{"id":60802,"date":"2026-01-16T11:33:54","date_gmt":"2026-01-16T03:33:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/60802.html"},"modified":"2026-01-16T11:33:54","modified_gmt":"2026-01-16T03:33:54","slug":"10-%e5%90%b4%e6%81%a9%e8%be%be%e6%9c%ba%e5%99%a8%e5%ad%a6%e4%b9%a0-%e6%97%a0%e7%9b%91%e7%9d%a3%e5%ad%a6%e4%b9%a001%e8%81%9a%e7%b1%bb%e4%b8%8e%e5%bc%82%e5%b8%b8%e6%a3%80%e6%b5%8b","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/60802.html","title":{"rendered":"10.\u5434\u6069\u8fbe\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u2014\u2014\u65e0\u76d1\u7763\u5b66\u4e6001\u805a\u7c7b\u4e0e\u5f02\u5e38\u68c0\u6d4b\u7b97\u6cd5"},"content":{"rendered":"<p id=\"uedcb51da\"><span style=\"color:#494949\">\u4ece\u672c\u8282\u5f00\u59cb&#xff0c;\u6b63\u5f0f\u8fdb\u5165\u65e0\u76d1\u7763\u5b66\u4e60\u8bfe\u7a0b\u90e8\u5206<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"w3wPg\"><span style=\"color:#494949\">\u4e00\u3001\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u805a\u7c7b<\/span><\/h2>\n<p id=\"u51e3d397\"><span style=\"color:#494949\">\u805a\u7c7b&#xff08;Clustering&#xff09;\u662f\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u9886\u57df\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u65e0\u76d1\u7763\u5b66\u4e60\u65b9\u6cd5&#xff0c;\u5176\u6838\u5fc3\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u4e2d\u7684\u6837\u672c\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u82e5\u5e72\u4e2a\u5b50\u96c6&#xff08;\u79f0\u4e3a\u7c07&#xff0c;Cluster&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u4f7f\u5f97\u540c\u4e00\u7c07\u5185\u7684\u6837\u672c\u4e4b\u95f4\u76f8\u4f3c\u5ea6\u8f83\u9ad8&#xff0c;\u800c\u4e0d\u540c\u7c07\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6837\u672c\u76f8\u4f3c\u5ea6\u8f83\u4f4e\u3002\u805a\u7c7b\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u9884\u5148\u6807\u6ce8\u7684\u6807\u7b7e\u6570\u636e&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u6837\u672c\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u5206\u5e03\u81ea\u52a8\u53d1\u73b0\u6570\u636e\u5185\u5728\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"vn8Nt\"><span style=\"color:#494949\">\u4e8c\u3001K\u5747\u503c\u7b97\u6cd5<\/span><\/h2>\n<p id=\"u176e0016\"><span style=\"color:#494949\">K\u5747\u503c\u7b97\u6cd5\u4f1a\u505a\u4e24\u4ef6\u4e8b&#xff1a;\u5c06\u70b9\u5206\u914d\u7ed9\u805a\u7c7b\u4e2d\u5fc3&#xff0c;\u79fb\u52a8\u805a\u7c7b<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"Fncdd\"><span style=\"color:#494949\">(1)\u7b97\u6cd5\u6b65\u9aa4<\/span><\/h3>\n<li id=\"ufd4b3b4d\"><span style=\"color:#494949\">\u968f\u673a\u731c\u6d4b\u4f60\u53ef\u80fd\u8981\u6c42\u7b97\u6cd5\u627e\u5230\u7684\u805a\u7c7b\u7684\u4e2d\u5fc3&#xff0c;\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\u9996\u5148\u968f\u673a\u627e\u4e24\u4e2a\u70b9\u4f5c\u4e3a\u805a\u7c7b\u4e2d\u5fc3<\/span><\/li>\n<p id=\"u85bce721\">\n<p class=\"img-center\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" height=\"670\" id=\"u1ac33547\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/20260116033346-6969b19a60e8e.png\" width=\"882\" \/><\/p>\n<li id=\"u6741126d\"><span style=\"color:#494949\">\u7b97\u6cd5\u4f1a\u904d\u5386\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u70b9\u4e0e\u805a\u7c7b\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u8ddd\u79bb&#xff0c;\u79bb\u8c01\u66f4\u8fd1&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u70b9\u5c31\u5f52\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e00\u7c7b<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"u93888416\"><span style=\"color:#494949\">\u67e5\u770b\u6240\u6709\u7ecf\u8fc7\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u5206\u914d\u540e\u7684\u76f8\u540c\u7c7b\u70b9&#xff0c;\u5e76\u53d6\u8be5\u7c7b\u70b9\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u503c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8be5\u7c7b\u7684\u65b0\u4e2d\u5fc3&#xff0c;\u66f4\u65b0\u805a\u7c7b\u4e2d\u5fc3&#xff08;\u8fd9\u91cc\u662f\u5bf9\u7ea2\u8272\u548c\u84dd\u8272\u5206\u522b\u64cd\u4f5c&#xff09;<\/span>\n<p class=\"img-center\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" height=\"661\" id=\"ua162fc81\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/20260116033346-6969b19ac7150.png\" width=\"1089\" \/><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"uc46dfe0b\"><span style=\"color:#494949\">\u63a5\u7740\u91cd\u590d\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4&#xff0c;\u76f4\u5230\u805a\u7c7b\u4e2d\u5fc3\u4e0d\u518d\u6709\u592a\u5927\u53d8\u5316<\/span>\n<p class=\"img-center\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" height=\"679\" id=\"u2cb3f5e7\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/20260116033347-6969b19b406cf.png\" width=\"876\" \/><\/p>\n<p class=\"img-center\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" height=\"656\" id=\"ue99f2eb0\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/20260116033347-6969b19b6eda2.png\" width=\"864\" \/><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<h3 id=\"HMJsG\"><span style=\"color:#494949\">(2)\u7b97\u6cd5\u5b9e\u73b0<\/span><\/h3>\n<p id=\"u34d8f901\">\n<p class=\"img-center\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" height=\"613\" id=\"ub255c190\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/20260116033347-6969b19b9c299.png\" width=\"1340\" \/><\/p>\n<p id=\"ue05e435b\"><span style=\"color:#494949\">\u6ce8\u610f&#xff0c;\u5982\u679c\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u70b9\u6ca1\u6709\u88ab\u805a\u7c7b&#xff0c;\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u5220\u9664\u8fd9\u4e2a\u70b9<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"VwHaT\"><span style=\"color:#494949\">(3)\u7b97\u6cd5\u4f18\u5316<\/span><\/h3>\n<li id=\"u2cd56331\"><span style=\"color:#494949\">\u7b97\u6cd5\u4ee3\u4ef7\u51fd\u6570\u5b9a\u4e49<\/span><\/li>\n<p id=\"u31d60407\">\n<p class=\"img-center\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" height=\"648\" id=\"uf7ecaea3\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/20260116033348-6969b19c03559.png\" width=\"1255\" \/><\/p>\n<li id=\"u4b99b992\"><span style=\"color:#494949\">\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u805a\u7c7b\u4e2d\u5fc3<\/span><\/li>\n<p id=\"u60384ac4\"><span style=\"color:#494949\">\u4e4b\u524d\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u662f\u968f\u673a\u70b9&#xff0c;\u800c\u805a\u7c7b\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e2d\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u662f\u7528\u8bad\u7ec3\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u4e2d\u7684K\u4e2a\u70b9\u4f5c\u4e3a\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u7684\u805a\u7c7b\u4e2d\u5fc3&#xff0c;\u800c\u8fd9K\u4e2a\u70b9\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u8981\u4f7f\u5f97\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u4ee3\u4ef7\u51fd\u6570\u6700\u4f4e&#xff0c;\u4fbf\u662f\u6700\u4f18&#xff0c;\u56fe\u4e2d\u7ea2\u6846\u90e8\u5206\u65e2\u662f\u6700\u4f18<\/span><\/p>\n<p id=\"u2982acf0\">\n<p class=\"img-center\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" height=\"686\" id=\"u33ac7463\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/20260116033348-6969b19c57998.png\" width=\"1377\" \/><\/p>\n<p id=\"u728f2756\"><span style=\"color:#494949\">\u91c7\u7528\u591a\u6b21\u968f\u673a\u521d\u59cb\u5316&#xff0c;\u66b4\u529b\u627e\u5230\u6700\u4f18<\/span><\/p>\n<p id=\"u01e0830c\">\n<p class=\"img-center\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" height=\"642\" id=\"ucd0138fe\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/20260116033348-6969b19ccb228.png\" width=\"1234\" \/><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"P33zM\"><span style=\"color:#494949\">(4)\u9009\u62e9\u805a\u7c7b\u6570\u91cf<\/span><\/h3>\n<h4 id=\"wYsUg\"><span style=\"color:#494949\">1. \u8098\u90e8\u6cd5\u5219&#xff08;Elbow Method&#xff09;<\/span><\/h4>\n<p id=\"ua4d7bff6\"><span style=\"color:#494949\">\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u8ba1\u7b97\u4e0d\u540cK\u503c\u4e0b\u7684\u7c07\u5185\u5e73\u65b9\u548c&#xff08;Within-Cluster Sum of Squares, WCSS&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u5373\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6837\u672c\u5230\u5176\u6240\u5c5e\u805a\u7c7b\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u8ddd\u79bb\u5e73\u65b9\u548c\u3002\u968fK\u589e\u52a0&#xff0c;WCSS\u4f1a\u8fc5\u901f\u4e0b\u964d\u540e\u8d8b\u4e8e\u5e73\u7f13\u3002\u7ed8\u5236WCSS\u968fK\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u66f2\u7ebf&#xff0c;\u5bfb\u627e\u66f2\u7ebf\u62d0\u70b9&#xff08;\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u201c\u8098\u90e8\u201d&#xff09;\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6700\u4f18K&#xff0c;\u8be5\u70b9\u4e4b\u540eWCSS\u4e0b\u964d\u5e45\u5ea6\u663e\u8457\u51cf\u5c0f&#xff0c;\u8868\u793a\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u589e\u52a0K\u7684\u6536\u76ca\u9012\u51cf\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p id=\"u4c1eb236\"><span style=\"color:#494949\">\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e3a\u8098\u90e8\u6cd5\u5219\u7684\u5178\u578b\u66f2\u7ebf\u793a\u4f8b&#xff1a;<\/span><\/p>\n<p id=\"ufc13171d\">\n<p class=\"img-center\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" height=\"574\" id=\"ud91a2a95\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/20260116033349-6969b19d58a83.png\" width=\"1344\" \/><\/p>\n<h4 id=\"A6KkU\"><span style=\"color:#494949\">2. \u5176\u4ed6\u8003\u8651\u56e0\u7d20<\/span><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li id=\"u971ed146\"><span style=\"color:#494949\">\u9886\u57df\u77e5\u8bc6&#xff1a;\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u5e38\u7ed3\u5408\u4e1a\u52a1\u7406\u89e3\u9884\u4f30\u5408\u7406K\u503c&#xff08;\u5982\u5ba2\u6237\u5206\u7fa4\u4e2d\u7684\u9884\u671f\u7ec6\u5206\u6570\u91cf&#xff09;\u3002<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"ud517e1bd\"><span style=\"color:#494949\">\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u7ed3\u5408&#xff1a;\u5355\u4e00\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u80fd\u4ea7\u751f\u6b67\u4e49&#xff0c;\u63a8\u8350\u540c\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u8098\u90e8\u6cd5\u3001\u8f6e\u5ed3\u7cfb\u6570\u6cd5\u548c\u95f4\u9699\u7edf\u8ba1\u6cd5\u8fdb\u884c\u4ea4\u53c9\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3002<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"u85d7c313\"><span style=\"color:#494949\">\u5c40\u9650\u6027&#xff1a;\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u5747\u4e3a\u542f\u53d1\u5f0f&#xff0c;\u5f53\u6570\u636e\u7c07\u5f62\u72b6\u4e0d\u89c4\u5219\u3001\u91cd\u53e0\u4e25\u91cd\u6216\u566a\u58f0\u8f83\u591a\u65f6&#xff0c;\u53ef\u80fd\u65e0\u6cd5\u7ed9\u51fa\u6e05\u6670\u6700\u4f18K&#xff0c;\u6b64\u65f6\u53ef\u8003\u8651\u5176\u4ed6\u805a\u7c7b\u7b97\u6cd5&#xff08;\u5982DBSCAN&#xff0c;\u65e0\u9700\u6307\u5b9aK&#xff09;\u3002<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p id=\"udad917e6\"><span style=\"color:#494949\">\u5728\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7\u7f16\u7a0b\u5e93&#xff08;\u5982Python\u7684scikit-learn&#xff09;\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e0a\u8ff0\u8bc4\u4f30&#xff0c;\u904d\u5386\u5408\u7406K\u8303\u56f4&#xff08;\u901a\u5e38\u4ece2\u5230\u221an&#xff0c;n\u4e3a\u6837\u672c\u6570&#xff09;\u5e76\u6bd4\u8f83\u6307\u6807\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"L8gfE\"><span style=\"color:#494949\">\u4e09\u3001\u5f02\u5e38\u68c0\u6d4b\u7b97\u6cd5<\/span><\/h2>\n<h3 id=\"MGfFP\"><span style=\"color:#494949\">(1)\u57fa\u672c\u6982\u5ff5<\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li id=\"ubd4dd7f3\"><span style=\"color:#494949\">\u5b9e\u73b0\u5f02\u5e38\u68c0\u6d4b\u7b97\u6cd5\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u53eb\u5bc6\u5ea6\u4f30\u8ba1\u7684\u6280\u672f&#xff0c;\u5f53\u5f97\u5230m\u4e2a\u6837\u672c\u65f6&#xff0c;\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u505a\u7684\u662f\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2ax\u7684\u6982\u7387\u6a21\u578b&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u627e\u51fa\u7279\u5f81\u6700\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u503c&#xff0c;\u548c\u6700\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u503c<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"ue699c13d\"><span style=\"color:#494949\">\u6211\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5bc6\u5ea6\u8d8a\u5927\u7684\u533a\u57df&#xff0c;\u7279\u5f81\u53d6\u503c\u6982\u7387\u8d8a\u9ad8&#xff0c;\u5c31\u8d8a\u6b63\u5e38&#xff0c;\u8d8a\u7a00\u758f\u5c31\u8868\u793a\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u95ee\u9898&#xff0c;\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u7684x_test\u7684\u6982\u7387p(x_test)\u5c0f\u4e8e\u67d0\u4e2a\u9608\u503c\u65f6\u5019&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u5176\u6807\u8bb0\u4e3a\u5f02\u5e38&#xff0c;\u4ece\u800c\u8fdb\u884c\u68c0\u6d4b<\/span>\n<p class=\"img-center\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" height=\"568\" id=\"ue181a025\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/20260116033349-6969b19dba45b.png\" width=\"1330\" \/><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 id=\"hN4zi\"><span style=\"color:#494949\">(2)\u7b97\u6cd5\u6784\u5efa<\/span><\/h3>\n<p id=\"ucca58bb6\"><span style=\"color:#494949\">\u4e0b\u56fe\u4e2d\u7684p(x)\u8868\u793a\u6837\u672cx\u7684\u6982\u7387<\/span><\/p>\n<p id=\"ubbbddb01\">\n<p class=\"img-center\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" height=\"661\" id=\"u68241e0a\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/20260116033350-6969b19e1ee5f.png\" width=\"1324\" \/><\/p>\n<p id=\"ud240515a\"><span style=\"color:#494949\">\u6b65\u9aa4\u5982\u4e0b&#xff1a;<\/span><\/p>\n<li id=\"ucf6f2ce3\"><span style=\"color:#494949\">\u9009\u62e9n\u4e2a\u7279\u5f81xi&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7279\u5f81\u53ef\u80fd\u6307\u793a\u5f02\u5e38\u6837\u672c<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"u0f110623\"><span style=\"color:#494949\">\u4e3a\u7279\u5f81\u62df\u5408\u53c2\u6570\u03bc\u548c\u03c3^2<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"udda1ef99\"><span style=\"color:#494949\">\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u6837\u672cx_test&#xff0c;\u8ba1\u7b97p(x),\u5224\u65ad\u662f\u5426\u5c0f\u4e8e\u9608\u503c&#xff0c;\u5982\u679c\u662f\u5c31\u6807\u8bb0\u4e3a\u5f02\u5e38<\/span><\/li>\n<p id=\"u63df215f\">\n<p class=\"img-center\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" height=\"639\" id=\"u271bf13d\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/20260116033350-6969b19e896df.png\" width=\"1319\" \/><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"rqReb\"><span style=\"color:#494949\">(3)\u5f02\u5e38\u68c0\u6d4b\u7cfb\u7edf\u5f00\u53d1\u548c\u8bc4\u4f30<\/span><\/h3>\n<p id=\"u09286004\"><span style=\"color:#494949\">\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e9b\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u77e5\u76ee\u6807\u503c\u7684\u6570\u636e&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u5e38\u5e38\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u503c\u4f30\u8ba1\u6765\u8bc4\u4f30\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u4f18\u52a3&#xff0c;\u5e76\u5bf9\u6a21\u578b\u505a\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\u8c03\u6574\u3002\u793a\u4f8b\u5982\u4e0b&#xff1a;<\/span><\/p>\n<p id=\"uef27bb7e\">\n<p class=\"img-center\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" height=\"637\" id=\"hT9rD\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/20260116033350-6969b19ef202f.png\" width=\"1332\" \/><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li id=\"ua83546b5\"><span style=\"color:#494949\">\u8bad\u7ec3\u96c6\u4f7f\u7528\u6b63\u5e38\u7684\u6570\u636e&#xff0c;<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"ue97f6a11\"><span style=\"color:#494949\">\u4ea4\u53c9\u9a8c\u8bc1\u96c6\u548c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u96c6\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u6b63\u5e38\u7684\u6570\u636e&#xff0c;\u5e76\u4e14\u52a0\u5165\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u5f02\u5e38\u7684\u6570\u636e<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"u3c948ae8\"><span style=\"color:#494949\">\u89c2\u5bdf\u6a21\u578b\u662f\u5426\u80fd\u591f\u6b63\u786e\u5730\u5c06\u5f02\u5e38\u6570\u636e\u627e\u51fa\u6765&#xff0c;\u5e76\u4e14\u5c06\u6b63\u5e38\u5730\u6570\u636e\u8bc6\u522b\u4e3a\u6b63\u5e38&#xff1b;<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"ubed6f378\"><span style=\"color:#494949\">\u8fd9\u91cc\u6211\u4eec\u5e38\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u8c03\u6574\u9608\u503c\u5730\u5927\u5c0f&#xff0c;\u6216\u8005\u662f\u589e\u52a0\u6216\u8005\u5220\u9664\u7279\u5f81\u503c&#xff0c;\u4ee5\u6b64\u6765\u8c03\u6574\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u51c6\u786e\u5ea6\u3002<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"u2c19dcd1\"><span style=\"color:#494949\">\u5728\u4ea4\u53c9\u9a8c\u8bc1\u96c6\u6216\u8005\u6d4b\u8bd5\u96c6\u4e0a\u5b9e\u9645\u8bc4\u4f30\u7b97\u6cd5&#xff1a;\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u8bb2\u8fc7\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u53c2\u6570\u5bf9\u4ea4\u53c9\u9a8c\u8bc1\u96c6\u548c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u96c6\u8fdb\u884c\u8bc4\u4f30&#xff08;\u7cbe\u786e\u7387\u3001\u53ec\u56de\u7387\u3001F1\u5206\u6570&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u77e5\u76ee\u6807\u503c\u3002<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"eUEUq\"><span style=\"color:#494949\">\u56db\u3001\u9ad8\u65af\u5206\u5e03(\u6b63\u6001\u5206\u5e03&#xff09;<\/span><\/h2>\n<h3 id=\"x8EAN\"><span style=\"color:#494949\">(1)\u57fa\u672c\u6982\u5ff5<\/span><\/h3>\n<p id=\"u112391e7\"><span style=\"color:#494949\">\u9ad8\u65af\u5206\u5e03&#xff08;Gaussian distribution&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u4ea6\u79f0\u4e3a\u6b63\u6001\u5206\u5e03&#xff08;Normal distribution&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u8fde\u7eed\u6982\u7387\u5206\u5e03&#xff0c;\u7531\u5fb7\u56fd\u6570\u5b66\u5bb6\u5361\u5c14\u00b7\u5f17\u91cc\u5fb7\u91cc\u5e0c\u00b7\u9ad8\u65af\u547d\u540d\u3002\u5176\u6982\u7387\u5bc6\u5ea6\u51fd\u6570&#xff08;PDF&#xff09;\u5b9a\u4e49\u5982\u4e0b&#xff1a;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"f(x \\\\mid \\\\mu, \\\\sigma^2) &#061; \\\\frac{1}{\\\\sqrt{2\\\\pi\\\\sigma^2}} \\\\exp\\\\left( -\\\\frac{(x - \\\\mu)^2}{2\\\\sigma^2} \\\\right)\" class=\"mathcode\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/20260116033351-6969b19f93ee2.png\" \/><\/p>\n<p id=\"u8a97b3c9\"><span style=\"color:#494949\">\u5176\u4e2d&#xff1a;<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li id=\"u5b0cee39\"><span style=\"color:#494949\">\u03bc\u4e3a\u5747\u503c&#xff08;mean&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u51b3\u5b9a\u5206\u5e03\u7684\u4e2d\u5fc3\u4f4d\u7f6e&#xff1b;<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"uc3fe8292\"><span style=\"color:#494949\">\u03c3\u4e3a\u6807\u51c6\u5dee&#xff08;standard deviation&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u03c3^2\u4e3a\u65b9\u5dee&#xff0c;\u51b3\u5b9a\u5206\u5e03\u7684\u5206\u6563\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3002<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 id=\"ldlf0\"><span style=\"color:#494949\">(2)\u4e3b\u8981\u7279\u6027<\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li id=\"ud13f5d11\"><span style=\"color:#494949\">\u56fe\u5f62\u7279\u5f81&#xff1a;\u5448\u73b0\u5bf9\u79f0\u7684\u949f\u5f62\u66f2\u7ebf&#xff08;bell curve&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u5cf0\u503c\u4f4d\u4e8e\u5747\u503c\u03bc\u5904&#xff0c;\u968f\u504f\u79bb\u5747\u503c\u8ddd\u79bb\u589e\u52a0\u800c\u8fc5\u901f\u8870\u51cf\u3002<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p id=\"u72bb78ca\">\n<p class=\"img-center\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" height=\"640\" id=\"u9eee8c88\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/20260116033351-6969b19f9d6ca.jpg\" width=\"1024\" \/><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li id=\"u63eaca34\"><span style=\"color:#494949\">\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027&#xff1a;\u5173\u4e8e\u5747\u503c\u03bc\u5b8c\u5168\u5bf9\u79f0&#xff0c;\u5747\u503c\u3001\u4e2d\u4f4d\u6570\u548c\u4f17\u6570\u5747\u7b49\u4e8e\u03bc\u3002<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"u2b5af2f0\"><span style=\"color:#494949\">\u7ecf\u9a8c\u6cd5\u5219&#xff08;68-95-99.7\u89c4\u5219&#xff09;&#xff1a;\u7ea668%\u7684\u6570\u636e\u843d\u5728\u03bc\u00b1\u03c3\u8303\u56f4\u5185&#xff0c;95%\u843d\u5728\u03bc\u00b12\u03c3\u5185&#xff0c;99.7%\u843d\u5728\u03bc\u00b13\u03c3\u5185\u3002<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"u47cb3bb9\"><span style=\"color:#494949\">\u7ebf\u6027\u6027\u8d28&#xff1a;\u82e5X\u223cN(\u03bc,\u03c3^2)&#xff0c;\u5219aX&#043;b\u223cN(a\u03bc&#043;b,a^2\u03c3^2)\u3002<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"u8cfddd65\"><span style=\"color:#494949\">\u6807\u51c6\u6b63\u6001\u5206\u5e03&#xff1a;\u5f53\u03bc&#061;0,\u03c3&#061;1\u65f6&#xff0c;\u79f0\u4e3a\u6807\u51c6\u6b63\u6001\u5206\u5e03N(0,1)&#xff0c;\u5e38\u7528\u4e8eZ\u5206\u6570\u8f6c\u6362\u3002<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"YjDSU\"><span style=\"color:#494949\">\u4e94\u3001\u5f02\u5e38\u68c0\u6d4bVS\u76d1\u7763\u5b66\u4e60<\/span><\/h2>\n<p id=\"u90a0db63\"><span style=\"color:#494949\">\u9009\u62e9\u5f02\u5e38\u68c0\u6d4b<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li id=\"ub71d3a1c\"><span style=\"color:#494949\">\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u6709\u5c11\u91cf\u6b63\u6837\u672c\u548c\u76f8\u5bf9\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u8d1f\u6837\u672c\u65f6&#xff0c;\u5f02\u5e38\u68c0\u6d4b\u7b97\u6cd5\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u66f4\u5408\u9002\u7684\u9009\u62e9&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u8d1f\u6837\u672c\u6765\u6784\u5efap(x)\u6a21\u578b&#xff0c;\u6a21\u578b\u53c2\u6570\u53ea\u4ece\u8d1f\u6837\u672c\u4e2d\u5b66\u4e60\u5f97\u5230<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"uf6cc545b\"><span style=\"color:#494949\">\u8f83\u5c0f\u7684\u6b63\u6837\u672c\u53ea\u7528\u4e8e\u4ea4\u53c9\u9a8c\u8bc1\u96c6\u548c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u96c6\u4e2d\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u8c03\u4f18\u8bc4\u4f30<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"ua152c239\"><span style=\"color:#494949\">\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4f60\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u4e2d\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u6216\u8005\u8bb8\u591a\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6b63\u6837\u672c<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"uf2feea9b\"><span style=\"color:#494949\">\u672a\u6765\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u53ef\u80fd\u4ece\u672a\u51fa\u73b0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p id=\"u87aa9308\"><span style=\"color:#494949\">\u9009\u62e9\u76d1\u7763\u5b66\u4e60<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li id=\"u2eec2efa\"><span style=\"color:#494949\">\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u6709\u5927\u91cf\u6b63\u6837\u672c\u548c\u8d1f\u6837\u672c\u65f6\u5019&#xff0c;\u9009\u62e9\u76d1\u7763\u5b66\u4e60\u7b97\u6cd5\u53ef\u80fd\u66f4\u597d<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"ucbaad5a9\"><span style=\"color:#494949\">\u7406\u60f3\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b&#xff0c;\u6709\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u6b63\u6837\u672c\u6765\u8ba9\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e86\u89e3\u6b63\u6837\u672c\u7684\u6837\u5b50<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"u8772180f\"><span style=\"color:#494949\">\u76d1\u7763\u5b66\u4e60\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u5047\u8bbe\u672a\u6765\u7684\u6b63\u6837\u672c\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0e\u8bad\u7ec3\u96c6\u4e2d\u7684\u6b63\u6837\u672c\u76f8\u4f3c<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p id=\"u87d5abed\">\n<p class=\"img-center\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" height=\"643\" id=\"u1cfe7d90\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/20260116033351-6969b19fc00c0.png\" width=\"1342\" \/><\/p>\n<p id=\"u4b38b6c0\"><span style=\"color:#494949\">\u793a\u4f8b\u5982\u4e0b<\/span><\/p>\n<p id=\"u32a47530\">\n<p class=\"img-center\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" height=\"594\" id=\"u78fd9ea1\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/20260116033352-6969b1a02f8c7.png\" width=\"1357\" \/><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"lEtQQ\"><span style=\"color:#494949\">\u516d\u3001\u5f02\u5e38\u68c0\u6d4b\u7b97\u6cd5\u7279\u5f81\u9009\u62e9<\/span><\/h2>\n<h3 id=\"rEigq\"><span style=\"color:#494949\">(1)\u7279\u5f81\u4e0d\u662f\u9ad8\u65af\u5206\u5e03<\/span><\/h3>\n<p id=\"u6b8f74bf\">\n<p class=\"img-center\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" height=\"641\" id=\"ue423a608\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/20260116033352-6969b1a0789fc.png\" width=\"1355\" \/><\/p>\n<p id=\"u41e5d840\"><span 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