{"id":65951,"date":"2026-01-25T23:32:35","date_gmt":"2026-01-25T15:32:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/65951.html"},"modified":"2026-01-25T23:32:35","modified_gmt":"2026-01-25T15:32:35","slug":"day-15-%e6%8c%87%e9%92%88%e5%87%bd%e6%95%b0","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/65951.html","title":{"rendered":"day 15 \u6307\u9488+\u51fd\u6570"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u4e00\u3001malloc \u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6982\u5ff5\u4e0e\u4f7f\u7528<\/h3>\n

malloc\u00a0\u662f C \u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\u7528\u4e8e\u5728\u5806\u4e0a\u52a8\u6001\u5206\u914d\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u51fd\u6570，\u5c5e\u4e8e\u00a0<stdlib.h>\u00a0\u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u3002\u5b83\u6839\u636e\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u5206\u914d\u4e00\u5757\u8fde\u7eed\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4，\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u6307\u5411\u8be5\u7a7a\u95f4\u9996\u5730\u5740\u7684\u6307\u9488\u3002\u82e5\u5206\u914d\u5931\u8d25，\u8fd4\u56de\u00a0NULL\u3002<\/p>\n

malloc：\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f00\u5728\u5806\u4e0a\u3002\u624b\u52a8\u7533\u8bf7，\u624b\u52a8\u91ca\u653e\u3002<\/p>\n

void* malloc(size_t size); \u00a0<\/p>\n

\u529f\u80fd：\u7533\u8bf7\u5806\u533a\u7a7a\u95f4 ；\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u53c2\u6570：size：\u8868\u793a\u7533\u8bf7\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u5927\u5c0f，\u5355\u4f4d\u5b57\u8282；<\/p>\n

\u8fd4\u56de\u503c：void*\u00a0 \u8868\u793a\u7a7a\u7c7b\u578b\u6307\u9488\u3002<\/p>\n

void*\u00a0 \u00a0 \u4e07\u80fd\u6307\u9488：\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a5\u53d7\u4efb\u610f\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6307\u9488\u3002<\/p>\n

int a = 10;
\nvoid *p = &a;
\nprintf（"&d\\\\n"，*p）； void\u8868\u793a\u7a7a\u7c7b\u578b\u5219\u6700\u7ec8\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u504f\u79fb\u591a\u5927\u4e00\u5757\u7a7a\u95f4<\/p>\n

printf（"&d\\\\n"，*（int *）p）；
\n\u5982\u679c\u60f3\u901a\u8fc7void * \u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6307\u9488\u5f15\u5f15\u7528\u5230\u6570\u636e\u5fc5\u987b,\u5f3a\u8f6c\u4e3a，\u4f60\u5e0c\u671b\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u6307\u9488\u7c7b\u578b <\/p>\n

void *calloc（size_t nmemb，size_t size);\u00a0 \u00a0\/\/calloc（10,sizeof（int));<\/p>\n

void *realloc(void *ptr,size_t size);<\/p>\n

#include <stdio.h>
\n#include <string.h>
\n#include <stdlib.h>
\nvoid getmemory(char** p, int num) {
\n *p = (char*)malloc(num);
\n}
\nint main() {
\n char* str = NULL;<\/p>\n

#str\u672c\u8eab\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6307\u9488,\u5176\u503c\u4e3aNULL,\u8868\u793a\u5b83\u5f53\u524d\u4e0d\u6307\u5411\u4efb\u4f55\u6709\u6548\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740\u3002str \u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u662f\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740\u3002
\n#*str \u662f\u5bf9\u6307\u9488 str \u7684\u89e3\u5f15\u7528（dereference），\u5373\u8bbf\u95ee str \u6240\u6307\u5411\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u503c\u3002
\n#\u4f46\u7531\u4e8estr\u88ab\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e3a NULL，\u89e3\u5f15\u7528 *str \u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u672a\u5b9a\u4e49\u884c\u4e3a（\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5d29\u6e83，\u5982\u6bb5\u9519\u8bef）\u3002
\n#str \u662f\u6307\u9488\u53d8\u91cf，\u5b58\u50a8\u5730\u5740\u3002
\n#*str \u662f\u89e3\u5f15\u7528\u64cd\u4f5c，\u8bbf\u95ee\u6307\u9488\u6307\u5411\u7684\u503c（\u4f46\u9700\u6307\u9488\u6709\u6548）\u3002
\n#&str \u662f\u53d6\u6307\u9488\u53d8\u91cf str \u672c\u8eab\u7684\u5730\u5740，\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u6307\u9488\u6307\u5411\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u5373\u4f7fstr\u662fNULL，&str\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u5408\u6cd5\u7684#\u64cd\u4f5c，\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u662f\u6307\u9488\u53d8\u91cf str \u5728\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u7684\u5730\u5740\u3002<\/p>\n

getmemory(&str, 100);<\/p>\n

#getmemory(str, 100); \u548c getmemory(&str, 100); \u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u533a\u522b\u5728\u4e8e\u53c2\u6570\u4f20\u9012\u65b9\u5f0f：
\n#\u524d\u8005\u4f20\u9012\u6307\u9488\u7684\u503c（\u4f20\u503c），\u540e\u8005\u4f20\u9012\u6307\u9488\u7684\u5730\u5740（\u4f20\u5740）\u3002<\/p>\n

strcpy(str, "hello");
\n printf("%s", str);
\n free(str);
\n return 0;
\n} <\/p>\n

\u6ce8\u610f：1.\u6307\u9488\u7c7b\u578b\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u56fd\u6570\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u7c7b\u578b2.\u4e0d\u80fd\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf（\u6808\u4e0a）\u7684\u5730\u5740—\u5df2\u7ecf\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u88ab\u9500\u6bc1\u4e86\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u3001\u6307\u9488\u51fd\u6570\u53ca\u51fd\u6570\u6307\u9488<\/span><\/h3>\n

\u6307\u9488\u51fd\u6570（\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u4e3a\u6307\u9488\u7684\u51fd\u6570）\u53ca\u51fd\u6570\u6307\u9488（<\/span>\u6307\u5411\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u6307\u9488\u53d8\u91cf，\u5982\u56de\u8c03\u51fd\u6570）\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

#\u6307\u9488\u51fd\u6570： \u8fd4\u56de\u7c7b\u578b* \u51fd\u6570\u540d(\u53c2\u6570\u5217\u8868);
\n#\u51fd\u6570\u6307\u9488：\u8fd4\u56de\u7c7b\u578b (*\u6307\u9488\u53d8\u91cf\u540d)(\u53c2\u6570\u5217\u8868);<\/p>\n

\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u5f97\u51fd\u6570\u6240\u5728\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u5730\u5740\u51fd\u2014\u2014\u51fd\u6570\u540d\u5c31\u662f\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u5165\u53e3\u5730\u5740<\/span><\/p>\n

int add(int a,int b)<\/span><\/p>\n

{\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0}\/\/add\u51fd\u6570\u540d—\u5c31\u662f\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u5165\u53e3\u5730\u5740<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e2a\u4ec0\u4e48\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6307\u9488\u6765\u5b58\u653e\u8fd9\u79cd\u5730\u5740<\/span><\/p>\n

\u51fd\u6570\u4e5f\u662f\u6709\u7c7b\u578b\u2014\u2014\u51fd\u6570\u7c7b\u578b<\/span><\/p>\n

int add (int a，int b)；add\u540d\u5b57\u53bb\u6389 \u5269\u4e0b\u5c31\u662f\u51fd\u6570\u7c7b\u578b<\/span><\/p>\n

int（int a,int b）\/\/—\u8868\u793a\u8fd9\u4e48\u4e00\u7c7b\u51fd\u6570，\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u4e3aint\u578b，\u540c\u65f6\u5e26\u6709\u4e24\u4e2aint\u578b\u5f62\u53c2<\/span><\/p>\n

int sum(int a,int b);<\/span><\/p>\n

float sub(float b,float b);<\/span><\/p>\n

#include <stdio.h>
\nint add(int a,int b)
\n{
\nreturn a+b;
\n}
\nint main(void)
\n{
\nint (*p)(int,int) = add; \/\/\u51fd\u6570\u6307\u9488
\n int（*pf[4])(int,int）= {add,sub,mul,div}: \/\/\u6307\u9488\u51fd\u6570\u6570\u7ec4
\n int i =0;
\n for(i = 0; i < 4; ++i)
\n {
\n processData(10,3,pf[i])；
\n }
\nint ret = p(1,2);
\nprintf("ret = %d\\\\n",ret);
\nreturn 0;
\n}<\/p>\n

\u5730\u5740:\u6307\u9488\u53d8\u91cf<\/p>\n

int (int a,int b)\u00a0 \u00a0 *p；\/\/\u8fd9\u79cd\u51fd\u6570\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6307\u9488–\u7406\u89e3\u53ef\u4ee5，\u4f46\u662f\u4e0d\u80fd\u8fd9\u4e48\u5199<\/p>\n

int\u00a0 (*p)（int a,int b）；\/\/c\u8bed\u8a00\u6807\u51c6\u5199\u6cd5<\/p>\n

\u56de\u8c03\u51fd\u6570：\u901a\u8fc7\u51fd\u6570\u6307\u9488\u8fdb\u884c\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u8fd9\u79cd\u5c31\u53eb\u56de\u8c03\u51fd\u6570，<\/p>\n

C\u8bed\u8a00\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u51fd\u6570\u6307\u9488\u5b9e\u73b0\u56de\u8c03\u3002<\/p>\n

#include <stdlib.h>
\nvoid qsort( void *base, \u6307\u5411\u8981\u5e26\u5e8f\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u8d77\u59cb\u5730\u5740
\n size_t nmemb, \u8981\u6392\u5e8f\u5143\u7d20\u4e2a\u6570
\n size_t size, \u5355\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u5927\u5c0f
\n int(*compar)(const void *,const void *) \u6bd4\u8f83\u89c4\u5219\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570，\u51fd\u6570\u6307\u9488；<\/p>\n

intcompar（constvoid*a，const void *b） a\u548cb\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u67d0\u4e24\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u5730\u5740
\n{
\n return *(int *)a – *(int *)b;
\n}
\n#include <stdio.h>
\n\/\/const char * *
\nint main(int argc, const char *argv[])
\n{
\nprintf("argc = %d\\\\n",argc);<\/p>\n

int i = 0;
\nwhile(argv[i] != NULL)
\n{
\nprintf("argv[%d] = %s\\\\n",i,argv[i]);
\ni++;
\n}
\nreturn 0;
\n} <\/p>\n

\u4e09\u3001\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53<\/h3>\n

\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53（struct）\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7528\u6237\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b，\u7528\u4e8e\u5c06\u591a\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u7ec4\u5408\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u903b\u8f91\u5355\u5143\u3002\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u76f8\u5173\u8054\u7684\u6570\u636e\u805a\u5408\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u573a\u666f（\u5982\u5b66\u751f\u4fe1\u606f\u3001\u5750\u6807\u70b9\u7b49）\u3002<\/p>\n

struct Student {
\n char name[50];
\n int age;
\n float height;
\n}; <\/p>\n

\u544a\u8bc9\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668，\u6211\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eb2\u65b0\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b \u2014\u2014 \u4ee3\u8868\u5b66\u751f\u6570\u636e\u7684-\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b<\/p>\n

\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b：<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u7c7b\u578b\u540d：struct\u00a0 student\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\/\/\u7b49\u4ef7int ,short,float\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u7684\u5927\u5c0f：<\/p>\n

\u5185\u5b58\u5bf9\u9f50：\u4e3a\u4e86\u63d0\u9ad8\u6548\u738732\u4f4d\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u653e\u5230\u80fd\u88ab4\u5b57\u8282\u6574\u9664\u7684\u5730\u5740\u7f16\u53f7\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u5bf9\u9f50\u7684\u89c4\u5219：1.\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u6210\u5458\u7684\u5bf9\u9f50；\u8981\u5728\u81ea\u7136\u8fb9\u754c\u5bf9\u9f50<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a02.\u6574\u4e2a\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u6700\u5927\u7684\u6210\u5458\u5bf9\u9f50<\/p>\n

\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u7684\u58f0\u660e\u4e0e\u521d\u59cb\u5316：\u58f0\u660e\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u53d8\u91cf\u65f6\u53ef\u76f4\u63a5\u521d\u59cb\u5316<\/p>\n

\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u521d\u59cb\u5316：<\/p>\n

structstu s ={\u6309\u7167\u6210\u5458\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u7684\u987a\u5e8f,\u4f9d\u6b21\u521d\u59cb\u5316};<\/p>\n

\u65b9\u5f0f：\u6309\u7167\u6210\u5458\u53d8\u91cf\u672c\u8eab\u65b9\u5f0f\u521d\u59cb\u5316，\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u503c\u4e4b\u95f4\u4ee5\u9017\u53f7\u5206\u9694<\/p>\n

\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u5f15\u7528：\u8bbf\u95ee\u6570\u636e\u4e0d\u80fd\u8bbf\u95ee\u6574\u4e2a\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53，\u5fc5\u987b\u8bbf\u95ee\u5230\u5177\u4f53\u6210\u5458\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u53d8\u91cf\u540d．\u6210\u5458\u53d8\u91cf\u540d——-\u8bbf\u95ee\u5230\u4e86\u5177\u4f53\u6210\u5458<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u4e00\u3001malloc \u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6982\u5ff5\u4e0e\u4f7f\u7528
\nmalloc\u00a0\u662f C \u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\u7528\u4e8e\u5728\u5806\u4e0a\u52a8\u6001\u5206\u914d\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u51fd\u6570，\u5c5e\u4e8e\u00a0\u00a0\u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u3002\u5b83\u6839\u636e\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u5206\u914d\u4e00\u5757\u8fde\u7eed\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4，\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u6307\u5411\u8be5\u7a7a\u95f4\u9996\u5730\u5740\u7684\u6307\u9488\u3002\u82e5\u5206\u914d\u5931\u8d25，\u8fd4\u56de\u00a0NULL\u3002
\nmalloc：\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f00\u5728\u5806\u4e0a\u3002\u624b\u52a8\u7533\u8bf7，\u624b\u52a8\u91ca\u653e\u3002
\nvoid* malloc(size_t size); \u00a0
\n\u529f\u80fd：\u7533\u8bf7\u5806\u533a\u7a7a\u95f4 ；\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[174,190,427],"topic":[],"class_list":["post-65951","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-server","tag-c","tag-190","tag-427"],"yoast_head":"\nday 15 \u6307\u9488+\u51fd\u6570 - \u7f51\u7855\u4e92\u8054\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2d\u5fc3<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/65951.html\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"zh_CN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"day 15 \u6307\u9488+\u51fd\u6570 - \u7f51\u7855\u4e92\u8054\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2d\u5fc3\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u4e00\u3001malloc \u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6982\u5ff5\u4e0e\u4f7f\u7528 malloc\u00a0\u662f C \u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\u7528\u4e8e\u5728\u5806\u4e0a\u52a8\u6001\u5206\u914d\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u51fd\u6570，\u5c5e\u4e8e\u00a0\u00a0\u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u3002\u5b83\u6839\u636e\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u5206\u914d\u4e00\u5757\u8fde\u7eed\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4，\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u6307\u5411\u8be5\u7a7a\u95f4\u9996\u5730\u5740\u7684\u6307\u9488\u3002\u82e5\u5206\u914d\u5931\u8d25，\u8fd4\u56de\u00a0NULL\u3002 malloc：\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f00\u5728\u5806\u4e0a\u3002\u624b\u52a8\u7533\u8bf7，\u624b\u52a8\u91ca\u653e\u3002 void* malloc(size_t size); 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