{"id":65203,"date":"2026-01-24T16:32:50","date_gmt":"2026-01-24T08:32:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/65203.html"},"modified":"2026-01-24T16:32:50","modified_gmt":"2026-01-24T08:32:50","slug":"%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%9c%a8%e6%9c%8d%e5%8a%a1%e5%99%a8-ubuntu-22-04-%e4%b8%8a%e7%94%a8-zfs-postgresql-15-%e5%81%9a%e8%87%aa%e5%8a%a8%e5%a4%87%e4%bb%bd%e4%b8%8e%e5%bf%ab%e7%85%a7%e7%ad%96%e7%95%a5","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/65203.html","title":{"rendered":"\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668 Ubuntu 22.04 \u4e0a\u7528 ZFS + PostgreSQL 15 \u505a\u81ea\u52a8\u5907\u4efd\u4e0e\u5feb\u7167\u7b56\u7565\u5b9e\u6218"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u5728\u9ad8\u6548\u80fd\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u6570\u636e\u5907\u4efd\u4e0e\u6062\u590d\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u5236\u5b9a\u5bf9\u4e1a\u52a1\u7684\u6301\u7eed\u8fd0\u884c\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4f7f\u7528 PostgreSQL \u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7cfb\u7edf\u800c\u8a00&#xff0c;\u5b9a\u671f\u5907\u4efd\u548c\u5feb\u901f\u6062\u590d\u5c24\u4e3a\u91cd\u8981&#xff0c;\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u89c4\u6a21\u9010\u6e10\u589e\u5927\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u3002A5\u6570\u636e\u5c06\u57fa\u4e8e Ubuntu 22.04 \u7cfb\u7edf&#xff0c;\u7ed3\u5408 ZFS \u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf \u548c PostgreSQL 15&#xff0c;\u4e3a\u5927\u5bb6\u5c55\u793a\u5982\u4f55\u5229\u7528 ZFS \u5feb\u7167\u6280\u672f\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u9ad8\u6548\u3001\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5907\u4efd\u7b56\u7565\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u8ba8\u5982\u4f55\u914d\u7f6e\u548c\u5229\u7528 ZFS \u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u81ea\u52a8\u5907\u4efd&#xff0c;\u5e76\u7ed3\u5408 PostgreSQL 15 \u7684\u6570\u636e\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u7279\u6027&#xff0c;\u786e\u4fdd\u5728\u707e\u96be\u53d1\u751f\u65f6\u80fd\u591f\u8fc5\u901f\u6062\u590d\u670d\u52a1\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u7cbe\u786e\u7684\u786c\u4ef6\u914d\u7f6e\u3001\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u6b65\u9aa4\u548c\u6027\u80fd\u8bc4\u6d4b&#xff0c;\u60a8\u5c06\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u90e8\u7f72\u4e00\u4e2a\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5907\u4efd\u65b9\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u6280\u672f\u9009\u578b\u4e0e\u786c\u4ef6\u914d\u7f6e<\/h3>\n<h4>1. \u7cfb\u7edf\u73af\u5883\u4e0e\u7248\u672c<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf&#xff1a;Ubuntu 22.04 LTS<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf&#xff1a;ZFS&#xff08;\u5b89\u88c5\u4e0e\u914d\u7f6e&#xff09;<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7cfb\u7edf&#xff1a;PostgreSQL 15<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u9999\u6e2f\u670d\u52a1\u5668www.a5idc.com\u786c\u4ef6\u914d\u7f6e&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>CPU&#xff1a;Intel Xeon E-2334&#xff08;4 \u6838 8 \u7ebf\u7a0b&#xff0c;\u4e3b\u9891 3.4GHz&#xff09;<\/li>\n<li>\u5185\u5b58&#xff1a;32GB DDR4-3200<\/li>\n<li>\u5b58\u50a8&#xff1a;1TB NVMe SSD&#xff08;\u9002\u5408\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u5199\u5165\u4e0e\u8bfb\u53d6&#xff09;<\/li>\n<li>\u7f51\u7edc&#xff1a;100M BGP\u5e26\u5bbd&#xff0c;\u76f4\u8fdeCN2<\/li>\n<li>\u5907\u4efd\u5b58\u50a8&#xff1a;2TB \u672c\u5730\u786c\u76d8\u9635\u5217&#xff0c;\u4f7f\u7528 ZFS \u914d\u7f6e RAIDZ<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>2. ZFS \u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4ecb\u7ecd<\/h4>\n<p>ZFS \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf&#xff0c;\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u3001\u538b\u7f29\u3001\u5feb\u7167\u548c\u590d\u5236\u7b49\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u5b83\u7684\u5feb\u7167\u529f\u80fd\u5141\u8bb8\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u4e0d\u5f71\u54cd\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u521b\u5efa\u5907\u4efd&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u65f6\u8bb0\u5f55\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u6bcf\u6b21 ZFS \u5feb\u7167\u90fd\u53ea\u8bb0\u5f55\u53d8\u66f4\u7684\u90e8\u5206&#xff0c;\u4ece\u800c\u907f\u514d\u4e86\u5168\u91cf\u5907\u4efd\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u6d88\u8017\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>3. PostgreSQL 15 \u7279\u6027<\/h4>\n<p>PostgreSQL 15 \u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u66f4\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u5904\u7406\u4e0e\u5b58\u50a8\u4f18\u5316&#xff0c;\u5b83\u652f\u6301\u66f4\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u5e76\u884c\u67e5\u8be2\u3001\u884c\u7ea7\u52a0\u5bc6\u4ee5\u53ca\u66f4\u7cbe\u786e\u7684\u6269\u5c55\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\u5907\u4efd&#xff0c;PostgreSQL \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86 pg_dump\u3001pg_basebackup \u548c WAL&#xff08;Write-Ahead Logging&#xff09; \u7b49\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f&#xff0c;\u7ed3\u5408 ZFS \u5feb\u7167\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u5b9e\u65f6\u5907\u4efd&#xff0c;\u4fdd\u969c\u6570\u636e\u7684\u9ad8\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u548c\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u67b6\u6784\u4e0e\u6b65\u9aa4<\/h3>\n<h4>1. \u5b89\u88c5\u4e0e\u914d\u7f6e ZFS<\/h4>\n<p>\u9996\u5148&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5728 Ubuntu 22.04 \u4e0a\u5b89\u88c5 ZFS&#xff0c;\u5e76\u786e\u4fdd\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u4ee5\u987a\u5229\u521b\u5efa ZFS \u5b58\u50a8\u6c60\u548c\u5feb\u7167\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">sudo<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">apt<\/span> update<br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">sudo<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">apt<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">install<\/span> zfsutils-linux<\/p>\n<p>\u5b89\u88c5\u5b8c\u6210\u540e&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3a zfs_pool \u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u6c60&#xff0c;\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u4e3a RAIDZ \u6a21\u5f0f&#xff0c;\u4ee5\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5197\u4f59\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">sudo<\/span> zpool create zfs_pool raidz \/dev\/sdb \/dev\/sdc \/dev\/sdd<\/p>\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528 zfs list \u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u6c60\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>2. \u5b89\u88c5 PostgreSQL 15<\/h4>\n<p>\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5 PostgreSQL 15\u3002\u5728 Ubuntu 22.04 \u4e2d&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u901a\u8fc7\u5b98\u65b9\u7684 APT \u4ed3\u5e93\u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u88c5\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">sudo<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">apt<\/span> update<br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">sudo<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">apt<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">install<\/span> postgresql-15<\/p>\n<p>\u5b89\u88c5\u5b8c\u6210\u540e&#xff0c;\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u542f\u52a8 PostgreSQL \u670d\u52a1\u5e76\u786e\u4fdd\u5176\u5f00\u673a\u81ea\u542f&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">sudo<\/span> systemctl <span class=\"token builtin class-name\">enable<\/span> postgresql<br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">sudo<\/span> systemctl start postgresql<\/p>\n<h4>3. \u914d\u7f6e PostgreSQL \u6570\u636e\u76ee\u5f55\u5230 ZFS \u5b58\u50a8\u6c60<\/h4>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u5b9e\u73b0\u5907\u4efd&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5c06 PostgreSQL \u7684\u6570\u636e\u76ee\u5f55\u914d\u7f6e\u5230 ZFS \u5b58\u50a8\u6c60\u4e2d\u3002\u9996\u5148&#xff0c;\u505c\u6b62 PostgreSQL \u670d\u52a1&#xff0c;\u5e76\u79fb\u52a8\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6570\u636e\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u5230 ZFS \u5377\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">sudo<\/span> systemctl stop postgresql<br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">sudo<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">mv<\/span> \/var\/lib\/postgresql \/zfs_pool\/postgresql_data<br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">sudo<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">ln<\/span> -s \/zfs_pool\/postgresql_data \/var\/lib\/postgresql<br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">sudo<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">chown<\/span> -R postgres:postgres \/zfs_pool\/postgresql_data<\/p>\n<h4>4. \u914d\u7f6e ZFS \u5feb\u7167\u7b56\u7565<\/h4>\n<p>ZFS \u5feb\u7167\u5c06\u4f1a\u5b9a\u671f\u4fdd\u5b58\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u4f7f\u7528 cron \u6765\u5b9a\u671f\u521b\u5efa ZFS \u5feb\u7167\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7f16\u8f91 cron \u4efb\u52a1&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">sudo<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">crontab<\/span> -e<\/p>\n<p>\u6dfb\u52a0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6761\u76ee\u6765\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6bcf\u5929\u51cc\u6668 2 \u70b9\u521b\u5efa\u5feb\u7167&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token number\">0<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">2<\/span> * * * \/sbin\/zfs snapshot zfs_pool\/postgresql_data&#064;<span class=\"token variable\"><span class=\"token variable\">$(<\/span><span class=\"token function\">date<\/span> &#043;<span class=\"token punctuation\">\\\\<\/span>%Y<span class=\"token punctuation\">\\\\<\/span>%m<span class=\"token punctuation\">\\\\<\/span>%d<span class=\"token punctuation\">\\\\<\/span>%H<span class=\"token punctuation\">\\\\<\/span>%M<span class=\"token variable\">)<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u6bcf\u6b21\u6267\u884c\u6b64\u547d\u4ee4\u65f6&#xff0c;ZFS \u4f1a\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u4e8e\u5f53\u524d\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u5feb\u7167&#xff0c;\u5e76\u4fdd\u5b58 PostgreSQL \u6570\u636e\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>5. PostgreSQL \u65e5\u5fd7\u5f52\u6863\u4e0e WAL \u5907\u4efd<\/h4>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u786e\u4fdd\u6570\u636e\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u548c\u9ad8\u53ef\u7528\u6027&#xff0c;\u5efa\u8bae\u542f\u7528 WAL \u65e5\u5fd7\u5f52\u6863\u3002\u9996\u5148&#xff0c;\u914d\u7f6e PostgreSQL \u65e5\u5fd7\u5f52\u6863&#xff0c;\u7f16\u8f91 postgresql.conf \u6587\u4ef6&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">sudo<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">nano<\/span> \/etc\/postgresql\/15\/main\/postgresql.conf<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u627e\u5230 archive_mode \u548c archive_command \u9009\u9879&#xff0c;\u5e76\u542f\u7528 WAL \u5f52\u6863&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>archive_mode <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> on<br \/>\narchive_command <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#039;cp %p \/zfs_pool\/wal_archives\/%f&#039;<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>6. \u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6062\u590d\u7b56\u7565<\/h4>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u6062\u590d\u67d0\u4e2a\u5feb\u7167&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5feb\u901f\u8fd8\u539f ZFS \u5b58\u50a8\u6c60\u4e2d\u7684 PostgreSQL \u6570\u636e\u76ee\u5f55&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">sudo<\/span> zfs rollback zfs_pool\/postgresql_data&#064;202601151200<\/p>\n<p>\u6b64\u547d\u4ee4\u5c06\u6062\u590d\u5230\u7279\u5b9a\u65f6\u95f4\u70b9\u7684\u5feb\u7167\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u6062\u590d\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5b8c\u6210\u540e&#xff0c;\u91cd\u542f PostgreSQL \u670d\u52a1&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">sudo<\/span> systemctl start postgresql<\/p>\n<h3>\u6027\u80fd\u8bc4\u6d4b\u4e0e\u4f18\u5316<\/h3>\n<h4>1. \u5feb\u7167\u521b\u5efa\u6027\u80fd\u8bc4\u6d4b<\/h4>\n<p>\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u5feb\u7167\u521b\u5efa\u65f6&#xff0c;ZFS \u4f1a\u4ec5\u8bb0\u5f55\u6570\u636e\u53d8\u52a8&#xff0c;\u56e0\u6b64\u5176\u6027\u80fd\u5f71\u54cd\u8f83\u5c0f\u3002\u901a\u8fc7 iostat \u5de5\u5177&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u76d1\u63a7\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684 I\/O \u6027\u80fd&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>iostat -x <span class=\"token number\">1<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>2. \u6062\u590d\u6027\u80fd\u8bc4\u6d4b<\/h4>\n<p>\u6062\u590d\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u4e3b\u8981\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u786c\u4ef6\u548c ZFS \u5b58\u50a8\u6c60\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u3002\u4f7f\u7528 SSD \u548c RAIDZ \u6a21\u5f0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u63d0\u9ad8\u6062\u590d\u901f\u5ea6\u3002\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u4f7f\u7528 NVMe SSD \u4f5c\u4e3a\u5b58\u50a8\u8bbe\u5907\u65f6&#xff0c;\u6062\u590d\u65f6\u95f4\u901a\u5e38\u4e3a\u51e0\u5206\u949f\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>3. \u6570\u636e\u5907\u4efd\u4e0e\u6062\u590d\u901f\u5ea6\u5bf9\u6bd4<\/h4>\n<table>\n<tr>\u64cd\u4f5c\u7c7b\u578b\u65f6\u95f4 (\u5206\u949f)\u6027\u80fd\u63cf\u8ff0<\/tr>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u5feb\u7167\u521b\u5efa<\/td>\n<td>0.5<\/td>\n<td>\u5feb\u7167\u521b\u5efa\u51e0\u4e4e\u65e0\u5ef6\u8fdf<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u5feb\u7167\u6062\u590d<\/td>\n<td>2<\/td>\n<td>\u6062\u590d\u65f6\u95f4\u8f83\u77ed&#xff0c;\u4f9d\u8d56\u5b58\u50a8\u6027\u80fd<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>WAL \u65e5\u5fd7\u5f52\u6863<\/td>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td>\u6301\u7eed\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u5f52\u6863\u5f71\u54cd\u8f83\u5c0f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>\u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n<p>A5\u6570\u636e\u901a\u8fc7\u7ed3\u5408 ZFS \u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf \u548c PostgreSQL 15&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728 Ubuntu 22.04 \u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u6784\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u9ad8\u6548\u3001\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5907\u4efd\u4e0e\u6062\u590d\u7b56\u7565\u3002\u5229\u7528 ZFS \u7684\u5feb\u7167\u6280\u672f&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u5b9e\u73b0\u4f4e\u8d44\u6e90\u6d88\u8017\u7684\u5907\u4efd\u8fc7\u7a0b&#xff0c;\u5e76\u786e\u4fdd\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u4e0e\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u3002\u6b64\u5916&#xff0c;\u7ed3\u5408 PostgreSQL \u7684 WAL 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