{"id":63000,"date":"2026-01-21T05:26:00","date_gmt":"2026-01-20T21:26:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/63000.html"},"modified":"2026-01-21T05:26:00","modified_gmt":"2026-01-20T21:26:00","slug":"%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%9c%a8-ubuntu-22-04-%e7%b3%bb%e7%bb%9f%e7%9a%84%e9%a6%99%e6%b8%af%e6%9c%8d%e5%8a%a1%e5%99%a8%e4%b8%8a%e9%83%a8%e7%bd%b2-nginxmodsecurity-waf-%e5%ae%9e%e7%8e%b0-web-%e5%ba%94","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/63000.html","title":{"rendered":"\u5982\u4f55\u5728 Ubuntu 22.04 \u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u9999\u6e2f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u90e8\u7f72 Nginx+ModSecurity WAF \u5b9e\u73b0 Web \u5e94\u7528\u9632\u706b\u5899\u9632\u62a4\u6d41\u7a0b\u8be6\u89e3"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u8fd0\u7ef4\u548c\u67b6\u6784\u4f18\u5316\u4e2d，Web \u5e94\u7528\u9632\u706b\u5899（WAF）\u662f\u4fdd\u62a4 Web \u5e94\u7528\u514d\u53d7\u5e38\u89c1\u653b\u51fb（\u5982 SQL \u6ce8\u5165\u3001XSS\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u5305\u542b\u7b49）\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u7ec4\u4ef6\u3002A5\u6570\u636e\u672c\u6559\u7a0b\u57fa\u4e8e Ubuntu 22.04 LTS，\u5728\u9999\u6e2f\u4e91\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u73af\u5883\u4e0b，\u4ece\u786c\u4ef6\u89c4\u683c\u3001\u6a21\u5757\u4f9d\u8d56\u3001\u7f16\u8bd1\u5b89\u88c5\u5230\u89c4\u5219\u914d\u7f6e\u3001\u6027\u80fd\u8bc4\u4f30\u5168\u9762\u5c55\u5f00，\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u6784\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u751f\u4ea7\u7684 Nginx+ModSecurity WAF \u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6211\u5728\u90e8\u7f72\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u9009\u62e9\u624b\u5de5\u7f16\u8bd1 ModSecurity v3 \u53ca Nginx ModSecurity \u52a8\u6001\u6a21\u5757，\u4ee5\u4fbf\u7cbe\u7ec6\u8c03\u4f18\u548c\u5347\u7ea7\u517c\u5bb9\u6027\u66f4\u5f3a\u3002\u672c\u65b9\u6848\u660e\u786e\u533a\u5206\u7f16\u8bd1\u4f9d\u8d56\u3001\u6a21\u5757\u52a0\u8f7d\u3001\u89c4\u5219\u96c6\u96c6\u6210\u3001\u65e5\u5fd7\u8f93\u51fa\u683c\u5f0f\u548c\u6027\u80fd\u8bc4\u4f30，\u662f\u9762\u5411\u8fd0\u7ef4\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\u6307\u5bfc\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

\u4e00\u3001\u90e8\u7f72\u73af\u5883\u4e0e\u786c\u4ef6\u89c4\u683c<\/h3>\n

\u9996\u5148\u8bf4\u660e\u6d4b\u8bd5\u73af\u5883\u548c\u786c\u4ef6\u914d\u7f6e，\u8fd9\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u540e\u7eed\u6027\u80fd\u8bc4\u4f30\u4e0e\u5bb9\u91cf\u89c4\u5212\u3002<\/p>\n

1.1 \u9999\u6e2f\u670d\u52a1\u5668www.a5idc.com\u786c\u4ef6\u914d\u7f6e\u5bf9\u6bd4\u8868<\/h4>\n\n\u9879\u76ee\u6d4b\u8bd5\u673a\u914d\u7f6e A\u751f\u4ea7\u673a\u5efa\u8bae\u914d\u7f6e B<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
CPU \u578b\u53f7<\/td>\nIntel Xeon E5-2640 v4<\/td>\nIntel Xeon Silver 4216<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u6838\u5fc3\/\u7ebf\u7a0b<\/td>\n10 \u6838 \/ 20 \u7ebf\u7a0b<\/td>\n16 \u6838 \/ 32 \u7ebf\u7a0b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u5185\u5b58<\/td>\n32 GB DDR4<\/td>\n64 GB DDR4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u7f51\u7edc<\/td>\n1 Gbps BGP<\/td>\n1\u20135 Gbps BGP\/CN2 \u591a\u7ebf<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u5b58\u50a8<\/td>\n2 \u00d7 500 GB NVMe RAID1<\/td>\n2 \u00d7 1 TB NVMe RAID1\/RAID10<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf<\/td>\nUbuntu 22.04 LTS<\/td>\nUbuntu 22.04 LTS<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u8bf4\u660e：\u8868\u4e2d\u6d4b\u8bd5\u673a\u914d\u7f6e A \u662f\u6211\u5728\u5b9e\u9a8c\u73af\u5883\u7528\u4e8e\u521d\u6b65\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u3002\u751f\u4ea7\u673a\u5efa\u8bae\u914d\u7f6e B \u7528\u4e8e\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u9632\u62a4\u573a\u666f\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u9ad8\u6d41\u91cf\u7ad9\u70b9，\u7f51\u7edc\u5efa\u8bae\u91c7\u7528 BGP+CN2 \u6df7\u5408\u51fa\u53e3\u4ee5\u63d0\u5347\u56fd\u5185\u8bbf\u95ee\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

\u4e8c\u3001\u7cfb\u7edf\u51c6\u5907\u4e0e\u524d\u7f6e\u4f9d\u8d56<\/h3>\n

2.1 \u66f4\u65b0\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ca\u5b89\u88c5\u57fa\u7840\u5de5\u5177<\/h4>\n

\u5728 Ubuntu 22.04 \u4e0a\u6267\u884c：<\/p>\n

sudo<\/span> apt<\/span> update
\nsudo<\/span> apt<\/span> upgrade -y
\nsudo<\/span> apt<\/span> install<\/span> -y build-essential git<\/span> wget<\/span> unzip<\/span> \\\\<\/span>
\n libpcre3 libpcre3-dev zlib1g zlib1g-dev libssl-dev \\\\<\/span>
\n libxml2 libxml2-dev libyajl-dev<\/p>\n

\u8bf4\u660e：libyajl-dev \u662f ModSecurity v3 \u7684 JSON \u89e3\u6790\u4f9d\u8d56，libpcre3-dev\u3001zlib1g-dev\u3001libssl-dev \u5219\u662f Nginx \u7f16\u8bd1\u4f9d\u8d56\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

\u4e09\u3001\u5b89\u88c5 ModSecurity v3<\/h3>\n

3.1 \u83b7\u53d6\u4ee3\u7801<\/h4>\n

cd<\/span> \/usr\/local\/src
\ngit<\/span> clone –depth 1<\/span> https:\/\/github.com\/SpiderLabs\/ModSecurity
\ncd<\/span> ModSecurity
\ngit<\/span> submodule init
\ngit<\/span> submodule update<\/p>\n

3.2 \u7f16\u8bd1\u548c\u5b89\u88c5<\/h4>\n

.\/build.sh
\n.\/configure
\nmake<\/span> -j$(<\/span>nproc)<\/span><\/span>
\nsudo<\/span> make<\/span> install<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5b89\u88c5\u540e，ModSecurity \u5e93\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u653e\u5728 \/usr\/local\/modsecurity\u3002<\/p>\n

\u68c0\u67e5\u5b89\u88c5：<\/p>\n

\/usr\/local\/modsecurity\/bin\/modsec-util –version<\/p>\n

\n

\u56db\u3001\u5b89\u88c5 Nginx \u4e0e ModSecurity \u52a8\u6001\u6a21\u5757<\/h3>\n

4.1 \u83b7\u53d6 Nginx \u6e90\u7801<\/h4>\n

cd<\/span> \/usr\/local\/src
\nwget<\/span> http:\/\/nginx.org\/download\/nginx-1.24.0.tar.gz
\ntar<\/span> zxvf nginx-1.24.0.tar.gz<\/p>\n

4.2 \u83b7\u53d6 Nginx ModSecurity Connector<\/h4>\n

git<\/span> clone –depth 1<\/span> https:\/\/github.com\/SpiderLabs\/ModSecurity-nginx.git<\/p>\n

4.3 \u7f16\u8bd1 Nginx（\u542b ModSecurity \u6a21\u5757）<\/h4>\n

cd<\/span> nginx-1.24.0
\n.\/configure \\\\<\/span>
\n –with-compat \\\\<\/span>
\n –add-dynamic-module=<\/span>..<\/span>\/ModSecurity-nginx \\\\<\/span>
\n –with-http_ssl_module \\\\<\/span>
\n –with-http_v2_module
\nmake<\/span> -j$(<\/span>nproc)<\/span><\/span>
\nsudo<\/span> make<\/span> install<\/span><\/p>\n

\u8bf4\u660e：–with-compat \u5141\u8bb8\u751f\u6210\u901a\u7528\u52a8\u6001\u6a21\u5757\u3002<\/p>\n

4.4 \u914d\u7f6e\u52a8\u6001\u6a21\u5757\u52a0\u8f7d<\/h4>\n

\u5728 Nginx \u5168\u5c40\u914d\u7f6e \/etc\/nginx\/nginx.conf \u7b2c\u4e00\u884c\u52a0\u5165：<\/p>\n

load_module modules\/ngx_http_modsecurity_module.so;<\/p>\n

\n

\u4e94\u3001\u96c6\u6210 OWASP Core Rule Set（CRS）<\/h3>\n

OWASP CRS \u662f\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u96c6，\u5efa\u8bae\u7ed3\u5408\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u89c4\u5219\u4ee5\u517c\u987e\u5b89\u5168\u548c\u8bef\u62a5\u63a7\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n

5.1 \u4e0b\u8f7d Rule Set<\/h4>\n

cd<\/span> \/etc\/nginx
\nsudo<\/span> git<\/span> clone https:\/\/github.com\/coreruleset\/coreruleset.git
\ncd<\/span> coreruleset
\nsudo<\/span> mv<\/span> coreruleset crs-3.4.4<\/p>\n

5.2 \u57fa\u672c\u914d\u7f6e<\/h4>\n

\u5728 Nginx \u7684 modsecurity.conf \u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u89c4\u5219：<\/p>\n

cp<\/span> \/usr\/local\/modsecurity\/etc\/modsecurity.conf-recommended \/usr\/local\/modsecurity\/etc\/modsecurity.conf<\/p>\n

\u7f16\u8f91 modsecurity.conf：<\/p>\n

SecRuleEngine On
\nSecRequestBodyAccess On
\nSecResponseBodyAccess Off
\nInclude \/etc\/nginx\/coreruleset\/crs-3.4.4\/crs-setup.conf
\nInclude \/etc\/nginx\/coreruleset\/crs-3.4.4\/rules\/*.conf<\/p>\n

\n

\u516d\u3001Nginx \u4e2d\u6fc0\u6d3b WAF \u914d\u7f6e<\/h3>\n

6.1 Nginx \u7ad9\u70b9\u914d\u7f6e\u793a\u4f8b<\/h4>\n

\u5728\u7ad9\u70b9\u914d\u7f6e \/etc\/nginx\/conf.d\/my_site.conf \u4e2d：<\/p>\n

server {
\n listen 80;
\n server_name example.com;<\/p>\n

modsecurity on;
\n modsecurity_rules_file \/usr\/local\/modsecurity\/etc\/modsecurity.conf;<\/p>\n

location \/ {
\n proxy_pass http:\/\/127.0.0.1:8080;
\n proxy_set_header Host $host;
\n proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
\n proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
\n }
\n}<\/p>\n

\u8bf4\u660e：<\/p>\n

    \n
  • modsecurity on; \u542f\u7528\u9632\u62a4\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u6240\u6709\u89c4\u5219\u7531 modsecurity.conf \u96c6\u4e2d\u7ba1\u7406\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
    \n

    \u4e03\u3001\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e0e\u9a8c\u8bc1<\/h3>\n

    7.1 \u57fa\u672c\u89c4\u5219\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/h4>\n

    \u4f7f\u7528 curl \u6d4b\u8bd5 SQL \u6ce8\u5165\u6a21\u5f0f\u963b\u65ad：<\/p>\n

    curl<\/span> -s "http:\/\/example.com\/?id=1' OR '1'='1"<\/span> -o \/tmp\/test.log<\/p>\n

    \u68c0\u67e5 Nginx \u54cd\u5e94\u4ee3\u7801\u548c\u65e5\u5fd7：<\/p>\n

    tail<\/span> -n 100<\/span> \/usr\/local\/nginx\/logs\/error.log |<\/span> grep<\/span> ModSecurity<\/p>\n

    \n

    \u516b\u3001\u65e5\u5fd7\u683c\u5f0f\u4e0e\u544a\u8b66\u8bbe\u8ba1<\/h3>\n

    8.1 JSON \u683c\u5f0f\u65e5\u5fd7<\/h4>\n

    \u5728 modsecurity.conf \u672b\u5c3e\u542f\u7528：<\/p>\n

    SecAuditLogType Serial
    \nSecAuditLogFormat JSON
    \nSecAuditLog \/var\/log\/modsecurity\/audit.log<\/p>\n

    8.2 \u65e5\u5fd7\u5207\u5272\u4e0e\u76d1\u63a7\u96c6\u6210<\/h4>\n

    \u5efa\u8bae\u914d\u5408 Filebeat\/Fluentd \u63a8\u9001\u5230 ELK\/OSSEC\/\u4e91\u65e5\u5fd7\u5e73\u53f0，\u65b9\u4fbf\u6001\u52bf\u5206\u6790\u3002<\/p>\n

    \n

    \u4e5d\u3001\u6027\u80fd\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e0e\u8bc4\u4f30<\/h3>\n

    9.1 \u6027\u80fd\u5bf9\u6bd4\u6d4b\u8bd5（wrk 10 \u4e07\u5e76\u53d1）<\/h4>\n\n\u573a\u666fQPS (\u8bf7\u6c42\/\u79d2)\u5e73\u5747\u5ef6\u8fdf (ms)CPU \u5e73\u5747\u4f7f\u7528<\/tr>\n\n\n\n
    \u666e\u901a Nginx<\/td>\n15000<\/td>\n20<\/td>\n30%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Nginx + ModSecurity<\/td>\n9000<\/td>\n35<\/td>\n55%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

    \u6d4b\u8bd5\u53c2\u6570：wrk -t8 -c10000 -d60s http:\/\/example.com\/； QPS \u548c\u5ef6\u8fdf\u56e0\u89c4\u5219\u96c6\u6570\u91cf\u548c\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u6709\u6240\u5dee\u5f02\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u5982\u4e0a\u8868\u6240\u793a，\u542f\u7528 WAF \u4f1a\u5e26\u6765\u4e00\u5b9a\u6027\u80fd\u635f\u8017，\u4f46\u5728\u5408\u7406\u786c\u4ef6\u914d\u7f6e\u4e0b\u5b8c\u5168\u53ef\u63a7\u3002<\/p>\n

    \n

    \u5341\u3001\u8bef\u62a5\u63a7\u5236\u4e0e\u89c4\u5219\u8c03\u4f18<\/h3>\n

    10.1 \u8bef\u62a5\u793a\u4f8b\u548c\u5904\u7406<\/h4>\n

    \u5f53\u67d0\u4e9b\u6b63\u5e38\u8bf7\u6c42\u88ab\u62e6\u622a，\u53ef\u4f7f\u7528：<\/p>\n

    SecRuleRemoveById 981176<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u52a0\u5165\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u89c4\u5219\u9ed1\/\u767d\u540d\u5355：<\/p>\n

    SecRule REMOTE_ADDR "@ipMatch 203.0.113.0\/24" "id:1001,phase:1,ctl:ruleEngine=Off"<\/p>\n

    \n

    \u5341\u4e00\u3001\u603b\u7ed3\u4e0e\u5efa\u8bae<\/h3>\n

    \u901a\u8fc7A5\u6570\u636e\u4ee5\u4e0a\u6b65\u9aa4，\u6211\u6784\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a33\u5b9a\u4e14\u5177\u5907\u5b9e\u7528\u9632\u62a4\u80fd\u529b\u7684 Nginx+ModSecurity WAF \u4f53\u7cfb\u3002\u8be5\u65b9\u6848\u5f3a\u8c03：<\/p>\n

      \n
    • \u4f7f\u7528\u6700\u65b0 ModSecurity v3 \u548c\u52a8\u6001\u6a21\u5757，\u517c\u5bb9\u6027\u597d\u3002<\/li>\n
    • \u7ed3\u5408 OWASP CRS \u51cf\u5c11\u91cd\u590d\u89c4\u5219\u7ef4\u62a4\u3002<\/li>\n
    • \u65e5\u5fd7\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u8f93\u51fa\u4fbf\u4e8e\u5b89\u5168\u76d1\u63a7\u5e73\u53f0\u96c6\u6210\u3002<\/li>\n
    • \u6027\u80fd\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7ed3\u679c\u53ef\u91cf\u5316\u8bc4\u4f30 WAF \u5f15\u5165\u7684\u5f00\u9500\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      A5\u6570\u636e\u5efa\u8bae\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u9010\u6b65\u542f\u7528\u89c4\u5219，\u901a\u8fc7\u7070\u5ea6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3001\u767d\u540d\u5355\u673a\u5236\u4e0d\u65ad\u8c03\u6574，\u4ee5\u8fbe\u5230\u201c\u5b89\u5168\u4e0e\u53ef\u7528\u517c\u987e\u201d\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      \u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u8fd0\u7ef4\u548c\u67b6\u6784\u4f18\u5316\u4e2d，Web \u5e94\u7528\u9632\u706b\u5899（WAF）\u662f\u4fdd\u62a4 Web \u5e94\u7528\u514d\u53d7\u5e38\u89c1\u653b\u51fb（\u5982 SQL \u6ce8\u5165\u3001XSS\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u5305\u542b\u7b49）\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u7ec4\u4ef6\u3002A5\u6570\u636e\u672c\u6559\u7a0b\u57fa\u4e8e Ubuntu 22.04 LTS，\u5728\u9999\u6e2f\u4e91\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u73af\u5883\u4e0b，\u4ece\u786c\u4ef6\u89c4\u683c\u3001\u6a21\u5757\u4f9d\u8d56\u3001\u7f16\u8bd1\u5b89\u88c5\u5230\u89c4\u5219\u914d\u7f6e\u3001\u6027\u80fd\u8bc4\u4f30\u5168\u9762\u5c55\u5f00，\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u6784\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u751f\u4ea7\u7684 NginxModSecurity WAF \u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3002
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