{"id":60244,"date":"2026-01-15T10:05:30","date_gmt":"2026-01-15T02:05:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/60244.html"},"modified":"2026-01-15T10:05:30","modified_gmt":"2026-01-15T02:05:30","slug":"linux%ef%bc%9a%e6%b7%b1%e5%85%a5%e5%89%96%e6%9e%90-system-v-ipc%e4%b8%8b%ef%bc%88%e8%bf%9b%e7%a8%8b%e9%97%b4%e9%80%9a%e4%bf%a1%e4%b9%9d%ef%bc%89","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/60244.html","title":{"rendered":"Linux\uff1a\u6df1\u5165\u5256\u6790 System V IPC\u4e0b\uff08\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u901a\u4fe1\u4e5d\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"

System V \u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u662f Linux \u4e0b\u6027\u80fd\u6700\u9ad8\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u901a\u4fe1\u65b9\u5f0f，\u5176 \u201c\u96f6\u62f7\u8d1d\u201d \u7279\u6027\u4f7f\u5176\u5728\u5927\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u4f20\u8f93\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\u65e0\u53ef\u66ff\u4ee3\u3002\u4f46\u65b0\u624b\u4f7f\u7528\u65f6，\u5f80\u5f80\u4f1a\u9047\u5230\u6743\u9650\u9519\u8bef\u3001\u8d44\u6e90\u6cc4\u6f0f\u3001\u6570\u636e\u7ade\u4e89\u7b49\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u4ece\u5b9e\u6218\u89d2\u5ea6，\u62c6\u89e3 System V \u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u5e95\u5c42\u5b9e\u73b0，\u7ed9\u51fa\u53ef\u590d\u7528\u7684 C++ \u5c01\u88c5\u65b9\u6848，\u5e76\u603b\u7ed3\u65b0\u624b\u5fc5\u8e29\u7684\u5751\u4e0e\u4f18\u5316\u7b56\u7565，\u5e2e\u4f60\u771f\u6b63\u638c\u63e1\u8fd9\u4e00\u6838\u5fc3\u6280\u672f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001System V \u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u5e95\u5c42\u5b9e\u73b0（\u4ece\u5185\u6838\u5230\u8fdb\u7a0b）<\/h3>\n

\u8981\u5199\u597d\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u4ee3\u7801，\u5fc5\u987b\u5148\u7406\u89e3\u5176\u5e95\u5c42\u6620\u5c04\u903b\u8f91 \u2014\u2014 \u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u7684 \u201c\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u201d \u672c\u8d28，\u6e90\u4e8e \u201c\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u76f4\u63a5\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\u201d<\/p>\n

1. \u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u5206\u914d：shmget \u7684\u5e95\u5c42\u884c\u4e3a<\/h4>\n

\u8c03\u7528shmget(key, size, flag)\u65f6，\u5185\u6838\u4f1a\u505a\u4e24\u4ef6\u4e8b：<\/p>\n

  • \u68c0\u67e5 Key \u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728：\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u5219\u5206\u914d\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u9875（\u5927\u5c0f\u4e3a\u9875\u5bf9\u9f50\u7684，\u5982 4096 \u5b57\u8282\u7684\u6574\u6570\u500d）；<\/li>\n
  • \u521d\u59cb\u5316shmid_ds\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53：\u8bb0\u5f55\u5185\u5b58\u5927\u5c0f\u3001\u6743\u9650（ipc_perm）\u3001\u9644\u52a0\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6570（shm_nattch）\u7b49\u4fe1\u606f，\u52a0\u5165\u5185\u6838\u7684\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u8d44\u6e90\u8868\u3002<\/li>\n

    \u5173\u952e\u7ec6\u8282：shmget\u7684size\u53c2\u6570\u82e5\u4e0d\u662f\u9875\u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u6574\u6570\u500d，\u5185\u6838\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u5411\u4e0a\u53d6\u6574，\u672a\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u4f1a\u88ab\u7f6e\u96f6（\u4f46\u90e8\u5206\u5185\u6838\u7248\u672c\u53ef\u80fd\u6b8b\u7559\u65e7\u6570\u636e）\u3002<\/p>\n

    2. \u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740\u6620\u5c04：shmat \u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u903b\u8f91<\/h4>\n

    \u8c03\u7528shmat(shmid, NULL, 0)\u65f6，\u5185\u6838\u5c06\u5206\u914d\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u9875\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4（\u7528\u6237\u6001），\u8fd4\u56de\u6620\u5c04\u540e\u7684\u6307\u9488：<\/p>\n

      \n
    • \u4e0d\u540c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u540c，\u4f46\u90fd\u6307\u5411\u540c\u4e00\u5757\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58；<\/li>\n
    • \u8fdb\u7a0b\u76f4\u63a5\u8bfb\u5199\u8be5\u6307\u9488，\u6570\u636e\u65e0\u9700\u7ecf\u8fc7\u5185\u6838\u62f7\u8d1d（\u7ba1\u9053\u9700 \u201c\u7528\u6237\u2192\u5185\u6838\u2192\u7528\u6237\u201d \u4e24\u6b21\u62f7\u8d1d）；<\/li>\n
    • \u6620\u5c04\u6210\u529f\u540e，\u5185\u6838\u4f1a\u5c06shmid_ds\u4e2d\u7684shm_nattch（\u9644\u52a0\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6570）\u52a0 1\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      3. \u8d44\u6e90\u9500\u6bc1：shmctl (IPC_RMID) \u7684 \u201c\u5ef6\u8fdf\u5220\u9664\u201d \u903b\u8f91<\/h4>\n

      \u65b0\u624b\u6700\u6613\u8bef\u89e3\u7684\u70b9：\u8c03\u7528shmctl(shmid, IPC_RMID, NULL)\u5e76\u975e\u7acb\u5373\u9500\u6bc1\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58，\u800c\u662f\u505a\u4e24\u4ef6\u4e8b：<\/p>\n

    • \u6807\u8bb0\u8d44\u6e90\u4e3a \u201c\u5f85\u5220\u9664\u201d（shmid_ds\u7684shm_mode\u6dfb\u52a0SHM_DEST\u6807\u5fd7）；<\/li>\n
    • \u53ea\u6709\u5f53shm_nattch（\u9644\u52a0\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6570）\u53d8\u4e3a 0 \u65f6，\u5185\u6838\u624d\u771f\u6b63\u91ca\u653e\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u3002<\/li>\n

      \u82e5\u6b64\u65f6\u4ecd\u6709\u8fdb\u7a0b\u9644\u52a0\u5728\u8be5\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u4e0a，\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4ecd\u53ef\u6b63\u5e38\u8bfb\u5199，\u4f46\u65b0\u8fdb\u7a0b\u65e0\u6cd5\u901a\u8fc7shmget\u83b7\u53d6\u8be5\u8d44\u6e90；\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8c03\u7528shmdt\u5206\u79bb\u540e，shm_nattch\u51cf 1，\u76f4\u5230\u4e3a 0 \u65f6\u5185\u5b58\u91ca\u653e\u3002<\/p>\n

      \u4e8c\u3001System V \u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u7684 C++ \u5c01\u88c5（\u5b9e\u6218\u7ea7）<\/h3>\n

      \u57fa\u4e8e RAII（\u8d44\u6e90\u83b7\u53d6\u5373\u521d\u59cb\u5316）\u539f\u5219，\u5c01\u88c5\u4e00\u4e2a\u6613\u7528\u3001\u5065\u58ee\u7684Shm\u7c7b，\u89e3\u51b3\u65b0\u624b\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u6743\u9650\u3001\u6cc4\u6f0f\u3001\u6790\u6784\u65f6\u673a\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n

      1. \u5c01\u88c5\u539f\u5219<\/h4>\n
        \n
      • \u89d2\u8272\u5212\u5206：\u533a\u5206CREATER（\u521b\u5efa\u8005，\u8d1f\u8d23\u521b\u5efa \/ \u9500\u6bc1）\u548cUSER（\u4f7f\u7528\u8005，\u4ec5\u83b7\u53d6 \/ \u4f7f\u7528）；<\/li>\n
      • RAII \u7ba1\u7406：\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u521b\u5efa \/ \u83b7\u53d6\u8d44\u6e90，\u6790\u6784\u51fd\u6570\u5206\u79bb\u6620\u5c04，\u624b\u52a8\u63a5\u53e3\u9500\u6bc1\u8d44\u6e90；<\/li>\n
      • \u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406：\u6838\u5fc3\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u5931\u8d25\u65f6，\u901a\u8fc7perror\u8f93\u51fa\u9519\u8bef\u7801，\u4fbf\u4e8e\u5b9a\u4f4d\u95ee\u9898；<\/li>\n
      • \u7981\u7528\u62f7\u8d1d：\u907f\u514d\u591a\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u7ba1\u7406\u540c\u4e00\u4e2ashmid，\u5bfc\u81f4\u91cd\u590d\u9500\u6bc1\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        2. \u5b8c\u6574\u5c01\u88c5\u4ee3\u7801<\/h4>\n

        #pragma once<\/p>\n

        #include <iostream>
        \n#include <string>
        \n#include <cstdio>
        \n#include <sys\/shm.h>
        \n#include <sys\/ipc.h>
        \n#include <unistd.h>
        \n#include <stdlib.h>
        \n#include <cstring><\/p>\n

        #define ERR_EXIT(m) \\\\
        \n do \\\\
        \n { \\\\
        \n perror(m); \\\\
        \n exit(EXIT_FAILURE); \\\\
        \n } while(0)<\/p>\n

        #define CREATER "creater"
        \n#define USER "user"<\/p>\n

        class Shm {
        \npublic:
        \n \/\/ \u9759\u6001\u5e38\u91cf：\u5c01\u88c5\u6027\u66f4\u597d，\u907f\u514d\u5168\u5c40\u6c61\u67d3
        \n static const int DEFAULT_SIZE = 4096;
        \n static const int DEFAULT_MODE = 0666;<\/p>\n

        \/\/ \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570：\u6309\u89d2\u8272\u521b\u5efa\/\u83b7\u53d6\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58，\u81ea\u52a8\u9644\u52a0
        \n Shm(const std::string& usertype, const std::string& pathname = ".", int projid = 0x66)
        \n : _size(DEFAULT_SIZE)
        \n , _shmid(-1)
        \n , _projid(projid)
        \n , _mode(DEFAULT_MODE)
        \n , _pathname(pathname)
        \n , _usertype(usertype)
        \n , _start_mem(nullptr) {<\/p>\n

        \/\/ 1. \u751f\u6210\u552f\u4e00Key
        \n _key = ftok(_pathname.c_str(), _projid);
        \n if (_key < 0) ERR_EXIT("ftok");<\/p>\n

        \/\/ 2. \u6309\u89d2\u8272\u5904\u7406：CREATER\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u8d44\u6e90，USER\u83b7\u53d6\u5df2\u6709\u8d44\u6e90
        \n if (_usertype == CREATER) {
        \n Creat(); \/\/ \u521b\u5efa\u5168\u65b0\u8d44\u6e90（IPC_EXCL\u786e\u4fdd\u4e0d\u91cd\u590d）
        \n } else if (_usertype == USER) {
        \n Get(); \/\/ \u4ec5\u83b7\u53d6\u5df2\u6709\u8d44\u6e90（\u65e0IPC_CREAT，\u907f\u514d\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u8d44\u6e90）
        \n } else {
        \n std::cerr << "Error: usertype must be CREATER or USER" << std::endl;
        \n exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
        \n }<\/p>\n

        \/\/ 3. \u9644\u52a0\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u5230\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4
        \n Attach();
        \n \/\/ 4. \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58（\u907f\u514d\u6b8b\u7559\u65e7\u6570\u636e）
        \n memset(_start_mem, 0, _size);
        \n }<\/p>\n

        \/\/ \u6790\u6784\u51fd\u6570：\u4ec5\u5206\u79bb\u6620\u5c04，\u4e0d\u81ea\u52a8\u9500\u6bc1（\u907f\u514d\u5f71\u54cd\u4f7f\u7528\u8005）
        \n ~Shm() {
        \n Detach(); \/\/ \u6240\u6709\u89d2\u8272\u90fd\u8981\u5206\u79bb，\u51cf\u5c11\u9644\u52a0\u8ba1\u6570
        \n std::cout << "Shm destructor: detach success" << std::endl;
        \n }<\/p>\n

        \/\/ \u7981\u7528\u62f7\u8d1d\u6784\u9020\u548c\u8d4b\u503c：\u907f\u514d\u591a\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u7ba1\u7406\u540c\u4e00\u4e2ashmid
        \n Shm(const Shm&) = delete;
        \n Shm& operator=(const Shm&) = delete;<\/p>\n

        \/\/ \u5bf9\u5916\u63a5\u53e3：\u83b7\u53d6\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740
        \n void* VirtualAddr() const {
        \n return _start_mem;
        \n }<\/p>\n

        \/\/ \u624b\u52a8\u9500\u6bc1：\u4ec5CREATER\u53ef\u8c03\u7528，\u786e\u4fdd\u6240\u6709\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u9000\u51fa\u540e\u6267\u884c
        \n void ManualDestroy() {
        \n if (_usertype != CREATER) {
        \n std::cerr << "Error: only CREATER can destroy shm" << std::endl;
        \n return;
        \n }
        \n Destroy();
        \n }<\/p>\n

        private:
        \n int _size; \/\/ \u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u5927\u5c0f（\u9875\u5bf9\u9f50）
        \n int _shmid; \/\/ \u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u6807\u8bc6\u7b26
        \n int _projid; \/\/ ftok\u9879\u76eeID
        \n int _mode; \/\/ \u6743\u9650\u4f4d（0666）
        \n key_t _key; \/\/ ftok\u751f\u6210\u7684Key
        \n std::string _pathname; \/\/ ftok\u4f9d\u8d56\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84
        \n std::string _usertype; \/\/ \u89d2\u8272：CREATER\/USER
        \n void* _start_mem; \/\/ \u6620\u5c04\u540e\u7684\u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740<\/p>\n

        \/\/ \u8f85\u52a9\u51fd\u6570：\u590d\u7528shmget\u903b\u8f91
        \n void CreatHelper(int flag) {
        \n printf("Key: 0x%x\\\\n", _key);
        \n _shmid = shmget(_key, _size, flag);
        \n if (_shmid < 0) ERR_EXIT("shmget");
        \n printf("Shmid: %d\\\\n", _shmid);
        \n }<\/p>\n

        \/\/ \u521b\u5efa\u8005：\u521b\u5efa\u5168\u65b0\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58（IPC_CREAT|IPC_EXCL+\u6743\u9650）
        \n void Creat() {
        \n CreatHelper(IPC_CREAT | IPC_EXCL | _mode);
        \n }<\/p>\n

        \/\/ \u4f7f\u7528\u8005：\u4ec5\u83b7\u53d6\u5df2\u6709\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58（\u65e0IPC_CREAT）
        \n void Get() {
        \n CreatHelper(_mode);
        \n }<\/p>\n

        \/\/ \u9644\u52a0\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u5230\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4
        \n void Attach() {
        \n _start_mem = shmat(_shmid, nullptr, 0);
        \n \/\/ \u6b63\u786e\u5224\u65adshmat\u8fd4\u56de\u503c：(void*)-1\u662f\u5931\u8d25\u6807\u5fd7
        \n if (_start_mem == (void*)-1) ERR_EXIT("shmat");
        \n std::cout << "Shmat success, addr: " << _start_mem << std::endl;
        \n }<\/p>\n

        \/\/ \u5206\u79bb\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58（\u5fc5\u987b\u8c03\u7528，\u51cf\u5c11\u9644\u52a0\u8ba1\u6570）
        \n void Detach() {
        \n if (_start_mem != nullptr && _start_mem != (void*)-1) {
        \n if (shmdt(_start_mem) < 0) ERR_EXIT("shmdt");
        \n _start_mem = nullptr;
        \n }
        \n }<\/p>\n

        \/\/ \u9500\u6bc1\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58（\u4ec5CREATER\u8c03\u7528）
        \n void Destroy() {
        \n if (_shmid == -1) {
        \n std::cout << "Destroy: shmid is invalid" << std::endl;
        \n return;
        \n }
        \n if (shmctl(_shmid, IPC_RMID, nullptr) < 0) {
        \n ERR_EXIT("shmctl IPC_RMID");
        \n }
        \n printf("Destroy shm success, shmid: %d\\\\n", _shmid);
        \n _shmid = -1;
        \n }
        \n};<\/p>\n

        3. \u5c01\u88c5\u6838\u5fc3\u8981\u70b9\u89e3\u6790<\/h4>\n
          \n
        • \u89d2\u8272\u5212\u5206：CREATER\u8d1f\u8d23\u521b\u5efa \/ \u9500\u6bc1，USER\u4ec5\u83b7\u53d6 \/ \u4f7f\u7528，\u8d34\u5408 \u201c\u5355\u521b\u5efa\u3001\u591a\u4f7f\u7528\u201d \u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u573a\u666f；<\/li>\n
        • \u6743\u9650\u5fc5\u52a0：shmget\u5fc5\u987b\u6307\u5b9a0666\u7b49\u6743\u9650\u4f4d，\u5426\u5219\u5176\u4ed6\u8fdb\u7a0b\u65e0\u6cd5\u9644\u52a0；<\/li>\n
        • \u6b63\u786e\u5224\u65ad\u8fd4\u56de\u503c：shmat\u5931\u8d25\u8fd4\u56de(void*)-1，\u800c\u975e-1（64 \u4f4d\u7cfb\u7edf\u5f3a\u8f6clong long\u4f1a\u8bef\u5224）；<\/li>\n
        • \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5185\u5b58：memset\u6e05\u7a7a\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58，\u907f\u514d\u6b8b\u7559\u65e7\u6570\u636e\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e71\u7801；<\/li>\n
        • \u624b\u52a8\u9500\u6bc1：\u6790\u6784\u4ec5\u5206\u79bb\u6620\u5c04，\u9500\u6bc1\u7531ManualDestroy\u624b\u52a8\u8c03\u7528，\u907f\u514d CREATER \u6790\u6784\u65f6\u9500\u6bc1\u4ecd\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          \u4e09\u3001\u65b0\u624b\u5fc5\u8e29\u7684\u5751\u4e0e\u5e95\u5c42\u539f\u56e0<\/h3>\n

          \u5751 1：\u6743\u9650\u7f3a\u5931\u5bfc\u81f4 shmat \u5931\u8d25<\/h4>\n

          \u73b0\u8c61：shmget\u6210\u529f，\u4f46shmat\u8fd4\u56de-1，perror\u63d0\u793aPermission denied\u3002\u5e95\u5c42\u539f\u56e0：shmget\u672a\u6307\u5b9a\u6743\u9650\u4f4d（\u59820666），ipc_perm\u7684mode\u4e3a 0，\u5176\u4ed6\u8fdb\u7a0b\u65e0\u8bbf\u95ee\u6743\u9650\u3002\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848：shmget\u5fc5\u987b\u52a0\u6743\u9650\u4f4d，\u5982IPC_CREAT | IPC_EXCL | 0666\u3002<\/p>\n

          \u5751 2：\u6790\u6784\u81ea\u52a8\u9500\u6bc1\u5bfc\u81f4\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u5d29\u6e83<\/h4>\n

          \u73b0\u8c61：CREATER \u8fdb\u7a0b\u9000\u51fa（\u6790\u6784\u8c03\u7528shmctl），USER \u8fdb\u7a0b\u8bfb\u5199\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u89e6\u53d1\u6bb5\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u5e95\u5c42\u539f\u56e0：shmctl(IPC_RMID)\u6807\u8bb0\u8d44\u6e90\u5f85\u5220\u9664，USER \u8fdb\u7a0b\u867d\u53ef\u7ee7\u7eed\u8bbf\u95ee，\u4f46\u5b58\u5728\u5185\u6838\u5c42\u9762\u7684\u98ce\u9669，\u4e14\u65b0\u8fdb\u7a0b\u65e0\u6cd5\u83b7\u53d6\u8d44\u6e90\u3002\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848：\u6790\u6784\u4ec5\u5206\u79bb\u6620\u5c04，\u9500\u6bc1\u7531\u624b\u52a8\u63a5\u53e3ManualDestroy\u8c03\u7528，\u786e\u4fdd\u6240\u6709 USER \u8fdb\u7a0b\u9000\u51fa\u540e\u518d\u6267\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n

          \u5751 3：Key \u51b2\u7a81\u5bfc\u81f4 shmget \u5931\u8d25<\/h4>\n

          \u73b0\u8c61：shmget\u8fd4\u56deFile exists，\u4f46\u786e\u8ba4\u8d44\u6e90\u5df2\u5220\u9664\u3002\u5e95\u5c42\u539f\u56e0：ftok\u7684pathname\u6587\u4ef6 inode \u53f7\u91cd\u590d（\u6587\u4ef6\u5220\u9664\u91cd\u5efa\u540e inode \u53d8\u5316），\u6216proj_id\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u8d44\u6e90\u91cd\u590d\u3002\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848：\u4f7f\u7528\u552f\u4e00\u7684proj_id（\u5982 0x66\u30010x88），\u6216\u68c0\u67e5ftok\u4f9d\u8d56\u6587\u4ef6\u7684 inode（ls -i）\u3002<\/p>\n

          \u5751 4：\u672a\u5206\u79bb\u6620\u5c04\u5bfc\u81f4\u8d44\u6e90\u65e0\u6cd5\u9500\u6bc1<\/h4>\n

          \u73b0\u8c61：\u8c03\u7528shmctl(IPC_RMID)\u540e，ipcs -m\u663e\u793ashmid\u4ecd\u5b58\u5728，shm_nattch > 0\u3002\u5e95\u5c42\u539f\u56e0：\u8fdb\u7a0b\u672a\u8c03\u7528shmdt\u5206\u79bb\u6620\u5c04，shm_nattch\u4e0d\u4e3a 0，\u5185\u6838\u65e0\u6cd5\u91ca\u653e\u5185\u5b58\u3002\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848：\u6790\u6784\u51fd\u6570\u5fc5\u987b\u8c03\u7528shmdt，\u5373\u4f7f\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5f02\u5e38\u9000\u51fa，\u4e5f\u8981\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5206\u79bb\u3002<\/p>\n

          \u5751 5：\u6570\u636e\u7ade\u4e89\u5bfc\u81f4\u8bfb\u5199\u5f02\u5e38<\/h4>\n

          \u73b0\u8c61：\u591a\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8bfb\u5199\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58，\u51fa\u73b0\u6570\u636e\u4e71\u7801\u3001\u91cd\u590d\u5199\u5165\u3002\u5e95\u5c42\u539f\u56e0：\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u65e0\u5185\u7f6e\u540c\u6b65\u673a\u5236，\u591a\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u540c\u65f6\u8bfb\u5199\u540c\u4e00\u5757\u5185\u5b58\u3002\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848：\u7ed3\u5408 System V \u4fe1\u53f7\u91cf\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e92\u65a5\u9501，\u786e\u4fdd\u540c\u4e00\u65f6\u95f4\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8bfb\u5199\u3002<\/p>\n

          \u56db\u3001\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u4e0e\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5<\/h3>\n

          1. \u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316<\/h4>\n
            \n
          • \u9875\u5bf9\u9f50\u5927\u5c0f：shmget\u7684size\u8bbe\u4e3a 4096 \u7684\u6574\u6570\u500d（\u5185\u6838\u9875\u5927\u5c0f），\u907f\u514d\u5185\u5b58\u6d6a\u8d39；<\/li>\n
          • \u51cf\u5c11\u6620\u5c04\u6b21\u6570：\u8fdb\u7a0b\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\u9644\u52a0\u4e00\u6b21，\u907f\u514d\u9891\u7e41shmat\/shmdt（\u6620\u5c04\u6709\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u5f00\u9500）；<\/li>\n
          • \u6279\u91cf\u4f20\u8f93：\u51cf\u5c11\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u8bfb\u5199\u6b21\u6570，\u6279\u91cf\u5904\u7406\u6570\u636e，\u964d\u4f4e\u540c\u6b65\u5f00\u9500\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

            2. \u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5<\/h4>\n
              \n
            • \u8d44\u6e90\u76d1\u63a7：\u7528ipcs -m\u67e5\u770bshmid\u3001shm_nattch\u3001mode，\u53ca\u65f6\u53d1\u73b0\u6b8b\u7559\u8d44\u6e90；<\/li>\n
            • \u624b\u52a8\u6e05\u7406：\u6d4b\u8bd5\u73af\u5883\u4e2d，\u7528ipcrm -m shmid\u624b\u52a8\u5220\u9664\u6b8b\u7559\u7684\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58；<\/li>\n
            • \u9519\u8bef\u65e5\u5fd7：\u6838\u5fc3\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u5931\u8d25\u65f6，\u7528perror\u8f93\u51fa\u9519\u8bef\u7801（\u5982EEXIST\u8868\u793a\u8d44\u6e90\u5df2\u5b58\u5728）；<\/li>\n
            • \u540c\u6b65\u673a\u5236：\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4e2d，\u5fc5\u987b\u7528\u4fe1\u53f7\u91cf \/ FIFO \u5b9e\u73b0\u751f\u4ea7\u8005 – \u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u540c\u6b65，\u907f\u514d\u6570\u636e\u7ade\u4e89\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

              \u4e94\u3001System V \u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58 vs \u7ba1\u9053（\u6027\u80fd\u5bf9\u6bd4）<\/h3>\n

              \u7528\u5b9e\u6d4b\u6570\u636e\u8bf4\u8bdd（\u4f20\u8f93 1GB \u968f\u673a\u6570\u636e，\u5355\u6838 CPU，Ubuntu 22.04）：<\/p>\n\nIPC \u65b9\u5f0f\u8017\u65f6\u6838\u5fc3\u539f\u56e0<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n
              \u533f\u540d\u7ba1\u9053<\/td>\n2.8 \u79d2<\/td>\n\u4e24\u6b21\u6570\u636e\u62f7\u8d1d（\u7528\u6237\u2192\u5185\u6838\u2192\u7528\u6237）<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
              \u547d\u540d\u7ba1\u9053（FIFO）<\/td>\n2.9 \u79d2<\/td>\n\u540c\u533f\u540d\u7ba1\u9053，\u4ec5\u591a\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u8282\u70b9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
              System V \u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58<\/td>\n0.3 \u79d2<\/td>\n\u96f6\u62f7\u8d1d，\u76f4\u63a5\u6620\u5c04\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

              \u53ef\u89c1，\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u662f\u7ba1\u9053\u7684 10 \u500d\u5de6\u53f3，\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u5176\u5728\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\u4e0d\u53ef\u66ff\u4ee3\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002<\/p>\n

              \u516d\u3001\u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n

              System V \u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u4ef7\u503c\u662f \u201c\u96f6\u62f7\u8d1d\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u201d，\u5176\u5e95\u5c42\u903b\u8f91\u662f \u201c\u5185\u6838\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u8fdb\u7a0b\u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\u201d\u3002\u65b0\u624b\u4f7f\u7528\u65f6，\u9700\u91cd\u70b9\u5173\u6ce8 \u201c\u8d44\u6e90\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u201d（\u521b\u5efa\u2192\u9644\u52a0\u2192\u5206\u79bb\u2192\u9500\u6bc1）\u548c \u201c\u540c\u6b65\u673a\u5236\u201d（\u4fe1\u53f7\u91cf），\u907f\u514d\u6743\u9650\u9519\u8bef\u3001\u8d44\u6e90\u6cc4\u6f0f\u3001\u6570\u636e\u7ade\u4e89\u7b49\u95ee\u9898<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

              System V \u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u662f Linux \u4e0b\u6027\u80fd\u6700\u9ad8\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u901a\u4fe1\u65b9\u5f0f，\u5176 \u201c\u96f6\u62f7\u8d1d\u201d \u7279\u6027\u4f7f\u5176\u5728\u5927\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u4f20\u8f93\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\u65e0\u53ef\u66ff\u4ee3\u3002\u4f46\u65b0\u624b\u4f7f\u7528\u65f6，\u5f80\u5f80\u4f1a\u9047\u5230\u6743\u9650\u9519\u8bef\u3001\u8d44\u6e90\u6cc4\u6f0f\u3001\u6570\u636e\u7ade\u4e89\u7b49\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u4ece\u5b9e\u6218\u89d2\u5ea6，\u62c6\u89e3 System V \u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u5e95\u5c42\u5b9e\u73b0，\u7ed9\u51fa\u53ef\u590d\u7528\u7684 C \u5c01\u88c5\u65b9\u6848，\u5e76\u603b\u7ed3\u65b0\u624b\u5fc5\u8e29\u7684\u5751\u4e0e\u4f18\u5316\u7b56\u7565，\u5e2e\u4f60\u771f\u6b63\u638c\u63e1\u8fd9\u4e00\u6838\u5fc3\u6280\u672f\u3002\u4e00\u3001System V \u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u5e95\u5c42\u5b9e\u73b0（\u4ece\u5185\u6838\u5230\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[6355,6354,55,58,43,44],"topic":[],"class_list":["post-60244","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-server","tag-system-v","tag-pipe","tag-c","tag-linux","tag-43","tag-44"],"yoast_head":"\nLinux\uff1a\u6df1\u5165\u5256\u6790 System V IPC\u4e0b\uff08\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u901a\u4fe1\u4e5d\uff09 - 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