{"id":62157,"date":"2026-01-19T14:09:57","date_gmt":"2026-01-19T06:09:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/62157.html"},"modified":"2026-01-19T14:09:57","modified_gmt":"2026-01-19T06:09:57","slug":"fpga-%e5%b8%b8%e7%94%a8%e8%af%8d%e6%b1%87%e5%a4%a7%e5%85%a8%ef%bc%88%e5%85%a5%e9%97%a8%e5%bf%85%e7%9c%8b%ef%bd%9c%e5%bb%ba%e8%ae%ae%e6%94%b6%e8%97%8f%ef%bc%89","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/62157.html","title":{"rendered":"FPGA \u5e38\u7528\u8bcd\u6c47\u5927\u5168\uff08\u5165\u95e8\u5fc5\u770b\uff5c\u5efa\u8bae\u6536\u85cf\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u521a\u5165\u95e8 FPGA \u7684\u540c\u5b66&#xff0c;\u6700\u5bb9\u6613\u9047\u5230\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u5c31\u662f&#xff1a;<br \/>\n\u201c\u8d44\u6599\u80fd\u770b\u61c2\u4e00\u534a&#xff0c;\u4f46\u5f88\u591a\u8bcd\u4e0d\u660e\u767d\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u610f\u601d\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u6bd4\u5982&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>RTL \u662f\u4ec0\u4e48&#xff1f;<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u65f6\u5e8f\u7ea6\u675f\u5230\u5e95\u7ea6\u675f\u4e86\u5565&#xff1f;<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u7efc\u5408\u3001\u5b9e\u73b0\u3001\u5e03\u5c40\u5e03\u7ebf\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u533a\u522b&#xff1f;<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>BRAM\u3001LUT\u3001FF \u5230\u5e95\u8c01\u5e72\u5565\u7684&#xff1f;<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u6211\u5e2e\u4f60\u7cfb\u7edf\u6574\u7406\u4e86\u4e00\u4efd FPGA \u5e38\u7528\u8bcd\u6c47\u5927\u5168&#xff0c;\u6db5\u76d6&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>&#x1f539; \u57fa\u7840\u6982\u5ff5<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>&#x1f539; \u8bbe\u8ba1\u6d41\u7a0b\u76f8\u5173<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>&#x1f539; \u4ee3\u7801 \/ \u67b6\u6784\u76f8\u5173<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>&#x1f539; \u65f6\u5e8f\u4e0e\u7ea6\u675f<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>&#x1f539; \u5de5\u7a0b\u4e0e\u8c03\u8bd5\u5e38\u89c1\u672f\u8bed<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u9002\u5408&#x1f447;<br \/>\n\u2705 FPGA \u521d\u5b66\u8005<br \/>\n\u2705 \u8f6c\u884c\u5d4c\u5165\u5f0f \/ IC \u7684\u540c\u5b66<br \/>\n\u2705 \u521a\u5b66 Verilog \/ Vivado \u7684\u670b\u53cb<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>\u4e00\u3001FPGA \u57fa\u7840\u6982\u5ff5\u7c7b<\/h3>\n<h4>FPGA&#xff08;Field Programmable Gate Array&#xff09;<\/h4>\n<p>\u73b0\u573a\u53ef\u7f16\u7a0b\u95e8\u9635\u5217&#xff0c;\u4e00\u79cd\u53ef\u4ee5\u53cd\u590d\u914d\u7f6e\u903b\u8f91\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u53ef\u7f16\u7a0b\u82af\u7247\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7279\u70b9&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u4e0a\u7535\u540e\u52a0\u8f7d\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u903b\u8f91\u53ef\u91cd\u6784<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u5e76\u884c\u5904\u7406\u80fd\u529b\u5f3a<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e&#xff1a;\u901a\u4fe1\u3001\u56fe\u50cf\u3001AI \u52a0\u901f\u3001\u5de5\u4e1a\u63a7\u5236<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h4>HDL&#xff08;Hardware Description Language&#xff09;<\/h4>\n<p>\u786c\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u8bed\u8a00&#xff0c;\u7528\u6765\u201c\u63cf\u8ff0\u7535\u8def\u201d\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5e38\u89c1&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>Verilog \/ SystemVerilog<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>VHDL<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u26a0\ufe0f \u6ce8\u610f&#xff1a;<br \/>\nHDL \u4e0d\u662f\u201c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7f16\u7a0b\u201d&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5728\u63cf\u8ff0\u786c\u4ef6\u7ed3\u6784\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h4>RTL&#xff08;Register Transfer Level&#xff09;<\/h4>\n<p>\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u4f20\u8f93\u7ea7\u63cf\u8ff0&#xff0c;\u662f FPGA \u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e2d\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u62bd\u8c61\u5c42\u7ea7\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7279\u70b9&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u63cf\u8ff0\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668 &#043; \u7ec4\u5408\u903b\u8f91<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u53ef\u7efc\u5408<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u9762\u5411\u65f6\u949f\u8bbe\u8ba1<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>\u4e8c\u3001FPGA \u8bbe\u8ba1\u6d41\u7a0b\u76f8\u5173\u672f\u8bed<\/h3>\n<h4>\u7efc\u5408&#xff08;Synthesis&#xff09;<\/h4>\n<p>\u628a HDL \u4ee3\u7801\u8f6c\u6362\u6210&#xff1a;<br \/>\n\u27a1\ufe0f \u95e8\u7ea7\u7f51\u8868&#xff08;LUT\u3001FF \u7b49&#xff09;<\/p>\n<p>\u672c\u8d28&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u628a\u201c\u4ee3\u7801\u201d\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6210\u201c\u7535\u8def\u7ed3\u6784\u201d<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h4>\u5b9e\u73b0&#xff08;Implementation&#xff09;<\/h4>\n<p>\u7efc\u5408\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5904\u7406&#xff0c;\u5305\u62ec&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u5e03\u5c40&#xff08;Place&#xff09;<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u5e03\u7ebf&#xff08;Route&#xff09;<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u65f6\u5e8f\u4f18\u5316<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u6700\u7ec8\u751f\u6210\u53ef\u4e0b\u8f7d\u5230 FPGA \u7684\u6bd4\u7279\u6d41\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h4>Bitstream&#xff08;\u6bd4\u7279\u6d41&#xff09;<\/h4>\n<p>FPGA \u7684\u201c\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u201d&#xff0c;\u4e0b\u8f7d\u540e FPGA \u624d\u80fd\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5e38\u89c1\u540e\u7f00&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>.bit<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>.bin<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>.mcs<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h4>\u4e0b\u8f7d \/ \u70e7\u5199&#xff08;Program&#xff09;<\/h4>\n<p>\u628a bit \u6587\u4ef6\u4e0b\u8f7d\u8fdb FPGA \u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>\u4e09\u3001FPGA \u7ed3\u6784\u76f8\u5173\u672f\u8bed<\/h3>\n<h4>LUT&#xff08;Look-Up Table&#xff09;<\/h4>\n<p>\u67e5\u627e\u8868&#xff0c;\u662f FPGA \u7684\u57fa\u672c\u903b\u8f91\u5355\u5143\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f5c\u7528&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u5b9e\u73b0\u7ec4\u5408\u903b\u8f91<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u201c\u53ef\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u95e8\u201d<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h4>FF&#xff08;Flip-Flop&#xff09;<\/h4>\n<p>\u89e6\u53d1\u5668&#xff0c;\u7528\u6765\u5b58\u50a8 1 bit \u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u72b6\u6001\u673a<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h4>BRAM&#xff08;Block RAM&#xff09;<\/h4>\n<p>\u7247\u4e0a RAM \u8d44\u6e90&#xff0c;\u7528\u4e8e&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>FIFO<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u7f13\u5b58<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u56fe\u50cf\u6570\u636e<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u67e5\u627e\u8868<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h4>DSP Slice<\/h4>\n<p>\u4e13\u7528\u8fd0\u7b97\u5355\u5143&#xff0c;\u9002\u5408&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u4e58\u6cd5<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>MAC<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u6570\u5b57\u4fe1\u53f7\u5904\u7406<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h4>IO Bank<\/h4>\n<p>FPGA \u7684\u5f15\u811a\u5206\u7ec4\u533a\u57df&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u7535\u538b\u6807\u51c6\u4e00\u81f4<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u652f\u6301 LVCMOS\u3001LVDS \u7b49<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>\u56db\u3001\u65f6\u5e8f\u4e0e\u7ea6\u675f\u76f8\u5173\u672f\u8bed&#xff08;\u91cd\u70b9&#xff09;<\/h3>\n<h4>Clock&#xff08;\u65f6\u949f&#xff09;<\/h4>\n<p>FPGA \u7684\u201c\u5fc3\u8df3\u201d&#xff0c;\u51b3\u5b9a\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fd0\u884c\u8282\u594f\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h4>\u65f6\u5e8f\u7ea6\u675f&#xff08;Timing Constraint&#xff09;<\/h4>\n<p>\u544a\u8bc9\u5de5\u5177&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u65f6\u949f\u9891\u7387\u662f\u591a\u5c11<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u8f93\u5165\u8f93\u51fa\u5ef6\u8fdf<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u591a\u65f6\u949f\u5173\u7cfb<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5e38\u89c1\u7ea6\u675f\u6587\u4ef6&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>.xdc<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h4>Setup Time \/ Hold Time<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u5efa\u7acb\u65f6\u95f4&#xff08;Setup&#xff09;&#xff1a;\u6570\u636e\u5728\u65f6\u949f\u524d\u7a33\u5b9a<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u4fdd\u6301\u65f6\u95f4&#xff08;Hold&#xff09;&#xff1a;\u65f6\u949f\u540e\u4fdd\u6301\u7a33\u5b9a<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u8fdd\u53cd\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4&#xff1a;<br \/>\n\u274c \u65f6\u5e8f\u9519\u8bef<br \/>\n\u274c \u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0d\u7a33\u5b9a<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h4>Slack<\/h4>\n<p>\u65f6\u5e8f\u88d5\u91cf&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u6b63\u6570&#xff1a;\u5b89\u5168 \u2705<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u8d1f\u6570&#xff1a;\u65f6\u5e8f\u8fdd\u89c4 \u274c<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h4>CDC&#xff08;Clock Domain Crossing&#xff09;<\/h4>\n<p>\u8de8\u65f6\u949f\u57df\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5e38\u89c1\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u5f0f&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u53cc\u89e6\u53d1\u5668<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>FIFO<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u5f02\u6b65\u63e1\u624b<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>\u4e94\u3001\u4ee3\u7801\u4e0e\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e38\u89c1\u672f\u8bed<\/h3>\n<h4>FSM&#xff08;Finite State Machine&#xff09;<\/h4>\n<p>\u6709\u9650\u72b6\u6001\u673a&#xff0c;FPGA \u4e2d\u975e\u5e38\u5e38\u89c1&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>Moore<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Mealy<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u7528\u4e8e&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u534f\u8bae\u89e3\u6790<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u63a7\u5236\u903b\u8f91<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u6d41\u7a0b\u7ba1\u7406<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h4>Pipeline&#xff08;\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf&#xff09;<\/h4>\n<p>\u628a\u4e00\u6761\u957f\u8def\u5f84\u62c6\u6210\u591a\u7ea7&#xff0c;\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e3b\u9891\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u9ad8\u901f\u63a5\u53e3<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u7b97\u6cd5\u52a0\u901f<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u89c6\u9891\u5904\u7406<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h4>IP Core<\/h4>\n<p>\u5382\u5546\u6216\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u6a21\u5757&#xff0c;\u5982&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>FIFO<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>DDR<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>PLL<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>PCIe<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h4>AXI<\/h4>\n<p>ARM \u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u603b\u7ebf\u534f\u8bae&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>AXI4<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>AXI-Stream<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>AXI-Lite<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5728 Zynq \/ SoC FPGA \u4e2d\u5927\u91cf\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>\u516d\u3001\u8c03\u8bd5\u4e0e\u9a8c\u8bc1\u76f8\u5173<\/h3>\n<h4>\u4eff\u771f&#xff08;Simulation&#xff09;<\/h4>\n<p>\u9a8c\u8bc1\u903b\u8f91\u662f\u5426\u6b63\u786e&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u529f\u80fd\u4eff\u771f<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u65f6\u5e8f\u4eff\u771f<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5de5\u5177&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>ModelSim<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Questa<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Vivado Simulator<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h4>\u6ce2\u5f62&#xff08;Waveform&#xff09;<\/h4>\n<p>\u4eff\u771f\u8f93\u51fa\u4fe1\u53f7\u6ce2\u5f62&#xff0c;\u7528\u6765\u5206\u6790\u903b\u8f91\u884c\u4e3a\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h4>ILA&#xff08;\u903b\u8f91\u5206\u6790\u4eea&#xff09;<\/h4>\n<p>FPGA 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