{"id":62680,"date":"2026-01-20T15:05:52","date_gmt":"2026-01-20T07:05:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/62680.html"},"modified":"2026-01-20T15:05:52","modified_gmt":"2026-01-20T07:05:52","slug":"linux%e5%ae%89%e8%a3%85%e5%8f%8a%e7%ae%a1%e7%90%86%e7%a8%8b%e5%ba%8f%e5%85%a5%e9%97%a8%ef%bc%89","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/62680.html","title":{"rendered":"Linux\u5b89\u88c5\u53ca\u7ba1\u7406\u7a0b\u5e8f(\u5165\u95e8\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"<h3>RPM\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177<\/h3>\n<h4>\u4e00\u3001RPM \u662f\u4ec0\u4e48&#xff1f;<\/h4>\n<p>RPM&#xff08;Red-Hat Package Manager&#xff09;\u662f Linux \u7cfb\u7edf&#xff08;\u5982 RedHat\u3001CentOS\u3001Fedora&#xff09;\u7684\u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177&#xff0c;\u7528\u4e8e\u5b89\u88c5\u3001\u67e5\u8be2\u3001\u5347\u7ea7\u3001\u5378\u8f7d\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305&#xff08;\u540e\u7f00\u4e3a .rpm \u7684\u6587\u4ef6&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u6838\u5fc3\u4f18\u52bf\u662f\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u5904\u7406\u8f6f\u4ef6\u4f9d\u8d56&#xff08;\u90e8\u5206\u9700\u624b\u52a8\u8865\u5168&#xff09;\u3001\u7edf\u4e00\u7ba1\u7406\u8f6f\u4ef6\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f&#xff0c;\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b80\u5355\u9ad8\u6548\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>\u4e8c\u3001RPM \u6838\u5fc3\u547d\u4ee4\u4e0e\u9009\u9879&#xff08;\u6309\u529f\u80fd\u5206\u7c7b&#xff09;<\/h4>\n<h5>1. \u5b89\u88c5\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305&#xff08;-i\/&#8211;install&#xff09;<\/h5>\n<p>\u6838\u5fc3\u4f5c\u7528&#xff1a;\u5c06 .rpm \u5305\u90e8\u7f72\u5230\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u9700\u6ce8\u610f\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb&#xff08;\u7f3a\u5931\u4f9d\u8d56\u4f1a\u63d0\u793a\u62a5\u9519&#xff09;\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u57fa\u7840\u8bed\u6cd5&#xff1a;rpm -i [\u9009\u9879] \u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305.rpm<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5e38\u7528\u9009\u9879&#xff1a;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<ul>\n<li>-v&#xff1a;\u663e\u793a\u5b89\u88c5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u8be6\u60c5&#xff08; verbose \u6a21\u5f0f&#xff09;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<ul>\n<li>-h&#xff1a;\u7528 # \u663e\u793a\u5b89\u88c5\u8fdb\u5ea6\u6761&#xff08; hash \u6a21\u5f0f&#xff09;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<ul>\n<li>&#8211;force&#xff1a;\u5f3a\u5236\u5b89\u88c5&#xff08;\u8986\u76d6\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u540c\u540d\u8f6f\u4ef6&#xff0c;\u614e\u7528&#xff09;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<ul>\n<li>&#8211;nodeps&#xff1a;\u5ffd\u7565\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\u5b89\u88c5&#xff08;\u4e0d\u63a8\u8350&#xff0c;\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u8f6f\u4ef6\u65e0\u6cd5\u8fd0\u884c&#xff09;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5>2. \u67e5\u8be2\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305&#xff08;-q\/&#8211;query&#xff09;<\/h5>\n<p>\u6838\u5fc3\u4f5c\u7528&#xff1a;\u67e5\u8be2\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u4fe1\u606f&#xff0c;\u6216\u67e5\u8be2 .rpm \u5305\u7684\u5185\u7f6e\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u57fa\u7840\u8bed\u6cd5&#xff1a;rpm -q [\u9009\u9879] [\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u540d\/\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305.rpm]<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5e38\u7528\u9009\u9879&#xff1a;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<ul>\n<li>-a&#xff1a;\u67e5\u8be2\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u7684 RPM \u5305&#xff08;rpm -qa&#xff09;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<ul>\n<li>-l&#xff1a;\u5217\u51fa\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84&#xff08;rpm -ql \u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u540d&#xff09;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<ul>\n<li>-i&#xff1a;\u663e\u793a\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f&#xff08;\u7248\u672c\u3001\u4f5c\u8005\u3001\u4f9d\u8d56\u7b49&#xff0c;rpm -qi \u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u540d&#xff09;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<ul>\n<li>-f&#xff1a;\u67e5\u8be2\u67d0\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u5c5e\u4e8e\u54ea\u4e2a RPM \u5305&#xff08;rpm -qf \/usr\/bin\/nginx&#xff09;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<ul>\n<li>-p&#xff1a;\u67e5\u8be2\u672a\u5b89\u88c5\u7684 .rpm \u5305\u4fe1\u606f&#xff08;rpm -qip \u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305.rpm&#xff09;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5>3. \u5347\u7ea7\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305&#xff08;-U\/&#8211;upgrade&#xff09;<\/h5>\n<p>\u6838\u5fc3\u4f5c\u7528&#xff1a;\u5c06\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u5347\u7ea7\u5230\u65b0\u7248\u672c&#xff0c;\u82e5\u672a\u5b89\u88c5\u5219\u81ea\u52a8\u5b89\u88c5\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u57fa\u7840\u8bed\u6cd5&#xff1a;rpm -U [\u9009\u9879] \u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305.rpm<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5e38\u7528\u9009\u9879&#xff1a;-v&#xff08;\u8be6\u60c5&#xff09;\u3001-h&#xff08;\u8fdb\u5ea6\u6761&#xff09;\u3001&#8211;force&#xff08;\u5f3a\u5236\u5347\u7ea7&#xff09;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>\u8865\u5145&#xff1a;-F&#xff08;&#8211;freshen&#xff09;\u9009\u9879\u4ec5\u5347\u7ea7\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305&#xff0c;\u672a\u5b89\u88c5\u5219\u4e0d\u5904\u7406&#xff08;\u533a\u522b\u4e8e -U&#xff09;\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5>4. \u5378\u8f7d\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305&#xff08;-e\/&#8211;erase&#xff09;<\/h5>\n<p>\u6838\u5fc3\u4f5c\u7528&#xff1a;\u5220\u9664\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u7684 RPM \u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305&#xff0c;\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4f1a\u68c0\u67e5\u4f9d\u8d56&#xff08;\u82e5\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u8f6f\u4ef6\u4f9d\u8d56\u8be5\u5305&#xff0c;\u4f1a\u62a5\u9519&#xff09;\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u57fa\u7840\u8bed\u6cd5&#xff1a;rpm -e [\u9009\u9879] \u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u540d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5e38\u7528\u9009\u9879&#xff1a;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<ul>\n<li>&#8211;nodeps&#xff1a;\u5ffd\u7565\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\u5f3a\u5236\u5378\u8f7d&#xff08;\u614e\u7528&#xff0c;\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u5176\u4ed6\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5931\u6548&#xff09;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<ul>\n<li>&#8211;test&#xff1a;\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5378\u8f7d&#xff08;\u4ec5\u6a21\u62df\u6d41\u7a0b&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u5b9e\u9645\u5220\u9664&#xff0c;rpm -e &#8211;test \u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u540d&#xff09;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5>5. \u5176\u4ed6\u5b9e\u7528\u9009\u9879<\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li>&#8211;verify&#xff08;-V&#xff09;&#xff1a;\u9a8c\u8bc1\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u5426\u88ab\u4fee\u6539&#xff08;\u5bf9\u6bd4\u539f\u59cb\u6821\u9a8c\u4fe1\u606f&#xff09;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u793a\u4f8b&#xff1a;rpm -V nginx&#xff08;\u65e0\u8f93\u51fa\u8868\u793a\u6587\u4ef6\u672a\u4fee\u6539&#xff0c;\u6709\u8f93\u51fa\u5219\u663e\u793a\u4fee\u6539\u7684\u6587\u4ef6&#xff09;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>&#8211;rebuilddb&#xff1a;\u91cd\u5efa RPM \u6570\u636e\u5e93&#xff08;\u5f53 RPM \u547d\u4ee4\u62a5\u9519 \u201c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u635f\u574f\u201d \u65f6\u4f7f\u7528&#xff09;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u793a\u4f8b&#xff1a;rpm &#8211;rebuilddb<\/p>\n<h4>\u4e09\u3001\u5173\u952e\u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879<\/h4>\n<li>\u4f9d\u8d56\u95ee\u9898&#xff1a;RPM \u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e25\u683c\u68c0\u67e5\u4f9d\u8d56&#xff0c;\u5b89\u88c5 \/ \u5378\u8f7d\u65f6\u82e5\u63d0\u793a \u201c\u7f3a\u5c11\u4f9d\u8d56\u201d&#xff0c;\u9700\u5148\u5b89\u88c5\u4f9d\u8d56\u5305&#xff08;\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7 yum \u5de5\u5177\u81ea\u52a8\u89e3\u51b3\u4f9d\u8d56&#xff0c;yum \u57fa\u4e8e RPM \u5f00\u53d1&#xff09;\u3002\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u540d\u4e0e\u6587\u4ef6\u540d&#xff1a;\u67e5\u8be2\u3001\u5347\u7ea7\u3001\u5378\u8f7d\u65f6\u7528\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u540d&#xff08;\u5982 nginx&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u5b89\u88c5\u65f6\u7528\u5b8c\u6574\u6587\u4ef6\u540d&#xff08;\u5982 nginx-1.20.1.rpm&#xff09;\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u614e\u7528\u5f3a\u5236\u9009\u9879&#xff1a;&#8211;force\u3001&#8211;nodeps \u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u7cfb\u7edf\u73af\u5883\u5f02\u5e38&#xff0c;\u975e\u5fc5\u8981\u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u6743\u9650\u8981\u6c42&#xff1a;\u6240\u6709 RPM \u547d\u4ee4\u9700\u7528 root \u7528\u6237\u6267\u884c&#xff08;\u6216\u52a0 sudo&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u5426\u5219\u4f1a\u63d0\u793a \u201c\u6743\u9650\u4e0d\u8db3\u201d\u3002<\/li>\n<h3>\u4ece\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u7f16\u8bd1\u5b89\u88c5\u7a0b\u5e8f<\/h3>\n<h4>\u4e00\u3001\u6838\u5fc3\u601d\u8def<\/h4>\n<p>\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u5b89\u88c5 Apache \u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u903b\u8f91\u662f&#xff1a;\u5148\u5b89\u88c5\u7f16\u8bd1\u4f9d\u8d56 \u2192 \u4e0b\u8f7d\u5e76\u89e3\u538b\u6e90\u7801\u5305 \u2192 \u914d\u7f6e\u7f16\u8bd1\u53c2\u6570 \u2192 \u7f16\u8bd1\u6e90\u7801 \u2192 \u5b89\u88c5\u7a0b\u5e8f \u2192 \u914d\u7f6e\u5e76\u542f\u52a8\u670d\u52a1&#xff0c;\u6574\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u9075\u5faa configure \u2192 make \u2192 make install \u7684\u7ecf\u5178\u6e90\u7801\u7f16\u8bd1\u6d41\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>\u4e8c\u3001\u5177\u4f53\u64cd\u4f5c\u6b65\u9aa4<\/h4>\n<h5>1. \u51c6\u5907\u5de5\u4f5c&#xff1a;\u5b89\u88c5\u7f16\u8bd1\u4f9d\u8d56<\/h5>\n<p>\u9996\u5148\u8981\u5b89\u88c5\u7f16\u8bd1 Apache \u6240\u9700\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u5de5\u5177\u548c\u4f9d\u8d56\u5e93&#xff0c;\u7f3a\u5c11\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u7f16\u8bd1\u5931\u8d25\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color:#fe2c24\">gcc\/gcc-c&#043;&#043;&#xff1a;C\/C&#043;&#043; \u7f16\u8bd1\u5668&#xff0c;\u6838\u5fc3\u7f16\u8bd1\u5de5\u5177&#xff1b;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color:#fe2c24\">pcre-devel&#xff1a;\u652f\u6301 URL \u91cd\u5199\u7684\u6b63\u5219\u5e93&#xff1b;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color:#fe2c24\">zlib-devel&#xff1a;\u652f\u6301\u6570\u636e\u538b\u7f29&#xff1b;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color:#fe2c24\">openssl-devel&#xff1a;\u652f\u6301 HTTPS \u52a0\u5bc6&#xff1b;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color:#fe2c24\">wget&#xff1a;\u7528\u4e8e\u4e0b\u8f7d\u6e90\u7801\u5305<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5>2. \u4e0b\u8f7d\u5e76\u89e3\u538b Apache \u6e90\u7801\u5305<\/h5>\n<p>\u63a8\u8350\u4ece Apache \u5b98\u65b9\u955c\u50cf\u4e0b\u8f7d\u7a33\u5b9a\u7248&#xff08;\u4ee5 httpd-2.4.58 \u4e3a\u4f8b&#xff0c;\u53ef\u66ff\u6362\u4e3a\u6700\u65b0\u7a33\u5b9a\u7248&#xff09;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color:#fe2c24\"># \u8fdb\u5165\u4e34\u65f6\u76ee\u5f55\u00a0cd \/usr\/local\/src <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color:#fe2c24\"># \u62d6\u6e90\u7801\u5305\u00a0mv dlcdn.apache.org\/httpd\/httpd-2.4.58.tar.gz .\/<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color:#fe2c24\"># \u89e3\u538b\u6e90\u7801\u5305 tar -zxvf httpd-2.4.58.tar.gz <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color:#fe2c24\"># \u8fdb\u5165\u89e3\u538b\u540e\u7684\u76ee\u5f55&#xff08;\u540e\u7eed\u64cd\u4f5c\u90fd\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u6267\u884c&#xff09; cd httpd-2.4.58<\/span><\/p>\n<h5>3. \u914d\u7f6e\u7f16\u8bd1\u53c2\u6570<\/h5>\n<p>\u901a\u8fc7 configure \u811a\u672c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5b89\u88c5\u8def\u5f84\u3001\u529f\u80fd\u5f00\u5173<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color:#fe2c24\">.\/configure &#8211;prefix&#061;\/usr\/local\/apache \\\\ # \u6307\u5b9a\u5b89\u88c5\u76ee\u5f55&#xff08;\u6838\u5fc3\u53c2\u6570&#xff0c;\u65b9\u4fbf\u7ba1\u7406&#xff09;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color:#fe2c24\">&#8211;enable-so \\\\ # \u542f\u7528\u52a8\u6001\u6a21\u5757\u52a0\u8f7d&#xff08;\u5fc5\u5f00&#xff09;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color:#fe2c24\">&#8211;enable-ssl \\\\ # \u542f\u7528 HTTPS \u652f\u6301<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color:#fe2c24\">&#8211;enable-rewrite \\\\ # \u542f\u7528 URL \u91cd\u5199 <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color:#fe2c24\">&#8211;with-mpm&#061;prefork # \u9009\u62e9\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6a21\u578b&#xff08;prefork \u517c\u5bb9\u6027\u6700\u597d&#xff09;<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u6267\u884c\u540e\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u62a5\u9519&#xff0c;\u8bf4\u660e\u914d\u7f6e\u6210\u529f&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<li>\u5982\u679c\u62a5\u9519&#xff0c;\u5927\u6982\u7387\u662f\u4f9d\u8d56\u6ca1\u88c5\u5168&#xff0c;\u6839\u636e\u62a5\u9519\u63d0\u793a\u8865\u5145\u5b89\u88c5\u5373\u53ef\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5>4. \u7f16\u8bd1\u5e76\u5b89\u88c5<\/h5>\n<p>\u7f16\u8bd1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u8017\u65f6\u6839\u636e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6027\u80fd\u800c\u5b9a&#xff0c;\u8010\u5fc3\u7b49\u5f85<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color:#fe2c24\">make<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color:#fe2c24\">make install<\/span><\/p>\n<h5>5. \u57fa\u7840\u914d\u7f6e\u4e0e\u542f\u52a8<\/h5>\n<p># 1. \u4fee\u6539 Apache \u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6&#xff08;\u8bbe\u7f6e\u76d1\u542c\u7aef\u53e3\u3001\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u57df\u540d\u7b49&#xff09;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color:#fe2c24\">vim \/usr\/local\/apache\/conf\/httpd.conf<\/span><\/p>\n<p># 2. \u542f\u52a8 Apache<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color:#fe2c24\">\/usr\/local\/apache\/bin\/apachectl start<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<h4>\u603b\u7ed3<\/h4>\n<li>\u6e90\u7801\u5b89\u88c5 Apache \u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u6b65\u9aa4\u662f&#xff1a;\u88c5\u4f9d\u8d56 \u2192 \u4e0b\u6e90\u7801 \u2192 \u914d\u7f6e \u2192 \u7f16\u8bd1 \u2192 \u5b89\u88c5 \u2192 \u542f\u52a8&#xff0c;\u5173\u952e\u662f\u786e\u4fdd\u4f9d\u8d56\u9f50\u5168\u3001\u914d\u7f6e\u53c2\u6570\u65e0\u9519\u8bef&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<li>\u5b89\u88c5\u76ee\u5f55\u9ed8\u8ba4\u662f \/usr\/local\/apache&#xff0c;\u6240\u6709\u914d\u7f6e\u3001\u65e5\u5fd7\u3001\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6587\u4ef6\u90fd\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b&#xff0c;\u65b9\u4fbf\u7ba1\u7406&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<li>\u542f\u52a8\u524d\u52a1\u5fc5\u68c0\u67e5\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u8bed\u6cd5&#xff0c;\u907f\u514d\u56e0\u914d\u7f6e\u9519\u8bef\u5bfc\u81f4\u542f\u52a8\u5931\u8d25&#xff0c;\u9a8c\u8bc1\u542f\u52a8\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\u67e5\u770b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6216\u8bbf\u95ee\u76d1\u542c\u7aef\u53e3\u3002<\/li>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>RPM\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177\u4e00\u3001RPM \u662f\u4ec0\u4e48&#xff1f;RPM&#xff08;Red-Hat Package Manager&#xff09;\u662f Linux \u7cfb\u7edf&#xff08;\u5982 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