\u52a8\u6001\u5185\u5b58\u5206\u914d\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u4f5c\u7528<\/p>\n
\u89e3\u51b3\u56fa\u5b9a\u5927\u5c0f\u95ee\u9898<\/p>\n
- \n
- \n
\u9759\u6001\u5206\u914d（\u5982\u6570\u7ec4）\u5fc5\u987b\u63d0\u524d\u786e\u5b9a\u5927\u5c0f，\u65e0\u6cd5\u9002\u5e94\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
- \n
\u52a8\u6001\u5206\u914d\u5141\u8bb8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u6309\u9700\u7533\u8bf7\u5185\u5b58（\u4f8b\u5982\u7528\u6237\u8f93\u5165\u51b3\u5b9a\u6570\u636e\u91cf）\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
- \n
\u7a81\u7834\u6808\u7a7a\u95f4\u9650\u5236<\/p>\n
\u6808\u5185\u5b58（\u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf）\u5927\u5c0f\u6709\u9650（\u901a\u5e38\u51e0MB），\u5927\u5185\u5b58\u9700\u6c42（\u5982\u5904\u7406\u56fe\u50cf\u3001\u5927\u578b\u77e9\u9635）\u5fc5\u987b\u7528\u5806\u5185\u5b58（\u52a8\u6001\u5206\u914d）\u3002<\/li>\n
- \n
\u7075\u6d3b\u63a7\u5236\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f<\/p>\n
\u9759\u6001\u53d8\u91cf（\u5168\u5c40\/\u5c40\u90e8）\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u56fa\u5b9a，\u52a8\u6001\u5185\u5b58\u53ef\u624b\u52a8\u7ba1\u7406（malloc\u7533\u8bf7\u540e，\u76f4\u5230free\u624d\u91ca\u653e），\u9002\u5408\u957f\u671f\u5b58\u50a8\u6570\u636e（\u5982\u94fe\u8868\u8282\u70b9）\u3002<\/li>\n
- \n
\u8282\u7701\u5185\u5b58<\/p>\n
\u907f\u514d\u9759\u6001\u5206\u914d\u201c\u6309\u6700\u5927\u53ef\u80fd\u201d\u9884\u5360\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u6d6a\u8d39（\u5982\u58f0\u660eint arr[1000]\u4f46\u53ea\u7528\u4e8610\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20）\u3002<\/li>\n
\u5f15\u5165\u52a8\u6001\u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406，\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u5df1\u7533\u8bf7\u91ca\u653e\u8d44\u6e90，\u6bd4\u8f83\u7075\u6d3b\u3002<\/p>\n
malloc<\/h2>\n
C\u8bed\u8a00\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u52a8\u6001\u5185\u5b58\u5f00\u8f9f\u7684\u51fd\u6570：<\/p>\n
void* malloc (size_t size);<\/p>\n
\u4f5c\u7528：\u5411\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u5806\u533a\u7533\u8bf7\u4e86\u4e00\u5757\u8fde\u7eed\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4，\u5982\u679c\u6210\u529f\u7533\u8bf7，\u5c31\u8fd4\u56de\u6307\u5411\u8fd9\u5757\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u8d77\u59cb\u5730\u5740\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5934\u6587\u4ef6\u5305\u542b：malloc\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u9700\u8981\u5305\u542b\u5934\u6587\u4ef6<stdlib.h><\/p>\n
\u53c2\u6570\u8bf4\u660e：size\u8868\u793a\u8981\u7533\u8bf7\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u5927\u5c0f，\u5355\u4f4d\u662f\u5b57\u8282<\/p>\n
\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u8bf4\u660e：\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2avoid*\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6307\u9488，\u5982\u679c\u60f3\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u5757\u7a7a\u95f4\u5b58\u50a8\u67d0\u4e00\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6570\u636e，\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5176\u5f3a\u5236\u7c7b\u578b\u8f6c\u6362\u6210\u76f8\u5e94\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6307\u9488\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b：<\/p>\n
#include<stdio.h>
\n#include<stdlib.h>
\nint main()
\n{
\nint n;
\nscanf("%d", &n);
\n\/\/\u5047\u8bbe\u8981\u7533\u8bf7n\u4e2a\u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u6574\u578b\u7a7a\u95f4\u5b58\u653e\u6574\u578b\u6570\u636e
\nint* arr = malloc(sizeof(int) * n);
\nif (arr == NULL)\/\/\u7533\u8bf7\u5931\u8d25\u7684\u68c0\u67e5
\n{
\nperror("malloc fail");
\nreturn 1;
\n}
\n \/\/\u4f7f\u7528\u52a8\u6001\u5f00\u8f9f\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u5b58\u653e\u6570\u636e：
\nfor (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
\n{
\n*(arr + i) = i + 1;
\n}
\nfor (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
\n{
\nprintf("%d ", *(arr + i));
\n}<\/p>\nreturn 0;
\n}<\/p>\n\u6ce8\u610f：<\/p>\n
- \n
- \u5982\u679c\u5f00\u8f9f\u6210\u529f，\u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u8fd9\u5757\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u8d77\u59cb\u5730\u5740\u3002<\/li>\n
- \u5982\u679c\u5f00\u8f9f\u5931\u8d25，\u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u00a0NULL\u00a0\u6307\u9488，\u56e0\u6b64\u00a0malloc\u00a0\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u505a\u68c0\u67e5\u3002<\/li>\n
- \u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u662f\u00a0void*\u00a0，\u6240\u4ee5\u00a0malloc\u00a0\u51fd\u6570\u5e76\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u5f00\u8f9f\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u7c7b\u578b，\u5177\u4f53\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u81ea\u5df1\u6765\u51b3\u5b9a\u3002<\/li>\n
- \u5982\u679c\u53c2\u6570\u00a0size\u00a0\u4e3a 0，malloc\u00a0\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u662f\u6807\u51c6\u662f\u672a\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684，\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
free<\/h2>\n
free\u51fd\u6570\u662f\u4e13\u95e8\u7528\u6765\u505a\u52a8\u6001\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u91ca\u653e\u548c\u56de\u6536\u7684，\u51fd\u6570\u539f\u578b：<\/p>\n
void free (void* ptr);<\/p>\n
\u53c2\u6570：ptr\u8868\u793a\u9700\u8981\u91ca\u653e\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u5757\u7684\u8d77\u59cb\u5730\u5740\u3002<\/p>\n
\u529f\u80fd：\u91ca\u653e\u52a8\u6001\u5f00\u8f9f\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u3002<\/p>\n
\u9700\u5305\u542b\u7684\u5934\u6587\u4ef6：<stdlib.h><\/p>\n
\u52a8\u6001\u7533\u8bf7\u7684\u5185\u5b58，\u6211\u4eec\u6700\u597d\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u5b8c\u4ee5\u540e\u624b\u52a8\u5c06\u5176\u91ca\u653e\u6389，\u6240\u4ee5\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u6211\u4eec\u5199\u7684\u8fd8\u4e0d\u592a\u5b8c\u6574，\u73b0\u5728\u5b66\u4e60\u4e86free\u51fd\u6570\u5c31\u6765\u5c06\u5b83\u5b8c\u5584\u4e00\u4e0b\u5427：<\/p>\n
#include<stdio.h>
\n#include<stdlib.h>
\nint main()
\n{
\nint n;
\nscanf("%d", &n);
\n\/\/\u5047\u8bbe\u8981\u7533\u8bf7n\u4e2a\u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u6574\u578b\u7a7a\u95f4\u5b58\u653e\u6574\u578b\u6570\u636e
\nint* arr = malloc(sizeof(int) * n);
\nif (arr == NULL)\/\/\u7533\u8bf7\u5931\u8d25\u7684\u68c0\u67e5
\n{
\nperror("malloc fail");
\nreturn 1;
\n}
\n \/\/\u4f7f\u7528\u52a8\u6001\u5f00\u8f9f\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u5b58\u653e\u6570\u636e：
\nfor (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
\n{
\n*(arr + i) = i + 1;
\n}
\nfor (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
\n{
\nprintf("%d ", *(arr + i));
\n}
\n free(arr);
\n arr=NULL;
\nreturn 0;
\n}<\/p>\n\u6ce8\u610f：<\/p>\n
- \n
- \u5982\u679c\u53c2\u6570ptr\u6307\u5411\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e0d\u662f\u52a8\u6001\u5f00\u8f9f\u7684，\u90a3\u4e48free\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u662f\u672a\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684<\/li>\n
- \u5982\u679cptr\u662f\u7a7a\u6307\u9488，\u5219\u51fd\u6570\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e8b\u90fd\u4e0d\u7528\u505a<\/li>\n
- \u91ca\u653e\u7a7a\u95f4\u540e\u5e94\u8be5\u53ca\u65f6\u5c06ptr\u503c\u4e3a\u7a7a，\u5426\u5219ptr\u5c31\u662f\u91ce\u6307\u9488\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5229\u7528free\u5c06\u7a7a\u95f4\u91ca\u653e\u6389，\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u5c06ptr\u6307\u5411\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u8fd8\u7ed9\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf，\u4f46\u662f\u8fd8\u7ed9\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4ee5\u540e，\u5f53\u524d\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4ecd\u7136\u80fd\u591f\u901a\u8fc7ptr\u627e\u5230\u4e0d\u5c5e\u4e8e\u5f53\u524d\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4，\u5982\u679c\u518d\u5bf9\u8fd9\u5757\u7a7a\u95f4\u8fdb\u884c\u8bbf\u95ee，\u5c31\u662f\u975e\u6cd5\u8bbf\u95ee，\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u5c06ptr\u53ca\u65f6\u7f6e\u7a7a\u3002<\/li>\n
- free\u91ca\u653e\u7a7a\u95f4\u65f6，\u5b83\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u662f\u52a8\u6001\u7533\u8bf7\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u8d77\u59cb\u4f4d\u7f6e，\u4e0d\u80fd\u91ca\u653e\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206<\/li>\n
- \u4e0d\u80fd\u5bf9\u540c\u4e00\u5757\u7a7a\u95f4\u8fdb\u884c\u591a\u6b21\u91ca\u653e<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
calloc<\/h2>\n
C\u8bed\u8a00\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86calloc\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u52a8\u6001\u5185\u5b58\u5206\u914d，\u51fd\u6570\u539f\u578b：<\/p>\n
void* calloc (size_t num, size_t size);<\/p>\n
- \n
- \u51fd\u6570\u529f\u80fd\u662f\u4e3anum\u4e2a\u5927\u5c0f\u4e3asize\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u5f00\u8f9f\u4e00\u5757\u8fde\u7eed\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4，\u5e76\u4e14\u628a\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e3a0\u3002<\/li>\n
- calloc\u4e0emalloc\u7684\u533a\u522b\u53ea\u5728\u4e8ecalloc\u4f1a\u5728\u8fd4\u56de\u5730\u5740\u4e4b\u524d\u628a\u7533\u8bf7\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e3a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b：<\/p>\n
#include<stdio.h>
\n#include<stdlib.h>
\nint main()
\n{
\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0int* arr = (int*)calloc(10, sizeof(int));
\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0{
\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0printf("%d ", *(arr + i));
\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0}
\n free(arr);
\n arr=NULL;
\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0return 0;
\n}<\/p>\n\u8fd0\u884c\u7ed3\u679c：<\/p>\n
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0<\/p>\n
\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u5bf9\u7533\u8bf7\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u8fdb\u884c\u521d\u59cb\u5316，\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528calloc\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u4efb\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n
realloc<\/h2>\n
\u51fd\u6570\u539f\u578b：<\/p>\n
void* realloc (void* ptr, size_t size);<\/p>\n
\u529f\u80fd：realloc\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u8ba9\u52a8\u6001\u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406\u66f4\u52a0\u7075\u6d3b\u3002\u5b83\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u529f\u80fd\u662f\u6269\u5c55\u6216\u7f29\u5c0f\u4e4b\u524d\u5206\u914d\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u5757，\u5e76\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u4fdd\u7559\u539f\u6709\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n
\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u6269\u5c55\u5185\u5b58<\/span>：<\/p>\n
- \n
- \n
\u00a0\u82e5\u539f\u5185\u5b58\u5757\u540e\u65b9\u6709\u8db3\u591f\u8fde\u7eed\u7a7a\u95f4，\u76f4\u63a5\u6269\u5c55，\u8fd4\u56de\u539f\u6307\u9488\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
- \n
\u82e5\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e0d\u8db3，\u4f1a：\u5206\u914d\u65b0\u7684\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u5757；\u81ea\u52a8\u590d\u5236\u65e7\u6570\u636e\u5230\u65b0\u5185\u5b58；\u91ca\u653e\u65e7\u5185\u5b58\u5757；\u8fd4\u56de\u65b0\u6307\u9488\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
- \n
\u5982\u679c\u7a7a\u95f4\u5f00\u8f9f\u5931\u8d25\u5c31\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de\u7a7a\u6307\u9488，\u4f46\u539f\u6709\u7a7a\u95f4\u4fdd\u7559<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u7f29\u5c0f\u5185\u5b58<\/span>：<\/p>\n
- \n
- \u51cf\u5c11\u5206\u914d\u7684\u5927\u5c0f，\u591a\u4f59\u90e8\u5206\u88ab\u91ca\u653e<\/li>\n
- \u53ef\u80fd\u8fd4\u56de\u539f\u6307\u9488（\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u5b9e\u73b0）<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\u53c2\u6570\u8bf4\u660e：ptr\u6307\u5411\u8981\u8c03\u6574\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740，size\u8868\u793a\u8c03\u6574\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u5927\u5c0f，\u5355\u4f4d\u662f\u5b57\u8282<\/p>\n
\u8fd4\u56de\u503c：\u662f\u8c03\u6574\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u8d77\u59cb\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b：<\/p>\n
#include<stdio.h>
\n#include<stdlib.h>
\nint main()
\n{
\nint n;
\nscanf("%d", &n);
\n\/\/\u5047\u8bbe\u8981\u7533\u8bf7n\u4e2a\u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u6574\u578b\u7a7a\u95f4\u5b58\u653e\u6574\u578b\u6570\u636e
\nint* arr = malloc(sizeof(int) * n);
\nif (arr == NULL)\/\/\u7533\u8bf7\u5931\u8d25\u7684\u68c0\u67e5
\n{
\nperror("malloc fail");
\nreturn 1;
\n}
\nfor (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
\n{
\n*(arr + i) = i + 1;
\n}
\nfor (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
\n{
\nprintf("%d ", *(arr + i));
\n}
\n\/\/\u6269\u5c55\u7a7a\u95f4，\u6ce8\u610f，\u4e0d\u8981\u76f4\u63a5\u5199\u6210：arr=realloc(arr, 2 * n * sizeof(int));
\n\/\/\u56e0\u4e3a\u5982\u679c\u7a7a\u95f4\u5f00\u8f9f\u5931\u8d25，arr\u5c31\u4f1a\u53d8\u6210NULL，\u5c31\u65e0\u6cd5\u627e\u5230\u539f\u6709\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4
\n\/\/\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u4eec\u6700\u597d\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e34\u65f6\u6307\u9488\u6765\u63a5\u53d7\u8fd4\u56de\u503c，\u8fdb\u884c\u68c0\u67e5\u540e\u518d\u8ba9arr=tmp
\nint* tmp = realloc(arr, 2 * n * sizeof(int));
\nif (tmp == NULL)\/\/realloc\u5931\u8d25
\n{
\nperror("realloc fail");
\nreturn 1;
\n}
\narr = tmp;
\n\/\/\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u64cd\u4f5c\u2026\u2026
\n free(arr);
\n arr=NULL;
\nreturn 0;
\n}<\/p>\nrealloc\u51fd\u6570\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u7528\u6765\u5f00\u8f9f\u7a7a\u95f4：<\/p>\n
#include<stdio.h>
\n#include<stdlib.h>
\nint main()
\n{
\nint* arr = (int*) realloc(NULL, sizeof(int) * 10);\/\/\u7b49\u4ef7\u4e8emalloc(sizeof(int)*10)
\n\/\/\u5176\u4ed6\u64cd\u4f5c\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026
\nreturn 0;
\n}<\/p>\n\u6ce8\u610f\u54e6，\u5f53\u67d0\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u52a8\u6001\u7533\u8bf7\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u7533\u8bf7\u7a7a\u95f4\u65f6，\u00a0\u5f53\u51fd\u6570\u6808\u6862\u9500\u6bc1\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u8fd9\u5757\u52a8\u6001\u7533\u8bf7\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u88ab\u9500\u6bc1，\u4ecd\u5c5e\u4e8e\u5f53\u524d\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002
\n\u53ea\u6709\u5f53\u6574\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\/\u5de5\u7a0b\u7ed3\u675f\u7684\u65f6\u5019，\u6216\u8005\u6211\u4eec\u624b\u52a8\u4f7f\u7528free\u51fd\u6570\u5c06\u8fd9\u5757\u7a7a\u95f4\u91ca\u653e\u7684\u65f6\u5019
\n\u8fd9\u5757\u7a7a\u95f4\u624d\u4f1a\u8fd8\u7ed9\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf
\n\u00a0<\/p>\n\u7ec3\u4e60\u9898<\/h2>\n
- \n
- \u7ec3\u4e601：\u4e0b\u9762\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u6267\u884c\u7ed3\u679c：<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
#include<stdio.h>
\n#include<stdlib.h>
\n#include<string.h>
\nvoid GetMemory(char* p)
\n{
\np = (char*)malloc(100);
\n}<\/p>\nvoid Test()
\n{
\nchar* str = NULL;
\nGetMemory(str);
\nstrcpy(str, "hello world");
\nprintf(str);
\n}<\/p>\nint main()
\n{
\nTest();
\nreturn 0;
\n}<\/p>\n\u89e3\u6790：<\/p>\n
\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5d29\u6e83：str\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9getmemory\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u65f6\u5019，\u91c7\u7528\u7684\u503c\u4f20\u9012，\u5f62\u53c2\u53d8\u91cfp\u662fstr\u7684\u4e00\u4efd\u62f7\u8d1d
\n\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u628amalloc\u7533\u8bf7\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u8d77\u59cb\u5730\u5740\u653e\u5728p\u4e2d\u65f6，\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4fee\u6539str，str\u4ecd\u7136\u662fNULL
\n\u6240\u4ee5\u5f53getmemory\u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de\u540e，\u518d\u53bb\u8c03\u7528strcpy\u51fd\u6570，\u5c06\u201chello world"\u62f7\u8d1d\u5230str\u6307\u5411\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4
\n\u65f6，\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5d29\u6e83
\n\u53e6\u5916，\u7531\u4e8emalloc\u7533\u8bf7\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u6ca1\u6709free\u91ca\u653e，\u9020\u6210\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f<\/p>\n\u90a3\u4e48，\u5982\u4f55\u4fee\u6539\u4ee3\u7801？<\/p>\n
\/\/\u4fee\u6539\u7a0b\u5e8f：\u5c06\u4f20\u503c\u8c03\u7528\u6539\u4e3a\u4f20\u5740\u8c03\u7528，\u5f62\u53c2\u7684\u6539\u53d8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f71\u54cd\u5b9e\u53c2
\n#include<stdio.h>
\n#include<stdlib.h>
\n#include<string.h>
\nvoid GetMemory(char** p)
\n{
\n*p = (char*)malloc(100);
\n}<\/p>\nvoid Test()
\n{
\nchar* str = NULL;
\nGetMemory(&str);
\nstrcpy(str, "hello world");
\nprintf(str);
\nfree(str);
\nstr = NULL;
\n}<\/p>\nint main()
\n{
\nTest();
\nreturn 0;
\n}<\/p>\n- \n
- \u9898\u76ee2：\u4e0b\u9762\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u6267\u884c\u7ed3\u679c？<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
#include<stdio.h>
\n#include<stdlib.h>
\nchar* GetMemory()
\n{
\nchar p[] = "hello world";
\nreturn p;
\n}
\nvoid Test()
\n{
\nchar* str = NULL;
\nstr = GetMemory();
\nprintf(str);
\n}
\nint main()
\n{
\nTest();
\nreturn 0;
\n}<\/p>\n\u89e3\u6790：<\/p>\n
\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6253\u5370\u7684\u662f\u968f\u673a\u503c
\n\u00a0GetMemory\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u662f\u5728\u6808\u533a\u4e0a\u521b\u5efa\u7684，\u5f53\u51fa\u4e86\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u57df，\u51fd\u6570\u88ab\u9500\u6bc1，\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\u4e5f\u5c31\u88ab\u9500\u6bc1\u4e86
\n\u00a0\u6240\u4ee5\u8fd9\u5757\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u5c31\u4e0d\u5c5e\u4e8e\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e86，\u4f46\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u5c06p\u8fd4\u56de\u5230\u4e86Test\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d
\n\u00a0\u5e76\u8ba9str\u63a5\u6536\u8fd4\u56de\u503c，\u90a3\u5c31\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7str\u627e\u5230\u8fd9\u5757\u4e0d\u5c5e\u4e8e\u5f53\u524d\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4，\u5c31\u5c5e\u4e8e\u975e\u6cd5\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e86
\n\u00a0\u800c\u8fd9\u5757\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u5b58\u653e\u7684\u503c\u4e5f\u662f\u968f\u673a\u503c，\u6240\u4ee5\u8fd0\u884c\u7ed3\u679c\u662f\u968f\u673a\u503c
\n\u00a0<\/p>\n\u5982\u4f55\u4fee\u6539\u4ee3\u7801：<\/p>\n
\/\/\u4fee\u6539\u4ee3\u7801：
\n#include<stdio.h>
\n#include<stdlib.h>
\nchar* GetMemory()
\n{
\nstatic char p[] = "hello world";\/\/static\u4fee\u9970\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u662f\u653e\u5728\u9759\u6001\u533a\u4e2d\u7684
\n\/\/\u6240\u4ee5\u51fd\u6570\u6808\u6862\u9500\u6bc1\u7684\u65f6\u5019，\u8fd9\u5757\u7a7a\u95f4\u4ecd\u7136\u4fdd\u7559
\nreturn p;
\n}
\nvoid Test()
\n{
\nchar* str = NULL;
\nstr = GetMemory();
\nprintf(str);
\n}
\nint main()
\n{
\nTest();
\nreturn 0;
\n}<\/p>\n\u00a0\u67d4\u6027\u6570\u7ec4<\/h2>\n
\nC99 \u4e2d，\u7ed3\u6784\u4e2d\u7684\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u5141\u8bb8\u662f\u672a\u77e5\u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u6570\u7ec4，\u8fd9\u5c31\u53eb\u505a\u300e\u67d4\u6027\u6570\u7ec4\u300f\u6210\u5458\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4f8b\u5982：<\/p>\n
struct st_type
\n{
\n int i;
\n int a[0];\/\/\u67d4\u6027\u6570\u7ec4\u6210\u5458
\n};<\/p>\n\u6709\u4e9b\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u4f1a\u62a5\u9519\u65e0\u6cd5\u7f16\u8bd1\u53ef\u4ee5\u6539\u6210：<\/p>\n
struct st_type
\n{
\n int i;
\n int a[];\/\/\u67d4\u6027\u6570\u7ec4\u6210\u5458
\n};<\/p>\n\u67d4\u6027\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u7279\u70b9<\/h4>\n
- \n
- \u7ed3\u6784\u4e2d\u7684\u67d4\u6027\u6570\u7ec4\u6210\u5458\u524d\u9762\u5fc5\u987b\u81f3\u5c11\u4e00\u4e2a\u5176\u4ed6\u6210\u5458\u3002<\/li>\n
- sizeof\u00a0\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u8fd9\u79cd\u7ed3\u6784\u5927\u5c0f\u4e0d\u5305\u62ec\u67d4\u6027\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u3002<\/li>\n
- \u5305\u542b\u67d4\u6027\u6570\u7ec4\u6210\u5458\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u7528\u00a0malloc()\u00a0\u51fd\u6570\u8fdb\u884c\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u5206\u914d，\u5e76\u4e14\u5206\u914d\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u5e94\u8be5\u5927\u4e8e\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u5927\u5c0f，\u4ee5\u9002\u5e94\u67d4\u6027\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u9884\u671f\u5927\u5c0f\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\u7528\u4ee3\u7801\u6765\u8bf4\u660e\u7279\u70b92：<\/p>\n
#include<stdio.h>
\nstruct S1
\n{
\nint i;
\nint arr[];
\n};
\nstruct S2
\n{
\nint i;
\n};
\nint main()
\n{
\nprintf("%zu\\\\n", sizeof(struct S1));
\nprintf("%zu\\\\n", sizeof(struct S2));
\nreturn 0;
\n}<\/p>\n\u8fd0\u884c\u7ed3\u679c：<\/p>\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/20250815235506-689fc8da71069.png\")
<\/p>\n\u6240\u4ee5，\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u5e76\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5305\u62ec\u67d4\u6027\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u5927\u5c0f，\u8fd9\u4e5f\u5c31\u610f\u5473\u7740，\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u542b\u6709\u67d4\u6027\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u65f6，\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6309\u7167\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u521b\u5efa\u53d8\u91cf：<\/p>\n
struct S
\n{
\nint i;
\nint arr[];
\n};
\n#include<stdio.h>
\nint main()
\n{
\nstruct S s;\/\/\u4e00\u822c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8fd9\u4e48\u5199:\u8fd9\u6837\u5199\u7684\u8bdd\u5e76\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4e3a\u6570\u7ec4\u5206\u914d\u7a7a\u95f4
\nreturn 0;
\n}<\/p>\n\u90a3\u5e94\u8be5\u600e\u6837\u5199？\u5982\u4e0b：<\/p>\n
#include<stdlib.h>
\n#include<stdio.h>
\nstruct S
\n{
\nint i;
\nint arr[];
\n};
\nint main()
\n{<\/p>\nstruct S* ps = (struct S*)malloc(sizeof(struct S) + 10 * sizeof(int));
\n\/\/\u540e\u9762\u768410*sizeof(int)\u8868\u793a\u4e3a\u67d4\u6027\u6570\u7ec4\u5f00\u8f9f\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4
\nif (ps == NULL)
\n{
\nperror("malloc fail");
\nreturn 1;
\n}
\nps->i = 1;
\nfor (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
\n{
\nps->arr[i] = i + 1;
\n}
\n\/\/\u5047\u8bbe\u8981\u8c03\u6574\u67d4\u6027\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4：
\nstruct S* tmp =(struct S* )realloc(ps , sizeof(struct S) + 20 * sizeof(int));
\nif (tmp == NULL)
\n{
\nperror("realloc fail");
\nreturn 1;
\n}
\nps = tmp;<\/p>\n\/\/\u91ca\u653e\u7a7a\u95f4
\nfree(ps);
\nreturn 0;
\n}<\/p>\n\u5176\u5b9e，\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528\u67d4\u6027\u6570\u7ec4，\u5374\u60f3\u8fbe\u5230\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u6548\u679c，\u53ef\u4ee5\u50cf\u4e0b\u9762\u8fd9\u4e48\u5199：<\/p>\n
\/\/\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528\u67d4\u6027\u6570\u7ec4\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528\u6307\u9488\u8fbe\u5230\u540c\u6837\u7684\u6548\u679c：
\nstruct S
\n{
\nint i;
\nint* arr;
\n};
\n#include<stdio.h>
\n#include<stdlib.h>
\nint main()
\n{
\nstruct S* ps = (struct S*)malloc(sizeof(struct S));
\nif (ps == NULL)
\n{
\nperror("malloc fail");
\nreturn 1;
\n}
\nps->i = 1;
\nps->arr = (int*)malloc(sizeof(int) * 10);
\nif (ps->arr == NULL)
\n{
\nperror("malloc fail2");
\nreturn 2;
\n}
\n\/\/\u4f7f\u7528\u52a8\u6001\u5f00\u8f9f\u7684\u6570\u7ec4：
\nfor (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
\n{
\nps->arr[i] = i + 1;
\n}
\n\/\/\u5982\u679c\u60f3\u8981\u6269\u5bb9：
\nint* tmp = (int*)realloc(ps->arr, sizeof(int) * 20);
\nif (tmp == NULL)
\n{
\nperror("realloc fail");
\nreturn 0;
\n}
\nps->arr = tmp;
\n\/\/\u7ee7\u7eed\u4f7f\u7528\u7a7a\u95f4\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026<\/p>\n\/\/\u91ca\u653e\u7a7a\u95f4：\u6ce8\u610f\u987a\u5e8f\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e71，\u5982\u679c\u5148\u91ca\u653eps，\u90a3\u5c31\u4e0d\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7ps\u627e\u5230arr\u6240\u6307\u5411\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e86
\nfree(ps->arr);
\nfree(ps);
\nreturn 0;
\n}<\/p>\n\u4f7f\u7528\u67d4\u6027\u6570\u7ec4（\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ee3\u7801）\u7684\u597d\u5904\u662f：\u65b9\u4fbf\u5185\u5b58\u91ca\u653e<\/p>\n
\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u662f\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ed9\u522b\u4eba\u7528\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d，\u4f60\u5728\u91cc\u9762\u505a\u4e86\u4e8c\u6b21\u5185\u5b58\u5206\u914d，\u5e76\u628a\u6574\u4e2a\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed9\u7528\u6237\u3002\u7528\u6237\u8c03\u7528 free \u53ef\u4ee5\u91ca\u653e\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53，\u4f46\u662f\u7528\u6237\u5e76\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u5185\u7684\u6210\u5458\u4e5f\u9700\u8981 free，\u6240\u4ee5\u4f60\u4e0d\u80fd\u6307\u671b\u7528\u6237\u6765\u53d1\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e8b\u3002\u6240\u4ee5，\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u628a\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u6210\u5458\u8981\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u5206\u914d\u597d\u4e86，\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed9\u7528\u6237\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u6307\u9488，\u7528\u6237\u505a\u4e00\u6b21 free \u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u4e5f\u7ed9\u91ca\u653e\u6389\u3002<\/p>\n
\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u4ee3\u7801\u662f：\u8fd9\u6837\u6709\u5229\u4e8e\u8bbf\u95ee\u901f\u5ea6<\/p>\n
\u8fde\u7eed\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u6709\u76ca\u4e8e\u63d0\u9ad8\u8bbf\u95ee\u901f\u5ea6，\u4e5f\u6709\u76ca\u4e8e\u51cf\u5c11\u5185\u5b58\u788e\u7247\u3002（\u5185\u5b58\u788e\u7247（Memory Fragmentation）\u662f\u6307\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u88ab\u5206\u5272\u6210\u8bb8\u591a\u5c0f\u5757，\u5bfc\u81f4\u867d\u6709\u8db3\u591f\u603b\u7a7a\u95f2\u5185\u5b58，\u4f46\u65e0\u6cd5\u5206\u914d\u8fde\u7eed\u5927\u5757\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\u3002）<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u6587\u7ae0\u6d4f\u89c8\u9605\u8bfb925\u6b21\uff0c\u70b9\u8d5e19\u6b21\uff0c\u6536\u85cf10\u6b21\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u4e4b\u524d\u638c\u63e1\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u5f00\u8f9f\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1a\/\/\u521b\u5efa\u53d8\u91cf\uff1a\u5728\u6808\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e0a\u5f00\u8f9f\u4e864\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\/\/\u521b\u5efa\u6570\u7ec4\uff1a\u5728\u6808\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e0a\u7533\u8bf7\u5f00\u8f9f\u4e8680\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u7684\u8fde\u7eed\u7a7a\u95f4\u9759\u6001\u5206\u914d\uff08\u5982\u6570\u7ec4\uff09\u5fc5\u987b\u63d0\u524d\u786e\u5b9a\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u9002\u5e94\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u5141\u8bb8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u6309\u9700\u7533\u8bf7\u5185\u5b58\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u7528\u6237\u8f93\u5165\u51b3\u5b9a\u6570\u636e\u91cf\uff09\u3002mallocfree\u5f15\u5165\u52a8\u6001\u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u5df1\u7533\u8bf7\u91ca\u653e\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u6bd4\u8f83\u7075\u6d3b\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":58301,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[174,6138,427],"topic":[],"class_list":["post-58302","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-server","tag-c","tag-6138","tag-427"],"yoast_head":"\n
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- \u9898\u76ee2：\u4e0b\u9762\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u6267\u884c\u7ed3\u679c？<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
- \u7ec3\u4e601：\u4e0b\u9762\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u6267\u884c\u7ed3\u679c：<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
- \n