{"id":62732,"date":"2026-01-20T16:26:20","date_gmt":"2026-01-20T08:26:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/62732.html"},"modified":"2026-01-20T16:26:20","modified_gmt":"2026-01-20T08:26:20","slug":"%e3%80%90linux-%e7%bd%91%e7%bb%9c%e3%80%91%e8%b0%81%e6%87%82%e5%95%8a%ef%bc%81%e6%90%9e%e6%87%82-tcp-%e4%b9%8b%e5%90%8e%ef%bc%8c%e7%bd%91%e7%bb%9c%e5%bb%b6%e8%bf%9f%e9%83%bd%e5%8f%98%e9%a1%ba%e7%9c%bc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/62732.html","title":{"rendered":"\u3010Linux \u7f51\u7edc\u3011\u8c01\u61c2\u554a\uff01\u641e\u61c2 TCP \u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u7f51\u7edc\u5ef6\u8fdf\u90fd\u53d8\u987a\u773c\u4e86\uff08\u2160\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"\u200b\u200b\u200b\u200b\u200b\u200b\u200b<\/h2>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u8ba4\u8bc6 TCP \u7684\u62a5\u6587<\/h2>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

TCP \u5982\u4f55\u5c06\u62a5\u5934\u548c\u6709\u6548\u8f7d\u8377\u5206\u79bb？<\/p>\n

\u7b54：TCP \u4e0d\u5305\u542b\u9009\u9879\u7684\u8bdd，\u56fa\u5b9a\u5927\u5c0f\u662f 20 \u4e2a\u5b57\u8282，\u5269\u4e0b\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u6709\u6548\u8f7d\u8377，\u5982\u679c\u5305\u542b\u9009\u9879，\u90a3\u4e48\u5c31\u8981\u770b 4 \u4f4d\u9996\u90e8\u957f\u5ea6，4\u4e2a\u6bd4\u7279\u4f4d\u7684\u8f6c\u6362\u6210 10 \u673a\u5236\u53d6\u503c\u4e3a：\u30100，15\u3011，TCP \u7ea6\u5b9a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53d6\u503c\u7684\u5355\u4f4d\u662f4\u5b57\u8282，\u6240\u4ee5\u6240\u4ee5 TCP \u62a5\u5934\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u53d6\u503c\u4e3a：\u301020，60\u3011\u5b57\u8282；\u90a3\u4e48\u6709\u6548\u8f7d\u8377\u7684\u5927\u5c0f =\u00a0 \u62a5\u6587\u5927\u5c0f – TCP \u62a5\u5934\u5927\u5c0f，\u6b64\u65f6\u5c31\u80fd\u5b9e\u73b0\u62a5\u5934\u548c\u6709\u6548\u8f7d\u8377\u5206\u79bb；\u56e0\u4e3a TCP \u662f\u9762\u5411\u5b57\u8282\u6d41\u7684，\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5173\u5fc3\u62a5\u6587\u662f\u5426\u5b8c\u6574，\u53ea\u5173\u5fc3\u62a5\u5934\u5b8c\u6574\u5c31\u884c，\u6240\u4ee5 TCP \u4e0d\u5305\u542b\u6574\u4e2a\u62a5\u6587\u7684\u957f\u5ea6；<\/p>\n

TCP \u53ef\u9760\u6027\u95ee\u9898？<\/p>\n

\u7b54：\u56e0\u4e3a TCP \u53d1\u9001\u8bf7\u6c42，\u5982\u679c\u5bf9\u65b9\u6ca1\u6709\u56de\u7b54，\u90a3\u4e48\u5c31\u65e0\u6cd5\u4fdd\u8bc1\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u662f\u5426\u88ab\u5bf9\u65b9\u6536\u5230，\u6240\u4ee5\u53ea\u8981\u5bf9\u65b9\u5e94\u7b54\u8bf7\u6c42，\u5c31\u80fd\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5386\u53f2\u62a5\u6587\u90fd\u80fd\u88ab\u5bf9\u65b9\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u4e86；<\/p>\n

\u7ed3\u8bba：\u786e\u8ba4\u5e94\u7b54，\u4fdd\u8bc1TCP\u7684\u53ef\u9760\u6027；<\/p>\n

\u7ec6\u8282：<\/p>\n

1.\u8bf7\u6c42 VS\u00a0 \u00a0\u5e94\u7b54：\u6d88\u606f ！= \u5e94\u7b54，\u6d88\u606f\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u7528\u6237\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u5185\u5bb9，\u5e94\u7b54\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5355\u7eaf\u7684\u5e94\u7b54；<\/p>\n

2.TCP \u4e0d\u662f\u8981\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5e94\u7b54\u7684\u53ef\u9760\u6027，\u4fdd\u8bc1\u7684\u6d88\u606f\u7684\u53ef\u9760\u6027；<\/p>\n

3.\u5e94\u7b54\u65b9\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u5e94\u7b54\u5bf9\u65b9\u662f\u5426\u6536\u5230，\u4f46\u662f\u53d1\u9001\u65b9，\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u6536\u5230\u5bf9\u65b9\u7684\u5e94\u7b54\u662f\u80fd\u786e\u5b9a\u7684；<\/p>\n

4.\u6536\u5230\u5e94\u7b54\u672c\u8d28\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5386\u53f2\u6d88\u606f\u7684\u53ef\u9760\u6027；<\/p>\n

\u7ed3\u8bba：\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728 100% \u53ef\u9760\u7684\u534f\u8bae，TCP \u4fdd\u8bc1\u7684\u88ab\u5e94\u7b54\u7684\u62a5\u6587100%\u53ef\u9760；<\/p>\n

1）\u5e8f\u53f7\u548c\u786e\u8ba4\u5e8f\u53f7<\/h3>\n

TCP \u53d1\u9001\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42，\u6536\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e94\u7b54，\u8fd9\u662f\u4e32\u884c\u7684，\u5bfc\u81f4\u6548\u7387\u4f4e\u4e0b，\u5f53\u7136\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f TCP \u7684\u5e38\u89c4\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e4b\u4e00，\u4f46\u662f TCP \u4e00\u822c\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u6a21\u5f0f\u662f，\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u53d1\u9001\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u591a\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42，\u4f8b\u5982：\u53d1\u9001 3 \u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42，\u90a3\u4e48\u5c31\u8981\u6536\u5230 3 \u4e2a\u5e94\u7b54，\u8fd9\u5c31\u5728\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u91cd\u53e0，\u8fdb\u800c\u63d0\u5347\u6548\u7387；\u6ce8\u610f\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u5e94\u7b54\u7528\u6237\u4e0d\u53c2\u4e0e\u800c\u662f OS \u4e3b\u52a8\u5b8c\u6210\u7684（OS \u7684\u5e94\u7b54\u662f\u53ea\u6709\u62a5\u5934\u6ca1\u6709\u6570\u636e\u7684）；<\/p>\n

TCP \u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u9760\u6027：TCP \u5047\u8bbe\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u53d1\u9001 3 \u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42，\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9 3 \u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e00\u5b9a\u662f\u6309\u987a\u5e8f\u5230\u8fbe\u76ee\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u7684\u5417？\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a，\u6240\u4ee5\u62a5\u6587\u5c31\u4e0d\u53ef\u9760，\u6240\u4ee5 TCP \u7ed9\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u5e8f\u53f7，\u6309\u53d1\u9001\u987a\u5e8f\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f，\u63a5\u6536\u65b9\u6536\u5230\u6240\u6709\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e4b\u540e\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f，\u6240\u4ee5\u8fd9\u5c31\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4e86\u8bf7\u6c42\u6309\u5e8f\u5230\u7b54；\u4f46\u662f，\u8fd9\u5c31\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898，\u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u4e2a 3 \u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u5e8f\u53f7\u4e3a：100\u3001200\u3001300，\u63a5\u6536\u65b9\u76f4\u6536\u5230\u4e86 100 \u548c 300 ，200 \u4e22\u5305\u4e86，\u6240\u4ee5 TCP \u5e94\u7b54\u65f6，\u4f1a\u5f04\u4e2a\u786e\u8ba4\u5e8f\u53f7，\u786e\u8ba4\u5e8f\u53f7\u7684\u503c\u548c\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u5e8f\u53f7\u7684\u503c\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837，\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u7684：200 \u5e8f\u53f7\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e22\u4e86，\u90a3\u4e48\u5e94\u7b54\u662f100\u5e8f\u53f7\u7684\u786e\u8ba4\u5e8f\u53f7\u4e3a 101 ，300 \u5e8f\u53f7\u7684\u786e\u8ba4\u5e8f\u53f7\u4e3a 301 ，\u786e\u8ba4\u5e8f\u53f7\u542b\u4e49（ack_seq）：\u8be5\u6570\u5b57\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u62a5\u6587\u5df2\u7ecf\u5168\u90e8\u6536\u5230，\u4e0b\u6b21\u53d1\u9001\u8bf7\u4ece ack_seq \u5f00\u59cb\u53d1\u9001，\u4f8b\u5982：101\u786e\u8ba4\u5e8f\u53f7：\u5df2\u7ecf\u6536\u5230\u5e8f\u53f7\u4e3a100\u7684\u5e8f\u53f7，\u4f46\u662f\u4e0b\u6b21\u53d1\u9001\u8bf7\u4ece 101 \u5e8f\u53f7\u5f00\u59cb\u53d1；\u6b64\u65f6 100 \u548c 300 \u7684\u786e\u8ba4\u5e8f\u53f7 OS \u4f1a\u5e94\u7b54\u786e\u8ba4\u5e8f\u53f7\u503c\u6700\u5c0f\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f 101 ，\u8868\u660e\u540e\u9762 200 \u548c 300 \u7684\u5e8f\u53f7\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u62a5\u6587\u6ca1\u6709\u6536\u5230；<\/p>\n

\u771f\u5b9e\u60c5\u51b5（\u9762\u8bd5\u9898）：\u9996\u5148：\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5411\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53d1\u8d77\u8bf7\u6c42，\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u5305\u542b\u62a5\u5934 + \u6570\u636e，\u6b64\u65f6\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6536\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6761\u62a5\u6587\u4e4b\u540e，OS \u5c31\u6709\u5e94\u7b54，\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5e94\u7b54\u4e0d\u662f\u7528\u6237\u5e94\u7b54，\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5e94\u7b54\u53ea\u6709\u62a5\u5934（\u62a5\u5934\u91cc\u9762\u6709\u5e8f\u53f7\u548c\u786e\u8ba4\u5e8f\u53f7），\u6ca1\u6709\u6570\u636e，OS \u505a\u51fa\u5e94\u7b54\u672c\u8d28\u662f\u7ed9\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684 OS \u8bf4：\u6211\u5df2\u7ecf\u6536\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5e94\u7b54\u4e86；\u90fd\u662f\u6b64\u65f6\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u7684\u7528\u6237\u53d1\u8d77\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u62a5\u6587（\u542b\u62a5\u5934 + \u6570\u636e），\u90a3\u4e48 OS \u518d\u53d1\u9001\u8fd9\u4e2a\u62a5\u6587，\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u6548\u7387\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u6162\u7684；\u6240\u4ee5 OS \u7684\u5e94\u7b54 \u548c \u7528\u6237\u53d1\u9001\u7684\u62a5\u6587\u5408\u5e76\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u62a5\u6587\u53d1\u9001\u7ed9\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef，\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u5927\u5927\u63d0\u5347\u4e86\u901a\u4fe1\u6548\u7387；\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u79f0\u4e3a：\u634e\u5e26\u5e94\u7b54；\u6240\u4ee5：\u7ed3\u8bba\u662f：\u4e00\u4e2a\u62a5\u6587\u5373\u662f\u5bf9\u4e0a\u4e00\u4e2a\u62a5\u6587\u7684\u786e\u8ba4（\u786e\u8ba4\u5e8f\u53f7），\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u62a5\u6587（\u5e8f\u53f7）；\u6240\u4ee5 TCP \u7684\u62a5\u5934\u91cc\u9762\u540c\u65f6\u5b58\u5728\u5e8f\u53f7\u548c\u786e\u8ba4\u5e8f\u53f7；<\/p>\n

\u6ce8\u610f：ack_seq \u4e0d\u662f\u5bf9\u4e00\u4e2a\u62a5\u6587\u505a\u786e\u8ba4，\u662f\u5bf9\u5386\u53f2\u62a5\u6587\u505a\u786e\u8ba4；<\/p>\n

2）16 \u4f4d\u7a97\u53e3\u5927\u5c0f<\/h3>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u56e0\u4e3a TCP \u901a\u4fe1\u65f6，\u4f8b\u5982：\u4e3b\u673a A \u5411 \u4e3b\u673a B \u53d1\u8d77\u6d88\u606f（\u62a5\u6587），\u6b64\u65f6\u5982\u679c B \u4e3b\u673a\u7684\u63a5\u6536\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u6ee1\u4e86，\u5c31\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u8fd9\u4e2a\u62a5\u6587\u76f4\u63a5\u4e22\u5305，\u8fd9\u662f\u53d8\u76f8\u7684\u6d6a\u8d39\u8d44\u6e90（\u7535\u529b\u3001\u8def\u7531\u7b97\u529b），\u6240\u4ee5\u4e3a\u4e86\u9632\u6b62（\u4e0d\u80fd\u675c\u7edd，\u53ea\u80fd\u63a7\u5236）\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5，\u4e3b\u673a A \u5fc5\u987b\u77e5\u9053\u4e3b\u673a B \u7684\u63a5\u6536\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u5927\u5c0f；\u4e24\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898：\u600e\u4e48\u8861\u91cf\u5bf9\u65b9\u7684\u63a5\u6536\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u2014\u2014\u901a\u8fc7\u63a5\u6536\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u7684\u5269\u4f59\u7a7a\u95f4\u5927\u5c0f\u8861\u91cf，\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7a7a\u95f4\u5927\u5c0f\u586b\u5199\u5230\u62a5\u5934\u7684 16 \u4f4d\u7a97\u53e3\u4e2d；\u600e\u4e48\u77e5\u9053\u5bf9\u65b9 16 \u4f4d\u7a97\u53e3\u2014\u2014\u5bf9\u65b9\u8fdb\u884c\u634e\u5e26\u5e94\u7b54\u65f6，\u6b64\u65f6\u8fd9\u4e2a\u62a5\u5934\u662f\u6709\u5bf9\u65b9\u7684 16 \u4f4d\u7a97\u53e3\u5927\u5c0f\u7684（\u63a5\u6536\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u7684\u5269\u4f59\u7a7a\u95f4\u5927\u5c0f）；<\/p>\n

\u6839\u636e 16 \u4f4d\u7a97\u53e3\u5927\u5c0f，\u8c03\u6574\u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e\u901f\u7387\u7684\u673a\u5236\u79f0\u4e3a：\u6d41\u91cf\u63a7\u5236.<\/p>\n

\u7ec6\u82821：\u6d41\u91cf\u63a7\u5236\u662f\u53cc\u5411\u7684（\u5982\u679c\u662f\u5355\u9009\u53d1\u9001\u7684，\u5c31\u53ea\u505a\u5355\u9009\u6d41\u91cf\u63a7\u5236）；<\/p>\n

\u7ec6\u82822：16 \u4f4d\u7a97\u53e3\u5927\u5c0f\u586b\u5199\u7684\u662f\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u63a5\u6536\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u7684\u5269\u4f59\u7a7a\u95f4\u5927\u5c0f；<\/p>\n

\u7ec6\u82823：\u5982\u679c\u5bf9\u65b9\u7684\u63a5\u6536\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u975e\u5e38\u5927，\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u591a\u53d1\u6570\u636e\u6765\u63d0\u5347\u6548\u7387，\u6240\u4ee5\u6d41\u91cf\u63a7\u5236\u5373\u505a\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u4e5f\u517c\u987e\u6548\u7387\u95ee\u9898；<\/p>\n

3）\u6807\u5fd7\u4f4d<\/h3>\n

\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u6807\u5fd7\u4f4d？<\/p>\n

\u7b54：\u5c31\u662fOS\u4e2d TCP \u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u4e2d\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u4f4d\u6bb5\u4e2d\u7684\u6bd4\u7279\u4f4d，\u5176\u5b9e\u5c31\u662f：0（\u65e0\u6548）or 1（\u6709\u6548），<\/p>\n

\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u6709\u6807\u5fd7\u4f4d？<\/p>\n

\u7b54：\u5982\u679c\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8bbf\u95ee\u670d\u52a1\u7aef，\u6b64\u65f6\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u5c31\u6709\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u62a5\u6587，\u4f8b\u5982：\u6b63\u5728\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u3001\u6b63\u5728\u65ad\u5f00\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u3001\u6b63\u5e38\u7684\u62a5\u6587\u3001\u5e94\u7b54\u62a5\u6587\u7b49\u7b49，\u4e3a\u4e86\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u533a\u5206\u8fd9\u4e9b\u62a5\u6587，\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\u6807\u5fd7\u4f4d\u6765\u533a\u5206\u62a5\u6587\u7684\u7c7b\u578b；\u7c7b\u578b\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u62a5\u6587\u662f\u7528\u6765\u5e72\u561b\u7684；<\/p>\n

\u6807\u5fd7\u4f4d\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b：<\/p>\n

URG:\u7d27\u6025\u6307\u9488\u662f\u5426\u6709\u6548，\u8be5\u62a5\u6587\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u786e\u8ba4\u62a5\u6587！\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b，TCP \u7684\u62a5\u6587\u90fd\u662f\u634e\u5e26\u62a5\u6587，\u6240\u4ee5\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7684 ACK \u90fd\u7f6e\u4e3a 1；<\/p>\n

ACK：\u786e\u8ba4\u53f7\u662f\u5426\u6709\u6548<\/p>\n

PSH：\u63d0\u793a\u63a5\u6536\u7aef\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7acb\u523b\u4eceTCP\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u628a\u6570\u636e\u8bfb\u8d70<\/p>\n

RST:\u5bf9\u65b9\u8981\u6c42\u91cd\u65b0\u5efa\u7acb\u8fde\u63a5；\u6211\u4eec\u628a\u643a\u5e26RST\u6807\u8bc6\u7684\u79f0\u4e3a\u590d\u4f4d\u62a5\u6587\u6bb5<\/p>\n

SYN：\u8bf7\u6c42\u5efa\u7acb\u8fde\u63a5；\u6211\u4eec\u628a\u643a\u5e26SYN\u6807\u8bc6\u7684\u79f0\u4e3a\u540c\u6b65\u62a5\u6587\u6bb5<\/p>\n

FIN：\u901a\u77e5\u5bf9\u65b9，\u672c\u7aef\u8981\u5173\u95ed\u4e86，\u6211\u4eec\u79f0\u643a\u5e26FIN\u6807\u8bc6\u7684\u4e3a\u7ed3\u675f\u62a5\u6587\u6bb5<\/p>\n

Tcp \u662f\u9762\u5411\u5efa\u7acb\u8fde\u63a5\u7684，\u901a\u4fe1\u4e4b\u524d\u5148\u8fdb\u884c\u4e09\u6b21\u63e1\u624b\u8fdb\u884c\u5efa\u7acb\u8fde\u63a5：<\/p>\n

\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u4e09\u6b21\u63e1\u624b？<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5411\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u53d1\u9001\u8bf7\u6c42\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u62a5\u6587，\u8fd9\u4e2a\u62a5\u6587\u7684\u6807\u5fd7\u4f4d\u6709：SYN（\u5c31\u662f\u628a SYN \u7f6e\u4e3a 1，\u5176\u4f59\u6807\u5fd7\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4e3a 0），\u6b64\u65f6\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u6536\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u62a5\u6587\u4e5f\u7ed9\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53d1\u7ed9\u4e86\u62a5\u6587（\u5c31\u662f\u5e94\u7b54），\u8fd9\u4e2a\u62a5\u6587\u7684\u6807\u5fd7\u4e3a\u6709：SYN \u3001ACK，\u610f\u601d\u662f\u8bf4：\u6211\u540c\u610f\u5e76\u4e14\u6211\u4e5f\u8981\u548c\u4f60\u8fdb\u884c\u8fde\u63a5，\u6b64\u65f6\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u6536\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u62a5\u6587\u4e4b\u540e，\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u5e94\u7b54\u62a5\u6587\u7684\u6807\u5fd7\u6709：ACK，\u610f\u601d\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4：\u597d\u7684；<\/p>\n

\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u5efa\u7acb\u4e09\u6b21\u63e1\u624b？<\/p>\n

\u7b54：\u4ee5\u6700\u77ed\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u5185，\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u548c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8fdb\u884c\u901a\u4fe1\u8ba4\u8bc6；<\/p>\n

\u56db\u6b21\u6325\u624b：<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

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\u56e0\u4e3a\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u5e94\u7b54\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684 FIN \u65f6\u4e5f\u8981\u548c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8fdb\u884c FIN ，\u6240\u4ee5\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u7684\u5e94\u7b54 ACK \u548c\u53d1\u8d77 FIN \u7684\u62a5\u6587\u53ef\u4ee5\u5408\u5e76\u79f0\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u62a5\u6587（\u634e\u5e26\u5e94\u7b54），\u6240\u4ee5\u8bf4 3 \u6b21\u6325\u624b\u4e5f\u884c；<\/p>\n

\u6ce8\u610f：\u4e09\u6b21\u63e1\u624b\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u4e5f\u662f\u56db\u6b21\u63e1\u624b，\u53ea\u4e0d\u8fc7\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u548c\u7b2c\u4e09\u6b21\u5f80\u5f80\u88ab\u634e\u5e26\u5e94\u7b54\u4e86；<\/p>\n

\u5982\u679c\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u7684\u63a5\u6536\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u6ee1\u4e86，\u6b64\u65f6\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5c31\u53ea\u80fd\u7b49\u4e00\u4f1a\u518d\u53d1\u9001\u62a5\u6587，\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u600e\u4e48\u77e5\u9053\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u7684\u63a5\u6536\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u5019\u6709\u5269\u4f59\u7a7a\u95f4，\u6240\u4ee5\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5c31\u7ed9\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u53d1\u9001\u8be2\u95ee\u62a5\u5934，\u6b64\u65f6\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u5c31\u53d1\u9001\u62a5\u6587\u544a\u8bc9\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u5269\u4f59\u7a7a\u95f4，\u6b64\u65f6\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4e00\u5728\u53d1\u9001\u8be2\u95ee\u62a5\u5934，\u53d1\u7684\u4e0d\u8010\u70e6\u4e86，\u5c31\u53d1\u9001\u4e00\u4e2a\u643a\u5e26\u6807\u5fd7\u4e3a PSH \u7684\u62a5\u6587\u7ed9\u670d\u52a1\u7aef，\u8ba9\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u5feb\u901f\u8ba9\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u628a\u4f60\u7684\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u91cc\u9762\u7684\u6570\u636e\u62ff\u8d70；<\/p>\n

\u7ec6\u8282：PSH \u6807\u5fd7\u5373\u4f7f\u5bf9\u65b9\u6709\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e5f\u80fd\u88ab\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8be5\u6807\u5fd7，\u4f8b\u5982：xshell \u7684\u547d\u4ee4<\/p>\n

\u7ec6\u8282：\u600e\u4e48\u8ba9\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u5feb\u901f\u62ff\u8d70\u6570\u636e，\u5f53\u7136\u3002\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u6709\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0，\u6211\u5c31\u4e0d\u62ff，\u4f60\u4e5f\u62ff\u6211\u6ca1\u529e\u6cd5，\u6240\u4ee5\u6b64\u65f6 PSH \u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u5c31\u662f\u5524\u9192\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u7684\u8bfb\u7aef\u8fdb\u7a0b；<\/p>\n

\u91cd\u5f39\u4e09\u6b21\u63e1\u624b：<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

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\u4e8c\u3001\u8d85\u65f6\u91cd\u4f20\u673a\u5236<\/h2>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u95ee\u9898：\u6211\u53d1\u7684\u62a5\u6587，\u4f60\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u6536\u5230，\u6211\u77e5\u9053\u5417？<\/p>\n

\u7b54：\u6211\u6536\u5230\u5e94\u7b54，\u5bf9\u65b9100%\u6536\u5230\u4e86\u6211\u53d1\u7684\u62a5\u6587；<\/p>\n

\u95ee\u9898：\u6211\u53d1\u7684\u62a5\u6587\u4e22\u5931\u4e86，\u6211\u77e5\u9053\u5417？<\/p>\n

\u7b54：\u4e22\u5305\u53ea\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5：a.\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e22\u5931，b.\u5e94\u7b54\u4e22，\u4e24\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u540c\u65f6\u53d1\u751f；\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u53d1\u7684\u62a5\u6587\u4e22\u5931\u6211\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053，\u6240\u4ee5 TCP \u7ea6\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4，\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u5bf9\u65b9\u8fd4\u56de\u5e94\u7b54，\u6211\u5c31\u80fd\u786e\u8ba4\u5e94\u7b54，\u4f46\u662f\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u6536\u5230\u5e94\u7b54，\u6211\u4eec\u5224\u5b9a\u8d85\u65f6（\u4e0d\u53eb\u5224\u5b9a\u4e22\u5305），\u91cd\u65b0\u53d1\u9001\u8bf7\u6c42；\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u7ec6\u82821：\u62a5\u6587\u6ca1\u4e22，\u5e94\u7b54\u4e22\u4e86？<\/p>\n

\u7b54：\u91cd\u4f20\u5bfc\u81f4\u53d1\u9001\u7684\u62a5\u6587\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u91cd\u590d，\u56e0\u4e3a\u6709\u5e8f\u53f7\u53bb\u91cd；<\/p>\n

\u7ec6\u82822：\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ea6\u5b9a\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u662f\u591a\u5c11？<\/p>\n

\u7b54：\u8d85\u65f6\u65f6\u95f4\u592a\u957f\u5bfc\u81f4：\u8bf7\u6c42\u65b9\u53d1\u9001\u7684\u6548\u7387\u964d\u4f4e；\u65f6\u95f4\u592a\u77ed\u5bfc\u81f4：\u8bef\u5224，\u5bfc\u81f4\u91cd\u4f20\u673a\u5236\u88ab\u9ad8\u9891\u7684\u89e6\u53d1；\u53c8\u56e0\u4e3a\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u901a\u7545\u7a0b\u5ea6\u662f\u6d6e\u52a8\u7684，\u6240\u4ee5：<\/p>\n

Linux\u4e2d（BSD Unix\u548cWindows\u4e5f\u662f\u5982\u6b64），\u8d85\u65f6\u4ee5500ms\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5355\u4f4d\u8fdb\u884c\u63a7\u5236，\u6bcf\u6b21\u5224\u5b9a\u8d85\u65f6\u91cd\u7684\u8d85\u65f6\u65f6\u95f4\u90fd\u662f500ms\u7684\u6574\u6570\u500d，\u5982\u679c\u91cd\u53d1\u4e00\u6b21\u4e4b\u540e，\u4ecd\u7136\u5f97\u4e0d\u5230\u5e94\u7b54，\u7b49\u5f852*500ms\u540e\u518d\u8fdb\u884c\u91cd\u4f20.\u5982\u679c\u4ecd\u7136\u5f97\u4e0d\u5230\u5e94\u7b54，\u7b49\u5f854*500ms\u8fdb\u884c\u91cd\u4f20，\u4f9d\u6b21\u7c7b\u63a8，\u4ee5\u6307\u6570\u5f62\u5f0f\u9012\u589e.\u7d2f\u8ba1\u5230\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u91cd\u4f20\u6b21\u6570，TCP\u8ba4\u4e3a\u7f51\u7edc\u6216\u8005\u5bf9\u7aef\u4e3b\u673a\u51fa\u73b0\u5f02\u5e38，\u5f3a\u5236\u5173\u95ed\u8fde\u63a5\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e09\u3001\u8fde\u63a5\u7ba1\u7406\u673a\u5236<\/h2>\n

TCP \u901a\u4fe1\u4e4b\u524d，\u8fdb\u884c\u4e09\u6b21\u63e1\u624b；<\/p>\n

connect \u53d1\u8d77\u4e09\u6b21\u63e1\u624b，\u8fd9\u4e09\u6b21\u63e1\u624b\u7531\u53cc\u65b9\u7684 OS \u4e3b\u52a8\u5b8c\u6210；accept \u4e0d\u53c2\u4e0e\u4e09\u6b21\u63e1\u624b，\u53ea\u83b7\u53d6\u5df2\u7ecf\u5efa\u7acb\u597d\u7684\u8fde\u63a5；<\/p>\n

\u7ecf\u5178\u9762\u8bd5\u9898：TCP \u4e09\u6b21\u63e1\u624b，\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u4e09\u6b21？<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u7b54：1.\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5168\u53cc\u5de5\u2014\u2014\u5916\u754c\u540c\u610f；\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53d1\u9001\u8bf7\u6c42，\u4e3a\u4e86\u9a8c\u8bc1\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u786e\u5b9e\u6536\u5230\u4e86\u8fd9\u6761\u6d88\u606f，\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u5e94\u7b54\u4e86，\u8fdb\u800c\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4e86\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u80fd\u53d1\u9001\u6d88\u606f，\u4e5f\u80fd\u6536\u5230\u6d88\u606f，\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5168\u53cc\u5de5\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5b8c\u6210；\u56e0\u4e3a\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u5e94\u7b54\u4e86，\u4e3a\u4e86\u9a8c\u8bc1\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u6210\u529f\u53d1\u9001\u4e86\u8fd9\u6761\u6d88\u606f，\u6240\u4ee5\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5e94\u7b54\u7ed9\u670d\u52a1\u7aef，\u6b64\u65f6\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u6536\u5230\u4e86\u5e94\u7b54，\u9a8c\u8bc1\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u53ef\u4ee5\u6536\u53d1\u6d88\u606f；\u6240\u4ee5\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e09\u6b21\u63e1\u624b\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b，\u4fdd\u8bc1\u7f51\u7edc\u662f\u901a\u7545\u7684，\u8fdb\u800c\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4e86 TCP \u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u53ef\u9760\u6027；<\/p>\n

2.\u4e09\u6b21\u63e1\u624b\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u662f\u56db\u6b21\u63e1\u624b\u2014\u2014\u81ea\u5df1\u540c\u610f，\u56e0\u4e3a\u6709\u634e\u5e26\u5e94\u7b54\u53d8\u6210\u4e86\u4e09\u6b21\u63e1\u624b；\u4e09\u6b21\u63e1\u624b\u662f\u6700\u5c11\u6b21\u6570\u63e1\u624b\u5efa\u7acb\u53cc\u65b9\u8981\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u5171\u8bc6，\u53cc\u65b9\u90fd\u77e5\u9053\u6211\u8981\u548c\u5bf9\u65b9\u8fdb\u884c\u901a\u4fe1\u4e86；<\/p>\n

\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u56db\u6b21\u6325\u624b？<\/p>\n

\u7b54：<\/p>\n

1.\u4ee5\u6700\u5c11\u6b21\u6570\u5efa\u7acb\u65ad\u5f00\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u5171\u8bc6；<\/p>\n

2.\u4fdd\u8bc1\u7f51\u7edc\u901a\u7545，\u8fdb\u800c\u91ca\u653e\u5168\u53cc\u5de5；<\/p>\n

3.\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53d1\u9001\u4e00\u6b21 FIN \u672c\u8d28\u5c31\u662f：\u6211\u8981\u53d1\u9001\u7684\u6570\u636e\u53d1\u5b8c\u4e86，\u6211\u8981\u5173\u95ed\u4e00\u4e2a\u5199\u7aef\u4e86，\u6240\u4ee5\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u5e94\u7b54\u4e4b\u540e\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5173\u95ed\u5199\u7aef\u4e86（\u901a\u8fc7\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528：shutdown \u6765\u6307\u660e\u5173\u95ed\u54ea\u7aef），\u867d\u7136\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u6ca1\u6709\u6570\u636e\u4e86，\u591a\u5c11\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u6211\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u6709\u6570\u636e，\u6211\u8fd8\u8981\u7ed9\u4f60\u53d1，\u6240\u4ee5\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u7684 ACK \u548c FIN \u662f\u5206\u5f00\u7684\u539f\u56e0，\u8fdb\u800c\u9020\u6210\u4e86\u56db\u6b21\u6325\u624b\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u63cf\u8ff0，\u5982\u679c\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u6ca1\u6709\u6570\u636e\u4e86，\u7edd\u5bf9\u662f\u634e\u5e26\u5e94\u7b54\u53d8\u6210\u4e09\u6b21\u63e1\u624b；<\/p>\n

\n

\u5982\u679c Server \u5fd8\u8bb0\u5173\u95ed\u81ea\u5df1\u7684 fd ，\u5c31\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4 Client \u65ad\u5f00\u4e4b\u540e，Server \u94fe\u63a5\u5904\u4e8e CLOSE_WAIT \u7ec8\u7aef，\u8fdb\u800c\u5bfc\u81f4 fd \u6cc4\u6f0f；<\/p>\n

\u4e3b\u52a8\u65ad\u5f00\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u90a3\u4e00\u65b9，4 \u6b21\u6325\u624b\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b8c\u6210；\u81ea\u5df1\u4e0d\u80fd\u7acb\u5373\u9000\u51fa，\u800c\u662f\u7b49\u5f85\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4，\u5728\u9000\u51fa，\u5728\u8fd9\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u5185，\u8ba9\u81ea\u5df1\u5904\u4e8e TIMEp_WAIT \u72b6\u6001；<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u591a\u957f？<\/p>\n

\u7b54：2 MSL（Max Segment Life）: \u62a5\u6587\u6700\u5927\u751f\u5b58\u7684\u65f6\u95f4（\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d）；<\/p>\n

\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u7b49\u5f85\u8fd9\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4？<\/p>\n

\u7b54：\u539f\u56e0：1\u3001\u5f3a\u5236\u66f4\u6362\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7，\u56e0\u4e3a：\u5f53\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5386\u53f2\u6570\u636e\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u56e0\u4e3a\u5404\u79cd\u539f\u56e0\u963b\u585e\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u65f6，\u5ba2\u7aef\u7aef\u76f4\u63a5\u65ad\u5f00，\u518d\u6b21\u8fde\u63a5\u65f6，\u5982\u679c\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u8fd8\u662f\u90a3\u4e2a\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7，\u6b64\u65f6\u5386\u53f2\u6570\u636e\u5c31\u4f1a\u53d1\u9001\u5230\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u90a3\u91cc，\u9020\u6210\u65b0\u65e7\u6570\u636e\u6df7\u4e71；\u56e0\u4e3a\u5728\u7b49\u5f85\u7684\u8fd9\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4，\u8fde\u63a5\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u5b8c\u5168\u65ad\u5f00\u7684，\u6240\u4ee5\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u7684\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u5c31\u88ab\u5360\u7528，\u8fdb\u800c\u5982\u679c\u6709\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u8981\u7ed1\u5b9a\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u5c31\u4f1a\u5931\u8d25，\u8fdb\u800c\u65e7\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5c31\u4e0d\u4f1a\u53d1\u9001\u5230\u65b0\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u7aef；\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u548c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5728\u8fde\u63a5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u53d1\u9001\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u79ef\u538b，\u62a5\u6587\u7684\u5e8f\u53f7\u4f1a\u89e3\u51b3\u6570\u636e\u6df7\u4e71\u7684\u95ee\u9898；<\/p>\n

2.\u7b49\u5f85\u9648\u65e7\u62a5\u6587\u4ece\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u6d88\u6563；<\/p>\n

\u603b\u4e4b\u5c31\u662f：<\/p>\n

1.\u9632\u6b62\u9648\u65e7\u62a5\u6587\u5bf9\u65b0\u8fde\u63a5\u4ea7\u751f\u5e72\u6270，\u8ba9\u9648\u65e7\u62a5\u6587\u6d88\u6563；<\/p>\n

2.\u6ca1\u6709\u6d88\u606f\u5c31\u662f\u597d\u6d88\u606f：\u4e3b\u52a8\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b21\u53d1\u9001\u62a5\u6587\u643a\u5e26\u6807\u5fd7\u4f4d： ACK，\u4ed6\u662f\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053 ACK \u662f\u5426\u88ab\u5bf9\u65b9\u6536\u5230\u7684，\u6240\u4ee5\u5728 2 MSL \u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u6ca1\u6709\u6536\u5230\u5bf9\u65b9\u53d1\u9001\u7684 FIN \u5c31\u8ba4\u4e3a\u62a5\u6587\u88ab\u5bf9\u65b9\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u4e86；<\/p>\n

\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u4e0d\u6562\u968f\u4fbf\u66f4\u6539\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7，\u6240\u4ee5\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u5373\u4f7f\u5904\u4e8e TIME_WAIT \u72b6\u6001，\u4e5f\u8981\u8ba9\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u91cd\u542f，\u51fd\u6570\u5982\u4e0b：<\/p>\n

int opt = 1;
\n \/\/\u5730\u5740\u590d\u7528\u2014\u2014> socket addr
\n setsockopt(_sockfd,SOL_SOCKET,SO_REUSEADDR | SO_REUSEPORT,&opt,sizeof(opt));\/\/\u5ffd\u7565 TIME_WAIT \u72b6\u6001<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u91cd\u542f\u4e4b\u540e，\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5c31\u8981\u91cd\u65b0\u53d1\u8d77\u8fde\u63a5\u8bf7\u6c42，\u6b64\u65f6\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u5c31\u8981\u6539\u8fb9，\u8fdb\u800c\u9632\u6b62\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u65b0\u65e7\u6570\u636e\u6df7\u4e71\u6211\u4eec\u670d\u52a1\u7aef；<\/p>\n

\u95ee\u9898：\u4e3b\u673a A \u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u5411\u4e3b\u673a B \u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e\u65f6，\u662f\u600e\u4e48\u77e5\u9053\u4e3b\u673a B \u7684\u7a97\u53e3\u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u5462？<\/p>\n

\u7b54：\u5728\u901a\u4fe1\u4e4b\u524d\u53cc\u65b9\u662f\u7ecf\u5386\u8fc7\u4e09\u6b21\u63e1\u624b\u7684，\u524d\u4e24\u6b21\u63e1\u624b，\u4e00\u5b9a\u4e0d\u643a\u5e26\u4efb\u4f55\u6570\u636e（\u901a\u4fe1\u672a\u5b8c\u6210），\u8fd9\u4e24\u6b21\u63e1\u624b\u5c31\u5df2\u7ecf\u4ea4\u6362\u8fc7\u53cc\u65b9\u7684\u7a97\u53e3\u5927\u5c0f\u4e86；<\/p>\n

\u7ec6\u8282：\u7a97\u53e3\u5927\u5c0f\u662f 2 ^ 16 \u4e2a\u5b57\u8282 = 64 kb ，\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5927\u5c0f\u4f1a\u6839\u636e\u4e0d\u4f1a\u7684 OS \u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u8fdb\u884c\u53d8\u52a8，\u56e0\u4e3a\u62a5\u5934\u768440\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u7684\u9009\u9879，\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a97\u53e3\u6269\u5927\u56e0\u5b50：M，\u5982\u679cOS\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u5927\u4e8e 64 kb \u5c31\u8fd9\u4e2a 2^16 \u5de6\u79fb M \u4f4d；<\/p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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