{"id":61337,"date":"2026-01-17T12:26:28","date_gmt":"2026-01-17T04:26:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/61337.html"},"modified":"2026-01-17T12:26:28","modified_gmt":"2026-01-17T04:26:28","slug":"%e3%80%90jvm-%e7%bb%88%e6%9e%81%e9%80%9a%e5%85%b3%e6%8c%87%e5%8d%97%e3%80%91%e4%b8%87%e5%ad%97%e9%95%bf%e6%96%87%e4%bb%8e%e5%ba%95%e5%b1%82%e5%88%b0%e5%ae%9e%e6%88%98%e5%85%a8%e7%bb%b4%e5%ba%a6","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/61337.html","title":{"rendered":"\u3010JVM \u7ec8\u6781\u901a\u5173\u6307\u5357\u3011\u4e07\u5b57\u957f\u6587\u4ece\u5e95\u5c42\u5230\u5b9e\u6218\u5168\u7ef4\u5ea6\u6df1\u5ea6\u62c6\u89e3 Java \u865a\u62df\u673a"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u3010JVM \u7ec8\u6781\u901a\u5173\u6307\u5357\u3011\u4e07\u5b57\u957f\u6587\u4ece\u5e95\u5c42\u5230\u5b9e\u6218\u5168\u7ef4\u5ea6\u6df1\u5ea6\u62c6\u89e3 Java \u865a\u62df\u673a<\/p>\n

\"\u8bf7\u6dfb\u52a0\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\"<\/p>\n

\u6211\u7684\u4e3b\u9875：<\/font>
\n \u5bfb\u661f\u63a2\u8def <\/p>\n

\u4e2a\u4eba\u4e13\u680f：<\/font>
\n \u300aJAVA（SE）—-\u5982\u6b64\u7b80\u5355！！！ \u300b
\n \u300a\u4ece\u9752\u94dc\u5230\u738b\u8005，\u5c31\u5dee\u8fd9\u8bb2\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784！！！\u300b<\/p>\n

\u300a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u90a3\u4e9b\u4e8b！！！\u300b
\n \u300aJavaEE \u521d\u9636\u542f\u7a0b\u8bb0：\u8ddf\u6211\u8d70\u4e0d\u8e29\u5751\u300b<\/p>\n

\u300aJavaEE \u8fdb\u9636：\u4ece\u67b6\u6784\u5230\u843d\u5730\u5b9e\u6218 \u300b
\n \u300a\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5f00\u53d1\u6f2b\u8c08\u300b<\/p>\n

\u300a\u6d4b\u5f00\u89c6\u89d2\u30fb\u529b\u6263\u7b97\u6cd5\u901a\u5173\u300b
\n \u300a\u4ece 0 \u5230 1 \u5237\u529b\u6263：\u7b97\u6cd5 + \u4ee3\u7801\u53cc\u63d0\u5347\u300b<\/p>\n

\u300aPython \u5168\u6808\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5f00\u53d1\u4e4b\u8def\u300b <\/p>\n

\u6ca1\u6709\u4eba\u5929\u751f\u5c31\u4f1a\u7f16\u7a0b，\u4f46\u6211\u751f\u6765\u5014\u5f3a！！！<\/font> <\/p>\n

\u5bfb\u661f\u63a2\u8def\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\u7b80\u4ecb：<\/p>\n

\"\u8bf7\u6dfb\u52a0\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" <\/p>\n

\"\u8bf7\u6dfb\u52a0\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" <\/p>\n

\n

\u5bfc\u8bfb：\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5927\u5382\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u7cbe\u901a JVM？<\/h4>\n

\u2003\u2003Java \u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u6548\u7387\u3001\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u3001\u751a\u81f3\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u4e0b\u7684\u6297\u538b\u80fd\u529b，\u90fd\u4e0e JVM \u5bc6\u5207\u76f8\u5173\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u53ea\u4f1a\u5199\u4e1a\u52a1\u4ee3\u7801\u800c\u4e0d\u61c2 JVM，\u5c31\u50cf\u53ea\u4f1a\u5f00\u8f66\u800c\u4e0d\u61c2\u53d1\u52a8\u673a\u539f\u7406\u7684\u8d5b\u8f66\u624b\u3002\u5f53\u9047\u5230 OutOfMemoryError（\u5185\u5b58\u6ea2\u51fa）\u6216 GC \u9891\u7e41\u5bfc\u81f4\u7cfb\u7edf\u5361\u987f\u65f6，\u4f60\u5c06\u675f\u624b\u65e0\u7b56\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u5e26\u4f60\u4ece JVM \u7684\u5386\u53f2\u8d77\u6e90\u5f00\u59cb，\u4e00\u6b65\u6b65\u6df1\u5165\u5176\u6838\u5fc3，\u6700\u7ec8\u638c\u63e1\u8c03\u4f18\u771f\u8c1b\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

\u4e00\u3001JVM \u5b8f\u89c2\u4e16\u754c\u4e0e\u53d1\u5c55\u53f2<\/h3>\n

1.1 \u4ec0\u4e48\u662f JVM？<\/h4>\n

\u2003\u2003JVM（Java Virtual Machine）\u5373 Java \u865a\u62df\u673a\u3002\u5b83\u901a\u8fc7\u8f6f\u4ef6\u6a21\u62df\u51fa\u4e00\u5957\u5177\u6709\u5b8c\u6574\u786c\u4ef6\u529f\u80fd\u3001\u8fd0\u884c\u5728\u9694\u79bb\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002<\/p>\n

JVM \u4e0e\u901a\u7528\u865a\u62df\u673a\u7684\u533a\u522b：<\/p>\n

  • \n

    \u786c\u4ef6\u6a21\u62df\u5ea6：VMware \u548c VirtualBox \u6a21\u62df\u7269\u7406 CPU \u6307\u4ee4\u96c6，\u62e5\u6709\u590d\u6742\u7684\u786c\u4ef6\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    \u5b9a\u5236\u5316\u8bbe\u8ba1：JVM \u6a21\u62df\u7684\u662f Java \u5b57\u8282\u7801\u6307\u4ee4\u96c6\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u6781\u81f4\u7684\u6548\u7387，JVM \u88c1\u526a\u4e86\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u786c\u4ef6\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668，\u4ec5\u4fdd\u7559\u4e86\u6838\u5fc3\u7684 PC \u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    \u8de8\u5e73\u53f0\u7075\u9b42：JVM \u662f\u4e00\u53f0\u201c\u88ab\u5b9a\u5236\u201d\u7684\u865a\u62df\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a，\u5b83\u4f7f\u5f97\u5b57\u8282\u7801\u80fd\u8fd0\u884c\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86\u76f8\u5e94 JVM \u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    1.2 JVM \u53f2\u8bd7\u7ea7\u53d1\u5c55\u53f2：\u7fa4\u96c4\u5272\u636e\u5230 HotSpot \u9738\u699c<\/h4>\n

    \u4e86\u89e3\u53d1\u5c55\u53f2\u80fd\u8ba9\u4f60\u660e\u767d\u6280\u672f\u6f14\u8fdb\u7684\u903b\u8f91：<\/p>\n

      \n
    • \n

      1.2.1 Sun Classic VM (1996)：\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u9996\u6b3e\u5546\u4e1a JVM\u3002\u5b83\u6700\u5927\u7684\u7f3a\u9677\u662f\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u4e0e\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u65e0\u6cd5\u534f\u540c\u3002\u4e00\u65e6\u5916\u6302 JIT \u7f16\u8bd1\u5668，\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u5c31\u7f62\u5de5\u3002JDK 1.4 \u65f6\u88ab\u5f7b\u5e95\u6dd8\u6c70\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    • \n

      1.2.2 Exact VM (JDK 1.2)：\u73b0\u4ee3\u865a\u62df\u673a\u7684\u96cf\u5f62\u3002\u5b83\u652f\u6301\u4e86\u70ed\u70b9\u63a2\u6d4b\u548c\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u4e0e\u89e3\u6790\u5668\u7684\u6df7\u5408\u5de5\u4f5c\u6a21\u5f0f，\u4f46\u4ec5\u5728 Solaris \u5e73\u53f0\u77ed\u6682\u53d1\u5149\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    • \n

      1.2.3 HotSpot VM (\u6b66\u6797\u9738\u4e3b)：\u6700\u521d\u7531 Longview Technologies \u8bbe\u8ba1，\u540e\u7ecf Sun \u548c Oracle \u4e4b\u624b\u3002\u5176\u6838\u5fc3\u4eae\u70b9\u662f\u70ed\u70b9\u4ee3\u7801\u63a2\u6d4b\u6280\u672f，\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7\u8ba1\u6570\u5668\u627e\u5230\u6700\u6709\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u8fdb\u884c JIT（\u5373\u65f6\u7f16\u8bd1），\u5728\u54cd\u5e94\u901f\u5ea6\u4e0e\u6267\u884c\u6027\u80fd\u95f4\u8fbe\u5230\u5b8c\u7f8e\u5e73\u8861\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    • \n

      1.2.4 JRockit (\u6781\u901f\u4e4b\u738b)：\u7531 BEA \u5f00\u53d1，\u4e13\u6ce8\u4e8e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u3002\u5b83\u4e0d\u542b\u89e3\u91ca\u5668，\u5168\u90e8\u4ee3\u7801\u76f4\u63a5\u7f16\u8bd1，\u53f7\u79f0\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u6700\u5feb\u7684 JVM\u3002\u540e\u6765\u4e0e HotSpot \u5408\u5e76\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    • \n

      1.2.5 J9 JVM (IBM \u608d\u5c06)：IBM \u5185\u90e8\u4ee3\u53f7 J9，\u5728 IBM \u81ea\u5bb6\u786c\u4ef6\u4e0a\u6027\u80fd\u6781\u5176\u6050\u6016\u3002\u73b0\u5df2\u5f00\u6e90\u4e3a OpenJ9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    • \n

      1.2.6 Taobao JVM (\u56fd\u4ea7\u4e4b\u5149)：\u57fa\u4e8e OpenJDK \u6df1\u5ea6\u5b9a\u5236\u3002\u5176 GCIH (GC Invisible Heap) \u6280\u672f\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u79bb\u5806\u5185\u5b58，\u6781\u5927\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86 GC \u9891\u7387\u3002\u76ee\u524d\u5df2\u652f\u6491\u4e86\u5929\u732b\u3001\u6dd8\u5b9d\u7684\u4ebf\u7ea7\u6d41\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      \n

      \u4e8c\u3001JVM \u8fd0\u884c\u5168\u6d41\u7a0b\u8be6\u89e3<\/h3>\n

      2.1 \u5b57\u8282\u7801\u5230\u673a\u5668\u7801\u7684\u65c5\u7a0b<\/h4>\n

      JVM \u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6982\u62ec\u4e3a\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6b65\u9aa4：<\/p>\n

    • \n

      \u7f16\u8bd1：.java \u6e90\u7801\u88ab\u7f16\u8bd1\u4e3a .class \u5b57\u8282\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    • \n

      \u52a0\u8f7d：\u7c7b\u52a0\u8f7d\u5668 (ClassLoader) \u5c06\u5b57\u8282\u7801\u52a0\u8f7d\u5230\u5185\u5b58\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    • \n

      \u5b58\u50a8：\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u5165\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u6570\u636e\u533a (Runtime Data Area)\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    • \n

      \u6267\u884c：\u6267\u884c\u5f15\u64ce (Execution Engine) \u5c06\u5b57\u8282\u7801\u6307\u4ee4\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6210\u7cfb\u7edf\u6307\u4ee4，\u6216\u901a\u8fc7 JIT \u7f16\u8bd1\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    • \n

      \u4ea4\u4e92：\u901a\u8fc7\u672c\u5730\u5e93\u63a5\u53e3 (Native Interface) \u8c03\u7528 C\/C++ \u7b49\u672c\u5730\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

      \"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\"<\/p>\n

      \n

      \u4e09\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u5e03\u5c40\u4e0e\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u6570\u636e\u533a (Runtime Data Area)<\/h3>\n

      \u2003\u2003\u8fd9\u662f JVM \u6700\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b9，\u7406\u89e3\u4e86\u8fd9\u91cc，\u4f60\u624d\u80fd\u8bfb\u61c2 Dump \u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n

      \"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\"<\/p>\n

      3.1 \u5806\u5185\u5b58 (Heap) \u2014\u2014 \u7ebf\u7a0b\u5171\u4eab<\/h4>\n

      \u4f5c\u7528：\u5b58\u653e\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5bf9\u8c61\u5b9e\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n

      \u53c2\u6570\u63a7\u5236：-Xms (\u521d\u59cb\u5806)\u3001-Xmx (\u6700\u5927\u5806)\u3002<\/p>\n

      \u7ed3\u6784\u5212\u5206：<\/p>\n

        \n
      • \n

        \u65b0\u751f\u4ee3 (Young Gen)：Eden \u533a\u3001Survivor 0 (S0)\u3001Survivor 1 (S1)\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6bd4\u4f8b\u4e3a 8:1:1\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

      • \n

        \u8001\u5e74\u4ee3 (Old Gen)：\u5b58\u653e\u957f\u671f\u5b58\u6d3b\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

      • \n

        \u56de\u6536\u6d41\u7a0b：Eden \u533a\u6ee1\u89e6\u53d1 Minor GC，\u6d3b\u5bf9\u8c61\u8fdb S0\/S1；\u4ea4\u6362 15 \u6b21\u540e\u8fdb\u8001\u5e74\u4ee3\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        \"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\"<\/p>\n

        3.2 \u865a\u62df\u673a\u6808 (JVM Stack) \u2014\u2014 \u7ebf\u7a0b\u79c1\u6709<\/h4>\n

        \"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\"<\/p>\n

          \n
        • \n

          \u672c\u8d28：\u63cf\u8ff0\u65b9\u6cd5\u6267\u884c\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e00\u4e2a\u6808\u5e27 (Stack Frame)\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

        • \n

          \u6808\u5e27\u5185\u90e8\u7ed3\u6784：<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        • \n

          \u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf\u8868：\u5b58\u57fa\u672c\u7c7b\u578b\u548c\u5f15\u7528\u3002\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u5728\u7f16\u8bd1\u671f\u786e\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

        • \n

          \u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u6808：\u8ba1\u7b97\u65f6\u7684\u4e34\u65f6\u4e2d\u8f6c\u7ad9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

        • \n

          \u52a8\u6001\u94fe\u63a5：\u6307\u5411\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u5e38\u91cf\u6c60\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5f15\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

        • \n

          \u65b9\u6cd5\u51fa\u53e3：\u5b58\u50a8 PC \u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u7684\u5730\u5740\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

          3.3 \u7a0b\u5e8f\u8ba1\u6570\u5668 (PC Register) \u2014\u2014 \u7ebf\u7a0b\u79c1\u6709<\/h4>\n
            \n
          • \n

            \u4f5c\u7528：\u8bb0\u5f55\u5f53\u524d\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6267\u884c\u7684\u884c\u53f7\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

          • \n

            \u552f\u4e00\u6027：\u8fd9\u662f JVM \u89c4\u8303\u4e2d\u552f\u4e00\u6ca1\u6709\u89c4\u5b9a OOM \u60c5\u51b5\u7684\u533a\u57df\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

            3.4 \u65b9\u6cd5\u533a\u4e0e\u5143\u7a7a\u95f4 (Metaspace) \u2014\u2014 \u7ebf\u7a0b\u5171\u4eab<\/h4>\n
              \n
            • \n

              \u6f14\u8fdb：JDK 7 \u53eb\u6c38\u4e45\u4ee3（\u53d7 JVM \u9650\u5236）；JDK 8 \u53eb\u5143\u7a7a\u95f4（\u4f7f\u7528\u672c\u5730\u5185\u5b58，\u4e0d\u53d7 JVM \u9650\u5236）\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

            • \n

              \u5b58\u50a8\u5185\u5bb9：\u7c7b\u4fe1\u606f\u3001\u5e38\u91cf\u3001\u9759\u6001\u53d8\u91cf\u3001\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u5e38\u91cf\u6c60\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

              \"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\"<\/p>\n

              3.5 \u5f02\u5e38\u6848\u4f8b：\u5185\u5b58\u6ea2\u51fa\u5206\u6790<\/h4>\n
            • \n

              Java \u5806\u6ea2\u51fa：\u4e0d\u65ad\u521b\u5efa\u65e0\u6cd5\u56de\u6536\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61，\u63d0\u793a java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: Java heap space\u3002\u9700\u68c0\u67e5\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f\u6216\u8c03\u5927 -Xmx\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

            • \n

              \u6808\u6ea2\u51fa (StackOverflow)：\u901a\u5e38\u7531\u65e0\u9650\u9012\u5f52\u5f15\u8d77，\u629b\u51fa StackOverflowError\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

              \n

              \u56db\u3001\u7c7b\u52a0\u8f7d\u673a\u5236\u5168\u65b9\u4f4d\u6df1\u5ea6\u5256\u6790<\/h3>\n

              4.1 \u7c7b\u52a0\u8f7d\u7684\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f<\/h4>\n

              \"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\"<\/p>\n

              \u7c7b\u52a0\u8f7d\u5305\u542b\u4ee5\u4e0b 5 \u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u6b65\u9aa4：<\/p>\n

            • \n

              \u52a0\u8f7d (Loading)：\u901a\u8fc7\u5168\u9650\u5b9a\u540d\u83b7\u53d6\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6d41，\u751f\u6210 java.lang.Class \u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

            • \n

              \u9a8c\u8bc1 (Verification)：\u786e\u4fdd Class \u6587\u4ef6\u7b26\u5408\u89c4\u8303，\u4e0d\u5371\u5bb3\u865a\u62df\u673a\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

            • \n

              \u51c6\u5907 (Preparation)：\u4e3a static \u53d8\u91cf\u5206\u914d\u5185\u5b58\u5e76\u8d4b\u521d\u59cb\u503c（\u5982 int \u4e3a 0）\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

            • \n

              \u89e3\u6790 (Resolution)：\u7b26\u53f7\u5f15\u7528\u66ff\u6362\u4e3a\u76f4\u63a5\u5f15\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

            • \n

              \u521d\u59cb\u5316 (Initialization)：\u771f\u6b63\u5f00\u59cb\u6267\u884c Java \u4ee3\u7801\u903b\u8f91（<clinit> \u65b9\u6cd5）\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

              4.2 \u53cc\u4eb2\u59d4\u6d3e\u6a21\u578b (Parents Delegation Model)<\/h4>\n
                \n
              • \n

                \u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406：\u6536\u5230\u52a0\u8f7d\u8bf7\u6c42，\u5148\u59d4\u6d3e\u7ed9\u7236\u7c7b\u3002\u7236\u7c7b\u4e0d\u80fd\u52a0，\u5b50\u7c7b\u624d\u52a8\u624b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

              • \n

                \u4e09\u5927\u7ea7\u522b：\u542f\u52a8\u7c7b\u52a0\u8f7d\u5668 (Bootstrap)\u3001\u6269\u5c55\u7c7b\u52a0\u8f7d\u5668 (Extension)\u3001\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7c7b\u52a0\u8f7d\u5668 (Application)\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

              • \n

                \u6838\u5fc3\u4ef7\u503c：\u9632\u6b62\u6838\u5fc3 API \u88ab\u7be1\u6539，\u907f\u514d\u91cd\u590d\u52a0\u8f7d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                \u53cc\u4eb2\u59d4\u6d3e\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u4f18\u70b9<\/p>\n

              • \n

                \u907f\u514d\u91cd\u590d\u52a0\u8f7d\u7c7b：\u6bd4\u5982A\u7c7b\u548cB\u7c7b\u90fd\u6709\u2f00\u4e2a\u7236\u7c7bC\u7c7b，\u90a3\u4e48\u5f53A\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\u5c31\u4f1a\u5c06C\u7c7b\u52a0\u8f7d\u8d77\u6765，\u90a3\u4e48\u5728B\u7c7b\u8fdb\u884c\u52a0\u8f7d\u65f6\u5c31\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5728\u91cd\u590d\u52a0\u8f7dC\u7c7b\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

              • \n

                \u5b89\u5168\u6027：\u4f7f\u7528\u53cc\u4eb2\u59d4\u6d3e\u6a21\u578b\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4e86Java\u7684\u6838\u5fc3API\u4e0d\u88ab\u7be1\u6539，\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u4f7f\u7528\u53cc\u4eb2\u59d4\u6d3e\u6a21\u578b，\u800c\u662f\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7c7b\u52a0\u8f7d\u5668\u52a0\u8f7d\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8bdd\u5c31\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u4e00\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898，\u6bd4\u5982\u6211\u4eec\u7f16\u5199\u4e00\u4e2a\u79f0\u4e3ajava.lang.Object\u7c7b\u7684\u8bdd，\u90a3\u4e48\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u65f6\u5019，\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c31\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u591a\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684Object\u7c7b，\u800c\u6709\u4e9bObject\u7c7b\u53c8\u662f\u7528\u6237\u81ea\u5df1\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u56e0\u6b64\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u5c31\u4e0d\u80fd\u5f97\u5230\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

                4.3 \u7ecf\u5178\u6848\u4f8b：\u7834\u574f\u53cc\u4eb2\u59d4\u6d3e\u7684 JDBC<\/h4>\n

                \u2003\u2003\u5728 JDBC \u4e2d，\u63a5\u53e3 Driver \u5728 rt.jar（Bootstrap \u52a0\u8f7d），\u4f46\u5b9e\u73b0\u7c7b\u5728\u5404\u4e2a\u5382\u5546\u7684 Jar \u5305（\u5982 MySQL，\u9700 App \u52a0\u8f7d）\u3002\u6b64\u65f6 Bootstrap \u52a0\u8f7d\u5668\u65e0\u6cd5\u201c\u4e0b\u63a2\u201d\u53bb\u52a0\u8f7d App \u5c42\u7ea7\u7684\u7c7b\u3002 \u2003\u2003\u6211\u4eec\u5148\u6765\u770b\u4e0bJDBC\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee3\u7801：<\/p>\n

                public<\/span> class<\/span> JdbcTest<\/span> {<\/span>
                \npublic<\/span> static<\/span> void<\/span> main<\/span>(<\/span>String<\/span>[<\/span>]<\/span> args)<\/span>{<\/span>
                \nConnection<\/span> connection =<\/span> null<\/span>;<\/span>
                \ntry<\/span> {<\/span>
                \nconnection =<\/span>DriverManager<\/span>.<\/span>getConnection<\/span>(<\/span>"jdbc:<\/span>mysql:<\/span>\/<\/span>\/<\/span>127.0<\/span>.0<\/span>.1<\/span>:<\/span>330<\/span>
                \n}<\/span> catch<\/span> (<\/span>SQLException<\/span> e)<\/span> {<\/span>
                \ne.<\/span>printStackTrace<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
                \n}<\/span>
                \nSystem<\/span>.<\/span>out.<\/span>println<\/span>(<\/span>connection.<\/span>getClass<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>.<\/span>getClassLoader<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
                \nSystem<\/span>.<\/span>out.<\/span>println<\/span>(<\/span>Thread<\/span>.<\/span>currentThread<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>.<\/span>getContextClassLoader<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
                \nSystem<\/span>.<\/span>out.<\/span>println<\/span>(<\/span>Connection<\/span>.<\/span>class<\/span>.<\/span>getClassLoader<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
                \n}<\/span>
                \n}<\/span><\/p>\n

                \u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848：\u5f15\u5165 Thread Context ClassLoader (\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u52a0\u8f7d\u5668)，\u5728 DriverManager \u4e2d\u5b9e\u73b0\u9006\u5411\u8c03\u7528，\u4ece\u800c\u6253\u7834\u53cc\u4eb2\u59d4\u6d3e\u3002<\/p>\n

                \u2003\u2003\u6211\u4eec\u8fdb\u5165DriverManager\u7684\u6e90\u7801\u7c7b\u5c31\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0\u5b83\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684rt.jar\u4e2d\u7684，\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\u6240\u793a：<\/p>\n

                \"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\"<\/p>\n

                \u2003\u2003\u7531\u53cc\u4eb2\u59d4\u6d3e\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u52a0\u8f7d\u6d41\u7a0b\u53ef\u77e5rt.jar\u662f\u6709\u9876\u7ea7\u7236\u7c7bBootstrapClassLoader\u52a0\u8f7d\u7684，\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\u6240\u793a：<\/p>\n

                \"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\"<\/p>\n

                \u2003\u2003\u800c\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u8fdb\u5165\u5b83\u7684getConnection\u6e90\u7801\u662f\u5374\u53d1\u73b0，\u5b83\u5728\u8c03\u7528\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u7c7b\u5b9e\u73b0\u65f6，\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u662f\u5b50\u7c7b\u52a0\u8f7d\u5668（\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u52a0\u8f7d\u5668Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader）\u6765\u52a0\u8f7d\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5305（\u5982mysql\u7684jar\u5305），\u6e90\u7801\u5982\u4e0b：<\/p>\n

                @CallerSensitive<\/span>
                \npublic<\/span> static<\/span> Connection<\/span> getConnection<\/span>(<\/span>String<\/span> url,<\/span>
                \njava.<\/span>util.<\/span><\/span>Properties<\/span> info)<\/span> throws<\/span> SQLException<\/span> {<\/span>
                \nreturn<\/span> (<\/span>getConnection<\/span>(<\/span>url,<\/span> info,<\/span> Reflection<\/span>.<\/span>getCallerClass<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>)<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
                \n}<\/span><\/p>\n

                private<\/span> static<\/span> Connection<\/span> getConnection<\/span>(<\/span>
                \nString<\/span> url,<\/span> java.<\/span>util.<\/span><\/span>Properties<\/span> info,<\/span> Class<\/span><<\/span>?<\/span>><\/span><\/span> caller)<\/span> throws<\/span> SQLExcept<\/span>
                \nClassLoader<\/span> callerCL =<\/span> caller !=<\/span> null<\/span> ?<\/span> caller.<\/span>getClassLoader<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span> :<\/span> null<\/span>;<\/span>
                \nsynchronized<\/span>(<\/span>DriverManager<\/span>.<\/span>class<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>
                \n\/\/ synchronize loading of the correct classloader.<\/span>
                \nif<\/span> (<\/span>callerCL ==<\/span> null<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>
                \n\/\/\u83b7\u53d6\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e0a\u4e0b\u4e3a\u7c7b\u52a0\u8f7d\u5668 <\/span>
                \ncallerCL =<\/span> Thread<\/span>.<\/span>currentThread<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>.<\/span>getContextClassLoader<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
                \n}<\/span>
                \n}<\/span>
                \nif<\/span>(<\/span>url ==<\/span> null<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>
                \n throw<\/span> new<\/span> SQLException<\/span>(<\/span>"The url cannot be null"<\/span>,<\/span> "08001"<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
                \n }<\/span>
                \n println<\/span>(<\/span>"DriverManager.getConnection(\\\\""<\/span> +<\/span> url +<\/span> "\\\\")"<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
                \n SQLException<\/span> reason =<\/span> null<\/span>;<\/span>
                \n for<\/span>(<\/span>DriverInfo<\/span> aDriver :<\/span> registeredDrivers)<\/span> {<\/span>
                \n \/\/ isDriverAllowed \u5bf9\u4e8e mysql \u8fde\u63a5 jar \u8fdb\u2f8f\u52a0\u8f7d<\/span><\/p>\n

                if<\/span>(<\/span>isDriverAllowed<\/span>(<\/span>aDriver.<\/span>driver,<\/span> callerCL)<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>
                \n try<\/span> {<\/span>
                \n println<\/span>(<\/span>" trying "<\/span> +<\/span> aDriver.<\/span>driver.<\/span>getClass<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>.<\/span>getName<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>)<\/span>
                \n Connection<\/span> con =<\/span> aDriver.<\/span>driver.<\/span>connect<\/span>(<\/span>url,<\/span> info)<\/span>;<\/span>
                \n if<\/span> (<\/span>con !=<\/span> null<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>
                \n \/\/ Success!<\/span>
                \n println<\/span>(<\/span>"getConnection returning "<\/span> +<\/span> aDriver.<\/span>driver.<\/span>getC
                \n return<\/span> (<\/span>con)<\/span>;<\/span>
                \n }<\/span>
                \n }<\/span> catch<\/span> (<\/span>SQLException<\/span> ex)<\/span> {<\/span>
                \n if<\/span> (<\/span>reason ==<\/span> null<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>
                \n reason =<\/span> ex;<\/span>
                \n }<\/span>
                \n }<\/span>
                \n }<\/span> else<\/span> {<\/span>
                \n println<\/span>(<\/span>" skipping: "<\/span> +<\/span> aDriver.<\/span>getClass<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>.<\/span>getName<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
                \n }<\/span>
                \n }<\/span>
                \n if<\/span> (<\/span>reason !=<\/span> null<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>
                \n println<\/span>(<\/span>"getConnection failed: "<\/span> +<\/span> reason)<\/span>;<\/span>
                \n throw<\/span> reason;<\/span>
                \n }<\/span>
                \n println<\/span>(<\/span>"getConnection: no suitable driver found for "<\/span>+<\/span> url)<\/span>;<\/span>
                \n throw<\/span> new<\/span> SQLException<\/span>(<\/span>"No suitable driver found for "<\/span>+<\/span> url,<\/span> "08001"<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
                \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

                \u2003\u2003\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u6765\u5c31\u7834\u574f\u4e86\u53cc\u4eb2\u59d4\u6d3e\u6a21\u578b，\u56e0\u4e3a DriverManager \u4f4d\u4e8ert.jar \u5305，\u7531 BootStrap\u7c7b\u52a0\u8f7d\u5668\u52a0\u8f7d，\u800c\u5176Driver\u63a5\u53e3\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u7c7b\u662f\u4f4d\u4e8e\u670d\u52a1\u5546\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684Jar\u5305\u4e2d，\u662f\u7531\u5b50\u7c7b\u52a0\u8f7d\u5668（\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u52a0\u8f7d\u5668Thread.currentThread)\u00b7getContextClassLoader）\u6765\u52a0\u8f7d\u7684，\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u7834\u574f\u4e86\u53cc\u4eb2\u59d4\u6d3e\u6a21\u578b\u4e86（\u53cc\u4eb2\u59d4\u6d3e\u6a21\u578b\u8bb2\u7684\u662f\u6240\u6709\u7c7b\u90fd\u5e94\u8be5\u4ea4\u7ed9\u7236\u7c7b\u6765\u52a0\u8f7d，\u4f46JDBC\u663e\u7136\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u8fd9\u6837\u5b9e\u73b0）\u3002\u5b83\u7684\u4ea4\u4e92\u6d41\u7a0b\u56fe\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a：<\/p>\n

                \"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\"<\/p>\n

                \n

                \u4e94\u3001\u5783\u573e\u56de\u6536 (GC) \u7406\u8bba\u4e0e\u5b9e\u8df5<\/h3>\n

                5.1 \u5224\u5b9a\u5bf9\u8c61\u201c\u6b7b\u4ea1\u201d\u7684\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848<\/h4>\n
              • \u5f15\u7528\u8ba1\u6570\u6cd5：\u7b80\u5355\u9ad8\u6548，\u4f46\u65e0\u6cd5\u89e3\u51b3\u5faa\u73af\u5f15\u7528（A \u8c03 B，B \u8c03 A）\u3002<\/li>\n

                \u5f15\u2f64\u8ba1\u6570\u63cf\u8ff0\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e3a: \u2003\u2003\u7ed9\u5bf9\u8c61\u589e\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f15\u7528\u8ba1\u6570\u5668，\u6bcf\u5f53\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5730\u65b9\u5f15\u7528\u5b83\u65f6，\u8ba1\u6570\u5668\u5c31+1；\u5f53\u5f15\u7528\u5931\u6548\u65f6，\u8ba1\u6570\u5668\u5c31-1； \u2003\u2003\u4efb\u4f55\u65f6\u523b\u8ba1\u6570\u5668\u4e3a0\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u5c31\u662f\u4e0d\u80fd\u518d\u88ab\u4f7f\u7528\u7684，\u5373\u5bf9\u8c61\u5df2"\u6b7b"\u3002 \u2003\u2003\u5f15\u7528\u8ba1\u6570\u6cd5\u5b9e\u73b0\u7b80\u5355，\u5224\u5b9a\u6548\u7387\u4e5f\u6bd4\u8f83\u9ad8，\u5728\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u9519\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002\u6bd4\u5982Python\u8bed\u8a00\u5c31 \u91c7\u7528\u5f15\u7528\u8ba1\u6570\u6cd5\u8fdb\u884c\u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406\u3002 \u2003\u2003\u4f46\u662f，\u5728\u4e3b\u6d41\u7684JVM\u4e2d\u6ca1\u6709\u9009\u7528\u5f15\u7528\u8ba1\u6570\u6cd5\u6765\u7ba1\u7406\u5185\u5b58，\u6700\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u5c31\u662f\u5f15\u7528\u8ba1\u6570\u6cd5\u65e0\u6cd5\u89e3\u51b3\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5faa\u73af\u5f15\u7528\u95ee\u9898<\/p>\n

                \u8303\u4f8b：\u89c2\u5bdf\u5faa\u73af\u5f15\u7528\u95ee\u9898<\/p>\n

                \/**
                \n * JVM\u53c2\u6570 :-XX:+PrintGC
                \n * @author 38134
                \n *
                \n *\/<\/span>
                \npublic<\/span> class<\/span> Test<\/span> {<\/span>
                \n public<\/span> Object<\/span> instance =<\/span> null<\/span>;<\/span>
                \n private<\/span> static<\/span> int<\/span> _1MB =<\/span> 1024<\/span> *<\/span> 1024<\/span>;<\/span>
                \n private<\/span> byte<\/span>[<\/span>]<\/span> bigSize =<\/span> new<\/span> byte<\/span>[<\/span>2<\/span> *<\/span> _1MB]<\/span>;<\/span>
                \n public<\/span> static<\/span> void<\/span> testGC<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>
                \n Test<\/span> test1 =<\/span> new<\/span> Test<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
                \n Test<\/span> test2 =<\/span> new<\/span> Test<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
                \n test1.<\/span>instance =<\/span> test2;<\/span>
                \n test2.<\/span>instance =<\/span> test1;<\/span>
                \n test1 =<\/span> null<\/span>;<\/span>
                \n test2 =<\/span> null<\/span>;<\/span>
                \n \/\/ \u5f3a\u5236jvm\u8fdb\u2f8f\u5783\u573e\u56de\u6536 <\/span>
                \n System<\/span>.<\/span>gc<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
                \n }<\/span>
                \n public<\/span> static<\/span> void<\/span> main<\/span>(<\/span>String<\/span>[<\/span>]<\/span> args)<\/span> {<\/span>
                \n testGC<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
                \n }<\/span>
                \n}<\/span><\/p>\n

                [<\/span>GC (<\/span>System<\/span>.<\/span>gc<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>)<\/span> 6092<\/span>K-><\/span>856K<\/span>(<\/span>125952<\/span>K)<\/span>,<\/span> 0.0007504<\/span> secs]<\/span><\/p>\n

                \u2003\u2003\u4ece\u7ed3\u679c\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa，GC\u65e5\u5fd7\u5305\u542b"6092K->856K(125952K)"，\u610f\u5473\u7740\u865a\u62df\u673a\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e92\u76f8\u5f15\u7528\u5c31\u4e0d\u56de\u6536\u4ed6\u4eec\u3002\u5373JVM\u5e76\u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528\u5f15\u7528\u8ba1\u6570\u6cd5\u6765\u5224\u65ad\u5bf9\u8c61\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u6d3b\u3002<\/p>\n

              • \u53ef\u8fbe\u6027\u5206\u6790\u7b97\u6cd5：\u4ece GC Roots \u51fa\u53d1\u641c\u7d22，\u641c\u4e0d\u5230\u5373\u5224\u5b9a\u4e3a\u5783\u573e\u3002<\/li>\n

                \u2003\u2003\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u6211\u4eec\u8bb2\u4e86，Java\u5e76\u4e0d\u91c7\u7528\u5f15\u7528\u8ba1\u6570\u6cd5\u6765\u5224\u65ad\u5bf9\u8c61\u662f\u5426\u5df2"\u6b7b"，\u800c\u91c7\u7528"\u53ef\u8fbe\u6027\u5206\u6790"\u6765\u5224\u65ad\u5bf9\u8c61\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u6d3b(\u540c\u6837\u91c7\u7528\u6b64\u6cd5\u7684\u8fd8\u6709C#\u3001Lisp-\u6700\u65e9\u7684\u4e00\u95e8\u91c7\u7528\u52a8\u6001\u5185\u5b58\u5206\u914d\u7684\u8bed\u2f94)\u3002<\/p>\n

                \u2003\u2003\u6b64\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u601d\u60f3\u4e3a：\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u79f0\u4e3a"GCRoots"\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8d77\u59cb\u70b9，\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8282\u70b9\u5f00\u59cb\u5411\u4e0b\u641c\u7d22，\u641c\u7d22\u8d70\u8fc7\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u79f0\u4e4b\u4e3a"\u5f15\u7528\u94fe"，\u5f53\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u5230GCRoots\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u7684\u5f15\u7528\u94fe\u76f8\u8fde\u65f6(\u4eceGCRoots\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e0d\u53ef\u8fbe)\u65f6，\u8bc1\u660e\u6b64\u5bf9\u8c61\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u56fe\u4e3a\u4f8b：<\/p>\n

                \"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\"<\/p>\n

                \u2003\u2003\u5bf9\u8c61Object5-Object7\u4e4b\u95f4\u867d\u7136\u5f7c\u6b64\u8fd8\u6709\u5173\u8054，\u4f46\u662f\u5b83\u4eec\u5230GC Roots\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u8fbe\u7684，\u56e0\u6b64\u4ed6\u4eec\u4f1a\u88ab\u5224\u5b9a\u4e3a\u53ef\u56de\u6536\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n

                \u5728Java\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d，\u53ef\u4f5c\u4e3aGC Roots\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u5305\u542b\u4e0b\u9762\u51e0\u79cd:<\/p>\n

              • \u865a\u62df\u673a\u6808(\u6808\u5e27\u4e2d\u7684\u672c\u5730\u53d8\u91cf\u8868)\u4e2d\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61；<\/li>\n
              • \u65b9\u6cd5\u533a\u4e2d\u7c7b\u9759\u6001\u5c5e\u6027\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61；<\/li>\n
              • \u65b9\u6cd5\u533a\u4e2d\u5e38\u91cf\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61；<\/li>\n
              • \u672c\u5730\u65b9\u6cd5\u6808\u4e2dJNI(Native\u65b9\u6cd5)\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/li>\n

                \u2003\u2003\u4ece\u4e0a\u9762\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\u201c\u5f15\u7528\u201d\u7684\u529f\u80fd，\u9664\u4e86\u6700\u65e9\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83（\u5f15\u7528）\u6765\u67e5\u627e\u5bf9\u8c61，\u73b0\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u201c\u5f15\u7528\u201d\u6765\u5224\u65ad\u6b7b\u4ea1\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e86\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u5728JDK1.2\u65f6，Java\u5bf9\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u505a\u4e86\u6269\u5145，\u5c06\u5f15\u7528\u5206\u4e3a\u5f3a\u5f15\u7528(Strong Reference)\u3001\u8f6f\u5f15\u7528(Soft Reference)\u3001\u5f31\u5f15\u7528(Weak Reference)\u548c\u865a\u5f15\u7528(Phantom Reference)\u56db\u79cd，\u8fd9\u56db\u79cd\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u5f3a\u5ea6\u4f9d\u6b21\u9012\u51cf\u3002<\/p>\n

              • \u5f3a\u5f15\u7528: \u5f3a\u5f15\u7528\u6307\u7684\u662f\u5728\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4ee3\u7801\u4e4b\u4e2d\u666e\u904d\u5b58\u5728\u7684，\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e"Object obj = new Object()"\u8fd9\u7c7b\u7684\u5f15\u7528，\u53ea\u8981\u5f3a\u5f15\u7528\u8fd8\u5b58\u5728，\u5783\u573e\u56de\u6536\u5668\u6c38\u8fdc\u4e0d\u4f1a\u56de\u6536\u88ab\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u5b9e\u4f8b\u3002<\/li>\n
              • \u8f6f\u5f15\u7528: \u8f6f\u5f15\u7528\u662f\u7528\u6765\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e00\u4e9b\u8fd8\u6709\u7528\u4f46\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u5fc5\u987b\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8f6f\u5f15\u7528\u5173\u8054\u7740\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61，\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c06\u8981\u53d1\u751f\u5185\u5b58\u6ea2\u51fa\u4e4b\u524d，\u4f1a\u628a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5bf9\u8c61\u5217\u5165\u56de\u6536\u8303\u56f4\u4e4b\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u56de\u6536\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u6b21\u56de\u6536\u8fd8\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u5185\u5b58，\u624d\u4f1a\u629b\u51fa\u5185\u5b58\u6ea2\u51fa\u5f02\u5e38\u3002\u5728JDK1.2\u4e4b\u540e，\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86SoftReference\u7c7b\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u8f6f\u5f15\u7528\u3002<\/li>\n
              • \u5f31\u5f15\u7528: \u5f31\u5f15\u7528\u4e5f\u662f\u7528\u6765\u63cf\u8ff0\u975e\u5fc5\u9700\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5b83\u7684\u5f3a\u5ea6\u8981\u5f31\u4e8e\u8f6f\u5f15\u7528\u3002\u88ab\u5f31\u5f15\u7528\u5173\u8054\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u53ea\u80fd\u751f\u5b58\u5230\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b21\u5783\u573e\u56de\u6536\u53d1\u751f\u4e4b\u524d\u3002\u5f53\u5783\u573e\u56de\u6536\u5668\u5f00\u59cb\u8fdb\u884c\u5de5\u4f5c\u65f6，\u65e0\u8bba\u5f53\u524d\u5185\u5bb9\u662f\u5426\u591f\u7528，\u90fd\u4f1a\u56de\u6536\u6389\u53ea\u88ab\u5f31\u5f15\u7528\u5173\u8054\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u5728JDK1.2\u4e4b\u540e\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86WeakReference\u7c7b\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u5f31\u5f15\u7528\u3002<\/li>\n
              • \u865a\u5f15\u7528: \u865a\u5f15\u7528\u4e5f\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u5e7d\u7075\u5f15\u7528\u6216\u8005\u5e7b\u5f71\u5f15\u7528，\u5b83\u662f\u6700\u5f31\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u5f15\u7528\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u662f\u5426\u6709\u865a\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u5b58\u5728，\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5bf9\u5176\u751f\u5b58\u65f6\u95f4\u6784\u6210\u5f71\u54cd，\u4e5f\u65e0\u6cd5\u901a\u8fc7\u865a\u5f15\u7528\u6765\u53d6\u5f97\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u5b9e\u4f8b\u3002\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u8bbe\u7f6e\u865a\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u76ee\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u80fd\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u88ab\u6536\u96c6\u5668\u56de\u6536\u65f6\u6536\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u901a\u77e5\u3002\u5728JDK1.2\u4e4b\u540e，\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86PhantomReference\u7c7b\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u865a\u5f15\u7528\u3002<\/li>\n

                5.2 \u5783\u573e\u56de\u6536\u7b97\u6cd5\u5168\u89e3\u6790<\/h4>\n
                  \n
                • \n

                  \u6807\u8bb0-\u6e05\u9664 (Mark-Sweep)：\u57fa\u7840\u7b97\u6cd5，\u4f46\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u5185\u5b58\u788e\u7247\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

                • \n

                  \u590d\u5236\u7b97\u6cd5 (Copying)：\u65b0\u751f\u4ee3\u4e3b\u529b\u3002\u5c06\u5185\u5b58\u5206\u4e3a Eden \u548c Survivor，\u63d0\u9ad8\u7a7a\u95f4\u5229\u7528\u7387（8:1:1）\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

                • \n

                  \u6807\u8bb0-\u6574\u7406 (Mark-Compact)：\u8001\u5e74\u4ee3\u4e3b\u529b\u3002\u5c06\u5b58\u6d3b\u5bf9\u8c61\u79fb\u5411\u4e00\u7aef，\u5f7b\u5e95\u6d88\u9664\u788e\u7247\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

                • \n

                  \u5206\u4ee3\u6536\u96c6 (Generational)：\u6838\u5fc3\u601d\u60f3\u2014\u2014\u65b0\u751f\u4ee3\u7528\u590d\u5236，\u8001\u5e74\u4ee3\u7528\u6807\u8bb0-\u6e05\u9664\/\u6574\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                  5.3 \u73b0\u4ee3\u5783\u573e\u6536\u96c6\u5668\u5927\u6bd4\u62fc<\/h4>\n
                    \n
                  • \n

                    Serial\/Serial Old：\u5355\u7ebf\u7a0b，STW \u505c\u987f\u4e45，\u9002\u7528\u4e8e Client \u6a21\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

                  • \n

                    Parallel Scavenge：\u541e\u5410\u91cf\u4f18\u5148，\u9002\u5408\u540e\u53f0\u8fd0\u7b97\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

                  • \n

                    CMS：\u4f4e\u505c\u987f\u4f18\u5148，\u9996\u4e2a\u5e76\u53d1\u6536\u96c6\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

                  • \n

                    G1 (Garbage First)：JDK 9 \u9ed8\u8ba4\u3002\u5c06\u5806\u5206\u4e3a Region，\u53ef\u9884\u6d4b\u505c\u987f\u65f6\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                    \n

                    \u516d\u3001JMM \u5185\u5b58\u6a21\u578b\u4e0e\u5e76\u53d1\u5b89\u5168\u6027<\/h3>\n

                    6.1 JMM \u6838\u5fc3\u673a\u5236<\/h4>\n

                    \u2003\u2003JMM（Java Memory Model）\u89c4\u8303\u4e86\u4e3b\u5185\u5b58\u4e0e\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5de5\u4f5c\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u4ea4\u4e92\u3002\u5b83\u4e3b\u8981\u89e3\u51b3\u4e09\u5927\u95ee\u9898：\u53ef\u89c1\u6027\u3001\u539f\u5b50\u6027\u3001\u6709\u5e8f\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

                    6.2 \u5355\u4f8b\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e2d\u7684 DCL \u4e0e Volatile<\/h4>\n

                    \u6e90\u7801\u590d\u73b0：<\/p>\n

                    public<\/span> class<\/span> Singleton<\/span> {<\/span>
                    \n private<\/span> static<\/span> volatile<\/span> Singleton<\/span> instance;<\/span> \/\/ \u5fc5\u987b\u52a0 volatile<\/span>
                    \n public<\/span> static<\/span> Singleton<\/span> getSingleton<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>
                    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>instance ==<\/span> null<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span> \/\/ \u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u68c0\u67e5<\/span>
                    \n synchronized<\/span> (<\/span>Singleton<\/span>.<\/span>class<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>
                    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>instance ==<\/span> null<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span> \/\/ \u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u68c0\u67e5<\/span>
                    \n instance =<\/span> new<\/span> Singleton<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
                    \n }<\/span>
                    \n }<\/span>
                    \n }<\/span>
                    \n return<\/span> instance;<\/span>
                    \n }<\/span>
                    \n}<\/span><\/p>\n

                    \u6df1\u5ea6\u63ed\u79d8：new Singleton() \u5e76\u975e\u539f\u5b50\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u52a0 volatile，\u7531\u4e8e\u6307\u4ee4\u91cd\u6392\u5e8f，\u7ebf\u7a0b\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u83b7\u53d6\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u672a\u5b8c\u6210\u6784\u9020\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002volatile \u7684\u52a0\u5165\u80fd\u4fdd\u8bc1\u53ef\u89c1\u6027\u5e76\u7981\u6b62\u91cd\u6392\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n

                    \n

                    \u7ed3\u8bed：JVM \u7684\u8c03\u4f18\u5fc3\u6001<\/h3>\n

                    \u2003\u2003JVM \u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6b7b\u677f\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6，\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u9ad8\u5ea6\u52a8\u6001\u5e73\u8861\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u8981\u638c\u63e1 JVM，\u4e0d\u80fd\u4ec5\u9760\u80cc\u8bf5\u7406\u8bba，\u66f4\u8981\u5b66\u4f1a\u5728 jvisualvm\u3001MAT \u548c GC \u65e5\u5fd7\u4e2d\u5bfb\u627e\u86db\u4e1d\u9a6c\u8ff9\u3002\u5e0c\u671b\u8fd9\u7bc7\u4e24\u4e07\u5b57\u957f\u6587\u80fd\u6210\u4e3a\u4f60\u901a\u5411 Java \u4e13\u5bb6\u4e4b\u8def\u7684\u9636\u68af！<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                    \u3010JVM \u7ec8\u6781\u901a\u5173\u6307\u5357\u3011\u4e07\u5b57\u957f\u6587\u4ece\u5e95\u5c42\u5230\u5b9e\u6218\u5168\u7ef4\u5ea6\u6df1\u5ea6\u62c6\u89e3 Java \u865a\u62df\u673a\u6211\u7684\u4e3b\u9875： \u5bfb\u661f\u63a2\u8def \u4e2a\u4eba\u4e13\u680f： \u300aJAVA（SE）—-\u5982\u6b64\u7b80\u5355！！！ \u300b \u300a\u4ece\u9752\u94dc\u5230\u738b\u8005，\u5c31\u5dee\u8fd9\u8bb2\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784！！！\u300b\u300a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u90a3\u4e9b\u4e8b！！！\u300b \u300aJavaEE \u521d\u9636\u542f\u7a0b\u8bb0：\u8ddf\u6211\u8d70\u4e0d\u8e29\u5751\u300b\u300aJav<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":61324,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[66,99,426,81,50,190,427],"topic":[],"class_list":["post-61337","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-server","tag-ai","tag-java","tag-jvm","tag-python","tag-50","tag-190","tag-427"],"yoast_head":"\n\u3010JVM \u7ec8\u6781\u901a\u5173\u6307\u5357\u3011\u4e07\u5b57\u957f\u6587\u4ece\u5e95\u5c42\u5230\u5b9e\u6218\u5168\u7ef4\u5ea6\u6df1\u5ea6\u62c6\u89e3 Java \u865a\u62df\u673a - 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