>create_time<br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">FROM<\/span> t_user u<br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">JOIN<\/span> t_order o <span class=\"token keyword\">ON<\/span> u<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>id <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> o<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>user_id<br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">WHERE<\/span> u<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>dept_id <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">301<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">ORDER<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">BY<\/span> o<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>create_time <span class=\"token keyword\">DESC<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u4f18\u5316\u65b9\u6848&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<li>\u4e3a\u88ab\u9a71\u52a8\u8868t_order\u5efa\u7acb\u7d22\u5f15idx_user_create (user_id, create_time DESC)&#xff0c;\u5173\u8054\u5b57\u6bb5\u5728\u524d&#xff0c;\u6392\u5e8f\u5b57\u6bb5\u5728\u540e&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<li>\u4e3a\u9a71\u52a8\u8868t_user\u5efa\u7acb\u7d22\u5f15idx_dept_id (dept_id)&#xff0c;\u52a0\u5feb\u7b5b\u9009&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<li>\u907f\u514dSELECT *&#xff0c;\u7cbe\u51c6\u67e5\u8be2\u6240\u9700\u5b57\u6bb5\u3002<\/li>\n<h4>\u5e94\u6025\u4f18\u5316\u65b9\u6848&#xff1a;\u6587\u4ef6\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u4e34\u65f6\u8c03\u4f18&#xff08;\u4ec5\u4f5c\u515c\u5e95&#xff09;<\/h4>\n<p>\u82e5\u56e0\u4e1a\u52a1\u9650\u5236\u65e0\u6cd5\u5efa\u7acb\u7d22\u5f15&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528\u6587\u4ef6\u6392\u5e8f\u65f6&#xff0c;\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7\u8c03\u6574 MySQL \u53c2\u6570\u4e34\u65f6\u4f18\u5316\u6027\u80fd&#xff0c;\u6b64\u65b9\u6848\u4ec5\u4e3a\u515c\u5e95&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u80fd\u66ff\u4ee3\u7d22\u5f15\u4f18\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<li>\u589e\u5927\u5185\u5b58\u4e34\u65f6\u8868\u9608\u503c&#xff1a;\u5c06tmp_table_size\u548cmax_heap_table_size\u8c03\u5927&#xff08;\u5982 64M\/128M&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u51cf\u5c11\u78c1\u76d8\u4e34\u65f6\u8868\u7684\u521b\u5efa&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<li>\u589e\u5927\u6392\u5e8f\u7f13\u51b2\u533a&#xff1a;\u9002\u5f53\u8c03\u5927sort_buffer_size&#xff08;\u5982 1M\/2M&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u63d0\u5347\u5185\u5b58\u6392\u5e8f\u6548\u7387&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<li>\u51cf\u5c11\u67e5\u8be2\u6570\u636e\u91cf&#xff1a;\u901a\u8fc7WHERE\u7b5b\u9009\u51cf\u5c11\u53c2\u4e0e\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u6570\u636e&#xff0c;\u907f\u514d\u5168\u8868\u6587\u4ef6\u6392\u5e8f&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<li>\u907f\u514dSELECT *&#xff1a;\u53ea\u67e5\u8be2\u9700\u8981\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5&#xff0c;\u51cf\u5c0f\u4e34\u65f6\u8868\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u3002<\/li>\n<h3>\u4e94\u3001ORDER BY \u5f00\u53d1\u4e0e\u4f18\u5316\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5<\/h3>\n<p>\u7ed3\u5408\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u7684\u5927\u91cf\u5b9e\u8df5&#xff0c;\u672c\u6587\u68b3\u7406\u51faORDER BY\u5728\u7d22\u5f15\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3001\u67e5\u8be2\u7f16\u5199\u3001\u8fd0\u7ef4\u76d1\u63a7\u4e09\u4e2a\u7ef4\u5ea6\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5&#xff0c;\u5e2e\u52a9\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u4ece\u6e90\u5934\u907f\u514d\u6027\u80fd\u95ee\u9898&#xff0c;\u5f62\u6210\u89c4\u8303\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u4e60\u60ef\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>1. \u7d22\u5f15\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u6392\u5e8f\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e0e\u7b5b\u9009\u5b57\u6bb5\u7ed3\u5408\u5efa\u590d\u5408\u7d22\u5f15&#xff1a;\u9075\u5faa\u6700\u5de6\u5339\u914d\u539f\u5219&#xff0c;\u7b5b\u9009\u5b57\u6bb5&#xff08;WHERE&#xff09;\u2192 \u6392\u5e8f\u5b57\u6bb5&#xff08;ORDER BY&#xff09;\u2192 \u67e5\u8be2\u5b57\u6bb5&#xff08;SELECT&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u5b9e\u73b0 \u201c\u7b5b\u9009 &#8211; \u6392\u5e8f &#8211; \u67e5\u8be2\u201d \u5168\u7d22\u5f15\u8986\u76d6&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<li>\u591a\u5b57\u6bb5\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u4e0e\u6392\u5e8f\u987a\u5e8f\u4e00\u81f4&#xff1a;\u7ec4\u5408\u7d22\u5f15\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u987a\u5e8f\u3001\u5347\u964d\u5e8f\u9700\u4e0eORDER BY\u5b8c\u5168\u5339\u914d&#xff0c;MySQL8.0 &#043; \u652f\u6301\u6df7\u5408\u5347\u964d\u5e8f\u7d22\u5f15&#xff0c;\u53ef\u7cbe\u51c6\u5339\u914d&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<li>\u907f\u514d\u5bf9\u51fd\u6570\u5904\u7406\u540e\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u5efa\u7d22\u5f15&#xff1a;\u4f18\u5148\u901a\u8fc7\u6d3e\u751f\u5217\u5b58\u50a8\u8ba1\u7b97\u7ed3\u679c&#xff0c;\u518d\u4e3a\u6d3e\u751f\u5217\u5efa\u7d22\u5f15&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<li>\u4e3b\u952e\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u515c\u5e95\u5b57\u6bb5&#xff1a;\u6392\u5e8f\u65f6\u5728\u672b\u5c3e\u52a0\u4e0a\u4e3b\u952e&#xff08;\u5982ORDER BY create_time DESC, id DESC&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u907f\u514d\u56e0\u6392\u5e8f\u5b57\u6bb5\u91cd\u590d\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u65e0\u5e8f&#xff0c;\u540c\u65f6\u5229\u7528\u4e3b\u952e\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u6027\u63d0\u5347\u6392\u5e8f\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>2. \u67e5\u8be2\u7f16\u5199\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4e25\u7981\u5bf9\u7d22\u5f15\u5b57\u6bb5\u8fdb\u884c\u51fd\u6570 \/ \u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u64cd\u4f5c&#xff1a;\u8fd9\u662f\u7d22\u5f15\u5931\u6548\u7684\u9ad8\u9891\u539f\u56e0&#xff0c;\u7262\u8bb0 \u201c\u7d22\u5f15\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e0d\u505a\u5904\u7406&#xff0c;\u5904\u7406\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e0d\u5efa\u7d22\u5f15\u201d&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<li>\u907f\u514d\u5927\u504f\u79fb\u91cf\u7684 LIMIT \u5206\u9875&#xff1a;\u4f7f\u7528 \u201c\u4e0a\u4e00\u9875\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6761\u6570\u636e\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u5b57\u6bb5 &#043; \u4e3b\u952e\u201d \u8fdb\u884c\u7cbe\u51c6\u5b9a\u4f4d&#xff0c;\u66ff\u4ee3\u5927\u504f\u79fb\u91cf&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<li>** \u62d2\u7edd SELECT ***&#xff1a;\u53ea\u67e5\u8be2\u4e1a\u52a1\u9700\u8981\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5&#xff0c;\u51cf\u5c11\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\u3001\u4e34\u65f6\u8868\u5927\u5c0f\u548c\u56de\u8868\u64cd\u4f5c&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<li>\u6392\u5e8f\u5b57\u6bb5\u5c3d\u91cf\u6765\u81ea\u5355\u8868&#xff1a;\u591a\u8868\u8054\u5408\u67e5\u8be2\u65f6&#xff0c;\u6392\u5e8f\u5b57\u6bb5\u5c3d\u91cf\u9009\u62e9\u9a71\u52a8\u8868\u6216\u7d22\u5f15\u5b8c\u5584\u7684\u88ab\u9a71\u52a8\u8868\u5b57\u6bb5&#xff0c;\u907f\u514d\u8de8\u8868\u6392\u5e8f&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528 EXPLAIN \u5206\u6790\u6240\u6709 ORDER BY \u67e5\u8be2&#xff1a;\u5f00\u53d1\u9636\u6bb5\u5fc5\u987b\u901a\u8fc7EXPLAIN\u9a8c\u8bc1&#xff0c;\u786e\u4fddExtra\u5217\u65e0Using filesort\u548cUsing temporary&#xff0c;\u4ece\u6e90\u5934\u53d1\u73b0\u6027\u80fd\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>3. \u8fd0\u7ef4\u76d1\u63a7\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u76d1\u63a7\u6162\u67e5\u8be2\u65e5\u5fd7\u4e2d\u7684 ORDER BY&#xff1a;\u5c06\u6162\u67e5\u8be2\u9608\u503c\u8c03\u4f18&#xff08;\u5982 0.5 \u79d2&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u91cd\u70b9\u76d1\u63a7\u5305\u542bORDER BY\u4e14\u5e26\u6709Using filesort\u7684\u6162\u67e5\u8be2&#xff0c;\u53ca\u65f6\u4f18\u5316&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<li>\u907f\u514d\u5728\u4e3b\u5e93\u6267\u884c\u6d77\u91cf\u6570\u636e\u6392\u5e8f&#xff1a;\u6d77\u91cf\u6570\u636e\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u3001\u7edf\u8ba1\u67e5\u8be2\u5e94\u653e\u5728\u4ece\u5e93 \/ \u53ea\u8bfb\u5e93\u6267\u884c&#xff0c;\u907f\u514d\u5360\u7528\u4e3b\u5e93\u7684 CPU \u548c IO \u8d44\u6e90&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<li>\u5b9a\u671f\u5206\u6790\u7d22\u5f15\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5&#xff1a;\u901a\u8fc7SHOW INDEX FROM \u8868\u540d\u3001sys.schema_unused_indexes\u6392\u67e5\u5197\u4f59\u7d22\u5f15&#xff0c;\u901a\u8fc7sys.schema_index_statistics\u6392\u67e5\u672a\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u7d22\u5f15&#xff0c;\u4fdd\u6301\u7d22\u5f15\u7684\u6709\u6548\u6027&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<li>\u5bf9\u5927\u8868\u7684 ORDER BY \u505a\u538b\u6d4b&#xff1a;\u4e0a\u7ebf\u524d\u5bf9\u5927\u8868&#xff08;\u5343\u4e07\u7ea7 \/ \u4ebf\u7ea7&#xff09;\u7684ORDER BY\u67e5\u8be2\u8fdb\u884c\u538b\u6d4b&#xff0c;\u9a8c\u8bc1\u6027\u80fd\u662f\u5426\u6ee1\u8db3\u4e1a\u52a1\u8981\u6c42\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>4. \u907f\u5751\u6307\u5357&#xff1a;\u5e38\u89c1\u9519\u8bef\u7528\u6cd5\u603b\u7ed3<\/h4>\n<table>\n<tr>\u9519\u8bef\u7528\u6cd5\u9519\u8bef\u539f\u56e0\u6b63\u786e\u505a\u6cd5<\/tr>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>ORDER BY SUBSTR(name,1,1)<\/td>\n<td>\u51fd\u6570\u64cd\u4f5c\u5bfc\u81f4\u7d22\u5f15\u5931\u6548<\/td>\n<td>\u65b0\u589e\u6d3e\u751f\u5217\u5b58\u50a8\u9996\u5b57\u6bcd&#xff0c;\u4e3a\u6d3e\u751f\u5217\u5efa\u7d22\u5f15<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>WHERE a&#061;1 ORDER BY c&#xff08;\u7d22\u5f15(a,b)&#xff09;<\/td>\n<td>\u8fdd\u53cd\u6700\u5de6\u5339\u914d&#xff0c;\u8df3\u8fc7 b \u76f4\u63a5\u6392\u5e8f c<\/td>\n<td>\u5efa\u7acb\u7d22\u5f15(a,c)\u6216(a,b,c)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>ORDER BY a ASC, b DESC&#xff08;\u7d22\u5f15(a,b 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