{"id":61905,"date":"2026-01-18T20:25:57","date_gmt":"2026-01-18T12:25:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/61905.html"},"modified":"2026-01-18T20:25:57","modified_gmt":"2026-01-18T12:25:57","slug":"linux%e6%9c%8d%e5%8a%a1%e5%99%a8%e5%93%8d%e5%ba%94%e5%8f%98%e6%85%a2%ef%bc%8c%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%bf%ab%e9%80%9f%e5%ae%9a%e4%bd%8d%e7%93%b6%e9%a2%88%e6%96%b9%e5%90%91%ef%bc%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/61905.html","title":{"rendered":"linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u54cd\u5e94\u53d8\u6162\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u5feb\u901f\u5b9a\u4f4d\u74f6\u9888\u65b9\u5411\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e09\u6b65\u5feb\u901f\u68c0\u67e5\u6cd5，\u572860\u79d2\u5185\u5224\u65ad\u74f6\u9888\u5927\u81f4\u662fCPU\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u3001IO\u8fd8\u662f\u7f51\u7edc\u3002<\/h3>\n

\n# 1. CPU\u74f6\u9888\u68c0\u67e5 (\u524d5\u884c)
\ntop -bn1 | head -5
\n# \u5173\u952e\u6307\u6807：%Cpu(s)\u884c，us(\u7528\u6237\u6001)\u9ad8\u8868\u793a\u5e94\u7528\u8ba1\u7b97\u5bc6\u96c6，sy(\u7cfb\u7edf\u6001)\u9ad8\u8868\u793a\u5185\u6838\u8c03\u7528\u9891\u7e41
\n# \u51b3\u7b56：\u5982\u679cus+sy\u6301\u7eed>80%，\u53ef\u80fd\u662fCPU\u74f6\u9888<\/p>\n

# 2. \u5185\u5b58\u74f6\u9888\u68c0\u67e5
\nfree -h
\n# \u5173\u952e\u6307\u6807：available\u5b57\u6bb5（\u771f\u6b63\u53ef\u7528\u5185\u5b58），swap used（\u4ea4\u6362\u4f7f\u7528\u91cf）
\n# \u51b3\u7b56：\u5982\u679cavailable\u5f88\u5c11\u4e14swap used\u6301\u7eed\u589e\u957f，\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u5185\u5b58\u74f6\u9888<\/p>\n

# 3. IO\u74f6\u9888\u68c0\u67e5
\niostat -dx 1 3 | tail -10
\n# \u5173\u952e\u6307\u6807：%util（\u5229\u7528\u7387），await（\u54cd\u5e94\u65f6\u95f4）
\n# \u51b3\u7b56：\u5982\u679c%util\u6301\u7eed>80%\u4e14await\u5f88\u9ad8，\u53ef\u80fd\u662fIO\u74f6\u9888<\/p>\n

# \u5185\u5b58\u95ee\u9898\u533a\u5206：
\n# – \u5e94\u7528\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f：\u89c2\u5bdf\u8fdb\u7a0bRES\u6301\u7eed\u589e\u957f\u4e14\u4e0d\u91ca\u653e（\u7528`top`\u7136\u540e\u6309M\u6309\u5185\u5b58\u6392\u5e8f）
\n# – \u7cfb\u7edf\u7f13\u5b58\u5360\u7528：free\u663e\u793acached\/buffers\u5f88\u5927，\u4f46available\u5145\u8db3
\n# \u4f7f\u7528`ps aux –sort=-%mem`\u6216`smem`\u67e5\u770b\u5177\u4f53\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528<\/p>\n

<\/h2>\n

\u4e00\u3001CPU\u68c0\u67e5\u547d\u4ee4<\/h4>\n

top\u00a0\u547d\u4ee4\u662f Linux \u7cfb\u7edf\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u5b9e\u65f6\u6027\u80fd\u76d1\u63a7\u5de5\u5177，\u53ef\u4ee5\u52a8\u6001\u67e5\u770b\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u8fd0\u884c\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/h5>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u7b2c\u4e00\u884c：\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6982\u8ff0\u00a0 \u00a0 \u7b2c\u4e8c\u884c：\u8fdb\u7a0b\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u7b2c\u4e09\u884c：cpu\u7684\u72b6\u6001（us+sy）>70\u53ef\u80fd\u74f6\u9888<\/h5>\n
\u7b2c\u56db\u3001\u4e94\u884c：\u5185\u5b58\u72b6\u6001\u4fe1\u606f<\/h5>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u68c0\u67e5\u547d\u4ee4\u8be6\u89e3<\/h4>\n

free\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u67e5\u8be2\u5185\u5b58\u8be6\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f，\u67e5\u8be2\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u60c5\u51b5<\/h5>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

  • \n
    \u4e0d\u8981\u53ea\u770b\u00a0free\u00a0\u503c：Linux\u4f1a\u5145\u5206\u5229\u7528\u5185\u5b58\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7f13\u5b58<\/h5>\n<\/li>\n
  • \n
    \u5173\u6ce8\u00a0available\u00a0\u503c：\u8fd9\u624d\u662f\u771f\u6b63\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u5185\u5b58<\/h5>\n<\/li>\n

    \u4e09\u3001\u78c1\u76d8\u7684\u68c0\u67e5\u547d\u4ee4\u8be6\u89e3<\/h4>\n

    1\u3001df\u00a0\u663e\u793a\u78c1\u76d8\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5<\/h5>\n

    \"\"<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

    2\u3001iostat\u00a0\u7528\u4e8e\u76d1\u63a7\u7cfb\u7edfCPU\u548c\u78c1\u76d8I\/O\u6027\u80fd<\/h5>\n

    \"\"<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

    \u56db\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u68c0\u67e5\u547d\u4ee4\u8be6\u89e3<\/h4>\n

    1\u3001\u00a0ss\u00a0\u547d\u4ee4\u8be6\u89e3<\/h5>\n

    \"\"<\/p>\n

    2\u3001netstat \u5728\u4e4b\u524d\u8001\u7248\u672c\u7684linux\u53ef\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528，\u8fd9\u91cc\u4e0d\u622a\u56fe\u4e86，netstat\u6bd4\u8f83\u6162<\/h5>\n<\/p>\n

    \u4e94\u3001\u8fdb\u7a0b\u68c0\u67e5\u547d\u4ee4\u8be6\u89e3<\/h4>\n

    ps\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u8be2\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/h5>\n

    1\u3001ps\u00a0 aux \u663e\u793a\u6240\u6709\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u4fe1\u606f<\/p>\n

    2\u3001ps\u00a0 aux –sort=-%cpu\u00a0 | head -10 \u6309\u7167cpu\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u6765\u6392\u5e8f<\/p>\n

    3\u3001ps\u00a0 aux –sort=-%men | head -10 \u6309\u7167\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u6765\u6392\u5e8f<\/p>\n

    4\u3001ps -ef | grep nginx \u67e5\u8be2\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/p>\n

    \u6ce8\u610f\u70b9：aux \u53ef\u4ee5\u663e\u793acou\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u3001\u865a\u62df\u548c\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u5927\u5c0f\u3001\u8fdb\u7a0b\u72b6\u6001，\u4f46-ef\u4e0d\u53ef\u4ee5<\/p>\n

    \"\"<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

    \u516d\u3001\u5173\u952e\u6307\u6807\u9608\u503c\u53c2\u8003<\/h4>\n\n\u6307\u6807\u6b63\u5e38\u8303\u56f4\u8b66\u544a\u9608\u503c\u4e25\u91cd\u9608\u503c\u68c0\u67e5\u547d\u4ee4<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    CPU\u4f7f\u7528\u7387<\/td>\n< 70%<\/td>\n70-85%<\/td>\n> 85%<\/td>\ntop,\u00a0vmstat<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\u7387<\/td>\n< 80%<\/td>\n80-90%<\/td>\n> 90%<\/td>\nfree -h<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u78c1\u76d8\u4f7f\u7528\u7387<\/td>\n< 80%<\/td>\n80-90%<\/td>\n> 90%<\/td>\ndf -h<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u78c1\u76d8I\/O\u7b49\u5f85<\/td>\n< 5%<\/td>\n5-20%<\/td>\n> 20%<\/td>\niostat -x<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u7cfb\u7edf\u8d1f\u8f7d<\/td>\n< CPU\u6838\u5fc3\u6570<\/td>\nCPU\u6838\u5fc3\u6570\u00d72<\/td>\nCPU\u6838\u5fc3\u6570\u00d74<\/td>\nuptime<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    TCP\u8fde\u63a5\u6570<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n> 10000<\/td>\n> 50000<\/td>\nss -t<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u50f5\u5c38\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n> 0<\/td>\n> 5<\/td>\nps aux | grep Z<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u4ea4\u6362\u5206\u533a\u4f7f\u7528<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n> 0<\/td>\n> 50%<\/td>\nfree -h<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

    \u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0a\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u89e3\u91ca，\u4f60\u5e94\u8be5\u80fd\u591f：<\/p>\n

  • \n

    \u7406\u89e3\u6bcf\u4e2a\u76d1\u63a7\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u542b\u4e49<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    \u8bc6\u522b\u7cfb\u7edf\u74f6\u9888\u7684\u5173\u952e\u6307\u6807<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    \u5feb\u901f\u5224\u65ad\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u5426\u6b63\u5e38<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    \u51c6\u786e\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6027\u80fd\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u6839\u6e90<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    \u5efa\u8bae\u5b9a\u671f\u8fd0\u884c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u547d\u4ee4，\u4e86\u89e3\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6b63\u5e38\u57fa\u7ebf，\u8fd9\u6837\u5f53\u95ee\u9898\u53d1\u751f\u65f6，\u53ef\u4ee5\u5feb\u901f\u8bc6\u522b\u5f02\u5e38\u3002<\/p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    \u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e09\u6b65\u5feb\u901f\u68c0\u67e5\u6cd5，\u572860\u79d2\u5185\u5224\u65ad\u74f6\u9888\u5927\u81f4\u662fCPU\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u3001IO\u8fd8\u662f\u7f51\u7edc\u3002# 1. CPU\u74f6\u9888\u68c0\u67e5 (\u524d5\u884c)
    \ntop -bn1 | head -5
    \n# \u5173\u952e\u6307\u6807：%Cpu(s)\u884c，us(\u7528\u6237\u6001)\u9ad8\u8868\u793a\u5e94\u7528\u8ba1\u7b97\u5bc6\u96c6，sy(\u7cfb\u7edf\u6001)\u9ad8\u8868\u793a\u5185\u6838\u8c03\u7528\u9891\u7e41
    \n# \u51b3\u7b56：\u5982\u679cussy\u6301\u7eed>80%，\u53ef\u80fd\u662fCPU\u74f6\u9888# 2. \u5185\u5b58\u74f6\u9888\u68c0\u67e5
    \nfree -h
    \n# \u5173\u952e\u6307\u6807：available\u5b57\u6bb5&<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":61899,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[58,43,44],"topic":[],"class_list":["post-61905","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-server","tag-linux","tag-43","tag-44"],"yoast_head":"\nlinux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u54cd\u5e94\u53d8\u6162\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u5feb\u901f\u5b9a\u4f4d\u74f6\u9888\u65b9\u5411\uff1f - \u7f51\u7855\u4e92\u8054\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2d\u5fc3<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/61905.html\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"zh_CN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u54cd\u5e94\u53d8\u6162\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u5feb\u901f\u5b9a\u4f4d\u74f6\u9888\u65b9\u5411\uff1f - \u7f51\u7855\u4e92\u8054\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2d\u5fc3\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e09\u6b65\u5feb\u901f\u68c0\u67e5\u6cd5，\u572860\u79d2\u5185\u5224\u65ad\u74f6\u9888\u5927\u81f4\u662fCPU\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u3001IO\u8fd8\u662f\u7f51\u7edc\u3002# 1. 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