{"id":59252,"date":"2026-01-13T14:40:11","date_gmt":"2026-01-13T06:40:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/59252.html"},"modified":"2026-01-13T14:40:11","modified_gmt":"2026-01-13T06:40:11","slug":"%e3%80%90%e6%94%b6%e8%97%8f%e5%bf%85%e5%a4%87%e3%80%91%e5%a4%a7%e6%a8%a1%e5%9e%8b%e6%8a%80%e6%9c%af%e5%85%a8%e8%a7%a3%e6%9e%90%ef%bc%9a%e4%bb%8e%e6%9e%b6%e6%9e%84%e5%88%b0%e5%be%ae%e8%b0%83%ef%bc%8c","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/59252.html","title":{"rendered":"\u3010\u6536\u85cf\u5fc5\u5907\u3011\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u6280\u672f\u5168\u89e3\u6790\uff1a\u4ece\u67b6\u6784\u5230\u5fae\u8c03\uff0c\u4e00\u6587\u638c\u63e1\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u6838\u5fc3\u77e5\u8bc6"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u672c\u6587\u7cfb\u7edf\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u53d1\u5c55\u5386\u7a0b\u3001\u5206\u7c7b\u53ca\u6838\u5fc3\u6280\u672f&#xff0c;\u6db5\u76d6\u57fa\u7840\u6a21\u578b\u3001\u901a\u7528\u6a21\u578b\u548c\u63a8\u7406\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u533a\u522b&#xff0c;\u8be6\u7ec6\u89e3\u6790\u4e86Transformer\u67b6\u6784\u3001MOE\u67b6\u6784\u4ee5\u53ca\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u3001\u5fae\u8c03\u3001\u5bf9\u9f50\u7b49\u6784\u5efa\u6d41\u7a0b\u3002\u7279\u522b\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86DeepSeek-V3\u548cDeepSeek-R1\u4e24\u79cd\u5178\u578b\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u4e0e\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f&#xff0c;\u4ee5\u53ca\u6307\u4ee4\u5fae\u8c03\u3001RLHF\u7b49\u5173\u952e\u6280\u672f&#xff0c;\u4e3a\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5168\u9762\u7684\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u5b66\u4e60\u6307\u5357\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u4e00\u3001\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u53d1\u5c55\u5386\u7a0b<\/h3>\n<p>\u5927\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u5386\u7a0b\u867d\u7136\u53ea\u6709\u4e0d\u52305\u5e74&#xff0c;\u4f46\u662f\u53d1\u5c55\u901f\u5ea6\u76f8\u5f53\u60ca\u4eba&#xff0c;\u622a\u81f32025\u5e742\u6708&#xff0c;\u56fd\u5185\u5916\u6709\u8d85\u8fc7\u767e\u79cd\u5927\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u76f8\u7ee7\u53d1\u5e03\u3002\u7279\u522b\u662f2024\u5e7412\u6708DeepSeekV3\u548c2025\u5e741\u6708DeepSeek R1\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u5f00\u6e90&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5728\u8bad\u7ec3\u6548\u7387\u548c\u601d\u8003\u63a8\u7406\u4e0a\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u7a81\u7834&#xff0c;\u8fd8\u8d62\u5f97\u4e86\u56fd\u9645\u793e\u4f1a\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u6280\u672f\u7684\u9ad8\u5ea6\u8ba4\u53ef\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u6c11\u5927\u5b66\u8d75\u946b\u6559\u6388\u56e2\u961f\u5728\u300a\u5927\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u300b\u4e66\u4e2d\u6309\u7167\u65f6\u95f4\u7ebf\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e862019\u5e74\u81f32024 \u5e746\u6708\u6bd4\u8f83\u6709\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u5e76\u4e14\u6a21\u578b\u53c2\u6570\u91cf\u8d85\u8fc7100\u4ebf\u4e2a\u7684\u5927\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u6b64\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u6269\u5c55\u52302025\u5e74 2 \u6708&#xff0c;\u5982\u56fe1.2\u6240\u793a\u3002\u5927\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u53ef\u4ee5\u7c97\u7565\u5730\u5206\u4e3a\u5982\u4e0b\u4e09\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5&#xff1a;\u57fa\u7840\u6a21\u578b\u9636\u6bb5\u3001\u80fd\u529b\u63a2\u7d22\u9636\u6bb5\u548c\u7a81\u7834\u53d1\u5c55\u9636\u6bb5\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/20260113063959-6965e8bff2044.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u57fa\u7840\u6a21\u578b\u9636\u6bb5\u4e3b\u8981\u96c6\u4e2d\u4e8e2018\u5e74\u81f32021\u5e74\u3002<\/p>\n<p>2017\u5e74&#xff0c;Vaswani \u7b49\u4eba\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86Transformer\u67b6\u6784&#xff0c;\u5728\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4efb\u52a1\u4e0a\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u7a81\u7834\u6027\u8fdb\u5c55\u3002<\/p>\n<p>2018\u5e74&#xff0c;Google\u548cOpenAI\u5206\u522b\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86BERT\u548cGPT-1 \u6a21\u578b&#xff0c;\u5f00\u542f\u4e86\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u65f6\u4ee3\u3002BERT-Base\u7248\u672c\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u91cf\u4e3a1.1\u4ebf\u4e2a&#xff0c;BERT-Large\u7248 \u672c\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u91cf\u4e3a3.4\u4ebf\u4e2a&#xff0c;GPT-1\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u91cf\u4e3a1.17\u4ebf\u4e2a\u3002\u8fd9\u5728\u5f53\u65f6&#xff0c;\u6bd4\u5176\u4ed6\u6df1\u5ea6\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u91cf&#xff0c;\u5df2\u7ecf\u6709\u4e86\u6570\u91cf\u7ea7\u4e0a\u7684\u63d0\u5347\u3002<\/p>\n<p>2019\u5e74OpenAI\u53d1\u5e03\u4e86GPT-2&#xff0c;\u5176\u53c2\u6570\u91cf\u8fbe\u523015\u4ebf\u4e2a\u3002\u6b64\u540e&#xff0c;Google \u4e5f\u53d1\u5e03\u4e86\u53c2\u6570\u89c4\u6a21\u4e3a110\u4ebf\u4e2a\u7684T5\u6a21\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>2020\u5e74&#xff0c;OpenAI\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5c06\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u91cf\u6269\u5c55\u52301750\u4ebf\u4e2a&#xff0c;\u53d1\u5e03\u4e86GPT-3\u3002\u6b64\u540e&#xff0c;\u56fd\u5185\u4e5f\u76f8\u7ee7\u63a8\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u5927\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b&#xff0c;\u5305\u62ec\u6e05\u534e\u5927\u5b66\u7684 ERNIE\u3001\u767e\u5ea6\u7684ERNIE\u3001\u534e\u4e3a\u7684PanGU-\u03b1\u7b49\u3002\u6b64\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e3b\u8981\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u672c\u8eab&#xff0c;\u5bf9\u4ec5\u7f16\u7801\u5668&#xff08;EncoderOnly&#xff09;\u3001\u7f16\u7801\u5668-\u89e3\u7801\u5668&#xff08;Encoder-Decoder&#xff09;\u3001\u4ec5\u89e3\u7801\u5668&#xff08;DecoderOnly&#xff09;\u7b49\u5404\u79cd \u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u7ed3\u6784\u90fd\u6709\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u6a21\u578b\u5927\u5c0f\u4e0eBERT\u7c7b\u4f3c&#xff0c;\u901a\u5e38\u91c7\u7528\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u5fae\u8c03\u8303\u5f0f&#xff0c;\u9488\u5bf9\u4e0d\u540c \u4e0b\u6e38\u4efb\u52a1\u8fdb\u884c\u5fae\u8c03\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6a21\u578b\u53c2\u6570\u91cf\u5927\u90fd\u572810\u4ebf\u4e2a\u4ee5\u4e0a&#xff0c;\u7531\u4e8e\u5fae\u8c03\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u91cf\u5f88\u5927&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u7c7b\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u5f71 \u54cd\u529b\u5728\u5f53\u65f6\u76f8\u8f83BERT\u7c7b\u6a21\u578b\u6709\u4e0d\u5c0f\u7684\u5dee\u8ddd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u80fd\u529b\u63a2\u7d22\u9636\u6bb5\u96c6\u4e2d\u4e8e2019\u5e74\u81f32022\u5e74\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7531\u4e8e\u5927\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u5f88\u96be\u9488\u5bf9\u7279\u5b9a\u4efb\u52a1\u8fdb\u884c\u5fae\u8c03&#xff0c;\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u5f00\u59cb\u63a2\u7d22\u5728\u4e0d\u9488\u5bf9\u5355\u4e00\u4efb\u52a1\u8fdb\u884c\u5fae\u8c03\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u5982\u4f55\u53d1\u6325\u5927\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u30022019\u5e74&#xff0c;Radford \u7b49\u4eba\u5728\u6587\u732e\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528GPT-2\u6a21\u578b\u7814\u7a76\u4e86\u5927\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u5728\u96f6\u6837\u672c\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u5904\u7406\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u5728\u6b64\u57fa\u7840 \u4e0a&#xff0c;Brown\u7b49\u4eba\u5728GPT-3\u6a21\u578b\u4e0a\u7814\u7a76\u4e86\u901a\u8fc7\u8bed\u5883\u5b66\u4e60\u8fdb\u884c\u5c11\u6837\u672c\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5&#xff0c;\u5c06\u4e0d\u540c\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u5c11\u91cf\u6709\u6807\u6ce8\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\u62fc\u63a5\u5230\u5f85\u5206\u6790\u7684\u6837\u672c\u4e4b\u524d\u8f93\u5165\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b&#xff0c;\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u6839\u636e\u5b9e\u4f8b\u7406\u89e3\u4efb\u52a1\u5e76\u7ed9\u51fa\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u57fa\u4e8eGPT-3\u7684\u8bed\u5883\u5b66\u4e60\u5728TriviaQA\u3001WebQS\u3001CoQA\u7b49\u8bc4\u6d4b\u96c6\u5408\u4e2d\u90fd\u5c55\u793a\u51fa\u4e86\u975e\u5e38\u5f3a\u7684\u80fd\u529b&#xff0c;\u5728\u6709\u4e9b\u4efb\u52a1\u4e2d\u751a\u81f3\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e86\u6b64\u524d\u7684\u6709\u76d1\u7763\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u4e0a\u8ff0\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u4fee\u6539\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u53c2\u6570&#xff0c;\u6a21\u578b\u5728\u5904\u7406\u4e0d\u540c\u4efb\u52a1\u65f6\u65e0\u987b\u82b1\u8d39\u5927\u91cf\u8ba1\u7b97\u8d44\u6e90\u8fdb\u884c\u6a21\u578b\u5fae\u8c03\u3002\u4ec5\u4f9d\u8d56\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u672c\u8eab&#xff0c;\u5176\u6027\u80fd\u5728\u5f88\u591a\u4efb\u52a1\u4e0a\u4ecd\u7136\u5f88\u96be\u8fbe\u5230\u6709\u76d1\u7763\u5b66\u4e60&#xff08;SupervisedLearning&#xff09;\u7684\u6548\u679c&#xff0c;\u56e0\u6b64\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u6307\u4ee4\u5fae\u8c03\u65b9 \u6848&#xff0c;\u5c06\u5927\u91cf\u5404\u7c7b\u578b\u4efb\u52a1\u7edf\u4e00\u4e3a\u751f\u6210\u5f0f\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u7406\u89e3\u6846\u67b6&#xff0c;\u5e76\u6784\u9020\u8bad\u7ec3\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u5fae\u8c03\u3002\u5927\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u80fd\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u5b66\u4e60\u6570\u5343\u79cd\u4efb\u52a1&#xff0c;\u5e76\u5728\u672a\u77e5\u4efb\u52a1\u4e0a\u5c55\u73b0\u51fa\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u6cdb\u5316\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>2022\u5e74&#xff0c;Ouyang\u7b49\u4eba\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4f7f\u7528\u201c\u6709\u76d1\u7763\u5fae\u8c03&#043;\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u201d\u7684InstructGPT\u65b9\u6cd5&#xff0c;\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u4f7f\u7528\u5c11\u91cf\u6709\u76d1\u7763\u6570\u636e\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u5927\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u670d\u4ece\u4eba\u7c7b\u6307\u4ee4\u3002Nakano\u7b49\u4eba\u5219\u63a2\u7d22\u4e86\u7ed3\u5408\u641c\u7d22\u5f15\u64ce\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u56de\u7b54\u65b9\u6cd5WebGPT\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5 \u5728\u76f4\u63a5\u5229\u7528\u5927\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u8fdb\u884c\u96f6\u6837\u672c\u548c\u5c11\u6837\u672c\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a&#xff0c;\u9010\u6e10\u6269\u5c55\u4e3a\u5229\u7528\u751f\u6210\u5f0f\u6846\u67b6\u9488\u5bf9\u5927\u91cf\u4efb\u52a1\u8fdb\u884c\u6709\u76d1\u7763\u5fae\u8c03\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5&#xff0c;\u6709\u6548\u63d0\u5347\u4e86\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7a81\u7834\u53d1\u5c55\u9636\u6bb5\u4ee52022\u5e7411\u6708ChatGPT\u7684\u53d1\u5e03\u4e3a\u8d77\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n<p>ChatGPT\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u5bf9\u8bdd\u6846&#xff0c;\u5229\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u95ee\u9898\u56de\u7b54\u3001\u6587\u7a3f\u64b0\u5199\u3001\u4ee3\u7801\u751f\u6210\u3001\u6570\u5b66\u89e3\u9898\u7b49\u8fc7\u53bb\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u9700\u8981\u5927\u91cf\u5c0f\u6a21\u578b\u5b9a\u5236\u5f00\u53d1\u624d\u80fd\u5206\u522b\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u5b83\u5728\u5f00\u653e\u9886\u57df\u95ee\u7b54\u3001\u5404\u7c7b\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u751f\u6210\u5f0f\u4efb\u52a1\u53ca\u5bf9\u8bdd\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u7406\u89e3\u4e0a\u6240\u5c55\u73b0\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u8fdc\u8d85\u5927\u591a\u6570\u4eba\u7684\u60f3\u8c61\u30022023\u5e743\u6708GPT-4\u53d1\u5e03&#xff0c;\u76f8\u8f83\u4e8e ChatGPT&#xff0c;GPT-4 \u6709\u975e\u5e38\u660e\u663e\u7684\u8fdb\u6b65&#xff0c;\u5e76\u5177\u5907\u4e86\u591a\u6a21\u6001\u7406\u89e3\u80fd\u529b\u3002GPT-4\u5728\u591a\u79cd\u57fa\u51c6\u8003\u8bd5\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e0a\u7684\u5f97\u5206\u9ad8\u4e8e88%\u7684\u5e94\u8bd5\u8005&#xff0c;\u5305\u62ec\u7f8e\u56fd\u5f8b\u5e08\u8d44\u683c\u8003\u8bd5&#xff08;UniformBarExam&#xff09;\u3001\u6cd5\u5b66\u9662\u5165\u5b66\u8003\u8bd5&#xff08;Law School Admission Test&#xff09;\u3001\u5b66\u672f\u80fd\u529b\u8bc4\u4f30&#xff08;Scholastic Assessment Test&#xff0c;SAT&#xff09;\u7b49\u3002GPT-4o \u662fOpenAI \u4e8e2024\u5e745\u6708\u53d1\u5e03\u7684\u591a\u6a21\u6001\u5927\u6a21\u578b&#xff0c;\u5176\u4e2d\u201co\u201d\u4ee3\u8868\u201comni\u201d\u5373\u201c\u5168\u80fd\u201d\u3002\u5b83\u80fd\u63a5\u53d7\u6587\u672c\u3001\u97f3\u9891\u548c\u56fe\u50cf\u7ec4\u5408\u8f93\u5165\u5e76\u751f\u6210\u6587\u672c\u3001\u97f3\u9891\u548c\u56fe\u50cf\u7684\u4efb\u610f\u7ec4\u5408\u8f93\u51fa&#xff0c;\u53ef\u5904\u740650\u79cd\u8bed\u8a00&#xff0c;\u5728232\u6beb\u79d2\u5185\u5bf9\u97f3\u9891\u8f93\u5165\u505a\u51fa\u53cd\u5e94&#xff0c;\u6027\u80fd\u8f83GPT-4\u6709\u663e\u8457\u63d0\u5347\u30022024\u5e749\u6708OpenAI\u53c8\u63a8\u51fa\u7684\u5168\u65b0\u63a8\u7406\u6a21\u578bGPT-o1&#xff0c; \u5728\u590d\u6742\u63a8\u7406\u4efb\u52a1\u4e0a\u8868\u73b0\u5353\u8d8a&#xff0c;\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7\u5185\u90e8\u601d\u7ef4\u94fe\u6a21\u62df\u4eba\u7c7b\u601d\u8003&#xff0c;\u5728\u6570\u5b66\u3001\u79d1\u5b66\u7b49\u9886\u57df\u8d85\u8d8a\u4eba\u7c7b\u4e13\u5bb6\u53caGPT-4o\u3002\u56fd\u5185\u5916\u5404\u5927\u516c\u53f8\u548c\u7814\u7a76\u673a\u6784\u76f8\u7ee7\u53d1\u5e03\u4e86\u6b64\u7c7b\u7cfb\u7edf&#xff0c;\u5305\u62ec\u590d\u65e6\u5927\u5b66\u7684MOSS\u3001\u963f\u91cc\u5df4\u5df4\u7684Qwen\u3001\u6df1\u5ea6\u6c42\u7d22\u7684DeepSeek\u3001Google\u7684Gemini\u3001XAI\u7684Grok\u3001\u79d1\u5927\u8baf\u98de\u7684\u661f\u706b\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u3001\u667a\u8c31\u7684ChatGLM\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u88681.1 \u548c\u88681.2 \u5206\u522b\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u622a\u81f32025\u5e742\u6708\u5178\u578b\u5f00\u6e90\u548c\u95ed\u6e90\u5927\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230&#xff0c;\u4ece2022\u5e74\u5f00\u59cb&#xff0c;\u5927\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u5448\u7206\u53d1\u5f0f\u7684\u589e\u957f&#xff0c;\u5404\u5927\u516c\u53f8\u548c\u7814\u7a76\u673a\u6784\u90fd\u5728\u53d1\u5e03\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u5927\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u6a21\u578b\u7c7b\u578b\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u57fa\u7840\u6a21\u578b\u662f\u6307\u4ec5\u7ecf\u8fc7\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u7684\u6a21\u578b&#xff1b;\u5bf9\u8bdd\u6a21\u578b\u662f\u6307\u5728\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u6a21\u578b\u57fa \u7840\u4e0a\u7ecf\u8fc7\u6709\u76d1\u7763\u5fae\u8c03\u548c\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u8bad\u7ec3\u7684\u6a21\u578b&#xff0c;\u5177\u5907\u5bf9\u8bdd\u548c\u5b8c\u6210\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u80fd\u529b&#xff1b;\u63a8\u7406\u6a21\u578b\u662f\u6307\u4e13\u6ce8\u4e8e\u903b\u8f91\u63a8\u7406\u589e\u5f3a\u7684\u5927\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/20260113064000-6965e8c040ba5.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/20260113064000-6965e8c0ddc00.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/20260113064001-6965e8c153a68.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<h3>\u4e8c\u3001\u57fa\u7840\u6a21\u578b\u3001\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u3001\u901a\u7528\u6a21\u578b\u548c\u63a8\u7406\u6a21\u578b<\/h3>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u770b\u5230\u67d0\u6a21\u578b\u7814\u53d1\u673a\u6784\u5f00\u6e90\u4e86 base \u6a21\u578b\u3001 chat \u6a21\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>base \u6a21\u578b&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u57fa\u7840\u6a21\u578b&#xff0c;\u662f\u5728\u6d77\u91cf\u4e0d\u540c\u6587\u672c\u4e0a\u8bad\u7ec3\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u540e\u7eed\u6587\u672c\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u540e\u7eed\u6587\u672c\u672a\u5fc5\u662f\u5bf9\u6307\u4ee4\u548c\u5bf9\u8bdd\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/20260113064002-6965e8c20995f.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<p>chat \u6a21\u578b&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5bf9\u8bdd\u6a21\u578b&#xff0c;\u662f\u5728 base \u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u8bdd\u8bb0\u5f55&#xff08;\u6307\u4ee4 &#8211; \u54cd\u5e94&#xff09;\u7ee7\u7eed\u505a\u5fae\u8c03\u548c\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60&#xff0c;\u8ba9\u5b83\u63a5\u53d7\u6307\u4ee4\u548c\u7528\u6237\u5bf9\u8bdd\u65f6&#xff0c;\u7eed\u5199\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u662f\u9075\u5faa\u6307\u4ee4\u7684&#xff0c;\u4eba\u7c7b\u9884\u671f\u7684 assistant \u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/20260113064002-6965e8c22833a.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u6b64\u57fa\u7840\u4e4b\u4e0a&#xff0c;\u53c8\u5f15\u51fa\u901a\u7528\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u548c\u63a8\u7406\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u901a\u7528\u5927\u6a21\u578b&#xff0c;\u66f4\u4e25\u8c28\u7684\u53eb\u6cd5\u662f\u6307\u4ee4\u5927\u6a21\u578b&#xff0c;\u5b83\u7684\u4f18\u70b9\u662f\u54cd\u5e94\u7528\u6237\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u6781\u5feb&#xff0c;\u5e76\u4e14\u5bf9\u591a\u6a21\u6001&#xff08;\u8bed\u97f3\u3001\u56fe\u7247\u3001\u89c6\u9891\u7b49&#xff09;\u7684\u652f\u6301\u975e\u5e38\u597d&#xff0c;\u66f4\u9002\u5408\u5904\u7406\u56fa\u5b9a\u3001\u89c4\u5f8b\u3001\u4e0d\u592a\u9700\u8981\u5f3a\u5927\u63a8\u7406\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u4efb\u52a1&#xff0c;\u6bd4\u5982\u5927\u6587\u672c\u3001\u6d77\u91cf\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5904\u7406\u7b49\u3002\u901a\u7528\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u7f3a\u70b9\u5728\u751f\u6210\u6548\u679c\u65b9\u9762&#xff0c;\u6216\u8005\u8bf4\u5b83\u7ed9\u7684\u56de\u7b54\u5f88\u4f9d\u8d56\u6307\u4ee4\u3002\u4f60\u751a\u81f3\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u6b65\u4e00\u6b65\u5730\u544a\u8bc9\u5b83\u5177\u4f53\u600e\u4e48\u505a&#xff0c;\u4f60\u544a\u77e5\u5f97\u8d8a\u6e05\u6670&#xff0c;\u5199\u63d0\u793a\u8bcd\u7684\u6280\u672f\u8d8a\u9ad8\u8d85&#xff0c;\u5b83\u7ed9\u4f60\u7684\u53cd\u9988\u5c31\u8d8a\u597d\u3002\u5426\u5219&#xff0c;\u901a\u7528\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u53ef\u80fd\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u5806\u6587\u5b57\u5783\u573e&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u80fd\u5f88\u597d\u5730\u5904\u7406\u521b\u610f\u6027\u3001\u53d1\u6563\u6027\u3001\u601d\u7ef4\u5c42\u6b21\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u5f53\u7136&#xff0c;\u63a8\u7406\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u7f3a\u70b9\u4e5f\u975e\u5e38\u660e\u663e&#xff0c;\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u5728\u6b63\u5f0f\u56de\u7b54\u4f60\u4e4b\u524d&#xff0c;\u8981\u5bf9\u4f60\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u505a\u590d\u6742\u7684\u63a8\u7406&#xff0c;\u6240\u4ee5\u54cd\u5e94\u901f\u5ea6\u5f80\u5f80\u6bd4\u901a\u7528\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u6162\u3002\u622a\u81f3 2025 \u5e74 3 \u6708\u5b83\u5bf9\u591a\u6a21\u6001\u548c\u5927\u6587\u672c\u7684\u5904\u7406\u8fd8\u975e\u5e38\u5403\u529b&#xff0c;\u51e0\u4e4e\u6ca1\u6709\u529e\u6cd5\u5b8c\u6210\u89c4\u6a21\u6027\u4efb\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u63a8\u7406\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u5219\u4e13\u6ce8\u4e8e\u590d\u6742\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u63a8\u7406\u548c\u591a\u6b65\u63a8\u5bfc\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u601d\u7ef4\u94fe&#xff08;Chain of Thought, CoT&#xff09;\u7b49\u6280\u672f\u4f18\u5316&#xff0c;\u63a8\u7406\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u6570\u5b66\u63a8\u5bfc\u3001\u4ee3\u7801\u751f\u6210\u3001\u590d\u6742\u95ee\u9898\u62c6\u89e3\u7b49\u4efb\u52a1\u4e2d\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u8272\u3002\u4f8b\u5982&#xff0c;\u5728\u9700\u8981\u591a\u6b65\u9aa4\u903b\u8f91\u63a8\u7406\u7684\u573a\u666f&#xff0c;\u5982\u79d1\u5b66\u8ba1\u7b97\u3001\u8bba\u6587\u751f\u6210\u6216\u8de8\u9886\u57df\u95ee\u9898\u89e3\u51b3\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u63a8\u7406\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u80fd\u591f\u63d0\u4f9b\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u51c6\u786e\u6027\u548c\u6df1\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee5 DeepSeek-V3 \u548c DeepSeek-R1 \u4e3a\u4f8b&#xff0c;\u8be6\u7ec6\u5206\u6790\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u3001\u533a\u522b\u53ca\u9002\u7528\u573a\u5408\u3002<\/p>\n<p>DeepSeek-V3 \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5178\u578b\u7684\u901a\u7528\u5927\u6a21\u578b&#xff0c;\u91c7\u7528\u6df7\u5408\u4e13\u5bb6&#xff08;MoE, Mixture of Experts&#xff09;\u67b6\u6784&#xff0c;\u603b\u53c2\u6570\u89c4\u6a21\u8fbe 671B&#xff0c;\u4f46\u5728\u5904\u7406\u6bcf\u4e2a token \u65f6\u4ec5\u6fc0\u6d3b 37B \u53c2\u6570&#xff0c;\u901a\u8fc7\u521b\u65b0\u6280\u672f\u5b9e\u73b0\u9ad8\u6548\u8ba1\u7b97\u8d44\u6e90\u5229\u7528\u3002\u5b83\u5728\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u3001\u77e5\u8bc6\u95ee\u7b54\u3001\u5185\u5bb9\u751f\u6210\u7b49\u591a\u4efb\u52a1\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u8272&#xff0c;\u5c24\u5176\u64c5\u957f\u591a\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u548c\u5e38\u89c4\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u7406\u89e3\u4efb\u52a1\u3002DeepSeek-V3 \u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u63d0\u4f9b\u9ad8\u6027\u4ef7\u6bd4\u7684 AI \u670d\u52a1&#xff0c;\u6ee1\u8db3\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u5546\u4e1a\u548c\u7814\u7a76\u9700\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n<p>DeepSeek-R1\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5178\u578b\u7684\u63a8\u7406\u5927\u6a21\u578b&#xff0c;\u63a8\u7406\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u66f4\u4e13\u6ce8\u4e8e\u903b\u8f91\u63a8\u7406\u3001\u6570\u5b66\u8ba1\u7b97\u3001\u4ee3\u7801\u751f\u6210\u7b49\u9700\u8981\u6df1\u5ea6\u601d\u8003\u548c\u5206\u6790\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u3002DeepSeek-R1 \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5178\u578b\u7684\u63a8\u7406\u5927\u6a21\u578b&#xff0c;\u57fa\u4e8e DeepSeek-V3-Base \u6a21\u578b\u8bad\u7ec3&#xff0c;\u91c7\u7528\u4e86\u7eaf\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60&#xff08;RL,Reinforcement Learning&#xff09;\u8bad\u7ec3\u8303\u5f0f&#xff0c;\u5f00\u8f9f\u4e86\u4e00\u6761\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\u8def\u5f84\u3002\u5b83\u901a\u8fc7\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u6280\u672f&#xff0c;\u5728\u6781\u5c11\u4eba\u5de5\u6807\u6ce8\u6570\u636e\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u663e\u8457\u63d0\u5347\u4e86\u63a8\u7406\u80fd\u529b&#xff0c;\u5c24\u5176\u5728\u6570\u5b66\u3001\u4ee3\u7801\u751f\u6210\u548c\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u63a8\u7406\u7b49\u4efb\u52a1\u4e0a\u8868\u73b0\u5353\u8d8a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>DeepSeek-R1 \u5728\u8bad\u7ec3\u4e2d\u5c55\u73b0\u51fa\u81ea\u6211\u53cd\u601d\u3001\u8bc4\u4f30\u5148\u524d\u6b65\u9aa4\u3001\u81ea\u53d1\u5bfb\u627e\u66ff\u4ee3\u65b9\u6848\u7b49\u590d\u6742\u884c\u4e3a&#xff0c;\u5177\u5907\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\u63a8\u7406\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u5728\u8bc4\u6d4b\u7684\u699c\u5355&#xff08;\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bc4\u6d4b\u4e00\u822c\u6ce8\u91cd\u7684\u662f\u7ed3\u679c&#xff0c;\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u65f6\u95f4&#xff09;\u4e0aDeepSeek-R1\u7684\u5206\u6570\u662f\u9ad8\u4e8eDeepSeek-V3\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>DeepSeek-V3 \u548c DeepSeek-R1 \u90fd\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u7840\u67b6\u6784&#xff0c;\u4f46\u5b83\u4eec\u5728\u8bbe\u8ba1\u76ee\u6807\u3001\u8bad\u7ec3\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u6027\u80fd\u8868\u73b0\u4e0a\u5b58\u5728\u663e\u8457\u5dee\u5f02&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<h4>1 \u8bbe\u8ba1\u76ee\u6807<\/h4>\n<p>DeepSeek-V3&#xff1a;\u65e8\u5728\u63d0\u4f9b\u9ad8\u6548\u3001\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848&#xff0c;\u6ce8\u91cd\u7efc\u5408\u573a\u666f\u7684\u9002\u7528\u6027&#xff0c;\u9762\u5411\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u5546\u4e1a\u548c\u7814\u7a76\u9700\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n<p>DeepSeek-R1&#xff1a;\u4e13\u6ce8\u4e8e\u63d0\u5347\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u63a8\u7406\u80fd\u529b&#xff0c;\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728\u6570\u5b66\u3001\u4ee3\u7801\u548c\u903b\u8f91\u63a8\u7406\u7b49\u9ad8\u96be\u5ea6\u4efb\u52a1\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u8ffd\u6c42\u6df1\u5ea6\u601d\u8003\u548c\u5206\u6790\u7684\u9876\u5c16\u8868\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>2 \u8bad\u7ec3\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h4>\n<p>DeepSeek-V3&#xff1a;\u91c7\u7528\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u7ed3\u5408\u76d1\u7763\u5fae\u8c03&#xff08;SFT, Supervised Fine-Tuning&#xff09;\u8303\u5f0f&#xff0c;\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u6df7\u5408\u4e13\u5bb6\u67b6\u6784\u4f18\u5316\u8bad\u7ec3\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n<p>DeepSeek-R1&#xff1a;\u5728 DeepSeek-V3-Base \u57fa\u7840\u4e0a&#xff0c;\u901a\u8fc7\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u4ece\u57fa\u7840\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\u6fc0\u53d1\u63a8\u7406\u80fd\u529b&#xff0c;\u91c7\u7528\u521b\u65b0\u6280\u672f\u5982\u51b7\u542f\u52a8\u7b56\u7565\u548c\u7fa4\u4f53\u76f8\u5bf9\u7b56\u7565\u4f18\u5316&#xff08;GRPO, Group Relative Policy Optimization&#xff09;\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>3 \u6027\u80fd\u8868\u73b0<\/h4>\n<p>DeepSeek-V3&#xff1a;\u5728\u901a\u7528\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u4efb\u52a1\u4e2d\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u8272&#xff0c;\u5c24\u5176\u5728\u54cd\u5e94\u901f\u5ea6\u548c\u591a\u8bed\u8a00\u7406\u89e3\u65b9\u9762\u5177\u6709\u4f18\u52bf\u3002<\/p>\n<p>DeepSeek-R1&#xff1a;\u5728\u590d\u6742\u63a8\u7406\u4efb\u52a1\u9886\u57df\u8868\u73b0\u5353\u8d8a&#xff0c;\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728\u6570\u5b66\u63a8\u7406\u3001\u4ee3\u7801\u751f\u6210\u548c\u903b\u8f91\u63a8\u7406\u7b49\u4efb\u52a1\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u6027\u80fd\u8d85\u8d8a\u8bb8\u591a\u540c\u7c7b\u6a21\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>4 \u8d44\u6e90\u6d88\u8017<\/h4>\n<p>DeepSeek-V3&#xff1a;\u7531\u4e8e MoE \u67b6\u6784\u7684\u4f18\u5316&#xff0c;\u8ba1\u7b97\u6210\u672c\u8f83\u4f4e&#xff0c;\u8d44\u6e90\u6d88\u8017\u8f83\u5c11&#xff0c;\u9002\u5408\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u90e8\u7f72\u548c\u5e76\u53d1\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n<p>DeepSeek-R1&#xff1a;\u867d\u7136\u4e5f\u91c7\u7528 MoE \u67b6\u6784&#xff0c;\u4f46\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u4f18\u5316\u7684\u63a8\u7406\u8fc7\u7a0b\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u591a\u8ba1\u7b97\u8d44\u6e90\u652f\u6301\u590d\u6742\u601d\u8003\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u8bf4\u8bdd\u5c31\u5148\u201c\u601d\u8003\u201d<\/p>\n<p>DeepSeek-V3 \u7684\u9002\u7528\u573a\u5408<\/p>\n<p>\u7531\u4e8e\u5176\u901a\u7528\u6027\u3001\u9ad8\u6027\u4ef7\u6bd4\u548c\u5feb\u901f\u54cd\u5e94\u7684\u7279\u70b9&#xff0c;DeepSeek-V3 \u5e7f\u6cdb\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u4ee5\u4e0b\u573a\u666f&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5185\u5bb9\u521b\u4f5c&#xff1a;\u5e2e\u52a9\u81ea\u5a92\u4f53\u521b\u4f5c\u8005\u5feb\u901f\u751f\u6210\u7ed3\u6784\u6e05\u6670\u3001\u5185\u5bb9\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5bf9\u8bdd\u7cfb\u7edf&#xff1a;\u652f\u6301\u667a\u80fd\u5ba2\u670d\u548c\u804a\u5929\u673a\u5668\u4eba&#xff0c;\u80fd\u591f\u51c6\u786e\u7406\u89e3\u7528\u6237\u95ee\u9898\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u5408\u9002\u56de\u7b54\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u4fe1\u606f\u68c0\u7d22\u4e0e\u95ee\u7b54&#xff1a;\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u590d\u6742\u95ee\u9898\u89e3\u7b54\u548c\u4fe1\u606f\u63d0\u53d6&#xff0c;\u5e2e\u52a9\u79d1\u7814\u4eba\u5458\u4ece\u6d77\u91cf\u6587\u732e\u4e2d\u7b5b\u9009\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u591a\u8bed\u8a00\u7ffb\u8bd1&#xff1a;\u652f\u6301\u591a\u8bed\u8a00\u6587\u6863\u5904\u7406\u548c\u5b9e\u65f6\u7ffb\u8bd1&#xff0c;\u6ee1\u8db3\u56fd\u9645\u5316\u9700\u6c42\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u6559\u80b2\u8f85\u5bfc&#xff1a;\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e2a\u6027\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u8f85\u5bfc&#xff0c;\u89e3\u7b54\u5b66\u751f\u7591\u95ee\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>DeepSeek-V3 \u7279\u522b\u9002\u5408\u9700\u8981\u5b9e\u65f6\u5904\u7406\u548c\u5927\u91cf\u5e76\u53d1\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f&#xff0c;\u80fd\u591f\u6ee1\u8db3\u4f01\u4e1a\u5bf9 AI \u670d\u52a1\u7684\u65e5\u5e38\u9700\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n<p>DeepSeek-R1 \u7684\u9002\u7528\u573a\u5408<\/p>\n<p>\u51ed\u501f\u5176\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u63a8\u7406\u80fd\u529b&#xff0c;DeepSeek-R1 \u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u4ee5\u4e0b\u9700\u8981\u6df1\u5ea6\u601d\u8003\u548c\u5206\u6790\u7684\u573a\u666f&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u6570\u5b66\u95ee\u9898\u6c42\u89e3&#xff1a;\u5728\u9ad8\u7b49\u6570\u5b66\u96be\u9898\u3001\u7269\u7406\u5efa\u6a21\u8ba1\u7b97\u7b49\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\u63d0\u4f9b\u7cbe\u51c6\u7b54\u6848\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u4ee3\u7801\u751f\u6210&#xff1a;\u4e3a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u63d0\u4f9b\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u8f85\u52a9\u652f\u6301&#xff0c;\u63d0\u5347\u7f16\u7a0b\u6548\u7387\u548c\u4ee3\u7801\u8d28\u91cf\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u903b\u8f91\u63a8\u7406&#xff1a;\u5728\u5b66\u672f\u7814\u7a76\u3001\u95ee\u9898\u89e3\u51b3\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u548c\u51b3\u7b56\u652f\u6301\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u53d1\u6325\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u6559\u80b2\u5de5\u5177&#xff1a;\u5e2e\u52a9\u5b66\u751f\u8fdb\u884c\u903b\u8f91\u601d\u7ef4\u8bad\u7ec3&#xff0c;\u57f9\u517b\u89e3\u51b3\u590d\u6742\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u4e09\u3001\u5927\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u6784\u5efa\u6d41\u7a0b<\/h3>\n<p>\u6839\u636eOpenAI\u8054\u5408\u521b\u59cb\u4ebaAndrejKarpathy\u5728\u5fae\u8f6fBuild2023\u5927\u4f1a\u4e0a\u516c\u5f00\u7684\u4fe1\u606f&#xff0c;OpenAI\u4f7f\u7528 \u7684\u5927\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u6784\u5efa\u6d41\u7a0b\u5982\u56fe1.3\u6240\u793a&#xff0c;\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u542b\u56db\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5&#xff1a;\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u3001\u6709\u76d1\u7763\u5fae\u8c03\u3001\u5956\u52b1\u5efa\u6a21\u548c\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u3002\u8fd9\u56db\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u4e0d\u540c\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u53ca\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5&#xff0c;\u4f1a\u4ea7\u51fa\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6a21\u578b&#xff0c;\u6240\u9700\u8981\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u4e5f\u6709\u975e\u5e38\u5927\u7684\u5dee\u522b\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/20260113064002-6965e8c23b661.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3&#xff08;Pretraining&#xff09; \u9636\u6bb5\u9700\u8981\u5229\u7528\u6d77\u91cf\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\u6570\u636e&#xff08;\u6570\u636e\u6765\u81ea\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u7f51\u9875\u3001\u7ef4\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\u3001\u4e66\u7c4d\u3001 GitHub\u3001\u8bba\u6587\u3001\u95ee\u7b54\u7f51\u7ad9\u7b49&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u6784\u5efa\u5305\u542b\u6570\u5343\u4ebf\u751a\u81f3\u6570\u4e07\u4ebf\u5355\u8bcd\u7684\u5177\u6709\u591a\u6837\u6027\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u5229\u7528\u7531\u6570\u5343\u5757\u9ad8\u6027\u80fdGPU\u548c\u9ad8\u901f\u7f51\u7edc\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u8d85\u7ea7\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a&#xff0c;\u82b1\u8d39\u6570\u5341\u5929\u5b8c\u6210\u6df1\u5ea6\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u53c2\u6570\u8bad\u7ec3&#xff0c;\u6784\u5efa\u57fa\u7840\u6a21 \u578b&#xff08;BaseModel&#xff09;\u3002\u57fa\u7840\u6a21\u578b\u5bf9\u957f\u6587\u672c\u8fdb\u884c\u5efa\u6a21&#xff0c;\u4f7f\u6a21\u578b\u5177\u6709\u8bed\u8a00\u751f\u6210\u80fd\u529b&#xff0c;\u6839\u636e\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u63d0\u793a\u8bcd&#xff0c;\u6a21\u578b\u53ef\u4ee5\u751f\u6210\u6587\u672c\u8865\u5168\u53e5\u5b50\u3002\u6709\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u8ba4\u4e3a&#xff0c;\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u5efa\u6a21\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u9690\u542b\u5730\u6784\u5efa\u4e86\u5305\u62ec\u4e8b\u6027\u77e5\u8bc6&#xff08;FactualKnowledge&#xff09;\u548c\u5e38\u8bc6\u6027\u77e5\u8bc6&#xff08;Commonsense&#xff09;\u5728\u5185\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u77e5\u8bc6&#xff08;WorldKnowledge&#xff09;\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6839\u636e\u6587\u732e\u4e2d\u7684\u4ecb\u7ecd&#xff0c;GPT-3\u5b8c\u6210\u4e00\u6b21\u8bad\u7ec3\u7684\u603b\u8ba1\u7b97\u91cf\u662f3640PFLOPS&#xff0c;\u6309\u7167NVIDIA-A100-80GB-GPU\u548c\u5e73\u5747\u5229\u7528\u7387\u8fbe\u523050%\u8ba1\u7b97&#xff0c;\u9700\u8981\u82b1\u8d39\u8fd1\u4e00\u4e2a\u6708\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u4f7f\u75281000\u5757GPU\u5b8c\u6210\u3002\u7531\u4e8eGPT-3 \u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\u91c7\u7528NVIDIA-V100-32GB-GPU&#xff0c;\u5176\u5b9e\u9645\u8ba1\u7b97\u6210\u672c\u8fdc\u9ad8\u4e8e\u4e0a\u8ff0\u8ba1\u7b97\u3002\u6587\u732e\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u53c2\u6570\u91cf\u540c\u6837\u662f1750\u4ebf\u4e2a\u7684OPT\u6a21\u578b&#xff0c;\u8be5\u6a21\u578b\u8bad\u7ec3\u4f7f\u7528992\u5757NVIDIA-A100-80GB-GPU&#xff0c;\u6574\u4f53\u8bad\u7ec3\u65f6\u95f4 \u5c06\u8fd12\u4e2a\u6708\u3002BLOOM\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u91cf\u4e5f\u662f1750\u4ebf\u4e2a&#xff0c;\u8be5\u6a21\u578b\u8bad\u7ec3\u4e00\u5171\u82b1\u8d393.5\u4e2a\u6708&#xff0c;\u4f7f\u7528\u5305\u542b 384 \u5757NVIDIA-A100-80GB-GPU\u96c6\u7fa4\u5b8c\u6210\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230&#xff0c;\u5927\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\u9700\u8981\u82b1\u8d39\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u8d44\u6e90\u548c\u65f6\u95f4\u3002LLaMA\u3001Falcon\u3001\u767e\u5ddd&#xff08;Baichuan&#xff09;\u7b49\u6a21\u578b\u90fd\u5c5e\u4e8e\u57fa\u7840\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u5373\u4fbf\u662fDeepSeek-V3 \u7ecf\u8fc7\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\u6548\u7387\u4f18\u5316&#xff0c;\u751a\u81f3\u5df2\u7ecf\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528PTX\u8fdb\u884c\u6c47\u7f16\u7ea7\u4f18\u5316&#xff0c;\u5b8c\u6210\u4e00\u6b21\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u4ecd\u7136\u9700\u8981\u82b1\u8d39266.4\u4e07&#xff0c;H800 GPU\u5c0f\u65f6\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u8bad\u7ec3\u8fc7\u7a0b\u9700\u8981\u6d88\u8017\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u8d44\u6e90&#xff0c;\u5e76\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u53d7\u5230\u8d85\u53c2\u6570\u5f71\u54cd&#xff0c;\u56e0\u6b64&#xff0c;\u5982\u4f55\u63d0\u5347\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u8ba1\u7b97\u6548\u7387\u5e76\u4f7f\u6a21\u578b\u8bad\u7ec3\u7a33\u5b9a\u6536\u655b\u662f\u672c\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u91cd\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6709\u76d1\u7763\u5fae\u8c03&#xff08;SupervisedFineTuning&#xff0c;SFT&#xff09;&#xff0c; \u4e5f\u79f0\u4e3a\u6307\u4ee4\u5fae\u8c03&#xff0c;\u5229\u7528\u5c11\u91cf\u9ad8\u8d28\u91cf\u6570\u636e\u96c6&#xff0c;\u901a\u8fc7\u6709\u76d1\u7763\u8bad\u7ec3\u4f7f\u6a21\u578b\u5177\u5907\u95ee\u9898\u56de\u7b54\u3001\u7ffb\u8bd1\u3001\u5199\u4f5c\u7b49\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u6709\u76d1\u7763\u5fae\u8c03\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u542b\u7528\u6237\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u63d0\u793a\u8bcd\u548c\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u7528\u6237\u8f93\u5165\u5305\u62ec\u95ee\u9898\u3001\u95f2\u804a\u5bf9\u8bdd\u3001\u4efb\u52a1\u6307\u4ee4\u7b49\u591a\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\u548c\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u5229\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6709\u76d1\u7763\u6570\u636e&#xff0c;\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0e\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u9636\u6bb5\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u8bad\u7ec3\u7b97\u6cd5&#xff0c;\u5728\u57fa\u7840\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u8bad\u7ec3&#xff0c;\u5f97\u5230\u6709\u76d1\u7763\u5fae\u8c03\u6a21\u578b&#xff08;SFT\u6a21\u578b&#xff09;\u3002\u7ecf\u8fc7\u8bad\u7ec3\u7684SFT\u6a21\u578b\u5177\u5907\u521d\u6b65\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u7406\u89e3\u80fd\u529b\u548c\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u7406\u89e3\u80fd\u529b&#xff0c;\u80fd\u591f\u5b8c\u6210\u5f00\u653e\u9886\u57df\u95ee\u7b54\u3001\u9605\u8bfb\u7406\u89e3\u3001\u7ffb\u8bd1\u3001\u751f\u6210\u4ee3\u7801\u7b49\u4efb\u52a1&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u5177\u5907\u4e86\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u5bf9\u672a\u77e5\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u6cdb\u5316\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u6709\u76d1\u7763\u5fae\u8c03\u9636\u6bb5\u6240\u9700\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u8f83\u5c11&#xff0c;SFT\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5e76\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u6d88\u8017\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u8d44\u6e90\u3002\u6839\u636e\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u548c\u8bad\u7ec3\u6570\u636e\u91cf&#xff0c;\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u6570\u5341\u5757GPU&#xff0c;\u82b1\u8d39\u6570\u5929\u65f6\u95f4\u5b8c\u6210\u8bad\u7ec3\u3002SFT \u6a21\u578b\u5177\u5907\u4e86\u521d\u6b65\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u5b8c\u6210\u80fd\u529b&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f00\u653e\u7ed9\u7528\u6237\u4f7f\u7528&#xff0c;\u5f88\u591a\u7c7bChatGPT\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u90fd\u5c5e\u4e8e\u8be5\u7c7b\u578b&#xff0c;\u5305\u62ecAlpaca\u3001Vicuna\u3001MOSS\u3001ChatGLM-6B\u7b49\u3002\u5f88\u591a\u8fd9\u7c7b\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u6548\u679c\u975e\u5e38\u597d&#xff0c;\u751a\u81f3\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u8bc4\u6d4b\u4e2d\u8fbe\u5230\u4e86ChatGPT\u768490%\u7684\u6548\u679c\u3002\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e&#xff0c;\u6709\u76d1\u7763\u5fae\u8c03\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u6570\u636e\u9009\u62e9\u5bf9SFT\u6a21\u578b\u6548\u679c\u6709\u975e\u5e38\u5927\u7684\u5f71\u54cd&#xff0c;\u56e0\u6b64\u6784\u9020\u5c11\u91cf\u5e76\u4e14\u9ad8\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\u6570\u636e\u662f\u672c\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u91cd\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5956\u52b1\u5efa\u6a21&#xff08;RewardModeling&#xff09;\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u6784\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u672c\u8d28\u91cf\u5bf9\u6bd4\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u63d0\u793a\u8bcd&#xff0c; SFT \u6a21\u578b\u5bf9\u7ed9\u51fa\u7684\u591a\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\u3002\u5956\u52b1\u6a21\u578b\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4e8c\u5206\u7c7b\u6a21\u578b&#xff0c;\u5bf9\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u7ed3\u679c\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4f18\u52a3\u8fdb\u884c\u5224\u65ad\u3002\u5956\u52b1\u6a21\u578b\u4e0e\u57fa\u7840\u6a21\u578b\u548cSFT\u6a21\u578b\u4e0d\u540c&#xff0c;\u5956\u52b1\u6a21\u578b\u672c\u8eab\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u5355\u72ec\u63d0\u4f9b\u7ed9\u7528\u6237\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u5956\u52b1\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\u901a\u5e38\u548cSFT\u6a21\u578b\u4e00\u6837&#xff0c;\u4f7f\u7528\u6570\u5341\u5757GPU&#xff0c;\u901a\u8fc7\u6570\u5929\u65f6\u95f4\u5b8c\u6210\u8bad\u7ec3\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u5956\u52b1\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u51c6\u786e\u7387\u5bf9\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u6548\u679c\u6709\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5f71\u54cd&#xff0c;\u56e0\u6b64\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\u6570\u636e\u5bf9\u8be5\u6a21\u578b\u8fdb\u884c\u8bad\u7ec3\u3002AndrejKarpathy\u5728\u62a5\u544a\u4e2d\u6307\u51fa&#xff0c;\u8be5\u90e8\u5206\u9700\u8981\u767e\u4e07\u91cf\u7ea7\u7684\u5bf9\u6bd4\u6570\u636e\u6807\u6ce8&#xff0c; \u800c\u4e14\u5176\u4e2d\u5f88\u591a\u6807\u6ce8\u9700\u8981\u5f88\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u624d\u80fd\u5b8c\u6210\u3002\u6b64\u5916&#xff0c;\u5956\u52b1\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u6cdb\u5316\u80fd\u529b\u8fb9\u754c\u4e5f\u662f\u672c\u9636\u6bb5\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u70b9\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5956\u52b1\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u9488\u5bf9\u7cfb\u7edf\u6240\u6709\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u90fd\u80fd\u591f\u9ad8\u8d28\u91cf\u5730\u8fdb\u884c\u5224\u65ad&#xff0c;\u90a3\u4e48\u8be5\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u96be\u5ea6\u5728\u67d0\u79cd\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u4e0e\u6587\u672c\u751f\u6210\u7b49\u4ef7&#xff0c;\u56e0\u6b64\u9650\u5b9a\u5956\u52b1\u6a21\u578b\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u6cdb\u5316\u8fb9\u754c\u662f\u672c\u9636\u6bb5\u9700\u8981\u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60&#xff08;ReinforcementLearning&#xff0c;RL&#xff09; \u9636\u6bb5\u6839\u636e\u6570\u5341\u4e07\u6761\u63d0\u793a\u8bcd&#xff0c;\u5229\u7528\u524d\u4e00\u9636\u6bb5\u8bad\u7ec3\u7684\u5956\u52b1\u6a21\u578b&#xff0c;\u7ed9\u51faSFT\u6a21\u578b\u5bf9\u63d0\u793a\u8bcd\u56de\u7b54\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u8bc4\u4f30&#xff0c;\u5e76\u4e0e\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u5efa\u6a21\u76ee\u6807\u7efc\u5408\u5f97\u5230\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u6548\u679c\u3002 \u8be5\u9636\u6bb5\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u63d0\u793a\u8bcd\u6570\u91cf\u4e0e\u6709\u76d1\u7763\u5fae\u8c03\u9636\u6bb5\u7c7b\u4f3c&#xff0c;\u6570\u91cf\u5728\u5341\u4e07\u4e2a\u91cf\u7ea7&#xff0c;\u5e76\u4e14\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u4eba\u5de5\u63d0\u524d\u7ed9\u51fa \u8be5\u63d0\u793a\u8bcd\u6240\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u56de\u590d\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60&#xff0c;\u5728SFT\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u8c03\u6574\u53c2\u6570&#xff0c;\u4f7f\u6700\u7ec8\u751f\u6210\u7684\u6587\u672c\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u5f97\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u5956\u52b1&#xff08;Reward&#xff09;\u3002\u8be5\u9636\u6bb5\u9700\u8981\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u91cf\u8f83\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u9636\u6bb5\u4e5f\u5c11\u5f88\u591a&#xff0c;\u901a\u5e38\u4ec5\u9700\u8981\u6570\u5341\u5757 GPU&#xff0c;\u6570\u5929\u5373\u53ef\u5b8c\u6210\u8bad\u7ec3\u3002\u6587\u732e\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u6709\u76d1\u7763\u5fae\u8c03\u7684\u5bf9\u6bd4&#xff0c;\u5728\u6a21\u578b\u53c2\u6570\u91cf\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b&#xff0c;\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u5230\u76f8\u8f83\u4e8e\u6709\u76d1\u7763\u5fae\u8c03\u597d\u5f97\u591a\u7684\u6548\u679c\u3002\u5173\u4e8e\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u76f8\u6bd4\u6709\u76d1\u7763\u5fae\u8c03\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u5230\u66f4\u597d\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u95ee\u9898&#xff0c;\u622a\u81f32025\u5e742\u6708\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u5b8c\u6574\u6216\u5f97\u5230\u666e\u904d\u5171\u8bc6\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u3002\u76ee\u524d\u76f8\u5bf9\u5f97\u5230\u8ba4\u53ef\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u662f&#xff0c;\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u4f7f\u5f97\u6a21\u578b\u5177\u5907\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u6cdb\u5316\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u540c\u65f6&#xff0c;AndrejKarpathy\u4e5f\u6307\u51fa&#xff0c;\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u95ee\u9898\u7684&#xff0c;\u5b83\u4f1a\u4f7f\u57fa\u7840\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u71b5\u964d\u4f4e&#xff0c;\u4ece\u800c\u51cf\u5c11\u6a21\u578b\u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u591a\u6837\u6027\u3002\u7ecf\u8fc7\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bad\u7ec3\u540e\u7684RL\u6a21\u578b&#xff0c;\u5c31\u662f\u6700\u7ec8\u63d0\u4f9b\u7ed9\u7528\u6237\u4f7f\u7528\u3001\u5177\u6709\u7406\u89e3\u7528\u6237\u6307\u4ee4\u548c\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u7684\u7c7bChatGPT\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u65b9\u6cd5\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u4e0d\u9ad8&#xff0c;\u5e76\u4e14\u8d85\u53c2\u6570\u4f17\u591a&#xff0c;\u4f7f\u5f97\u6a21\u578b\u6536\u655b\u96be\u5ea6\u5927&#xff0c;\u53e0\u52a0\u5956\u52b1\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u51c6\u786e\u7387\u95ee\u9898&#xff0c;\u4f7f\u5f97\u5728\u5927\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u4e0a\u6709\u6548\u5e94\u7528\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u975e\u5e38\u56f0\u96be\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u56db\u3001\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u57fa\u7840\u67b6\u6784<\/h3>\n<p>\u5728\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u5386\u7a0b\u4e2d&#xff0c;2017 \u5e74\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5206\u6c34\u5cad\u3002Google \u7684\u7814\u7a76\u56e2\u961f\u53d1\u8868\u4e86\u4e00\u7bc7\u540d\u4e3a\u300aAttention Is All You Need\u300b\u7684\u8bba\u6587&#xff0c;\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86 Transformer \u67b6\u6784&#xff0c;Transformer\u6846\u67b6\u7684\u95ee\u4e16\u4ee3\u8868\u7740\u4e00\u4e2a\u5212\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u8f6c\u6298\u70b9\u3002\u5176\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u81ea\u6ce8\u610f\u529b&#xff08;Self-Attention&#xff09;\u673a\u5236\u6781\u5927\u5730\u63d0\u5347\u4e86\u6a21\u578b\u5bf9\u5e8f\u5217\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5904\u7406\u80fd\u529b&#xff0c;\u5728\u6355\u6349\u957f\u8ddd\u79bb\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\u65b9\u9762\u8868\u73b0\u5c24\u4e3a\u51fa\u8272\u3002\u6b64\u5916&#xff0c;Transformer\u6846\u67b6\u5bf9\u5e76\u884c\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u652f\u6301\u6781\u5927\u5730\u52a0\u901f\u4e86\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u5f53\u524d&#xff0c;\u7edd\u5927\u591a\u6570\u5927\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u5747\u4ee5Transformer \u6846\u67b6\u4e3a\u6838\u5fc3&#xff0c;\u5e76\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u6f14\u5316\u51fa\u4e86\u4e09\u79cd\u7ecf\u5178\u67b6\u6784&#xff0c;\u5206\u522b\u662fEncoder-only\u67b6\u6784&#xff0c;Decoder-only \u67b6\u6784\u4ee5\u53ca Encoder-Decoder \u67b6\u6784\u3002\u8fd9\u4e09\u79cd\u67b6\u6784\u5728\u8bbe\u8ba1\u548c\u529f\u80fd\u4e0a\u5404\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/20260113064002-6965e8c24ea22.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u662f\u4ec5\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u6a21\u578b&#xff08;Encoder-only&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u53eb\u81ea\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u6a21\u578b&#xff1b;\u6bd4\u5982BERT&#xff0c;\u8ba9\u6a21\u578b\u731c\u6587\u672c\u91cc\u88ab\u906e\u51fa\u7684\u8bcd\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u60c5\u611f\u5206\u6790&#xff0c;\u8ba9\u6a21\u578b\u5224\u65ad\u6587\u672c\u60c5\u611f\u662f\u79ef\u6781\u8fd8\u662f\u6d88\u6781\u3002\u76ee\u6807\u662f&#xff1a;\u7406\u89e3\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u662f\u4ec5\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u6a21\u578b&#xff08;Decoder-only&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u53eb\u81ea\u56de\u5f52\u6a21\u578b&#xff1b;\u5982GPT2&#xff0c;GPT3,&#xff0c;\u901a\u8fc7\u9884\u6d4b\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bcd\u6765\u9884\u6d4b\u6587\u672c\u751f\u6210\u3002\u76ee\u6807&#xff1a;\u6587\u672c\u751f\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u662f\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u548c\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u6a21\u578b&#xff08;Encoder-Decoder&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u53eb\u5e8f\u5217\u5230\u5e8f\u5217\u6a21\u578b&#xff1b;\u6bd4\u5982T5&#xff0c;BART&#xff0c;\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e8f\u5217\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e8f\u5217&#xff0c;\u76ee\u6807&#xff1a;\u7ffb\u8bd1&#xff0c;\u603b\u7ed3<\/p>\n<h5>1\u3001Transformer \u67b6\u6784<\/h5>\n<p>\u5173\u4e8eTransformer \u67b6\u6784&#xff0c;\u5728Transformer\u67b6\u6784\u88ab\u63d0\u51fa\u4e4b\u524d&#xff0c;\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u4e3b\u6d41\u67b6\u6784\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u5faa\u73af\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edcRNN&#xff0c;\u5176\u6309\u7167\u987a\u5e8f\u9010\u5b57\u5904\u7406\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b65&#xff0c;\u8f93\u51fa\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u5148\u524d\u7684\u9690\u85cf\u72b6\u6001\u548c\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u8f93\u5165&#xff0c;\u8981\u7b49\u4e0a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4\u5b8c\u6210\u540e&#xff0c;\u624d\u80fd\u8fdb\u884c\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u3002\u56e0\u6b64&#xff0c;\u65e0\u6cd5\u5b8c\u6210\u5e76\u884c\u8ba1\u7b97&#xff0c;\u8bad\u7ec3\u6548\u7387\u4f4e&#xff0c;\u800c\u4e14RNN\u4e0d\u64c5\u957f\u5904\u7406\u957f\u5e8f\u5217&#xff0c;\u56e0\u4e3a\u96be\u4ee5\u6355\u6349\u5230\u957f\u8ddd\u79bb\u4f9d\u8d56\u6027\u7684\u8bed\u4e49\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765&#xff0c;\u4e3a\u4e86\u6355\u6349\u5230\u957f\u8ddd\u79bb\u4f9d\u8d56\u6027&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86RNN\u7684\u6539\u826f\u7248\u672c&#xff0c;\u5c31\u662fLSTM\u957f\u77ed\u671f\u8bb0\u5fc6\u7f51\u7edc&#xff0c;\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u4e5f\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u89e3\u51b3\u4f20\u7edf\u5e76\u884c\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u95ee\u9898&#xff0c;\u800c\u4e14\u5728\u5904\u7406\u975e\u5e38\u957f\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u65f6\u4e5f\u4f9d\u7136\u53d7\u5230\u9650\u5236\u3002\u6700\u540e&#xff0c;Transformer\u817e\u7a7a\u51fa\u4e16\u4e86&#xff0c;\u4ed6\u6709\u80fd\u529b\u5b66\u4e60\u8f93\u5165\u5e8f\u5217\u91cc\u6240\u6709\u8bcd\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u6027\u548c\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u4f1a\u53d7\u5230\u77ed\u65f6\u8bb0\u5fc6\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u80fd\u505a\u5230\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u7684\u5173\u952e&#xff0c;\u5728\u4e8eTransformer\u7684\u81ea\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u673a\u5236\u3002\u4e5f\u6b63\u5982\u8bba\u6587\u6807\u9898\u6240\u8bf4&#xff0c;Attention is all you need,\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u5c31\u662f\u4f60\u6240\u9700\u8981\u7684\u4e00\u5207\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7b80\u5355\u6765\u8bf4&#xff0c;Transformer\u5728\u5904\u7406\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bcd\u7684\u65f6\u5019&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4f1a\u6ce8\u610f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\u672c\u8eab\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b83\u9644\u8fd1\u7684\u8bcd&#xff0c;\u8fd8\u4f1a\u53bb\u6ce8\u610f\u8f93\u5165\u5e8f\u5217\u91cc\u6240\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u8bcd&#xff0c;\u7136\u540e\u5176\u4f59\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bcd\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u6743\u91cd\u3002\u6743\u91cd\u662f\u6a21\u578b\u5728\u8bad\u7ec3\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u901a\u8fc7\u5927\u91cf\u6587\u672c\u9010\u6e10\u5b66\u4e60\u5230&#xff0c;\u56e0\u6b64&#xff0c;Transformer\u6709\u80fd\u529b\u77e5\u9053\u5f53\u524d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u8bcd\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u6027\u6709\u591a\u5f3a&#xff0c;\u7136\u540e\u53bb\u4e13\u6ce8\u4e8e\u8f93\u5165\u91cc\u771f\u6b63\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u4e24\u4e2a\u8bcd\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u9694\u5f97\u5f88\u8fdc&#xff0c;Transform\u4f9d\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u6355\u83b7\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb&#xff0c;\u4e3e\u4f8b&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/20260113064002-6965e8c29eace.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u53e5\u5b50&#xff0c;\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e9b\u5173\u952e\u8bcdanimal\u548cstreet\u6765\u63cf\u8ff0it\u5230\u5e95\u6307\u4ee3\u4ec0\u4e48&#xff1f;<\/p>\n<p>\u9898\u76ee\u5199\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u5173\u952e\u8bcd&#xff08;\u5982animal&#xff0c;street&#xff09;\u4f5c\u4e3a\u63d0\u793a&#xff0c;\u5176\u4e2d\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7ed9\u51fa\u7684\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u4f5c\u662fkey&#xff0c; \u800c\u6574\u4e2a\u7684\u6587\u672c\u4fe1\u606f\u5c31\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u662fquery&#xff0c;\u8111\u5b50\u91cc\u6d6e\u73b0\u7684\u7b54\u6848\u4fe1\u606f\u662fvalue&#xff0c;\u9ed8\u8ba4\u662fstreet\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u770b\u5230\u8fd9\u6bb5\u6587\u672c\u540e&#xff0c;\u8111\u5b50\u91cc\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u6d6e\u73b0\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u5c31\u53ea\u6709\u63d0\u793a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f&#xff0c;\u6b64\u65f6&#xff0c;key\u4e0evalue &#061; street\u57fa\u672c\u662f\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u8fdb\u884c\u6df1\u5165\u7406\u89e3\u540e&#xff0c;\u8111\u5b50\u91cc\u60f3\u8d77\u6765\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a&#xff0c;\u5bf9query\u8fd9\u4e00\u4e2a\u53e5\u5b50&#xff0c;\u63d0\u53d6\u5173\u952e\u4fe1\u606ftired\u8fdb\u884c\u5173\u8054&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b&#xff0c; \u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u6700\u7ec8\u8111\u5b50\u91cc\u7684value\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u53d8\u5316&#xff0c;\u53d8\u6210\u4e86animal\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u603b\u7ed3\u4e00\u4e0b&#xff0c; \u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u822c\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u673a\u5236&#xff0c;\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u4e8e\u7ed9\u5b9a\u6587\u672c\u7684\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\u8868\u793a\u5b83\u3002 \u800c\u81ea\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u673a\u5236&#xff0c;\u9700\u8981\u7528\u7ed9\u5b9a\u6587\u672c\u81ea\u8eab\u6765\u8868\u8fbe\u81ea\u5df1&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u4ece\u7ed9\u5b9a\u6587\u672c\u4e2d\u62bd\u53d6\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\u6765\u8868\u8ff0\u5b83&#xff0c;\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u5bf9\u6587\u672c\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u4e00\u6b21\u7279\u5f81\u63d0\u53d6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Transformer\u76ee\u6807\u662f&#xff1a;\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u9884\u6d4b\u51fa\u73b0\u6982\u7387\u6700\u9ad8\u7684\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bcd&#xff0c;\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u6587\u672c\u751f\u6210\u7684&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u79cd\u6548\u679c\u6709\u70b9\u50cf\u641c\u7d22\u5f15\u64ce\u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u8865\u5168\u3002\u6bcf\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u8f93\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u5b57\u6216\u8bcd&#xff0c;\u8f93\u5165\u6846\u5c31\u5f00\u59cb\u9884\u6d4b\u540e\u9762\u7684\u6587\u672c&#xff0c;\u6982\u7387\u8d8a\u9ad8\u7684\u6392\u5728\u8d8a\u4e0a\u9762\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/20260113064002-6965e8c2dbaf8.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Transformer \u67b6\u6784\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u6838\u5fc3\u90e8\u5206\u7ec4\u6210&#xff0c;\u7f16\u7801\u5668Encoder\u548c\u89e3\u7801\u5668Decoder\u3002\u5de5\u4f5c\u6d41\u7a0b\u5982\u4e0b&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65&#xff1a;\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u5411\u91cfToken\u3002\u4e2d\u6587\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b57&#xff0c;\u88ab\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u662f\u6587\u672c\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u5355\u4f4d&#xff0c;\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6210\u4e0d\u540c\u7684token\u3002\u662f\u6307\u5c06\u8f93\u5165\u6587\u672c\u5206\u89e3\u4e3a\u66f4\u5c0f\u7684\u5355\u4f4d&#xff0c;\u4f8b\u5982\u5355\u8bcd\u3001\u5b57\u6bcd\u6216\u5b57\u7b26\u3002\u5728\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u5c06\u6587\u672c\u5206\u89e3\u4e3a\u6807\u8bb0\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u6a21\u578b\u7406\u89e3\u8bed\u4e49\u548c\u8bed\u6cd5\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u5f53\u4e00\u4e2aPrompt\u88ab\u53d1\u9001\u7ed9GPT\u65f6&#xff0c;\u5b83\u4f1a\u88ab\u5206\u89e3\u6210\u591a\u4e2aToken&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3aTokenier\u3002\u77ed\u5355\u8bcd\u53ef\u80fd\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bcd\u662f\u4e00\u4e2atoken&#xff0c;\u957f\u5355\u8bcd\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u62c6\u6210\u591a\u4e2atoken\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2atoken\u4f1a\u88ab\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u6574\u6570\u6570\u5b57\u8868\u793a&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u88ab\u53eb\u505atoken ID\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a&#xff0c;\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5185\u90e8\u662f\u65e0\u6cd5\u50a8\u5b58\u6587\u5b57\u7684&#xff0c;\u4efb\u4f55\u5b57\u7b26\u6700\u7ec8\u90fd\u5f97\u7528\u6570\u5b57\u6765\u8868\u793a\u3002\u6709\u4e86\u6570\u5b57\u8868\u793a\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u6587\u672c\u540e&#xff0c;\u518d\u628a\u5b83\u4f20\u5165\u5d4c\u5165\u5c42\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b65&#xff1a;Embedding\u5d4c\u5165\u5c42\u3002\u5176\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u8ba9\u6bcf\u4e2atoken\u90fd\u7528\u5411\u91cf\u8868\u793a&#xff0c;\u5411\u91cf\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u770b\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e32\u6570\u5b57&#xff0c;\u4e3e\u4f8b&#xff1a;\u5047\u8bbe\u628a\u5411\u91cf\u957f\u5ea6\u7b80\u5316\u4e3a1-521&#xff0c;\u5b9e\u9645\u4e2d\u5411\u91cf\u957f\u5ea6\u53ef\u4ee5\u975e\u5e38\u957f\u3002\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u7528\u4e00\u4e32\u6570\u5b57\u8868\u793atoken&#xff1f;\u91cd\u8981\u539f\u56e0\u662f&#xff0c;\u4e00\u4e32\u6570\u5b57\u80fd\u8868\u8fbe\u7684\u542b\u4e49\u662f\u5927\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u7684&#xff0c;\u80fd\u5305\u542b\u66f4\u591a\u8bed\u6cd5\u3001\u8bed\u4e49\u4fe1\u606f\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u597d\u6bd4\u5bf9\u4eba\u7684\u753b\u50cf&#xff0c;\u5982\u679c\u53ea\u6709\u7537\u4eba\u548c\u5973\u4eba\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5c5e\u6027&#xff0c;\u592a\u5c11\u7ef4\u5ea6\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0&#xff0c;\u9700\u8981\u589e\u52a0\u7c4d\u8d2f&#xff0c;\u8eab\u9ad8&#xff0c;\u7231\u597d\u548c\u4e13\u4e1a\u7b49\u7ef4\u5ea6&#xff0c;\u624d\u80fd\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u523b\u753b\u4eba\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u3002\u591a\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u5c31\u662f\u591a\u4e2a\u7279\u5f81&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u66f4\u591a\u7ef4\u5ea6\u7684\u8868\u793a\u7279\u5f81\u3002\u5d4c\u5165\u5c42\u7684\u5411\u91cf\u91cc\u9762\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u8bcd\u6c47\u4e4b\u95f4\u8bed\u6cd5\u3001\u8bed\u4e49\u7b49\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u5411\u91cf\u957f\u5ea6\u5230\u5e95\u53ef\u4ee5\u591a\u957f\u5462&#xff1f;\u5728transformer \u8bba\u6587\u91cc&#xff0c;\u5411\u91cf\u957f\u5ea6\u662f512&#xff0c;GPT3\u91cc\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a12288&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u60f3\u8c61\u80fd\u5305\u542b\u591a\u5c11\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e09\u6b65&#xff1a;\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7f16\u7801\u3002Transformer\u7684\u4e00\u9879\u5173\u952e\u673a\u5236\u662f\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7f16\u7801\u3002\u5728\u8bed\u8a00\u91cc&#xff0c;\u987a\u5e8f\u5f88\u91cd\u8981&#xff0c;\u5373\u4f7f\u53e5\u5b50\u91cc\u5305\u542b\u7684\u5b57\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u6837\u7684&#xff0c;\u4f46\u987a\u5e8f\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837\u4e5f\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u610f\u601d\u5927\u76f8\u8ff3\u5ead\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u9886\u57df\u4f1a\u7528\u5e8f\u5217\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd&#xff0c;\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u8868\u793a\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u6309\u7167\u7279\u5b9a\u987a\u5e8f\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u524d\u9762\u63d0\u5230&#xff0c;RNN\u548c\u4eba\u7c7b\u9605\u8bfb\u6587\u672c\u4e00\u6837&#xff0c;\u5bf9\u8f93\u5165\u5e8f\u5217\u540c\u6837\u662f\u6309\u987a\u5e8f\u4f9d\u6b21\u5904\u7406&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u5c31\u9020\u6210\u4e86\u8bad\u7ec3\u901f\u5ea6\u7684\u74f6\u9888&#xff0c;\u56e0\u4e3a\u53ea\u80fd\u4e32\u884c&#xff0c;\u6ca1\u529e\u6cd5\u5e76\u884c&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u6ca1\u6cd5\u540c\u65f6\u53bb\u5b66\u4e60\u6240\u6709\u4fe1\u606f\u3002Transformer\u628a\u8bcd\u8f93\u5165\u7ed9\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u524d&#xff0c;\u9664\u4e86\u4f1a\u5148\u5bf9\u8bcd\u8fdb\u884c\u5d4c\u5165\u8f6c\u6362\u6210\u5411\u91cf&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u628a\u8bcd\u7528\u4e00\u4e32\u6570\u5b57\u8868\u793a&#xff0c;\u5b83\u4f1a\u628a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bcd\u5728\u53e5\u5b50\u4e2d\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4e5f\u5404\u7528\u4e00\u4e32\u6570\u5b57\u8868\u793a&#xff0c;\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u8f93\u5165\u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u8868\u793a\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u7136\u540e\u628a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ed3\u679c\u7ed9\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc&#xff0c;\u6a21\u578b\u65e2\u53ef\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bcd\u7684\u610f\u4e49&#xff0c;\u53c8\u80fd\u591f\u6355\u83b7\u8bcd\u5728\u53e5\u5b50\u4e2d\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\u4ece\u800c&#xff0c;\u7406\u89e3\u4e0d\u540c\u8bcd\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u501f\u52a9\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7f16\u7801&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u6309\u987a\u5e8f\u8f93\u5165\u7ed9Transformer\u6a21\u578b&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u540c\u65f6\u5904\u7406\u8f93\u5165\u5e8f\u5217\u91cc\u7684\u6240\u6709\u4f4d\u7f6e&#xff0c;\u800c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u50cfRNN\u90a3\u6837\u4f9d\u6b21\u5904\u7406\u3002\u90a3\u4e48&#xff0c;\u5728\u8ba1\u7b97\u65f6\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8f93\u51fa\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7b49\u5f85\u5176\u4ed6\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97&#xff0c;\u7ed3\u679c\u8fd9\u5927\u5927\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u8bad\u7ec3\u901f\u5ea6\u3002\u8bad\u7ec3\u901f\u5ea6\u4e00\u5feb&#xff0c;\u8bad\u7ec3\u51fa\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u8fd9\u4e48\u96be\u4e86\u3002\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7f16\u7801&#xff0c;\u5c31\u662f\u628a\u8868\u793a\u5404\u4e2a\u8bcd\u5728\u6587\u672c\u91cc\u987a\u5e8f\u7684\u5411\u91cf\u548c\u4e0a\u4e00\u6b65\u5f97\u5230\u8bcd\u5411\u91cf\u76f8\u52a0&#xff0c;\u7136\u540e\u628a\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u4f20\u7ed9\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u662f&#xff0c;\u6a21\u578b\u65e2\u53ef\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bcd\u7684\u610f\u4e49&#xff0c;\u53c8\u80fd\u591f\u6355\u6349\u8bcd\u5728\u53e5\u5b50\u4e2d\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e&#xff0c;\u4ece\u800c\u7406\u89e3\u4e0d\u540c\u8bcd\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u56db\u6b65&#xff1a;\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u3002\u5b83\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u4efb\u52a1\u662f\u628a\u8f93\u5165\u8f6c\u6362\u6210\u4e00\u79cd\u66f4\u62bd\u8c61\u7684\u8868\u793a\u5f62\u5f0f&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8868\u793a\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e5f\u662f\u5411\u91cf\u8868\u793a\u7684\u4e00\u4e32\u6570\u5b57&#xff0c;\u91cc\u9762\u65e2\u4fdd\u7559\u4e86\u8f93\u5165\u6587\u672c\u7684\u8bcd\u6c47\u4fe1\u606f\u548c\u987a\u5e8f\u5173\u7cfb&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u6355\u6349\u4e86\u8bed\u6cd5\u8bed\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684\u5173\u952e\u7279\u5f81\u3002\u6355\u6349\u5173\u952e\u7279\u5f81\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u662f\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u7684\u81ea\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u673a\u5236\u3002\u6a21\u578b\u5728\u5904\u7406\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bcd\u7684\u65f6\u5019&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4f1a\u5173\u6ce8\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\u672c\u8eab\u548c\u5b83\u9644\u8fd1\u7684\u8bcd&#xff0c;\u8fd8\u4f1a\u5173\u6ce8\u5e8f\u5217\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u8bcd\u3002\u6b63\u5982transformer\u8bba\u6587\u6807\u9898\u6240\u8bf4&#xff0c;\u81ea\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u673a\u5236\u901a\u8fc7\u8ba1\u7b97\u6bcf\u5bf9\u8bcd\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u6027&#xff0c;\u6765\u51b3\u5b9a\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u6743\u91cd\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u6267\u884c\u4e2d&#xff0c;Transformer\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u591a\u5934\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u673a\u5236&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u4e0d\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u673a\u5236\u6a21\u5757&#xff0c;\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5934\u90fd\u6709\u4ed6\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u6743\u91cd&#xff0c;\u7528\u6765\u5173\u6ce8\u6587\u672c\u91cc\u4e0d\u540c\u7279\u5f81\u6216\u65b9\u9762&#xff0c;\u6bd4\u5982\u6709\u7684\u5173\u6ce8\u52a8\u8bcd&#xff0c;\u6709\u7684\u5173\u6ce8\u4fee\u9970\u8bcd&#xff0c;\u6709\u7684\u5173\u6ce8\u60c5\u611f&#xff0c;\u6709\u7684\u5173\u6ce8\u75c5\u7406\u5b9e\u4f53\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u800c\u4e14\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e4b\u95f4\u53ef\u4ee5\u505a\u5e76\u884c\u8fd0\u7b97&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8ba1\u7b97\u8fdb\u5c55\u4e0a\u4e92\u4e0d\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u4e3e\u4f8b&#xff1a;\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u6d4b\u8bd5\u90e8\u95e8\u4e2d\u8c01\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u6700\u8fd1&#xff0c;\u5148\u5bf9\u90e8\u95e8\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6210\u5458\u8fdb\u884c\u4e2a\u4f53\u753b\u50cf&#xff0c;\u518d\u603b\u7ed3\u5173\u7cfb\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u4eba\u662f\u8c01\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u7ec4\u8fdb\u884c&#xff0c;\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ec4&#xff08;\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5934&#xff09;\u5c31\u662f\u6309\u7167\u4e2a\u4eba\u4fe1\u606f\u8fdb\u884c\u5173\u8054&#xff0c;\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7ec4&#xff08;\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u5934&#xff09;\u6309\u7167\u5927\u5bb6\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u7ecf\u9a8c\u5173\u8054&#xff1b;\u7b2c\u4e09\u7ec4&#xff08;\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u5934&#xff09;\u6309\u7167\u4e2a\u4eba\u804c\u4e1a\u89c4\u5212\u8fdb\u884c\u5173\u8054&#xff1b;\u901a\u8fc7\u591a\u7ec4\u5e76\u884c\u6253\u5206\u64cd\u4f5c&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f88\u5feb\u53d1\u73b0\u4e2a\u4f53\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u81ea\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u5934\u7684\u6743\u91cd&#xff0c;\u90fd\u662f\u6a21\u578b\u5728\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u901a\u8fc7\u5927\u91cf\u6587\u672c\u91cc\u9010\u6e10\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u8c03\u6574\u7684\u3002\u5728\u591a\u5934\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u673a\u5236\u540e\u9762&#xff0c;\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u524d\u9988\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc&#xff0c;\u5b83\u4f1a\u5bf9\u8f93\u51fa\u8fdb\u884c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u589e\u5f3a\u8868\u8fbe\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e94\u6b65&#xff1a;\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u5927\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2a\u8bcd\u7684\u5173\u952e\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u524d\u9762\u7684\u7f16\u7801\u5668&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u4e86\u8f93\u5165\u5e8f\u5217\u91cc\u5404\u4e2atoken\u7684\u62bd\u8c61\u8868\u793a&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u5b83\u4f20\u7ed9\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u3002\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u8fd8\u4f1a\u5148\u63a5\u6536\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u6b8a\u503c&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u4e2a\u503c\u8868\u793a\u8f93\u51fa\u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u5f00\u5934\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u662f&#xff0c;\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4f1a\u628a\u6765\u81ea\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u62bd\u8c61\u8868\u793a\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8f93\u5165&#xff0c;\u8fd8\u4f1a\u628a\u4e4b\u524d\u5df2\u7ecf\u751f\u6210\u7684&#xff0c;\u6765\u4fdd\u6301\u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u8fde\u8d2f\u6027\u548c\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u76f8\u5173\u6027\u3002\u521a\u5f00\u59cb&#xff0c;\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u5df2\u751f\u6210\u7684\u6587\u672c&#xff0c;\u6240\u4ee5\u628a\u8868\u793a\u5f00\u5934\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u503c\u5148\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8f93\u5165\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u751f\u6210\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u8981\u7ecf\u8fc7\u591a\u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002\u9996\u5148\u548c\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u4e00\u6837&#xff0c;\u6587\u672c\u8981\u7ecf\u8fc7\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e86\u89e3\u8fc7\u7684\u5d4c\u5165\u5c42\u548c\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7f16\u7801&#xff0c;\u7136\u540e\u88ab\u8f93\u5165\u8fdb\u591a\u5934\u81ea\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u5c42&#xff0c;\u4f46\u5b83\u548c\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u91cc\u7684\u591a\u5934\u81ea\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u5c42\u5374\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837\u3002\u5f53\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u5728\u5904\u7406\u5404\u4e2a\u8bcd\u7684\u65f6\u5019&#xff0c;\u4ed6\u4f1a\u5173\u6ce8\u8f93\u5165\u5e8f\u5217\u91cc\u6240\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u8bcd&#xff0c;\u4f46\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u4e2d\u81ea\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u673a\u5236\u53ea\u4f1a\u5173\u6ce8\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\u548c\u5b83\u524d\u9762\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u8bcd&#xff0c;\u540e\u9762\u7684\u8bcd\u8981\u88ab\u906e\u4f4f\u800c\u4e0d\u53bb\u5173\u6ce8\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u786e\u4fdd\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u751f\u6210\u6587\u672c\u65f6\u9075\u5faa\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u987a\u5e8f&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u80fd\u5148\u8ba9\u4ed6\u5077\u770b\u540e\u9762\u7684\u8bcd&#xff0c;\u5728\u9884\u6d4b\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bcd\u65f6&#xff0c;\u53ea\u662f\u7528\u524d\u9762\u7684\u8bcd\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u591a\u5934\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u673a\u5236\u88ab\u53eb\u505a\u5e26\u63a9\u7801\u7684\u591a\u5934\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u673a\u5236\u3002\u53e6\u5916\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u673a\u5236&#xff0c;\u4f1a\u6355\u6349\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u548c\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u5373\u5c06\u751f\u6210\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5bf9\u5e94\u5173\u7cfb&#xff0c;\u4ece\u800c\u5c06\u539f\u59cb\u8f93\u5165\u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u878d\u5408\u5230\u8f93\u51fa\u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u751f\u6210\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u3002\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u91cc\u7684\u524d\u9988\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u4f5c\u7528\u548c\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u91cc\u7684\u7c7b\u4f3c&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u989d\u5916\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97&#xff0c;\u6765\u589e\u5f3a\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u6700\u540e&#xff0c;\u548c\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u4e00\u6837&#xff0c;\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u540c\u6837\u662f\u591a\u4e2a\u5806\u53e0\u5230\u4e00\u8d77\u7684&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u53ef\u4ee5\u589e\u52a0\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u6027\u80fd&#xff0c;\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u5904\u7406\u590d\u6742\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u8f93\u51fa\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u7684\u6700\u540e\u9636\u6bb5&#xff0c;\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ebf\u6027\u548c\u4e00\u4e2asoftmax\u5c42&#xff0c;\u4ed6\u4eec\u52a0\u4e00\u5757\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u662f&#xff0c;\u628a\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u8868\u793a\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u8bcd\u6c47\u8868\u7684\u6982\u7387\u5206\u5e03&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\u6c47\u8868\u7684\u6982\u7387\u5206\u5e03\u4ee3\u8868\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u6b21\u88ab\u751f\u6210token\u7684\u6982\u7387&#xff0c;\u4e00\u822c\u6765\u8bf4&#xff0c;\u6a21\u578b\u4f1a\u9009\u62e9\u6982\u7387\u6700\u9ad8\u7684token\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f93\u51fa\u3002\u56e0\u6b64&#xff0c;\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u5c31\u662f\u9884\u6d4b\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f93\u51fa\u7684token&#xff0c;\u5c31\u50cfGPT\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u7c7b\u4f3c\u3002<\/p>\n<h5>2\u3001MOE\u67b6\u6784<\/h5>\n<p>\u81ea 2017 \u5e74 Google \u63d0\u51fa Transformer \u67b6\u6784\u4ee5\u6765&#xff0c;\u5176 \u201c\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u673a\u5236 &#043;<\/p>\n<p>\u5168\u8fde\u63a5\u5c42\u201d \u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6210\u4e3a LLM \u7684\u6807\u51c6\u8303\u5f0f\u3002\u4f46\u968f\u7740\u6a21\u578b\u89c4\u6a21\u4ece BERT&#xff08;3.4 \u4ebf\u53c2\u6570&#xff09;\u589e\u957f\u81f3 GPT-4&#xff08;1.8 \u4e07\u4ebf\u53c2\u6570&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u4f20\u7edf\u5bc6\u96c6\u67b6\u6784\u9010\u6e10\u66b4\u9732\u4e09\u5927\u6838\u5fc3\u95ee\u9898&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u8ba1\u7b97\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u9ad8&#xff1a;\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u673a\u5236\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a&#xff08;\u4e3a\u5e8f\u5217\u957f\u5ea6&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u957f\u6587\u672c\u5904\u7406\u65f6\u663e\u5b58\u5360\u7528\u5448\u4e8c\u6b21\u65b9\u589e\u957f\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u53c2\u6570\u5229\u7528\u7387\u4f4e&#xff1a;\u65e0\u8bba\u8f93\u5165\u4efb\u52a1\u7c7b\u578b&#xff08;\u5982\u6587\u672c\u751f\u6210\u3001\u6570\u5b66\u63a8\u7406\u3001\u4ee3\u7801\u5206\u6790&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u6a21\u578b\u6240\u6709\u53c2\u6570\u5747\u88ab\u6fc0\u6d3b&#xff0c;\u5bfc\u81f4 90% \u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u8d44\u6e90\u6d6a\u8d39\u5728\u975e\u5173\u952e\u4efb\u52a1\u4e0a\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u8bad\u7ec3\u6210\u672c\u9ad8\u6602&#xff1a;GPT-4 \u8bad\u7ec3\u6d88\u8017\u7ea6 2.15e25 FLOPs&#xff08;\u6d6e\u70b9\u8fd0\u7b97\u6b21\u6570&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u9700\u52a8\u7528\u4e0a\u4e07\u5f20 A100 GPU&#xff0c;\u4ec5\u5c11\u6570\u79d1\u6280\u5de8\u5934\u80fd\u8d1f\u62c5\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa&#xff0c;\u5728\u5927\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b&#xff08;LLM&#xff09;\u7206\u53d1\u5f0f\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u4eca\u5929&#xff0c;\u6a21\u578b\u89c4\u6a21\u4e0e\u8ba1\u7b97\u6548\u7387\u7684\u77db\u76fe\u65e5\u76ca\u51f8\u663e\u3002\u4f20\u7edfTransformer\u67b6\u6784\u91c7\u7528\u5168\u53c2\u6570\u6fc0\u6d3b\u6a21\u5f0f&#xff0c;\u5bfc\u81f4\u8ba1\u7b97\u8d44\u6e90\u4e0e\u53c2\u6570\u89c4\u6a21\u5448\u7ebf\u6027\u6b63\u76f8\u5173\u3002\u4ee5GPT-3\u4e3a\u4f8b&#xff0c;1750\u4ebf\u53c2\u6570\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6bcf\u6b21\u524d\u5411\u4f20\u64ad\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u8c03\u52a8\u5168\u90e8\u8ba1\u7b97\u8d44\u6e90&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u79cd\u201d\u5168\u5458\u5728\u7ebf\u201d\u6a21\u5f0f\u5728\u53c2\u6570\u7a81\u7834\u4e07\u4ebf\u540e\u5c06\u9762\u4e34\u7b97\u529b\u6d88\u8017\u5448\u6307\u6570\u7ea7\u589e\u957f\u3001\u63a8\u7406\u5ef6\u8fdf\u5c45\u9ad8\u4e0d\u4e0b\u3001\u8fb9\u7f18\u8bbe\u5907\u90e8\u7f72\u56f0\u96be\u7b49\u74f6\u9888\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u6b64\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b&#xff0c;DeepSeek \u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u672c\u571f\u81ea\u4e3b\u7814\u53d1\u7684\u65b0\u4e00\u4ee3\u5927\u6a21\u578b&#xff0c;\u4ee5 \u201c\u7a00\u758f\u6fc0\u6d3b &#043; \u52a8\u6001\u8def\u7531\u201d\u4e3a\u6838\u5fc3\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7406\u5ff5&#xff0c;\u901a\u8fc7\u6df7\u5408\u4e13\u5bb6&#xff08;Mixture-of-Experts, MoE&#xff09;\u67b6\u6784\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u201c\u4e07\u4ebf\u53c2\u6570\u89c4\u6a21\u4e0e\u9ad8\u6548\u63a8\u7406\u201d\u7684\u5e73\u8861&#xff0c;\u5176 6710 \u4ebf\u53c2\u6570\u6a21\u578b\u5355\u6b21\u63a8\u7406\u4ec5\u6fc0\u6d3b 370 \u4ebf\u53c2\u6570&#xff08;\u7ea6 5.5%&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u5728\u4fdd\u6301\u6027\u80fd\u9886\u5148\u7684\u540c\u65f6\u5c06\u8ba1\u7b97\u6210\u672c\u964d\u4f4e\u81f3\u4f20\u7edf\u6a21\u578b\u7684 1\/11\u3002\u8fd9\u6b3e\u91c7\u7528\u6df7\u5408\u4e13\u5bb6&#xff08;Mixture of Experts, MoE&#xff09;\u67b6\u6784\u7684\u6a21\u578b&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5728\u53c2\u6570\u6570\u91cf\u4e0a\u5b9e\u73b0\u91cf\u7ea7\u8de8\u8d8a&#xff0c;\u66f4\u901a\u8fc7\u52a8\u6001\u8def\u7531\u673a\u5236\u91cd\u6784\u4e86AI\u8ba1\u7b97\u8303\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>MoE&#xff08;Mixture of Experts&#xff09;\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u67b6\u6784&#xff0c;\u65e8\u5728\u901a\u8fc7\u591a\u4e2a\u4e13\u5bb6\u6a21\u578b\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u95e8\u63a7\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u7ec4\u5408\u6765\u5904\u7406\u590d\u6742\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u5176\u6838\u5fc3\u601d\u60f3\u662f\u5c06\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u5206\u914d\u7ed9\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4e13\u5bb6&#xff0c;\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u6548\u7387\u548c\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>MoE\u5c42\u901a\u5e38\u5d4c\u5165\u5728Transformer\u5757\u4e2d\u4ee5\u66ff\u4ee3\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u524d\u9988\u7f51\u7edc&#xff08;FFN&#xff09;\u5c42&#xff0c;\u5176\u4e3b\u8981\u7531\u4ee5\u4e0b\u90e8\u5206\u6784\u6210&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u4e13\u5bb6\u7f51\u7edc&#xff08;Experts&#xff09;&#xff1a; \u662f\u4e00\u7ec4\u5e76\u884c\u7684\u3001\u7ed3\u6784\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u3002\u5728Transformer\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4e13\u5bb6\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e24\u5c42\u7684\u591a\u5c42\u611f\u77e5\u673a&#xff08;MLP&#xff09;\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u4e00\u6837&#xff0c;\u4f46\u6743\u91cd\u53c2\u6570\u662f\u72ec\u7acb\u8bad\u7ec3\u3001\u4e92\u4e0d\u5171\u4eab\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u95e8\u63a7\u7f51\u7edc&#xff08;Gating Network&#xff09;&#xff1a; \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0f\u578b\u7684\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc&#xff0c;\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u7ebf\u6027\u5c42\u52a0\u4e0a\u4e00\u4e2aSoftmax\u6fc0\u6d3b\u51fd\u6570 \u3002\u5b83\u63a5\u6536\u6765\u81ea\u4e0a\u4e00\u5c42\u7684token\u9690\u85cf\u72b6\u6001\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8f93\u5165&#xff0c;\u8f93\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u8986\u76d6\u6240\u6709\u4e13\u5bb6\u7684\u6982\u7387\u5206\u5e03\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5206\u5e03\u8868\u660e\u4e86\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4e13\u5bb6\u5904\u7406\u5f53\u524dtoken\u7684\u201c\u9002\u5408\u5ea6\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u8def\u7531\u7b56\u7565&#xff08;Routing Strategy&#xff09;&#xff1a; \u95e8\u63a7\u7f51\u7edc\u8f93\u51fa\u6982\u7387\u540e&#xff0c;\u7cfb\u7edf\u6839\u636e\u9884\u8bbe\u7684\u7b56\u7565\u9009\u62e9\u6fc0\u6d3b\u54ea\u4e9b\u4e13\u5bb6\u3002\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u7b56\u7565\u662f\u201cTop-k\u201d&#xff0c;\u5373\u9009\u62e9\u6982\u7387\u6700\u9ad8\u7684k\u4e2a\u4e13\u5bb6\u3002\u8f93\u5165token\u7684\u5411\u91cf\u4f1a\u4e58\u4ee5\u5176\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u95e8\u63a7\u6743\u91cd&#xff0c;\u7136\u540e\u88ab\u9001\u5165\u9009\u5b9a\u7684\u4e13\u5bb6\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u8ba1\u7b97\u3002\u6700\u540e&#xff0c;\u6240\u6709\u88ab\u6fc0\u6d3b\u4e13\u5bb6\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u4f1a\u6839\u636e\u95e8\u63a7\u6743\u91cd\u52a0\u6743\u6c42\u548c&#xff0c;\u5f62\u6210\u8be5MoE\u5c42\u7684\u6700\u7ec8\u8f93\u51fa\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>MoE\u67b6\u6784\u901a\u8fc7\u5f15\u5165\u4e13\u5bb6\u7f51\u7edc&#xff08;Expert Networks&#xff09;\u548c\u95e8\u63a7\u673a\u5236&#xff08;Gating Network&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u53c2\u6570\u89c4\u6a21\u4e0e\u8ba1\u7b97\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u89e3\u8026\u3002DeepSeek-V3\u91c7\u7528128\u4e2a\u4e13\u5bb6\u6a21\u5757&#xff0c;\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4e13\u5bb6\u5305\u542b80\u4ebf\u53c2\u6570&#xff0c;\u603b\u53c2\u6570\u89c4\u6a21\u8fbe1.024\u4e07\u4ebf&#xff0c;\u4f46\u5355\u6b21\u63a8\u7406\u4ec5\u6fc0\u6d3b2%\u7684\u4e13\u5bb6&#xff08;\u7ea6200\u4ebf\u53c2\u6570&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u8ba1\u7b97\u6548\u7387\u63d0\u53475\u500d\u4ee5\u4e0a<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u7ecf\u5178MoE\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a&#xff0c;DeepSeek-V3\u5f15\u5165\u4e09\u5c42\u52a8\u6001\u8def\u7531\u673a\u5236&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<li>\u8f93\u5165\u7279\u5f81\u5206\u5c42&#xff1a;\u5c06\u8f93\u5165\u5411\u91cf\u5206\u89e3\u4e3a\u8bed\u4e49\u7279\u5f81\u3001\u65f6\u5e8f\u7279\u5f81\u548c\u9886\u57df\u7279\u5f81<\/li>\n<li>\u4e13\u5bb6\u5206\u7ec4\u7b56\u7565&#xff1a;\u5c06128\u4e2a\u4e13\u5bb6\u5212\u5206\u4e3a16\u4e2a\u4e13\u4e1a\u7ec4&#xff08;\u6bcf\u7ec48\u4e2a\u4e13\u5bb6&#xff09;<\/li>\n<li>\u6e10\u8fdb\u5f0f\u8def\u7531&#xff1a;\u9996\u8f6e\u5168\u5c40\u8def\u7531\u786e\u5b9a\u4e13\u4e1a\u7ec4&#xff0c;\u6b21\u8f6e\u7ec4\u5185\u8def\u7531\u9009\u62e9\u5177\u4f53\u4e13\u5bb6<\/li>\n<p>\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4f7f\u6a21\u578b\u5728\u4fdd\u6301\u4e07\u4ebf\u53c2\u6570\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u540c\u65f6&#xff0c;\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e8698.7%\u7684\u4e13\u5bb6\u5229\u7528\u7387&#xff08;\u4f20\u7edfMoE\u67b6\u6784\u901a\u5e38\u4f4e\u4e8e85%&#xff09;\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u4e94\u3001\u5fae\u8c03\u4e0e\u5bf9\u9f50<\/h3>\n<p>\u5fae\u8c03&#xff08;Fine-Tuning&#xff09;\u662f\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u9886\u57df\u4e2d\u4e00\u79cd\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u4f18\u5316\u6280\u672f&#xff0c;\u5176\u6838\u5fc3\u5728\u4e8e\u5229\u7528\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u6a21\u578b&#xff08;Pre-trained Model&#xff09;\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8d77\u70b9&#xff0c;\u901a\u8fc7\u5c11\u91cf\u76ee\u6807\u4efb\u52a1\u6570\u636e\u5bf9\u6a21\u578b\u53c2\u6570\u8fdb\u884c\u9488\u5bf9\u6027\u8c03\u6574\u3002\u4e0e\u4ece\u96f6\u5f00\u59cb\u8bad\u7ec3&#xff08;Training from Scratch&#xff09;\u76f8\u6bd4&#xff0c;\u5fae\u8c03\u80fd\u663e\u8457\u964d\u4f4e\u8ba1\u7b97\u6210\u672c&#xff08;\u901a\u5e38\u51cf\u5c1150%-90%\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\u65f6\u95f4&#xff09;\u548c\u6570\u636e\u9700\u6c42&#xff08;\u53ef\u4ec5\u75281\/10\u7684\u6570\u636e\u8fbe\u5230\u540c\u7b49\u7cbe\u5ea6&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u5c24\u5176\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\u7a00\u7f3a\u6216\u8ba1\u7b97\u8d44\u6e90\u6709\u9650\u7684\u573a\u666f\u3002<\/p>\n<h5>1\u3001\u6307\u4ee4\u5fae\u8c03&#xff08;Instruction Tuning&#xff09;<\/h5>\n<p>\u6307\u4ee4\u5fae\u8c03&#xff08;Instruction Tuning&#xff09;\u8c03\u53c8\u79f0\u6709\u76d1\u7763\u5fae\u8c03&#xff08;Supervised Fine-tuning&#xff09;\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u6307\u4ee4\u5fae\u8c03&#xff0c;\u5927\u8bed\u8a00 \u6a21\u578b\u80fd\u591f\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u5b66\u4e60\u9075\u5faa\u548c\u6267\u884c\u4eba\u7c7b\u6307\u4ee4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6307\u4ee4\u5fae\u8c03\u5177\u4f53\u8bad\u7ec3\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5e76\u4e0d\u590d\u6742&#xff0c;\u4e3b\u8981\u5206\u4e3a\u5982\u4e0b\u4e09\u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>&#xff08;1&#xff09;\u9488\u5bf9\u6bcf\u4e00\u9879\u4efb\u52a1\u53bb\u660e\u786e\u5730 \u5b9a\u4e49\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u6216\u8005\u63d0\u793a&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6307\u4ee4\u6216\u63d0\u793a\u5bf9\u4efb\u52a1\u76ee\u6807\u4ee5\u53ca\u8f93\u51fa\u8981\u6c42\u8fdb\u884c\u6e05\u6670\u63cf \u8ff0&#xff1b;<\/p>\n<p>&#xff08;2&#xff09;\u628a\u8bad\u7ec3\u6570\u636e\u8c03\u6574\u6210\u5305\u542b\u6307\u4ee4\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e0e\u4e4b\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f&#xff1b;<\/p>\n<p>&#xff08;3&#xff09;\u4f7f\u7528\u5305\u542b\u6307\u4ee4\u548c\u54cd\u5e94\u7684\u8bad \u7ec3\u6570\u636e\u5bf9\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u6a21\u578b\u8fdb\u884c\u5fae\u8c03\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u4ece\u8bad\u7ec3\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u6765\u770b&#xff0c;\u6307\u4ee4\u5fae\u8c03\u4e0e\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u5927\u4f53\u4e0a\u8f83\u4e3a\u76f8\u4f3c&#xff0c; \u4e0d\u8fc7\u6307\u4ee4\u5fae\u8c03\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u51fd\u6570\u5f80\u5f80\u53ea\u662f\u9488\u5bf9\u8f93\u51fa\u90e8\u5206\u6765\u8ba1\u7b97\u635f\u5931\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6307\u4ee4\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6307\u4ee4\u5fae\u8c03\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981&#xff0c;\u65e0\u8bba\u624b\u5de5\u8fd8\u662f\u81ea\u52a8\u6784\u5efa\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u82b1\u8d39\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u6210\u672c\u3002\u76ee \u524d\u5df2\u7ecf\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u5f00\u6e90\u6307\u4ee4\u6570\u636e\u96c6&#xff0c;\u672c\u8282\u5c06\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u8fdb\u884c\u4ecb\u7ecd\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6309\u7167\u7c7b\u578b\u6765\u5212 \u5206&#xff0c;\u6307\u4ee4\u5fae\u8c03\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u5927\u7c7b&#xff1a;\u901a\u7528\u6307\u4ee4\u5fae\u8c03\u6570\u636e\u96c6&#xff08;GeneralInstructionFine-tuningDatasets&#xff09; \u548c\u7279\u5b9a\u9886\u57df\u6307\u4ee4\u5fae\u8c03\u6570\u636e\u96c6&#xff08;Domain-specificInstructionFine-tuningDatasets&#xff09;\u3002\u901a\u7528\u6307\u4ee4\u5fae\u8c03\u6570\u636e \u96c6\u6db5\u76d6\u4e86\u5404\u79cd\u8de8\u9886\u57df\u6307\u4ee4&#xff0c;\u65e8\u5728\u63d0\u9ad8\u6a21\u578b\u5728\u901a\u7528\u4efb\u52a1\u4e0a\u7684\u6548\u679c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6307\u4ee4\u9075\u5faa\u80fd\u529b\u6548\u679c\u3002\u7279\u5b9a\u9886\u57df\u6307\u4ee4\u5fae\u8c03\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u4e2d\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u662f\u4e13\u95e8\u4e3a\u7279\u5b9a\u9886\u57df\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u3002\u4f8b\u5982&#xff0c;\u6cd5\u5f8b\u9886\u57df\u6307\u4ee4\u96c6\u5305\u542b\u6cd5\u5f8b\u8003\u8bd5\u3001\u6cd5\u5f8b \u54a8\u8be2\u3001\u6cd5\u5f8b\u95ee\u7b54\u7b49\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/20260113064003-6965e8c372322.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/20260113064004-6965e8c425eb7.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u7531\u4e8e\u5927\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u91cf\u5341\u5206\u5e9e\u5927&#xff0c;\u5f53\u5c06\u5176\u5e94\u7528\u5230\u4e0b\u6e38\u4efb\u52a1\u65f6&#xff0c;\u5fae\u8c03\u5168\u90e8\u53c2\u6570\u9700\u8981\u76f8\u5f53\u9ad8\u7684\u7b97\u529b\u3002\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u8282\u7701\u6210\u672c&#xff0c;\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u591a\u79cd\u53c2\u6570\u9ad8\u6548 &#xff08;ParameterEfficient&#xff09;\u7684\u5fae\u8c03\u65b9\u6cd5&#xff0c;\u65e8\u5728\u4ec5\u8bad\u7ec3\u5c11\u91cf\u53c2\u6570\u5c31\u4f7f\u6a21\u578b\u9002\u5e94\u4e0b\u6e38\u4efb\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u53c2\u6570\u9ad8\u6548\u5fae\u8c03&#xff08;Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning, PEFT&#xff09;<\/p>\n<p>\u53c2\u6570\u9ad8\u6548\u5fae\u8c03&#xff08;Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning&#xff0c;PEFT&#xff09;\u65e8\u5728\u907f\u514d\u5fae\u8c03\u5168\u90e8\u53c2\u6570&#xff0c;\u51cf\u5c11\u5728\u5fae\u8c03\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u65b0\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u6570\u91cf\u548c\u8ba1\u7b97\u5f00\u9500&#xff0c;\u4ece\u800c\u63d0\u9ad8\u5fae\u8c03\u5927\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21 \u578b\u7684\u6548\u7387\u3002\u4e3b\u6d41\u7684PEFT\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u4e3a\u4e09\u7c7b&#xff1a;\u53c2\u6570\u9644\u52a0\u65b9\u6cd5&#xff08;AdditionalParameters Methods&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u53c2\u6570\u9009\u62e9\u65b9\u6cd5&#xff08;ParameterSelection Methods&#xff09;\u4ee5\u53ca\u4f4e\u79e9\u9002\u914d\u65b9\u6cd5&#xff08;Low Rank Adaptation Methods&#xff09;\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/20260113064004-6965e8c4a8600.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u4ee5LoRA &#xff08;Low-RankAdaptationofLargeLanguageModels&#xff0c;\u5927\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u4f4e\u79e9\u9002\u914d\u5668&#xff09;\u4e3a\u4f8b&#xff0c;\u4ecb\u7ecd\u9ad8\u6548\u6a21\u578b\u5fae\u8c03\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002LoRA\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u7f29\u51cf\u8bad\u7ec3\u53c2\u6570\u91cf\u548cGPU\u663e\u5b58\u5360\u7528\u7684\u540c\u65f6&#xff0c;\u4f7f\u8bad\u7ec3\u540e\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u5177\u6709\u4e0e\u5168\u91cf\u5fae\u8c03\u76f8\u5f53\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c06\u53c2\u6570\u66f4\u65b0\u77e9\u9635\u4f4e\u79e9\u5206\u89e3\u4e3a\u4e24\u4e2a\u5c0f\u77e9\u9635\u3002\u5728\u5fae\u8c03\u65f6&#xff0c; \u901a\u8fc7\u5fae\u8c03\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5c0f\u77e9\u9635\u6765\u5bf9\u5927\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u8fdb\u884c\u66f4\u65b0&#xff0c;\u5927\u5e45\u8282\u7701\u4e86\u5fae\u8c03\u65f6\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u5f00\u9500\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6587\u732e\u63d0\u4f9b\u5728LLaMA2-7B\u6a21\u578b\u4e0a\u4f7f\u7528\u6279\u91cf\u5927\u5c0f\u4e3a1&#xff0c;\u5355\u4e2aNVIDIARTX4090 &#xff08;24GB&#xff09;GPU \u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u5168\u91cf\u5fae\u8c03\u548cLoRA\u5fae\u8c03\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5bf9\u6bd4\u3002\u6839\u636e\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ed3\u679c&#xff0c;\u5168\u91cf\u5fae \u8c03\u5927\u7ea6\u9700\u898160GB\u663e\u5b58&#xff0c;\u8d85\u51faRTX4090\u7684\u663e\u5b58\u5bb9\u91cf\u3002\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e4b\u4e0b&#xff0c;LoRA\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u5927 \u7ea623GB\u663e\u5b58\u3002LoRA\u663e\u8457\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u663e\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528&#xff0c;\u4f7f\u5f97\u5728\u5355\u4e2aNVIDIARTX4090\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c LLaMA2-7B \u5fae\u8c03\u6210\u4e3a\u53ef\u80fd\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u6765\u8bf4&#xff0c;\u7531\u4e8e\u53ef\u8bad\u7ec3\u53c2\u6570\u8f83\u5c11&#xff0c;\u4f18\u5316\u5668\u5185\u5b58\u548c\u68af\u5ea6 \u5185\u5b58\u5206\u522b\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u7ea625GB\u548c14GB\u3002\u53e6\u5916&#xff0c;\u867d\u7136LoRA\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u989d\u5916\u7684\u201c\u589e\u91cf\u53c2\u6570\u201d&#xff0c; \u5bfc\u81f4\u6fc0\u6d3b\u5185\u5b58\u548c\u6743\u91cd\u5185\u5b58\u7565\u5fae\u589e\u52a0&#xff08;\u603b\u8ba1\u7ea62GB&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u4f46\u8003\u8651\u5230\u6574\u4f53\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u51cf\u5c11&#xff0c;\u8fd9 \u79cd\u589e\u52a0\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5ffd\u7565\u4e0d\u8ba1\u7684\u3002\u6b64\u5916&#xff0c;\u51cf\u5c11\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u8ba1\u7b97\u53ef\u4ee5\u52a0\u901f\u53cd\u5411\u4f20\u64ad\u3002\u4e0e\u5168\u91cf\u5fae\u8c03\u76f8\u6bd4&#xff0c;LoRA\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e861.9\u500d\u3002<\/p>\n<h5>2\u3001\u4eba\u7c7b\u5bf9\u9f50&#xff08;HumanAlignment&#xff09;<\/h5>\n<p>\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5927\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u5728\u4e0b\u6e38\u4efb\u52a1\u4e2d\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u4f18\u79c0\u7684\u6027\u80fd&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6a21\u578b\u6709\u65f6\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u9519\u8bef\u6216\u5177\u6709\u5371\u5bb3\u6027\u7684\u884c\u4e3a&#xff0c;\u4f8b\u5982\u65e0\u6cd5\u6b63\u786e\u9075\u5faa\u6307\u4ee4\u3001\u751f\u6210\u865a\u5047\u4fe1\u606f\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u4ea7\u751f\u6709\u5bb3\u3001\u6709\u8bef\u5bfc\u6027\u4ee5\u53ca\u5e26\u6709\u504f\u89c1\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u3002\u5728\u5927\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u548c\u6709\u76d1\u7763\u5fae\u8c03\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u4e3b\u8981\u8bad\u7ec3\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u6839\u636e\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5185\u5bb9\u6765\u9884\u6d4b\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bcd\u5143\u3002\u4f46\u662f&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u4e00\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5e76\u672a\u5145\u5206\u8003\u8651\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u6216\u504f\u597d&#xff0c;\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u5927\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u4ece\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u5b66\u4e60\u5230\u4e0d\u7b26\u5408\u4eba\u7c7b\u671f\u671b\u7684\u751f \u6210\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u89c4\u907f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6f5c\u5728\u98ce\u9669&#xff0c;\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u201c\u4eba\u7c7b\u5bf9\u9f50\u201d\u8fd9\u4e00\u5173\u952e\u6982\u5ff5&#xff0c;\u65e8\u5728\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5927\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u4e0e\u4eba\u7c7b\u671f\u671b\u548c\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u3002\u4e0e\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u548c\u6307\u4ee4\u5fae\u8c03\u4e0d\u540c&#xff0c;\u4eba\u7c7b\u5bf9\u9f50\u9700\u5f15\u5165\u5168\u65b0\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u6807\u51c6&#xff0c;\u5982\u6709\u7528\u6027\u3001\u8bda\u5b9e\u6027\u548c\u65e0\u5bb3\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u5927\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u5982\u4f55\u786e\u4fdd\u5927\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u4e0e\u4eba\u7c7b\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u3001\u4eba\u7c7b\u771f\u5b9e\u610f\u56fe\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u4f26\u7406\u76f8\u4e00\u81f4\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u7814\u7a76\u95ee\u9898&#xff0c;\u901a\u5e38\u79f0\u8fd9\u4e00\u7814\u7a76\u95ee\u9898\u4e3a\u4eba\u7c7b\u5bf9\u9f50&#xff08;HumanAlignment&#xff09;\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5b9e\u73b0\u4eba\u7c7b\u5bf9\u9f50\u7684\u5173\u952e\u6280\u672f\u2014\u2014\u57fa\u4e8e\u4eba\u7c7b\u53cd\u9988\u7684\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60&#xff08;ReinforcementLearningfromHumanFeedback,RLHF&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u5305\u62ec\u4eba\u7c7b\u53cd\u9988\u7684\u6536\u96c6\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u5956\u52b1\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3001\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u8bad\u7ec3\u7b56\u7565\u4ee5\u53ca\u76f8\u5173\u7684RLHF \u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u57fa\u4e8e\u4eba\u7c7b\u53cd\u9988\u7684\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60&#xff08;RLHF&#xff09;<\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u524d\u5927\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\u7684\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u6280\u672f\u4e3b\u8981\u6cbf\u7740\u4e24\u4e2a\u65b9\u5411\u6f14\u8fdb&#xff1a;\u5176\u4e00\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u4eba\u7c7b\u53cd\u9988\u7684\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60 &#xff08;ReinforcementLearningfromHumanFeedback&#xff0c;RLHF&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u901a\u8fc7\u5956\u52b1\u6a21\u578b\u5bf9\u751f\u6210\u6587\u672c\u8fdb\u884c\u6574\u4f53\u8d28\u91cf\u8bc4\u4f30&#xff0c; \u4f7f\u6a21\u578b\u80fd\u81ea\u4e3b\u63a2\u7d22\u66f4\u4f18\u7684\u56de\u590d\u7b56\u7565&#xff0c;\u5e76\u4f7f\u5f97\u6a21\u578b\u56de\u590d\u4e0e\u4eba\u7c7b\u504f\u597d\u548c\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u5bf9\u9f50\u3002\u5178\u578b\u5982ChatGPT\u7b49 \u5bf9\u8bdd\u7cfb\u7edf&#xff0c;\u901a\u8fc7\u4eba\u7c7b\u504f\u597d\u6570\u636e\u8bad\u7ec3\u5956\u52b1\u6a21\u578b&#xff0c;\u7ed3\u5408\u8fd1\u7aef\u7b56\u7565\u4f18\u5316&#xff08;ProximalPolicyOptimization&#xff0c;PPO&#xff09; \u7b97\u6cd5\u5b9e\u73b0\u5bf9\u9f50\u4f18\u5316\u3002\u5176\u4e8c\u662f\u9762\u5411\u6df1\u5ea6\u63a8\u7406\u7684\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u6846\u67b6&#xff0c;\u4ee5OpenAI\u7684O\u7cfb\u5217\u6a21\u578b\u548cDeepSeek \u7684R\u7cfb\u5217\u4e3a\u4ee3\u8868&#xff0c;\u901a\u8fc7\u7b54\u6848\u6821\u9a8c\u5f15\u5bfc\u6a21\u578b\u8fdb\u884c\u591a\u6b65\u63a8\u7406\u3002\u8fd9\u7c7b\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c06\u590d\u6742\u95ee\u9898\u5206\u89e3\u4e3a\u957f\u601d\u7ef4\u94fe &#xff08;Chain-of-Thought&#xff09;\u7684\u51b3\u7b56\u5e8f\u5217&#xff0c;\u5728\u6570\u5b66\u8bc1\u660e\u3001\u4ee3\u7801\u751f\u6210\u7b49\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\u5c55\u73b0\u51fa\u8d85\u8d8a\u76d1\u7763\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u63a8\u7406\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u76f8\u8f83\u4e8e\u4f20\u7edf\u76d1\u7763\u5b66\u4e60&#xff0c;\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u6846\u67b6\u5177\u6709\u663e\u8457\u4f18\u52bf&#xff1a;\u5728RLHF\u8303\u5f0f\u4e0b&#xff0c;\u6a21\u578b\u901a\u8fc7\u751f\u6210-\u53cd\u9988\u7684\u95ed\u73af\u673a\u5236\u6301\u7eed\u4f18\u5316&#xff0c;\u6446\u8131\u5bf9\u6807\u51c6\u7b54\u6848\u7684\u7edd\u5bf9\u4f9d\u8d56&#xff1b;\u5728\u6df1\u5ea6\u63a8\u7406\u573a\u666f\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u80fd\u81ea\u4e3b\u63a2\u7d22\u6700\u4f18\u63a8\u7406\u8def\u5f84&#xff0c;\u901a\u8fc7\u4ef7\u503c\u51fd\u6570\u4f30\u8ba1\u5f15\u5bfc\u6a21\u578b\u7a81\u7834\u5c40\u90e8\u6700\u4f18\u89e3\u3002\u4e24\u7c7b\u65b9\u6cd5\u90fd\u5f3a\u8c03\u5bf9\u751f\u6210\u6587\u672c\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u8d28\u91cf\u628a\u63a7&#xff0c;\u524d\u8005\u4fa7\u91cd\u4eba\u7c7b\u4ef7\u503c\u5bf9\u9f50&#xff0c;\u540e\u8005\u4e13\u6ce8\u590d\u6742\u95ee\u9898\u6c42\u89e3&#xff0c;\u5171\u540c\u6784\u6210\u5927\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u80fd\u529b\u8fdb\u5316\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u9a71\u52a8\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>RLHF \u7b97\u6cd5\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u62ec\u4e09\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206&#xff1a;\u9700\u8981\u4e0e\u4eba\u7c7b\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u5bf9\u9f50\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u3001 \u57fa\u4e8e\u4eba\u7c7b\u53cd\u9988\u6570\u636e\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u5956\u52b1\u6a21\u578b\u4ee5\u53ca\u7528\u4e8e\u8bad\u7ec3\u5927\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1\u3001\u5f85\u5bf9\u9f50\u6a21\u578b\u4e00\u822c\u6307\u7684\u662f\u7ecf\u8fc7\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u3001\u5177\u5907\u4e00\u5b9a\u901a\u7528\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u5927\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u7136\u800c&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6a21\u578b\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u4e0e\u4eba\u7c7b\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u5bf9\u9f50&#xff0c;\u5728\u4e0b\u6e38\u4efb\u52a1\u4e2d\u53ef\u80fd\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u4e0d\u5408\u9002\u751a\u81f3\u6709\u5bb3\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>2\u3001\u5956\u52b1\u6a21\u578b\u65e2\u53ef\u4ee5\u91c7\u7528\u4eba\u7c7b\u504f\u597d\u6570 \u636e\u5bf9\u5df2\u6709\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u7ee7\u7eed\u5fae\u8c03&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u57fa\u4e8e\u4eba\u7c7b\u504f\u597d\u6570\u636e\u91cd\u65b0\u8bad\u7ec3\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>3\u3001\u5728\u8bad\u7ec3\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u57fa\u4e8e\u5956\u52b1\u6a21\u578b\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684 \u53cd\u9988\u4fe1\u53f7&#xff0c;RLHF\u4f7f\u7528\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u7b97\u6cd5\u8fdb\u884c\u5927\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\u3002\u76ee\u524d&#xff0c;PPO\u7b97\u6cd5 \u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u88ab\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7528\u4e8e\u4eba\u7c7b\u5bf9\u9f50\u7684\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/20260113064005-6965e8c501ede.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u56fe8.1 \u5c55\u793a\u4e86RLHF\u6574\u4f53\u8bad\u7ec3\u6846\u67b6\u7684\u4e09\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5&#xff0c;\u4e0b\u9762\u5206\u9636\u6bb5\u8fdb\u884c\u5177\u4f53\u4ecb\u7ecd\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u76d1\u7763\u5fae\u8c03&#xff0c;\u4e3a\u4e86\u8ba9\u5f85\u5bf9\u9f50\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u5177\u6709\u8f83\u597d\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u9075\u5faa\u80fd\u529b&#xff0c;\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u6536\u96c6 \u9ad8\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u76d1\u7763\u5fae\u8c03\u3002\u6307\u4ee4\u6570\u636e\u4e00\u822c\u5305\u62ec\u4efb\u52a1\u63cf\u8ff0\u548c\u793a\u4f8b\u8f93\u51fa&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5 \u7531\u4eba\u7c7b\u6807\u6ce8\u5458\u9488\u5bf9\u7279\u5b9a\u4efb\u52a1\u7f16\u5199&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7531\u5927\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u81ea\u52a8\u751f\u6210\u3002\u5728InstructGPT \u4e2d&#xff0c;\u4eba\u7c7b\u6807\u6ce8\u5458\u4e3a\u591a\u4e2a\u751f\u6210\u4efb\u52a1&#xff08;\u5982\u5f00\u653e\u6027\u95ee\u7b54\u3001\u5934\u8111\u98ce\u66b4\u3001\u65e5\u5e38\u804a\u5929\u7b49&#xff09;\u7f16\u5199\u63d0 \u793a\u548c\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u8f93\u51fa&#xff08;\u4f8b\u5982\u201c\u5217\u51fa\u4e94\u79cd\u6062\u590d\u804c\u4e1a\u70ed\u60c5\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u201d&#xff09;\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u5956\u52b1\u6a21\u578b\u8bad\u7ec3&#xff0c;\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b65\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u4eba\u7c7b\u53cd\u9988\u6570\u636e\u8bad\u7ec3\u5956\u52b1\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u6765\u8bf4&#xff0c;\u9996\u5148 \u4f7f\u7528\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u9488\u5bf9\u4efb\u52a1\u6307\u4ee4\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u5b9a\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u5019\u9009\u8f93\u51fa\u3002\u968f\u540e&#xff0c;\u9080\u8bf7\u6807\u6ce8\u5458\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8f93\u51fa\u6587\u672c\u8fdb\u884c\u504f\u597d\u6807\u6ce8&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6807\u6ce8\u8fc7\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u91c7\u7528\u591a\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f&#xff0c;\u5176\u4e2d\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u662f\u5bf9\u5019\u9009 \u6587\u672c\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\u6807\u6ce8&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u51cf\u5c11\u591a\u4e2a\u6807\u6ce8\u5458\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65&#xff0c;\u4f7f\u7528\u4eba\u5de5\u6807\u6ce8\u7684\u504f\u597d\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u5956\u52b1\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3&#xff0c;\u4f7f\u5176\u80fd\u591f\u5efa\u6a21\u4eba\u7c7b\u504f\u597d\u3002\u5728InstructGPT\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u6807\u6ce8\u5458\u5c06\u6a21\u578b\u751f\u6210\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u6309\u7167\u6700\u4f73\u5230\u6700 \u5dee\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f&#xff0c;\u5e76\u636e\u6b64\u8bad\u7ec3\u5956\u52b1\u6a21\u578b\u6765\u9884\u6d4b\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6392\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u2022 \u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u8bad\u7ec3&#xff0c;\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b65\u9aa4\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u5bf9\u9f50\u88ab\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u95ee\u9898\u3002 \u5177\u4f53\u6765\u8bf4&#xff0c;\u5f85\u5bf9\u9f50\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u62c5\u4efb\u7b56\u7565\u5b9e\u65bd\u8005\u7684\u89d2\u8272&#xff08;\u79f0\u4e3a\u7b56\u7565\u6a21\u578b&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u5b83\u63a5\u6536\u63d0 \u793a\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8f93\u5165\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u8f93\u51fa\u6587\u672c&#xff0c;\u5176\u52a8\u4f5c\u7a7a\u95f4\u662f\u8bcd\u6c47\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u8bcd\u5143&#xff0c;\u72b6\u6001\u6307\u7684\u662f\u5f53 \u524d\u5df2\u751f\u6210\u7684\u8bcd\u5143\u5e8f\u5217\u3002\u5956\u52b1\u6a21\u578b\u5219\u6839\u636e\u5f53\u524d\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u63d0\u4f9b\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u5956\u52b1\u5206\u6570&#xff0c; \u7528\u4e8e\u6307\u5bfc\u7b56\u7565\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u4f18\u5316\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u907f\u514d\u5f53\u524d\u8bad\u7ec3\u8f6e\u6b21\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u660e\u663e\u504f\u79bb\u521d\u59cb&#xff08;\u5f3a \u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u8bad\u7ec3\u4e4b\u524d&#xff09;\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b&#xff0c;\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u5728\u539f\u59cb\u4f18\u5316\u76ee\u6807\u4e2d\u52a0\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u60e9\u7f5a\u9879&#xff08;\u5982KL \u6563\u5ea6&#xff09;\u3002\u4f8b\u5982&#xff0c;InstructGPT \u4f7f\u7528PPO\u7b97\u6cd5\u6765\u4f18\u5316\u5f85\u5bf9\u9f50\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u4ee5\u6700\u5927\u5316\u5956\u52b1\u6a21 \u578b\u7684\u5956\u52b1\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8f93\u5165\u63d0\u793a&#xff0c;InstructGPT\u8ba1\u7b97\u5f53\u524d\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u4e0e\u521d\u59cb\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u751f \u6210\u7ed3\u679c\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684KL\u6563\u5ea6\u4f5c\u4e3a\u60e9\u7f5a\u9879\u3002KL\u6563\u5ea6\u8d8a\u5927&#xff0c;\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5f53\u524d\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u8d8a\u504f\u79bb\u521d \u59cb\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5bf9\u9f50\u8fc7\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u591a\u6b21\u8fed\u4ee3&#xff0c;\u4ece\u800c\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u5bf9\u9f50\u5927\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u4eba\u7c7b\u53cd\u9988\u6570\u636e\u7684\u6536\u96c6&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u5b9e\u73b0\u6709\u6548\u7684\u4eba\u7c7b\u5bf9\u9f50&#xff0c;\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u9ad8\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u4eba\u7c7b\u53cd \u9988\u6570\u636e\u5bf9\u5927\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u8fdb\u884c\u9488\u5bf9\u6027\u7684\u5fae\u8c03\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1\u3001\u6807\u6ce8\u4eba\u5458\u9009\u62e9&#xff1a;\u4e3a\u4e86\u786e\u4fdd\u4eba\u7c7b\u53cd\u9988\u6570\u636e\u7684\u53ef\u9760\u6027&#xff0c;\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u6807\u6ce8\u4eba\u5458\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u6765\u8bf4&#xff0c; \u7406\u60f3\u7684\u6807\u6ce8\u5458\u5e94\u5177\u5907\u8f83\u9ad8\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u6c34\u5e73\u4ee5\u53ca\u51fa\u8272\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u719f\u7ec3\u5ea6\u3002\u4f8b\u5982&#xff0c;Sparrow\u8981\u6c42\u6807\u6ce8\u5458\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u82f1\u56fd\u672c\u571f\u7684\u82f1\u8bed\u6bcd\u8bed\u8005&#xff0c;\u5e76\u81f3\u5c11\u5177\u5907\u672c\u79d1\u53ca\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5b66\u5386\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5982 \u6b64&#xff0c;\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u4e0e\u6807\u6ce8\u5458\u4e4b\u95f4\u4ecd\u7136\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u610f\u56fe\u4e0d\u5339\u914d\u7684\u60c5\u51b5&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u751f\u6210\u4e0d \u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u53cd\u9988\u6570\u636e&#xff0c;\u8fdb\u800c\u5f71\u54cd\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e00\u95ee\u9898&#xff0c;InstructGPT\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u6807\u6ce8\u5458\u4e0e\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6807\u6ce8\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u8fdb\u884c\u8bc4\u4f30\u6765\u7b5b\u9009\u51fa\u5408\u9002\u7684\u6807\u6ce8\u5458\u3002\u5177\u4f53 \u6765\u8bf4&#xff0c;\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u9996\u5148\u6807\u6ce8\u4e00\u5c0f\u90e8\u5206\u6570\u636e&#xff0c;\u7136\u540e\u9080\u8bf7\u5019\u9009\u6807\u6ce8\u5458\u8fdb\u884c\u6807\u6ce8&#xff0c;\u5e76\u8ba1\u7b97 \u5019\u9009\u6807\u6ce8\u5458\u4e0e\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u6807\u6ce8\u7ed3\u679c\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u5206\u6570\u3002\u6700\u7ec8&#xff0c;\u53ea\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u5206\u6570\u8f83\u9ad8\u7684\u6807\u6ce8\u5458\u8fdb\u884c\u540e\u7eed\u7684\u6807\u6ce8\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u6b64\u5916&#xff0c;\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u4e00\u7ec4\u8868\u73b0\u8f83\u597d\u7684\u6807\u6ce8\u5458\u4e2d\u9009\u51fa \u9ad8\u5ea6\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u201c\u8d85\u7ea7\u6807\u6ce8\u5458\u201d&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8d85\u7ea7\u6807\u6ce8\u5458\u5c06\u4f18\u5148\u4e0e\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u5408\u4f5c\u8fdb\u884c\u540e \u7eed\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u6b64\u5916&#xff0c;\u5728\u6807\u6ce8\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u63d0\u4f9b\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u6807\u6ce8\u8bf4\u660e\u548c\u5373\u65f6\u6307\u5bfc\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u89c4 \u8303\u6807\u6ce8\u5458\u7684\u6807\u6ce8\u884c\u4e3a<\/p>\n<p>2\u3001\u4eba\u7c7b\u53cd\u9988\u5f62\u5f0f&#xff1a;\u786e\u5b9a\u6807\u6ce8\u4eba\u5458\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u540e&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u5927\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u8fdb\u884c\u6807\u6ce8&#xff0c;\u4ee5\u6536\u96c6\u4eba\u7c7b\u53cd\u9988\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u2022 \u57fa\u4e8e\u8bc4\u5206\u7684\u4eba\u7c7b\u53cd\u9988.\u6700\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u6807\u6ce8\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\u6839\u636e\u9884\u8bbe\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u9080\u8bf7\u6807\u6ce8\u4eba\u5458\u5bf9 \u4e8e\u5927\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u8fdb\u884c\u6253\u5206&#xff0c;\u4ece\u800c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6a21\u578b\u8f93\u51fa\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u5224\u65ad\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u2022\u57fa\u4e8e\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u4eba\u7c7b\u53cd\u9988.\u6392\u5e8f\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6bd4\u8f83\u5178\u578b\u7684\u4eba\u7c7b\u504f\u597d\u6807\u6ce8\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u7684 \u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\u6807\u6ce8\u4eba\u5458\u6839\u636e\u81ea\u8eab\u504f\u597d\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5927\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u8fdb\u884c\u5168\u6392\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5956\u52b1\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3<\/p>\n<p>\u7531\u4e8eRLHF\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u9700\u8981\u4f9d\u8d56\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u4eba\u7c7b\u504f\u597d\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u5b66\u4e60&#xff0c;\u56e0\u6b64\u5f88\u96be \u5728\u8bad\u7ec3\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u8981\u6c42\u4eba\u7c7b\u6807\u6ce8\u8005\u5b9e\u65f6\u63d0\u4f9b\u504f\u597d\u53cd\u9988\u3002\u4e3a\u6b64&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u8bad\u7ec3\u4e00\u4e2a\u6a21\u578b \u6765\u66ff\u4ee3\u4eba\u7c7b\u5728RLHF\u8bad\u7ec3\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5b9e\u65f6\u63d0\u4f9b\u53cd\u9988&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6a21\u578b\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u5956\u52b1\u6a21\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u8bad\u7ec3\u5f00\u59cb\u524d&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u9884\u5148\u6784\u9020\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u9898\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8f93\u5165\u3002\u4eba\u7c7b\u6807\u6ce8\u8005\u5c06\u9488\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b \u95ee\u9898\u6807\u6ce8\u51fa\u7b26\u5408\u4eba\u7c7b\u504f\u597d\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e0d\u7b26\u5408\u4eba\u7c7b\u504f\u597d\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u3002\u6536\u96c6\u5230\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4eba\u7c7b\u504f \u597d\u6570\u636e\u540e&#xff0c;\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u8bad\u7ec3\u5956\u52b1\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u7ecf\u8fc7\u5145\u5206\u8bad\u7ec3\u7684\u5956\u52b1\u6a21\u578b\u80fd\u591f\u6709\u6548\u5730\u62df\u5408 \u4eba\u7c7b\u504f\u597d&#xff0c;\u5e76\u5728\u540e\u7eed\u7684\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u8bad\u7ec3\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u66ff\u4ee3\u4eba\u7c7b\u63d0\u4f9b\u53cd\u9988\u4fe1\u53f7\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u6765&#xff0c;\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4fdd\u8bc1\u8bad\u7ec3\u6548\u7387\u7684\u540c\u65f6&#xff0c;\u52a0\u5f3a\u6a21\u578b\u884c\u4e3a\u4e0e\u4eba\u7c7b\u671f\u671b\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u8bad\u7ec3<\/p>\n<p>\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u662fRLHF\u4e2d\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u4f18\u5316\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u6765\u8bf4&#xff0c;\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u65e8\u5728\u8bad\u7ec3\u4e00\u4e2a\u667a \u80fd\u4f53&#xff0c;\u8be5\u667a\u80fd\u4f53\u4e0e\u5916\u90e8\u73af\u5883\u8fdb\u884c\u591a\u8f6e\u4ea4\u4e92&#xff0c;\u901a\u8fc7\u5b66\u4e60\u5408\u9002\u7684\u7b56\u7565\u8fdb\u800c\u6700\u5927\u5316\u4ece\u5916 \u90e8\u73af\u5883\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\u5956\u52b1\u3002\u5728\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u667a\u80fd\u4f53\u662f\u6839\u636e\u5916\u90e8\u73af\u5883\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b65\u884c \u52a8\u7684\u51b3\u7b56\u8005&#xff0c;\u56e0\u6b64\u5176\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u7b56\u7565\u6a21\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd1\u7aef\u7b56\u7565\u4f18\u5316&#xff08;ProximalPolicy Optimization, PPO&#xff09;\u7b97\u6cd5\u662f\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u9886\u57df\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u91cd\u8981\u4f18\u5316\u65b9\u6cd5&#xff0c;\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u8bad\u7ec3\u80fd\u591f\u6839\u636e\u5916\u90e8\u73af\u5883\u72b6\u6001\u505a\u51fa\u884c\u4e3a\u51b3\u7b56\u7684\u7b56\u7565\u6a21\u578b\u3002 PPO \u7b97\u6cd5\u5728\u7b56\u7565\u68af\u5ea6\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a&#xff0c;\u4e3b\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u4f18\u52bf\u4f30\u8ba1\u6765\u66f4\u52a0\u51c6\u786e\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u51b3\u7b56\u8f68\u8ff9\u80fd\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\u5956\u52b1&#xff0c;\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u91c7\u6837\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u79bb\u7ebf\u7b56\u7565\u8bad\u7ec3\u3002\u6b64\u5916&#xff0c;\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fdd\u8bc1\u91cd\u8981 \u6027\u91c7\u6837\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027&#xff0c;PPO\u7b97\u6cd5\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u76ee\u6807\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u52a0\u5165\u4e86\u68af\u5ea6\u88c1\u526a\u4ee5\u53ca\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u60e9\u7f5a\u9879 \u6765\u51cf\u5c0f\u91c7\u6837\u8bef\u5dee\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ee3\u8868\u6027RLHF\u5927\u6a21\u578b<\/p>\n<p>InstructGPT \u6a21\u578b&#xff0c;\u4f7f\u7528RLHF\u65b9\u6cd5\u5728\u81ea\u76d1\u7763\u6587\u672c\u6570\u636e\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a&#xff0c;\u7ed3\u5408\u4e86\u4eba\u7c7b \u53cd\u9988\u4e0e\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60&#xff0c;\u4ece\u800c\u80fd\u591f\u6784\u5efa\u66f4\u7b26\u5408\u4eba\u7c7b\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>InstructGPT \u6a21\u578b\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u62ec\u4e09\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002\u9996\u5148&#xff0c;\u9700\u8981 \u6536\u96c6\u6307\u4ee4\u6570\u636e\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528\u6709\u76d1\u7763\u5fae\u8c03\u8fdb\u884c\u8bad\u7ec3\u3002OpenAI\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u56e2\u961f\u96c7\u4f63\u4e8640\u540d\u6807\u6ce8 \u4eba\u5458&#xff0c;\u9488\u5bf9\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4efb\u52a1\u63d0\u793a\u7f16\u5199\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u793a\u4f8b\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u5c06\u7528\u4e8e\u7ecf\u8fc7\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u540e\u7684 GPT-3 \u6a21\u578b\u7684\u76d1\u7763\u5fae\u8c03\u3002\u7136\u540e&#xff0c;\u6536\u96c6\u4eba\u7c7b\u53cd\u9988\u6570\u636e\u8bad\u7ec3\u5956\u52b1\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u6807\u6ce8\u4eba\u5458\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6a21 \u578b\u751f\u6210\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u8fdb\u884c\u5bf9\u6bd4\u4e0e\u6392\u5e8f&#xff0c;\u7136\u540e\u8bad\u7ec3\u5956\u52b1\u6a21\u578b\u6765\u62df\u5408\u6807\u6ce8\u4eba\u5458\u7684\u504f\u597d\u3002\u6700\u540e&#xff0c; \u4f7f\u7528PPO\u7b97\u6cd5\u548c\u5956\u52b1\u6a21\u578b\u8fdb\u884c\u5927\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u8bad\u7ec3\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u4f7f\u7528 \u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b65\u8bad\u7ec3\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u5956\u52b1\u6a21\u578b&#xff0c;\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\u76d1\u7763\u8bad\u7ec3\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u8fdb\u884c\u5fae\u8c03&#xff0c;\u4ece \u800c\u5b9e\u73b0\u4eba\u7c7b\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u7684\u5bf9\u9f50\u3002\u540e\u4e24\u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fed\u4ee3\u591a\u6b21&#xff0c;\u57fa\u4e8e\u5f53\u524d\u6700\u4f73\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b \u6301\u7eed\u6536\u96c6\u6570\u636e&#xff0c;\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u8bad\u7ec3\u5956\u52b1\u6a21\u578b\u548c\u4f18\u5316\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u751f\u6210\u7b56\u7565\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ed3\u679c\u8868\u660e&#xff0c;\u5373\u4f7f\u53c2\u6570\u91cf\u4ec5\u4e3a1.3B\u7684InstructGPT\u6a21\u578b&#xff0c;\u5728\u76f8\u5173\u8bc4\u6d4b\u4efb\u52a1 \u4e0a\u6027\u80fd\u4e5f\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e86\u9ad8\u8fbe175B\u53c2\u6570\u7684GPT-3\u6a21\u578b\u3002InstructGPT\u5728\u751f\u6210\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u8bda\u5b9e\u6027\u3001\u51cf\u5c11\u6709\u5bb3\u8f93\u51fa\u65b9\u9762\u8868\u73b0\u66f4\u4f18&#xff0c;\u540c\u65f6\u5728\u516c\u5f00\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u4e0a\u7684\u8868\u73b0\u6ca1\u6709\u660e \u663e\u4e0b\u964d&#xff0c;\u6240\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u201c\u5bf9\u9f50\u7a0e\u201d&#xff08;AlignmentTax&#xff09;\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u5f88\u9ad8\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5173\u4e8eSFT\u548cRLHF<\/p>\n<p>\u603b\u4f53\u6765\u8bf4&#xff0c;RLHF\u548cSFT\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab \u89c6\u4e3a\u4e24\u79cd\u4f18\u5316\u5927\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u51b3\u7b56\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5728RLHF\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u9996\u5148\u5b66\u4e60\u4e00\u4e2a \u5956\u52b1\u6a21\u578b&#xff0c;\u7136\u540e\u5229\u7528\u8be5\u5956\u52b1\u6a21\u578b\u901a\u8fc7\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u7b97\u6cd5&#xff08;\u5982PPO&#xff09;\u6765\u6539\u8fdb\u5927\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u3002 \u800c\u5728SFT\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u5219\u91c7\u7528\u4e86Teacher-Forcing\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5&#xff0c;\u76f4\u63a5\u4f18\u5316\u6a21\u578b\u5bf9\u5b9e\u4f8b\u8f93\u51fa\u7684 \u9884\u6d4b\u6982\u7387\u3002\u4ece\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u8bf4&#xff0c;SFT\u6240\u91c7\u7528\u7684\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bcd\u5143\u7ea7\u522b\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u201c\u884c\u4e3a\u514b\u9686\u201d\u5b83\u5229\u7528\u6559\u5e08\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u6570\u636e&#xff08;\u5373\u6bcf \u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u8bcd\u5143&#xff09;\u4f5c\u4e3a\u76d1\u7763\u6807\u7b7e&#xff0c;\u6765\u76f4\u63a5\u8bad\u7ec3\u5927\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u6a21\u4eff\u6559\u5e08\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u5728 \u5b9e\u73b0\u4e0a&#xff0c;SFT\u4e3b\u8981\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u5e8f\u5217\u5230\u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u76d1\u7763\u635f\u5931\u6765\u4f18\u5316\u6a21\u578b&#xff0c;\u800cRLHF\u5219\u4e3b\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u4e0e\u4eba\u7c7b\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u7684\u5bf9\u9f50\u3002\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u6765\u8bf4&#xff0c;\u4e3a\u4e86\u5b66\u4e60\u6559\u5e08 \u7684\u751f\u6210\u7b56\u7565&#xff0c;SFT\u91c7\u7528\u4e86\u57fa\u4e8e\u793a\u4f8b\u6570\u636e\u7684\u201c\u5c40\u90e8\u201d\u4f18\u5316\u65b9\u5f0f&#xff0c;\u5373\u8bcd\u5143\u7ea7\u522b\u7684\u635f\u5931\u51fd \u6570\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5bf9\u6bd4&#xff0c;RLHF\u5219\u91c7\u7528\u4e86\u6d89\u53ca\u4eba\u7c7b\u504f\u597d\u7684\u201c\u5168\u5c40\u201d\u4f18\u5316\u65b9\u5f0f&#xff0c;\u5373\u6587\u672c\u7ea7\u522b\u7684\u635f\u5931\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<p>SFT \u5df2\u7ecf\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u5927\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u5fae\u8c03\u65b9\u6cd5&#xff0c;\u80fd\u591f\u663e\u8457\u63d0\u5347\u5927\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u5728 \u5404\u79cd\u57fa\u51c6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e2d\u7684\u6027\u80fd&#xff0c;\u589e\u5f3a\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u4efb\u52a1\u4e0a\u7684\u6cdb\u5316\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u5173\u4e8eSFT&#xff0c;\u4eba\u4eec\u666e\u904d\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5176\u4f5c\u7528\u5728\u4e8e\u201c\u89e3\u9501\u201d\u5927\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u80fd\u529b&#xff0c;\u800c\u975e\u5411\u5927 \u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u201c\u6ce8\u5165\u201d\u65b0\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u56e0\u6b64&#xff0c;\u8bd5\u56fe\u901a\u8fc7SFT\u6fc0\u53d1\u5927\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u975e\u5185\u751f\u80fd\u529b\u65f6&#xff0c; \u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u4e00\u4e9b\u8d1f\u9762\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5f53\u5f85\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u6807\u6ce8\u6307\u4ee4\u6570\u636e\u8d85\u51fa\u4e86\u5927\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u6216 \u80fd\u529b\u8303\u56f4&#xff0c;\u4f8b\u5982\u8bad\u7ec3\u5927\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u56de\u7b54\u5173\u4e8e\u6a21\u578b\u672a\u77e5\u4e8b\u5b9e\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u65f6&#xff0c;\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u52a0\u91cd\u6a21 \u578b\u7684\u5e7b\u8c61&#xff08;Hallucination&#xff09;\u884c\u4e3a\u3002OpenAI \u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u7814\u7a76\u56e2\u961f\u7684\u8d1f\u8d23\u4eba\u3001PPO\u7b97\u6cd5 \u7684\u4f5c\u8005JohnSchulman\u5728\u4e00\u573a\u5173\u4e8eRLHF\u7684\u8bb2\u5ea7\u4e2d\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u89c2\u70b9&#xff1a;\u901a\u8fc7\u84b8 \u998f\u8f83\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u6765\u8bad\u7ec3\u8f83\u5c0f\u6a21\u578b\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u589e\u52a0\u6a21\u578b\u751f\u6210\u5e7b\u89c9\u6587\u672c\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027&#xff0c;\u4ece\u800c\u53ef\u80fd\u5f71 \u54cd\u5927\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9e\u51c6\u786e\u6027\u3002\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a&#xff0c;\u76ee\u524d\u65e0\u8bba\u5b66\u672f\u754c\u548c\u5de5\u4e1a\u754c\u90fd\u5728\u5927\u91cf\u4f7f \u7528GPT-4 \u8fdb\u884c\u6307\u4ee4\u5fae\u8c03\u6570\u636e\u7684\u84b8\u998f&#xff0c;\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u9664\u4e86\u8981\u8003\u8651\u6307\u4ee4\u6570\u636e\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u8d28 \u91cf\u5916&#xff0c;\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5173\u6ce8\u6a21\u578b\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u4e0e\u80fd\u529b\u8fb9\u754c&#xff0c;\u4ece\u800c\u51cf\u5c11\u5fae\u8c03\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6240\u4ea7 \u751f\u7684\u8d1f\u9762\u6548\u5e94&#xff0c;\u5982\u4e0a\u8ff0\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u5e7b\u8c61\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u6b64\u5916&#xff0c;\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u57fa\u4e8e\u884c\u4e3a\u514b\u9686\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u65b9\u6cd5&#xff0c;SFT\u65e8\u5728\u6a21\u4eff\u6784\u5efa\u6807\u6ce8\u6570\u636e\u7684\u6559 \u5e08\u7684\u884c\u4e3a&#xff0c;\u800c\u65e0\u6cd5\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u6709\u6548\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u63a2\u7d22\u3002\u7136\u800c&#xff0c;\u6807\u6ce8\u8005\u5728\u5199\u4f5c\u98ce\u683c\u3001 \u521b\u4f5c\u6c34\u5e73\u548c\u4e3b\u9898\u504f\u597d\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u7ecf\u5e38\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u5dee\u5f02&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90fd\u4f1a\u4f7f\u5f97\u6807\u6ce8\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u51fa\u73b0 \u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7279\u5f81&#xff0c;\u8fdb\u800c\u5f71\u54cdSFT\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u56e0\u6b64&#xff0c;\u5728SFT\u9636\u6bb5&#xff0c;\u9ad8\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u6570\u636e&#xff08;\u800c\u975e\u6570\u91cf&#xff09;\u662f\u5f71\u54cd\u5927\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u8bad\u7ec3\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u56e0\u7d20\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6700\u521d&#xff0c;RLHF\u662f\u5728\u6df1\u5ea6\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u6587\u732e\u4e2d\u88ab\u63d0\u51fa&#xff0c;\u968f\u540e\u88ab\u501f\u9274\u7528\u4e8e\u63d0\u5347\u8bed \u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u5728\u65e9\u671f\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u4e3b\u8981\u5173\u6ce8 \u4f7f\u7528RLHF\u52a0\u5f3a\u6a21\u578b\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4eba\u7c7b\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u7684\u9075\u5faa&#xff0c;\u51cf\u5c11\u6a21\u578b\u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u6709\u5bb3\u6027\u3002\u5728\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u76f8\u5173\u7814\u7a76\u53d1\u73b0RLHF\u5728\u51cf\u5c11\u6709\u5bb3\u5185\u5bb9\u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u540c\u65f6&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u80fd\u591f\u6709 \u6548\u589e\u5f3a\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u7efc\u5408\u80fd\u529b&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u5728LLaMA-2\u7684\u8bba\u6587\u4e2d\u6709\u7740\u5145\u5206\u8ba8\u8bba\u3002\u5728RLHF\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u6807\u6ce8\u5458 \u4e3b\u8981\u4e3a\u8bad\u7ec3\u8fc7\u7a0b\u63d0\u4f9b\u504f\u597d\u6807\u6ce8\u6570\u636e&#xff0c;\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u751f\u6210\u793a\u4f8b\u6570\u636e&#xff0c;\u56e0\u6b64\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c11 \u6807\u6ce8\u5458\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u3002\u5176\u6b21&#xff0c;\u4e0e\u7f16\u5199\u793a\u4f8b\u6570\u636e\u76f8\u6bd4&#xff0c;\u504f\u597d\u6807\u6ce8\u66f4\u4e3a\u7b80\u5355\u6613\u884c\u3002\u6807\u6ce8 \u5458\u751a\u81f3\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bc4\u4f30\u8d85\u51fa\u81ea\u5df1\u521b\u4f5c\u6c34\u5e73\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u8f93\u51fa\u8d28\u91cf&#xff0c;\u4f7f\u5f97\u6a21\u578b\u80fd\u591f\u63a2\u7d22\u6807\u6ce8\u5458\u80fd \u529b\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u7a7a\u95f4&#xff0c;\u800c\u4e0d\u7528\u53d7\u9650\u4e8e\u7ed9\u5b9a\u7684\u6559\u5e08\u793a\u4f8b\u3002\u4e0a\u8ff0\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u90fd\u4f7f\u5f97RLHF \u5728\u6570\u636e\u6807\u6ce8\u9636\u6bb5\u76f8\u6bd4SFT\u66f4\u52a0\u5177\u6709\u4f18\u52bf&#xff0c;\u66f4\u52a0\u5bb9\u6613\u5145\u5206\u53d1\u6325\u4eba\u7c7b\u6307\u5bfc\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u5728\u6a21\u578b\u5b66\u4e60\u9636\u6bb5&#xff0c;RLHF\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u6bd4\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u6570\u636e&#xff08;\u533a\u5206\u201c\u597d\u201d\u8f93\u51fa\u4e0e\u201c\u574f\u201d \u8f93\u51fa&#xff09;\u6765\u6307\u5bfc\u5927\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u5b66\u4e60\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u751f\u6210\u7b56\u7565&#xff0c;\u5b83\u4e0d\u518d\u5f3a\u8feb\u5927\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u6a21\u4eff\u6559\u5e08 \u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u6570\u636e&#xff0c;\u56e0\u6b64\u53ef\u4ee5\u7f13\u89e3\u4e0a\u8ff0\u63d0\u5230\u7684SFT\u6240\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u5e7b\u8c61\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5728RLHF\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d&#xff0c; \u5956\u52b1\u6a21\u578b\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u6765\u8bf4&#xff0c;\u5956\u52b1\u6a21\u578b\u5e94\u8be5\u80fd\u591f\u4e86\u89e3\u5f85\u5bf9\u9f50\u7684\u5927\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u6216\u80fd\u529b\u8303\u7574\u3002\u3002\u7136\u800c&#xff0c;RLHF \u4e5f\u7ee7\u627f\u4e86\u7ecf\u5178\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u7f3a\u70b9&#xff0c;\u5982\u6837\u672c\u5b66\u4e60\u6548\u7387\u4f4e\u548c\u8bad\u7ec3\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e0d\u7a33\u5b9a\u7b49\u95ee\u9898\u3002 \u56e0\u6b64&#xff0c;\u5f53\u8bad\u7ec3\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u65f6&#xff0c;RLHF\u9700\u8981\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u7ecf\u8fc7SFT\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7b56\u7565\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u521d \u59cb\u6a21\u578b&#xff0c;\u4ece\u800c\u5feb\u901f\u8fbe\u5230\u8f83\u597d\u7684\u8868\u73b0\u3002\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662fInstructGPT\u91c7\u7528SFT\u4f5c\u4e3aRLHF\u65b9\u6cd5 \u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u539f\u56e0\u3002\u6b64\u5916&#xff0c;RLHF\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u6301\u7eed\u591a\u8f6e&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u590d\u6742\u7684\u8fed\u4ee3 \u4f18\u5316\u8fc7\u7a0b&#xff0c;\u5176\u4e2d\u6d89\u53ca\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u91cd\u8981\u7ec6\u8282\u7684\u8bbe\u5b9a&#xff08;\u4f8b\u5982\u63d0\u793a\u9009\u62e9\u3001\u5956\u52b1\u6a21\u578b\u8bad\u7ec3\u3001PPO \u7684\u8d85\u53c2\u6570\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4ee5\u53ca\u8bad\u7ec3\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5bf9\u8d85\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u8c03\u6574&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u90fd\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u6574\u4e2a\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u6027\u80fd&#xff0c;\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7cbe\u786e\u7684\u9ad8\u6548\u590d\u73b0\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u8f83\u5927\u6311\u6218\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u603b\u7684\u6765\u8bf4&#xff0c;SFT\u7279\u522b\u9002\u5408\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u540e\u589e\u5f3a\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u6027\u80fd&#xff0c;\u5177\u6709\u5b9e\u73b0\u7b80\u5355\u3001\u5feb\u901f\u9ad8\u6548 \u7b49\u4f18\u70b9&#xff1b;\u800cRLHF\u53ef\u5728\u6b64\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u89c4\u907f\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u6709\u5bb3\u884c\u4e3a\u5e76\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u63d0\u9ad8\u6a21\u578b\u6027\u80fd&#xff0c;\u4f46\u662f \u5b9e\u73b0\u8f83\u4e3a\u56f0\u96be&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u6613\u8fdb\u884c\u9ad8\u6548\u4f18\u5316\u3002\u672a\u6765\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4ecd\u7136\u9700\u8981\u63a2\u7d22\u66f4\u4e3a\u6709\u6548\u7684\u5bf9\u9f50\u65b9 \u6cd5&#xff0c;\u540c\u65f6\u7ed3\u5408SFT\u4e0eRLHF\u7684\u4f18\u70b9\u3002\u6b64\u5916&#xff0c;\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u5173\u6ce8\u5f53\u6a21\u578b\u80fd\u529b\u8fbe\u5230\u8f83\u5f3a\u6c34\u5e73\u540e \u66f4\u4e3a\u6709\u6548\u7684\u5bf9\u9f50\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u9488\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898&#xff0c;OpenAI\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u201c\u8d85\u7ea7\u5bf9\u9f50\u201d&#xff08;Super-alignment&#xff09; \u8fd9\u4e00\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u5411&#xff0c;\u65e8\u5728\u80fd\u591f\u6709\u6548\u76d1\u7ba1\u5177\u6709\u8d85\u7ea7\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u90a3\u4e48&#xff0c;\u5982\u4f55\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u53bb\u5b66\u4e60\u5927\u6a21\u578bLLM&#xff1f;<\/h3>\n<p>\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u540d\u4ece\u4e1a\u4e94\u5e74\u7684\u8d44\u6df1\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u7b97\u6cd5\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08&#xff0c;\u6211\u7ecf\u5e38\u4f1a\u6536\u5230\u4e00\u4e9b\u8bc4\u8bba\u548c\u79c1\u4fe1&#xff0c;\u6211\u662f\u5c0f\u767d&#xff0c;\u5b66\u4e60\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u8be5\u4ece\u54ea\u91cc\u5165\u624b\u5462&#xff1f;\u6211\u81ea\u5b66\u6ca1\u6709\u65b9\u5411\u600e\u4e48\u529e&#xff1f;\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5730\u65b9\u6211\u4e0d\u4f1a\u554a\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u4e5f\u6709\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u7ecf\u5386&#xff0c;\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u7ee7\u7eed\u770b\u4e0b\u53bb&#xff01;\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u554a&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u4e09\u8a00\u4e24\u8bed\u554a\u5c31\u80fd\u8bb2\u660e\u767d\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u7efc\u5408\u4e86\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u6240\u6709\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b9&#xff0c;\u7ed9\u5927\u5bb6\u5e26\u6765\u4e00\u5957\u5168\u7f51\u6700\u5168\u6700\u7ec6\u7684\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u96f6\u57fa\u7840\u6559\u7a0b\u3002\u5728\u505a\u8fd9\u5957\u6559\u7a0b\u4e4b\u524d\u5462&#xff0c;\u6211\u5c31\u66fe\u653e\u7a7a\u5927\u8111&#xff0c;\u4ee5\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u5c0f\u767d\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u53bb\u91cd\u65b0\u89e3\u6790\u5b83&#xff0c;\u91c7\u7528\u57fa\u7840\u77e5\u8bc6\u548c\u5b9e\u6218\u9879\u76ee\u76f8\u7ed3\u5408\u7684\u6559\u5b66\u65b9\u5f0f&#xff0c;\u5386\u65f63\u4e2a\u6708&#xff0c;\u7ec8\u4e8e\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u8bfe\u7a0b&#xff0c;\u8ba9\u4f60\u771f\u6b63\u4f53\u4f1a\u5230\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u6bcf\u4e00\u79d2\u90fd\u5728\u75af\u72c2\u8f93\u51fa\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7531\u4e8e\u7bc7\u5e45\u6709\u9650&#xff0c;\u26a1\ufe0f \u670b\u53cb\u4eec\u5982\u679c\u6709\u9700\u8981\u5168\u5957 \u300a2025\u5168\u65b0\u5236\u4f5c\u7684\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u5168\u5957\u8d44\u6599\u300b&#xff0c;\u626b\u7801\u83b7\u53d6~<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/20260113064005-6965e8c52db7d.jpg\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" \/><\/p>\n<h3>\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u5b66\u4e60\u5927\u6a21\u578b&#xff1f;<\/h3>\n<p>\u6211\u56fd\u5728A\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u9886\u57df\u9762\u4e34\u4eba\u624d\u77ed\u7f3a,\u6570\u91cf\u4e0e\u8d28\u91cf\u5747\u843d\u540e\u4e8e\u53d1\u8fbe\u56fd\u5bb6\u30022023\u5e74&#xff0c;\u4eba\u624d\u7f3a\u53e3\u5df2\u8d85\u767e\u4e07&#xff0c;\u51f8\u663e\u57f9\u517b\u4e0d\u8db3\u3002\u968f\u7740AI\u6280\u672f\u98de\u901f\u53d1\u5c55&#xff0c;\u9884\u8ba1\u52302025\u5e74,\u8fd9\u4e00\u7f3a\u53e3\u5c06\u6025\u5267\u6269\u5927\u81f3400\u4e07,\u4e25\u91cd\u5236\u7ea6\u6211\u56fdAI\u4ea7\u4e1a\u7684\u521b\u65b0\u6b65\u4f10\u3002\u52a0\u5f3a\u4eba\u624d\u57f9\u517b,\u4f18\u5316\u6559\u80b2\u4f53\u7cfb,\u56fd\u9645\u5408\u4f5c\u5e76\u8fdb\u662f\u7834\u89e3\u56f0\u5c40\u3001\u63a8\u52a8AI\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u5173\u952e\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/20260113064006-6965e8c631a57.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" \/><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/20260113064006-6965e8c6499e6.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" \/><\/p>\n<h3>&#x1f449;\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u5b66\u4e60\u6307\u5357&#043;\u8def\u7ebf\u6c47\u603b&#x1f448;<\/h3>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u8fd9\u5957\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u8d44\u6599\u5462&#xff0c;\u4f1a\u4ece\u57fa\u7840\u7bc7\u3001\u8fdb\u9636\u7bc7\u548c\u9879\u76ee\u5b9e\u6218\u7bc7\u7b49\u4e09\u5927\u65b9\u9762\u6765\u8bb2\u89e3\u3002<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/20260113064006-6965e8c65ec77.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" \/><br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/20260113064007-6965e8c7bd2e5.jpg\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" \/><\/p>\n<h3>&#x1f449;\u2460.\u57fa\u7840\u7bc7&#x1f448;<\/h3>\n<p>\u57fa\u7840\u7bc7\u91cc\u9762\u5305\u62ec\u4e86Python\u5feb\u901f\u5165\u95e8\u3001AI\u5f00\u53d1\u73af\u5883\u642d\u5efa\u53ca\u63d0\u793a\u8bcd\u5de5\u7a0b&#xff0c;\u5e26\u4f60\u5b66\u4e60\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u6838\u5fc3\u539f\u7406\u3001prompt\u4f7f\u7528\u6280\u5de7\u3001Transformer\u67b6\u6784\u548c\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u3001SFT\u3001RLHF\u7b49\u4e00\u4e9b\u57fa\u7840\u6982\u5ff5&#xff0c;\u7528\u6700\u6613\u61c2\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5e26\u4f60\u5165\u95e8\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u3002<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/20260113064009-6965e8c9bab9d.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" \/><\/p>\n<h3>&#x1f449;\u2461.\u8fdb\u9636\u7bc7&#x1f448;<\/h3>\n<p>\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u662f\u8fdb\u9636\u7bc7&#xff0c;\u4f60\u5c06\u638c\u63e1RAG\u3001Agent\u3001Langchain\u3001\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u5fae\u8c03\u548c\u79c1\u6709\u5316\u90e8\u7f72&#xff0c;\u5b66\u4e60\u5982\u4f55\u6784\u5efa\u5916\u6302\u77e5\u8bc6\u5e93\u5e76\u548c\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4f01\u4e1a\u76f8\u7ed3\u5408&#xff0c;\u5b66\u4e60\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528langchain\u6846\u67b6\u63d0\u9ad8\u5f00\u53d1\u6548\u7387\u548c\u4ee3\u7801\u8d28\u91cf\u3001\u5b66\u4e60\u5982\u4f55\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u57fa\u5ea7\u6a21\u578b\u5e76\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u7684\u6536\u96c6\u9884\u5904\u7406\u4ee5\u53ca\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u5fae\u8c03\u7b49\u7b49\u3002<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"2026-01-13rizj3n3twh2.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" \/><\/p>\n<h3>&#x1f449;\u2462.\u5b9e\u6218\u7bc7&#x1f448;<\/h3>\n<p>\u5b9e\u6218\u7bc7\u4f1a\u624b\u628a\u624b\u5e26\u7740\u5927\u5bb6\u7ec3\u4e60\u4f01\u4e1a\u7ea7\u7684\u843d\u5730\u9879\u76ee&#xff08;\u5df2\u8131\u654f&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u6bd4\u5982RAG\u533b\u7597\u95ee\u7b54\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001Agent\u667a\u80fd\u7535\u5546\u5ba2\u670d\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001\u6570\u5b57\u4eba\u9879\u76ee\u5b9e\u6218\u3001\u6559\u80b2\u884c\u4e1a\u667a\u80fd\u52a9\u6559\u7b49\u7b49&#xff0c;\u4ece\u800c\u5e2e\u52a9\u5927\u5bb6\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u5e94\u5bf9\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u6311\u6218\u3002<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"2026-01-13uvtt4fufzjw.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" \/><\/p>\n<h4>&#x1f449;\u2463.\u798f\u5229\u7bc7&#x1f448;<\/h4>\n<p>\u6700\u540e\u5462&#xff0c;\u4f1a\u7ed9\u5927\u5bb6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0f\u798f\u5229&#xff0c;\u8bfe\u7a0b\u89c6\u9891\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u7d20\u6750&#xff0c;\u6709\u642d\u5efaAI\u5f00\u53d1\u73af\u5883\u8d44\u6599\u5305&#xff0c;\u8fd8\u6709\u5b66\u4e60\u8ba1\u5212\u8868&#xff0c;\u51e0\u5341\u4e0a\u767eG\u7d20\u6750\u3001\u7535\u5b50\u4e66\u548c\u8bfe\u4ef6\u7b49\u7b49&#xff0c;\u53ea\u8981\u4f60\u80fd\u60f3\u5230\u7684\u7d20\u6750&#xff0c;\u6211\u8fd9\u91cc\u51e0\u4e4e\u90fd\u6709\u3002\u6211\u5df2\u7ecf\u5168\u90e8\u4e0a\u4f20\u5230CSDN&#xff0c;\u670b\u53cb\u4eec\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u53ef\u4ee5\u5fae\u4fe1\u626b\u63cf\u4e0b\u65b9CSDN\u5b98\u65b9\u8ba4\u8bc1\u4e8c\u7ef4\u7801\u514d\u8d39\u9886\u53d6\u3010\u4fdd\u8bc1100%\u514d\u8d39\u3011<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"2026-01-131w4ykg24n0b.jpg\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" \/><br \/>\n\u76f8\u4fe1\u6211&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u5957\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u7cfb\u7edf\u6559\u7a0b\u5c06\u4f1a\u662f\u5168\u7f51\u6700\u9f50\u5168 \u6700\u6613\u61c2\u7684\u5c0f\u767d\u4e13\u7528\u8bfe&#xff01;&#xff01;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u6587\u7ae0\u6d4f\u89c8\u9605\u8bfb204\u6b21\uff0c\u70b9\u8d5e6\u6b21\uff0c\u6536\u85cf2\u6b21\u3002\u672c\u6587\u7cfb\u7edf\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u53d1\u5c55\u5386\u7a0b\u3001\u5206\u7c7b\u53ca\u6838\u5fc3\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u6db5\u76d6\u57fa\u7840\u6a21\u578b\u3001\u901a\u7528\u6a21\u578b\u548c\u63a8\u7406\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u533a\u522b\uff0c\u8be6\u7ec6\u89e3\u6790\u4e86Transformer\u67b6\u6784\u3001MOE\u67b6\u6784\u4ee5\u53ca\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u3001\u5fae\u8c03\u3001\u5bf9\u9f50\u7b49\u6784\u5efa\u6d41\u7a0b\u3002\u7279\u522b\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86DeepSeek-V3\u548cDeepSeek-R1\u4e24\u79cd\u5178\u578b\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u4e0e\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6307\u4ee4\u5fae\u8c03\u3001RLHF\u7b49\u5173\u952e\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u4e3a\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5168\u9762\u7684\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u5b66\u4e60\u6307\u5357\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":59232,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"topic":[],"class_list":["post-59252","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-server"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v20.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>\u3010\u6536\u85cf\u5fc5\u5907\u3011\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u6280\u672f\u5168\u89e3\u6790\uff1a\u4ece\u67b6\u6784\u5230\u5fae\u8c03\uff0c\u4e00\u6587\u638c\u63e1\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u6838\u5fc3\u77e5\u8bc6 - \u7f51\u7855\u4e92\u8054\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2d\u5fc3<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/59252.html\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"zh_CN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u3010\u6536\u85cf\u5fc5\u5907\u3011\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u6280\u672f\u5168\u89e3\u6790\uff1a\u4ece\u67b6\u6784\u5230\u5fae\u8c03\uff0c\u4e00\u6587\u638c\u63e1\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u6838\u5fc3\u77e5\u8bc6 - \u7f51\u7855\u4e92\u8054\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2d\u5fc3\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u6587\u7ae0\u6d4f\u89c8\u9605\u8bfb204\u6b21\uff0c\u70b9\u8d5e6\u6b21\uff0c\u6536\u85cf2\u6b21\u3002\u672c\u6587\u7cfb\u7edf\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u53d1\u5c55\u5386\u7a0b\u3001\u5206\u7c7b\u53ca\u6838\u5fc3\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u6db5\u76d6\u57fa\u7840\u6a21\u578b\u3001\u901a\u7528\u6a21\u578b\u548c\u63a8\u7406\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u533a\u522b\uff0c\u8be6\u7ec6\u89e3\u6790\u4e86Transformer\u67b6\u6784\u3001MOE\u67b6\u6784\u4ee5\u53ca\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u3001\u5fae\u8c03\u3001\u5bf9\u9f50\u7b49\u6784\u5efa\u6d41\u7a0b\u3002\u7279\u522b\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86DeepSeek-V3\u548cDeepSeek-R1\u4e24\u79cd\u5178\u578b\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u4e0e\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6307\u4ee4\u5fae\u8c03\u3001RLHF\u7b49\u5173\u952e\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u4e3a\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5168\u9762\u7684\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u5b66\u4e60\u6307\u5357\u3002\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/59252.html\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"\u7f51\u7855\u4e92\u8054\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2d\u5fc3\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2026-01-13T06:40:11+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/20260113063959-6965e8bff2044.png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u4f5c\u8005\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"\u9884\u8ba1\u9605\u8bfb\u65f6\u95f4\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"12 \u5206\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/59252.html\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/59252.html\",\"name\":\"\u3010\u6536\u85cf\u5fc5\u5907\u3011\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u6280\u672f\u5168\u89e3\u6790\uff1a\u4ece\u67b6\u6784\u5230\u5fae\u8c03\uff0c\u4e00\u6587\u638c\u63e1\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u6838\u5fc3\u77e5\u8bc6 - \u7f51\u7855\u4e92\u8054\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2d\u5fc3\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2026-01-13T06:40:11+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-01-13T06:40:11+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/#\/schema\/person\/358e386c577a3ab51c4493330a20ad41\"},\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/59252.html#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"zh-Hans\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/59252.html\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/59252.html#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"\u9996\u9875\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"\u3010\u6536\u85cf\u5fc5\u5907\u3011\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u6280\u672f\u5168\u89e3\u6790\uff1a\u4ece\u67b6\u6784\u5230\u5fae\u8c03\uff0c\u4e00\u6587\u638c\u63e1\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u6838\u5fc3\u77e5\u8bc6\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/\",\"name\":\"\u7f51\u7855\u4e92\u8054\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2d\u5fc3\",\"description\":\"\u9999\u6e2f\u670d\u52a1\u5668_\u9999\u6e2f\u4e91\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8d44\u8baf_\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5e2e\u52a9\u6587\u6863_\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6559\u7a0b\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"zh-Hans\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/#\/schema\/person\/358e386c577a3ab51c4493330a20ad41\",\"name\":\"admin\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"zh-Hans\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/gravatar.wp-china-yes.net\/avatar\/?s=96&d=mystery\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/gravatar.wp-china-yes.net\/avatar\/?s=96&d=mystery\",\"caption\":\"admin\"},\"sameAs\":[\"http:\/\/wp.wsisp.com\"],\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/author\/admin\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"\u3010\u6536\u85cf\u5fc5\u5907\u3011\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u6280\u672f\u5168\u89e3\u6790\uff1a\u4ece\u67b6\u6784\u5230\u5fae\u8c03\uff0c\u4e00\u6587\u638c\u63e1\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u6838\u5fc3\u77e5\u8bc6 - \u7f51\u7855\u4e92\u8054\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2d\u5fc3","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/59252.html","og_locale":"zh_CN","og_type":"article","og_title":"\u3010\u6536\u85cf\u5fc5\u5907\u3011\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u6280\u672f\u5168\u89e3\u6790\uff1a\u4ece\u67b6\u6784\u5230\u5fae\u8c03\uff0c\u4e00\u6587\u638c\u63e1\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u6838\u5fc3\u77e5\u8bc6 - \u7f51\u7855\u4e92\u8054\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2d\u5fc3","og_description":"\u6587\u7ae0\u6d4f\u89c8\u9605\u8bfb204\u6b21\uff0c\u70b9\u8d5e6\u6b21\uff0c\u6536\u85cf2\u6b21\u3002\u672c\u6587\u7cfb\u7edf\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u53d1\u5c55\u5386\u7a0b\u3001\u5206\u7c7b\u53ca\u6838\u5fc3\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u6db5\u76d6\u57fa\u7840\u6a21\u578b\u3001\u901a\u7528\u6a21\u578b\u548c\u63a8\u7406\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u533a\u522b\uff0c\u8be6\u7ec6\u89e3\u6790\u4e86Transformer\u67b6\u6784\u3001MOE\u67b6\u6784\u4ee5\u53ca\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u3001\u5fae\u8c03\u3001\u5bf9\u9f50\u7b49\u6784\u5efa\u6d41\u7a0b\u3002\u7279\u522b\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86DeepSeek-V3\u548cDeepSeek-R1\u4e24\u79cd\u5178\u578b\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u4e0e\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6307\u4ee4\u5fae\u8c03\u3001RLHF\u7b49\u5173\u952e\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u4e3a\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5168\u9762\u7684\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u5b66\u4e60\u6307\u5357\u3002","og_url":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/59252.html","og_site_name":"\u7f51\u7855\u4e92\u8054\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2d\u5fc3","article_published_time":"2026-01-13T06:40:11+00:00","og_image":[{"url":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/20260113063959-6965e8bff2044.png"}],"author":"admin","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"\u4f5c\u8005":"admin","\u9884\u8ba1\u9605\u8bfb\u65f6\u95f4":"12 \u5206"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/59252.html","url":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/59252.html","name":"\u3010\u6536\u85cf\u5fc5\u5907\u3011\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u6280\u672f\u5168\u89e3\u6790\uff1a\u4ece\u67b6\u6784\u5230\u5fae\u8c03\uff0c\u4e00\u6587\u638c\u63e1\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u6838\u5fc3\u77e5\u8bc6 - \u7f51\u7855\u4e92\u8054\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2d\u5fc3","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/#website"},"datePublished":"2026-01-13T06:40:11+00:00","dateModified":"2026-01-13T06:40:11+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/#\/schema\/person\/358e386c577a3ab51c4493330a20ad41"},"breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/59252.html#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"zh-Hans","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/59252.html"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/59252.html#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"\u9996\u9875","item":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"\u3010\u6536\u85cf\u5fc5\u5907\u3011\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u6280\u672f\u5168\u89e3\u6790\uff1a\u4ece\u67b6\u6784\u5230\u5fae\u8c03\uff0c\u4e00\u6587\u638c\u63e1\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u6838\u5fc3\u77e5\u8bc6"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/","name":"\u7f51\u7855\u4e92\u8054\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2d\u5fc3","description":"\u9999\u6e2f\u670d\u52a1\u5668_\u9999\u6e2f\u4e91\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8d44\u8baf_\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5e2e\u52a9\u6587\u6863_\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6559\u7a0b","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":"required name=search_term_string"}],"inLanguage":"zh-Hans"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/#\/schema\/person\/358e386c577a3ab51c4493330a20ad41","name":"admin","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"zh-Hans","@id":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/gravatar.wp-china-yes.net\/avatar\/?s=96&d=mystery","contentUrl":"https:\/\/gravatar.wp-china-yes.net\/avatar\/?s=96&d=mystery","caption":"admin"},"sameAs":["http:\/\/wp.wsisp.com"],"url":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/author\/admin"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/59252","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=59252"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/59252\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/59232"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=59252"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=59252"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=59252"},{"taxonomy":"topic","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/topic?post=59252"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}