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\u5b9e\u73b0\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7f13\u5b58<\/span><\/h2>\n

\u4f7f\u7528 MongoDB \u5b9e\u73b0\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7f13\u5b58\u9700\u8981\u5728\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u548c MongoDB \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e4b\u95f4\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u62bd\u8c61\u5c42\u3002\u00a0\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 Redis\u2014\u2014\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u9002\u5408\u7f13\u5b58\u9700\u6c42\u7684\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u5185\u5b58\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u5b58\u50a8\u2014\u2014\u6765\u6ee1\u8db3\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u7f13\u5b58\u9700\u6c42\u3002Redis \u662f\u4e13\u95e8\u4e3a\u7f13\u5b58\u800c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3a fetchPosts()\u7684\u51fd\u6570，\u5b83\u4ece MongoDB \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u68c0\u7d22\u6240\u6709\u535a\u5ba2\u6587\u7ae0：<\/span><\/p>\n

std::vector<Post> fetchPosts(mongocxx::collection& postCollection) {
\n std::vector<Post> posts;
\n auto cursor = postCollection.find({});
\n for(auto&& doc : cursor) {
\n Post post;
\n \/\/ Assume that fillPostFromDoc() fills a Post object from a BSON document.
\n fillPostFromDoc(post, doc);
\n posts.push_back(post);
\n }
\n return posts;
\n}<\/p>\n

\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765，\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u4f7f\u7528 Redis \u4e3a\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u6dfb\u52a0\u7f13\u5b58\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u00a0\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f，\u4e0a\u8ff0\u793a\u4f8b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5047\u8bbe\u60a8\u5df2\u8fd0\u884c Redis \u5b9e\u4f8b\u5e76\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u8fde\u63a5\u3002\u00a0\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u4f7f\u7528 cpp_redis \u5e93\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0 C++\u4e0e Redis \u7684\u4ea4\u4e92\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

#include <cpp_redis\/cpp_redis>
\n\/\/ Assume that redisClient is a connected cpp_redis::client instance.
\nstd::vector<Post> fetchPosts(mongocxx::collection& postCollection) {
\n std::vector<Post> posts;
\n std::string cacheKey = "posts";
\n cpp_redis::reply redisReply = redisClient.get(cacheKey);
\n redisClient.sync_commit();
\n \/\/ Cache miss: key doesn't exist in Redis.
\n if(redisReply.is_null()) {
\n \/\/ Fetch posts from MongoDB.
\n auto cursor = postCollection.find({});
\n for(auto&& doc : cursor) {
\n Post post;
\n fillPostFromDoc(post, doc);
\n posts.push_back(post);
\n }
\n \/\/ Cache the result in Redis. Assume that postsToJson() converts a vector of Post objects to a JSON string.
\n \/\/ The third argument is the TTL (time-to-live) of the cache entry, after which it'll be automatically deleted.
\n \/\/ Here it's set to 60 seconds.
\n redisClient.set(cacheKey, postsToJson(posts), 60);
\n redisClient.sync_commit();
\n }
\n \/\/ Cache hit: key exists in Redis.
\n else {
\n \/\/ Assume that jsonToPosts() converts a JSON string to a vector of Post objects.
\n posts = jsonToPosts(redisReply.as_string());
\n }
\n return posts;
\n}<\/p>\n

\u5fc5\u987b\u7262\u8bb0，\u5f53\u535a\u5ba2\u6587\u7ae0\u88ab\u6dfb\u52a0\u3001\u66f4\u65b0\u6216\u5220\u9664\u65f6，\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u65b0\u6216\u4f7f\u7f13\u5b58\u5931\u6548\u3002\u00a0\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4fee\u6539\u76f8\u5e94\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0，\u540c\u65f6\u66f4\u65b0\u6216\u5220\u9664 Redis \u4e2d\u7684 posts \u952e\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

void addPost(mongocxx::collection& postCollection, const Post& post) {
\n \/\/ Add post to MongoDB.
\n postCollection.insert_one(postToDoc(post)); \/\/ Assume that postToDoc() converts a Post object to a BSON document.
\n \/\/ Invalidate the cache.
\n redisClient.del(std::vector<std::string>{"posts"});
\n redisClient.sync_commit();
\n}<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u4e9b\u662f\u7b80\u5316\u793a\u4f8b，\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u7684\u7f13\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406\u7b56\u7565\u3002\u00a0\u4f8b\u5982，\u60a8\u53ef\u80fd\u53ea\u60f3\u7f13\u5b58\u70ed\u95e8\u535a\u5ba2\u6587\u7ae0\u6216\u83b7\u53d6\u6210\u672c\u8f83\u9ad8\u7684\u6587\u7ae0，\u6216\u8005\u4f7f\u7528\u66f4\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u7f13\u5b58\u5931\u6548\u7b56\u7565\u6765\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u4fdd\u6301\u7f13\u5b58\u7684\u65b0\u9c9c\u5ea6\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7f13\u5b58\u7b56\u7565<\/span><\/h2>\n

\u91c7\u7528\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7f13\u5b58\u7b56\u7565\u53ef\u4ee5\u663e\u8457\u63d0\u5347\u535a\u5ba2\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u00a0\u7f13\u5b58\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u9700\u6c42\u548c\u9650\u5236\u6761\u4ef6\u3002\u00a0\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u535a\u5ba2\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u5b9e\u65bd\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u79cd\u7b56\u7565\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u7f13\u5b58\u5355\u7bc7\u535a\u5ba2\u6587\u7ae0<\/span><\/p>\n

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\/\/ \u5047\u8bbe redisClient \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5df2\u8fde\u63a5\u7684 cpp_redis::client \u5b9e\u4f8b\u3002
\nPost fetchPost(mongocxx::collection& postCollection, const std::string& postId) {
\n Post post;
\n std::string cacheKey = "post:" + postId;
\n cpp_redis::reply redisReply = redisClient.get(cacheKey);
\n redisClient.sync_commit();
\n if(redisReply.is_null()) {
\n \/\/ Fetch post from MongoDB.
\n bsoncxx::document::view_or_value filter = document{} << "_id" << bsoncxx::oid(postId) << finalize;
\n auto maybeResult = postCollection.find_one(filter);<\/p>\n

if(maybeResult) {
\n fillPostFromDoc(post, maybeResult.value());<\/p>\n

\/\/ Cache the post in Redis for 60 seconds.
\n redisClient.set(cacheKey, postToJson(post), 60);
\n redisClient.sync_commit();
\n }
\n else {
\n \/\/ Handle the case when the post doesn't exist.
\n }
\n }
\n else {
\n post = jsonToPost(redisReply.as_string());
\n }
\n return post;
\n}<\/p>\n

\u65c1\u8def\u7f13\u5b58\/\u5ef6\u8fdf\u52a0\u8f7d<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u76f4\u5199\u5f0f\u7f13\u5b58<\/span><\/p>\n

\u76f4\u5199\u7b56\u7565\u786e\u4fdd\u7f13\u5b58\u4e0e\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u3002\u00a0\u5f53\u6570\u636e\u88ab\u5199\u5165\u65f6，\u5b83\u4f1a\u540c\u65f6\u5199\u5165\u7f13\u5b58\u548c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3002\u00a0\u7f13\u5b58\u59cb\u7ec8\u4e0e\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4fdd\u6301\u540c\u6b65，\u8bfb\u53d6\u64cd\u4f5c\u5177\u6709\u4f4e\u5ef6\u8fdf，\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u603b\u662f\u547d\u4e2d\u7f13\u5b58\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5b9e\u73b0\u76f4\u5199\u7f13\u5b58\u9700\u8981\u4fee\u6539\u5199\u64cd\u4f5c（\u5982 addPost()\u3001updatePost()\u548c deletePost()）\u4ee5\u540c\u65f6\u66f4\u65b0\u7f13\u5b58\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

void updatePost(mongocxx::collection& postCollection, const Post& post) {
\n \/\/ Update post in MongoDB.
\n bsoncxx::document::view_or_value filter = document{} << "_id" << bsoncxx::oid(post.id) << finalize;
\n bsoncxx::document::view_or_value update = document{} << "$set" << open_document << "title" << post.title << "body" << post.body << close_document << finalize;
\n postCollection.update_one(filter, update);
\n \/\/ Update cache.
\n std::string cacheKey = "post:" + post.id;
\n redisClient.set(cacheKey, postToJson(post));
\n redisClient.sync_commit();
\n}<\/p>\n

\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5b9e\u73b0\u5e94\u7528\u7f13\u5b58\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u8003\u8651\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u7b56\u7565\u3002\u00a0\u6839\u636e\u60a8\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u9700\u6c42\u548c\u6570\u636e\u7279\u6027，\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7b56\u7565\u6216\u591a\u79cd\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u7ec4\u5408\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4f7f\u7528 gRPC \u63d0\u5347\u7f13\u5b58\u6027\u80fd<\/span><\/h2>\n

gRPC \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u3001\u5f00\u6e90\u3001\u901a\u7528\u7684 RPC \u6846\u67b6\u3002\u00a0\u5b83\u5728\u6539\u5584\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u7f13\u5b58\u65b9\u9762\u80fd\u6210\u4e3a\u5f97\u529b\u5de5\u5177，\u539f\u56e0\u5982\u4e0b\u3002gRPC \u5141\u8bb8\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u50cf\u8c03\u7528\u672c\u5730\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e00\u6837\u76f4\u63a5\u8c03\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5，\u4f7f\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u5e94\u7528\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u6784\u5efa\u66f4\u52a0\u4fbf\u6377\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u56fe 7.2 gRPC \u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406<\/span><\/p>\n

\u8981\u5229\u7528 gRPC \u5b9e\u73b0\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u7f13\u5b58，\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5728.proto \u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u670d\u52a1\u3002\u00a0\u8be5\u670d\u52a1\u5e94\u5305\u542b\u53ef\u7f13\u5b58\u6570\u636e\u83b7\u53d6\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002gRPC \u4f1a\u6839\u636e\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5b9a\u4e49\u81ea\u52a8\u751f\u6210\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5b9a\u4e49\u670d\u52a1<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5728.proto \u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u670d\u52a1：<\/span><\/p>\n

syntax = "proto3";
\nservice BlogService {
\n rpc GetPost(GetPostRequest) returns (Post);
\n rpc ListPosts(Empty) returns (PostList);
\n}
\nmessage GetPostRequest {
\n string id = 1;
\n}
\nmessage Post {
\n string id = 1;
\n string title = 2;
\n string body = 3;
\n}
\nmessage PostList {
\n repeated Post posts = 1;
\n}
\nmessage Empty {}<\/p>\n

\u6570\u636e\u83b7\u53d6<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5728\u751f\u6210\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e2d，\u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u7f13\u5b58：<\/span><\/p>\n

class BlogServiceImpl final : public BlogService::Service {
\npublic:
\n grpc::Status GetPost(grpc::ServerContext* context, const GetPostRequest* request, Post* response) override {
\n \/\/ Fetch the post from cache or from MongoDB.
\n Post post = fetchPost(postCollection, request->id());
\n \/\/ Fill the response with the fetched post.
\n response->set_id(post.id);
\n response->set_title(post.title);
\n response->set_body(post.body);
\n return grpc::Status::OK;
\n }
\n grpc::Status ListPosts(grpc::ServerContext* context, const Empty* request, PostList* response) override {
\n \/\/ Fetch the list of posts from cache or from MongoDB.
\n std::vector<Post> posts = fetchPostList(postCollection);
\n \/\/ Fill the response with the fetched posts.
\n for(const Post& post : posts) {
\n Post* postInResponse = response->add_posts();
\n postInResponse->set_id(post.id);
\n postInResponse->set_title(post.title);
\n postInResponse->set_body(post.body);
\n }
\n return grpc::Status::OK;
\n }
\n};<\/p>\n

\u5efa\u7acb gRPC \u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/span><\/p>\n

\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f7f\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684 gRPC \u670d\u52a1\u5668：<\/span><\/p>\n

int main() {
\n std::string serverAddress("0.0.0.0:50051");
\n BlogServiceImpl service;
\n grpc::ServerBuilder builder;
\n builder.AddListeningPort(serverAddress, grpc::InsecureServerCredentials());
\n builder.RegisterService(&service);
\n std::unique_ptr<grpc::Server> server(builder.BuildAndStart());
\n std::cout << "Server listening on " << serverAddress << std::endl;
\n server->Wait();
\n return 0;
\n}<\/p>\n

\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f，gRPC \u5e2e\u52a9\u62bd\u8c61\u4e86\u8fdc\u7a0b\u8fc7\u7a0b\u8c03\u7528\u7684\u590d\u6742\u6027，\u4f7f\u60a8\u80fd\u591f\u4e13\u6ce8\u4e8e\u5e94\u7528\u903b\u8f91\u672c\u8eab\u3002\u00a0\u901a\u8fc7\u4e3a\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u64cd\u4f5c\u5b9a\u4e49\u670d\u52a1，\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u65e0\u7f1d\u96c6\u6210\u7f13\u5b58\u3001\u63d0\u5347\u6027\u80fd\u5e76\u6709\u6548\u6269\u5c55\u5e94\u7528\u3002gRPC \u4f7f\u7528 HTTP\/2 \u534f\u8bae，\u5176\u6027\u80fd\u6548\u7387\u8fdc\u9ad8\u4e8e HTTP\/1\u3002\u00a0\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a HTTP\/2 \u652f\u6301\u8bf7\u6c42\/\u54cd\u5e94\u591a\u8def\u590d\u7528，\u5141\u8bb8\u591a\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u548c\u54cd\u5e94\u540c\u65f6\u4f20\u8f93\u3002\u00a0\u5b83\u8fd8\u652f\u6301\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u63a8\u9001，\u53ef\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u4f18\u5316\u7f13\u5b58\u673a\u5236\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u7f13\u5b58\u6dd8\u6c70\u7b56\u7565<\/span><\/h2>\n

\u7f13\u5b58\u6dd8\u6c70\u662f\u9ad8\u901f\u7f13\u5b58\u5c42\u7ba1\u7406\u4e2d\u7684\u5173\u952e\u6d41\u7a0b，\u8be5\u5b58\u50a8\u5c42\u4fdd\u5b58\u7740\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u80fd\u518d\u6b21\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002\u00a0\u7f13\u5b58\u6dd8\u6c70\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u79fb\u9664\u90e8\u5206\u73b0\u6709\u6761\u76ee\u4e3a\u65b0\u6761\u76ee\u817e\u51fa\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u00a0\u5f53\u7f13\u5b58\u5df2\u6ee1\u4e14\u9700\u8981\u5bb9\u7eb3\u65b0\u6761\u76ee\u65f6，\u8fd9\u4e00\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5c31\u53d8\u5f97\u5fc5\u8981\u3002\u00a0\u51b3\u5b9a\u5e94\u79fb\u9664\u54ea\u4e2a\u73b0\u6709\u6761\u76ee\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6216\u7b56\u7565\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u7f13\u5b58\u6dd8\u6c70\u7b56\u7565\u3002\u00a0\u5b58\u5728\u591a\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7f13\u5b58\u6dd8\u6c70\u7b56\u7565，\u4f46\u5728\u672c\u6b21\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e2d，\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u91cd\u70b9\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e09\u79cd\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u7b56\u7565：\u6700\u8fd1\u6700\u5c11\u4f7f\u7528(LRU)\u3001\u6700\u4e0d\u7ecf\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528(LFU)\u548c\u968f\u673a\u66ff\u6362(RR)\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u6700\u8fd1\u6700\u5c11\u4f7f\u7528(LRU)<\/span><\/p>\n

\u6700\u8fd1\u6700\u5c11\u4f7f\u7528（LRU）\u7b56\u7565\u662f\u6700\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u7f13\u5b58\u6dd8\u6c70\u7b56\u7565\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u00a0\u987e\u540d\u601d\u4e49，\u8be5\u7b56\u7565\u4f1a\u79fb\u9664\u6700\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u672a\u88ab\u4f7f\u7528\u6216\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u6761\u76ee\u3002\u00a0\u5176\u57fa\u672c\u5047\u8bbe\u662f：\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6761\u76ee\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u672a\u88ab\u8bf7\u6c42，\u90a3\u4e48\u5b83\u5728\u8fd1\u671f\u88ab\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u8f83\u4f4e\u3002\u00a0\u4f8b\u5982，\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u535a\u5ba2\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u7f13\u5b58\u6700\u8fd1\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u535a\u5ba2\u6587\u7ae0\u65f6，\u5f53\u7f13\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e0d\u8db3\u65f6，LRU \u7b56\u7565\u4f1a\u8981\u6c42\u6211\u4eec\u4e22\u5f03\u6700\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u672a\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5b9e\u73b0 LRU \u7f13\u5b58\u53ef\u4ee5\u9ad8\u6548\u5730\u901a\u8fc7\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u4e0e\u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u7ec4\u5408\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u3002\u00a0\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5bf9\u7f13\u5b58\u7684\u5e38\u6570\u65f6\u95f4\u8bbf\u95ee，\u786e\u4fdd\u6570\u636e\u80fd\u88ab\u5feb\u901f\u68c0\u7d22\u3002\u00a0\u800c\u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u5219\u5141\u8bb8\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u5e38\u6570\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u6dfb\u52a0\u6216\u79fb\u9664\u6761\u76ee，\u4f7f\u5176\u6210\u4e3a\u7ef4\u62a4\u57fa\u4e8e\u4f7f\u7528\u987a\u5e8f\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u6700\u4e0d\u7ecf\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528（LFU）<\/span><\/p>\n

\u6700\u4e0d\u7ecf\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528（LFU）\u7b56\u7565\u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u7f13\u5b58\u6dd8\u6c70\u7b56\u7565\u3002\u00a0\u8be5\u7b56\u7565\u4f1a\u6dd8\u6c70\u88ab\u8bf7\u6c42\u9891\u7387\u6700\u4f4e\u7684\u7f13\u5b58\u9879\u3002\u00a0\u5176\u539f\u7406\u5728\u4e8e：\u5982\u679c\u67d0\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u5f88\u5c11\u88ab\u8bf7\u6c42，\u90a3\u4e48\u5b83\u8fd1\u671f\u518d\u6b21\u88ab\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u4e5f\u8f83\u4f4e\u3002\u00a0\u5b9e\u73b0 LFU \u7f13\u5b58\u53ef\u80fd\u6bd4 LRU \u66f4\u590d\u6742，\u4f46\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u573a\u666f\u4e0b\u80fd\u83b7\u5f97\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u6548\u679c\u3002\u00a0\u5b83\u9700\u8981\u8bb0\u5f55\u8bbf\u95ee\u9891\u7387，\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e2a\u54c8\u5e0c\u6620\u5c04\u6765\u5b58\u50a8\u7f13\u5b58\u9879，\u518d\u7528\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6765\u8bb0\u5f55\u8bbf\u95ee\u9891\u7387\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u968f\u673a\u66ff\u6362（RR）<\/span><\/p>\n

\u968f\u673a\u66ff\u6362（RR）\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u4ee5\u7b80\u5355\u8457\u79f0\u7684\u7f13\u5b58\u6dd8\u6c70\u7b56\u7565\u3002\u00a0\u5f53\u7f13\u5b58\u5df2\u6ee1\u65f6，\u968f\u673a\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u4e2a\u6761\u76ee\u8fdb\u884c\u6dd8\u6c70，\u4e3a\u65b0\u6761\u76ee\u817e\u51fa\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u00a0\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u5b9e\u73b0\u7b80\u5355，\u4f46\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u8003\u8651\u4f7f\u7528\u6a21\u5f0f，\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u9891\u7e41\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u9879\u76ee\u88ab\u610f\u5916\u6dd8\u6c70\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u7f13\u5b58\u6dd8\u6c70\u7b56\u7565\u5728\u4f18\u5316\u7f13\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u9762\u8d77\u7740\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u00a0\u901a\u8fc7\u786e\u4fdd\u7f13\u5b58\u4e2d\u4fdd\u5b58\u6700\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u6570\u636e，\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7b56\u7565\u53ef\u4ee5\u663e\u8457\u63d0\u9ad8\u540e\u7aef\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u6548\u7387\u548c\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u00a0\u4f46\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f，\u6700\u4f73\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u901a\u5e38\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u8bbf\u95ee\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u00a0\u4f8b\u5982，\u535a\u5ba2\u7f51\u7ad9\u53ef\u80fd\u66f4\u9002\u5408\u91c7\u7528 LRU \u6216 LFU \u7b56\u7565，\u56e0\u4e3a\u67d0\u4e9b\u535a\u6587\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u6bd4\u5176\u4ed6\u5185\u5bb9\u88ab\u66f4\u9891\u7e41\u5730\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002\u00a0\u800c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8bbf\u95ee\u6a21\u5f0f\u66f4\u96be\u9884\u6d4b\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f，RR \u7b56\u7565\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u3002\u00a0\u56e0\u6b64，\u7406\u89e3\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7279\u6027\u53ca\u5176\u6570\u636e\u8bbf\u95ee\u6a21\u5f0f\u662f\u9009\u62e9\u6700\u6709\u6548\u7f13\u5b58\u6dd8\u6c70\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u5173\u952e\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

LRU \u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u6848<\/span><\/h2>\n

\u6700\u8fd1\u6700\u5c11\u4f7f\u7528(LRU)\u7f13\u5b58\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u5305\u542b\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e3b\u8981\u7ec4\u4ef6：\u7528\u4e8e\u5e38\u91cf\u65f6\u95f4\u6570\u636e\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868，\u4ee5\u53ca\u7528\u4e8e\u5e38\u91cf\u65f6\u95f4\u6570\u636e\u6dfb\u52a0\u548c\u5220\u9664\u7684\u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u3002\u00a0\u5728\u4ee5\u4e0b\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d，\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u4f7f\u7528 C++\u6807\u51c6\u6a21\u677f\u5e93\u4e3a\u5047\u8bbe\u7684\u535a\u5ba2\u5e94\u7528\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e00\u4e2a LRU \u7f13\u5b58：<\/span><\/p>\n

#include <unordered_map>
\n#include <list>
\n#include <iostream>
\n\/\/ Implementing an LRU Cache using C++ STL
\nclass LRUCache {
\npublic:
\n LRUCache(int capacity): size(capacity) {}
\n int get(int key) {
\n if(cache.find(key) == cache.end()) return -1;
\n moveToFront(key);
\n return cache[key].second;
\n }
\n void put(int key, int value) {
\n if(cache.find(key) != cache.end())
\n removeKey(key);
\n else if(cache.size() == size)
\n removeKey(lru.back());
\n addToFront(key, value);
\n }
\nprivate:
\n typedef std::pair<int, int> Pair;
\n typedef std::list<int>::iterator ListIterator;
\n std::unordered_map<int, std::pair<int, ListIterator>> cache;
\n std::list<int> lru;
\n int size;
\n void addToFront(int key, int value) {
\n lru.push_front(key);
\n cache[key] = {value, lru.begin()};
\n }
\n void removeKey(int key) {
\n lru.erase(cache[key].second);
\n cache.erase(key);
\n }
\n void moveToFront(int key) {
\n lru.erase(cache[key].second);
\n lru.push_front(key);
\n cache[key].second = lru.begin();
\n }
\n};<\/p>\n

\u5728\u8fd9\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d，\u6211\u4eec\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3a LRUCache \u7684\u7c7b\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u6700\u8fd1\u6700\u5c11\u4f7f\u7528(LRU)\u7f13\u5b58\u3002LRUCache \u7c7b\u5305\u542b\u4e24\u4e2a\u79c1\u6709\u6210\u5458：\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3a cache \u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u6620\u5c04\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3a lru \u7684\u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u3002\u00a0\u54c8\u5e0c\u6620\u5c04 cache \u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u7f13\u5b58\u7684\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u3002\u00a0\u952e\u662f\u6570\u636e\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u6807\u8bc6\u7b26，\u503c\u662f\u5b9e\u9645\u6570\u636e\u3002\u00a0\u54c8\u5e0c\u6620\u5c04\u5141\u8bb8\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u7ed9\u5b9a\u952e\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u4ee5\u6052\u5b9a\u65f6\u95f4\u8bbf\u95ee\u4efb\u4f55\u503c，\u4f7f\u5176\u6210\u4e3a\u5b9e\u73b0\u6b64\u76ee\u7684\u7684\u9ad8\u6548\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u8868 lru \u7528\u4e8e\u8bb0\u5f55\u952e\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u987a\u5e8f\u3002\u00a0\u6700\u8fd1\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u952e\u4f4d\u4e8e\u94fe\u8868\u524d\u7aef，\u800c\u6700\u4e45\u672a\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u952e\u4f4d\u4e8e\u94fe\u8868\u672b\u7aef\u3002\u00a0\u5f53\u7f13\u5b58\u5df2\u6ee1\u4e14\u9700\u8981\u6dfb\u52a0\u65b0\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u65f6，\u8be5\u94fe\u8868\u80fd\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u5feb\u901f\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5e76\u79fb\u9664\u6700\u4e45\u672a\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u952e\u3002LRUCache \u7c7b\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u4e2a get()\u51fd\u6570，\u7528\u4e8e\u68c0\u67e5\u952e\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u7f13\u5b58\u4e2d\u3002\u00a0\u82e5\u952e\u5b58\u5728，\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u4f1a\u5c06\u5176\u79fb\u81f3 lru \u94fe\u8868\u524d\u7aef，\u6807\u8bb0\u4e3a\u6700\u8fd1\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u952e\u3002\u00a0\u968f\u540e\u8fd4\u56de\u4e0e\u8be5\u952e\u5173\u8054\u7684\u503c\u3002\u00a0\u82e5\u952e\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u7f13\u5b58\u4e2d，\u5219\u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de\u9884\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u7f13\u5b58\u672a\u547d\u4e2d\u503c\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

put()\u51fd\u6570\u7528\u4e8e\u5411\u7f13\u5b58\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u65b0\u7684\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u3002\u00a0\u5982\u679c\u8be5\u952e\u5df2\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u7f13\u5b58\u4e2d，\u51fd\u6570\u4f1a\u5148\u79fb\u9664\u65e7\u7684\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u518d\u6dfb\u52a0\u65b0\u503c\u3002\u00a0\u8fd9\u786e\u4fdd\u4e86\u7f13\u5b58\u4e2d\u59cb\u7ec8\u4fdd\u5b58\u7740\u6307\u5b9a\u952e\u7684\u6700\u65b0\u503c\u3002\u00a0\u5f53\u7f13\u5b58\u8fbe\u5230\u5bb9\u91cf\u4e0a\u9650\u65f6，\u51fd\u6570\u4f1a\u5148\u79fb\u9664\u6700\u8fd1\u6700\u5c11\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u952e\u503c\u5bf9，\u518d\u6dfb\u52a0\u65b0\u6761\u76ee\u3002\u00a0\u8fd9\u6b63\u662f LRU（\u6700\u8fd1\u6700\u5c11\u4f7f\u7528）\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u3002moveToFront()\u3001removeKey()\u548c addToFront()\u662f\u8f85\u52a9\u51fd\u6570，\u7528\u4e8e\u7ef4\u62a4 lru \u94fe\u8868\u548c\u7f13\u5b58\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u3002moveToFront()\u51fd\u6570\u5c06\u6307\u5b9a\u952e\u79fb\u52a8\u5230 lru \u94fe\u8868\u7684\u6700\u524d\u7aef\u3002removeKey()\u51fd\u6570\u4f1a\u4ece\u7f13\u5b58\u548c lru \u94fe\u8868\u4e2d\u540c\u65f6\u79fb\u9664\u6307\u5b9a\u952e\u3002addToFront()\u51fd\u6570\u5219\u5c06\u65b0\u952e\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230 lru \u94fe\u8868\u524d\u7aef，\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u5173\u8054\u503c\u5b58\u5165\u7f13\u5b58\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u8da3\u7684 LRU \u7f13\u5b58\u65b9\u6848\u3002\u00a0\u5176 get \u548c put \u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5747\u4e3a O(1)，\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u65e0\u8bba\u7f13\u5b58\u89c4\u6a21\u5982\u4f55，\u8fd9\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\u90fd\u80fd\u5728\u6052\u5b9a\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u5b8c\u6210\u3002\u00a0\u8fd9\u79cd LRU \u7f13\u5b58\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6a21\u5f0f\u975e\u5e38\u9002\u5408\u8d44\u6e90\u6709\u9650\u4e14\u6548\u7387\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u73b0\u5b9e\u573a\u666f，\u4f8b\u5982\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u67e5\u8be2\u3001\u7f51\u9875\u7f13\u5b58\u4ee5\u53ca\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406\u7b49\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

LFU \u5b9e\u73b0<\/span><\/h2>\n

\u5b9e\u73b0\u6700\u4e0d\u7ecf\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528（LFU）\u7f13\u5b58\u7b56\u7565\u6bd4 LRU \u7a0d\u590d\u6742，\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u9700\u8981\u8ddf\u8e2a\u6570\u636e\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u9891\u7387\u3002\u00a0\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u8003\u8651\u4f7f\u7528 C++\u6807\u51c6\u5e93（STL）\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684 LFU \u7f13\u5b58：<\/span><\/p>\n

#include <unordered_map>
\n#include <list>
\n#include <iostream>
\nclass LFUCache {
\n int cap, size, minFreq;
\n std::unordered_map<int, std::pair<int, int>> m; \/\/Key to {value,freq};
\n std::unordered_map<int, std::list<std::list<int>::iterator>> freq; \/\/Freq to key list;
\n std::unordered_map<int, std::list<int>> l; \/\/key to iterator;
\npublic:
\n LFUCache(int capacity) {
\n cap = capacity;
\n size = 0;
\n }<\/p>\n

int get(int key) {
\n if(m.find(key) != m.end()) {
\n freq[m[key].second].erase(l[key]);
\n if(freq[m[key].second].empty()) freq.erase(m[key].second);
\n ++m[key].second;
\n freq[m[key].second].push_back(key);
\n l[key] = –freq[m[key].second].end();
\n if(minFreq == m[key].second – 1 && freq.find(minFreq) == freq.end())
\n ++minFreq;
\n return m[key].first;
\n }
\n return -1;
\n }<\/p>\n

void put(int key, int value) {
\n if(cap <= 0) return;
\n int storedValue = get(key);
\n if(storedValue != -1) {
\n m[key].first = value;
\n return;
\n }
\n if(size >= cap ) {
\n m.erase(freq[minFreq].front());
\n l.erase(freq[minFreq].front());
\n freq[minFreq].pop_front();
\n if(freq[minFreq].size() == 0) freq.erase(minFreq);
\n –size;
\n }
\n m[key] = {value, 1};
\n freq[1].push_back(key);
\n l[key] = –freq[1].end();
\n minFreq = 1;
\n ++size;
\n }
\n};<\/p>\n

get \u548c put \u51fd\u6570\u4e0e LRU \u7f13\u5b58\u4e2d\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u975e\u5e38\u76f8\u4f3c\u3002\u00a0\u4f46\u5b83\u4eec\u8fd8\u4f1a\u8c03\u6574\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u9891\u7387\u3002\u00a0\u5728\u672c\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e2d，\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u4e09\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u3002m \u7528\u4e8e\u8bb0\u5f55\u952e\u5230{\u503c，\u9891\u7387}\u7684\u6620\u5c04\u3002freq \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ece\u9891\u7387\u5230\u5177\u6709\u8be5\u9891\u7387\u7684\u952e\u5217\u8868\u7684\u6620\u5c04\u3002\u00a0\u6700\u540e，l \u7528\u4e8e\u8ffd\u8e2a\u6307\u5411\u952e\u5728\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

get \u51fd\u6570\u4f1a\u589e\u52a0\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\u952e\u7684\u9891\u7387，\u5e76\u8c03\u6574\u8be5\u952e\u5728 freq \u6620\u5c04\u4e2d\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002put \u51fd\u6570\u9996\u5148\u901a\u8fc7 get \u51fd\u6570\u68c0\u67e5\u952e\u662f\u5426\u5df2\u5728\u7f13\u5b58\u4e2d\u3002\u00a0\u5982\u679c\u952e\u4e0d\u5728\u7f13\u5b58\u4e2d\u4e14\u7f13\u5b58\u5927\u5c0f\u5c0f\u4e8e\u5bb9\u91cf，\u5219\u6dfb\u52a0\u952e\u503c\u5bf9；\u5426\u5219\u5728\u6dfb\u52a0\u65b0\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u524d\u79fb\u9664\u6700\u4e0d\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u8be5 LFU \u7f13\u5b58\u5b9e\u73b0\u786e\u4fdd\u5f53\u7f13\u5b58\u5df2\u6ee1\u4e14\u9700\u8981\u63d2\u5165\u65b0\u6570\u636e\u70b9\u65f6，\u4f1a\u79fb\u9664\u4f7f\u7528\u9891\u7387\u6700\u4f4e\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002\u00a0\u8fd9\u79cd\u6a21\u5f0f\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u67d0\u4e9b\u7279\u5b9a\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6570\u636e\u8bbf\u95ee\u6a21\u5f0f，\u5176\u4e2d\u8bbf\u95ee\u9891\u7387\u80fd\u6709\u6548\u9884\u6d4b\u672a\u6765\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

RR \u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u6848<\/span><\/h2>\n

\u968f\u673a\u66ff\u6362(RR)\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u901a\u8fc7\u968f\u673a\u9009\u62e9\u5019\u9009\u9879\u76ee\u8fdb\u884c\u66ff\u6362\u7684\u7f13\u5b58\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002\u00a0\u8be5\u7b97\u6cd5\u975e\u5e38\u7b80\u5355\u9ad8\u6548，\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7ef4\u62a4\u4efb\u4f55\u5173\u4e8e\u9879\u76ee\u4f7f\u7528\u9891\u7387\u6216\u6700\u8fd1\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\u7684\u989d\u5916\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f C++\u5b9e\u73b0\u793a\u4f8b：<\/span><\/p>\n

#include <iostream>
\n#include <vector>
\n#include <unordered_map>
\n#include <cstdlib>
\nclass RRCache {
\nprivate:
\n int capacity;
\n std::vector<int> keys;
\n std::unordered_map<int, int> cache;
\npublic:
\n RRCache(int capacity) {
\n this->capacity = capacity;
\n }
\n int get(int key) {
\n if(cache.find(key) != cache.end()) {
\n return cache[key];
\n } else {
\n return -1;
\n }
\n }
\n void put(int key, int value) {
\n if(cache.size() == capacity) {
\n int indexToRemove = rand() % keys.size();
\n int keyToRemove = keys[indexToRemove];
\n cache.erase(keyToRemove);
\n keys[indexToRemove] = keys.back();
\n keys.pop_back();
\n }
\n cache[key] = value;
\n keys.push_back(key);
\n }
\n};
\nint main() {
\n RRCache cache(2);
\n cache.put(1, 1);
\n cache.put(2, 2);
\n std::cout << cache.get(1) << std::endl; \/\/returns 1
\n cache.put(3, 3); \/\/evicts key 1 or 2 randomly
\n std::cout << cache.get(1) << std::endl; \/\/returns -1 if key 1 is evicted, 1 otherwise
\n std::cout << cache.get(2) << std::endl; \/\/returns -1 if key 2 is evicted, 2 otherwise
\n cache.put(4, 4); \/\/evicts key 2 or 3 randomly
\n std::cout << cache.get(1) << std::endl; \/\/always returns -1
\n std::cout << cache.get(2) << std::endl; \/\/returns -1 if key 2 is evicted, 2 otherwise
\n std::cout << cache.get(3) << std::endl; \/\/returns -1 if key 3 is evicted, 3 otherwise
\n std::cout << cache.get(4) << std::endl; \/\/always returns 4
\n return 0;
\n}<\/p>\n

\u5728\u8fd9\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d，\u6211\u4eec\u7ef4\u62a4\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a vector \u7c7b\u578b\u7684 keys \u6765\u5b58\u50a8\u5f53\u524d\u7f13\u5b58\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u952e，\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e00\u4e2a unordered map \u7c7b\u578b\u7684 cache \u6765\u5b58\u50a8\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

get \u51fd\u6570\u4f1a\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\u952e\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u503c（\u5982\u679c\u8be5\u952e\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u7f13\u5b58\u4e2d）\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

put \u51fd\u6570\u4f1a\u68c0\u67e5\u7f13\u5b58\u662f\u5426\u5df2\u8fbe\u5230\u5bb9\u91cf\u4e0a\u9650\u3002\u00a0\u5982\u679c\u5df2\u6ee1，\u5b83\u4f1a\u4ece keys \u5411\u91cf\u4e2d\u968f\u673a\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u4e2a\u952e，\u5c06\u5176\u4ece\u7f13\u5b58\u548c\u5411\u91cf\u4e2d\u79fb\u9664，\u7136\u540e\u5c06\u65b0\u7684\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u7f13\u5b58\u548c\u5411\u91cf\u4e2d\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u7f3a\u70b9\u4e4b\u4e00\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u8003\u8651\u7f13\u5b58\u4e2d\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u9891\u7387\u6216\u6700\u8fd1\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u00a0\u4f46\u5176\u4f18\u52bf\u5728\u4e8e\u7b80\u5355\u9ad8\u6548，\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5176\u4ed6\u66ff\u6362\u65b9\u6cd5\u6548\u679c\u4e0d\u4f73\u6216\u7ef4\u62a4\u989d\u5916\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u5f00\u9500\u8fc7\u5927\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u7f13\u5b58\u9519\u8bef\u6392\u67e5<\/span><\/h2>\n

\u867d\u7136\u7f13\u5b58\u80fd\u663e\u8457\u52a0\u5feb\u6570\u636e\u68c0\u7d22\u901f\u5ea6\u5e76\u51cf\u8f7b\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6216\u5916\u90e8\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d，\u4f46\u5b83\u4e5f\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u9700\u8981\u5e94\u5bf9\u7684\u72ec\u7279\u6311\u6218，\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728\u591a\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u80fd\u540c\u65f6\u4e0e\u6570\u636e\u4ea4\u4e92\u7684\u540e\u7aef\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u3002\u00a0\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6311\u6218\u5305\u62ec\u7f13\u5b58\u5931\u6548\u3001\u7f13\u5b58\u96ea\u5d29\u4ee5\u53ca\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u7ef4\u62a4\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u7f13\u5b58\u5931\u6548<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5f53\u7f13\u5b58\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u56e0\u6e90\u6570\u636e\u53d8\u66f4\u800c\u5931\u6548\u65f6，\u5c31\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u7f13\u5b58\u5931\u6548\u8fd9\u4e00\u5e38\u89c1\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u00a0\u7f13\u5b58\u6570\u636e\u4e0e\u6e90\u6570\u636e\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8fd9\u79cd\u5dee\u5f02\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u5411\u7528\u6237\u63d0\u4f9b\u8fc7\u65f6\u4fe1\u606f，\u4ece\u800c\u5f15\u53d1\u6570\u636e\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u548c\u6f5c\u5728\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5904\u7406\u7f13\u5b58\u5931\u6548\u6709\u51e0\u79cd\u7b56\u7565：<\/span><\/p>\n

\u25cf\u00a0\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u751f\u5b58\u65f6\u95f4（TTL）\u7b56\u7565\u3002\u00a0\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d，\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7f13\u5b58\u9879\u5728\u52a0\u5165\u7f13\u5b58\u65f6\u4f1a\u83b7\u5f97\u4e00\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u6233\u3002\u00a0\u5982\u679c\u8bf7\u6c42\u8be5\u7f13\u5b58\u9879\u65f6\u53d1\u73b0\u65f6\u95f4\u6233\u8d85\u8fc7\u7279\u5b9a\u9608\u503c，\u5219\u7f13\u5b58\u5931\u6548，\u5e76\u4ece\u6570\u636e\u6e90\u83b7\u53d6\u6700\u65b0\u6570\u636e\u3002\u00a0\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u786e\u4fdd\u6570\u636e\u4e0d\u4f1a\u65e0\u9650\u671f\u7559\u5728\u7f13\u5b58\u4e2d，\u5e76\u80fd\u5b9a\u671f\u5237\u65b0\u3002\u00a0\u4f46\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u9002\u5408\u9891\u7e41\u6216\u4e0d\u53ef\u9884\u6d4b\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u25cf\u00a0\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u76f4\u5199（Write-Through）\u7b56\u7565\u3002\u00a0\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u4f1a\u540c\u65f6\u66f4\u65b0\u7f13\u5b58\u548c\u6e90\u6570\u636e\u3002\u00a0\u8fd9\u80fd\u786e\u4fdd\u7f13\u5b58\u59cb\u7ec8\u53cd\u6620\u6570\u636e\u7684\u6700\u65b0\u72b6\u6001，\u4fdd\u6301\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u3002\u00a0\u4f46\u7531\u4e8e\u6bcf\u6b21\u5199\u5165\u64cd\u4f5c\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u65b0\u7f13\u5b58\u548c\u6e90\u6570\u636e，\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u80fd\u8f83\u6162\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u7f13\u5b58\u96ea\u5d29<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u8282\u70b9\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u6027<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u901a\u8fc7\u7406\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6311\u6218\u5e76\u5b9e\u65bd\u6709\u6548\u7684\u5e94\u5bf9\u7b56\u7565，\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u6784\u5efa\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u7f13\u5b58\u7cfb\u7edf，\u4ece\u800c\u51cf\u5c11\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5e76\u63d0\u5347\u7528\u6237\u4f53\u9a8c\u3002\u00a0\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5b58\u5728\u590d\u6742\u6027，\u7f13\u5b58\u5728\u63d0\u5347\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u6548\u7387\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u4f7f\u5176\u6210\u4e3a\u73b0\u4ee3\u8ba1\u7b97\u4e2d\u4e00\u9879\u6709\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u6280\u672f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u603b\u7ed3<\/span><\/h2>\n

\u672c\u7ae0\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u8ba8\u4e86\u7f13\u5b58\u6982\u5ff5\u53ca\u5176\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u7f16\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u00a0\u6211\u4eec\u4e86\u89e3\u5230\u7f13\u5b58\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5c06\u9891\u7e41\u8bbf\u95ee\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8\u5728"\u7f13\u5b58"\u4e2d\u7684\u6280\u672f，\u53ef\u663e\u8457\u63d0\u5347\u5e94\u7528\u6027\u80fd\u5e76\u964d\u4f4e\u7f51\u7edc\u5ef6\u8fdf\u3002\u00a0\u91c7\u7528\u7684\u7f13\u5b58\u7c7b\u578b\u4e3b\u8981\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u540e\u7aef\u7cfb\u7edf\u9700\u6c42\u53ca\u88ab\u7f13\u5b58\u6570\u636e\u7684\u7279\u6027\u3002\u00a0\u4ee5\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7f13\u5b58\u4e3a\u4f8b，\u5176\u91cd\u70b9\u5728\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u67e5\u8be2\u7ed3\u679c，\u8fd9\u5bf9\u51cf\u8f7b\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8d1f\u8f7d\u548c\u63d0\u5347\u5e94\u7528\u54cd\u5e94\u901f\u5ea6\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u968f\u540e\u6211\u4eec\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u5728\u57fa\u4e8e MongoDB \u7684\u535a\u5ba2\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u5b9e\u73b0\u7f13\u5b58\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u6d41\u7a0b\u3002\u00a0\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b9e\u8df5\u7ec3\u4e60\u751f\u52a8\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u7f13\u5b58\u63d2\u5165\u3001\u7f13\u5b58\u68c0\u7d22\u548c\u7f13\u5b58\u6dd8\u6c70\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u6982\u5ff5，\u5e76\u6f14\u793a\u4e86\u4ece\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u751f\u5b58\u65f6\u95f4(TTL)\u65b9\u6cd5\u5230\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u7684\u900f\u5199\u4e0e\u56de\u5199\u7b49\u591a\u79cd\u5b9e\u73b0\u7b56\u7565\u3002\u00a0\u6b64\u5916，\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u63a2\u8ba8\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u5229\u7528 Google \u7684 gRPC \u6846\u67b6\u901a\u8fc7 HTTP\/2 \u534f\u8bae\u548c\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6570\u636e\u683c\u5f0f\u7b49\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7279\u6027\u6765\u589e\u5f3a\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u7f13\u5b58，\u4ece\u800c\u663e\u8457\u63d0\u5347\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u6700\u540e，\u6211\u4eec\u63a2\u8ba8\u4e86\u7f13\u5b58\u6dd8\u6c70\u7b56\u7565，\u5982\u6700\u8fd1\u6700\u5c11\u4f7f\u7528(LRU)\u3001\u6700\u4e0d\u7ecf\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528(LFU)\u548c\u968f\u673a\u66ff\u6362(RR)，\u5e76\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e86\u5b83\u4eec\u5404\u81ea\u7684\u9002\u7528\u573a\u666f\u548c\u5b9e\u73b0\u7ec6\u8282\u3002\u00a0\u5728\u6b64\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d，\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86\u4f7f\u7528\u7f13\u5b58\u65f6\u53ef\u80fd\u9047\u5230\u7684\u6f5c\u5728\u9677\u9631\u548c\u5e38\u89c1\u95ee\u9898，\u5305\u62ec\u7f13\u5b58\u5931\u6548\u3001\u7f13\u5b58\u96ea\u5d29\u548c\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u00a0\u6700\u540e\u6211\u4eec\u5b66\u4e60\u4e86\u6709\u6548\u5904\u7406\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u7b56\u7565，\u4f8b\u5982\u4f7f\u7528\u7f13\u5b58\u9501\u5b9a\u7b56\u7565\u6216\u7f13\u5b58\u9884\u70ed\u7b56\u7565\u6765\u9632\u6b62\u7f13\u5b58\u96ea\u5d29\u3002\u00a0\u672c\u7ae0\u5168\u9762\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u7f16\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u7f13\u5b58\u673a\u5236，\u5e76\u8be6\u7ec6\u9610\u8ff0\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u6709\u6548\u5b9e\u65bd\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u7f13\u5b58\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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