{"id":61292,"date":"2026-01-17T11:33:20","date_gmt":"2026-01-17T03:33:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/61292.html"},"modified":"2026-01-17T11:33:20","modified_gmt":"2026-01-17T03:33:20","slug":"c%e8%af%ad%e6%b3%95","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/61292.html","title":{"rendered":"C++\u8bed\u6cd5"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u4e00\u3001C++ \u6838\u5fc3\u8bed\u6cd5\u6846\u67b6（\u6838\u5fc3\u6a21\u5757\u68b3\u7406）<\/h4>\n

C++ \u8bed\u6cd5\u5728 C \u8bed\u8a00\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u6269\u5c55\u4e86\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u3001\u6cdb\u578b\u7b49\u6838\u5fc3\u7279\u6027，\u6838\u5fc3\u6a21\u5757\u53ef\u5206\u4e3a 6 \u5927\u7c7b：<\/p>\n\n\u6a21\u5757\u6838\u5fc3\u5185\u5bb9<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u57fa\u7840\u8bed\u6cd5<\/td>\n\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u3001\u53d8\u91cf\u3001\u5e38\u91cf\u3001\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u3001\u6d41\u7a0b\u63a7\u5236（\u5206\u652f \/ \u5faa\u73af）\u3001\u51fd\u6570<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61<\/td>\n\u7c7b \/ \u5bf9\u8c61\u3001\u5c01\u88c5\u3001\u7ee7\u627f\u3001\u591a\u6001\u3001\u6784\u9020 \/ \u6790\u6784\u51fd\u6570\u3001\u865a\u51fd\u6570\u3001\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236（public\/private）<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u5bb9\u5668\u4e0e\u7b97\u6cd5<\/td>\nSTL \u6807\u51c6\u5e93（vector\/string\/map \u7b49\u5bb9\u5668\u3001\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u3001\u5e38\u7528\u7b97\u6cd5）<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u6307\u9488\u4e0e\u5f15\u7528<\/td>\n\u6307\u9488\u3001\u5f15\u7528\u3001\u52a8\u6001\u5185\u5b58\u5206\u914d（new\/delete）\u3001\u667a\u80fd\u6307\u9488<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7279\u6027<\/td>\n\u6a21\u677f（\u6cdb\u578b）\u3001\u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406（try-catch）\u3001\u547d\u540d\u7a7a\u95f4（namespace）<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u8f93\u5165\u8f93\u51fa<\/td>\ncin\/cout\u3001\u6587\u4ef6 IO（fstream）<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u4e8c\u3001\u9ad8\u9891\u6838\u5fc3\u8bed\u6cd5（\u9644\u6781\u7b80\u793a\u4f8b）<\/h4>\n

1. \u57fa\u7840\u8bed\u6cd5（\u5165\u95e8\u5fc5\u638c\u63e1）<\/h5>\n
（1）\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u4e0e\u53d8\u91cf<\/h6>\n

cpp<\/p>\n

\u8fd0\u884c<\/p>\n

#include <iostream>
\nusing namespace std;<\/p>\n

int main() {
\n \/\/ \u57fa\u672c\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b
\n int a = 10; \/\/ \u6574\u578b
\n double b = 3.14; \/\/ \u6d6e\u70b9\u578b
\n char c = 'A'; \/\/ \u5b57\u7b26\u578b
\n bool d = true; \/\/ \u5e03\u5c14\u578b
\n const int e = 100; \/\/ \u5e38\u91cf（\u4e0d\u53ef\u4fee\u6539）<\/p>\n

\/\/ \u8f93\u51fa\u53d8\u91cf
\n cout << "\u6574\u578b：" << a << endl;
\n cout << "\u6d6e\u70b9\u578b：" << b << endl;
\n return 0;
\n}<\/p>\n

（2）\u6d41\u7a0b\u63a7\u5236（\u5206\u652f + \u5faa\u73af）<\/h6>\n

cpp<\/p>\n

\u8fd0\u884c<\/p>\n

#include <iostream>
\nusing namespace std;<\/p>\n

int main() {
\n \/\/ \u5206\u652f：if-else
\n int score = 85;
\n if (score >= 90) {
\n cout << "\u4f18\u79c0" << endl;
\n } else if (score >= 60) {
\n cout << "\u53ca\u683c" << endl;
\n } else {
\n cout << "\u4e0d\u53ca\u683c" << endl;
\n }<\/p>\n

\/\/ \u5faa\u73af：for
\n for (int i = 1; i <= 5; i++) {
\n cout << i << " "; \/\/ \u8f93\u51fa：1 2 3 4 5
\n }
\n cout << endl;<\/p>\n

\/\/ \u5faa\u73af：while
\n int j = 1;
\n while (j <= 3) {
\n cout << j << " "; \/\/ \u8f93\u51fa：1 2 3
\n j++;
\n }
\n return 0;
\n}<\/p>\n

2. \u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u6838\u5fc3（C++ \u6838\u5fc3\u7279\u8272）<\/h5>\n

cpp<\/p>\n

\u8fd0\u884c<\/p>\n

#include <iostream>
\n#include <string>
\nusing namespace std;<\/p>\n

\/\/ \u5b9a\u4e49\u7c7b（\u5c01\u88c5）
\nclass Student {
\nprivate: \/\/ \u79c1\u6709\u5c5e\u6027（\u5c01\u88c5）
\n string name;
\n int age;
\npublic: \/\/ \u516c\u6709\u65b9\u6cd5
\n \/\/ \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570（\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5bf9\u8c61）
\n Student(string n, int a) : name(n), age(a) {}<\/p>\n

\/\/ \u6210\u5458\u51fd\u6570
\n void showInfo() {
\n cout << "\u59d3\u540d：" << name << "，\u5e74\u9f84：" << age << endl;
\n }<\/p>\n

\/\/ \u6790\u6784\u51fd\u6570（\u91ca\u653e\u8d44\u6e90）
\n ~Student() {
\n cout << "\u5bf9\u8c61\u5df2\u9500\u6bc1" << endl;
\n }
\n};<\/p>\n

\/\/ \u7ee7\u627f\u793a\u4f8b
\nclass Graduate : public Student {
\nprivate:
\n string major; \/\/ \u5b50\u7c7b\u6269\u5c55\u5c5e\u6027
\npublic:
\n Graduate(string n, int a, string m) : Student(n, a), major(m) {}<\/p>\n

\/\/ \u91cd\u5199（\u591a\u6001\u57fa\u7840）
\n void showInfo() {
\n cout << "\u7814\u7a76\u751f-\u59d3\u540d：" << getName() << "，\u4e13\u4e1a：" << major << endl;
\n }<\/p>\n

\/\/ \u9700\u8865\u5145getName\u65b9\u6cd5（\u7236\u7c7b\u6dfb\u52a0public string getName() { return name; }）
\n string getName() {
\n \/\/ \u5b9e\u9645\u9700\u5728\u7236\u7c7b\u66b4\u9732name\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u65b9\u6cd5，\u6b64\u5904\u7b80\u5316\u6f14\u793a
\n return "Tom";
\n }
\n};<\/p>\n

int main() {
\n \/\/ \u521b\u5efa\u5bf9\u8c61
\n Student s1("Alice", 18);
\n s1.showInfo(); \/\/ \u8f93\u51fa：\u59d3\u540d：Alice，\u5e74\u9f84：18<\/p>\n

Graduate g1("Tom", 22, "\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a");
\n g1.showInfo(); \/\/ \u8f93\u51fa：\u7814\u7a76\u751f-\u59d3\u540d：Tom，\u4e13\u4e1a：\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a
\n return 0;
\n}<\/p>\n

3. \u6307\u9488\u4e0e\u5f15\u7528（C++ \u91cd\u70b9\u96be\u70b9）<\/h5>\n

cpp<\/p>\n

\u8fd0\u884c<\/p>\n

#include <iostream>
\nusing namespace std;<\/p>\n

int main() {
\n \/\/ \u6307\u9488：\u5b58\u50a8\u53d8\u91cf\u5730\u5740
\n int num = 10;
\n int *p = &num; \/\/ p\u6307\u5411num\u7684\u5730\u5740
\n cout << "\u6307\u9488\u53d6\u503c：" << *p << endl; \/\/ \u8f93\u51fa：10
\n *p = 20; \/\/ \u4fee\u6539\u6307\u9488\u6307\u5411\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u503c
\n cout << "\u4fee\u6539\u540enum：" << num << endl; \/\/ \u8f93\u51fa：20<\/p>\n

\/\/ \u5f15\u7528：\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u522b\u540d（\u5fc5\u987b\u521d\u59cb\u5316）
\n int &ref = num;
\n ref = 30;
\n cout << "\u5f15\u7528\u4fee\u6539\u540enum：" << num << endl; \/\/ \u8f93\u51fa：30<\/p>\n

\/\/ \u52a8\u6001\u5185\u5b58\u5206\u914d
\n int *arr = new int[5]; \/\/ \u5206\u914d\u6570\u7ec4\u5185\u5b58
\n for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
\n arr[i] = i + 1;
\n }
\n delete[] arr; \/\/ \u91ca\u653e\u6570\u7ec4\u5185\u5b58（\u907f\u514d\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f）
\n return 0;
\n}<\/p>\n

4. STL \u5bb9\u5668（\u9ad8\u9891\u5b9e\u7528）<\/h5>\n

cpp<\/p>\n

\u8fd0\u884c<\/p>\n

#include <iostream>
\n#include <vector> \/\/ \u52a8\u6001\u6570\u7ec4\u5bb9\u5668
\n#include <map> \/\/ \u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u5bb9\u5668
\nusing namespace std;<\/p>\n

int main() {
\n \/\/ vector\u5bb9\u5668
\n vector<int> vec;
\n vec.push_back(1); \/\/ \u6dfb\u52a0\u5143\u7d20
\n vec.push_back(2);
\n \/\/ \u904d\u5386\u5bb9\u5668
\n for (int i = 0; i < vec.size(); i++) {
\n cout << vec[i] << " "; \/\/ \u8f93\u51fa：1 2
\n }
\n cout << endl;<\/p>\n

\/\/ map\u5bb9\u5668（\u952e\u503c\u5bf9）
\n map<string, int> scoreMap;
\n scoreMap["Math"] = 90;
\n scoreMap["English"] = 85;
\n \/\/ \u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u904d\u5386
\n for (auto it = scoreMap.begin(); it != scoreMap.end(); it++) {
\n cout << it->first << "：" << it->second << endl;
\n }
\n return 0;
\n}<\/p>\n

\u4e09\u3001\u65b0\u624b\u9ad8\u9891\u6613\u9519\u70b9<\/h4>\n
  • \u5fd8\u8bb0\u5206\u53f7：C++ \u8bed\u53e5\u672b\u5c3e\u5fc5\u987b\u52a0;，\u6f0f\u5199\u4f1a\u76f4\u63a5\u7f16\u8bd1\u62a5\u9519；<\/li>\n
  • \u6307\u9488\u8d8a\u754c \/ \u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f：\u52a8\u6001\u5206\u914d\u5185\u5b58（new）\u540e\u5fc5\u987b\u91ca\u653e（delete），\u907f\u514d\u91ce\u6307\u9488；<\/li>\n
  • \u5f15\u7528\u4f7f\u7528\u9519\u8bef：\u5f15\u7528\u5fc5\u987b\u521d\u59cb\u5316，\u4e14\u4e0d\u80fd\u6307\u5411\u7a7a\u503c，\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u91cd\u65b0\u6307\u5411\u5176\u4ed6\u53d8\u91cf；<\/li>\n
  • \u7c7b\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236：private \u5c5e\u6027\u4e0d\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u8bbf\u95ee，\u9700\u901a\u8fc7 public \u65b9\u6cd5（\u5c01\u88c5\u7279\u6027）；<\/li>\n
  • \u547d\u540d\u7a7a\u95f4：\u672a\u52a0using namespace std;\u65f6，\u9700\u5199std::cout\/std::cin，\u5426\u5219\u62a5\u9519\u3002<\/li>\n

    \u603b\u7ed3<\/h4>\n
  • C++ \u6838\u5fc3\u8bed\u6cd5\u5206\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\u8bed\u6cd5\u3001\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u3001\u6307\u9488 \/ \u5f15\u7528\u3001STL \u5bb9\u5668\u56db\u5927\u6838\u5fc3\u6a21\u5757，\u5176\u4e2d\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u548c\u6307\u9488\u662f\u91cd\u70b9；<\/li>\n
  • \u65b0\u624b\u5b66\u4e60\u9700 \u201c\u8fb9\u5199\u8fb9\u7ec3\u201d，\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bed\u6cd5\u70b9\u90fd\u8981\u5199\u53ef\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u6781\u7b80\u793a\u4f8b，\u907f\u514d\u53ea\u770b\u4e0d\u52a8\u624b；<\/li>\n
  • \u91cd\u70b9\u89c4\u907f\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f\u3001\u8bed\u6cd5\u683c\u5f0f（\u5206\u53f7 \/ \u547d\u540d\u7a7a\u95f4）\u7b49\u57fa\u7840\u9519\u8bef，\u964d\u4f4e\u8c03\u8bd5\u6210\u672c\u3002<\/li>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    \u4e00\u3001C \u6838\u5fc3\u8bed\u6cd5\u6846\u67b6（\u6838\u5fc3\u6a21\u5757\u68b3\u7406）C \u8bed\u6cd5\u5728 C \u8bed\u8a00\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u6269\u5c55\u4e86\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u3001\u6cdb\u578b\u7b49\u6838\u5fc3\u7279\u6027，\u6838\u5fc3\u6a21\u5757\u53ef\u5206\u4e3a 6 \u5927\u7c7b：\u6a21\u5757\u6838\u5fc3\u5185\u5bb9\u57fa\u7840\u8bed\u6cd5\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u3001\u53d8\u91cf\u3001\u5e38\u91cf\u3001\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u3001\u6d41\u7a0b\u63a7\u5236（\u5206\u652f \/ \u5faa\u73af）\u3001\u51fd\u6570\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7c7b \/ \u5bf9\u8c61\u3001\u5c01\u88c5\u3001\u7ee7\u627f\u3001\u591a\u6001\u3001\u6784\u9020 \/ \u6790\u6784\u51fd\u6570\u3001\u865a\u51fd\u6570\u3001\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236（public\/private）\u5bb9\u5668\u4e0e\u7b97\u6cd5STL \u6807\u51c6\u5e93（vector\/st<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[55,190],"topic":[],"class_list":["post-61292","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-server","tag-c","tag-190"],"yoast_head":"\nC++\u8bed\u6cd5 - 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