{"id":64196,"date":"2026-01-22T23:56:26","date_gmt":"2026-01-22T15:56:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/64196.html"},"modified":"2026-01-22T23:56:26","modified_gmt":"2026-01-22T15:56:26","slug":"python%e6%8f%8f%e8%bf%b0%e7%ac%a6%e5%8d%8f%e8%ae%ae%ef%bc%9a%e6%8f%ad%e7%a7%98%e5%b1%9e%e6%80%a7%e8%ae%bf%e9%97%ae%e6%9c%ba%e5%88%b6","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/64196.html","title":{"rendered":"Python\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u534f\u8bae\uff1a\u63ed\u79d8\u5c5e\u6027\u8bbf\u95ee\u673a\u5236"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u597d\u7684&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u8ba8Python\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u534f\u8bae&#xff0c;\u63ed\u5f00\u5c5e\u6027\u8bbf\u95ee\u80cc\u540e\u7684\u673a\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u534f\u8bae&#xff1f;<\/h4>\n<p>\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u534f\u8bae\u662fPython\u4e2d\u7ba1\u7406\u5c5e\u6027\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u673a\u5236\u3002\u5b83\u5141\u8bb8\u5bf9\u8c61\u5b9a\u4e49\u5982\u4f55\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\u3001\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6216\u5220\u9664\u3002\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u7279\u5b9a\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u7c7b&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u5305\u62ec&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>__get__(self, instance, owner): \u5b9a\u4e49\u5f53\u5c5e\u6027\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee&#xff08;\u83b7\u53d6&#xff09;\u65f6\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u3002<\/li>\n<li>__set__(self, instance, value): \u5b9a\u4e49\u5f53\u5c5e\u6027\u88ab\u8d4b\u503c&#xff08;\u8bbe\u7f6e&#xff09;\u65f6\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u3002<\/li>\n<li>__delete__(self, instance): \u5b9a\u4e49\u5f53\u5c5e\u6027\u88ab\u5220\u9664&#xff08;del&#xff09;\u65f6\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u53ea\u8981\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u4e0a\u8ff0\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a&#xff0c;\u5176\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>\u5c5e\u6027\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u67e5\u627e\u987a\u5e8f<\/h4>\n<p>\u7406\u89e3\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u7684\u5173\u952e\u5728\u4e8e\u77e5\u9053Python\u5728\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c5e\u6027&#xff08;\u5982obj.attr&#xff09;\u65f6\u7684\u67e5\u627e\u987a\u5e8f&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<li>\u68c0\u67e5obj.__dict__&#xff08;\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5b57\u5178&#xff09;\u4e2d\u662f\u5426\u6709&#039;attr&#039;\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5982\u679c\u672a\u627e\u5230&#xff0c;\u68c0\u67e5obj\u6240\u5c5e\u7684\u7c7b&#xff08;type(obj)&#xff09;\u53ca\u5176\u7ee7\u627f\u94fe\u4e0a\u6240\u6709\u7c7b\u7684__dict__&#xff1a;\n<ul>\n<li>\u5982\u679c\u627e\u5230\u7684&#039;attr&#039;\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26&#xff08;\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86__set__\u6216__delete__\u65b9\u6cd5&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u5219\u4f18\u5148\u8c03\u7528\u5176__get__\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5982\u679c\u627e\u5230\u7684&#039;attr&#039;\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u6570\u636e\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26&#xff08;\u53ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86__get__\u65b9\u6cd5&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u5219\u8c03\u7528\u5176__get__\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5982\u679c\u627e\u5230\u7684\u662f\u666e\u901a\u5c5e\u6027&#xff0c;\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\u5b83\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u5982\u679c\u4ecd\u672a\u627e\u5230&#xff0c;\u68c0\u67e5obj\u7684__getattr__\u65b9\u6cd5&#xff08;\u5982\u679c\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86&#xff09;\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5982\u679c\u4ee5\u4e0a\u90fd\u672a\u627e\u5230&#xff0c;\u5219\u629b\u51faAttributeError\u3002<\/li>\n<h4>\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u7c7b\u578b<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u6570\u636e\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26 (Data Descriptor)&#xff1a;\u540c\u65f6\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86__get__\u548c__set__&#xff08;\u6216__delete__&#xff09;\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u5728\u5c5e\u6027\u67e5\u627e\u987a\u5e8f\u4e2d\u62e5\u6709\u6700\u9ad8\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7&#xff08;\u9ad8\u4e8e\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5b57\u5178&#xff09;\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u975e\u6570\u636e\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26 (Non-data Descriptor)&#xff1a;\u4ec5\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86__get__\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u5728\u5c5e\u6027\u67e5\u627e\u987a\u5e8f\u4e2d\u7684\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u4f4e\u4e8e\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5b57\u5178\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>__set_name__ \u65b9\u6cd5 (Python 3.6&#043;)<\/h4>\n<p>Python 3.6\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u9009\u65b9\u6cd5__set_name__(self, owner, name)\u3002\u5f53\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u5b9e\u4f8b\u88ab\u521b\u5efa\u5e76\u8d4b\u503c\u7ed9\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u5c5e\u6027\u65f6&#xff08;\u5373\u5728\u7c7b\u5b9a\u4e49\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d&#xff09;&#xff0c;Python\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u8c03\u7528\u6b64\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u53c2\u6570owner\u662f\u62e5\u6709\u8be5\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u7684\u7c7b&#xff0c;name\u662f\u8be5\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u5b9e\u4f8b\u88ab\u8d4b\u4e88\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u540d\u3002\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u53ef\u4ee5\u77e5\u9053\u5b83\u88ab\u7ed1\u5b9a\u5230\u4e86\u54ea\u4e2a\u5c5e\u6027\u540d\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>class Temperature:<br \/>\n    def __init__(self, name):<br \/>\n        self.name &#061; name<\/p>\n<p>    def __set_name__(self, owner, name):<br \/>\n        # \u5728\u521b\u5efa\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u5b9e\u4f8b\u65f6\u81ea\u52a8\u8c03\u7528<br \/>\n        # \u901a\u5e38\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u4fdd\u5b58\u5c5e\u6027\u540d<br \/>\n        self.name &#061; name<\/p>\n<p>    def __get__(self, instance, owner):<br \/>\n        return instance.__dict__.get(self.name)<\/p>\n<p>    def __set__(self, instance, value):<br \/>\n        # \u9a8c\u8bc1\u903b\u8f91<br \/>\n        if not isinstance(value, (int, float)):<br \/>\n            raise TypeError(&#034;Temperature must be a number&#034;)<br \/>\n        instance.__dict__[self.name] &#061; value<\/p>\n<p>class WeatherStation:<br \/>\n    # \u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u5b9e\u4f8b\u88ab\u521b\u5efa\u5e76\u8d4b\u503c\u7ed9\u7c7b\u5c5e\u6027 &#096;temperature&#096;<br \/>\n    temperature &#061; Temperature(&#039;temperature&#039;)  # \u65e7\u65b9\u5f0f&#xff1a;\u9700\u8981\u663e\u5f0f\u4f20\u9012\u540d\u5b57<br \/>\n    # \u4f7f\u7528 __set_name__ \u540e&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u7b80\u6d01&#xff1a;<br \/>\n    # temperature &#061; Temperature()<\/p>\n<p>station &#061; WeatherStation()<br \/>\nstation.temperature &#061; 25.5  # \u8c03\u7528 Temperature.__set__<br \/>\nprint(station.temperature)  # \u8c03\u7528 Temperature.__get__&#xff0c;\u8f93\u51fa 25.5<\/p>\n<h4>\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528<\/h4>\n<p>\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u662f\u5b9e\u73b0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u57fa\u7840&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<li>\u5c5e\u6027\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4e0e\u8f6c\u6362&#xff1a;\u5728__set__\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\u52a0\u5165\u9a8c\u8bc1\u903b\u8f91&#xff08;\u5982\u68c0\u67e5\u7c7b\u578b\u3001\u8303\u56f4&#xff09;\u6216\u8f6c\u6362\u903b\u8f91&#xff08;\u5982\u5355\u4f4d\u6362\u7b97&#xff09;\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5ef6\u8fdf\u8ba1\u7b97\/\u60f0\u6027\u6c42\u503c&#xff1a;\u5728__get__\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\u8ba1\u7b97\u5c5e\u6027\u503c\u5e76\u7f13\u5b58\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5c5e\u6027\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236&#xff1a;\u5b9e\u73b0\u53ea\u8bfb\u5c5e\u6027&#xff08;\u4ec5\u5b9a\u4e49__get__&#xff09;\u3001\u8bfb\u5199\u5c5e\u6027\u7b49\u3002<\/li>\n<li>ORM (\u5bf9\u8c61\u5173\u7cfb\u6620\u5c04) \u6846\u67b6&#xff1a;\u5982Django\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u5b57\u6bb5\u5b9a\u4e49\u80cc\u540e\u5c31\u662f\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26&#xff0c;\u7528\u4e8e\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5b57\u6bb5\u6620\u5c04\u5230Python\u5bf9\u8c61\u5c5e\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n<li>&#064;property, &#064;staticmethod, &#064;classmethod&#xff1a;\u8fd9\u4e9b\u88c5\u9970\u5668\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u5c31\u662f\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u7279\u5b9a\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u5b9e\u4f8b\u3002<\/li>\n<h4>\u603b\u7ed3<\/h4>\n<p>Python\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u534f\u8bae\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u3001\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u5b9a\u5236\u5c5e\u6027\u8bbf\u95ee\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u7406\u89e3__get__\u3001__set__\u3001__delete__\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u4ee5\u53ca\u5c5e\u6027\u67e5\u627e\u987a\u5e8f\u662f\u638c\u63e1\u5176\u7cbe\u9ad3\u7684\u5173\u952e\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5b9e\u73b0\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26&#xff0c;\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u80fd\u591f\u66f4\u7cbe\u7ec6\u5730\u63a7\u5236\u5bf9\u8c61\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u4ea4\u4e92&#xff0c;\u6784\u5efa\u66f4\u5065\u58ee\u3001\u66f4\u7075\u6d3b\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u3002__set_name__\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u5f15\u5165\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u7b80\u5316\u4e86\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u597d\u7684&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u8ba8Python\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u534f\u8bae&#xff0c;\u63ed\u5f00\u5c5e\u6027\u8bbf\u95ee\u80cc\u540e\u7684\u673a\u5236\u3002\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u534f\u8bae&#xff1f;\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u534f\u8bae\u662fPython\u4e2d\u7ba1\u7406\u5c5e\u6027\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u673a\u5236\u3002\u5b83\u5141\u8bb8\u5bf9\u8c61\u5b9a\u4e49\u5982\u4f55\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\u3001\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6216\u5220\u9664\u3002\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u7279\u5b9a\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u7c7b&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u5305\u62ec&#xff1a;__get__(self, instance, owner): \u5b9a\u4e49\u5f53\u5c5e\u6027\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee&#xff08;\u83b7\u53d6&#xff09;\u65f6\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u3002__set__(self, instance, value):<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[81,190,78],"topic":[],"class_list":["post-64196","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-server","tag-python","tag-190","tag-78"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v20.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Python\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u534f\u8bae\uff1a\u63ed\u79d8\u5c5e\u6027\u8bbf\u95ee\u673a\u5236 - \u7f51\u7855\u4e92\u8054\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2d\u5fc3<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/64196.html\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"zh_CN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Python\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u534f\u8bae\uff1a\u63ed\u79d8\u5c5e\u6027\u8bbf\u95ee\u673a\u5236 - \u7f51\u7855\u4e92\u8054\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2d\u5fc3\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u597d\u7684&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u8ba8Python\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u534f\u8bae&#xff0c;\u63ed\u5f00\u5c5e\u6027\u8bbf\u95ee\u80cc\u540e\u7684\u673a\u5236\u3002\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u534f\u8bae&#xff1f;\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u534f\u8bae\u662fPython\u4e2d\u7ba1\u7406\u5c5e\u6027\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u673a\u5236\u3002\u5b83\u5141\u8bb8\u5bf9\u8c61\u5b9a\u4e49\u5982\u4f55\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\u3001\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6216\u5220\u9664\u3002\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u7279\u5b9a\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u7c7b&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u5305\u62ec&#xff1a;__get__(self, instance, owner): 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