{"id":59501,"date":"2026-01-13T23:25:17","date_gmt":"2026-01-13T15:25:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/59501.html"},"modified":"2026-01-13T23:25:17","modified_gmt":"2026-01-13T15:25:17","slug":"%e9%93%be%e8%a1%a8%e4%b8%8e%e5%ae%83%e5%9c%a8-linux-%e5%86%85%e6%a0%b8%e4%b8%ad%e7%9a%84%e5%ae%9e%e7%8e%b0","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/59501.html","title":{"rendered":"\u94fe\u8868\u4e0e\u5b83\u5728 Linux \u5185\u6838\u4e2d\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u5f15\u8a00<\/h2>\n

\u5728\u5b66\u4e60\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u65f6，\u94fe\u8868\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u94fe\u5f0f\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u5728\u5b66\u4e60\u4e66\u672c\u4e0a\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u65f6，\u6211\u4eec\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u662f\u8282\u70b9\u5305\u88f9\u7740\u6570\u636e\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f，\u8fd9\u6837\u5199\u903b\u8f91\u4e0a\u5f88\u76f4\u89c2\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5f53\u771f\u6b63\u67e5\u9605 Linux \u5185\u6838\u6e90\u7801，\u770b\u5230\u90a3\u4e2a\u53ea\u6709\u6307\u9488，\u4e0d\u5305\u542b\u4efb\u4f55\u6570\u636e\u7684list_head\u65f6，\u624d\u53d1\u73b0\u6211\u4eec\u4ece\u4e66\u672c\u4e0a\u5b66\u7684\u94fe\u8868\u548c\u771f\u6b63\u6295\u5165\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u94fe\u8868\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u8fd8\u662f\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u5dee\u8ddd\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u90a3\u4e48\u5185\u6838\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6ca1\u6709\u4f7f\u7528\u6211\u4eec\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u90a3\u79cd\u94fe\u8868\u7ed3\u6784，\u800c\u91c7\u7528\u4e86\u8fd9\u79cd \u201c\u4fb5\u5165\u5f0f\u201d \u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5462？\u53c8\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u4e0d\u5206\u914d\u989d\u5916\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b，\u7528\u4e00\u5957\u4ee3\u7801\u7ba1\u7406\u6210\u5343\u4e0a\u4e07\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6570\u636e？\u60f3\u8981\u56de\u7b54\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898，\u6211\u4eec\u9996\u5148\u8981\u5b66\u597d\u4e66\u672c\u4e0a\u7684\u94fe\u8868\u7ed3\u6784，\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u5207\u7684\u57fa\u7840，\u8fd8\u8981\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e Linux \u5185\u6838\u6e90\u7801\u878d\u5408\u8d77\u6765\u5b66\u4e60，\u8fd9\u6837\u624d\u80fd\u7406\u89e3\u4e66\u672c\u4e0a\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u4e2d\u662f\u600e\u4e48\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u662f\u6211\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u7b14\u8bb0，\u6211\u4e0d\u6253\u7b97\u5806\u653e\u4e00\u5927\u5806\u67af\u71e5\u7684\u6982\u5ff5，\u4f46\u4f1a\u5199\u7684\u5c3d\u91cf\u6613\u61c2\u4e00\u70b9，\u4e00\u4e9b\u57fa\u7840\u5185\u5bb9\u8fd8\u662f\u4f1a\u7b80\u5355\u63d0\u4e00\u4e0b\u3002\u6211\u4f1a\u4ece\u6700\u57fa\u7840\u7684\u94fe\u8868\u7684 C \u8bed\u8a00\u5b9e\u73b0，\u4e00\u6b65\u6b65\u8fc7\u6e21\u5230\u5185\u6838\u7684\u94fe\u8868\u8bbe\u8ba1，\u540c\u65f6\u4f1a\u5199\u4e00\u4e9b\u6211\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7406\u89e3，\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u6307\u9488\u64cd\u4f5c\u90a3\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n

1. \u94fe\u8868\u7b80\u5355\u4ecb\u7ecd<\/h2>\n

\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b66\u4e60\u94fe\u8868\u4e4b\u524d，\u6211\u4eec\u5148\u56de\u987e\u4e00\u4e0b\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u77e5\u8bc6，\u8fd9\u91cc\u6211\u4e0d\u662f\u7528\u6559\u79d1\u4e66\u4e0a\u7684\u67af\u71e5\u5b9a\u4e49，\u800c\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u901a\u4fd7\u6613\u61c2\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e00\u4e0b\u3002<\/p>\n

1.1 \u94fe\u8868\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u610f\u4e49<\/h3>\n

\u5728 C \u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d，\u6570\u7ec4\u662f\u6700\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784，\u4f46\u4ed6\u6709\u4e2a\u81f4\u547d\u7684\u5f31\u70b9：\u592a\u6b7b\u677f\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u5360\u636e\u4e00\u5757\u8fde\u7eed\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4，\u597d\u5904\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u76f8\u5e94\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u5c31\u80fd\u8f7b\u800c\u6613\u4e3e\u7684\u627e\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f46\u7f3a\u70b9\u5c31\u5f88\u591a\u4e86，\u7b2c\u4e00，\u6570\u7ec4\u5728\u5b9a\u4e49\u65f6\u5c31\u5fc5\u987b\u8981\u786e\u5b9a\u5b83\u7684\u5927\u5c0f，\u4f46\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u52a8\u6001\u53d8\u5316\u7684，\u56e0\u6b64，\u8981\u786e\u5b9a\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u5176\u5b9e\u662f\u4e00\u4ef6\u5e76\u4e0d\u5bb9\u6613\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5，\u592a\u5927\u4e86\u6d6a\u8d39\u7a7a\u95f4，\u592a\u5c0f\u4e86\u5b58\u6ee1\u53c8\u662f\u4e00\u4ef6\u9ebb\u70e6\u4e8b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c，\u5982\u679c\u524d\u9762\u5df2\u7ecf\u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u5b58\u653e\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u5143\u7d20，\u73b0\u5728\u9700\u8981\u5728\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b58\u653e\u597d\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u4e2d\u95f4\u7684\u67d0\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u63d2\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u5143\u7d20，\u6211\u4eec\u5148\u8981\u628a\u8981\u63d2\u5165\u65b0\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u540e\u9762\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u6328\u4e2a\u5f80\u540e\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d，\u7136\u540e\u624d\u80fd\u628a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u653e\u8fdb\u53bb\u3002\u8981\u5220\u9664\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20，\u540c\u6837，\u5220\u9664\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u540e，\u540e\u9762\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u90fd\u8981\u5f80\u524d\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u64cd\u4f5c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u662f\u76f8\u5f53\u9ebb\u70e6\u7684，\u5e76\u4e14\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u6548\u7387\u4e5f\u5f88\u4f4e，\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5f88\u9ad8\u3002<\/p>\n

\u800c\u94fe\u8868\u6b63\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u800c\u8bde\u751f\u7684，\u5b83\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u662f\u5206\u6563\u5f00\u5b58\u50a8\u7684，\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u4e2d\u90fd\u5b58\u653e\u7740\u524d\u540e\u4e24\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5982\u679c\u8981\u589e\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u8282\u70b9，\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u6539\u53d8\u524d\u540e\u4e24\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u4e2d\u5b58\u653e\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4fe1\u606f\u5c31\u884c\u4e86\u3002\u800c\u4e14\u5b83\u662f\u52a8\u6001\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u7684，\u7528\u591a\u5c11\u5c31\u7533\u8bf7\u591a\u5c11，\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\u540e\u987a\u4fbf\u91ca\u653e\u5185\u5b58，\u8fd9\u6837\u4e0d\u4f1a\u9020\u6210\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u6d6a\u8d39\u3002<\/p>\n

1.2 \u94fe\u8868\u7684\u5bb9\u5668\u5f0f\u8bbe\u8ba1<\/h3>\n

\u5728\u6559\u79d1\u4e66\u4e2d，\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u770b\u5230\u7684\u662f\u5bb9\u5668\u5f0f\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u601d\u8def\u3002\u7b80\u5355\u6765\u8bf4，\u5c31\u662f\u8282\u70b9\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u628a\u6570\u636e\u5305\u88f9\u5728\u91cc\u9762\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50，\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u7ba1\u7406\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b66\u751f\u4fe1\u606f\u7cfb\u7edf，\u5305\u542b ID \u548c\u59d3\u540d，\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u8fd9\u6837\u5b9a\u4e49\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53：<\/p>\n

typedef<\/span> struct<\/span> StudentNode<\/span> {<\/span>
\n \/\/\u6570\u636e\u57df，\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u6570\u636e<\/span>
\n int<\/span> id;<\/span>
\n char<\/span> name[<\/span>32<\/span>]<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

\/\/\u6307\u9488\u57df，\u7528\u6765\u8fde\u63a5\u5404\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9<\/span>
\n struct<\/span> StudentNode<\/span> *<\/span>prev;<\/span> \/\/ \u6307\u5411\u524d\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9<\/span>
\n struct<\/span> StudentNode<\/span> *<\/span>next;<\/span> \/\/ \u6307\u5411\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9<\/span>
\n}<\/span> StudentNode;<\/span><\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u6837\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u7b26\u5408\u76f4\u89c9\u7684，\u8282\u70b9\u5c31\u662f\u6570\u636e，\u6570\u636e\u5c31\u662f\u8282\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5b83\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u6a21\u578b\u56fe\u5982\u4e0b：
\n\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\"<\/p>\n

\u56fe\u4e2d\u6211\u53ea\u753b\u4e86\u56db\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9，\u5176\u4e2d Node A \u548c Node D \u5206\u522b\u662f\u5934\u7ed3\u70b9\u548c\u5c3e\u8282\u70b9，\u5934\u7ed3\u70b9\u7684 prev \u6307\u9488\u4e3a NULL ，\u5c3e\u8282\u70b9\u7684 next \u6307\u9488\u4e3a NULL，\u8fd9\u65f6\u7b26\u5408\u5e38\u8bc6\u7684，\u4ee3\u8868\u5934\u7ed3\u70b9\u7684\u524d\u9762\u548c\u5c3e\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u540e\u9762\u90fd\u6ca1\u6709\u8282\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5176\u4f59\u8282\u70b9\u4e2d，\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684prev\u6307\u9488\u90fd\u6307\u5411\u524d\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9，next\u6307\u9488\u90fd\u6307\u5411\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u3002\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e2d\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230，prev \u548c next \u6307\u9488\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u90fd\u662fstruct StudentNode *，\u8bf4\u660e\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u6307\u9488\u6307\u5411\u7684\u90fd\u662f\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n

\u56fe\u4e2d\u7684\u6298\u7ebf\u7bad\u5934\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u65b9\u4fbf\u7406\u89e3\u52a0\u4e0a\u53bb\u7684，\u5b9e\u9645\u4e2d，\u4e24\u4e2a\u903b\u8f91\u4e0a\u7684\u76f8\u90bb\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u76f8\u8ddd\u4e86\u5341\u4e07\u516b\u5343\u91cc，\u4e3e\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50：<\/p>\n

Node A: 0x00007FFF5FBFF820
\nNode B: 0x0000558A7C241E90
\nNode C: 0x00007FFF5FBFF340
\nNode D: 0x0000558A7C242150<\/p>\n

\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u67d0\u4e2a\u65f6\u523b，\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ed9\u8fd9\u56db\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u5206\u914d\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u7684，\u5982\u4e0a\u9762\u4ee3\u7801\u5757\u6240\u793a，\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5730\u5740\u662f\u6211\u968f\u610f\u7f16\u7684，\u4f46\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5206\u914d\u5730\u5740\u65f6\u4e5f\u662f\u65e0\u903b\u8f91\u53ef\u8a00\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u62ff Node A \u548cNode B\u6765\u770b，\u5b83\u4eec\u4e4b\u95f4\u53ef\u80fd\u76f8\u9694\u51e0 MB \u751a\u81f3\u51e0\u5341 MB \u7684\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4，\u4e2d\u95f4\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u5939\u6742\u4e86\u591a\u5c11\u522b\u7684\u53d8\u91cf，\u4f46\u8fd9\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u5f71\u54cd\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u6b63\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u94fe\u8868\u6839\u672c\u4e0d\u4f9d\u8d56\u5730\u5740\u8fde\u7eed，\u5b83\u53ea\u4f9d\u8d56\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u91cc\u4fdd\u5b58\u7684\u524d\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u5730\u5740\u548c\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u5730\u5740，\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5730\u5740\u518d\u53bb\u627e\u522b\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u5730\u5740\u4e0e\u6307\u9488\u6307\u5411\u7684\u5730\u5740\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u5982\u4e0b：<\/p>\n

Node A（\u5934\u7ed3\u70b9）
\n\u5730\u5740：0x00007FFF5FBFF820
\n prev =<\/span> NULL
\n next =<\/span> 0x0000558A7C241E90 \u6307\u5411 Node B \u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u5730\u5740<\/p>\n

Node B
\n\u5730\u5740：0x0000558A7C241E90
\n prev =<\/span> 0x00007FFF5FBFF820 \u6307\u56de Node A
\n next =<\/span> 0x00007FFF5FBFF340 \u6307\u5411 Node C \u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u5730\u5740<\/p>\n

Node C
\n\u5730\u5740：0x00007FFF5FBFF340
\n prev =<\/span> 0x0000558A7C241E90
\n next =<\/span> 0x0000558A7C242150<\/p>\n

Node D（\u5c3e\u7ed3\u70b9）
\n\u5730\u5740：0x0000558A7C242150
\n prev =<\/span> 0x00007FFF5FBFF340
\n next =<\/span> NULL<\/p>\n

\u5230\u8fd9\u91cc，\u76f8\u4fe1\u5927\u5bb6\u5e94\u8be5\u90fd\u80fd\u660e\u767d\u5728\u94fe\u8868\u4e2d，\u5404\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u524d\u9a71\u548c\u540e\u7ee7\u6307\u9488\u4e0e\u8282\u70b9\u5730\u5740\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

1.3 \u6570\u7ec4\u4e0e\u94fe\u8868\u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n

\u7ecf\u8fc7\u4e0a\u9762\u5206\u6790，\u6211\u4eec\u77e5\u9053\u4e86，\u6570\u7ec4\u662f\u4f9d\u9760\u4f4d\u7f6e\u8fde\u7eed\u548c\u504f\u79fb\u91cf\u8ba1\u7b97\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u5feb\u901f\u5b9a\u4f4d\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u3002\u800c\u94fe\u8868\u9760\u7684\u662f\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u8bb0\u4f4f\u81ea\u5df1\u76f8\u90bb\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5730\u5740\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u8282\u70b9\u4e32\u8054\u8d77\u6765\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6240\u4ee5\u5373\u4f7f Node A \u548c Node B \u7684\u5730\u5740\u5dee\u4e86\u5341\u4e07\u516b\u5343\u91cc，\u53ea\u8981\u5b83\u4eec\u4e92\u76f8\u6307\u7740\u5bf9\u65b9，\u903b\u8f91\u4e0a\u5b83\u4eec\u5c31\u662f\u76f8\u90bb\u7684\u8282\u70b9，\u904d\u5386\u3001\u63d2\u5165\u3001\u5220\u9664\u65f6\u90fd\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u6b63\u662f\u94fe\u8868\u6700\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u7684\u601d\u60f3，\u4e5f\u662f\u5b83\u80fd\u505a\u5230\u4efb\u610f\u4f4d\u7f6e\u9ad8\u6548\u589e\u5220\u7684\u6839\u672c\u539f\u56e0，\u5f53\u7136，\u4ee3\u4ef7\u5c31\u662f\u968f\u673a\u8bbf\u95ee\u53d8\u5f97\u975e\u5e38\u6162，\u5fc5\u987b\u4ece\u5934\u8282\u70b9\u6216\u8005\u5c3e\u8282\u70b9\u5f00\u59cb\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e00\u4e2a\u987a\u7740\u6307\u9488\u8d70\u8fc7\u53bb\u624d\u80fd\u627e\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u4f4d\u7f6e，\u8fd9\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bfe\u672c\u4e0a\u53cd\u590d\u5f3a\u8c03\u8fc7\u7684\u2014\u2014\u94fe\u8868\u64c5\u957f\u63d2\u5165\u5220\u9664，\u4e0d\u64c5\u957f\u968f\u673a\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002<\/p>\n

2. \u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u7684 C \u8bed\u8a00\u5b9e\u73b0<\/h2>\n

\u5728\u5b66\u4e60\u5185\u6838\u4e2d\u7684\u94fe\u8868\u4e4b\u524d，\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5148\u56de\u5230\u7528\u6237\u6001，\u7528\u6807\u51c6 C \u8bed\u8a00\u5199\u4e00\u4e2a\u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u3002\u5176\u4e00，\u80fd\u590d\u4e60\u4e00\u4e0b\u94fe\u8868\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6，\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u63a5\u89e6\u8fc7\u94fe\u8868\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5148\u5b66\u4e60\u4e00\u4e0b\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u5e38\u89c4\u5b9e\u73b0，\u5176\u4e8c，\u8fd9\u8fd8\u80fd\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u6e05\u695a\u5f53\u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u6838\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u65f6，\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u600e\u6837\u7ba1\u7406\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n

2.1 \u521b\u5efa\u8282\u70b9<\/h3>\n

\u94fe\u8868\u548c\u6570\u7ec4\u6700\u5927\u7684\u533a\u522b\u5728\u4e8e\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u5206\u914d\u3002\u6570\u7ec4\u662f\u9759\u6001\u7684，\u5728\u5b9a\u4e49\u65f6\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u5206\u914d\u56fa\u5b9a\u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u5185\u5b58，\u800c\u94fe\u8868\u8282\u70b9\u662f\u7528\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u624d\u5411\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7533\u8bf7\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8be5\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b：<\/p>\n

StudentNode *<\/span>create_node<\/span>(<\/span>int<\/span> id,<\/span> const<\/span> char<\/span> *<\/span>name)<\/span>
\n{<\/span>
\nStudentNode *<\/span>new_node =<\/span> (<\/span>StudentNode *<\/span>)<\/span>malloc<\/span>(<\/span>sizeof<\/span>(<\/span>StudentNode)<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>\/\/\u4e3a\u8981\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u65b0\u8282\u70b9\u7533\u8bf7\u5185\u5b58<\/span>
\nif<\/span>(<\/span>new_node ==<\/span> NULL<\/span>)<\/span>
\n{<\/span>
\nprintf<\/span>(<\/span>"\u5185\u5b58\u5206\u914d\u5931\u8d25\\\\n"<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\nreturn<\/span> NULL<\/span>;<\/span>
\n}<\/span><\/p>\n

\/\/\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u5206\u914d\u5185\u5b58\u540e\u518d\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u636e\u57df，\u5426\u5219\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u6bb5\u9519\u8bef<\/span>
\nnew_node-><\/span>id =<\/span> id;<\/span>
\nstrcpy<\/span>(<\/span>new_node-><\/span>name,<\/span>name)<\/span>;<\/span>\/\/\u4f7f\u7528strcpy\u6765\u62f7\u8d1d\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32<\/span><\/p>\n

\/\/\u8fd9\u662f\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u8282\u70b9，\u4ed6\u7684\u524d\u9a71\u548c\u540e\u7ee7\u6307\u9488\u90fd\u4e3aNULL<\/span>
\nnew_node-><\/span>prev =<\/span> NULL<\/span>;<\/span>
\nnew_node-><\/span>next =<\/span> NULL<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

return<\/span> new_node;<\/span>\/\/\u8fd4\u56de\u6307\u5411\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b0\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u6307\u9488<\/span>
\n}<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5148\u6765\u770b\u770b\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7528\u6765\u521b\u5efa\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u600e\u4e48\u4f7f\u7528，\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u4f20\u5165\u4e24\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570，\u5206\u522b\u662f\u5b66\u751f id \u548c\u5b66\u751f\u59d3\u540d，\u7136\u540e\u5b83\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2aStudentNode *\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u503c，\u8fd9\u4e2a\u503c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6307\u9488，\u5b83\u6307\u5411\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u65b0\u8282\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n

\u518d\u6765\u770b\u770b\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n

\u51fd\u6570\u5728\u6267\u884c\u65f6，\u9996\u5148\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b0\u8282\u70b9\u5206\u914d\u5185\u5b58，\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u662f\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2aStudentNode *new_node，\u800c\u4e0d\u7ed9\u5b83\u5206\u914d\u5185\u5b58，\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019 new_node \u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u91ce\u6307\u9488，\u5b83\u7684\u503c\u662f\u672a\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684，\u6839\u672c\u6ca1\u6709\u6307\u5411\u4efb\u4f55\u5408\u6cd5\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u533a\u57df\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u65f6\u50cf\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5757\u4e2d\u64cd\u4f5cid\u548cname\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u6210\u5458，\u7a0b\u5e8f\u51e0\u4e4e\u767e\u5206\u4e4b\u767e\u4f1a\u5d29\u6e83，\u53d1\u751f\u6bb5\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u6b63\u5728\u8bd5\u56fe\u5f80\u4e00\u4e2a\u6839\u672c\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7684，\u6216\u8005\u6ca1\u6709\u6743\u9650\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740\u91cc\u5199\u4e1c\u897f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u518d\u6765\u770bmalloc\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u539f\u578b：<\/p>\n

void<\/span> *<\/span>malloc<\/span>(<\/span>size_t<\/span> size)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u4f20\u5165\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u7c7b\u578b\u662fsize_t，\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5355\u4f4d\u4e3a\u5b57\u8282\u7684\u503c，\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u7533\u8bf7 8 \u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u7684\u5185\u5b58，\u90a3\u5c31\u4f20\u5165 8\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5b83\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u662fvoid *\u7c7b\u578b，\u5728\u73b0\u4ee3 C \u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d，void * \u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u52a8\u9690\u5f0f\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u4efb\u4f55\u6307\u9488\u7c7b\u578b，\u6240\u4ee5\u901a\u5e38\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u8d4b\u503c\u7ed9 StudentNode *\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u53d8\u91cf ，\u4e0d\u8fc7\u5f88\u591a\u6559\u6750\u548c\u8001\u4ee3\u7801\u91cc\u4ecd\u7136\u4f1a\u5199\u4e0a StudentNode * \u663e\u5f0f\u8f6c\u6362，\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u5199\u6cd5\u5728 C \u8bed\u8a00\u91cc\u90fd\u662f\u5408\u6cd5\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7136\u540e，\u5728\u7533\u8bf7\u5185\u5b58\u4e4b\u540e，\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u68c0\u67e5\u4e00\u4e0b\u5185\u5b58\u662f\u5426\u5206\u914d\u6210\u529f，\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u5206\u914d\u6210\u529f，\u8fd8\u8981\u53bb\u64cd\u4f5c\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u6210\u5458，\u90a3\u4e00\u6837\u4f1a\u89e6\u53d1\u6bb5\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4e86\u5185\u5b58\u5206\u914d\u6210\u529f\u4e4b\u540e，\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u524d\u9762\u901a\u8fc7\u51fd\u6570\u4f20\u53c2\u5f97\u5230\u7684id\u548cname\u8d4b\u503c\u7ed9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u7684\u5bf9\u5e94\u6210\u5458\u3002id\u76f4\u63a5\u8fdb\u884c\u8d4b\u503c\u5c31\u884c\u4e86，\u6ca1\u4ec0\u4e48\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u3002\u4f46\u662fname\u7684\u503c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32，\u6211\u4eec\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u91cc\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fa\u5b9a\u957f\u5ea6\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u6570\u7ec4 char name[32]，\u56e0\u6b64，\u50cf\u4e0b\u9762\u8fd9\u6837\u5199\u662f\u9519\u8bef\u7684：<\/p>\n

new_node-><\/span>name =<\/span> name;<\/span><\/p>\n

\u6211\u4eec\u4ed4\u7ec6\u6765\u5206\u6790\u4e00\u4e0b\u8fd9\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u9519\u7684，\u7b49\u53f7\u5de6\u8fb9 new_node->name \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\u7c7b\u578b\u5373char[32]，\u7b49\u53f7\u53f3\u8fb9 name \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a const char *\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u503c\u3002\u6570\u7ec4\u7c7b\u578b\u662f\u4e0d\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u8d4b\u503c\u7684，C \u8bed\u8a00\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u628a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\u6574\u4f53\u8d4b\u503c\u7ed9\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4，\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u628a\u6307\u9488\u8d4b\u503c\u7ed9\u6570\u7ec4，\u56e0\u4e3a\u7c7b\u578b\u662f\u4e0d\u5339\u914d\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u56e0\u6b64，\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u62f7\u8d1d\u51fd\u6570，\u628a\u5185\u5bb9\u4e00\u4efd\u4e00\u4efd\u590d\u5236\u8fc7\u6765，\u8fd9\u6837\u8282\u70b9\u5c31\u62e5\u6709\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u526f\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u518d\u770b\u540e\u9762\u7684\u4ee3\u7801，\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b0\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u524d\u9a71\u6307\u9488\u548c\u540e\u7ee7\u6307\u9488\u90fd\u8bbe\u4e3a NULL ，\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u91cc\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u662f\u5148\u628a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u521b\u5efa\u51fa\u6765，\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u6307\u9488\u64cd\u4f5c\u8981\u5728\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u63d2\u5165\u5230\u94fe\u8868\u91cc\u9762\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6700\u540e，\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b0\u8282\u70b9\u8fd4\u56de\u51fa\u53bb\u3002<\/p>\n

2.2 \u4ece\u5934\u90e8\u63d2\u5165<\/h3>\n

\u8fd9\u662f\u6784\u5efa\u94fe\u8868\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f，\u65b0\u6765\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u603b\u662f\u5728\u6700\u524d\u9762\u3002\u4ee3\u7801\u5b9e\u73b0\u5982\u4e0b：<\/p>\n

\/\/\u5728\u94fe\u8868\u5934\u90e8\u63d2\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u8282\u70b9<\/span>
\nvoid<\/span> insert_at_head<\/span>(<\/span>StudentNode *<\/span>*<\/span>head_ptr,<\/span>StudentNode *<\/span>new_node)<\/span>\/\/\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u662f\u6307\u5411\u5934\u6307\u9488\u7684\u6307\u9488，\u662f\u4e2a\u4e8c\u91cd\u6307\u9488<\/span>
\n{<\/span>
\n\/\/\u5982\u679c\u94fe\u8868\u4e3a\u7a7a<\/span>
\nif<\/span>(<\/span>*<\/span>head_ptr ==<\/span> NULL<\/span>)<\/span>
\n{<\/span>
\n*<\/span>head_ptr =<\/span> new_node;<\/span>
\nreturn<\/span>;<\/span>
\n}<\/span><\/p>\n

\/\/\u5982\u679c\u94fe\u8868\u4e0d\u4e3a\u7a7a<\/span>
\nnew_node-><\/span>next =<\/span> *<\/span>head_ptr;<\/span><\/p>\n

(<\/span>*<\/span>head_ptr)<\/span>-><\/span>prev =<\/span> new_node;<\/span><\/p>\n

*<\/span>head_ptr =<\/span> new_node;<\/span>\/\/\u66f4\u65b0\u5934\u6307\u9488，\u8ba9\u4ed6\u6307\u5411\u65b0\u7684\u5934\u8282\u70b9<\/span>
\n}<\/span><\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u6211\u4eec\u628a\u5b83\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u8bbe\u4e3a\u7a7a，\u5982\u679c\u60f3\u63d2\u5165\u540e\u68c0\u6d4b\u662f\u5426\u6210\u529f，\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3aint\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u4e5f\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7531\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec\u8fd9\u91cc\u662f\u5934\u63d2\u6cd5，\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u63d2\u5165\u4e4b\u540e\u5934\u7ed3\u70b9\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u5316，\u539f\u6765\u7684\u5934\u7ed3\u70b9\u4f1a\u53d8\u6210\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9，\u800c\u65b0\u63d2\u5165\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u4f1a\u53d8\u6210\u65b0\u7684\u5934\u8282\u70b9，\u56e0\u6b64，\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u6539\u53d8\u5934\u7ed3\u70b9\u6307\u9488\u7684\u6307\u5411，\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6211\u4eec\u4f20\u5165\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u662f\u6307\u5411\u5934\u7ed3\u70b9\u6307\u9488\u7684\u6307\u9488，\u662f\u4e2a\u4e8c\u91cd\u6307\u9488，\u8fd9\u6837\u80fd\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6211\u4eec\u4fee\u6539\u7684\u786e\u5b9e\u662f\u5934\u7ed3\u70b9\u6307\u9488\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u6307\u5411\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u91cc\u628a\u5934\u8282\u70b9\u6307\u9488\u4f20\u8fdb\u6765，\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u7ea7\u6307\u9488，\u5bf9\u4ed6\u8fdb\u884c\u4fee\u6539\u65f6\u4fee\u6539\u7684\u53ea\u662f\u5934\u7ed3\u70b9\u6307\u9488\u7684\u590d\u5370\u4ef6，\u800c\u5934\u7ed3\u70b9\u6307\u9488\u7684\u771f\u8eab\u8fd8\u662f\u539f\u6765\u7684\u6837\u5b50，\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u6539\u53d8，\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u5934\u7ed3\u70b9\u6307\u9488\u8fd8\u662f\u6307\u5411\u539f\u6765\u7684\u5934\u7ed3\u70b9，\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u73b0\u5728\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u4f20\u5165\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u662f\u4e00\u4e2aStudentNode *\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u53d8\u91cf，\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u4e0a\u9762\u65b0\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u8282\u70b9，\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u628a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b0\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u63d2\u5165\u5230\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u6700\u524d\u9762\u3002<\/p>\n

\u518d\u6765\u770b\u51fd\u6570\u5185\u90e8，\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u63d2\u5165\u4e4b\u524d\u9996\u5148\u8981\u5224\u65ad\u8fd9\u4e2a\u94fe\u8868\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a，\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u770b\u770b\u8fd9\u4e2a\u94fe\u8868\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u90fd\u6ca1\u6709，\u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u94fe\u8868\u4e3a\u7a7a，\u90a3\u4e48\u6211\u4eec\u5373\u5c06\u63d2\u5165\u7684\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b0\u8282\u70b9\u5c31\u662f\u94fe\u8868\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9，\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5934\u8282\u70b9，\u6211\u4eec\u76f4\u63a5\u8ba9\u5934\u7ed3\u70b9\u6307\u9488\u6307\u5411\u5b83\u5c31\u884c\u4e86\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u8981\u6ce8\u610f，\u6211\u4eec\u4f20\u8fdb\u6765\u7684\u662f\u6307\u5411\u5934\u8282\u70b9\u6307\u9488\u7684\u6307\u9488，\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u4e8c\u7ea7\u6307\u9488，\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u6539\u53d8\u5934\u8282\u70b9\u6307\u9488\u7684\u6307\u5411\u5c31\u8981\u5148\u5bf9\u5b83\u8fdb\u884c\u89e3\u5f15\u7528\u3002\u6539\u53d8\u5934\u8282\u70b9\u6307\u9488\u7684\u6307\u5411\u4e4b\u540e\u5c31\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e5f\u4e0d\u7528\u505a\u4e86，\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u662f\u94fe\u8868\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9，\u5b83\u65e2\u6ca1\u6709\u524d\u9a71\u7ed3\u70b9，\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u540e\u7ee7\u8282\u70b9，\u6240\u4ee5\u5b83\u7684prev\u548cnext\u6307\u9488\u4e3aNULL\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5982\u679c\u94fe\u8868\u4e0d\u4e3a\u7a7a\u7684\u8bdd，\u7531\u4e8e\u662f\u5934\u63d2\u6cd5，\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u63d2\u5165\u7684\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b0\u8282\u70b9\u5b83\u6ca1\u6709\u524d\u9a71\u8282\u70b9，\u4f46\u662f\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u540e\u7ee7\u8282\u70b9，\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u539f\u5148\u7684\u5934\u8282\u70b9\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u9996\u5148\u8981\u505a\u7684\u662f\u8ba9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b0\u8282\u70b9\u7684next\u6307\u9488\u6307\u5411\u539f\u5148\u7684\u5934\u7ed3\u70b9，\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u662fnew_node->next = *head_ptr，\u7ffb\u8bd1\u8fc7\u6765\u5c31\u662f\u8ba9\u65b0\u8282\u70b9\u7684next\u6307\u9488\u6307\u5411\u539f\u5148\u5934\u8282\u70b9\u6307\u9488\u6307\u5411\u7684\u8282\u70b9，\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u539f\u5148\u7684\u5934\u8282\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6211\u4eec\u77e5\u9053，\u539f\u5148\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u5934\u8282\u70b9，\u5b83\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u524d\u9a71\u8282\u70b9\u7684，\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u5b83\u7684prev\u6307\u9488\u4e3aNULL，\u4f46\u662f\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b0\u8282\u70b9\u63d2\u5165\u4e4b\u540e，\u4ed6\u5c31\u6709\u524d\u9a71\u7ed3\u70b9\u4e86，\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u4eec\u5f97\u8ba9\u5b83\u7684prev\u6307\u9488\u6307\u5411\u6211\u4eec\u65b0\u63d2\u5165\u7684\u8282\u70b9，\u4ee3\u7801\u5b9e\u73b0\u662f(*head_ptr)->prev = new_node\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6700\u540e\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u65b0\u5934\u8282\u70b9\u6307\u9488\u7684\u6307\u5411，\u8ba9\u5b83\u6307\u5411\u6211\u4eec\u65b0\u63d2\u5165\u7684\u8282\u70b9，\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u65b0\u7684\u5934\u8282\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n

2.3 \u4ece\u5c3e\u90e8\u63d2\u5165<\/h3>\n

\u6709\u65f6\u5019\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u4fdd\u6301\u6570\u636e\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u7684\u5148\u6765\u540e\u5230，\u8fd9\u65f6\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u5c3e\u90e8\u63d2\u5165，\u5373\u540e\u63d2\u5165\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u5728\u6700\u540e\u9762\u3002<\/p>\n

void<\/span> insert_at_tail<\/span>(<\/span>StudentNode *<\/span>*<\/span>head_ptr,<\/span>StudentNode *<\/span>new_node)<\/span>
\n{<\/span>
\n\/\/\u5982\u679c\u94fe\u8868\u4e3a\u7a7a<\/span>
\nif<\/span>(<\/span>*<\/span>head_ptr ==<\/span> NULL<\/span>)<\/span>
\n{<\/span>
\n*<\/span>head_ptr =<\/span> new_node;<\/span>
\nreturn<\/span>;<\/span>
\n}<\/span><\/p>\n

\/\/\u5982\u679c\u94fe\u8868\u4e0d\u4e3a\u7a7a<\/span>
\nStudentNode *<\/span>current =<\/span> *<\/span>head_ptr;<\/span><\/p>\n

while<\/span>(<\/span>current-><\/span>next !=<\/span> NULL<\/span>)<\/span>\/\/\u5148\u904d\u5386\u627e\u5230\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9<\/span>
\n{<\/span>
\ncurrent =<\/span> current-><\/span>next;<\/span>
\n}<\/span><\/p>\n

current-><\/span>next =<\/span> new_node;<\/span>
\nnew_node-><\/span>prev =<\/span> current;<\/span>
\nnew_node-><\/span>next =<\/span> NULL<\/span>;<\/span>
\n}<\/span><\/p>\n

\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u548c\u53c2\u6570\u4e0e\u524d\u9762\u662f\u76f8\u540c\u7684，\u5c31\u4e0d\u518d\u591a\u8bb2\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

\u76f4\u63a5\u770b\u51fd\u6570\u5185\u90e8，\u5982\u679c\u94fe\u8868\u4e3a\u7a7a，\u6211\u4eec\u4f9d\u7136\u8ba9\u5934\u8282\u70b9\u6307\u9488\u6307\u5411\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b0\u63d2\u5165\u7684\u8282\u70b9，\u548c\u524d\u9762\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5982\u679c\u94fe\u8868\u4e0d\u4e3a\u7a7a，\u8fd9\u91cc\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5148\u904d\u5386\u627e\u5230\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9，\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u63d2\u5165\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u9996\u5148\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2aStudentNode *\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u53d8\u91cfcurrent，\u8ba9\u5b83\u6307\u5411\u5934\u8282\u70b9\u3002\u7136\u540e\u5229\u7528while\u5faa\u73af\u8fdb\u884c\u904d\u5386，\u53ea\u8981current\u6240\u6307\u5411\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u7684next\u6307\u9488\u4e0d\u4e3aNULL，\u90a3\u4e48\u5c31\u8ba9current\u6307\u5411\u8be5\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9，\u4e00\u76f4\u5faa\u73af，\u76f4\u5230current\u6307\u9488\u6307\u5411\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9，\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5c3e\u8282\u70b9，\u6211\u4eec\u77e5\u9053，\u5c3e\u8282\u70b9\u7684next\u6307\u9488\u4e3aNULL，\u56e0\u6b64，\u5230\u8fd9\u91cc\u5c31\u4f1a\u8df3\u51fawhile\u5faa\u73af，\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u5c31\u627e\u5230\u4e86\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n

\u627e\u5230\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u4e4b\u540e，\u6211\u4eec\u4e0b\u9762\u5c31\u8981\u628a\u65b0\u8282\u70b9\u63d2\u5165\u8fdb\u53bb\u4e86\u3002\u5f53\u524d，current\u6307\u9488\u662f\u6307\u5411\u539f\u672c\u7684\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u7684，\u6211\u4eec\u65b0\u63d2\u5165\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u8981\u653e\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u540e\u9762，\u56e0\u6b64\u8981\u628a\u539f\u672c\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u7684next\u6307\u9488\u6307\u5411\u65b0\u8282\u70b9new_node，\u518d\u8ba9new_node\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u5c3e\u8282\u70b9\u7684prev\u6307\u9488\u6307\u5411\u5b83\u7684\u524d\u9a71\u8282\u70b9，\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u539f\u6765\u7684\u5c3e\u8282\u70b9，\u5373current\u6307\u5411\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u3002\u6700\u540e，new_node\u4f5c\u4e3a\u65b0\u7684\u5c3e\u8282\u70b9，\u628a\u4ed6\u7684next\u6307\u9488\u8bbe\u4e3aNULL\u5c31\u597d\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

2.4 \u67e5\u627e\u8282\u70b9<\/h3>\n

\u67e5\u627e\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u6b21\u904d\u5386，\u8fd9\u91cc\u6211\u4eec\u4ece\u5934\u8282\u70b9\u5f00\u59cb\u904d\u5386\u3002<\/p>\n

StudentNode *<\/span>find_node<\/span>(<\/span>StudentNode *<\/span>head,<\/span>int<\/span> id)<\/span>
\n{<\/span>
\nStudentNode *<\/span>current =<\/span> head;<\/span>
\nwhile<\/span>(<\/span>current !=<\/span> NULL<\/span>)<\/span>
\n{<\/span>
\nif<\/span>(<\/span>current-><\/span>id ==<\/span> id)<\/span>
\n{<\/span>
\nreturn<\/span> current;<\/span>
\n}<\/span>
\ncurrent =<\/span> current-><\/span>next;<\/span>
\n}<\/span>
\nreturn<\/span> NULL<\/span>;<\/span>
\n}<\/span><\/p>\n

\u67e5\u627e\u67d0\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u65f6，\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u4f20\u5165\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u5934\u7ed3\u70b9\u6307\u9488\u548c\u8981\u67e5\u627e\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u7684 id \u6210\u5458\u3002\u51fd\u6570\u6267\u884c\u5b8c\u540e\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de\u6307\u5411\u8be5\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u6307\u9488\u3002<\/p>\n

\u51fd\u6570\u5185\u90e8，\u6211\u4eec\u9996\u5148\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2acurrent\u6307\u9488\u5e76\u8ba9\u5b83\u6307\u5411\u5934\u8282\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7136\u540e\u6267\u884cwhile\u5faa\u73af，\u5f53current\u6307\u9488\u6307\u5411\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u4e0d\u4e3aNULL\u65f6，\u8fdb\u884cif\u5224\u65ad，\u770b\u770b\u8be5\u8282\u70b9\u7684id\u6210\u5458\u548c\u901a\u8fc7\u53c2\u6570\u4f20\u9012\u8fdb\u6765\u7684id\u662f\u5426\u76f8\u540c，\u5982\u679c\u76f8\u540c，\u90a3\u5c31\u8fd4\u56de\u8be5\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u6307\u9488，\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u76f8\u540c，\u90a3\u5c31\u8ba9current\u6307\u5411\u8be5\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5982\u679c\u904d\u5386\u5b8c\u6574\u4e2a\u94fe\u8868\u90fd\u6ca1\u6709\u627e\u5230，\u90a3\u5c31\u8fd4\u56deNULL，\u8868\u793a\u8981\u67e5\u627e\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u3002<\/p>\n

2.5 \u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9<\/h3>\n

\u5220\u9664\u662f\u94fe\u8868\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e2d\u6700\u5bb9\u6613\u51fa\u9519\u7684\u5730\u65b9，\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u8282\u70b9\u524d\u540e\u6307\u9488\u7684\u65ad\u5f00\u4e0e\u91cd\u8fde，\u5fc5\u987b\u5904\u7406\u597d\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u8fb9\u754c\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/p>\n

\/\/\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9<\/span>
\nvoid<\/span> delete_node<\/span>(<\/span>StudentNode *<\/span>*<\/span>head_ptr,<\/span>int<\/span> id)<\/span>
\n{<\/span>
\nStudentNode *<\/span>node_to_delete =<\/span> find_node<\/span>(<\/span>*<\/span>head_ptr,<\/span>id)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

if<\/span>(<\/span>node_to_delete ==<\/span> NULL<\/span>)<\/span>\/\/\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u627e\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u5c31\u8fd4\u56de<\/span>
\n{<\/span>
\nprintf<\/span>(<\/span>"\u4f60\u5e0c\u671b\u5220\u9664\u7684\u8282\u70b9(id = %d)\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\\\\n"<\/span>,<\/span>id)<\/span>;<\/span>
\nreturn<\/span>;<\/span>
\n}<\/span><\/p>\n

\/\/\u5982\u679c\u8981\u5220\u9664\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u662f\u5934\u8282\u70b9<\/span>
\nif<\/span>(<\/span>*<\/span>head_ptr ==<\/span> node_to_delete)<\/span>
\n{<\/span>
\n*<\/span>head_ptr =<\/span> node_to_delete-><\/span>next;<\/span>\/\/\u628a\u5934\u8282\u70b9\u6307\u9488\u79fb\u5230\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9<\/span>
\n}<\/span><\/p>\n

if<\/span>(<\/span>node_to_delete-><\/span>prev !=<\/span> NULL<\/span>)<\/span>\/\/\u5982\u679c\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u524d\u9a71\u6307\u9488\u4e0d\u4e3a\u7a7a<\/span>
\n{<\/span>
\nnode_to_delete-><\/span>prev-><\/span>next =<\/span> node_to_delete-><\/span>next;<\/span>
\n}<\/span><\/p>\n

if<\/span>(<\/span>node_to_delete-><\/span>next !=<\/span> NULL<\/span>)<\/span>\/\/\u5982\u679c\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u540e\u7ee7\u6307\u9488\u4e0d\u4e3a\u7a7a<\/span>
\n{<\/span>
\nnode_to_delete-><\/span>next-><\/span>prev =<\/span> node_to_delete-><\/span>prev;<\/span>
\n}<\/span><\/p>\n

printf<\/span>(<\/span>"\u6210\u529f\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9 [ID:%d, Name:%s],\u5e76\u91ca\u653e\u5185\u5b58\\\\n"<\/span>,<\/span>node_to_delete-><\/span>id,<\/span>node_to_delete-><\/span>name)<\/span>;<\/span>
\nfree<\/span>(<\/span>node_to_delete)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n}<\/span><\/p>\n

\u7531\u4e8e\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u64cd\u4f5c\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u6539\u53d8\u5934\u7ed3\u70b9\u6307\u9488\u7684\u6307\u5411，\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u4f20\u5165\u6307\u5411\u5934\u7ed3\u70b9\u6307\u9488\u7684\u6307\u9488，\u6b64\u5916，\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u4f20\u5165\u60f3\u8981\u5220\u9664\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u7684id\u6210\u5458\u3002\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u7c7b\u578b\u662fvoid\u3002<\/p>\n

\u51fd\u6570\u5185\u90e8，\u6211\u4eec\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u627e\u5230\u8981\u5220\u9664\u7684\u8282\u70b9，\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528\u524d\u9762\u7684\u67e5\u627e\u51fd\u6570\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e86\u3002\u7136\u540e\u5224\u65ad\u4e00\u4e0b，\u770b\u770b\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8981\u5220\u9664\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5982\u679c\u5b58\u5728，\u4e0b\u9762\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u5c31\u662f\u5404\u79cd\u8fb9\u754c\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u5224\u65ad\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6211\u4eec\u9996\u5148\u770b\u770b\u8981\u5220\u9664\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u5934\u7ed3\u70b9，\u5982\u679c\u662f\u5934\u8282\u70b9，\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u8ba9\u5934\u8282\u70b9\u6307\u9488\u6307\u5411\u5934\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6211\u4eec\u518d\u6765\u770b\u770b\u8981\u5220\u9664\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u7684prev\u6307\u9488\u662f\u5426\u4e3aNULL，\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u4e3aNULL，\u90a3\u5c31\u8ba9\u8be5\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u524d\u9762\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u7684next\u6307\u9488\u6307\u5411\u8be5\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7136\u540e\u518d\u770b\u8981\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\u7684next\u6307\u9488\u662f\u5426\u4e3aNULL，\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u4e3aNULL，\u5c31\u8ba9\u8be5\u8282\u70b9\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u7684prev\u6307\u9488\u6307\u5411\u8be5\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u524d\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6700\u540e\u91ca\u653e\u8981\u5220\u9664\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u5360\u7528\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e0b\u9762\u6211\u753b\u4e2a\u56fe\u6765\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e00\u4e0b\u6574\u4e2a\u5220\u9664\u8fc7\u7a0b：<\/p>\n

\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\"<\/p>\n

\u5982\u56fe，\u8fd9\u4e2a\u94fe\u8868\u73b0\u5728\u53ea\u6709\u4e09\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9，A \u548c C \u5206\u522b\u662f\u5934\u8282\u70b9\u548c\u5c3e\u8282\u70b9，B \u662f\u4e2d\u95f4\u8282\u70b9\u3002head_ptr\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e8c\u7ea7\u6307\u9488，\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6307\u5411\u5934\u7ed3\u70b9\u6307\u9488\u7684\u6307\u9488，* head_ptr\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u7ea7\u6307\u9488，\u5b83\u6307\u5411\u5934\u7ed3\u70b9，\u5982\u56fe\u4e2d\u753b\u7684\u90a3\u6837\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5047\u5982\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u5220\u9664\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u662f B，\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe：<\/p>\n

\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\"<\/p>\n

\u6211\u4eec\u9996\u5148\u8981\u5224\u65ad* head_ptr\u548cnode_to_delete\u6307\u5411\u7684\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9，\u8fd9\u91cc\u663e\u7136\u4e0d\u662f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7136\u540e\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u5224\u65adnode_to_delete\u6307\u5411\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u7684prev\u662f\u5426\u4e3aNULL，\u8fd9\u91ccprev\u4e3a&A，\u4e0d\u4e3aNULL\u3002if\u6761\u4ef6\u6210\u7acb，\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u6267\u884c\u4e0b\u9762\u8bed\u53e5：<\/p>\n

node_to_delete-><\/span>prev-><\/span>next =<\/span> node_to_delete-><\/span>next<\/p>\n

\u6267\u884c\u540e\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\u6240\u793a：<\/p>\n

\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\"<\/p>\n

\u7136\u540e\u8981\u5224\u65adnode_to_delete\u6307\u5411\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u7684next\u6307\u9488\u662f\u5426\u4e3aNULL，\u8fd9\u91ccnext\u4e3a&C，\u4e0d\u4e3aNULL，if\u6761\u4ef6\u6210\u7acb，\u6267\u884c\u4e0b\u9762\u8bed\u53e5：<\/p>\n

node_to_delete-><\/span>next-><\/span>prev =<\/span> node_to_delete-><\/span>prev;<\/span><\/p>\n

\u6267\u884c\u540e\u7ed3\u679c\u5982\u4e0b：<\/p>\n

\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\"<\/p>\n

\u81f3\u6b64，\u8282\u70b9 A \u548c\u8282\u70b9 C \u5df2\u7ecf\u7ed5\u8fc7\u8282\u70b9 B \u8fde\u63a5\u4e0a\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7136\u540e\u6211\u4eec\u91ca\u653e\u8282\u70b9 B \u5360\u7528\u7684\u5185\u5b58：
\n\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\"<\/p>\n

\u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c\u5b8c\u6210，\u8282\u70b9 B \u5f7b\u5e95\u6d88\u5931\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u91cc\u6211\u53ea\u662f\u7528\u8282\u70b9 B \u4e3e\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50，\u5982\u679c\u7528\u8282\u70b9 A \u548c\u8282\u70b9 C \u7684\u8bdd\u6548\u679c\u4e5f\u662f\u76f8\u540c\u7684，\u5927\u5bb6\u53ef\u4ee5\u6309\u7167\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6d41\u7a0b\u63a8\u4e00\u4e0b\u8282\u70b9 A \u548c\u8282\u70b9 C \u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u6267\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n

2.6 \u6253\u5370\u94fe\u8868\u5185\u5bb9<\/h3>\n

\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b：<\/p>\n

void<\/span> print_list<\/span>(<\/span>StudentNode *<\/span>head)<\/span>
\n{<\/span>
\nprintf<\/span>(<\/span>"\u94fe\u8868\u5185\u5bb9\u5982\u4e0b：\\\\n"<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\nStudentNode *<\/span>current =<\/span> head;<\/span>
\nwhile<\/span>(<\/span>current !=<\/span> NULL<\/span>)<\/span>
\n{<\/span>
\nprintf<\/span>(<\/span>"[ID]:%d [\u59d3\u540d]:%s\\\\n"<\/span>,<\/span>current-><\/span>id,<\/span>current-><\/span>name)<\/span>;<\/span>
\ncurrent =<\/span> current-><\/span>next;<\/span>\/\/\u6bcf\u6b21\u6253\u5370\u5b8c\u6210，\u5c31\u8ba9current\u6307\u5411\u4ed6\u7684\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9<\/span>
\n}<\/span>
\nprintf<\/span>(<\/span>"\u6253\u5370\u5b8c\u6bd5\\\\n\\\\n"<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n}<\/span><\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u7531\u4e8e\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u6539\u53d8\u94fe\u8868\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u7ed3\u6784，\u6240\u4ee5\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u4f20\u5934\u6307\u9488\u5c31\u884c\u4e86，\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u50cf\u524d\u9762\u90a3\u6837\u628a\u6307\u5411\u5934\u6307\u9488\u7684\u6307\u9488\u4f20\u8fdb\u6765\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u91cc\u6211\u4eec\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2aStudentNode *\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6307\u9488current\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u904d\u5386，\u8ba9\u5b83\u5148\u6307\u5411\u5934\u8282\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7136\u540e\u6267\u884cwhile\u5faa\u73af，\u53ea\u8981current\u4e0d\u4e3aNULL，\u5c31\u6253\u5370\u5b83\u6307\u5411\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u7684id\u548cname，\u7136\u540e\u8ba9current\u6307\u5411\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u91cc\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u70b9\u9700\u8981\u63d0\u4e00\u4e0b，\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u6211\u4eec\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u4f20\u8fdb\u6765\u7684\u53c2\u6570head\u8fdb\u884c\u904d\u5386\u4e5f\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7684，\u56e0\u4e3aC \u8bed\u8a00\u51fd\u6570\u4f20\u53c2\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6838\u5fc3\u673a\u5236\u662f\u503c\u4f20\u9012\u3002head\u7684\u672c\u4f53\u662f\u5728main\u51fd\u6570\u91cc\u9762\u7684，\u6211\u4eec\u628a\u5b83\u4f20\u7ed9\u51fd\u6570print_list，\u53ea\u662f\u5c06head\u590d\u5236\u4e86\u4e00\u4efd\u4f20\u8fdb\u53bb，\u800c\u5728\u51fd\u6570\u91cc\u9762\u5bf9\u4ed6\u8fdb\u884c\u4fee\u6539，\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u6539\u53d8\u7684\u53ea\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u590d\u5236\u54c1\u7684\u503c，\u539f\u672c\u7684head\u7684\u503c\u662f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6539\u53d8\u7684\u3002\u6240\u4ee5，\u8fd9\u91cc\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528head\u8fdb\u884c\u904d\u5386\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u53ef\u4ee5\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f46\u662f\u4e60\u60ef\u4e0a，\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2acurrent\u6765\u63a5\u6536head\u7684\u503c，head\u8bed\u4e49\u4e0a\u8868\u793a\u6307\u5411\u5934\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u6307\u9488，current\u8868\u793a\u6307\u5411\u6b63\u5728\u5904\u7406\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u6307\u9488，\u8fd9\u662f\u7b26\u5408\u6211\u4eec\u8bed\u8a00\u903b\u8f91\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

2.7 \u6574\u8868\u91ca\u653e<\/h3>\n

\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7ed3\u675f\u65f6，\u5fc5\u987b\u91ca\u653e\u6240\u6709\u7533\u8bf7\u7684\u5185\u5b58，\u5426\u5219\u5c31\u4f1a\u9020\u6210\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f\u3002\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b：<\/p>\n

void<\/span> free_list<\/span>(<\/span>StudentNode *<\/span>*<\/span>head_ptr)<\/span>\/\/\u4f20\u5165\u6307\u5411\u5934\u8282\u70b9\u6307\u9488\u7684\u6307\u9488<\/span>
\n{<\/span>
\nStudentNode *<\/span>current =<\/span> *<\/span>head_ptr;<\/span>
\nStudentNode *<\/span>next_node;<\/span><\/p>\n

while<\/span>(<\/span>current !=<\/span> NULL<\/span>)<\/span>
\n{<\/span>
\nnext_node =<\/span> current-><\/span>next;<\/span>
\nfree<\/span>(<\/span>current)<\/span>;<\/span>
\ncurrent =<\/span> next_node;<\/span>
\n}<\/span><\/p>\n

*<\/span>head_ptr =<\/span> NULL<\/span>;<\/span>
\nprintf<\/span>(<\/span>"\u94fe\u8868\u91ca\u653e\u5b8c\u6210\\\\n\\\\n"<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n}<\/span><\/p>\n

\u6211\u4eec\u91ca\u653e\u6574\u4e2a\u94fe\u8868\u5185\u5b58\u65f6\u9700\u8981\u4f20\u5165\u6307\u5411\u5934\u8282\u70b9\u6307\u9488\u7684\u6307\u9488，\u8fd9\u624d\u80fd\u6539\u53d8\u771f\u5b9e\u5934\u7ed3\u70b9\u6307\u9488\u7684\u503c，\u5426\u5219\u6539\u53d8\u7684\u8fd8\u662f\u526f\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6b64\u5916，\u7531\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec\u91ca\u653e\u987a\u5e8f\u662f\u4ece\u524d\u5f80\u540e\u91ca\u653e，\u4f46\u662f\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u91ca\u653e\u6389\u524d\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u540e，\u5c31\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u5b83\u540e\u9762\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u4e86，\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u4eec\u9664\u4e86\u9700\u8981\u6307\u5411\u5f53\u524d\u6b63\u5728\u5904\u7406\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u6307\u9488current\u4e4b\u5916，\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4e2a\u6307\u5411\u8be5\u8282\u70b9\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u6307\u9488next_node\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7136\u540e\u6267\u884cwhile\u5faa\u73af，\u5f53current\u6307\u9488\u4e0d\u4e3aNULL\u65f6，\u6267\u884c\u5faa\u73af\u4f53\u91cc\u9762\u7684\u5185\u5bb9，\u5148\u8ba9next_node\u6307\u5411\u5f53\u524d\u6b63\u5728\u5904\u7406\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9，\u7136\u540e\u91ca\u653e\u6389\u6b63\u5728\u5904\u7406\u7684\u8282\u70b9，\u6700\u540e\u518d\u8ba9current\u6307\u5411next_node\u6307\u5411\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u8f6e\u5faa\u73af\u5c31\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86，\u4e00\u76f4\u5faa\u73af，\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u91ca\u653e\u6389\u6240\u6709\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6700\u540e\u6211\u4eec\u628a\u5934\u8282\u70b9\u6307\u9488\u7f6e\u4e3aNULL，\u9632\u6b62\u91ce\u6307\u9488\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e0b\u9762\u6211\u753b\u56fe\u6765\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e00\u4e0b\u6574\u4e2a\u91ca\u653e\u6d41\u7a0b，\u5728\u8fdb\u5165while\u5faa\u73af\u4e4b\u524d，\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe：<\/p>\n

\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\"<\/p>\n

\u6b64\u65f6，current\u6307\u5411\u5934\u8282\u70b9，next_node\u8fd8\u672a\u6307\u5411\u4efb\u4f55\u8282\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fdb\u5165while\u5faa\u73af\u4e4b\u540e，next_node\u5148\u6307\u5411current\u6240\u6307\u5411\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9：<\/p>\n

\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\"<\/p>\n

\u73b0\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u8bb0\u4f4f\u4e86，\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e，\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u628acurrent\u6307\u5411\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u91ca\u653e\u4e86：<\/p>\n

\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\"<\/p>\n

\u7136\u540e\u518d\u8ba9current\u6307\u5411next_node\u6307\u5411\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9：<\/p>\n

\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\"<\/p>\n

\u5faa\u73af\u5f80\u590d，\u6700\u540e\u6240\u6709\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u90fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u91ca\u653e，current\u548cnext_node\u4e5f\u90fd\u4f1a\u6307\u5411\u5c3e\u8282\u70b9\u7684next\u6307\u9488\u6307\u5411\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e，\u4e5f\u5c31\u662fNULL\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f46\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898，\u5c31\u662f*head_ptr\u8fd8\u6307\u5411\u539f\u6765\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e，\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u91ca\u653e\u4e86，\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u628a\u4ed6\u7f6e\u4e3aNULL，\u5426\u5219\u5b83\u4f1a\u53d8\u6210\u91ce\u6307\u9488\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5230\u8fd9\u91cc，\u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u7684 C \u8bed\u8a00\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u64cd\u4f5c\u6211\u4eec\u57fa\u672c\u90fd\u719f\u6089\u4e86，\u4e0b\u4e00\u7ae0\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u5199\u4e00\u4e2a\u5fae\u578b\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u4fe1\u606f\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002<\/p>\n

3. C\u8bed\u8a00\u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u5b9e\u6218<\/h2>\n

\u4e0a\u4e00\u7ae0\u6211\u4eec\u5b66\u4e60\u4e86\u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0，\u8fd9\u4e00\u7ae0\u6211\u4eec\u76f4\u63a5\u7528\u8d77\u6765\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5b8c\u6574\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b：<\/p>\n

#<\/span>include<\/span> <stdio.h><\/span><\/span>
\n#<\/span>include<\/span> <stdlib.h><\/span><\/span>
\n#<\/span>include<\/span> <string.h><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

#<\/span>define<\/span> NAME_SIZE<\/span> 32<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

typedef<\/span> struct<\/span> StudentNode<\/span>{<\/span>
\nint<\/span> id;<\/span> \/\/\u5b66\u751fid<\/span>
\nchar<\/span> name[<\/span>NAME_SIZE]<\/span>;<\/span> \/\/\u5b66\u751f\u59d3\u540d<\/span>
\nstruct<\/span> StudentNode<\/span> *<\/span>prev;<\/span> \/\/\u6307\u5411\u524d\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9<\/span>
\nstruct<\/span> StudentNode<\/span> *<\/span>next;<\/span> \/\/\u6307\u5411\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9<\/span>
\n}<\/span>StudentNode;<\/span><\/p>\n

\/\/\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9<\/span>
\nStudentNode *<\/span>create_node<\/span>(<\/span>int<\/span> id,<\/span> const<\/span> char<\/span> *<\/span>name)<\/span>
\n{<\/span>
\nStudentNode *<\/span>new_node =<\/span> (<\/span>StudentNode *<\/span>)<\/span>malloc<\/span>(<\/span>sizeof<\/span>(<\/span>StudentNode)<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>\/\/\u4e3a\u8981\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u65b0\u8282\u70b9\u7533\u8bf7\u5185\u5b58<\/span>
\nif<\/span>(<\/span>new_node ==<\/span> NULL<\/span>)<\/span>
\n{<\/span>
\nprintf<\/span>(<\/span>"\u5185\u5b58\u5206\u914d\u5931\u8d25\\\\n"<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\nreturn<\/span> NULL<\/span>;<\/span>
\n}<\/span><\/p>\n

\/\/\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u5206\u914d\u5185\u5b58\u540e\u518d\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u636e\u57df，\u5426\u5219\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u6bb5\u9519\u8bef<\/span>
\nnew_node-><\/span>id =<\/span> id;<\/span>
\nstrcpy<\/span>(<\/span>new_node-><\/span>name,<\/span>name)<\/span>;<\/span>\/\/\u4f7f\u7528strcpy\u6765\u62f7\u8d1d\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32<\/span><\/p>\n

\/\/\u8fd9\u662f\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u8282\u70b9，\u4ed6\u7684\u524d\u9a71\u548c\u540e\u7ee7\u6307\u9488\u90fd\u4e3aNULL<\/span>
\nnew_node-><\/span>prev =<\/span> NULL<\/span>;<\/span>
\nnew_node-><\/span>next =<\/span> NULL<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

return<\/span> new_node;<\/span>\/\/\u8fd4\u56de\u6307\u5411\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b0\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u6307\u9488<\/span>
\n}<\/span><\/p>\n

\/\/\u5728\u94fe\u8868\u5934\u90e8\u63d2\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u8282\u70b9<\/span>
\nvoid<\/span> insert_at_head<\/span>(<\/span>StudentNode *<\/span>*<\/span>head_ptr,<\/span>StudentNode *<\/span>new_node)<\/span>\/\/\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u662f\u6307\u5411\u5934\u6307\u9488\u7684\u6307\u9488，\u662f\u4e2a\u4e8c\u91cd\u6307\u9488<\/span>
\n{<\/span>
\n\/\/\u5982\u679c\u94fe\u8868\u4e3a\u7a7a<\/span>
\nif<\/span>(<\/span>*<\/span>head_ptr ==<\/span> NULL<\/span>)<\/span>
\n{<\/span>
\n*<\/span>head_ptr =<\/span> new_node;<\/span>
\nreturn<\/span>;<\/span>
\n}<\/span><\/p>\n

\/\/\u5982\u679c\u94fe\u8868\u4e0d\u4e3a\u7a7a<\/span>
\nnew_node-><\/span>next =<\/span> *<\/span>head_ptr;<\/span><\/p>\n

(<\/span>*<\/span>head_ptr)<\/span>-><\/span>prev =<\/span> new_node;<\/span><\/p>\n

*<\/span>head_ptr =<\/span> new_node;<\/span>\/\/\u66f4\u65b0\u5934\u6307\u9488，\u8ba9\u4ed6\u6307\u5411\u65b0\u7684\u5934\u8282\u70b9<\/span>
\n}<\/span><\/p>\n

\/\/\u5728\u94fe\u8868\u5c3e\u90e8\u63d2\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u8282\u70b9<\/span>
\nvoid<\/span> insert_at_tail<\/span>(<\/span>StudentNode *<\/span>*<\/span>head_ptr,<\/span>StudentNode *<\/span>new_node)<\/span>
\n{<\/span>
\n\/\/\u5982\u679c\u94fe\u8868\u4e3a\u7a7a<\/span>
\nif<\/span>(<\/span>*<\/span>head_ptr ==<\/span> NULL<\/span>)<\/span>
\n{<\/span>
\n*<\/span>head_ptr =<\/span> new_node;<\/span>
\nreturn<\/span>;<\/span>
\n}<\/span><\/p>\n

\/\/\u5982\u679c\u94fe\u8868\u4e0d\u4e3a\u7a7a<\/span>
\nStudentNode *<\/span>current =<\/span> *<\/span>head_ptr;<\/span><\/p>\n

while<\/span>(<\/span>current-><\/span>next !=<\/span> NULL<\/span>)<\/span>\/\/\u5148\u904d\u5386\u627e\u5230\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9<\/span>
\n{<\/span>
\ncurrent =<\/span> current-><\/span>next;<\/span>
\n}<\/span><\/p>\n

current-><\/span>next =<\/span> new_node;<\/span>
\nnew_node-><\/span>prev =<\/span> current;<\/span>
\nnew_node-><\/span>next =<\/span> NULL<\/span>;<\/span>
\n}<\/span><\/p>\n

\/\/\u67e5\u627e\u8282\u70b9<\/span>
\nStudentNode *<\/span>find_node<\/span>(<\/span>StudentNode *<\/span>head,<\/span>int<\/span> id)<\/span>
\n{<\/span>
\nStudentNode *<\/span>current =<\/span> head;<\/span>
\nwhile<\/span>(<\/span>current !=<\/span> NULL<\/span>)<\/span>
\n{<\/span>
\nif<\/span>(<\/span>current-><\/span>id ==<\/span> id)<\/span>
\n{<\/span>
\nreturn<\/span> current;<\/span>
\n}<\/span>
\ncurrent =<\/span> current-><\/span>next;<\/span>
\n}<\/span>
\nreturn<\/span> NULL<\/span>;<\/span>
\n}<\/span><\/p>\n

\/\/\u4ece\u5934\u5230\u5c3e\u6253\u5370\u6574\u4e2a\u94fe\u8868,\u51fd\u6570\u53c2\u6570\u4e3a\u5934\u6307\u9488<\/span>
\nvoid<\/span> print_list<\/span>(<\/span>StudentNode *<\/span>head)<\/span>
\n{<\/span>
\nprintf<\/span>(<\/span>"\u94fe\u8868\u5185\u5bb9\u5982\u4e0b：\\\\n"<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\nStudentNode *<\/span>current =<\/span> head;<\/span>
\nwhile<\/span>(<\/span>current !=<\/span> NULL<\/span>)<\/span>
\n{<\/span>
\nprintf<\/span>(<\/span>"[ID]:%d [\u59d3\u540d]:%s\\\\n"<\/span>,<\/span>current-><\/span>id,<\/span>current-><\/span>name)<\/span>;<\/span>
\ncurrent =<\/span> current-><\/span>next;<\/span>\/\/\u6bcf\u6b21\u6253\u5370\u5b8c\u6210，\u5c31\u8ba9current\u6307\u5411\u4ed6\u7684\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9<\/span>
\n}<\/span>
\nprintf<\/span>(<\/span>"\u6253\u5370\u5b8c\u6bd5\\\\n\\\\n"<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n}<\/span><\/p>\n

\/\/\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9<\/span>
\nvoid<\/span> delete_node<\/span>(<\/span>StudentNode *<\/span>*<\/span>head_ptr,<\/span>int<\/span> id)<\/span>
\n{<\/span>
\nStudentNode *<\/span>node_to_delete =<\/span> find_node<\/span>(<\/span>*<\/span>head_ptr,<\/span>id)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

if<\/span>(<\/span>node_to_delete ==<\/span> NULL<\/span>)<\/span>\/\/\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u627e\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u5c31\u8fd4\u56de<\/span>
\n{<\/span>
\nprintf<\/span>(<\/span>"\u4f60\u5e0c\u671b\u5220\u9664\u7684\u8282\u70b9(id = %d)\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\\\\n"<\/span>,<\/span>id)<\/span>;<\/span>
\nreturn<\/span>;<\/span>
\n}<\/span><\/p>\n

\/\/\u5982\u679c\u8981\u5220\u9664\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u662f\u5934\u8282\u70b9<\/span>
\nif<\/span>(<\/span>*<\/span>head_ptr ==<\/span> node_to_delete)<\/span>
\n{<\/span>
\n*<\/span>head_ptr =<\/span> node_to_delete-><\/span>next;<\/span>\/\/\u628a\u5934\u8282\u70b9\u6307\u9488\u79fb\u5230\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9<\/span>
\n}<\/span><\/p>\n

if<\/span>(<\/span>node_to_delete-><\/span>prev !=<\/span> NULL<\/span>)<\/span>\/\/\u5982\u679c\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u524d\u9a71\u6307\u9488\u4e0d\u4e3a\u7a7a<\/span>
\n{<\/span>
\nnode_to_delete-><\/span>prev-><\/span>next =<\/span> node_to_delete-><\/span>next;<\/span>
\n}<\/span><\/p>\n

if<\/span>(<\/span>node_to_delete-><\/span>next !=<\/span> NULL<\/span>)<\/span>\/\/\u5982\u679c\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u540e\u7ee7\u6307\u9488\u4e0d\u4e3a\u7a7a<\/span>
\n{<\/span>
\nnode_to_delete-><\/span>next-><\/span>prev =<\/span> node_to_delete-><\/span>prev;<\/span>
\n}<\/span><\/p>\n

printf<\/span>(<\/span>"\u6210\u529f\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9 [ID:%d, Name:%s],\u5e76\u91ca\u653e\u5185\u5b58\\\\n"<\/span>,<\/span>node_to_delete-><\/span>id,<\/span>node_to_delete-><\/span>name)<\/span>;<\/span>
\nfree<\/span>(<\/span>node_to_delete)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n}<\/span><\/p>\n

\/\/\u91ca\u653e\u5185\u5b58<\/span>
\nvoid<\/span> free_list<\/span>(<\/span>StudentNode *<\/span>*<\/span>head_ptr)<\/span>\/\/\u4f20\u5165\u5934\u8282\u70b9\u6307\u9488<\/span>
\n{<\/span>
\nStudentNode *<\/span>current =<\/span> *<\/span>head_ptr;<\/span>
\nStudentNode *<\/span>next_node;<\/span><\/p>\n

while<\/span>(<\/span>current !=<\/span> NULL<\/span>)<\/span>
\n{<\/span>
\nnext_node =<\/span> current-><\/span>next;<\/span>
\nfree<\/span>(<\/span>current)<\/span>;<\/span>
\ncurrent =<\/span> next_node;<\/span>
\n}<\/span><\/p>\n

*<\/span>head_ptr =<\/span> NULL<\/span>;<\/span>
\nprintf<\/span>(<\/span>"\u94fe\u8868\u91ca\u653e\u5b8c\u6210\\\\n\\\\n"<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n}<\/span><\/p>\n

int<\/span> main<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>
\n{<\/span>
\n StudentNode*<\/span> head =<\/span> NULL<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

\/\/\u51c6\u5907\u4e00\u4e2a\u94fe\u8868<\/span>
\n insert_at_tail<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>head,<\/span> create_node<\/span>(<\/span>104<\/span>,<\/span> "XLP4"<\/span>)<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n insert_at_tail<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>head,<\/span> create_node<\/span>(<\/span>103<\/span>,<\/span> "XLP3"<\/span>)<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n insert_at_tail<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>head,<\/span> create_node<\/span>(<\/span>102<\/span>,<\/span> "XLP2"<\/span>)<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n insert_at_tail<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>head,<\/span> create_node<\/span>(<\/span>101<\/span>,<\/span> "XLP1"<\/span>)<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n printf<\/span>(<\/span>"\u521d\u59cb\u94fe\u8868:\\\\n"<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n print_list<\/span>(<\/span>head)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

printf<\/span>(<\/span>"\u6d4b\u8bd51：\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9(103)\\\\n"<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n delete_node<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>head,<\/span> 103<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n print_list<\/span>(<\/span>head)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

printf<\/span>(<\/span>"\u6d4b\u8bd52：\u5220\u9664\u5934\u8282\u70b9(104)\\\\n"<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n delete_node<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>head,<\/span> 104<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n print_list<\/span>(<\/span>head)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

printf<\/span>(<\/span>"\u6d4b\u8bd53：\u5220\u9664\u5c3e\u8282\u70b9(101)\\\\n"<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n delete_node<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>head,<\/span> 101<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n print_list<\/span>(<\/span>head)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

printf<\/span>(<\/span>"\u6d4b\u8bd54：\u5220\u9664\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u8282\u70b9(999)\\\\n"<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n delete_node<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>head,<\/span> 999<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n print_list<\/span>(<\/span>head)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

printf<\/span>(<\/span>"\u6d4b\u8bd55：\u5220\u9664\u4ec5\u5269\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9(102)\\\\n"<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n delete_node<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>head,<\/span> 102<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n print_list<\/span>(<\/span>head)<\/span>;<\/span> \/\/ \u6b64\u65f6\u5e94\u8be5\u6ca1\u6709\u5185\u5bb9<\/span><\/p>\n

printf<\/span>(<\/span>"\u91ca\u653e\u94fe\u8868\\\\n"<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n free_list<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>head)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

return<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span>
\n}<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u51fd\u6570\u90fd\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u524d\u9762\u8be6\u7ec6\u89e3\u91ca\u8fc7\u7684，\u6b64\u5916，\u6211\u8fd8\u7f16\u5199\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2amain\u51fd\u6570\u7528\u6765\u6d4b\u8bd5，\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5f88\u57fa\u7840\u7684 C \u8bed\u8a00\u64cd\u4f5c，\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u4ec0\u4e48\u7684，\u8fd9\u91cc\u5c31\u4e0d\u8be6\u7ec6\u89e3\u91ca\u4e86\u3002\u4ee3\u7801\u8fd0\u884c\u7ed3\u679c\u5982\u4e0b：<\/p>\n

\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\"
\n\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\"<\/p>\n

\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230，\u5df2\u7ecf\u8fd0\u884c\u6210\u529f\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5230\u8fd9\u91cc，\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u5199\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6bd4\u8f83\u5065\u58ee\u7684\u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u3002\u4f46\u662f，\u5982\u679c\u5185\u6838\u4e2d\u9700\u8981\u7ba1\u7406 100 \u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61（\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u9a71\u52a8\u7b49\u7b49），\u96be\u9053\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u628a\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u590d\u5236\u7c98\u8d34 100 \u904d，\u7136\u540e\u628a StudentNode \u6539\u6210 ProcessNode,\u6216\u8005FileNode \u5417？<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u4e0e\u94fe\u8868\u903b\u8f91\u5f3a\u8026\u5408\u7684\u5199\u6cd5，\u5728\u5c0f\u89c4\u6a21\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u6ca1\u95ee\u9898，\u4f46\u5728\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u6838\u4e2d\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e0b\u4e00\u7ae0，\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u8fdb\u5165 Linux \u5185\u6838\u6765\u5b66\u4e60\u4fb5\u5165\u5f0f\u94fe\u8868\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

4. Linux \u5185\u6838\u7684\u4fb5\u5165\u5f0f\u94fe\u8868<\/h2>\n

\u5728\u4e0a\u4e00\u7ae0\u7684\u7ed3\u5c3e，\u6211\u4eec\u63d0\u5230\u4e86\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u5bb9\u5668\u5f0f\u94fe\u8868\u867d\u7136\u76f4\u89c2，\u4f46\u5b83\u7684\u901a\u7528\u6027\u6781\u5dee\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5982\u679c Linux \u5185\u6838\u6cbf\u7528\u8fd9\u79cd\u5199\u6cd5，\u6bcf\u5f53\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784，\u5c31\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u4e3a\u5b83\u4e13\u95e8\u5199\u4e00\u5957 insert, delete, search \u51fd\u6570，\u8003\u8651\u5230\u5185\u6838\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u6210\u5343\u4e0a\u4e07\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784，\u8fd9\u79cd\u4ee3\u7801\u91cd\u590d\u5c06\u4f1a\u662f\u707e\u96be\u6027\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u56e0\u6b64 Linux \u5185\u6838\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u4eec\u91c7\u7528\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u522b\u51fa\u5fc3\u88c1\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u601d\u8def，\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u4fb5\u5165\u5f0f\u94fe\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n

4.1 \u6838\u5fc3\u5b9a\u4e49<\/h3>\n

\u6211\u4eec\u76f4\u63a5\u6253\u5f00\u5185\u6838\u6e90\u7801，\u770b\u770b\u5185\u6838\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u94fe\u8868\u8282\u70b9\u957f\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837\u5b50，\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5982\u4e0b：<\/p>\n

\/include\/linux\/types.h<\/p>\n

\u6253\u5f00\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6，\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49：
\n\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\"<\/p>\n

\u7b2c\u4e00\u773c\u770b\u4e0a\u53bb\u7ed9\u4eba\u4e00\u79cd\u7b80\u6d01\u7684\u7f8e\u7684\u5370\u8c61，\u4ed4\u7ec6\u89c2\u5bdf\u4e00\u4e0b，\u5c31\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0\u5b83\u4e0e\u524d\u9762\u5bb9\u5668\u5f0f\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u533a\u522b，\u4ed6\u6ca1\u6709\u6570\u636e\u57df，\u53ea\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u6307\u5411\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u4e3a\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u6307\u9488\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u6709\u4e00\u70b9\u53cd\u76f4\u89c9\u4e86，\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u80fd\u5b58\u50a8\u6570\u636e\u7684\u94fe\u8868\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u7528\u5462？<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u6b63\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u8f6c\u53d8\u89c2\u5ff5\u7684\u5173\u952e\u4e4b\u5904\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u5bb9\u5668\u5f0f\u94fe\u8868，\u8282\u70b9\u662f\u4e3b，\u6570\u636e\u662f\u5ba2，\u8282\u70b9\u628a\u6570\u636e\u5305\u88f9\u8d77\u6765\u3002\u800c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8fd9\u79cd\u4fb5\u5165\u5f0f\u94fe\u8868，\u6570\u636e\u662f\u4e3b，\u8282\u70b9\u662f\u5ba2，\u8282\u70b9\u5d4c\u5728\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u5185\u90e8\u3002<\/p>\n

4.2 \u5185\u5b58\u5e03\u5c40<\/h3>\n

\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u7528\u5185\u6838\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u91cd\u5199\u4e4b\u524d\u7684 Student \u7ed3\u6784\u4f53，\u5b83\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u7684：<\/p>\n

struct<\/span> Student<\/span> {<\/span>
\n int<\/span> id;<\/span>
\n char<\/span> name[<\/span>32<\/span>]<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

\/\/\u94fe\u8868\u8282\u70b9\u53ea\u662f\u5b66\u751f\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6210\u5458\u53d8\u91cf<\/span>
\n struct<\/span> list_head<\/span> list;<\/span>
\n}<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

\u6b63\u5982\u6211\u4eec\u4e0a\u4e00\u8282\u6240\u8bf4\u7684，\u94fe\u8868\u8282\u70b9\u5d4c\u5728\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e3a\u4e86\u66f4\u76f4\u89c2\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u8fd9\u79cd\u5dee\u5f02，\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u6bd4\u89c2\u5bdf\u4e00\u4e0b\u4fb5\u5165\u5f0f\u94fe\u8868\u548c\u5bb9\u5668\u5f0f\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u56fe：<\/p>\n

\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\"
\n\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\"<\/p>\n

\u6211\u4eec\u5148\u770b\u5bb9\u5668\u5f0f\u94fe\u8868，\u8fd9\u5728\u524d\u9762\u5df2\u7ecf\u8bb2\u8fc7\u5f88\u591a\u4e86，\u6700\u5173\u952e\u7684\u662f\u5b83\u7684prev\u548cnext\u6307\u9488\u90fd\u662f\u6307\u5411\u4e00\u6574\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u7684，\u800c\u6574\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u53c8\u5305\u542b\u6570\u636e\u57df\u548c\u6307\u9488\u57df，\u6574\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u5c31\u50cf\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bb9\u5668，\u91cc\u9762\u88c5\u7740\u6570\u636e\u548c\u6307\u9488，\u8fd9\u5e94\u8be5\u5c31\u662f\u4ed6\u8fd9\u6837\u547d\u540d\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u628a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u518d\u6765\u770b\u4fb5\u5165\u5f0f\u94fe\u8868，\u5982\u56fe，list\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u662f\u5185\u6838\u6807\u51c6\u7684struct list_head\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53，\u5185\u90e8\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u6210\u5458，\u5373prev\u548cnext，\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u8282\u70b9\u3002\u518d\u770b\u6574\u4e2a\u5927\u65b9\u6846\u672c\u8eab\u5305\u542b\u6570\u636e\u548c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9，\u6574\u4e2a\u5927\u65b9\u6846\u5c31\u662f\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784，\u8282\u70b9\u5d4c\u5728\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u91cc\u9762，\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u770b，\u5b83\u540d\u5b57\u53eb\u505a\u4fb5\u5165\u5f0f\u94fe\u8868\u4f3c\u4e4e\u4e5f\u662f\u6709\u539f\u56e0\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6700\u5173\u952e\u4e4b\u5904\u5c31\u662f\u4fb5\u5165\u5f0f\u94fe\u8868\u4e2dprev\u548cnext\u6307\u9488\u7684\u6307\u5411，\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u6307\u9488\u90fd\u662f\u6307\u5411\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e2d\u7684\u8282\u70b9，\u4ece\u5185\u6838\u6e90\u7801\u4e2dstruct list_head\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\u6765\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u5b66\u4e60\u4fb5\u5165\u5f0f\u94fe\u8868\u65f6，\u4f1a\u770b\u5230\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6d41\u4f20\u5f88\u4e45\u7684\u5999\u55bb，\u5b83\u628a\u6574\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u6bd4\u505a\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e66\u5305，\u4e66\u5305\u91cc\u9762\u88c5\u7684\u662f\u6570\u636e，\u4e66\u5305\u4e0a\u8fd8\u6302\u7740\u4e00\u4e2a\u94a9\u5b50，\u8fd9\u4e2a\u94a9\u5b50\u5c31\u662fstruct list_head，\u90a3\u4e48\u94fe\u8868\u4e2d\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u6bd4\u505a\u662f\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e66\u5305\u76f4\u63a5\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u94a9\u5b50\u8fdb\u884c\u8fde\u63a5\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5230\u8fd9\u91cc，\u6211\u4eec\u57fa\u672c\u5df2\u7ecf\u660e\u767d\u4e86\u5bb9\u5668\u5f0f\u94fe\u8868\u548c\u4fb5\u5165\u5f0f\u94fe\u8868\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u533a\u522b\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

4.3 \u4fb5\u5165\u5f0f\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u4f18\u52bf<\/h3>\n

\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e3a\u5185\u6838\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u5de5\u7a0b\u4f18\u52bf\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9996\u5148\u662f\u6781\u81f4\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u590d\u7528，\u56e0\u4e3a struct list_head \u91cc\u53ea\u6709\u6307\u9488，\u5b83\u4e0d\u5173\u5fc3\u5bbf\u4e3b\u662f\u8c01\u3002\u5185\u6838\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u57fa\u4e8e struct list_head \u5199\u597d\u4e00\u5957 list_add, list_del \u51fd\u6570\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u7ba1\u7406\u8fdb\u7a0b，\u8fd8\u662f\u7ba1\u7406\u6587\u4ef6 ，\u53ea\u8981\u4f60\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u91cc\u5d4c\u5165\u4e86 struct list_head，\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u5957\u6807\u51c6\u7684 API\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u4f18\u52bf\u662f\u591a\u91cd\u94fe\u8868，\u8fd9\u662f\u4fb5\u5165\u5f0f\u94fe\u8868\u6700\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u5730\u65b9，\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u53ef\u4ee5\u540c\u65f6\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u591a\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u94fe\u8868\u4e2d\u3002\u4e3e\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50，\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b66\u751f\u65e2\u5c5e\u4e8e\u6570\u5b66\u5c0f\u7ec4，\u53c8\u5c5e\u4e8e\u8db3\u7403\u961f，\u5728\u4f20\u7edf\u94fe\u8868\u4e2d，\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u590d\u5236\u4e24\u4efd\u5b66\u751f\u6570\u636e\u653e\u5230\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u94fe\u8868\u91cc，\u6216\u8005\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6781\u5176\u590d\u6742\u7684\u6307\u9488\u7ed3\u6784\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f46\u5728\u5185\u6838\u4e2d，\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u8fd9\u6837\u5199：<\/p>\n

struct<\/span> Student<\/span> {<\/span>
\n int<\/span> id;<\/span>
\n char<\/span> name[<\/span>32<\/span>]<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

struct<\/span> list_head<\/span> math_group;<\/span>
\n struct<\/span> list_head<\/span> soccer_team;<\/span>
\n}<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b66\u751f\u5bf9\u8c61，\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u91cc\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4efd，\u4f46\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6302\u94a9\u88ab\u7ec4\u7ec7\u8fdb\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u94fe\u8868\u4e2d，\u8fd9\u5728\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7ba1\u7406\u8fdb\u7a0b\u72b6\u6001\u65f6（\u65e2\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u961f\u5217，\u53c8\u5728\u7b49\u5f85\u961f\u5217）\u975e\u5e38\u5173\u952e\u3002<\/p>\n

4.4 \u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u95ee\u9898<\/h3>\n

\u770b\u5230\u8fd9\u91cc，\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u6709\u6d6e\u51fa\u6c34\u9762\u4e86，\u65e2\u7136\u94fe\u8868\u91cc\u9762\u8fde\u8d77\u6765\u7684\u90fd\u662flist\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6210\u5458\u7684\u5730\u5740，\u90a3\u4e48\u6211\u4eec\u904d\u5386\u65f6\u62ff\u5230\u7684\u4e5f\u662flist\u7684\u5730\u5740\u554a，\u600e\u6837\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e2alist\u7684\u5730\u5740，\u6765\u627e\u5230\u5b66\u751f\u4fe1\u606f，\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5730\u5740\u5462？<\/p>\n

\u5728\u4f20\u7edf\u94fe\u8868\u4e2d，Node \u8282\u70b9\u5185\u90e8\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u662f\u6570\u636e，\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u901a\u8fc7\u6307\u9488\u62ff\u5230\u8282\u70b9，\u62ff\u5230\u8282\u70b9\u5c31\u62ff\u5230\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u3002\u4f46\u5728\u5185\u6838\u94fe\u8868\u4e2d，\u6211\u4eec\u624b\u91cc\u53ea\u6709 &Student.list，\u800c\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u8981\u7684\u662f &Student\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u5c31\u5f15\u51fa\u4e86 Linux \u5185\u6838\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u8457\u540d\u7684\u5b8f\u2014\u2014 container_of，\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u5728\u4e0b\u4e00\u7ae0\u8be6\u7ec6\u62c6\u89e3\u5b83\u3002<\/p>\n

5. \u89e3\u6790 container_of<\/h2>\n

\u5728\u4e0a\u4e00\u7ae0\u7684\u7ed3\u5c3e，\u6211\u4eec\u9762\u4e34\u7740\u4e00\u4e2a\u68d8\u624b\u7684\u95ee\u9898：\u5728\u5185\u6838\u94fe\u8868\u4e2d，\u6211\u4eec\u624b\u4e2d\u7684\u6307\u9488\u6307\u5411\u7684\u662f\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u5185\u90e8\u7684 list \u6210\u5458，\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u8d77\u59cb\u5730\u5740\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8981\u60f3\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u5c31\u5f97\u7528\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u8457\u540d\u7684\u5b8f\u2014\u2014 container_of，\u5b83\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u4e5f\u975e\u5e38\u7b80\u5355，\u5c31\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u5bb9\u5668\u5185\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6210\u5458\u627e\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5bb9\u5668\u672c\u8eab\u3002<\/p>\n

5.1 \u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u7279\u70b9<\/h3>\n

\u5728 C \u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d，\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u662f\u8fde\u7eed\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u56de\u5230\u524d\u9762\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50：<\/p>\n

struct<\/span> Student<\/span> {<\/span>
\n int<\/span> id;<\/span> \/\/\u504f\u79fb\u91cf 0<\/span>
\n char<\/span> name[<\/span>32<\/span>]<\/span>;<\/span> \/\/\u504f\u79fb\u91cf 4<\/span>
\n struct<\/span> list_head<\/span> list;<\/span> \/\/\u504f\u79fb\u91cf 36 (4 + 32)<\/span>
\n}<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5047\u8bbe\u6709\u4e00\u4e2aStudent\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u53d8\u91cfs1，\u5b83\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u7684\u8d77\u59cb\u5730\u5740\u662f 1000 ，\u90a3\u4e48\u5b83\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6210\u5458\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u7684\u5730\u5740\u5c31\u662f\u786e\u5b9a\u7684：<\/p>\n

s1.id \u7684\u5730\u5740 :1000 + 0<\/span> =<\/span> 1000<\/span>
\ns1.name \u7684\u5730\u5740 :1000 + 4<\/span> =<\/span> 1004<\/span>
\ns1.list \u7684\u5730\u5740 :1000 + 4<\/span> + 32<\/span> =<\/span> 1036<\/span><\/p>\n

\u73b0\u5728，\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u904d\u5386\u94fe\u8868\u65f6，\u62ff\u5230\u7684\u6307\u9488ptr\u7684\u503c\u662f 1036 ，\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f&s1.list，\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u5f97\u5230s1\u7684\u8d77\u59cb\u5730\u5740，\u8be5\u600e\u4e48\u505a？<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u5176\u5b9e\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u51cf\u6cd5\u9898：<\/p>\n

\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u8d77\u59cb\u5730\u5740 =<\/span> \u6210\u5458\u53d8\u91cf\u5730\u5740 – \u8be5\u6210\u5458\u7684\u504f\u79fb\u91cf
\n1000<\/span> =<\/span> 1036<\/span> – 36<\/span><\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f container_of\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u79d8\u5bc6\u3002<\/p>\n

5.2 container_of \u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u539f\u7406<\/h3>\n

\u5728\u8be6\u7ec6\u5b66\u4e60\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b8f\u4e4b\u524d，\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5148\u770b\u770b\u5b83\u957f\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837，\u5927\u5bb6\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5185\u6838\u6e90\u7801\u4e2d\u4e0b\u9762\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u627e\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b8f：<\/p>\n

include\/linux\/kernel.h<\/p>\n

\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe：<\/p>\n

\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\"<\/p>\n

\u7b2c\u4e00\u773c\u770b\u4e0a\u53bb，\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u89c9\u5f97\u592a\u590d\u6742\u4e86，\u4f46\u662f\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a，\u5c31\u50cf\u4e0a\u9762\u8bb2\u7684\u90a3\u6837，\u4ed6\u53ea\u662f\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u51cf\u6cd5\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6211\u4eec\u5148\u6765\u770b\u770b\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b8f\u7684\u5916\u58f3：<\/p>\n

#<\/span>define<\/span> container_of<\/span>(<\/span>.<\/span>.<\/span>.<\/span>)<\/span> (<\/span>{<\/span> .<\/span>.<\/span>.<\/span> }<\/span>)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u4e0d\u662f\u6807\u51c6\u7684 C \u8bed\u8a00，\u8fd9\u662f GNU C \u7684\u6269\u5c55\u8bed\u6cd5，\u53eb\u505a\u8bed\u53e5\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u3002\u5b83\u5141\u8bb8\u4f60\u5728\u5b8f\u91cc\u9762\u5199\u591a\u884c\u4ee3\u7801，\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\u5b83\u4f1a\u628a\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u884c\u8bed\u53e5\u7684\u503c，\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6574\u4e2a\u5b8f\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u518d\u6765\u770b 970 \u884c：<\/p>\n

void<\/span> *<\/span>__mptr =<\/span> (<\/span>void<\/span> *<\/span>)<\/span>(<\/span>ptr)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5b83\u628a\u4f20\u8fdb\u6765\u7684\u6307\u9488 ptr，\u5148\u8d4b\u503c\u7ed9\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e34\u65f6\u7684 void * \u6307\u9488，\u540d\u5b57\u53eb __mptr\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7b2c 971 \u5230 973 \u884c：<\/p>\n

BUILD_BUG_ON_MSG<\/span>(<\/span>!<\/span>__same_type<\/span>(<\/span>*<\/span>(<\/span>ptr)<\/span>,<\/span> (<\/span>(<\/span>type *<\/span>)<\/span>0<\/span>)<\/span>-><\/span>member)<\/span> &&<\/span> \\\\
\n !<\/span>__same_type<\/span>(<\/span>*<\/span>(<\/span>ptr)<\/span>,<\/span> void<\/span>)<\/span>,<\/span> \\\\
\n "pointer type mismatch in container_of()"<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f16\u8bd1\u65f6\u65ad\u8a00，\u7528\u6765\u5224\u65ad\u4f20\u8fdb\u6765\u7684\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6307\u9488 ptr \u7684\u7c7b\u578b，\u548c\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u91cc\u90a3\u4e2a\u6210\u5458 member \u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u578b，\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u662f\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u578b，\u5728\u7f16\u8bd1\u65f6\u5c31\u4f1a\u62a5\u9519\u5e76\u663e\u793a\u53cc\u5f15\u53f7\u91cc\u9762\u7684\u8b66\u544a\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7b2c 974 \u884c：<\/p>\n

(<\/span>(<\/span>type *<\/span>)<\/span>(<\/span>__mptr –<\/span> offsetof<\/span>(<\/span>type,<\/span> member)<\/span>)<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u624d\u662f\u771f\u6b63\u53d1\u6325\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002__mptr\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u624b\u91cc\u62ff\u5230\u7684\u6307\u9488，\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u524d\u9762\u63d0\u5230\u7684list\u7684\u5730\u5740，offsetof(type, member)\u662flist\u6210\u5458\u8ddd\u79bbStudent\u5934\u90e8\u7684\u504f\u79fb\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n

__mptr – offsetof(type, member)\u5c31\u662f\u4e0a\u9762\u516c\u5f0f\u91cc\u9762\u7684\u5185\u5bb9，\u5373\u6210\u5458\u53d8\u91cf\u5730\u5740 – \u8be5\u6210\u5458\u7684\u504f\u79fb\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n

(type *)\u4f1a\u628a\u6700\u540e\u7b97\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u5730\u5740，\u5f3a\u5236\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3aStudent *\u7c7b\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n

5.3 container_of \u7684\u7528\u6cd5<\/h3>\n

\u7406\u89e3\u4e86\u539f\u7406\u4e4b\u540e，\u4f7f\u7528\u8d77\u6765\u5c31\u975e\u5e38\u7b80\u5355\u4e86，\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b8f\u9700\u8981\u4f20\u5165\u4e09\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570：<\/p>\n

\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u662fptr，\u5b83\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u624b\u91cc\u7684\u6307\u9488，\u6307\u5411\u6210\u5458\u53d8\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u662ftype，\u5b83\u662f\u5bbf\u4e3b\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u662fmember，\u5b83\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6210\u5458\u53d8\u91cf\u5728\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u91cc\u9762\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5bf9\u5e94\u5230\u6211\u4eec\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u91cc\u9762：<\/p>\n

struct<\/span> Student<\/span> {<\/span>
\n int<\/span> id;<\/span>
\n char<\/span> name[<\/span>32<\/span>]<\/span>;<\/span>
\n struct<\/span> list_head<\/span> list;<\/span> \/\/\u6210\u5458\u53d8\u91cf\u540d list<\/span>
\n}<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

\/\/ \u5047\u8bbe ptr \u662f\u6211\u4eec\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6307\u5411 struct list_head \u7684\u6307\u9488<\/span>
\n\/\/ \u6b64\u65f6，\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u627e\u56de Student \u7ed3\u6784\u4f53<\/span>
\nstruct<\/span> Student<\/span> *<\/span>s =<\/span> container_of<\/span>(<\/span>ptr,<\/span> struct<\/span> Student<\/span>,<\/span> list)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u6837，\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u901a\u8fc7\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u7684\u6210\u5458list，\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u7684\u8d77\u59cb\u5730\u5740\u3002<\/p>\n

6. \u7f16\u5199\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e76\u53d1\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u8bbe\u5907\u9a71\u52a8<\/h2>\n

\u5230\u8fd9\u91cc\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u6d1e\u6089\u4e86\u5185\u6838\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u539f\u7406，\u73b0\u5728\u662f\u65f6\u5019\u8fdb\u5165\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u5185\u6838\u6001\u7f16\u5199\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u6784\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u8bbe\u5907\u9a71\u52a8\u6a21\u5757，\u4ed6\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5b57\u7b26\u8bbe\u5907\u63a5\u53e3（\/dev\/mylist），\u8ba9\u7528\u6237\u7a7a\u95f4\u7a0b\u5e8f\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u5199\u5165\u6570\u636e，\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u6838\u94fe\u8868\u52a8\u6001\u7ba1\u7406\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e，\u6b64\u5916，\u8fd8\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u4e92\u65a5\u9501，\u786e\u4fdd\u5373\u4f7f\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u540c\u65f6\u75af\u72c2\u5199\u5165，\u94fe\u8868\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5d29\u6e83\u3002<\/p>\n

6.1 \u5b8c\u6574\u4ee3\u7801\u8be6\u89e3<\/h3>\n

\u8fd9\u91cc\u5148\u76f4\u63a5\u7ed9\u51fa\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n

#<\/span>include<\/span> <linux\/module.h><\/span> \/\/\u6240\u6709\u6a21\u5757\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u8fd9\u4e2a<\/span><\/span>
\n#<\/span>include<\/span> <linux\/kernel.h><\/span> \/\/printk\u51fd\u6570\u548ccontainer_of\u5b8f<\/span><\/span>
\n#<\/span>include<\/span> <linux\/init.h><\/span> \/\/module_init\u548cmodule_exit<\/span><\/span>
\n#<\/span>include<\/span> <linux\/list.h><\/span> \/\/\u5185\u6838\u94fe\u8868<\/span><\/span>
\n#<\/span>include<\/span> <linux\/slab.h><\/span> \/\/kmalloc，kfree<\/span><\/span>
\n#<\/span>include<\/span> <linux\/fs.h><\/span> \/\/\u5305\u542b\u6587\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53<\/span><\/span>
\n#<\/span>include<\/span> <linux\/uaccess.h><\/span> \/\/\u5305\u542bcopy_from_user<\/span><\/span>
\n#<\/span>include<\/span> <linux\/miscdevice.h><\/span> \/\/\u5305\u542bmiscdevice\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53<\/span><\/span>
\n#<\/span>include<\/span> <linux\/mutex.h><\/span> \/\/\u4e92\u65a5\u9501<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\/\/\u5b9a\u4e49\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784<\/span>
\nstruct<\/span> my_node<\/span> {<\/span>
\n int<\/span> val;<\/span>
\n struct<\/span> list_head<\/span> list;<\/span>
\n}<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

static<\/span> LIST_HEAD<\/span>(<\/span>my_list_head)<\/span>;<\/span> \/\/\u94fe\u8868\u5934<\/span><\/p>\n

static<\/span> DEFINE_MUTEX<\/span>(<\/span>my_mutex)<\/span>;<\/span> \/\/\u5b9a\u4e49\u5e76\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e00\u628a\u4e92\u65a5\u9501<\/span><\/p>\n

\/\/\u6838\u5fc3\u529f\u80fd\u662f\u5f53\u7528\u6237\u5199\u5165\u6570\u636e\u65f6,\u5185\u6838\u4f1a\u8c03\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a write \u51fd\u6570<\/span>
\nstatic<\/span> ssize_t<\/span> my_driver_write<\/span>(<\/span>struct<\/span> file<\/span> *<\/span>file,<\/span> const<\/span> char<\/span> __user *<\/span>buf,<\/span> size_t<\/span> count,<\/span> loff_t<\/span> *<\/span>ppos)<\/span>
\n{<\/span>
\n char<\/span> kbuf[<\/span>32<\/span>]<\/span>;<\/span> \/\/\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u5185\u6838\u7f13\u51b2\u533a<\/span>
\n int<\/span> user_val;<\/span>
\n struct<\/span> my_node<\/span> *<\/span>node;<\/span><\/p>\n

\/\/\u9632\u6b62\u5199\u5165\u592a\u957f\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5bfc\u81f4\u6ea2\u51fa<\/span>
\n if<\/span> (<\/span>count >=<\/span> sizeof<\/span>(<\/span>kbuf)<\/span>)<\/span>
\n {<\/span>
\n return<\/span> –<\/span>EINVAL;<\/span>
\n }<\/span><\/p>\n

\/\/ \u4ece\u7528\u6237\u7a7a\u95f4\u62f7\u8d1d\u6570\u636e\u5230\u5185\u6838\u7a7a\u95f4，\u6210\u529f\u8fd4\u56de0，\u5931\u8d25\u8fd4\u56de\u672a\u62f7\u8d1d\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u6570<\/span>
\n if<\/span> (<\/span>copy_from_user<\/span>(<\/span>kbuf,<\/span> buf,<\/span> count)<\/span>)<\/span>
\n {<\/span>
\n return<\/span> –<\/span>EFAULT;<\/span>
\n }<\/span><\/p>\n

kbuf[<\/span>count]<\/span> =<\/span> '\\\\0'<\/span>;<\/span> \/\/\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7ed3\u675f\u7b26<\/span><\/p>\n

\/\/\u5c06\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32"123\\\\n" \u8f6c\u6362\u6210\u6574\u6570 123<\/span>
\n if<\/span> (<\/span>kstrtoint<\/span>(<\/span>kbuf,<\/span> 10<\/span>,<\/span> &<\/span>user_val)<\/span>)<\/span>
\n {<\/span>
\n return<\/span> –<\/span>EINVAL;<\/span>
\n }<\/span><\/p>\n

\/\/\u5178\u578b\u7684\u94fe\u8868\u64cd\u4f5c<\/span>
\n node =<\/span> kmalloc<\/span>(<\/span>sizeof<\/span>(<\/span>struct<\/span> my_node<\/span>)<\/span>,<\/span> GFP_KERNEL)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n if<\/span> (<\/span>!<\/span>node)<\/span>
\n {<\/span>
\n return<\/span> –<\/span>ENOMEM;<\/span>
\n }<\/span><\/p>\n

node-><\/span>val =<\/span> user_val;<\/span>
\n INIT_LIST_HEAD<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>node-><\/span>list)<\/span>;<\/span>\/\/\u5230\u8fd9\u91cc\u4f9d\u7136\u662f\u7ebf\u7a0b\u79c1\u6709\u7684，\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u52a0\u9501\u8fdb\u884c\u4fdd\u62a4<\/span><\/p>\n

mutex_lock<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>my_mutex)<\/span>;<\/span>\/\/\u8fd9\u91cc\u52a0\u9501<\/span><\/p>\n

list_add_tail<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>node-><\/span>list,<\/span> &<\/span>my_list_head)<\/span>;<\/span> \/\/\u63d2\u5165\u94fe\u8868<\/span><\/p>\n

printk<\/span>(<\/span>KERN_INFO "[CharDriver] \u6536\u5230\u7528\u6237\u6570\u636e: %d, \u5df2\u52a0\u5165\u94fe\u8868\\\\n"<\/span>,<\/span> user_val)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

mutex_unlock<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>my_mutex)<\/span>;<\/span>\/\/\u8fd9\u91cc\u89e3\u9501<\/span><\/p>\n

return<\/span> count;<\/span> \/\/\u544a\u8bc9\u7cfb\u7edf\u5904\u7406\u4e86\u591a\u5c11\u6570\u636e<\/span>
\n}<\/span><\/p>\n

\/\/\u5b9a\u4e49\u6587\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c\u96c6\u5408,\u628a\u51fd\u6570\u7ed1\u5b9a\u5230\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u4e0a<\/span>
\nstatic<\/span> const<\/span> struct<\/span> file_operations<\/span> my_fops =<\/span> {<\/span>
\n .<\/span>owner =<\/span> THIS_MODULE,<\/span>
\n .<\/span>write =<\/span> my_driver_write,<\/span> \/\/ \u7ed1\u5b9awrite\u64cd\u4f5c<\/span>
\n}<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

\/\/\u5b9a\u4e49\u6742\u9879\u8bbe\u5907\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53<\/span>
\nstatic<\/span> struct<\/span> miscdevice<\/span> my_misc_dev =<\/span> {<\/span>
\n .<\/span>minor =<\/span> MISC_DYNAMIC_MINOR,<\/span> \/\/ \u81ea\u52a8\u5206\u914d\u6b21\u8bbe\u5907\u53f7<\/span>
\n .<\/span>name =<\/span> "mylist"<\/span>,<\/span> \/\/ \u8bbe\u5907\u8282\u70b9\u540d\u79f0: \/dev\/mylist<\/span>
\n .<\/span>fops =<\/span> &<\/span>my_fops,<\/span> \/\/ \u7ed1\u5b9a\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u96c6\u5408<\/span>
\n}<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

\/\/\u6a21\u5757\u52a0\u8f7d<\/span>
\nstatic<\/span> int<\/span> __init my_driver_init<\/span>(<\/span>void<\/span>)<\/span>
\n{<\/span>
\n int<\/span> ret;<\/span><\/p>\n

\/\/\u6ce8\u518c\u6742\u9879\u8bbe\u5907<\/span>
\n ret =<\/span> misc_register<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>my_misc_dev)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n if<\/span> (<\/span>ret)<\/span>
\n {<\/span>
\n printk<\/span>(<\/span>KERN_ERR "\u65e0\u6cd5\u6ce8\u518c\u6742\u9879\u8bbe\u5907\\\\n"<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n return<\/span> ret;<\/span>
\n }<\/span><\/p>\n

printk<\/span>(<\/span>KERN_INFO "[CharDriver] \u6a21\u5757\u52a0\u8f7d\u6210\u529f！\u8bf7\u67e5\u770b \/dev\/mylist\\\\n"<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n return<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span>
\n}<\/span><\/p>\n

\/\/\u6a21\u5757\u5378\u8f7d<\/span>
\nstatic<\/span> void<\/span> __exit my_driver_exit<\/span>(<\/span>void<\/span>)<\/span>
\n{<\/span>
\n struct<\/span> my_node<\/span> *<\/span>ptr,<\/span> *<\/span>tmp;<\/span><\/p>\n

\/\/\u6ce8\u9500\u8bbe\u5907<\/span>
\n misc_deregister<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>my_misc_dev)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

\/\/\u6e05\u7406\u94fe\u8868\u5185\u5b58<\/span>
\n list_for_each_entry_safe<\/span>(<\/span>ptr,<\/span> tmp,<\/span> &<\/span>my_list_head,<\/span> list)<\/span>
\n {<\/span>
\n printk<\/span>(<\/span>KERN_INFO "[CharDriver] \u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9: %d\\\\n"<\/span>,<\/span> ptr-><\/span>val)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n list_del<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>ptr-><\/span>list)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n kfree<\/span>(<\/span>ptr)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n }<\/span>
\n printk<\/span>(<\/span>KERN_INFO "[CharDriver] \u518d\u89c1！\\\\n"<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n}<\/span><\/p>\n

module_init<\/span>(<\/span>my_driver_init)<\/span>;<\/span>
\nmodule_exit<\/span>(<\/span>my_driver_exit)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

MODULE_LICENSE<\/span>(<\/span>"GPL"<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\nMODULE_AUTHOR<\/span>(<\/span>"XLP"<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4e0b\u9762\u8be6\u7ec6\u8bb2\u89e3\u4e00\u4e0b\u8fd9\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801，\u4ece\u6211\u4eec\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u5f00\u59cb\u3002<\/p>\n

6.1.1 \u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u5b9a\u4e49<\/h4>\n

\u6211\u4eec\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e2d，\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u6570\u636e\u662f\u4e00\u4e2aint\u7c7b\u578b\u7684val，\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c31\u662f\u5185\u6838\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u6302\u94a9\u3002<\/p>\n

6.1.2 LIST_HEAD \u5b8f<\/h4>\n

\u4e0b\u4e00\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u662f\u5b9a\u4e49\u94fe\u8868\u5934：<\/p>\n

static<\/span> LIST_HEAD<\/span>(<\/span>my_list_head)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b8f\u5b9a\u4e49\u5728\u5185\u6838\u6e90\u7801\u76ee\u5f55include\/linux\/list.h\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u627e\u5230，\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe：<\/p>\n

\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\"<\/p>\n

\u56e0\u6b64，\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b8f\u5c31\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e：<\/p>\n

struct<\/span> list_head<\/span> my_list_head =<\/span> {<\/span> &<\/span>my_list_head,<\/span> &<\/span>my_list_head }<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2alist_head\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u53d8\u91cfmy_list_head，\u5e76\u5c06\u4ed6\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u6210\u5458next\u548cprev\u90fd\u8d4b\u503c\u4e3a&my_list_head，\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u540e，\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u6307\u9488\u90fd\u6307\u5411\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u672c\u8eab\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u5185\u6838\u4e2d\u7684\u60ef\u7528\u505a\u6cd5，\u8fd9\u6837\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u65e0\u8bba\u94fe\u8868\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u7a7a\u7684，\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u63d2\u5165\u65f6\u90fd\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u5224\u65ad\u3002<\/p>\n

6.1.3 DEFINE_MUTEX \u5b8f<\/h4>\n

static<\/span> DEFINE_MUTEX<\/span>(<\/span>my_mutex)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b8f\u5c55\u5f00\u540e，\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3amy_mutex\u7684\u4e92\u65a5\u9501，\u5e76\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e3a\u672a\u4e0a\u9501\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/p>\n

6.1.4 \u51fd\u6570 my_driver_write<\/h4>\n

\u5f53\u5728\u7528\u6237\u7a7a\u95f4\u6267\u884c echo "100" > \/dev\/mylist \u65f6，\u5185\u6838\u5c31\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u8c03\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n

char<\/span> kbuf[<\/span>32<\/span>]<\/span>;<\/span>
\n int<\/span> user_val;<\/span>
\n struct<\/span> my_node<\/span> *<\/span>node;<\/span><\/p>\n

kbuf\u6570\u7ec4\u662f\u5185\u6838\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u4e34\u65f6\u7f13\u51b2\u533a，\u7528\u6765\u63a5\u7528\u6237\u53d1\u6765\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3002user_val\u662f\u89e3\u6790\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u6574\u6570，\u7531\u4e8e\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u7684\u662f\u7528\u6237\u53d1\u6765\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32，\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u7528\u6765\u5b58\u653e\u7531\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u89e3\u6790\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u3002node\u662f\u6307\u5411\u65b0\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u6307\u9488\u3002<\/p>\n

if<\/span> (<\/span>copy_from_user<\/span>(<\/span>kbuf,<\/span> buf,<\/span> count)<\/span>)<\/span>
\n{<\/span>
\n return<\/span> –<\/span>EFAULT;<\/span>
\n}<\/span><\/p>\n

\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u53c2\u6570 buf \u662f\u7528\u6237\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u6307\u9488，\u5185\u6838\u4e0d\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u8bfb\u5199，\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5185\u5b58\u9694\u79bb\u4e14\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u7528copy_from_user\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u4ece\u7528\u6237\u7a7a\u95f4\u642c\u5230\u5185\u6838\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684kbuf\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u3002\u7136\u540e\u8981\u624b\u52a8\u52a0\u4e0a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7ed3\u675f\u7b26\u3002<\/p>\n

if<\/span> (<\/span>kstrtoint<\/span>(<\/span>kbuf,<\/span> 10<\/span>,<\/span> &<\/span>user_val)<\/span>)<\/span>
\n {<\/span>
\n return<\/span> –<\/span>EINVAL;<\/span>
\n }<\/span><\/p>\n

kstrtoint \u662f\u5185\u6838\u7248\u7684 atoi，\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32 "100" \u8f6c\u6210\u6574\u6570 100\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u53c2\u657010 \u8868\u793a\u5341\u8fdb\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n

node =<\/span> kmalloc<\/span>(<\/span>sizeof<\/span>(<\/span>struct<\/span> my_node<\/span>)<\/span>,<\/span> GFP_KERNEL)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

kmalloc \u662f\u5185\u6838\u7248\u7684 malloc\u3002GFP_KERNEL \u8868\u793a\u5206\u914d\u5185\u5b58\u65f6，\u5982\u679c\u5185\u5b58\u4e0d\u591f，\u5141\u8bb8\u5185\u6838\u8fdb\u884c\u7761\u7720\u7b49\u5f85，\u8fd9\u662f\u5e38\u89c4\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n

node-><\/span>val =<\/span> user_val;<\/span>
\nINIT_LIST_HEAD<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>node-><\/span>list)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

\u586b\u5165\u6570\u636e\u5e76\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u8282\u70b9\u91cc\u9762\u7684\u6302\u94a9\u3002<\/p>\n

mutex_lock<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>my_mutex)<\/span>;<\/span>
\nlist_add_tail<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>node-><\/span>list,<\/span> &<\/span>my_list_head)<\/span>;<\/span>
\nprintk<\/span>(<\/span>KERN_INFO "[CharDriver] \u6536\u5230\u7528\u6237\u6570\u636e: %d, \u5df2\u52a0\u5165\u94fe\u8868\\\\n"<\/span>,<\/span> user_val)<\/span>;<\/span>
\nmutex_unlock<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>my_mutex)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u91cc\u8981\u5f80\u94fe\u8868\u91cc\u9762\u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9\u4e86，\u9700\u8981\u52a0\u9501\u3002\u7136\u540e\u7528printk\u5411dmesg\u6253\u5370\u4e00\u4e2a\u6dfb\u52a0\u8282\u70b9\u6210\u529f\u7684\u6d88\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n

6.1.5 \u8bbe\u5907\u6ce8\u518c\u4fe1\u606f<\/h4>\n

static<\/span> const<\/span> struct<\/span> file_operations<\/span> my_fops =<\/span> {<\/span>
\n .<\/span>owner =<\/span> THIS_MODULE,<\/span>
\n .<\/span>write =<\/span> my_driver_write,<\/span>
\n}<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

static<\/span> struct<\/span> miscdevice<\/span> my_misc_dev =<\/span> {<\/span>
\n .<\/span>minor =<\/span> MISC_DYNAMIC_MINOR,<\/span>
\n .<\/span>name =<\/span> "mylist"<\/span>,<\/span>
\n .<\/span>fops =<\/span> &<\/span>my_fops,<\/span>
\n}<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

struct file_operations\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u7528\u6765\u7ba1\u7406\u6587\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u96c6\u5408，\u5b83\u4f1a\u544a\u8bc9\u5185\u6838\u5f53\u7528\u6237\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u6267\u884c\u67d0\u79cd\u64cd\u4f5c\u65f6，\u5bf9\u5e94\u8c03\u7528\u54ea\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u3002.owner = THIS_MODULE\u662f\u56fa\u5b9a\u5199\u6cd5，\u8868\u793a\u6307\u5411\u5f53\u524d\u6a21\u5757\u3002.write = my_driver_write\u7ed1\u5b9a\u4e86\u5199\u64cd\u4f5c，\u5f53\u7528\u6237\u5bf9\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u6267\u884c\u5199\u64cd\u4f5c\u65f6\u4f1a\u8c03\u7528my_driver_write\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u6ca1\u5199 .read，\u6240\u4ee5\u7528\u6237\u8bfb\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bbe\u5907\u65f6\u4f1a\u62a5\u9519\u6216\u8bfb\u4e0d\u5230\u4e1c\u897f，\u56e0\u4e3a\u538b\u6839\u5c31\u6ca1\u6709\u7ed1\u5b9a\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n

struct miscdevice\u662f\u6742\u9879\u8bbe\u5907\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53，\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u52a8\u5e2e\u6211\u4eec\u7ba1\u7406\u8bbe\u5907\u53f7，.minor = MISC_DYNAMIC_MINOR\u8ba9\u5185\u6838\u81ea\u52a8\u5206\u914d\u4e00\u4e2a\u6b21\u8bbe\u5907\u53f7\u3002.name = "mylist"\u662f\u8bbe\u5907\u540d\u5b57，\u52a0\u8f7d\u8be5\u6a21\u5757\u540e\u4f1a\u5728 \/dev\/ \u4e0b\u751f\u6210 \/dev\/mylist\u3002.fops = &my_fops\u7ed1\u5b9a\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u96c6\u5408\u3002<\/p>\n

6.1.6 \u6a21\u5757\u52a0\u8f7d\u4e0e\u5378\u8f7d\u51fd\u6570<\/h4>\n

\u6a21\u5757\u52a0\u8f7d\u51fd\u6570\u5728insmod\u65f6\u8c03\u7528，\u6a21\u5757\u5378\u8f7d\u51fd\u6570\u5728rmmod\u65f6\u8c03\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

int<\/span> ret =<\/span> misc_register<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>my_misc_dev)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5411\u5185\u6838\u6ce8\u518c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6742\u9879\u8bbe\u5907\u3002<\/p>\n

misc_deregister<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>my_misc_dev)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4ece\u5185\u6838\u6ce8\u9500\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bbe\u5907\u3002\u6267\u884c\u540e\/dev\/mylist \u4f1a\u6d88\u5931\u3002<\/p>\n

list_for_each_entry_safe\u7528\u6765\u904d\u5386\u94fe\u8868\u6e05\u7406\u5185\u5b58，\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b8f\u4f1a\u5728\u5904\u7406 ptr \u4e4b\u524d，\u5148\u628a\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u4fdd\u5b58\u5230 tmp \u91cc，\u8fd9\u6837\u5373\u4f7f\u6211\u4eec kfree(ptr) \u5220\u6389\u4e86\u5f53\u524d\u8282\u70b9，\u4e0b\u4e00\u8f6e\u5faa\u73af\u8fd8\u80fd\u627e\u5230\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8981\u5220\u9664\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n

6.1.7 \u5b8f\u6807\u8bb0<\/h4>\n

module_init<\/span>(<\/span>my_driver_init)<\/span>;<\/span>
\nmodule_exit<\/span>(<\/span>my_driver_exit)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

MODULE_LICENSE<\/span>(<\/span>"GPL"<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\nMODULE_AUTHOR<\/span>(<\/span>"XLP"<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

\u524d\u4e24\u884c\u544a\u8bc9\u5185\u6838\u5165\u53e3\u548c\u51fa\u53e3\u5206\u522b\u662f\u54ea\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u884c\u662f\u8bb8\u53ef\u8bc1，\u5fc5\u987b\u4e3aGPL，\u5426\u5219\u5185\u6838\u4f1a\u62a5\u8b66\u3002\u7b2c\u56db\u884c\u662f\u4f5c\u8005\u4fe1\u606f，\u5f15\u53f7\u91cc\u9762\u60f3\u586b\u4ec0\u4e48\u90fd\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n

6.2 \u7f16\u5199Makefile<\/h3>\n

# \u6a21\u5757\u540d\u79f0，\u5bf9\u5e94 .c \u6587\u4ef6\u540d
\nobj-m += simple_char_drv.o<\/p>\n

# \u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u8fd0\u884c\u5185\u6838\u7684\u8def\u5f84
\nKDIR := \/lib\/modules\/$(shell uname -r)\/build<\/p>\n

# \u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55
\nPWD := $(shell pwd)<\/p>\n

# \u9ed8\u8ba4\u76ee\u6807：\u7f16\u8bd1\u6a21\u5757
\nall:
\nmake -C $(KDIR) M=$(PWD) modules<\/p>\n

# \u6e05\u7406\u76ee\u6807
\nclean:
\nmake -C $(KDIR) M=$(PWD) clean<\/p>\n

6.3 \u8fd0\u884c\u4ee3\u7801<\/h3>\n

\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u6267\u884c\u4e0b\u9762\u547d\u4ee4，\u52a0\u8f7d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\u3002<\/p>\n

sudo<\/span> insmod simple_char_drv.ko<\/p>\n

\u7136\u540e\u67e5\u770b\u5185\u6838\u65e5\u5fd7\u7684\u6700\u540e\u51e0\u884c：<\/p>\n

sudo<\/span> dmesg<\/span> |<\/span> tail<\/span><\/p>\n

\u7ed3\u679c\u5982\u4e0b，\u6a21\u5757\u5df2\u7ecf\u52a0\u8f7d\u6210\u529f\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\"<\/p>\n

\u7136\u540e\u6267\u884c\u4e0b\u9762\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u770b\u8bbe\u5907：<\/p>\n

ls<\/span> -l \/dev\/mylist<\/p>\n

\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\"<\/p>\n

\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bbe\u5907\u5df2\u7ecf\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u91cc\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0b\u9762\u547d\u4ee4\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u6dfb\u52a0\u6743\u9650：<\/p>\n

sudo<\/span> chmod<\/span> 777<\/span> \/dev\/mylist<\/p>\n

\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\"<\/p>\n

\u7136\u540e\u5411\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u5199\u5165\u6570\u636e，\u5e76\u518d\u6b21\u67e5\u770b\u5185\u6838\u65e5\u5fd7：<\/p>\n

sudo<\/span> echo<\/span> "100"<\/span> ><\/span> \/dev\/mylist<\/p>\n

\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\"<\/p>\n

\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230，\u6570\u636e\u5df2\u7ecf\u6210\u529f\u52a0\u5165\u94fe\u8868\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53ef\u4ee5\u591a\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5199\u5165\u51e0\u6b21，\u7136\u540e\u5728\u5378\u8f7d\u6a21\u5757：<\/p>\n

sudo<\/span> rmmod simple_char_drv<\/p>\n

\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\"<\/p>\n

\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230，\u5378\u8f7d\u6a21\u5757\u65f6，\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\u548c\u91ca\u653e\u5185\u5b58\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u987a\u5229\u6267\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n

7. \u7ed3\u8bed<\/h2>\n

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