{"id":58458,"date":"2025-08-16T10:45:02","date_gmt":"2025-08-16T02:45:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/58458.html"},"modified":"2025-08-16T10:45:02","modified_gmt":"2025-08-16T02:45:02","slug":"linux%e5%9f%ba%e6%9c%ac%e6%8c%87%e4%bb%a4%ef%bc%88%e4%b8%89%ef%bc%89","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/58458.html","title":{"rendered":"Linux\u57fa\u672c\u6307\u4ee4\uff08\u4e09\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"<\/p>\n<h4>Linux<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4e00.date<\/li>\n<li>\u4e8c.find<\/li>\n<li>\u4e09.grep<\/li>\n<li>\u56db.zip &amp;&amp; unzip<\/li>\n<li>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u6253\u5305\u538b\u7f29?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u4e94.tar<\/li>\n<li>\u516d.bc<\/li>\n<li>\u4e03.uname<\/li>\n<li>\u516b.stat<\/li>\n<li>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4e00\u3001\u57fa\u672c\u8bed\u6cd5\u4e0e\u529f\u80fd<\/li>\n<li>\u4e8c\u3001\u5e38\u7528\u9009\u9879&#xff08;Options&#xff09;<\/li>\n<li>\u4e09\u3001\u8f93\u51fa\u4fe1\u606f\u8be6\u89e3<\/li>\n<li>\n<ul>\n<li>1. \u57fa\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u4fe1\u606f<\/li>\n<li>2. \u6743\u9650\u4e0e\u7c7b\u578b<\/li>\n<li>3. \u65f6\u95f4\u6233<\/li>\n<li>4. \u5176\u4ed6\u5c5e\u6027<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u4e5d.\u5176\u4ed6\u6307\u4ee4<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/20250816024457-689ff0a96b5b2.gif\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" \/><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/20250816024458-689ff0aa18552.gif\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" \/> <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/20250816024459-689ff0ab6496d.gif\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u672c\u7ae0\u662f\u57fa\u672c\u6307\u4ee4\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u7ae0&#xff0c;\u57fa\u672c\u6307\u4ee4\u4e4b\u8bb2\u89e3\u57fa\u7840\u5e38\u7528\u7684&#xff0c;\u540e\u7eed\u66f4\u591a\u6307\u4ee4\u5728\u4ee5\u540e\u6e17\u900f\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u4e00.date<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728 Linux \u4e2d&#xff0c;date\u6307\u4ee4\u7528\u4e8e\u663e\u793a\u548c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e5\u671f\u4e0e\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5176\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u7528\u6cd5&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<li>\u663e\u793a\u5f53\u524d\u65e5\u671f\u548c\u65f6\u95f4 \u76f4\u63a5\u8f93\u5165date\u547d\u4ee4&#xff0c;\u5c06\u4ee5\u9ed8\u8ba4\u683c\u5f0f\u663e\u793a\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u65e5\u671f\u548c\u65f6\u95f4\u3002<\/li>\n<p>bash<br \/>\ndate<br \/>\n\u8f93\u51fa\u793a\u4f8b&#xff1a;Mon Apr <span class=\"token number\">28<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">10<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">:<\/span><span class=\"token number\">30<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">:<\/span><span class=\"token number\">00<\/span> CST <span class=\"token number\">2025<\/span><\/p>\n<li>\u6309\u7167\u6307\u5b9a\u683c\u5f0f\u663e\u793a\u65e5\u671f\u548c\u65f6\u95f4 \u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528&#043;\u53f7\u540e\u9762\u8ddf\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u6765\u5b9a\u4e49\u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u65e5\u671f\u548c\u65f6\u95f4\u683c\u5f0f\u3002\u4f8b\u5982&#xff1a;<\/li>\n<p>bash<br \/>\ndate <span class=\"token operator\">&#043;<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S&#034;<\/span><br \/>\n\u8f93\u51fa\u793a\u4f8b&#xff1a;<span class=\"token number\">2025<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">&#8211;<\/span><span class=\"token number\">04<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">&#8211;<\/span><span class=\"token number\">28<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">10<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">:<\/span><span class=\"token number\">30<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">:<\/span><span class=\"token number\">00<\/span><\/p>\n<p> \u5206\u9694\u7b26\u4e0d\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528\u7a7a\u683c \u5e38\u7528\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u53c2\u6570\u6709&#xff1a; %Y&#xff1a;\u56db\u4f4d\u6570\u7684\u5e74\u4efd&#xff0c;\u59822025\u3002 %m&#xff1a;\u4e24\u4f4d\u6570\u7684\u6708\u4efd&#xff0c;01\u523012\u3002 %d&#xff1a;\u4e24\u4f4d\u6570\u7684\u65e5\u671f&#xff0c;01\u523031\u3002 %H&#xff1a;24 \u5c0f\u65f6\u5236\u7684\u5c0f\u65f6\u6570&#xff0c;00\u523023\u3002 %M&#xff1a;\u5206\u949f\u6570&#xff0c;00\u523059\u3002 %S&#xff1a;\u79d2\u6570&#xff0c;00\u523059\u3002<\/p>\n<li>\u65f6\u95f4\u6233 \u65f6\u95f4-&gt;\u65f6\u95f4\u6233&#xff1a;date &#043;%s<\/li>\n<p>\u65f6\u95f4\u6233-&gt;\u65f6\u95f4&#xff1a;date -d&#064;1508749502<\/p>\n<p>Unix\u65f6\u95f4\u6233&#xff08;\u82f1\u6587\u4e3aUnix epoch, Unix time, POSIX time \u6216 Unix timestamp&#xff09;\u662f\u4ece1970\u5e741\u67081\u65e5&#xff08;UTC\/GMT\u7684\u5348\u591c&#xff09;\u5f00\u59cb\u6240\u7ecf\u8fc7\u7684\u79d2\u6570&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u8003\u8651\u95f0\u79d2\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u65e5\u5fd7&#xff1a;\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528Linux\u65f6&#xff0c;\u9047\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u6027\u65f6\u523b\u9700\u8981\u5728\u6b64\u5904\u6253\u4e0b\u65e5\u5fd7&#xff0c;\u800c\u65f6\u95f4\u5c31\u662f\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5176\u4e2d\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u65e5\u5fd7\u5305\u62ec\u65f6\u95f4&#xff0c;\u65e5\u5fd7\u7b49\u7ea7&#xff0c;\u65e5\u5fd7\u5177\u4f53\u4fe1\u606f&#xff0c;\u5176\u4ed6\u4fe1\u606f\u7b49\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<li>cal calcal\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u663e\u793a\u516c\u5386&#xff08;\u9633\u5386&#xff09;\u65e5\u5386\u3002\u516c\u5386\u662f\u73b0\u5728\u56fd\u9645\u901a\u7528\u7684\u5386\u6cd5&#xff0c;\u53c8\u79f0\u683c\u5217\u5386&#xff0c;\u901a\u79f0\u9633\u5386\u3002\u201c\u9633\u5386\u201d\u53c8\u540d\u201c\u592a\u9633\u5386\u201d&#xff0c;\u7cfb\u4ee5\u5730\u7403\u7ed5\u884c\u592a\u9633\u4e00\u5468\u4e3a\u4e00\u5e74&#xff0c;\u4e3a\u897f\u65b9\u5404\u56fd\u6240\u901a\u7528&#xff0c;\u6545\u53c8\u540d\u201c\u897f\u5386\u201d\u3002<\/li>\n<p>\u547d\u4ee4\u683c\u5f0f&#xff1a; cal [\u53c2\u6570][\u6708\u4efd][\u5e74\u4efd]<\/p>\n<p>\u529f\u80fd&#xff1a; \u7528\u4e8e\u67e5\u770b\u65e5\u5386\u7b49\u65f6\u95f4\u4fe1\u606f&#xff0c;\u5982\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570&#xff0c;\u5219\u8868\u793a\u5e74\u4efd(1-9999)&#xff0c;\u5982\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570&#xff0c;\u5219\u8868\u793a\u6708\u4efd\u548c\u5e74\u4efd<\/p>\n<p>\u5e38\u7528\u9009\u9879&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>-3 \u663e\u793a\u7cfb\u7edf\u524d\u4e00\u4e2a\u6708&#xff0c;\u5f53\u524d\u6708&#xff0c;\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u6708\u7684\u6708\u5386 -j \u663e\u793a\u5728\u5f53\u5e74\u4e2d\u7684\u7b2c\u51e0\u5929&#xff08;\u4e00\u5e74\u65e5\u671f\u6309\u5929\u7b97&#xff0c;\u4ece1\u67081\u53f7\u7b97\u8d77&#xff0c;\u9ed8\u8ba4\u663e\u793a\u5f53\u524d\u6708\u5728\u4e00\u5e74\u4e2d\u7684\u5929\u6570&#xff09; -y \u663e\u793a\u5f53\u524d\u5e74\u4efd\u7684\u65e5\u5386<\/p>\n<h2>\u4e8c.find<\/h2>\n<p>\u8bed\u6cd5&#xff1a; \ufb01nd pathname -options<\/p>\n<p>\u529f\u80fd&#xff1a; \u7528\u4e8e\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u6811\u79cd\u67e5\u627e\u6587\u4ef6&#xff0c;\u5e76\u4f5c\u51fa\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u5904\u7406&#xff08;\u53ef\u80fd\u8bbf\u95ee\u78c1\u76d8&#xff09;<\/p>\n<p>\u5e38\u7528\u9009\u9879&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>-name \u6309\u7167\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u67e5\u627e\u6587\u4ef6\u3002 \u4f8b\u5982&#xff1a; find ~ -name [\u6587\u4ef6\u540d]~\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u662f\u5f53\u524d\u7528\u6237\u7684\u4e3b\u76ee\u5f55<\/p>\n<h2>\u4e09.grep<\/h2>\n<p>\u8bed\u6cd5&#xff1a; grep [\u9009\u9879] \u641c\u5bfb\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32 \u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n<p>\u529f\u80fd&#xff1a; \u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u641c\u7d22\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32&#xff0c;\u5c06\u627e\u5230\u7684\u884c\u6253\u5370\u51fa\u6765<\/p>\n<p>\u5e38\u7528\u9009\u9879: -i &#xff1a;\u5ffd\u7565\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u7684\u4e0d\u540c&#xff0c;\u6240\u4ee5\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u89c6\u4e3a\u76f8\u540c -n &#xff1a;\u987a\u4fbf\u8f93\u51fa\u884c\u53f7 -v &#xff1a;\u53cd\u5411\u9009\u62e9&#xff0c;\u4ea6\u5373\u663e\u793a\u51fa\u6ca1\u6709 \u2018\u641c\u5bfb\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u2019 \u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u90a3\u4e00\u884c<\/p>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982&#xff1a; \u60f3\u8981\u67e5\u627e\u67d0\u4ee3\u7801\u65f6&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u5148\u7528find\u5c06\u6587\u4ef6\u627e\u51fa&#xff0c;\u518d\u501f\u7531grep -n \u201c\u6240\u67e5\u627e\u5b57\u7b26\u201d [\u6587\u4ef6] \u53ef\u4ee5\u52a0\u591a\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u6240\u5bf9\u5e94\u6587\u4ef6&#xff0c;\u53ca\u4ee3\u7801\u6240\u5728\u884c\u5c31\u5168\u90e8\u663e\u793a\u51fa\u6765\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u56db.zip &amp;&amp; unzip<\/h2>\n<h3>\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u6253\u5305\u538b\u7f29?<\/h3>\n<p>\u80fd\u88ab\u6253\u5305\u538b\u7f29\u7684&#xff0c;\u4e00\u5b9a\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6574\u4f53&#xff0c;\u7531\u591a\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u53d8\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6&#xff08;\u4e0d\u5bb9\u6613\u9020\u6210\u6587\u4ef6\u7f3a\u5931&#xff09;\u6253\u5305\u538b\u7f29\u540e\u4f53\u79ef\u53d8\u5c0f&#xff0c;\u907f\u514d\u4e0b\u8f7d\u65f6\u95f4\u957f&#xff0c;\u50a8\u5b58\u5360\u636e\u7a7a\u95f4\u5927\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8bed\u6cd5&#xff1a; zip \u538b\u7f29\u6587\u4ef6.zip \u76ee\u5f55\u6216\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n<p>\u529f\u80fd&#xff1a; \u5c06\u76ee\u5f55\u6216\u6587\u4ef6\u538b\u7f29\u6210zip\u683c\u5f0f<\/p>\n<p>\u5e38\u7528\u9009\u9879&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>-r \u9012 \u5f52\u5904\u7406&#xff0c;\u5c06\u6307\u5b9a\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55\u4e00\u5e76\u5904\u7406\u4e0d\u6dfb\u52a0\u65f6&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u503c\u5c06\u76ee\u5f55\u6240\u6253\u5305<\/p>\n<p>\u4e3e\u4f8b&#xff1a;<br \/>\nzip <span class=\"token operator\">&#8211;<\/span>r \u538b\u7f29\u6587\u4ef6<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span>zip \u76ee\u5f55\u6216\u6587\u4ef6&#xff08;\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6&#xff09;<br \/>\nunzip \u538b\u7f29\u6587\u4ef6 <span class=\"token operator\">&#8211;<\/span>d \u6587\u4ef6 &#xff08;\u89e3\u538b\u5230\u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6&#xff09;<\/p>\n<p>\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u7531\u4e8e\u4e91\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u672c\u8eab\u539f\u56e0&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u6ca1\u6709zip&amp;&amp;unzip\u6307\u4ee4&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8f93\u5165\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6307\u4ee4\u5b89\u88c5&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">\/\/\u4ee5root\u7528\u6237\u767b\u5f55 \u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8f93\u5165\/su  \u6216  \/su &#043; \u5bc6\u7801<\/span><br \/>\nyum install <span class=\"token operator\">&#8211;<\/span>y zip unzip<\/p>\n<h2>\u4e94.tar<\/h2>\n<p>tar\u6307\u4ee4&#xff1a;\u6253\u5305\/\u89e3\u5305&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u6253\u5f00\u5b83&#xff0c;\u76f4\u63a5\u770b\u5185\u5bb9<\/p>\n<p>\u9009\u9879&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>-c &#xff1a;\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2a\u538b\u7f29\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u6307\u4ee4(create \u7684\u610f\u601d)&#xff1b; -x &#xff1a;\u89e3\u5f00\u4e00\u4e2a\u538b\u7f29\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u6307\u4ee4&#xff01; -t &#xff1a;\u67e5\u770b tar\ufb01le \u91cc\u9762\u7684\u6587\u4ef6&#xff01; -z &#xff1a;\u662f\u5426\u540c\u65f6\u5177\u6709 gzip \u7684\u5c5e\u6027&#xff1f;\u4ea6\u5373\u662f\u5426\u9700\u8981\u7528 gzip \u538b\u7f29&#xff1f;<\/p>\n<p>-j &#xff1a;\u662f\u5426\u540c\u65f6\u5177\u6709 bzip2 \u7684\u5c5e\u6027&#xff1f;\u4ea6\u5373\u662f\u5426\u9700\u8981\u7528 bzip2 \u538b\u7f29&#xff1f;<\/p>\n<p>-v &#xff1a;\u538b\u7f29\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u663e\u793a\u6587\u4ef6&#xff01;\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5e38\u7528&#xff0c;\u4f46\u4e0d\u5efa\u8bae\u7528\u5728\u80cc\u666f\u6267\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b&#xff01;<\/p>\n<p>-f &#xff1a;\u4f7f\u7528\u6863\u540d&#xff0c;\u8bf7\u7559\u610f&#xff0c;\u5728 f \u4e4b\u540e\u8981\u7acb\u5373\u63a5\u6863\u540d\u5594&#xff01;\u4e0d\u8981\u518d\u52a0\u53c2\u6570&#xff01;<\/p>\n<p>-C &#xff1a; \u89e3\u538b\u5230\u6307\u5b9a\u76ee\u5f55 \u5728\u65e5\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u65f6&#xff0c;\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u4e09\u4e2a\u7528\u6cd5&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<li>\u538b\u7f29 tar (-)cfz [\u538b\u7f29\u6587\u4ef6] [\u6587\u4ef6] \u538b\u7f29\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u901a\u5e38\u4e3a&#xff1a;xxx.tgz cfz\u524d\u7684-\u5728\u6709\u4e9b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4e0d\u52a0\u3002 c \u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u662fcreate &#xff1b; z \u4ee3\u8868\u7740zip \u683c\u5f0f&#xff1b;f \u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u6863\u540d\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u89e3\u538b tar (-)xzf [\u538b\u7f29\u6587\u4ef6] \u540c\u7406&#xff0c;\u538b\u7f29\u6587\u4ef6\u4e3axxx.tgz \u683c\u5f0f\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u9884\u89c8 tar (-)tzf [\u538b\u7f29\u6587\u4ef6]<\/li>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">tar<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">&#8211;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span>tzf <span class=\"token punctuation\">[<\/span>\u538b\u7f29\u6587\u4ef6<span class=\"token punctuation\">]<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&#8211;<\/span><span class=\"token function\">C<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>\u5927\u5199C&#xff09; <span class=\"token operator\">&#043;<\/span>\u6307\u5b9a\u76ee\u5f55 \u538b\u7f29\u5230\u6307\u5b9a\u76ee\u5f55<\/p>\n<p>\u538b\u7f29\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u540e\u7f00.tgz \u5b9e\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f .tar(\u6253\u5305\u540e\u7f00&#xff09;.gz(\u538b\u7f29\u540e\u7f00\u7684\u7b80\u5199&#xff09; \u4e5f\u5c31\u662f.tar.gz &#061;&#061; .tgz<\/p>\n<h2>\u516d.bc<\/h2>\n<p>Linux\u8ba1\u7b97\u5668&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f88\u65b9\u4fbf\u7684\u8fdb\u884c\u6d6e\u70b9\u8fd0\u7b97 \u4f7f\u7528&#xff1a; echo \u201c1&#043;2&#043;\u2026\u201d | bc \u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u4e03.uname<\/h2>\n<p>\u8bed\u6cd5&#xff1a;uname [\u9009\u9879]<\/p>\n<p>\u529f\u80fd&#xff1a; uname\u7528\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u7535\u8111\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8865\u5145\u8bf4\u660e&#xff1a;uname\u53ef\u663e\u793alinux\u4e3b\u673a\u6240\u7528\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7248\u672c\u3001\u786c\u4ef6\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u7b49\u57fa\u672c\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5e38\u7528\u9009\u9879&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>-a\u6216\u2013all \u8be6\u7ec6\u8f93\u51fa\u6240\u6709\u4fe1\u606f&#xff0c;\u4f9d\u6b21\u4e3a\u5185\u6838\u540d\u79f0&#xff0c;\u4e3b\u673a\u540d&#xff0c;\u5185\u6838\u7248\u672c\u53f7&#xff0c;\u5185\u6838\u7248\u672c&#xff0c;\u786c\u4ef6\u540d&#xff0c;\u5904\u7406\u5668\u7c7b\u578b&#xff0c;\u786c\u4ef6\u5e73\u53f0\u7c7b\u578b&#xff0c;\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u540d\u79f0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>-r \u663e\u793a\u5185\u6838\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728 Linux \u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d&#xff0c;stat \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u4e8e\u67e5\u770b\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u72b6\u6001\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u547d\u4ee4&#xff0c;\u80fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u5c5e\u6027&#xff0c;\u5305\u62ec\u6743\u9650\u3001\u6240\u6709\u8005\u3001\u65f6\u95f4\u6233\u3001\u5927\u5c0f\u7b49\u5173\u952e\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5173\u4e8e stat \u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<h2>\u516b.stat<\/h2>\n<h4>\u4e00\u3001\u57fa\u672c\u8bed\u6cd5\u4e0e\u529f\u80fd<\/h4>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">stat<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[<\/span>\u9009\u9879<span class=\"token punctuation\">]<\/span> \u6587\u4ef6\/\u76ee\u5f55\u8def\u5f84<\/p>\n<p>\u6838\u5fc3\u529f\u80fd&#xff1a;\u663e\u793a\u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u5143\u6570\u636e&#xff08;metadata&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u5e2e\u52a9\u7528\u6237\u4e86\u89e3\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5e95\u5c42\u5c5e\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>\u4e8c\u3001\u5e38\u7528\u9009\u9879&#xff08;Options&#xff09;<\/h4>\n<table>\n<tr>\u9009\u9879\u8bf4\u660e<\/tr>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>-c, &#8211;format<\/td>\n<td>\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u8f93\u51fa\u683c\u5f0f&#xff0c;\u4f7f\u7528\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u6a21\u677f\u663e\u793a\u7279\u5b9a\u4fe1\u606f&#xff08;\u5982 %n \u663e\u793a\u6587\u4ef6\u540d&#xff0c;%s \u663e\u793a\u6587\u4ef6\u5927\u5c0f&#xff09;\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>-t, &#8211;terse<\/td>\n<td>\u7b80\u6d01\u8f93\u51fa&#xff0c;\u4ec5\u663e\u793a\u5173\u952e\u4fe1\u606f&#xff08;\u5982inode\u3001\u6a21\u5f0f\u3001\u94fe\u63a5\u6570\u7b49&#xff09;\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>-L, &#8211;follow<\/td>\n<td>\u82e5\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u7b26\u53f7\u94fe\u63a5&#xff0c;\u8ddf\u968f\u94fe\u63a5\u6307\u5411\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u6587\u4ef6&#xff08;\u9ed8\u8ba4\u884c\u4e3a&#xff09;\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>-f, &#8211;file-system<\/td>\n<td>\u663e\u793a\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u4fe1\u606f&#xff08;\u800c\u975e\u6587\u4ef6\u672c\u8eab&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u5982\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7c7b\u578b\u3001\u5757\u5927\u5c0f\u7b49\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>-h, &#8211;help<\/td>\n<td>\u663e\u793a\u5e2e\u52a9\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>-V, &#8211;version<\/td>\n<td>\u663e\u793a\u547d\u4ee4\u7248\u672c\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h4>\u4e09\u3001\u8f93\u51fa\u4fe1\u606f\u8be6\u89e3<\/h4>\n<p>\u4ee5 stat example.txt \u4e3a\u4f8b&#xff0c;\u5178\u578b\u8f93\u51fa\u5305\u542b\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7ef4\u5ea6&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<h5>1. \u57fa\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u4fe1\u606f<\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li>\u6587\u4ef6\u540d&#xff08;File&#xff09;&#xff1a;example.txt&#xff08;\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84&#xff09;\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5927\u5c0f&#xff08;Size&#xff09;&#xff1a;\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u6570&#xff08;\u5982 1024 \u8868\u793a 1KB&#xff09;\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5757\u6570&#xff08;Blocks&#xff09;&#xff1a;\u6587\u4ef6\u5728\u78c1\u76d8\u4e0a\u5360\u7528\u7684\u5757\u6570\u91cf&#xff08;\u6bcf\u5757\u901a\u5e38\u4e3a 512 \u5b57\u8282&#xff09;\u3002<\/li>\n<li>IO \u5757&#xff08;IO Block&#xff09;&#xff1a;\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5757\u5927\u5c0f&#xff08;\u5982 4096 \u5b57\u8282&#xff09;\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5>2. \u6743\u9650\u4e0e\u7c7b\u578b<\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li>\u6743\u9650&#xff08;Mode&#xff09;&#xff1a;\u4ee5\u516b\u8fdb\u5236&#xff08;\u5982 0644&#xff09;\u548c\u7b26\u53f7&#xff08;\u5982 -rw-r&#8211;r&#8211;&#xff09;\u5f62\u5f0f\u663e\u793a\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650&#xff0c;\u7b2c\u4e00\u4f4d\u8868\u793a\u6587\u4ef6\u7c7b\u578b&#xff08;- \u4e3a\u666e\u901a\u6587\u4ef6&#xff0c;d \u4e3a\u76ee\u5f55&#xff0c;l \u4e3a\u7b26\u53f7\u94fe\u63a5\u7b49&#xff09;\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u6240\u6709\u8005&#xff08;Uid&#xff09;&#xff1a;\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u6709\u8005\u7684\u7528\u6237 ID&#xff08;\u5982 user&#xff09;\u548c\u7528\u6237\u540d&#xff08;\u5982 1000&#xff09;\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u6240\u5c5e\u7ec4&#xff08;Gid&#xff09;&#xff1a;\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u5c5e\u7ec4\u7684\u7ec4 ID&#xff08;\u5982 group&#xff09;\u548c\u7ec4\u540d&#xff08;\u5982 1000&#xff09;\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5>3. \u65f6\u95f4\u6233<\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li>Access Time&#xff08;atime&#xff09;&#xff1a;\u6587\u4ef6\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b21\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u65f6\u95f4&#xff08;\u5982\u8bfb\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9&#xff09;\u3002<\/li>\n<li>Modify Time&#xff08;mtime&#xff09;&#xff1a;\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b21\u88ab\u4fee\u6539\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u3002<\/li>\n<li>Change Time&#xff08;ctime&#xff09;&#xff1a;\u6587\u4ef6\u5143\u6570\u636e&#xff08;\u5982\u6743\u9650\u3001\u6240\u6709\u8005&#xff09;\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b21\u88ab\u4fee\u6539\u7684\u65f6\u95f4&#xff08;\u6ce8\u610f&#xff1a;\u4e0e\u5185\u5bb9\u4fee\u6539\u65e0\u5173&#xff09;\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5>4. \u5176\u4ed6\u5c5e\u6027<\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li>Inode&#xff1a;\u6587\u4ef6\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u6807\u8bc6\u7b26&#xff08;\u7c7b\u4f3c\u201c\u8eab\u4efd\u8bc1\u53f7\u201d&#xff09;\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u786c\u94fe\u63a5\u6570&#xff08;Links&#xff09;&#xff1a;\u6307\u5411\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u786c\u94fe\u63a5\u6570\u91cf\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf&#xff08;Device&#xff09;&#xff1a;\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u5728\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u53f7&#xff08;\u5982 801h \u8868\u793a\u8bbe\u5907\u7f16\u53f7&#xff09;\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u4e5d.\u5176\u4ed6\u6307\u4ee4<\/h2>\n<li>\n<p>free \u663e\u793a\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>[Tab]\u6309\u952e\u2014\u5177\u6709\u300e\u547d\u4ee4\u8865\u5168\u300f\u548c\u300e\u6863\u6848\u8865\u9f50\u300f\u7684\u529f\u80fd \u8fde\u6309\u4e24\u6b21\u53ef\u663e\u793a\u5f53\u524d\u672a\u8f93\u5b8c\u6307\u4ee4\u6240\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u6307\u4ee4\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>[Ctrl]-c\u6309\u952e\u2014\u8ba9\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u300e\u505c\u6389\u300f<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>[Ctrl]-d\u6309\u952e\u2014\u9000\u51fa\u767b\u5f55<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>history \u663e\u793a\u5386\u53f2\u6700\u65b0\u76841000\u6761\u6307\u4ee4<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>whereis \u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u8def\u5f84\u4e0b\u67e5\u627e&#xff0c;\u65e2\u53ef\u4ee5\u627e\u5230\u6267\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53c8\u53ef\u4ee5\u627e\u5230\u624b\u518c&#xff0c;\u5b89\u88c5\u5305&#xff0c;\u538b\u7f29\u5305\u7b49\u4e4b\u7c7b\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528find\u627e\u6587\u4ef6&#xff0c;which \u627e\u6307\u4ee4\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u5b89\u88c5\u548c\u767b\u5f55\u547d\u4ee4&#xff1a;login\u3001shutdown\u3001halt\u3001reboot\u3001install\u3001mount\u3001umount\u3001chsh\u3001exit\u3001last&#xff1b;<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>shutdown \u8bed\u6cd5&#xff1a;shutdown [\u9009\u9879] ** \u5e38\u89c1\u9009\u9879&#xff1a;** -h &#xff1a; \u5c06\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u505c\u6389\u540e&#xff0c;\u7acb\u5373\u5173\u673a\u3002 -r &#xff1a; \u5728\u5c06\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u505c\u6389\u4e4b\u540e\u5c31\u91cd\u65b0\u542f\u52a8 -t sec &#xff1a; -t \u540e\u9762\u52a0\u79d2\u6570&#xff0c;\u4ea6\u5373\u300e\u8fc7\u51e0\u79d2\u540e\u5173\u673a\u300f\u7684\u610f\u601d<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u4e0d\u8fc7\u591a\u8d58\u8ff0\u3002 \u25c6 \u6587\u4ef6\u5904\u7406\u547d\u4ee4&#xff1a;\ufb01le\u3001mkdir\u3001grep\u3001dd\u3001\ufb01nd\u3001mv\u3001ls\u3001di\ufb00\u3001cat\u3001ln&#xff1b;<\/p>\n<p>\u25c6 \u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u76f8\u5173\u547d\u4ee4&#xff1a;df\u3001top\u3001free\u3001quota\u3001at\u3001lp\u3001adduser\u3001groupadd\u3001kill\u3001crontab&#xff1b;<\/p>\n<p>\u25c6 \u7f51\u7edc\u64cd\u4f5c\u547d\u4ee4&#xff1a;ifcon\ufb01g\u3001ip\u3001ping\u3001netstat\u3001telnet\u3001ftp\u3001route\u3001rlogin\u3001rcp\u3001\ufb01nger\u3001mail\u3001 nslookup&#xff1b;<\/p>\n<p>\u25c6 \u7cfb\u7edf\u5b89\u5168\u76f8\u5173\u547d\u4ee4&#xff1a;passwd\u3001su\u3001umask\u3001chgrp\u3001chmod\u3001chown\u3001chattr\u3001sudo ps\u3001who&#xff1b;<\/p>\n<p>\u25c6 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