{"id":61497,"date":"2026-01-17T20:58:23","date_gmt":"2026-01-17T12:58:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/61497.html"},"modified":"2026-01-17T20:58:23","modified_gmt":"2026-01-17T12:58:23","slug":"ivf%ef%bc%88inverted-file%ef%bc%89%e5%8e%9f%e7%90%86%e5%9b%be%e8%a7%a3%ef%bc%9a%e9%ab%98%e7%bb%b4%e5%90%91%e9%87%8f%e7%9a%84%e5%88%86%e6%a1%b6%e5%8a%a0%e9%80%9f%e6%90%9c%e7%b4%a2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/61497.html","title":{"rendered":"IVF\uff08Inverted File\uff09\u539f\u7406\u56fe\u89e3\uff1a\u9ad8\u7ef4\u5411\u91cf\u7684\u5206\u6876\u52a0\u901f\u641c\u7d22"},"content":{"rendered":"<\/p>\n<h4>\u6587\u7ae0\u76ee\u5f55<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>1. \u6838\u5fc3\u903b\u8f91&#xff1a;\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u9700\u8981\u201c\u5206\u6876\u201d&#xff1f;<\/li>\n<li>2. IVF \u6838\u5fc3\u7ec4\u4ef6\u4e0e\u7ed3\u6784<\/li>\n<li>\n<ul>\n<li>2.1. \u6838\u5fc3\u7ec4\u4ef6<\/li>\n<li>2.2. \u6574\u4f53\u7ed3\u6784\u793a\u610f\u56fe<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>3. IVF \u5173\u952e\u6d41\u7a0b&#xff1a;\u6784\u5efa\u4e0e\u641c\u7d22<\/li>\n<li>\n<ul>\n<li>3.1. \u7d22\u5f15\u6784\u5efa&#xff1a;\u805a\u7c7b\u5206\u6876&#xff0c;\u5efa\u7acb\u5012\u6392\u8868<\/li>\n<li>\n<ul>\n<li>\u6b65\u9aa4 1&#xff1a;\u6570\u636e\u91c7\u6837\u4e0e\u805a\u7c7b&#xff08;\u751f\u6210 K \u4e2a\u4e2d\u5fc3&#xff09;<\/li>\n<li>\u6b65\u9aa4 2&#xff1a;\u5411\u91cf\u5206\u6876&#xff08;\u5206\u914d\u5230\u5012\u6392\u8868&#xff09;<\/li>\n<li>\u6b65\u9aa4 3&#xff1a;\u6876\u5185\u4f18\u5316&#xff08;\u53ef\u9009&#xff0c;\u63d0\u5347\u641c\u7d22\u6548\u7387&#xff09;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>3.2. \u67e5\u8be2\u641c\u7d22&#xff1a;\u7c97\u7b5b\u5019\u9009\u6876 &#043; \u6876\u5185\u7cbe\u67e5<\/li>\n<li>\n<ul>\n<li>\u6b65\u9aa4 1&#xff1a;\u7c97\u7b5b&#xff08;\u627e\u5019\u9009\u6876&#xff09;<\/li>\n<li>\u6b65\u9aa4 2&#xff1a;\u6876\u5185\u7cbe\u67e5&#xff08;\u627e\u6700\u8fd1\u90bb&#xff09;<\/li>\n<li>\u6b65\u9aa4 3&#xff1a;\u7ed3\u679c\u8fd4\u56de<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>4. \u5173\u952e\u53c2\u6570\u8bf4\u660e&#xff08;\u6027\u80fd\u5e73\u8861\u6838\u5fc3&#xff09;<\/li>\n<li>\n<ul>\n<li>\u53c2\u6570\u8c03\u4f18\u793a\u4f8b&#xff08;\u57fa\u4e8e Sift1M \u6570\u636e\u96c6&#xff0c;128 \u7ef4\u5411\u91cf&#xff09;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>5. IVF \u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u3001\u7f3a\u9677\u4e0e\u6539\u8fdb\u65b9\u5411<\/li>\n<li>\n<ul>\n<li>5.1. \u6838\u5fc3\u4f18\u52bf<\/li>\n<li>5.2. \u4e3b\u8981\u7f3a\u9677<\/li>\n<li>5.3. \u6539\u8fdb\u65b9\u5411<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>6. \u603b\u7ed3<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>HNSW\u7684\u539f\u7406\u770b\u8fd9\u91cc&#xff1a;\u56fe\u89e3 HNSW&#xff08;Hierarchical Navigable Small Worlds&#xff09;\u539f\u7406<\/p>\n<p>IVF&#xff08;Inverted File&#xff09;\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7ecf\u5178\u7684\u8fd1\u4f3c\u6700\u8fd1\u90bb&#xff08;ANN&#xff09;\u641c\u7d22\u7b97\u6cd5&#xff0c;\u6838\u5fc3\u601d\u60f3\u662f\u201c\u5206\u6876&#xff08;\u805a\u7c7b&#xff09;&#043; \u5c40\u90e8\u641c\u7d22\u201d\u2014\u2014\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u9ad8\u7ef4\u5411\u91cf\u6309\u805a\u7c7b\u5212\u5206\u5230\u4e0d\u540c\u201c\u6876\u201d&#xff08;\u805a\u7c7b\u4e2d\u5fc3&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u641c\u7d22\u65f6\u4ec5\u5728\u76ee\u6807\u6876\u53ca\u90bb\u8fd1\u6876\u5185\u67e5\u627e&#xff0c;\u5927\u5e45\u51cf\u5c11\u9700\u6bd4\u5bf9\u7684\u5411\u91cf\u6570\u91cf&#xff0c;\u5b9e\u73b0\u641c\u7d22\u52a0\u901f\u3002\u5176\u7ed3\u6784\u7b80\u5355\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u6548\u7387\u9ad8&#xff0c;\u662f\u9ad8\u7ef4\u5411\u91cf\u641c\u7d22\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e4b\u4e00&#xff0c;\u5e38\u4e0e HNSW\u3001PQ&#xff08;\u4e58\u79ef\u91cf\u5316&#xff09;\u7b49\u7b97\u6cd5\u7ed3\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>1. \u6838\u5fc3\u903b\u8f91&#xff1a;\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u9700\u8981\u201c\u5206\u6876\u201d&#xff1f;<\/h2>\n<p>\u9ad8\u7ef4\u5411\u91cf\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u66b4\u529b\u641c\u7d22&#xff08;\u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u5411\u91cf\u8ba1\u7b97\u76f8\u4f3c\u5ea6&#xff09;\u5b58\u5728\u81f4\u547d\u7f3a\u9677&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a O(N\u00d7D)&#xff08;N \u4e3a\u5411\u91cf\u603b\u6570&#xff0c;D \u4e3a\u5411\u91cf\u7ef4\u5ea6&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u767e\u4e07\u7ea7\u4ee5\u4e0a\u6570\u636e\u65f6\u641c\u7d22\u901f\u5ea6\u6781\u6162&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<li>\u9ad8\u7ef4\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u201c\u8ddd\u79bb\u201d\u5931\u53bb\u76f4\u89c2\u610f\u4e49&#xff08;\u7ef4\u5ea6\u707e\u96be&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u5168\u5c40\u641c\u7d22\u6548\u7387\u4f4e\u4e0b\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>IVF \u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848&#xff1a;\u201c\u5148\u7c97\u7b5b&#xff08;\u627e\u5019\u9009\u6876&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u518d\u7cbe\u67e5&#xff08;\u6876\u5185\u641c\u7d22&#xff09;\u201d \u901a\u8fc7\u805a\u7c7b\u5c06\u76f8\u4f3c\u5411\u91cf\u5f52\u4e3a\u4e00\u7c7b&#xff08;\u6876&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u641c\u7d22\u65f6\u5148\u5b9a\u4f4d\u4e0e\u67e5\u8be2\u5411\u91cf\u6700\u76f8\u4f3c\u7684\u51e0\u4e2a\u6876&#xff0c;\u518d\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6876\u5185\u8fdb\u884c\u7cbe\u51c6\u641c\u7d22&#xff0c;\u907f\u514d\u5168\u5c40\u904d\u5386\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/20260117125815-696b87674dcb7.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&#xff08;\u793a\u610f\u56fe\u8bf4\u660e&#xff1a;\u5de6\u56fe\u4e3a\u66b4\u529b\u641c\u7d22&#xff0c;\u9700\u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u5411\u91cf&#xff1b;\u53f3\u56fe\u4e3a IVF \u641c\u7d22&#xff0c;\u4ec5\u904d\u5386\u76ee\u6807\u6876\u53ca\u90bb\u8fd1\u6876\u7684\u5411\u91cf&#xff0c;\u641c\u7d22\u8303\u56f4\u5927\u5e45\u7f29\u5c0f\u3002&#xff09;<\/p>\n<h2>2. IVF \u6838\u5fc3\u7ec4\u4ef6\u4e0e\u7ed3\u6784<\/h2>\n<p>IVF \u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u7ed3\u6784\u7531\u201c\u805a\u7c7b\u4e2d\u5fc3\u201d\u548c\u201c\u5012\u6392\u8868&#xff08;\u6876&#xff09;\u201d\u7ec4\u6210&#xff0c;\u6574\u4f53\u67b6\u6784\u5982\u4e0b&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<h3>2.1. \u6838\u5fc3\u7ec4\u4ef6<\/h3>\n<table>\n<tr>\u7ec4\u4ef6\u4f5c\u7528\u7ec6\u8282\u8bf4\u660e<\/tr>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u805a\u7c7b\u4e2d\u5fc3&#xff08;Centroids&#xff09;<\/td>\n<td>\u6876\u7684\u201c\u4ee3\u8868\u201d<\/td>\n<td>\u5171 K \u4e2a&#xff08;\u53c2\u6570 K \u4e3a\u6876\u6570&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u901a\u8fc7\u805a\u7c7b\u7b97\u6cd5&#xff08;\u5982 k-means&#xff09;\u4ece\u6240\u6709\u5411\u91cf\u4e2d\u5b66\u4e60\u5f97\u5230&#xff0c;\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4e2d\u5fc3\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e00\u4e2a\u6876<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u5012\u6392\u8868&#xff08;Inverted List&#xff09;<\/td>\n<td>\u5b58\u50a8\u6876\u5185\u5411\u91cf<\/td>\n<td>\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6876\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5012\u6392\u8868\u9879&#xff0c;\u5305\u542b\u8be5\u6876\u5185\u6240\u6709\u5411\u91cf\u7684\u7d22\u5f15&#xff08;\u6216\u5411\u91cf\u672c\u8eab&#xff09;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u91cf\u5316\u5668&#xff08;Quantizer&#xff09;<\/td>\n<td>\u5411\u91cf\u5206\u6876\u4f9d\u636e<\/td>\n<td>\u8d1f\u8d23\u8ba1\u7b97\u67e5\u8be2\u5411\u91cf\u4e0e K \u4e2a\u805a\u7c7b\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u76f8\u4f3c\u5ea6&#xff0c;\u786e\u5b9a\u76ee\u6807\u6876<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>2.2. \u6574\u4f53\u7ed3\u6784\u793a\u610f\u56fe<\/h3>\n<p>\u53c2\u8003 https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v&#061;chz74Mtd1AA<\/p>\n<table>\n<tr>\u56fe\u89e3\u542b\u4e49<\/tr>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/20260117125816-696b8768b9461.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" \/><\/td>\n<td>\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65&#xff0c;\u5bf9\u6240\u6709\u5411\u91cf\u8fdb\u884c\u805a\u7c7b&#xff0c;\u5f97\u5230\u805a\u7c7b\u4e2d\u5fc3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/20260117125817-696b87691b3b3.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" \/><\/td>\n<td>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b65&#xff0c;\u8ba1\u7b97\u67e5\u8be2\u5411\u91cf\u4e0e\u6bcf\u4e2a\u805a\u7c7b\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u8ddd\u79bb&#xff0c;\u627e\u5230\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u805a\u7c7b\u4e2d\u5fc3&#xff08;\u5982\u56fe\u4e2d\u662f\u9ec4\u8272&#xff09;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/20260117125817-696b8769741c3.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" \/><\/td>\n<td>\u7b2c\u4e09\u6b65&#xff0c;\u8ba1\u7b97\u67e5\u8be2\u5411\u91cf\u548c\u9009\u4e2d\u7684\u805a\u7c7b&#xff08;\u9ec4\u8272&#xff09;\u4e2d\u6bcf\u4e2a\u70b9\u7684\u8ddd\u79bb&#xff0c;\u9009\u51fatop k\u4e2a\u6700\u8fd1\u7684&#xff0c;\u8fd4\u56de\u3002&#xff08;\u6ce8\u610f\u5230&#xff0c;\u7ea2\u8272\u533a\u57df\u4e2d\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u70b9\u548c\u67e5\u8be2\u5411\u91cf\u66f4\u63a5\u8fd1\u3010d_2\u3011&#xff0c;\u4f46\u662f\u8be5\u70b9\u7531\u4e8e\u6240\u5728\u7684\u805a\u7c7b\u4e2d\u5fc3\u4e0d\u5982\u9ec4\u8272\u805a\u7c7b&#xff0c;\u6240\u4ee5\u4e0d\u4f1a\u88ab\u8003\u8651\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u5176\u5b9e\u66b4\u9732\u51fa\u4e86IVF\u7684\u4e0d\u8db3\u2014\u2014\u6709\u65f6\u4f1a\u635f\u5931\u6700\u7cbe\u786e\u7684\u7ed3\u679c&#xff0c;\u4f46\u4ece\u68c0\u7d22\u6548\u7387\u4e0a\u6765\u770b&#xff0c;\u727a\u7272\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u7cbe\u786e\u5ea6\u662f\u503c\u5f97\u7684\u3002&#xff09;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>3. IVF \u5173\u952e\u6d41\u7a0b&#xff1a;\u6784\u5efa\u4e0e\u641c\u7d22<\/h2>\n<p>IVF \u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u6d41\u7a0b\u5206\u4e3a\u201c\u7d22\u5f15\u6784\u5efa\u201d\u548c\u201c\u67e5\u8be2\u641c\u7d22\u201d\u4e24\u6b65&#xff0c;\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u76f4\u63a5\u5f71\u54cd\u641c\u7d22\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>3.1. \u7d22\u5f15\u6784\u5efa&#xff1a;\u805a\u7c7b\u5206\u6876&#xff0c;\u5efa\u7acb\u5012\u6392\u8868<\/h3>\n<p>\u6784\u5efa\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u662f\u201c\u901a\u8fc7\u805a\u7c7b\u751f\u6210\u6876&#xff0c;\u5c06\u5411\u91cf\u5206\u914d\u5230\u5bf9\u5e94\u6876\u4e2d\u201d&#xff0c;\u6b65\u9aa4\u5982\u4e0b&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<h4>\u6b65\u9aa4 1&#xff1a;\u6570\u636e\u91c7\u6837\u4e0e\u805a\u7c7b&#xff08;\u751f\u6210 K \u4e2a\u4e2d\u5fc3&#xff09;<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4ece\u539f\u59cb\u5411\u91cf\u96c6\u5408&#xff08;\u8bb0\u4e3a X&#xff0c;\u5171 N \u4e2a\u5411\u91cf&#xff09;\u4e2d\u91c7\u6837\u90e8\u5206\u5411\u91cf&#xff08;\u6216\u5168\u91cf\u5411\u91cf&#xff09;&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528 k-means \u7b97\u6cd5\u5bf9\u91c7\u6837\u5411\u91cf\u805a\u7c7b&#xff0c;\u5f97\u5230 K \u4e2a\u805a\u7c7b\u4e2d\u5fc3&#xff08;\u8bb0\u4e3a C &#061; [c\u2081, c\u2082, \u2026, c_K]&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4e2d\u5fc3\u4ee3\u8868\u4e00\u4e2a\u6876\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u6b65\u9aa4 2&#xff1a;\u5411\u91cf\u5206\u6876&#xff08;\u5206\u914d\u5230\u5012\u6392\u8868&#xff09;<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5bf9\u6bcf\u4e2a\u539f\u59cb\u5411\u91cf x_i \u2208 X&#xff0c;\u8ba1\u7b97 x_i \u4e0e K \u4e2a\u805a\u7c7b\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u76f8\u4f3c\u5ea6&#xff08;\u5982\u6b27\u6c0f\u8ddd\u79bb\u3001\u4f59\u5f26\u76f8\u4f3c\u5ea6&#xff09;&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<li>\u5c06 x_i \u5206\u914d\u5230\u201c\u6700\u76f8\u4f3c\u7684\u805a\u7c7b\u4e2d\u5fc3\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6876\u201d\u4e2d&#xff08;\u5373\u201c\u786c\u5206\u914d\u201d&#xff0c;\u4e00\u4e2a\u5411\u91cf\u4ec5\u5c5e\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u6876&#xff09;&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<li>\u6240\u6709\u5411\u91cf\u5206\u914d\u5b8c\u6210\u540e&#xff0c;\u5f62\u6210 K \u4e2a\u5012\u6392\u8868&#xff08;\u6876&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6876\u5b58\u50a8\u8be5\u7c7b\u5411\u91cf\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u6216\u539f\u59cb\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u6b65\u9aa4 3&#xff1a;\u6876\u5185\u4f18\u5316&#xff08;\u53ef\u9009&#xff0c;\u63d0\u5347\u641c\u7d22\u6548\u7387&#xff09;<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5bf9\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6876\u5185\u7684\u5411\u91cf\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f&#xff08;\u5982\u6309\u4e0e\u805a\u7c7b\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u8ddd\u79bb\u6392\u5e8f&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u6216\u6784\u5efa\u5c40\u90e8\u7d22\u5f15&#xff08;\u5982 k-d \u6811\u3001Flat \u7d22\u5f15&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u51cf\u5c11\u6876\u5185\u67e5\u627e\u65f6\u7684\u6bd4\u5bf9\u6b21\u6570\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/20260117125818-696b876a5e74c.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&#xff08;\u793a\u610f\u56fe\u8bf4\u660e&#xff1a;\u2460 \u539f\u59cb\u5411\u91cf\u96c6\u5408&#xff08;\u6742\u4e71\u5206\u5e03&#xff09;&#xff1b;\u2461 k-means \u805a\u7c7b\u751f\u6210 K \u4e2a\u4e2d\u5fc3&#xff1b;\u2462 \u6bcf\u4e2a\u5411\u91cf\u5206\u914d\u5230\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u4e2d\u5fc3\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6876&#xff1b;\u2463 \u6700\u7ec8\u5f62\u6210 K \u4e2a\u6709\u5e8f\u6876&#xff0c;\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6876\u5185\u5411\u91cf\u76f8\u4f3c\u5ea6\u8f83\u9ad8\u3002&#xff09;<\/p>\n<h3>3.2. \u67e5\u8be2\u641c\u7d22&#xff1a;\u7c97\u7b5b\u5019\u9009\u6876 &#043; \u6876\u5185\u7cbe\u67e5<\/h3>\n<p>\u641c\u7d22\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u662f\u201c\u5148\u5feb\u901f\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5019\u9009\u6876&#xff0c;\u518d\u5728\u6876\u5185\u7cbe\u51c6\u67e5\u627e\u6700\u8fd1\u90bb\u201d&#xff0c;\u6b65\u9aa4\u5982\u4e0b&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<h4>\u6b65\u9aa4 1&#xff1a;\u7c97\u7b5b&#xff08;\u627e\u5019\u9009\u6876&#xff09;<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u8f93\u5165\u67e5\u8be2\u5411\u91cf q&#xff0c;\u8ba1\u7b97 q \u4e0e K \u4e2a\u805a\u7c7b\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u76f8\u4f3c\u5ea6&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<li>\u9009\u62e9\u76f8\u4f3c\u5ea6\u6700\u9ad8\u7684 nprobe \u4e2a\u805a\u7c7b\u4e2d\u5fc3&#xff08;\u53c2\u6570 nprobe \u4e3a\u201c\u67e5\u8be2\u65f6\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u6876\u6570\u201d&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684 nprobe \u4e2a\u6876\u5373\u4e3a\u5019\u9009\u6876\u3002\n<ul>\n<li>\u5173\u952e&#xff1a;nprobe \u8d8a\u5c0f&#xff0c;\u641c\u7d22\u8d8a\u5feb\u4f46\u53ec\u56de\u7387\u53ef\u80fd\u8d8a\u4f4e&#xff1b;nprobe \u8d8a\u5927&#xff0c;\u53ec\u56de\u7387\u8d8a\u9ad8\u4f46\u641c\u7d22\u8d8a\u6162\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u6b65\u9aa4 2&#xff1a;\u6876\u5185\u7cbe\u67e5&#xff08;\u627e\u6700\u8fd1\u90bb&#xff09;<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u904d\u5386 nprobe \u4e2a\u5019\u9009\u6876&#xff0c;\u53d6\u51fa\u6876\u5185\u6240\u6709\u5411\u91cf&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<li>\u8ba1\u7b97\u67e5\u8be2\u5411\u91cf q \u4e0e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5411\u91cf\u7684\u76f8\u4f3c\u5ea6&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<li>\u6309\u76f8\u4f3c\u5ea6\u6392\u5e8f&#xff0c;\u53d6 Top-K \u4e2a\u6700\u76f8\u4f3c\u7684\u5411\u91cf\u4f5c\u4e3a\u67e5\u8be2\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u6b65\u9aa4 3&#xff1a;\u7ed3\u679c\u8fd4\u56de<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5408\u5e76 nprobe \u4e2a\u6876\u5185\u7684 Top-K \u7ed3\u679c&#xff0c;\u53bb\u91cd\u540e\u6309\u76f8\u4f3c\u5ea6\u6392\u5e8f&#xff0c;\u8fd4\u56de\u6700\u7ec8\u7684\u8fd1\u4f3c\u6700\u8fd1\u90bb\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/20260117125819-696b876be2394.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&#xff08;\u793a\u610f\u56fe\u8bf4\u660e&#xff1a;\u2460 \u8f93\u5165\u67e5\u8be2\u5411\u91cf q&#xff1b;\u2461 \u8ba1\u7b97 q \u4e0e\u6240\u6709\u805a\u7c7b\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u8ddd\u79bb&#xff0c;\u9009\u62e9\u6700\u8fd1\u7684 2 \u4e2a&#xff08;nprobe&#061;2&#xff09;\u5019\u9009\u6876&#xff1b;\u2462 \u904d\u5386\u5019\u9009\u6876\u5185\u5411\u91cf&#xff0c;\u8ba1\u7b97\u76f8\u4f3c\u5ea6&#xff1b;\u2463 \u6392\u5e8f\u540e\u8fd4\u56de Top-K \u7ed3\u679c\u3002&#xff09;<\/p>\n<h2>4. \u5173\u952e\u53c2\u6570\u8bf4\u660e&#xff08;\u6027\u80fd\u5e73\u8861\u6838\u5fc3&#xff09;<\/h2>\n<p>IVF \u7684\u6027\u80fd&#xff08;\u641c\u7d22\u901f\u5ea6\u3001\u53ec\u56de\u7387\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u5360\u7528&#xff09;\u7531\u4e24\u4e2a\u6838\u5fc3\u53c2\u6570\u63a7\u5236&#xff0c;\u8c03\u6574\u903b\u8f91\u5982\u4e0b&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<table>\n<tr>\u53c2\u6570\u542b\u4e49\u5bf9\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u5178\u578b\u53d6\u503c<\/tr>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>K<\/td>\n<td>\u805a\u7c7b\u4e2d\u5fc3\u6570\u91cf&#xff08;\u6876\u6570&#xff09;<\/td>\n<td>&#8211; K \u8d8a\u5927&#xff1a;\u6876\u5185\u5411\u91cf\u8d8a\u5c11&#xff0c;\u6876\u5185\u641c\u7d22\u8d8a\u5feb&#xff1b;\u4f46\u805a\u7c7b\u4e2d\u5fc3\u8d8a\u591a&#xff0c;\u7c97\u7b5b\u9636\u6bb5\u8ba1\u7b97\u91cf\u8d8a\u5927&#xff0c;\u4e14\u6613\u51fa\u73b0\u201c\u6876\u5206\u5e03\u4e0d\u5747\u201d&#xff08;\u90e8\u5206\u6876\u5411\u91cf\u8fc7\u591a&#xff09;- K \u8d8a\u5c0f&#xff1a;\u7c97\u7b5b\u8d8a\u5feb&#xff0c;\u4f46\u6876\u5185\u5411\u91cf\u8d8a\u591a&#xff0c;\u6876\u5185\u641c\u7d22\u8d8a\u6162<\/td>\n<td>\u901a\u5e38\u53d6 \u221aN&#xff08;\u5982 N&#061;100 \u4e07\u65f6&#xff0c;K&#061;1000&#xff09;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>nprobe<\/td>\n<td>\u641c\u7d22\u65f6\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u5019\u9009\u6876\u6570<\/td>\n<td>&#8211; nprobe \u8d8a\u5927&#xff1a;\u8986\u76d6\u7684\u76f8\u4f3c\u5411\u91cf\u8d8a\u591a&#xff0c;\u53ec\u56de\u7387\u8d8a\u9ad8&#xff1b;\u4f46\u8bbf\u95ee\u6876\u6570\u589e\u52a0&#xff0c;\u641c\u7d22\u65f6\u95f4\u53d8\u957f- nprobe \u8d8a\u5c0f&#xff1a;\u641c\u7d22\u8d8a\u5feb&#xff0c;\u4f46\u53ef\u80fd\u9057\u6f0f\u76ee\u6807\u5411\u91cf&#xff0c;\u53ec\u56de\u7387\u964d\u4f4e<\/td>\n<td>\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c 10~50&#xff0c;\u9700\u6839\u636e\u4e1a\u52a1\u5e73\u8861\u901f\u5ea6\u4e0e\u53ec\u56de\u7387<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>\u53c2\u6570\u8c03\u4f18\u793a\u4f8b&#xff08;\u57fa\u4e8e Sift1M \u6570\u636e\u96c6&#xff0c;128 \u7ef4\u5411\u91cf&#xff09;<\/h3>\n<table>\n<tr>K&#061;1000 \u65f6nprobe&#061;10nprobe&#061;50nprobe&#061;100<\/tr>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u641c\u7d22\u901f\u5ea6<\/td>\n<td>0.1ms\/query<\/td>\n<td>0.5ms\/query<\/td>\n<td>1ms\/query<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u53ec\u56de\u7387&#xff08;Recall&#064;10&#xff09;<\/td>\n<td>75%<\/td>\n<td>92%<\/td>\n<td>97%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u53ef\u89c1&#xff1a;nprobe \u662f\u201c\u901f\u5ea6-\u53ec\u56de\u7387\u201d\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u8c03\u8282\u6760\u6746&#xff0c;K \u9700\u63d0\u524d\u6839\u636e\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u4f18\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>5. IVF \u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u3001\u7f3a\u9677\u4e0e\u6539\u8fdb\u65b9\u5411<\/h2>\n<h3>5.1. \u6838\u5fc3\u4f18\u52bf<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>\u901f\u5ea6\u5feb&#xff1a;\u907f\u514d\u5168\u5c40\u904d\u5386&#xff0c;\u641c\u7d22\u65f6\u95f4\u968f N \u589e\u957f\u7f13\u6162&#xff08;\u8fd1\u4f3c O(nprobe\u00d7(N\/K)\u00d7D)&#xff09;&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<li>\u5185\u5b58\u9ad8\u6548&#xff1a;\u4ec5\u9700\u5b58\u50a8\u805a\u7c7b\u4e2d\u5fc3\u548c\u539f\u59cb\u5411\u91cf&#xff08;\u6216\u5411\u91cf\u7d22\u5f15&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u65e0\u590d\u6742\u56fe\u7ed3\u6784\u5f00\u9500&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<li>\u517c\u5bb9\u6027\u5f3a&#xff1a;\u53ef\u4e0e PQ&#xff08;\u4e58\u79ef\u91cf\u5316&#xff09;\u7ed3\u5408&#xff08;\u5982 IVF-PQ&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u538b\u7f29\u5411\u91cf&#xff0c;\u964d\u4f4e\u5185\u5b58\u5360\u7528&#xff1b;\u4e5f\u53ef\u4e0e HNSW \u7ed3\u5408&#xff08;\u5982 IVF-HNSW&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u63d0\u5347\u6876\u5185\u641c\u7d22\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>5.2. \u4e3b\u8981\u7f3a\u9677<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>\u805a\u7c7b\u4f9d\u8d56&#xff1a;\u805a\u7c7b\u8d28\u91cf\u76f4\u63a5\u5f71\u54cd\u53ec\u56de\u7387&#xff0c;\u82e5\u5411\u91cf\u5206\u5e03\u4e0d\u5747\u5300&#xff08;\u5982\u591a\u7c07\u3001\u79bb\u7fa4\u70b9\u591a&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u6613\u51fa\u73b0\u201c\u6876\u5185\u5411\u91cf\u8fc7\u591a\u201d\u6216\u201c\u76ee\u6807\u5411\u91cf\u88ab\u5206\u5230\u975e\u6700\u4f18\u6876\u201d&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<li>\u53ec\u56de\u7387\u4e0a\u9650&#xff1a;\u4ec5\u8bbf\u95ee nprobe \u4e2a\u6876&#xff0c;\u53ef\u80fd\u9057\u6f0f\u5168\u5c40\u6700\u4f18\u7684\u6700\u8fd1\u90bb&#xff0c;\u53ec\u56de\u7387\u4f4e\u4e8e\u66b4\u529b\u641c\u7d22\u548c HNSW&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<li>\u9ad8\u7ef4\u9002\u5e94\u6027\u6709\u9650&#xff1a;\u7ef4\u5ea6\u707e\u96be\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u805a\u7c7b\u4e2d\u5fc3\u4e0e\u5411\u91cf\u7684\u76f8\u4f3c\u5ea6\u8ba1\u7b97\u7cbe\u5ea6&#xff0c;\u9ad8\u7ef4&#xff08;\u5982 D&gt;1000&#xff09;\u573a\u666f\u4e0b\u6027\u80fd\u4e0b\u964d\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>5.3. \u6539\u8fdb\u65b9\u5411<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>\u8f6f\u5206\u914d&#xff1a;\u4e00\u4e2a\u5411\u91cf\u5206\u914d\u5230\u591a\u4e2a\u76f8\u4f3c\u6876&#xff08;\u800c\u975e\u4ec5\u4e00\u4e2a&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u63d0\u5347\u53ec\u56de\u7387&#xff0c;\u4f46\u589e\u52a0\u5185\u5b58\u5f00\u9500&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<li>\u52a8\u6001\u805a\u7c7b&#xff1a;\u5b9a\u671f\u66f4\u65b0\u805a\u7c7b\u4e2d\u5fc3&#xff0c;\u9002\u5e94\u6570\u636e\u5206\u5e03\u53d8\u5316&#xff08;\u5982\u5728\u7ebf\u589e\u91cf\u6570\u636e\u573a\u666f&#xff09;&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<li>\u6df7\u5408\u7d22\u5f15&#xff1a;\u7ed3\u5408 HNSW \u4f5c\u4e3a\u201c\u7c97\u7b5b\u5668\u201d&#xff08;\u66ff\u4ee3 k-means \u805a\u7c7b&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u6216\u7ed3\u5408 PQ \u538b\u7f29\u6876\u5185\u5411\u91cf&#xff0c;\u5e73\u8861\u901f\u5ea6\u3001\u53ec\u56de\u7387\u4e0e\u5185\u5b58\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>6. \u603b\u7ed3<\/h2>\n<p>IVF \u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u539f\u7406\u662f\u201c\u805a\u7c7b\u5206\u6876&#043;\u5c40\u90e8\u641c\u7d22\u201d&#xff0c;\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u9ad8\u7ef4\u5411\u91cf\u6309\u76f8\u4f3c\u5ea6\u5212\u5206\u5230\u4e0d\u540c\u6876&#xff0c;\u5927\u5e45\u7f29\u5c0f\u641c\u7d22\u8303\u56f4&#xff0c;\u5b9e\u73b0\u9ad8\u6548\u8fd1\u4f3c\u6700\u8fd1\u90bb\u641c\u7d22\u3002\u5176\u4f18\u52bf\u5728\u4e8e\u7ed3\u6784\u7b80\u5355\u3001\u901f\u5ea6\u5feb\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u5360\u7528\u4f4e&#xff0c;\u7f3a\u9677\u662f\u4f9d\u8d56\u805a\u7c7b\u8d28\u91cf\u3001\u53ec\u56de\u7387\u6709\u4e0a\u9650\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u5e38\u901a\u8fc7\u8c03\u6574 K \u548c nprobe \u5e73\u8861\u6027\u80fd&#xff0c;\u6216\u4e0e PQ\u3001HNSW \u7b49\u7b97\u6cd5\u7ed3\u5408&#xff0c;\u9002\u914d\u4e0d\u540c\u573a\u666f&#xff08;\u5982\u4f4e\u5185\u5b58\u573a\u666f\u7528 IVF-PQ&#xff0c;\u9ad8\u53ec\u56de\u573a\u666f\u7528 IVF-HNSW&#xff09;\u3002<\/p>\n<p>IVF \u662f\u5411\u91cf\u641c\u7d22\u7684\u201c\u57fa\u7840\u5de5\u5177\u201d&#xff0c;\u7406\u89e3\u5176\u5206\u6876\u903b\u8f91&#xff0c;\u80fd\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u638c\u63e1\u590d\u6742\u6df7\u5408\u7d22\u5f15\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u601d\u8def\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u6587\u7ae0\u76ee\u5f551. \u6838\u5fc3\u903b\u8f91&#xff1a;\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u9700\u8981\u201c\u5206\u6876\u201d&#xff1f;2. IVF \u6838\u5fc3\u7ec4\u4ef6\u4e0e\u7ed3\u67842.1. \u6838\u5fc3\u7ec4\u4ef62.2. \u6574\u4f53\u7ed3\u6784\u793a\u610f\u56fe3. 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