{"id":62172,"date":"2026-01-19T14:42:07","date_gmt":"2026-01-19T06:42:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/62172.html"},"modified":"2026-01-19T14:42:07","modified_gmt":"2026-01-19T06:42:07","slug":"%e8%ae%a1%e7%ae%97%e6%9c%ba%e8%a7%86%e8%a7%89opencv%e4%b9%8b%e5%9b%be%e7%89%87%e6%97%8b%e8%bd%ac%e6%a8%a1%e7%89%88%e5%8c%b9%e9%85%8d%e9%93%b6%e8%a1%8c%e5%8d%a1%e5%8f%b7%e7%9a%84%e8%af%86","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/62172.html","title":{"rendered":"\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u89c6\u89c9opencv\u4e4b\u56fe\u7247\u65cb\u8f6c&\u6a21\u7248\u5339\u914d&\u94f6\u884c\u5361\u53f7\u7684\u8bc6\u522b"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u4e00\u3001\u56fe\u7247\u65cb\u8f6c<\/p>\n

'''\u56fe\u7247\u65cb\u8f6c'''
\nimport cv2
\nimport numpy as np<\/p>\n

#\u7b2c\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u7528numpy\u5b9e\u73b0
\nimg= cv2.imread('')
\nrotated_img1=np.rot90(img,k=-1)#\u65cb\u8f6c90\u5ea6，-1\u662f\u987a\u65f6\u9488\u65cb\u8f6c，1\u4e3a\u9006\u65f6\u9488\u65cb\u8f6c
\nrotated_img2=np.rot90(img,k=1)
\ncv2.imshow('yuantu',img)
\ncv2.imshow('image1shun',rotated_img1)
\ncv2.imshow('image2ni',rotated_img2)
\ncv2.waitKey(0)
\ncv2.destroyAllWindows()
\n#\u7b2c\u4e8c\u79cd\u7528opencv
\nrotated_img=cv2.rotate(img,cv2.ROTATE_90_CLOCKWISE)#\u987a\u65f6\u948890\u5ea6
\nrotated_img2=cv2.rotate(img,cv2.ROTATE_90_COUNTERCLOCKWISE)#\u9006\u65f6\u948890\u5ea6
\nrotated_img3=cv2.rotate(img,cv2.ROTATE_180)#\u65cb\u8f6c180\u5ea6
\ncv2.imshow('shun90',rotated_img)
\ncv2.imshow('ni90',rotated_img2)
\ncv2.imshow('180',rotated_img3)
\ncv2.waitKey(0) <\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u3001\u6a21\u7248\u5339\u914d<\/p>\n

'''\u6a21\u7248\u4e0e\u591a\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u5339\u914d'''
\nimport cv2
\nimport numpy as np
\nimg_rgb=cv2.imread('')
\nimg_gray=cv2.cvtColor(img_rgb,cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
\ntemplate=cv2.imread('')
\nh,w=template.shape[:2]
\n#\u4f7f\u7528\u6a21\u7248\u5339\u914d\u65b9\u6cd5cv2.matchTemplate,\u8fdb\u884c\u6a21\u677f\u5339\u914d
\nres=cv2.matchTemplate(img_gray,template,cv2.TM_CCOEFF_NORMED)
\n#\u8bbe\u5b9a\u5339\u914d\u9608\u503c
\nthreshold=0.9
\n#\u83b7\u53d6\u5339\u914d\u7ed3\u679c\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u7b26\u5408\u9608\u503c\u7684\u70b9\u5750\u6807
\nloc=np.where(res >= threshold)
\n#print(loc)
\n#\u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u5339\u914d\u70b9
\nfor pt in zip(*loc[::-1]):
\n #\u5728\u539f\u56fe\u4e0a\u7ed8\u5236\u5339\u914d\u533a\u57df\u7684\u77e9\u5f62\u6846
\n cv2.rectangle(img_rgb,(pt[0]+w,pt[1]+h),(0,0,255),1)<\/p>\n

cv2.imshow('img',img_rgb)
\ncv2.waitKey(0) <\/p>\n

\u4e09\u3001\u6846\u9009\u56fe\u7247\u76ee\u6807<\/p>\n

\u5229\u7528\u4e0a\u9762\u56fe\u7247\u65cb\u8f6c\u548c\u6a21\u677f\u5339\u914d<\/p>\n

template：\"\"\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u6846\u9009\u7684\u56fe\u7247：\"\"<\/p>\n

import cv2
\nimport numpy as np<\/p>\n

def pipei(img_rgb,template):
\n img_gray=cv2.cvtColor(img_rgb,cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
\n h,w=template.shape[:2]
\n res=cv2.matchTemplate(img_gray,template,cv2.TM_CCOEFF_NORMED)
\n threshold=0.9
\n loc=np.where(res >= threshold)
\n for pt in zip(*loc[::-1]):
\n cv2.rectangle(img_rgb,pt,(pt[0]+w,pt[1]+h),(0,0,255),1)
\n return img_rgb<\/p>\n

img_rgb=cv2.imread('yuantu1.jpg')
\ntemplate=cv2.imread('jiantou.jpg',0)
\ntemplate2=np.rot90(template,k=-1)
\ntemplate3=np.rot90(template,k=1)<\/p>\n

img_rgb=pipei(img_rgb,template)
\nimg_rgb=pipei(img_rgb,template2)
\nimg_rgb=pipei(img_rgb,template3)
\ncv2.imshow('img_rgb',img_rgb)
\ncv2.waitKey(0) <\/p>\n

\u7ed3\u679c：<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u56db\u3001\u94f6\u884c\u5361\u53f7\u8bc6\u522b<\/p>\n

1.\u5bfc\u5165\u6a21\u5757<\/p>\n

import numpy as np
\nimport argparse
\nimport cv2
\nimport myutils <\/p>\n

2.\u8bbe\u7f6e\u53c2\u6570<\/p>\n

\u5728\u4e0a\u4e00\u7bc7\u89c6\u89c9\u535a\u5ba2\u4e2d\u63d0\u5230\u8fc7\u7684\u4f20\u5165\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fd9\u91cc\u6211\u4eec\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e24\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570，\u4e00\u4e2a\u662f\u4f20\u5165\u7684\u7167\u7247，\u4e00\u4e2a\u662f\u8bc6\u522b\u6a21\u7248<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u4f20\u5165\u7684\u7167\u7247：\"\"\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u8bc6\u522b\u6a21\u677f：\u00a0\u00a0\"\"<\/p>\n

\u4e3a\u4e86\u65b9\u4fbf\u8fd9\u91cc\u6211\u4eec\u8bbe\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u7528\u6765\u5c55\u793a\u56fe\u7247\u7684<\/p>\n

#\u8bbe\u7f6e\u53c2\u6570
\nap=argparse.ArgumentParser()
\nap.add_argument('-i','–image',required=True,help='path to input image')
\nap.add_argument('-t','–template',required=True,help='path to template OCA-A image')
\nargs=vars(ap.parse_args())
\ndef cv_show(name,img):
\n cv2.imshow(name,img)
\n cv2.waitKey(0) <\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

3.\u8f6e\u5ed3\u83b7\u53d6<\/p>\n

\u5bf9\u6a21\u677f\u4e2d\u6bcf\u6b4c\u6570\u5b57\u8f6e\u5ed3\u8fdb\u884c\u83b7\u53d6，\u68c0\u6d4b\u5230\u8f6e\u5ed3，ref\u8f93\u5165\u56fe\u50cf（\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u4e8c\u503c\u56fe），<\/p>\n

cv2.RETR_EXTERNAL（\u8f6e\u5ed3\u68c0\u7d22\u6a21\u5f0f：\u53ea\u68c0\u6d4b\u6700\u5916\u5c42\u8f6e\u5ed3），<\/p>\n

cv2.CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE （\u8f6e\u5ed3\u8fd1\u4f3c\u65b9\u6cd5：\u538b\u7f29\u6c34\u5e73\/\u5782\u76f4\/\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u65b9\u5411\u70b9）\u3002<\/p>\n

'''————\u6bcd\u7248\u56fe\u50cf\u4e2d\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5904\u7406————-'''
\nimg=cv2.imread(args['template'])#\u8bfb\u53d6\u6a21\u677f\u56fe
\ncv_show('img',img)
\nref=cv2.cvtColor(img,cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)#\u8f6c\u4e3a\u7070\u5ea6\u56fe
\ncv_show('ref',ref)
\nref=cv2.threshold(ref,10,255,cv2.THRESH_BINARY_INV)[1]#\u4e8c\u503c\u5316\u5e76\u53cd\u8272，\u8fbe\u5230\u9ed1\u5e95\u767d\u5b57\u6548\u679c
\ncv_show('ref',ref)<\/p>\n

#\u8f6e\u5ed3\u68c0\u6d4b\u4e0e\u6392\u5e8f
\n_,refCnts,hierarchy=cv2.findContours(ref,cv2.RETR_EXTERNAL,cv2.CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE)#\u68c0\u6d4b\u8f6e\u5ed3
\ncv2.drawContours(img,refCnts,-1,(0,0,255),3)#\u7ed8\u5236\u8f6e\u5ed3
\ncv_show('refCnts',img)
\nrefCnts=myutils.sort_contours(refCnts,method='left-to-right')[0]#\u4ece\u5de6\u5230\u53f3\u6392\u5217<\/p>\n

digits={}#\u5b57\u5178\u5b58\u50a8\u6570\u5b57\u6a21\u677f
\nfor (i,c) in enumerate(refCnts):
\n (x,y,w,h)=cv2.boundingRect(c)#\u83b7\u53d6\u8f6e\u5ed3\u5916\u63a5\u77e9\u5f62
\n roi=ref[y:y+h,x:x+w]#\u88c1\u526a\u51fa\u5355\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57
\n roi=cv2.resize(roi,(57,88))#\u7edf\u4e00\u5c3a\u5bf8\u4e3a57×88\u50cf\u7d20
\n cv_show('ro ',roi)
\n digits[i]=roi#\u6309\u7167\u987a\u5e8f\u5b58\u5165\u5b57\u5178，0\u2014\u2014>'0',1\u2014\u2014>'1'\u2026\u2026
\nprint(digits)#\u6253\u5370\u5b57\u5178:{0:\u6570\u5b570\u7684\u77e9\u9635，1::\u6570\u5b571\u7684\u77e9\u9635，\u2026\u2026，9:\u6570\u5b579\u7684\u77e9\u9635<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u5c060-9\u50cf\u7d20\u77e9\u9635\u5bf9\u5e94\u5230\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u6570\u5b57，\u6784\u9020\u4e3a\u5b57\u5178\u5b58\u653e\u5728digists\u5f53\u4e2d\"\"<\/p>\n

4.\u94f6\u884c\u5361\u56fe\u50cf\u5904\u7406<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u91cc\u4f7f\u7528\u9876\u5e3d，\u5ffd\u7565\u6389\u5361\u4e0a\u4e00\u4e9b\u5c0f\u7ec6\u8282，\u51f8\u663e\u6570\u5b57<\/p>\n

'''——————\u4fe1\u7528\u5361\u7684\u56fe\u50cf\u5904\u7406———–'''
\n#\u8bfb\u53d6\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u56fe\u50cf，\u9884\u5904\u7406
\nimage=cv2.imread(r'card1.png')
\ncv_show('image',image)
\nimage=myutils.resize(image,width=300)#\u8bbe\u7f6e\u56fe\u50cf\u5927\u5c0f
\ngray=cv2.cvtColor(image,cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
\ncv_show('gray',gray)<\/p>\n

#\u9876\u5e3d\u5904\u7406，\u7a81\u51fa\u56fe\u50cf\u4e2d\u7684\u4eae\u7ec6\u8282，\u6e05\u695a\u80cc\u666f\u56fe，\u56e0\u4e3a\u80cc\u666f\u56fe\u989c\u8272\u53d8\u5316\u5c0f，\u4e0d\u88ab\u8150\u8680\u6389
\nrectKernel=cv2.getStructuringElement(cv2.MORPH_RECT,(9,3))
\nsqKernel=cv2.getStructuringElement(cv2.MORPH_RECT,(5,5))
\ntophat=cv2.morphologyEx(gray,cv2.MORPH_TOPHAT,rectKernel)
\n# open=cv2.morphologyEx(gray,cv2.MORPH_OPEN,rectKernel)
\n# cv_show('open',open)
\ncv_show('tophat',tophat) <\/p>\n

\u8bfb\u53d6\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u56fe\u50cf，\u4e5f\u5c31\u662fcard1.png，\u7070\u5ea6\u56fe\u5904\u7406，\u5904\u7406\u6389\u5361\u80cc\u666f\u7684\u6742\u8d28<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

5.\u627e\u6570\u5b57\u8fb9\u6846<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u5757\u662f\u4e3b\u8981\u6838\u5fc3，\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u5904\u7406\u56fe\u7247\u4e0d\u5f53\u5c31\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c<\/p>\n

'''————-\u627e\u5230\u6570\u5b57\u8fb9\u6846————————–'''
\n#\u901a\u8fc7\u95ed\u64cd\u4f5c（\u5148\u81a8\u80c0\u540e\u8150\u8680）\u5c06\u6570\u5b57\u8fde\u5728\u4e00\u8d77
\nclosex=cv2.morphologyEx(tophat,cv2.MORPH_CLOSE,rectKernel)
\ncv_show('close1',closex)
\n#Tjresh_otsu\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u5bfb\u627e\u5408\u9002\u7684\u9608\u503c，\u9002\u5408\u53cc\u5cf0，\u9700\u8981\u628a\u9608\u503c\u53c2\u6570\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a0
\nthresh=cv2.threshold(closex,0,255,cv2.THRESH_BINARY | cv2.THRESH_OTSU)[1]
\ncv_show('thresh',thresh)
\n#\u95ed\u64cd\u4f5c
\nthresh=cv2.morphologyEx(thresh,cv2.MORPH_CLOSE,sqKernel)
\ncv_show('close2',thresh)
\n#\u8ba1\u7b97\u8f6e\u5ed3
\n_,cnts,h=cv2.findContours(thresh.copy(),cv2.RETR_EXTERNAL,cv2.CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE)
\ncnts_img=image.copy()
\ncv2.drawContours(cnts_img,cnts,-1,(0,0,255),3)
\ncv_show('cnts_img',cnts_img)
\n#\u904d\u5386\u8f6e\u5ed3，\u627e\u5230\u6570\u5b57\u90e8\u5206\u50cf\u7d20\u533a\u57df
\nlocs=[]
\nfor c in cnts:
\n (x,y,w,h)=cv2.boundingRect(c)
\n ar=w \/ float(h)
\n #\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u533a\u57df，\u6839\u636e\u5b9e\u9645\u4efb\u52a1
\n if 2.5 < ar <4.0:
\n if (40<w<55) and (10<h<20):
\n locs.append((x,y,w,h))
\n#\u5c06\u7b26\u5408\u7684\u8f6e\u5ed3\u4ece\u5de6\u5230\u53f3\u6392\u5217
\nlocs=sorted(locs,key=lambda x: x[0])
\nprint(locs) <\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u91cc\u7b5b\u9009\u51fa\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u7684\u8f6e\u5ed3，\u957f\u5bbd\u7b49\u662f\u6839\u636e\u5b9e\u9645\u60c5\u51b5\u4f30\u8ba1\u7684\u53ef\u4ee5\u591a\u6b21\u4fee\u6539\u7b5b\u9009\u5230\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u5361\u53f7\u8f6e\u5ed3，\u8fd9\u91cc\u6211\u4eec\u5f97\u5230\u56db\u4e2a\u8fb9\u6846\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a，\u94f6\u884c\u5361\u53f7\u662f\u56db\u5757\u6570\u5b57\u5206\u5f00\u7684<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

6.\u904d\u5386\u8f6e\u5ed3\u4e2d\u5404\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57<\/p>\n

\u4e09\u4e2a\u5faa\u73af：<\/p>\n