{"id":62844,"date":"2026-01-20T19:42:04","date_gmt":"2026-01-20T11:42:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/62844.html"},"modified":"2026-01-20T19:42:04","modified_gmt":"2026-01-20T11:42:04","slug":"python%e5%af%b9%e8%b1%a1%e7%9a%84%e8%87%aa%e7%9c%81%e6%9c%ba%e5%88%b6%ef%bc%9a%e6%b7%b1%e5%85%a5%e6%8e%a2%e7%b4%a2%e5%af%b9%e8%b1%a1%e7%9a%84%e5%86%85%e5%bf%83%e4%b8%96%e7%95%8c","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/62844.html","title":{"rendered":"Python\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u81ea\u7701\u673a\u5236\uff1a\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u7d22\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5185\u5fc3\u4e16\u754c"},"content":{"rendered":"<\/p>\n<h4>Python\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u81ea\u7701\u673a\u5236&#xff1a;\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u7d22\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5185\u5fc3\u4e16\u754c &#x1f575;\ufe0f\u200d\u2642\ufe0f<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>1. \u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u81ea\u7701&#xff1f;\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5b83\u5f88\u91cd\u8981&#xff1f;<\/li>\n<li>2. \u6838\u5fc3\u81ea\u7701\u5de5\u5177\u5927\u63ed\u79d8 &#x1f50d;<\/li>\n<li>\n<ul>\n<li>2.1 \u7c7b\u578b\u68c0\u67e5\u5bb6\u65cf<\/li>\n<li>2.2 \u5c5e\u6027\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e09\u5251\u5ba2<\/li>\n<li>2.3 \u6df1\u5165\u5bf9\u8c61\u5185\u90e8<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>3. \u9ad8\u7ea7\u81ea\u7701\u6280\u5de7 &#x1f680;<\/li>\n<li>\n<ul>\n<li>3.1 \u68c0\u67e5\u53ef\u8c03\u7528\u6027<\/li>\n<li>3.2 \u65b9\u6cd5\u89e3\u6790\u987a\u5e8f(MRO)<\/li>\n<li>3.3 \u7b7e\u540d\u68c0\u67e5<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>4. \u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u6848\u4f8b &#x1f6e0;\ufe0f<\/li>\n<li>\n<ul>\n<li>\u6848\u4f8b1&#xff1a;\u52a8\u6001\u63d2\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf<\/li>\n<li>\u6848\u4f8b2&#xff1a;\u667a\u80fdAPI\u54cd\u5e94\u5904\u7406<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>5. \u6027\u80fd\u8003\u8651 \u26a1<\/li>\n<li>6. \u603b\u7ed3 &#x1f4da;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>1. \u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u81ea\u7701&#xff1f;\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5b83\u5f88\u91cd\u8981&#xff1f;<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728Python\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u81ea\u7701(Introspection) 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0.8);}#mermaid-svg-pA85tSZhxhC9NAWr .edgeLabel rect{opacity:0.5;background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);fill:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);}#mermaid-svg-pA85tSZhxhC9NAWr .labelBkg{background-color:rgba(232, 232, 232, 0.5);}#mermaid-svg-pA85tSZhxhC9NAWr .cluster rect{fill:#ffffde;stroke:#aaaa33;stroke-width:1px;}#mermaid-svg-pA85tSZhxhC9NAWr .cluster text{fill:#333;}#mermaid-svg-pA85tSZhxhC9NAWr .cluster span{color:#333;}#mermaid-svg-pA85tSZhxhC9NAWr div.mermaidTooltip{position:absolute;text-align:center;max-width:200px;padding:2px;font-family:\\&#8221;trebuchet ms\\&#8221;,verdana,arial,sans-serif;font-size:12px;background:hsl(80, 100%, 96.2745098039%);border:1px solid #aaaa33;border-radius:2px;pointer-events:none;z-index:100;}#mermaid-svg-pA85tSZhxhC9NAWr .flowchartTitleText{text-anchor:middle;font-size:18px;fill:#333;}#mermaid-svg-pA85tSZhxhC9NAWr rect.text{fill:none;stroke-width:0;}#mermaid-svg-pA85tSZhxhC9NAWr .icon-shape,#mermaid-svg-pA85tSZhxhC9NAWr .image-shape{background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);text-align:center;}#mermaid-svg-pA85tSZhxhC9NAWr .icon-shape p,#mermaid-svg-pA85tSZhxhC9NAWr .image-shape p{background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);padding:2px;}#mermaid-svg-pA85tSZhxhC9NAWr .icon-shape rect,#mermaid-svg-pA85tSZhxhC9NAWr .image-shape rect{opacity:0.5;background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);fill:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);}#mermaid-svg-pA85tSZhxhC9NAWr .label-icon{display:inline-block;height:1em;overflow:visible;vertical-align:-0.125em;}#mermaid-svg-pA85tSZhxhC9NAWr .node .label-icon path{fill:currentColor;stroke:revert;stroke-width:revert;}#mermaid-svg-pA85tSZhxhC9NAWr :root{&#8211;mermaid-font-family:\\&#8221;trebuchet ms\\&#8221;,verdana,arial,sans-serif;}<\/p>\n<p>         <span class=\"edgeLabel\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p>         <span class=\"edgeLabel\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p>         <span class=\"edgeLabel\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p>         <span class=\"edgeLabel\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p>         <span class=\"edgeLabel\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p>         <span class=\"nodeLabel\"><\/p>\n<p>Python\u81ea\u7701\u673a\u5236<\/p>\n<p><\/span><\/p>\n<p>         <span class=\"nodeLabel\"><\/p>\n<p>\u7c7b\u578b\u68c0\u67e5<\/p>\n<p><\/span><\/p>\n<p>         <span class=\"nodeLabel\"><\/p>\n<p>\u5c5e\u6027\u8bbf\u95ee<\/p>\n<p><\/span><\/p>\n<p>         <span class=\"nodeLabel\"><\/p>\n<p>\u65b9\u6cd5\u8c03\u7528<\/p>\n<p><\/span><\/p>\n<p>         <span class=\"nodeLabel\"><\/p>\n<p>\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u67e5\u770b<\/p>\n<p><\/span><\/p>\n<p>         <span class=\"nodeLabel\"><\/p>\n<p>\u6587\u6863\u83b7\u53d6<\/p>\n<p><\/span><\/p>\n<h2>2. \u6838\u5fc3\u81ea\u7701\u5de5\u5177\u5927\u63ed\u79d8 &#x1f50d;<\/h2>\n<h3>2.1 \u7c7b\u578b\u68c0\u67e5\u5bb6\u65cf<\/h3>\n<table>\n<tr>\u51fd\u6570\/\u65b9\u6cd5\u63cf\u8ff0\u793a\u4f8b<\/tr>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>type()<\/td>\n<td>\u8fd4\u56de\u5bf9\u8c61\u7c7b\u578b<\/td>\n<td>type(42) \u2192 &lt;class &#039;int&#039;&gt;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>isinstance()<\/td>\n<td>\u68c0\u67e5\u5bf9\u8c61\u662f\u5426\u662f\u67d0\u7c7b\u6216\u5176\u5b50\u7c7b<\/td>\n<td>isinstance(3.14, float)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>issubclass()<\/td>\n<td>\u68c0\u67e5\u7c7b\u7ee7\u627f\u5173\u7cfb<\/td>\n<td>issubclass(bool, int)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u6ce8\u610f&#xff1a;isinstance()\u6bd4\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528type()\u66f4\u7075\u6d3b&#xff0c;\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u8003\u8651\u7ee7\u627f\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>2.2 \u5c5e\u6027\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e09\u5251\u5ba2<\/h3>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">class<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Wizard<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">def<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">__init__<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>self<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> name<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span><br \/>\n        self<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>name <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> name<br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">def<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">cast_spell<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>self<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">return<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;Abracadabra!&#034;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>gandalf <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> Wizard<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;Gandalf&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><\/p>\n<li>\n<p>dir() &#8211; \u5217\u51fa\u5bf9\u8c61\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u7528\u5c5e\u6027<\/p>\n<p> <span class=\"token keyword\">print<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token builtin\">dir<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>gandalf<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># \u8f93\u51fa: [&#039;__class__&#039;, &#039;__delattr__&#039;, &#8230;, &#039;cast_spell&#039;, &#039;name&#039;]<\/span>\n <\/li>\n<li>\n<p>hasattr() &#8211; \u68c0\u67e5\u5c5e\u6027\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728<\/p>\n<p> <span class=\"token builtin\">hasattr<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>gandalf<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#039;cast_spell&#039;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span>  <span class=\"token comment\"># True<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token builtin\">hasattr<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>gandalf<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#039;age&#039;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span>         <span class=\"token comment\"># False<\/span>\n <\/li>\n<li>\n<p>getattr()\/setattr() &#8211; \u52a8\u6001\u8bbf\u95ee\/\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5c5e\u6027<\/p>\n<p> spell <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token builtin\">getattr<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>gandalf<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#039;cast_spell&#039;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">print<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>spell<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span>  <span class=\"token comment\"># \u8f93\u51fa: Abracadabra!<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token builtin\">setattr<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>gandalf<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#039;age&#039;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">2019<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span>\n <\/li>\n<h3>2.3 \u6df1\u5165\u5bf9\u8c61\u5185\u90e8<\/h3>\n<p> \u6e32\u67d3\u9519\u8bef: Mermaid \u6e32\u67d3\u5931\u8d25: Parse error on line 3: &#8230; obj &#8211;&gt;|__class__| class[\u7c7b] class &#8211; &#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8211;^ Expecting &#039;AMP&#039;, &#039;COLON&#039;, &#039;DOWN&#039;, &#039;DEFAULT&#039;, &#039;NUM&#039;, &#039;COMMA&#039;, &#039;NODE_STRING&#039;, &#039;BRKT&#039;, &#039;MINUS&#039;, &#039;MULT&#039;, &#039;UNICODE_TEXT&#039;, got &#039;CLASS&#039;<\/p>\n<p>\u793a\u4f8b&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">print<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>gandalf<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>__dict__<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span>       <span class=\"token comment\"># {&#039;name&#039;: &#039;Gandalf&#039;, &#039;age&#039;: 2019}<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">print<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>Wizard<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>__module__<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span>      <span class=\"token comment\"># &#039;__main__&#039;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">print<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>Wizard<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>__doc__<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span>         <span class=\"token comment\"># None (\u9664\u975e\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u6587\u6863\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32)<\/span><\/p>\n<h2>3. \u9ad8\u7ea7\u81ea\u7701\u6280\u5de7 &#x1f680;<\/h2>\n<h3>3.1 \u68c0\u67e5\u53ef\u8c03\u7528\u6027<\/h3>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> inspect<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">def<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">greet<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>name<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token triple-quoted-string string\">&#034;&#034;&#034;\u53cb\u597d\u7684\u95ee\u5019\u51fd\u6570&#034;&#034;&#034;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">return<\/span> <span class=\"token string-interpolation\"><span class=\"token string\">f&#034;Hello, <\/span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span>name<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token string\">!&#034;<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">print<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token builtin\">callable<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>greet<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span>            <span class=\"token comment\"># True<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">print<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>inspect<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>isfunction<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>greet<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span>  <span class=\"token comment\"># True<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">print<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>inspect<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>getsource<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>greet<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span>   <span class=\"token comment\"># \u67e5\u770b\u51fd\u6570\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801<\/span><\/p>\n<h3>3.2 \u65b9\u6cd5\u89e3\u6790\u987a\u5e8f(MRO)<\/h3>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">class<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">A<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">pass<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">class<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">B<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>A<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">pass<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">class<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">C<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>A<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">pass<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">class<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">D<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>B<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> C<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">pass<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">print<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>D<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>mro<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># \u8f93\u51fa: [&lt;class &#039;__main__.D&#039;&gt;, &lt;class &#039;__main__.B&#039;&gt;, <\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token comment\">#        &lt;class &#039;__main__.C&#039;&gt;, &lt;class &#039;__main__.A&#039;&gt;, &lt;class &#039;object&#039;&gt;]<\/span><\/p>\n<h3>3.3 \u7b7e\u540d\u68c0\u67e5<\/h3>\n<p>sig <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> inspect<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>signature<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>greet<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">print<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>sig<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span>  <span class=\"token comment\"># (name)<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">print<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>sig<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>parameters<span class=\"token punctuation\">[<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#039;name&#039;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>kind<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span>  <span class=\"token comment\"># POSITIONAL_OR_KEYWORD<\/span><\/p>\n<h2>4. \u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u6848\u4f8b &#x1f6e0;\ufe0f<\/h2>\n<h3>\u6848\u4f8b1&#xff1a;\u52a8\u6001\u63d2\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf<\/h3>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\"># \u63d2\u4ef6\u57fa\u7c7b<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">class<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PluginBase<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">def<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">execute<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>self<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">raise<\/span> NotImplementedError<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\"># \u52a8\u6001\u52a0\u8f7d\u63d2\u4ef6<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">def<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">load_plugins<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span><br \/>\n    plugins <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">for<\/span> name <span class=\"token keyword\">in<\/span> os<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>listdir<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#039;plugins&#039;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">if<\/span> name<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>endswith<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#039;.py&#039;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span><br \/>\n            module_name <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token string-interpolation\"><span class=\"token string\">f&#039;plugins.<\/span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span>name<span class=\"token punctuation\">[<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span><span class=\"token format-spec\">-3]<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#039;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n            module <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> importlib<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>import_module<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>module_name<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token keyword\">for<\/span> attr <span class=\"token keyword\">in<\/span> <span class=\"token builtin\">dir<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>module<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span><br \/>\n                obj <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token builtin\">getattr<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>module<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> attr<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n                <span class=\"token keyword\">if<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token builtin\">isinstance<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>obj<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token builtin\">type<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">and<\/span><br \/>\n                    <span class=\"token builtin\">issubclass<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>obj<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> PluginBase<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">and<\/span><br \/>\n                    obj <span class=\"token keyword\">is<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">not<\/span> PluginBase<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span><br \/>\n                    plugins<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>append<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>obj<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">return<\/span> plugins<\/p>\n<h3>\u6848\u4f8b2&#xff1a;\u667a\u80fdAPI\u54cd\u5e94\u5904\u7406<\/h3>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">def<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">process_response<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>response<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">if<\/span> <span class=\"token builtin\">hasattr<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>response<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#039;json&#039;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">return<\/span> response<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>json<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">elif<\/span> <span class=\"token builtin\">hasattr<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>response<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#039;text&#039;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">return<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#039;data&#039;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span> response<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>text<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">elif<\/span> <span class=\"token builtin\">isinstance<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>response<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token builtin\">dict<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token builtin\">list<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">return<\/span> response<br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">else<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">return<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#039;error&#039;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#039;Unsupported response type&#039;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<h2>5. \u6027\u80fd\u8003\u8651 \u26a1<\/h2>\n<p>\u867d\u7136\u81ea\u7701\u975e\u5e38\u5f3a\u5927&#xff0c;\u4f46\u8fc7\u5ea6\u4f7f\u7528\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u6027\u80fd&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<li>dir() \u4f1a\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u5217\u8868&#xff0c;\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5927\u578b\u5bf9\u8c61\u53ef\u80fd\u8f83\u6162<\/li>\n<li>hasattr()\/getattr() \u6bd4\u76f4\u63a5\u8bbf\u95ee\u5c5e\u6027\u6162\u7ea63-5\u500d<\/li>\n<li>inspect\u6a21\u5757 \u7684\u51fd\u6570\u901a\u5e38\u6bd4\u5185\u7f6e\u51fd\u6570\u66f4\u8017\u8d44\u6e90<\/li>\n<p>\u5efa\u8bae&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5728\u70ed\u4ee3\u7801\u8def\u5f84\u4e2d\u7f13\u5b58\u81ea\u7701\u7ed3\u679c<\/li>\n<li>\u907f\u514d\u5728\u5faa\u73af\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u91cd\u590d\u81ea\u7701<\/li>\n<li>\u5bf9\u6027\u80fd\u5173\u952e\u90e8\u5206\u4f7f\u7528\u76f4\u63a5\u5c5e\u6027\u8bbf\u95ee<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>6. \u603b\u7ed3 &#x1f4da;<\/h2>\n<p>Python\u7684\u81ea\u7701\u673a\u5236\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u5bf9\u8c61\u68c0\u67e5\u80fd\u529b&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u662fPython\u52a8\u6001\u7279\u6027\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u4f53\u73b0\u3002\u5408\u7406\u4f7f\u7528\u81ea\u7701\u53ef\u4ee5&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u2705 \u6784\u5efa\u66f4\u7075\u6d3b\u7684\u4ee3\u7801 \u2705 \u5b9e\u73b0\u9ad8\u7ea7\u8c03\u8bd5\u5de5\u5177 \u2705 \u521b\u5efa\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u7684\u67b6\u6784 \u2705 \u7f16\u5199\u66f4\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u901a\u7528\u51fd\u6570<\/p>\n<p>\u8bb0\u4f4f&#xff1a;\u80fd\u529b\u8d8a\u5927&#xff0c;\u8d23\u4efb\u8d8a\u5927\u3002\u81ea\u7701\u867d\u597d&#xff0c;\u4f46\u4e5f\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u4f7f\u7528\u573a\u666f\u548c\u6027\u80fd\u5f71\u54cd&#xff01;<\/p>\n<p>  #mermaid-svg-LRdMPuwqVoFPgvLB{font-family:\\&#8221;trebuchet ms\\&#8221;,verdana,arial,sans-serif;font-size:16px;fill:#333;}@keyframes edge-animation-frame{from{stroke-dashoffset:0;}}@keyframes dash{to{stroke-dashoffset:0;}}#mermaid-svg-LRdMPuwqVoFPgvLB .edge-animation-slow{stroke-dasharray:9,5!important;stroke-dashoffset:900;animation:dash 50s linear infinite;stroke-linecap:round;}#mermaid-svg-LRdMPuwqVoFPgvLB .edge-animation-fast{stroke-dasharray:9,5!important;stroke-dashoffset:900;animation:dash 20s linear infinite;stroke-linecap:round;}#mermaid-svg-LRdMPuwqVoFPgvLB .error-icon{fill:#552222;}#mermaid-svg-LRdMPuwqVoFPgvLB .error-text{fill:#552222;stroke:#552222;}#mermaid-svg-LRdMPuwqVoFPgvLB .edge-thickness-normal{stroke-width:1px;}#mermaid-svg-LRdMPuwqVoFPgvLB .edge-thickness-thick{stroke-width:3.5px;}#mermaid-svg-LRdMPuwqVoFPgvLB .edge-pattern-solid{stroke-dasharray:0;}#mermaid-svg-LRdMPuwqVoFPgvLB .edge-thickness-invisible{stroke-width:0;fill:none;}#mermaid-svg-LRdMPuwqVoFPgvLB .edge-pattern-dashed{stroke-dasharray:3;}#mermaid-svg-LRdMPuwqVoFPgvLB .edge-pattern-dotted{stroke-dasharray:2;}#mermaid-svg-LRdMPuwqVoFPgvLB .marker{fill:#333333;stroke:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-LRdMPuwqVoFPgvLB .marker.cross{stroke:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-LRdMPuwqVoFPgvLB svg{font-family:\\&#8221;trebuchet ms\\&#8221;,verdana,arial,sans-serif;font-size:16px;}#mermaid-svg-LRdMPuwqVoFPgvLB p{margin:0;}#mermaid-svg-LRdMPuwqVoFPgvLB .pieCircle{stroke:#000000;stroke-width:2px;opacity:0.7;}#mermaid-svg-LRdMPuwqVoFPgvLB .pieOuterCircle{stroke:#000000;stroke-width:1px;fill:none;}#mermaid-svg-LRdMPuwqVoFPgvLB .pieTitleText{text-anchor:middle;font-size:25px;fill:#000000;font-family:\\&#8221;trebuchet ms\\&#8221;,verdana,arial,sans-serif;}#mermaid-svg-LRdMPuwqVoFPgvLB .slice{font-family:\\&#8221;trebuchet ms\\&#8221;,verdana,arial,sans-serif;fill:#000000;font-size:17px;}#mermaid-svg-LRdMPuwqVoFPgvLB .legend text{fill:#000000;font-family:\\&#8221;trebuchet ms\\&#8221;,verdana,arial,sans-serif;font-size:17px;}#mermaid-svg-LRdMPuwqVoFPgvLB :root{&#8211;mermaid-font-family:\\&#8221;trebuchet ms\\&#8221;,verdana,arial,sans-serif;}<\/p>\n<p>    35%<\/p>\n<p>    30%<\/p>\n<p>    20%<\/p>\n<p>    15%<\/p>\n<p>    \u81ea\u7701\u4f7f\u7528\u573a\u666f\u5206\u5e03<\/p>\n<p>     \u8c03\u8bd5\/\u5f00\u53d1<\/p>\n<p>     \u6846\u67b6\/\u5e93\u5f00\u53d1<\/p>\n<p>     \u52a8\u6001\u529f\u80fd<\/p>\n<p>     \u5176\u4ed6<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/20260120114202-696f6a0ae9bfb.jpg\" alt=\"Python\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u81ea\u7701\u673a\u5236&#xff1a;\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u7d22\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5185\u5fc3\u4e16\u754c &#x1f575;\ufe0f\u200d\u2642\ufe0f\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u5e0c\u671b\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u8ba8Python\u81ea\u7701\u673a\u5236\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u80fd\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u8fd0\u7528\u8fd9\u4e00\u5f3a\u5927\u7279\u6027&#xff01;Happy introspecting! &#x1f40d;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Python\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u81ea\u7701\u673a\u5236&#xff1a;\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u7d22\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5185\u5fc3\u4e16\u754c &#x1f575;\ufe0f\u200d\u2642\ufe0f1. \u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u81ea\u7701&#xff1f;\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5b83\u5f88\u91cd\u8981&#xff1f;2. \u6838\u5fc3\u81ea\u7701\u5de5\u5177\u5927\u63ed\u79d8 &#x1f50d;2.1 \u7c7b\u578b\u68c0\u67e5\u5bb6\u65cf2.2 \u5c5e\u6027\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e09\u5251\u5ba22.3 \u6df1\u5165\u5bf9\u8c61\u5185\u90e83. \u9ad8\u7ea7\u81ea\u7701\u6280\u5de7 &#x1f680;3.1 \u68c0\u67e5\u53ef\u8c03\u7528\u60273.2 \u65b9\u6cd5\u89e3\u6790\u987a\u5e8f(MRO)3.3 \u7b7e\u540d\u68c0\u67e54. \u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u6848\u4f8b &#x1f6e0;\ufe0f\u6848\u4f8b1&#xff1a;\u52a8\u6001\u63d2\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u6848\u4f8b2&#xff1a;\u667a\u80fdAPI\u54cd\u5e94\u5904\u74065<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":62843,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[81,190,125,427],"topic":[],"class_list":["post-62844","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-server","tag-python","tag-190","tag-125","tag-427"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v20.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ 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