{"id":62999,"date":"2026-01-21T05:25:57","date_gmt":"2026-01-20T21:25:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/62999.html"},"modified":"2026-01-21T05:25:57","modified_gmt":"2026-01-20T21:25:57","slug":"completablefuture%e5%ae%9e%e6%88%98%e6%8a%80%e5%b7%a7%e5%a4%a7%e6%8f%ad%e7%a7%98","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/62999.html","title":{"rendered":"CompletableFuture\u5b9e\u6218\u6280\u5de7\u5927\u63ed\u79d8"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4efd\u5173\u4e8e CompletableFuture \u5b9e\u6218\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u6307\u5357：<\/p>\n

\n

\u4e00\u3001\u6838\u5fc3\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f<\/h4>\n

1. \u5f02\u6b65\u4efb\u52a1\u94fe<\/h5>\n

CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() -> fetchDataFromDB()) \/\/ \u5f02\u6b65\u67e5\u8be2\u6570\u636e\u5e93
\n .thenApply(data -> processData(data)) \/\/ \u540c\u6b65\u5904\u7406\u6570\u636e
\n .thenAccept(result -> saveResultToCache(result)) \/\/ \u5f02\u6b65\u4fdd\u5b58\u7ed3\u679c
\n .exceptionally(ex -> handleError(ex)); \/\/ \u7edf\u4e00\u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406<\/p>\n

2. \u591a\u4efb\u52a1\u5e76\u884c\u805a\u5408<\/h5>\n

CompletableFuture<String> futureA = CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() -> callServiceA());
\nCompletableFuture<String> futureB = CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() -> callServiceB());<\/p>\n

CompletableFuture.allOf(futureA, futureB)
\n .thenApply(v -> combineResults(futureA.join(), futureB.join()))
\n .thenAccept(System.out::println);<\/p>\n

3. \u8d85\u65f6\u63a7\u5236<\/h5>\n

CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() -> longRunningTask())
\n .completeOnTimeout("fallback_value", 2, TimeUnit.SECONDS) \/\/ \u8d85\u65f6\u8fd4\u56de\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c
\n .thenAccept(System.out::println);<\/p>\n

\n

\u4e8c\u3001\u5e38\u89c1\u9677\u9631\u4e0e\u89c4\u907f<\/h4>\n
  • \n

    \u963b\u585e\u4e3b\u7ebf\u7a0b
    \n\u907f\u514d\u5728\u5f02\u6b65\u4efb\u52a1\u4e2d\u8c03\u7528 .join() \u6216 .get() \u963b\u585e\u4e3b\u7ebf\u7a0b，\u4f18\u5148\u4f7f\u7528\u56de\u8c03\u94fe\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    \u5f02\u5e38\u672a\u5904\u7406
    \n\u52a1\u5fc5\u901a\u8fc7 .exceptionally() \u6216 .handle() \u6355\u83b7\u5f02\u5e38：<\/p>\n

    .handle((result, ex) -> ex != null ? "error" : result)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    \u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u6ee5\u7528
    \n\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4f7f\u7528 ForkJoinPool.commonPool()，\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u573a\u666f\u9700\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60：<\/p>\n

    ExecutorService customPool = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(10);
    \nCompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() -> task(), customPool);<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    \n

    \u4e09\u3001\u9ad8\u9636\u4f18\u5316\u7b56\u7565<\/h4>\n

    1. \u7ec4\u5408\u4f9d\u8d56\u4efb\u52a1<\/h5>\n

    CompletableFuture<String> futureC = futureA.thenCompose(
    \n a -> CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() -> callServiceC(a))
    \n);<\/p>\n

    2. \u7ed3\u679c\u9009\u62e9\u5668<\/h5>\n

    CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() -> callServiceX())
    \n .applyToEither(
    \n CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() -> callServiceY()),
    \n firstResult -> firstResult \/\/ \u53d6\u6700\u5148\u54cd\u5e94\u7684\u7ed3\u679c
    \n );<\/p>\n

    3. \u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u56de\u8c03\u7ebf\u7a0b<\/h5>\n

    \u901a\u8fc7 thenApplyAsync \u6307\u5b9a\u540e\u7eed\u64cd\u4f5c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60：<\/p>\n

    .thenApplyAsync(result -> heavyComputation(result), customPool)<\/p>\n

    \n

    \u56db\u3001\u6027\u80fd\u76d1\u63a7<\/h4>\n
  • \u4f7f\u7528 CompletableFuture \u7684 .minimalCompletionStage() \u83b7\u53d6\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7\u89c6\u56fe<\/li>\n
  • \u7ed3\u5408 Micrometer \u76d1\u63a7\u4efb\u52a1\u8017\u65f6：<\/li>\n

    Metrics.timer("async_task").record(() -> future.join());<\/p>\n

    \n

    \u4e94\u3001\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\u603b\u7ed3<\/h4>\n
      \n
    • \u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u9694\u79bb：IO\u5bc6\u96c6\u578b\u4e0eCPU\u5bc6\u96c6\u578b\u4efb\u52a1\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60<\/li>\n
    • \u94fe\u5f0f\u62c6\u89e3：\u5355\u4e00\u804c\u8d23\u7684\u94fe\u5f0f\u8c03\u7528，\u907f\u514d\u8d85\u957f\u56de\u8c03\u94fe<\/li>\n
    • \u9632\u5fa1\u5f0f\u7f16\u7a0b：\u6240\u6709\u5f02\u6b65\u64cd\u4f5c\u5fc5\u987b\u5305\u542b\u8d85\u65f6\u548c\u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406<\/li>\n
    • \u8d44\u6e90\u91ca\u653e：\u5728 .whenComplete() \u4e2d\u5173\u95ed\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u7b49\u8d44\u6e90<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
      \n

      \u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7b56\u7565，\u53ef\u663e\u8457\u63d0\u5347\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u573a\u666f\u4e0b\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u901f\u5ea6\u548c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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