{"id":58144,"date":"2025-08-16T03:00:22","date_gmt":"2025-08-15T19:00:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/58144.html"},"modified":"2025-08-16T03:00:22","modified_gmt":"2025-08-15T19:00:22","slug":"%e5%88%a9%e7%94%a8snmp%e5%8d%8f%e8%ae%ae%e8%8e%b7%e5%8f%96%e5%92%8c%e7%ae%a1%e7%90%86%e6%9c%8d%e5%8a%a1%e5%99%a8%e4%bf%a1%e6%81%af","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/58144.html","title":{"rendered":"\u5229\u7528SNMP\u534f\u8bae\u83b7\u53d6\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4fe1\u606f"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u672c\u6587\u8fd8\u6709\u914d\u5957\u7684\u7cbe\u54c1\u8d44\u6e90，\u70b9\u51fb\u83b7\u53d6 \"menu-r.4af5f7ec.gif\" <\/p>\n

\u7b80\u4ecb：SNMP\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u4e8e\u7f51\u7edc\u8bbe\u5907\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u534f\u8bae，\u5b83\u4f7f\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u80fd\u591f\u8fdc\u7a0b\u6536\u96c6\u548c\u914d\u7f6e\u8bbe\u5907\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5b89\u88c5SNMP\u670d\u52a1\u3001\u914d\u7f6eSNMP\u4ee3\u7406\u3001\u542f\u52a8SNMP\u670d\u52a1，\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528SNMP\u5de5\u5177\u5982 snmpwalk \u548c snmpget ，\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u591a\u79cd\u4fe1\u606f，\u5305\u62ecCPU\u5229\u7528\u7387\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\u3001\u78c1\u76d8\u7a7a\u95f4\u548c\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3\u72b6\u6001\u7b49\u3002\u672c\u6587\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u4f7f\u7528SNMP\u83b7\u53d6\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4，\u5e76\u63d0\u5230\u4e86 Sigar \u5e93，\u8be5\u5e93\u652f\u6301\u901a\u8fc7SNMP\u83b7\u53d6\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8be6\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f，\u4e3a\u7cfb\u7edf\u76d1\u63a7\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4fbf\u5229\u3002 \"SNMP\" <\/p>\n

1. SNMP\u57fa\u672c\u6982\u5ff5 <\/h2>\n

1.1 SNMP\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e0e\u4f5c\u7528 <\/h3>\n

SNMP，\u5373\u7b80\u5355\u7f51\u7edc\u7ba1\u7406\u534f\u8bae，\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5e7f\u6cdb\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u7ba1\u7406\u534f\u8bae，\u7528\u4e8e\u7ba1\u7406\u7f51\u7edc\u8bbe\u5907\u5982\u8def\u7531\u5668\u3001\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u3001\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7b49\u3002SNMP\u4f7f\u5f97\u7f51\u7edc\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u7f51\u7edc\u8fdc\u7a0b\u76d1\u63a7\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u7f51\u7edc\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u3002 <\/p>\n

1.2 SNMP\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406 <\/h3>\n

SNMP\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee3\u7406（Agent）\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u7ad9（Manager）\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u4ee3\u7406\u9a7b\u7559\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u8bbe\u5907\u4e0a，\u6536\u96c6\u672c\u5730\u4fe1\u606f\u5e76\u54cd\u5e94\u6765\u81ea\u7ba1\u7406\u7ad9\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u3002\u7ba1\u7406\u7ad9\u5219\u8d1f\u8d23\u53d1\u51fa\u67e5\u8be2\u8bf7\u6c42，\u63a5\u6536\u4ee3\u7406\u7684\u54cd\u5e94，\u4ee5\u53ca\u6267\u884c\u7f51\u7edc\u7ba1\u7406\u4efb\u52a1\u3002 <\/p>\n

1.3 SNMP\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u7ec4\u4ef6 <\/h3>\n

SNMP\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u5305\u62ec\u4fe1\u606f\u6a21\u5757（MIBs）\u3001\u5bf9\u8c61\u6807\u8bc6\u7b26（OIDs）\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u7ba1\u7406\u4fe1\u606f（Managed Information）\u3002MIBs\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u8bbe\u5907\u4e0a\u53ef\u7531SNMP\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u7ed3\u6784，OIDs\u5219\u662f\u7528\u6765\u552f\u4e00\u6807\u8bc6MIB\u4e2d\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4fe1\u606f\u5355\u5143\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3002\u7ba1\u7406\u4fe1\u606f\u662f\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u8bbe\u5907\u72b6\u6001\u6570\u636e\u3002 <\/p>\n

flowchart LR
\n A[\u7ba1\u7406\u7ad9] — \u67e5\u8be2\u8bf7\u6c42 –> B(\u4ee3\u7406)
\n B — \u54cd\u5e94\u6570\u636e –> A<\/p>\n

\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0a\u8ff0\u7ae0\u8282\u5185\u5bb9，\u6211\u4eec\u9996\u5148\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86SNMP\u5e76\u89e3\u91ca\u4e86\u5b83\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u7ba1\u7406\u4e2d\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u63a5\u7740，\u6211\u4eec\u89e3\u91ca\u4e86SNMP\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406\u548c\u6838\u5fc3\u7ec4\u4ef6\u3002\u4e3a\u8bfb\u8005\u6784\u5efa\u4e86\u5bf9SNMP\u57fa\u7840\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u6846\u67b6，\u4e3a\u4e0b\u4e00\u7ae0\u8be6\u7ec6\u63a2\u8ba8\u5b89\u88c5\u4e0e\u914d\u7f6eSNMP\u670d\u52a1\u6253\u4e0b\u4e86\u57fa\u7840\u3002 <\/p>\n

2. SNMP\u670d\u52a1\u5b89\u88c5\u548c\u914d\u7f6e <\/h2>\n

2.1 SNMP\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u5b89\u88c5\u6b65\u9aa4 <\/h3>\n

2.1.1 \u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684SNMP\u7248\u672c\u548c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305 <\/h4>\n

\u7b80\u5355\u7f51\u7edc\u7ba1\u7406\u534f\u8bae（SNMP）\u662f\u4e00\u7ec4\u6807\u51c6\u548c\u534f\u8bae，\u7528\u4e8e\u76d1\u63a7\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u7f51\u7edc\u8bbe\u5907，\u5305\u62ec\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u3001\u8def\u7531\u5668\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7b49\u3002\u5b89\u88c5SNMP\u670d\u52a1\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u7248\u672c\u3002\u76ee\u524d\u4e3b\u6d41\u7684\u7248\u672c\u5305\u62ecSNMPv1\u3001SNMPv2c\u548cSNMPv3\u3002SNMPv1\u662f\u6700\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u7248\u672c，\u7531\u4e8e\u5b83\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u8f83\u4f4e，\u5efa\u8bae\u7528\u4e8e\u5185\u90e8\u7f51\u7edc\u3002SNMPv2c\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u534f\u8bae\u6548\u7387，\u4f46\u662f\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u80fd\u6ca1\u6709\u660e\u663e\u6539\u8fdb，\u800cSNMPv3\u5219\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc1\u548c\u52a0\u5bc6\u7279\u6027，\u662f\u6700\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u7248\u672c，\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5b89\u5168\u8981\u6c42\u8f83\u9ad8\u7684\u73af\u5883\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u9009\u62e9\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u65f6，\u53ef\u4ee5\u91c7\u7528\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u5668，\u4f8b\u5982\u5728Debian\u7cfb\u7684Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d，\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 apt \u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u5b89\u88c5SNMP\u670d\u52a1： <\/p>\n

sudo apt-get update
\nsudo apt-get install snmp<\/p>\n

\u5728RedHat\u7cfb\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d，\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 yum ： <\/p>\n

sudo yum update
\nsudo yum install snmp<\/p>\n

2.1.2 \u5b89\u88c5SNMP\u670d\u52a1\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf <\/h4>\n

\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u5b89\u88c5SNMP\u670d\u52a1\u65f6，\u5b89\u88c5\u6b65\u9aa4\u4f1a\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u4ee5Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e3a\u4f8b，\u5b89\u88c5\u6b65\u9aa4\u53ef\u4ee5\u6982\u62ec\u4e3a\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u70b9： <\/p>\n

  • \n

    \u5bf9\u4e8e\u57fa\u4e8eDebian\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf ，\u4f7f\u7528 apt \u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u5668： bash sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get install snmp snmpd <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    \u5bf9\u4e8e\u57fa\u4e8eRedHat\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf ，\u4f7f\u7528 yum \u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u5668： bash sudo yum update sudo yum install net-snmp net-snmp-utils <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    \u5bf9\u4e8eWindows\u7cfb\u7edf ，\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4eceNet-SNMP\u5b98\u65b9\u7f51\u7ad9\u4e0b\u8f7d\u5b89\u88c5\u7a0b\u5e8f，\u7136\u540e\u6309\u7167\u5b89\u88c5\u5411\u5bfc\u5b8c\u6210\u5b89\u88c5\u3002 <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    \u5bf9\u4e8eFreeBSD\u7cfb\u7edf ，\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 pkg \u547d\u4ee4： bash sudo pkg install net-mgmt\/net-snmp <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    \u5b89\u88c5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d，\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u6839\u636e\u7cfb\u7edf\u63d0\u793a\u914d\u7f6e\u521d\u59cbSNMP\u8bbe\u7f6e，\u5982\u793e\u533a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u548c\u76d1\u542c\u5730\u5740\u7b49\u3002\u5b89\u88c5\u5b8c\u6210\u540e，\u5e94\u8be5\u6839\u636e\u5b9e\u9645\u9700\u6c42\u5bf9SNMP\u670d\u52a1\u8fdb\u884c\u57fa\u672c\u914d\u7f6e\u3002 <\/p>\n

    2.2 SNMP\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u914d\u7f6e <\/h3>\n

    2.2.1 \u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u57fa\u672c\u53c2\u6570\u8bbe\u7f6e <\/h4>\n

    SNMP\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u901a\u5e38\u4f4d\u4e8e \/etc\/snmp\/ \u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b，\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u53ef\u80fd\u662f snmpd.conf \u6216\u7c7b\u4f3c\u540d\u79f0\u3002\u8be5\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u901a\u5e38\u5305\u542b\u591a\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206，\u6bcf\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u7531\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u914d\u7f6e\u6307\u4ee4\u7ec4\u6210，\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6307\u4ee4\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u662f\u201c\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u53c2\u65701=\u503c \u53c2\u65702=\u503c\u2026\u201d\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6307\u4ee4\u53ca\u5176\u53c2\u6570\u8bbe\u7f6e： <\/p>\n

      \n
    • syslocation ：\u63cf\u8ff0\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u7269\u7406\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002 <\/li>\n
    • syscontact ：\u7ba1\u7406\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u8054\u7cfb\u4eba\u4fe1\u606f\u3002 <\/li>\n
    • rocommunity ：\u8bbe\u7f6e\u53ea\u8bfb\u793e\u533a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3002 <\/li>\n
    • rwcommunity ：\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8bfb\u5199\u793e\u533a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3002 <\/li>\n
    • view ：\u5b9a\u4e49\u4fe1\u606f\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u89c6\u56fe\u3002 <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      \u4e00\u4e2a\u5178\u578b\u7684SNMP\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u793a\u4f8b\u5982\u4e0b： <\/p>\n

      # Global configuration
      \nsyslocation "Server Room – Building 2"
      \nsyscontact "admin@example.com"
      \n# Access control
      \nrocommunity public
      \nrwcommunity private
      \n# View configuration
      \nview systemview included .1.3.6.1.2.1.1
      \nview systemview included .1.3.6.1.2.1.25.1.1<\/p>\n

      2.2.2 \u8bbe\u7f6e\u8bbf\u95ee\u6743\u9650\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u7ea7\u522b <\/h4>\n

      \u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8bbf\u95ee\u6743\u9650\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u7ea7\u522b，\u4ee5\u4fdd\u62a4\u7f51\u7edc\u7ba1\u7406\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u53ea\u8bfb\u8bbf\u95ee，\u4f7f\u7528 rocommunity \u6307\u4ee4，\u5e76\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u5b9a\u53ea\u5141\u8bb8\u6765\u81ea\u7279\u5b9aIP\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42，\u4f8b\u5982： <\/p>\n

      rocommunity public 192.168.1.0\/24<\/p>\n

      \u5bf9\u4e8e\u8bfb\u5199\u6743\u9650，\u4f7f\u7528 rwcommunity \u6307\u4ee4\u3002\u800c\u4e3a\u4e86\u589e\u5f3a\u5b89\u5168\u6027，\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 rocommunity \u548c rwcommunity \u6307\u4ee4\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570（\u5bc6\u7801）\u8fdb\u884c\u52a0\u5bc6，\u4f8b\u5982： <\/p>\n

      rocommunity 9e2d5518b3d9a04e4a033e0b6ef616f6 192.168.1.0\/24
      \nrwcommunity 9e2d5518b3d9a04e4a033e0b6ef616f6<\/p>\n

      \u5bc6\u7801\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7 genhtml \u547d\u4ee4\u751f\u6210，\u786e\u4fdd\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002 <\/p>\n

      2.3 SNMP\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u6269\u5c55\u914d\u7f6e <\/h4>\n

      2.3.1 \u589e\u52a0\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684MIBs\u548cOIDs <\/h5>\n

      \u7ba1\u7406\u4fe1\u606f\u5e93（MIB）\u6587\u4ef6\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u53ef\u7531SNMP\u4ee3\u7406\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61，\u5b83\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u5bf9\u8c61\u6807\u8bc6\u7b26（OID）\u8fdb\u884c\u6807\u8bc6\u3002\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b，\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u6dfb\u52a0\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684MIB\u6587\u4ef6\u548cOIDs，\u4ee5\u4fbf\u4e8e\u5bf9\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u8bbe\u5907\u6216\u5e94\u7528\u8fdb\u884c\u7ba1\u7406\u3002 <\/p>\n

      \u6dfb\u52a0\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49MIB\u6587\u4ef6，\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528 mibs \u6307\u4ee4\u6307\u5b9aMIB\u6a21\u5757\u540d\u79f0\u5217\u8868： <\/p>\n

      mibs +MY-MIB-NAME<\/p>\n

      \u7136\u540e，\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3a MY-MIB-NAME.conf \u7684\u6587\u4ef6，\u5217\u51fa\u6240\u6709\u76f8\u5173\u7684OIDs\u3002 <\/p>\n

      2.3.2 \u4f7f\u7528\u7b56\u7565\u63a7\u5236SNMP\u884c\u4e3a <\/h5>\n

      \u7b56\u7565\u914d\u7f6e\u5141\u8bb8\u7528\u6237\u5bf9SNMP\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u8fdb\u884c\u66f4\u7ec6\u81f4\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u3002\u7b56\u7565\u5141\u8bb8\u4f60\u6307\u5b9a\u54ea\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6267\u884c，\u4ee5\u53ca\u5982\u4f55\u6267\u884c\u3002\u7b56\u7565\u53ef\u4ee5\u57fa\u4e8eIP\u5730\u5740\u3001\u7528\u6237\u3001\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u8bb8\u591a\u5176\u4ed6\u56e0\u7d20\u3002 <\/p>\n

      \u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u7b56\u7565\u914d\u7f6e\u793a\u4f8b，\u9650\u5236\u4e86\u7279\u5b9aIP\u5730\u5740\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u6743\u9650： <\/p>\n

      com2sec notConfigUser default public
      \ngroup MyROGroup v1 notConfigUser
      \ngroup MyROGroup v2c notConfigUser
      \naccess MyROGroup "" any noauth exact systemview none none<\/p>\n

      \u8fd9\u91cc， com2sec \u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3a notConfigUser \u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u5230\u5b89\u5168\u540d\u79f0\u7684\u6620\u5c04\u3002 group \u6307\u4ee4\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b89\u5168\u7ec4，\u5e76\u4e0e com2sec \u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u7ec4\u5173\u8054\u3002 access \u6307\u4ee4\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u5bf9 MyROGroup \u7ec4\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u6743\u9650，\u8be5\u7ec4\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbf\u95ee systemview \u89c6\u56fe\u4e2d\u7684\u4fe1\u606f，\u4f46\u4e0d\u88ab\u6388\u6743\u4fee\u6539\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002 <\/p>\n

      \u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0a\u6b65\u9aa4，SNMP\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u5b89\u88c5\u548c\u57fa\u672c\u914d\u7f6e\u5c31\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b8c\u6210\u3002\u6839\u636e\u7f51\u7edc\u73af\u5883\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u9700\u6c42\u7684\u4e0d\u540c，\u53ef\u80fd\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u4e00\u4e9b\u9ad8\u7ea7\u914d\u7f6e，\u8fd9\u5c06\u5728\u540e\u7eed\u7ae0\u8282\u4e2d\u8be6\u7ec6\u8ba8\u8bba\u3002 <\/p>\n

      3. SNMP\u4ee3\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u542f\u52a8 <\/h2>\n

      3.1 \u542f\u52a8SNMP\u4ee3\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5 <\/h3>\n

      \u5728\u76d1\u63a7\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d，SNMP\u4ee3\u7406（Agent）\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7f51\u7edc\u8bbe\u5907\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u7ad9（Manager）\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6865\u6881，\u8d1f\u8d23\u6536\u96c6\u548c\u63d0\u4f9b\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u542f\u52a8SNMP\u4ee3\u7406\u662f\u5b9e\u73b0\u7f51\u7edc\u8bbe\u5907\u76d1\u63a7\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\u3002 <\/p>\n

      3.1.1 \u5229\u7528\u7cfb\u7edf\u670d\u52a1\u5de5\u5177\u542f\u52a8 <\/h4>\n

      \u5927\u591a\u6570\u73b0\u4ee3\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7cfb\u7edf\u670d\u52a1\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177，\u5141\u8bb8\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u4ee5\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u542f\u52a8\u3001\u505c\u6b62\u548c\u7ba1\u7406SNMP\u4ee3\u7406\u3002\u4f8b\u5982，\u5728\u57fa\u4e8eLinux\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d，\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 systemctl \u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u7ba1\u7406SNMP\u4ee3\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u3002 <\/p>\n

      # \u542f\u52a8SNMP\u4ee3\u7406\u670d\u52a1
      \nsudo systemctl start snmpd<\/p>\n

      # \u505c\u6b62SNMP\u4ee3\u7406\u670d\u52a1
      \nsudo systemctl stop snmpd<\/p>\n

      # \u91cd\u542fSNMP\u4ee3\u7406\u670d\u52a1
      \nsudo systemctl restart snmpd<\/p>\n

      # \u8bbe\u7f6eSNMP\u4ee3\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u5f00\u673a\u81ea\u542f
      \nsudo systemctl enable snmpd<\/p>\n

      \u8fd9\u4e9b\u547d\u4ee4\u4f1a\u89e6\u53d1 \/etc\/init.d\/snmpd \u811a\u672c，\u6267\u884cSNMP\u4ee3\u7406\u7684\u542f\u52a8\u903b\u8f91\u3002\u9700\u8981\u5f3a\u8c03\u7684\u662f，\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u6839\u636e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5b89\u88c5\u65b9\u5f0f\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u540c， snmpd \u662f\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u540d\u3002 <\/p>\n

      3.1.2 \u624b\u52a8\u542f\u52a8\u548c\u505c\u6b62SNMP\u4ee3\u7406 <\/h4>\n

      \u9664\u4e86\u4f7f\u7528\u7cfb\u7edf\u670d\u52a1\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177\u5916，\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u901a\u8fc7\u6267\u884cSNMP\u4ee3\u7406\u7684\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u6765\u542f\u52a8\u670d\u52a1\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u9009\u9879，\u5e76\u5728\u9700\u8981\u65f6\u8fdb\u884c\u6545\u969c\u6392\u67e5\u3002 <\/p>\n

      # \u5728\u524d\u53f0\u624b\u52a8\u542f\u52a8SNMP\u4ee3\u7406，\u4fbf\u4e8e\u89c2\u5bdf\u542f\u52a8\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u8f93\u51fa
      \n\/usr\/sbin\/snmpd -f -Le<\/p>\n

      # \u5728\u540e\u53f0\u542f\u52a8SNMP\u4ee3\u7406，\u547d\u4ee4\u4e2d\u52a0\u5165 '&'
      \n\/usr\/sbin\/snmpd -Lsd -Lf \/dev\/null -p \/var\/run\/snmpd.pid &<\/p>\n

      \u53c2\u6570 -f \u8868\u793a\u4ee5\u524d\u53f0\u65b9\u5f0f\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee3\u7406\u8fdb\u7a0b， -Le \u8868\u793a\u5c06\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f\u8f93\u51fa\u5230\u6807\u51c6\u9519\u8bef，\u800c -Lsd \u8868\u793a\u4ee5\u5355\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6a21\u5f0f\u8fd0\u884c\u5e76\u4ec5\u8bb0\u5f55\u8c03\u8bd5\u4fe1\u606f\u5230\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa\u3002 <\/p>\n

      3.2 \u9a8c\u8bc1SNMP\u4ee3\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u72b6\u6001 <\/h3>\n

      \u542f\u52a8SNMP\u4ee3\u7406\u540e，\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5176\u72b6\u6001\u548c\u6027\u80fd\u662f\u5fc5\u4e0d\u53ef\u5c11\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002\u4ee3\u7406\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u68c0\u67e5\u5176\u8fd0\u884c\u72b6\u6001\u548c\u5206\u6790\u65e5\u5fd7\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u3002 <\/p>\n

      3.2.1 \u68c0\u67e5\u670d\u52a1\u8fd0\u884c\u72b6\u6001\u548c\u65e5\u5fd7 <\/h4>\n

      \u68c0\u67e5\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u72b6\u6001\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u786e\u8ba4SNMP\u4ee3\u7406\u662f\u5426\u5df2\u7ecf\u5728\u76d1\u542c\u7f51\u7edc\u8bf7\u6c42，\u800c\u67e5\u770b\u65e5\u5fd7\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u4e86\u89e3\u4ee3\u7406\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u662f\u5426\u9047\u5230\u4efb\u4f55\u95ee\u9898\u3002 <\/p>\n

      # \u68c0\u67e5SNMP\u4ee3\u7406\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u72b6\u6001
      \nps aux | grep snmpd<\/p>\n

      # \u67e5\u770bSNMP\u4ee3\u7406\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6
      \ntail -f \/var\/log\/snmpd.log<\/p>\n

      \u901a\u8fc7 ps aux \u547d\u4ee4\u7ed3\u5408 grep \u53ef\u4ee5\u5feb\u901f\u7b5b\u9009\u51fa\u5305\u542b snmpd \u5173\u952e\u5b57\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u4f7f\u7528 tail -f \u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u65f6\u67e5\u770b\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6700\u65b0\u5185\u5bb9，\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4e8e\u76d1\u63a7SNMP\u4ee3\u7406\u7684\u5b9e\u65f6\u884c\u4e3a\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\u3002 <\/p>\n

      3.2.2 \u4f7f\u7528SNMPwalk\u7b49\u5de5\u5177\u8fdb\u884c\u72b6\u6001\u6d4b\u8bd5 <\/h4>\n

      \u4e3a\u4e86\u9a8c\u8bc1SNMP\u4ee3\u7406\u662f\u5426\u6b63\u5e38\u54cd\u5e94\u7f51\u7edc\u8bf7\u6c42，\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 SNMPwalk \u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u6765\u67e5\u8be2\u4ee3\u7406\u4e0a\u53ef\u7528\u7684MIB\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002 <\/p>\n

      # \u4f7f\u7528SNMPwalk\u5de5\u5177\u6d4b\u8bd5SNMP\u4ee3\u7406\u7684\u72b6\u6001
      \nsnmpwalk -v 2c -c public localhost sysUpTimeInstance<\/p>\n

      \u4e0a\u8ff0\u547d\u4ee4\u4f7f\u7528SNMP\u7248\u672c2c，\u5171\u540c\u4f53\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e3a public ，\u76ee\u6807\u4e3b\u673a\u4e3a\u672c\u673a（ localhost ），\u67e5\u8be2OID\u4e3a sysUpTimeInstance \u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u5982\u679cSNMP\u4ee3\u7406\u6b63\u5e38\u8fd0\u884c，\u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u4f1a\u8f93\u51fa\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\u95f4\u3002 <\/p>\n

      3.3 \u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u7ef4\u62a4SNMP\u4ee3\u7406 <\/h3>\n

      \u7ba1\u7406SNMP\u4ee3\u7406\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u76d1\u63a7\u6027\u80fd\u3001\u53ca\u65f6\u54cd\u5e94\u6545\u969c，\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b9a\u671f\u66f4\u65b0\u8f6f\u4ef6，\u4ee5\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4ee3\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002 <\/p>\n

      3.3.1 \u5b9a\u671f\u66f4\u65b0SNMP\u8f6f\u4ef6 <\/h4>\n

      \u968f\u7740\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u548cSNMP\u8f6f\u4ef6\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u66f4\u65b0，\u65b0\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6f0f\u6d1e\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u53d1\u73b0，\u6027\u80fd\u95ee\u9898\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5f97\u5230\u89e3\u51b3\u3002\u56e0\u6b64，\u5b9a\u671f\u66f4\u65b0SNMP\u4ee3\u7406\u662f\u7ef4\u62a4\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168\u548c\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u73af\u8282\u3002 <\/p>\n

      # \u4f7f\u7528\u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u66f4\u65b0SNMP\u4ee3\u7406\u8f6f\u4ef6
      \n# \u4ee5Ubuntu\u4e3a\u4f8b
      \nsudo apt-get update
      \nsudo apt-get upgrade snmpd<\/p>\n

      # \u4ee5CentOS\u4e3a\u4f8b
      \nsudo yum update snmp<\/p>\n

      \u901a\u8fc7\u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u7684\u66f4\u65b0\u547d\u4ee4，\u53ef\u4ee5\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u5b89\u88c5\u6700\u65b0\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u3002\u6ce8\u610f，\u66f4\u65b0\u524d\u5e94\u5f53\u786e\u8ba4\u65b0\u7248\u672c\u4e0e\u73b0\u6709\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u517c\u5bb9\u6027\u3002 <\/p>\n

      3.3.2 \u76d1\u63a7\u670d\u52a1\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u53ca\u65f6\u54cd\u5e94\u6545\u969c <\/h4>\n

      \u76d1\u63a7SNMP\u4ee3\u7406\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u4e13\u95e8\u7684\u76d1\u63a7\u5de5\u5177\u6216\u811a\u672c，\u4ee5\u4fbf\u53ca\u65f6\u68c0\u6d4b\u5230\u6027\u80fd\u74f6\u9888\u6216\u5f02\u5e38\u3002 <\/p>\n

      # \u4f7f\u7528Nagios\u7b49\u76d1\u63a7\u5de5\u5177\u68c0\u6d4bSNMP\u4ee3\u7406\u54cd\u5e94\u65f6\u95f4
      \ncheck_snmp -H localhost -C public -o sysUpTime.0<\/p>\n

      \u4e0a\u8ff0\u547d\u4ee4\u4f7f\u7528 check_snmp \u63d2\u4ef6\u6765\u68c0\u67e5SNMP\u4ee3\u7406\u662f\u5426\u54cd\u5e94\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6027\u80fd\u51fa\u73b0\u5f02\u5e38，\u76d1\u63a7\u5de5\u5177\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u9001\u8b66\u544a\u4fe1\u606f\u7ed9\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u3002\u6b64\u5916，\u8fd8\u5e94\u5b9a\u671f\u68c0\u67e5\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d44\u6e90\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5，\u5982CPU\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u548c\u78c1\u76d8I\/O\u7b49\u3002 <\/p>\n

      SNMP\u4ee3\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u542f\u52a8\u548c\u7ef4\u62a4\u662f\u7f51\u7edc\u8bbe\u5907\u76d1\u63a7\u4e2d\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u786e\u4fdd\u4ee3\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u7a33\u5b9a\u8fd0\u884c，\u624d\u80fd\u4fdd\u8bc1\u7f51\u7edc\u76d1\u63a7\u7684\u51c6\u786e\u6027\u548c\u6709\u6548\u6027\u3002\u5728\u672c\u7ae0\u8282\u4e2d，\u6211\u4eec\u4e86\u89e3\u4e86\u542f\u52a8\u548c\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4ee3\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u65b9\u6cd5，\u4ee5\u53ca\u5982\u4f55\u5bf9\u4ee3\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u8fdb\u884c\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u7ef4\u62a4\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b9\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4fdd\u969c\u7f51\u7edc\u76d1\u63a7\u7684\u8fde\u7eed\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002 <\/p>\n

      4. \u4f7f\u7528SNMP\u5de5\u5177\u83b7\u53d6\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4fe1\u606f <\/h2>\n

      4.1 SNMP\u5de5\u5177\u4ecb\u7ecd\u548c\u9009\u62e9 <\/h3>\n

      4.1.1 \u5e38\u89c1SNMP\u5de5\u5177\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u5bf9\u6bd4 <\/h4>\n

      SNMP\u5de5\u5177\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u5de5\u5177，\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u56fe\u5f62\u7528\u6237\u754c\u9762（GUI）\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u529f\u80fd\u5305\u62ec： <\/p>\n

        \n
      • SNMPwalk ：\u904d\u5386\u548c\u68c0\u7d22\u7f51\u7edc\u8bbe\u5907\u4e0a\u7684MIB\u6811\u3002 <\/li>\n
      • SNMPget ：\u7528\u4e8e\u83b7\u53d6\u6307\u5b9aOID\u7684\u503c\u3002 <\/li>\n
      • SNMPset ：\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6307\u5b9aOID\u7684\u503c，\u7528\u4e8e\u4fee\u6539\u8bbe\u5907\u914d\u7f6e\u3002 <\/li>\n
      • SNMPtrap ：\u7528\u4e8e\u63a5\u6536\u548c\u5904\u7406SNMP\u9677\u9631（Trap）\u3002 <\/li>\n
      • MIB\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668 ：\u4e00\u79cd\u53ef\u4ee5\u6d4f\u89c8\u548c\u641c\u7d22MIB\u6811\u7684\u56fe\u5f62\u5de5\u5177\u3002 <\/li>\n
      • \u56fe\u5f62\u754c\u9762\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177 ：\u5982Cacti\u3001PRTG Network Monitor\u7b49，\u7528\u4e8e\u521b\u5efa\u56fe\u8868\u548c\u8b66\u62a5\u3002 <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        4.1.2 \u6839\u636e\u9700\u6c42\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684SNMP\u5de5\u5177 <\/h4>\n

        \u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684SNMP\u5de5\u5177\u65f6，\u9700\u8981\u6839\u636e\u4ee5\u4e0b\u56e0\u7d20\u8fdb\u884c\u51b3\u7b56： <\/p>\n

          \n
        • \u7528\u9014 ：\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u67e5\u8be2，SNMPwalk\u548cSNMPget\u5c31\u8db3\u591f\u4e86\u3002\u4f46\u82e5\u8981\u6784\u5efa\u590d\u6742\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf，\u5219\u9700\u8981\u8003\u8651\u50cfCacti\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u56fe\u5f62\u754c\u9762\u5de5\u5177\u3002 <\/li>\n
        • \u719f\u7ec3\u5ea6 ：\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u5de5\u5177\u901a\u5e38\u66f4\u52a0\u7075\u6d3b，\u4f46\u9700\u8981\u5bf9SNMP\u6709\u6df1\u5165\u7684\u4e86\u89e3\u3002\u800c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e0d\u719f\u6089\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u7684\u7528\u6237，\u56fe\u5f62\u754c\u9762\u5de5\u5177\u5219\u66f4\u76f4\u89c2\u6613\u7528\u3002 <\/li>\n
        • \u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u6027 ：\u5bf9\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u96c6\u6210\u5230\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u811a\u672c\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u60c5\u51b5，\u9009\u62e9\u5177\u6709\u4e30\u5bccAPI\u652f\u6301\u7684\u5de5\u5177，\u5982Sigar\u5e93\u3002 <\/li>\n
        • \u529f\u80fd\u9700\u6c42 ：\u6839\u636e\u662f\u5426\u9700\u8981\u62a5\u8868\u3001\u8b66\u62a5\u548c\u8d8b\u52bf\u5206\u6790\u7b49\u9ad8\u7ea7\u529f\u80fd\u6765\u9009\u62e9\u5177\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u3002 <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          4.2 \u5229\u7528SNMP\u5de5\u5177\u6536\u96c6\u4fe1\u606f <\/h3>\n

          4.2.1 \u4f7f\u7528SNMPwalk\u548cSNMPget\u547d\u4ee4 <\/h4>\n

          SNMPwalk\u547d\u4ee4\u793a\u4f8b： <\/p>\n

          snmpwalk -v 2c -c public 192.168.1.1 system<\/p>\n

          \u89e3\u91ca： <\/p>\n

            \n
          • -v 2c \u8868\u793aSNMP\u7248\u672c2c\u3002 <\/li>\n
          • -c public \u6307\u5b9a\u793e\u533a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e3apublic\u3002 <\/li>\n
          • 192.168.1.1 \u662f\u76ee\u6807\u8bbe\u5907\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u3002 <\/li>\n
          • system \u662f\u5f00\u59cb\u904d\u5386\u7684OID\u3002 <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

            SNMPget\u547d\u4ee4\u793a\u4f8b： <\/p>\n

            snmpget -v 2c -c public 192.168.1.1 sysUpTime.0<\/p>\n

            \u89e3\u91ca： <\/p>\n

              \n
            • sysUpTime.0 \u662fOID，\u4ee3\u8868\u7cfb\u7edf\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\u95f4\u3002 <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

              4.2.2 \u5229\u7528\u56fe\u5f62\u754c\u9762\u5de5\u5177\u7b80\u5316\u64cd\u4f5c <\/h4>\n

              \u56fe\u5f62\u754c\u9762\u5de5\u5177\u53ef\u4ee5\u7b80\u5316SNMP\u6570\u636e\u7684\u68c0\u7d22\u8fc7\u7a0b，\u8ba9\u975e\u6280\u672f\u7528\u6237\u4e5f\u80fd\u8f7b\u677e\u83b7\u53d6\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u4f8b\u5982，MIB\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u53ef\u4ee5\u56fe\u5f62\u5316\u663e\u793aMIB\u6811，\u5e76\u5141\u8bb8\u7528\u6237\u76f4\u63a5\u70b9\u51fb\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u4fe1\u606f\u3002 <\/p>\n

              MIB\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u4f7f\u7528\u793a\u4f8b： <\/p>\n

            • \u6253\u5f00MIB\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u3002 <\/li>\n
            • \u8fde\u63a5\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u8bbe\u5907\u3002 <\/li>\n
            • \u6d4f\u89c8\u5230\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u7684MIB\u8282\u70b9\u3002 <\/li>\n
            • \u70b9\u51fb\u83b7\u53d6\u4fe1\u606f\u3002 <\/li>\n

              \u4e0b\u56fe\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u5728MIB\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4fe1\u606f： <\/p>\n

              4.3 \u5206\u6790\u548c\u5904\u7406SNMP\u83b7\u53d6\u7684\u6570\u636e <\/h3>\n

              4.3.1 \u89e3\u6790\u6570\u636e\u8f93\u51fa\u5e76\u7406\u89e3\u5176\u542b\u4e49 <\/h4>\n

              \u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u540e，\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u89e3\u6790\u548c\u5206\u6790\u3002\u4f8b\u5982，\u901a\u8fc7SNMPwalk\u83b7\u53d6\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\u95f4\u4fe1\u606f\u53ef\u80fd\u663e\u793a\u4e3a： <\/p>\n

              sysUpTime.0 = Timeticks: (123456) 1 day, 10:17:36.00<\/p>\n

              \u8be5\u8f93\u51fa\u8bf4\u660e\u7cfb\u7edf\u5df2\u8fd0\u884c1\u592910\u5c0f\u65f617\u520636\u79d2\u3002 <\/p>\n

              4.3.2 \u6570\u636e\u62a5\u8868\u751f\u6210\u548c\u8d8b\u52bf\u5206\u6790 <\/h4>\n

              \u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u5de5\u5177\u6216\u5e73\u53f0\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u751f\u6210\u62a5\u8868\u548c\u8d8b\u52bf\u5206\u6790\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5de5\u5177\u80fd\u591f\u5904\u7406\u5927\u91cf\u6570\u636e，\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u56fe\u8868\u3001\u8b66\u62a5\u548c\u62a5\u544a\u3002\u4f8b\u5982，Cacti\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u4e8eWeb\u7684\u56fe\u5f62\u5316\u76d1\u63a7\u5de5\u5177，\u80fd\u591f\u521b\u5efa\u6570\u636e\u56fe\u8868\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u8be6\u7ec6\u62a5\u8868\u3002 <\/p>\n

              Cacti\u62a5\u8868\u751f\u6210\u793a\u4f8b： <\/p>\n

            • \u6dfb\u52a0\u9700\u8981\u76d1\u63a7\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u3002 <\/li>\n
            • \u521b\u5efa\u6570\u636e\u6a21\u677f\u3002 <\/li>\n
            • \u914d\u7f6e\u6570\u636e\u91c7\u96c6\u95f4\u9694\u3002 <\/li>\n
            • \u67e5\u770b\u751f\u6210\u7684\u62a5\u8868\u548c\u56fe\u8868\u3002 <\/li>\n

              \u4e0b\u8868\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u4f7f\u7528Cacti\u751f\u6210\u7684\u62a5\u8868\u6837\u4f8b： <\/p>\n\n \u65f6\u95f4\u70b9 CPU\u4f7f\u7528\u7387 \u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\u7387 \u78c1\u76d8I\/O <\/tr>\n\n\n\n
              2023-04-01 <\/td>\n 35% <\/td>\n 75% <\/td>\n 500KB <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
              2023-04-02 <\/td>\n 40% <\/td>\n 80% <\/td>\n 600KB <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

              \u901a\u8fc7\u4e0a\u8ff0\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u6790\u51fa\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u8d8b\u52bf，\u5e76\u636e\u6b64\u505a\u51fa\u4f18\u5316\u8c03\u6574\u3002 <\/p>\n

              5. SNMP\u4e2d\u7684MIB\u548cOID\u4f7f\u7528 <\/h2>\n

              5.1 MIB\u548cOID\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6982\u5ff5 <\/h3>\n

              5.1.1 \u7406\u89e3MIB\u548cOID\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u548c\u4f5c\u7528 <\/h4>\n

              \u7ba1\u7406\u4fe1\u606f\u5e93（MIB）\u548c\u5bf9\u8c61\u6807\u8bc6\u7b26（OID）\u662fSNMP\u534f\u8bae\u4e2d\u7528\u4e8e\u5b9a\u4e49\u548c\u5b9a\u4f4d\u7ba1\u7406\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u7ec4\u4ef6\u3002MIB\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u4e00\u672c\u8be6\u5c3d\u7684\u201c\u8bcd\u5178\u201d，\u5b83\u4f7f\u7528\u6811\u72b6\u7ed3\u6784\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5404\u79cd\u7f51\u7edc\u8bbe\u5907\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u6807\u8bc6\u7b26，\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5bf9\u8c61\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7SNMP\u8fdb\u884c\u76d1\u63a7\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u53c2\u6570\u3002OID\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6811\u72b6\u7ed3\u6784\u4e2d\u6bcf\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u201c\u5730\u5740\u201d，\u5b83\u4ece\u6811\u7684\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u5f00\u59cb，\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u8282\u70b9\u6807\u8bc6\u7b26\u6765\u552f\u4e00\u786e\u5b9a\u6811\u4e0a\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u5b9a\u70b9\u3002 <\/p>\n

              \u4e3e\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50，\u4e00\u4e2aOID\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u8868\u793a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3\u7684\u6536\u53d1\u5305\u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u91cf\u3002\u5728MIB\u7684\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e0b，\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u627e\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2aOID，\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7SNMP\u67e5\u8be2\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u6570\u503c\u4fe1\u606f\u3002 <\/p>\n

              5.1.2 \u5b66\u4e60\u6807\u51c6MIB\u548c\u79c1\u6709MIB\u7684\u533a\u522b <\/h4>\n

              \u6807\u51c6MIB\u662f\u7531\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u5de5\u7a0b\u4efb\u52a1\u7ec4（IETF）\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u6807\u51c6，\u5b83\u4eec\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u901a\u7528\u7684\u3001\u8de8\u5e73\u53f0\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u7ed3\u6784\u5b9a\u4e49，\u786e\u4fdd\u4e0d\u540c\u5382\u5546\u548c\u8bbe\u5907\u4e4b\u95f4\u6709\u5171\u540c\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u4fe1\u606f\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u4f8b\u5982，RFC 1213\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684MIB-II\u662f\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7f51\u7edc\u8bbe\u5907\u652f\u6301\u7684\u6807\u51c6MIB\u3002 <\/p>\n

              \u79c1\u6709MIB\u5219\u662f\u7531\u8bbe\u5907\u5236\u9020\u5546\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u4e13\u6709\u4fe1\u606f\u7ed3\u6784，\u5b83\u53ef\u80fd\u5305\u542b\u7279\u5b9a\u4e8e\u5382\u5546\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u4fe1\u606f\u548c\u6269\u5c55\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u79c1\u6709MIB\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u5e94\u5382\u5546\u63d0\u4f9b\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684MIB\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u6587\u6863，\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u4e0d\u88ab\u6240\u6709SNMP\u5de5\u5177\u6240\u9ed8\u8ba4\u652f\u6301\u3002 <\/p>\n

              \u7406\u89e3MIB\u548cOID\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6df1\u5165\u4f7f\u7528SNMP\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u5728\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u7684\u7ae0\u8282\u4e2d，\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u63a2\u8ba8\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u4fe1\u606f\u6536\u96c6\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528MIB\u548cOID\u3002 <\/p>\n

              5.2 MIB\u548cOID\u5728\u4fe1\u606f\u6536\u96c6\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528 <\/h3>\n

              5.2.1 \u901a\u8fc7OID\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6240\u9700\u7cfb\u7edf\u4fe1\u606f <\/h4>\n

              \u8981\u901a\u8fc7SNMP\u83b7\u53d6\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u4fe1\u606f，\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u4e0e\u4e4b\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684OID\u3002\u4f8b\u5982，\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u8981\u83b7\u53d6\u7f51\u7edc\u8bbe\u5907\u7684CPU\u4f7f\u7528\u7387，\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u67e5\u8be2\u5230\u8be5\u8bbe\u5907\u7684CPU\u8d1f\u8f7d\u76f8\u5173\u7684OID\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9bOID\u5728\u8bbe\u5907\u7684MIB\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6709\u6240\u5b9a\u4e49\u3002 <\/p>\n

              \u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e2d，OID\u7684\u641c\u7d22\u53ef\u80fd\u6bd4\u8f83\u7e41\u7410，\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u5bf9MIB\u6811\u7684\u6df1\u5165\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u5e78\u8fd0\u7684\u662f，\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u4e0a\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u8d44\u6e90\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u627e\u5230\u5e38\u7528\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u5e38\u89c1OID，\u4f8b\u5982OID\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u5de5\u5177\u6216\u5728\u7ebfMIB\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3002 <\/p>\n

              \u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50，\u8bf4\u660e\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528 snmpwalk \u547d\u4ee4\u901a\u8fc7OID\u83b7\u53d6\u4fe1\u606f： <\/p>\n

              snmpwalk -v 2c -c public 192.168.1.1 1.3.6.1.2.1.25.1.1<\/p>\n

              \u4e0a\u8ff0\u547d\u4ee4\u5c06\u8fd4\u56de\u7cfb\u7edf\u63cf\u8ff0\u4fe1\u606f， 1.3.6.1.2.1.25.1.1 \u662f\u5bf9\u5e94\u7cfb\u7edf\u63cf\u8ff0\u7684OID\u3002 -v \u548c -c \u53c2\u6570\u5206\u522b\u8868\u793aSNMP\u534f\u8bae\u7248\u672c\u548c\u793e\u533a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32（\u5728SNMPv3\u4e2d，\u793e\u533a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u88ab\u5b89\u5168\u51ed\u8bc1\u66ff\u4ee3）\u3002 <\/p>\n

              5.2.2 \u7ed3\u5408MIB\u6587\u4ef6\u89e3\u6790\u590d\u6742\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784 <\/h4>\n

              \u5728\u83b7\u53d6\u5230\u521d\u6b65\u7684OID\u4e4b\u540e，\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u4e86\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e2aOID\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u7684MIB\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u4e00\u4e2aOID\u53ef\u80fd\u6307\u5411\u4e00\u4e2a\u590d\u6742\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784，\u6bd4\u5982\u8868\u7ed3\u6784\u6216\u5d4c\u5957\u8868\u7ed3\u6784\u3002 <\/p>\n

              \u89e3\u6790\u8fd9\u4e9b\u590d\u6742\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981MIB\u6587\u4ef6\u3002MIB\u6587\u4ef6\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u79cd\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u8bed\u8a00\u7f16\u5199，\u5b83\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u3001\u884c\u4e3a\u53ca\u5176\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u4f7f\u7528MIB\u6587\u4ef6\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3aOID\u63d0\u4f9b\u66f4\u5177\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u64cd\u4f5c\u6027\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u3002 <\/p>\n

              \u4f8b\u5982，MIB\u6587\u4ef6\u53ef\u4ee5\u544a\u8bc9\u6211\u4eec\u4e00\u4e2aOID\u662f\u6574\u6570\u3001\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3001\u8fd8\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b\u591a\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u8868\u3002\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b，\u5355\u4e2aOID\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u591a\u4e2a\u8868\u7684\u8868\u9879\u96c6\u5408，\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8868\u9879\u9700\u8981\u6839\u636eMIB\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u8fdb\u884c\u89e3\u6790，\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002 <\/p>\n

              5.3 MIB\u548cOID\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u4e0e\u4f18\u5316 <\/h3>\n

              5.3.1 \u5b9a\u671f\u66f4\u65b0MIB\u5e93\u4ee5\u9002\u5e94\u7cfb\u7edf\u66f4\u65b0 <\/h4>\n

              \u968f\u7740\u7f51\u7edc\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u5347\u7ea7\u548c\u65b0\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u52a0\u5165，\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684MIB\u5e93\u4e5f\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u66f4\u65b0\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u65b0\u7248\u672c\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u53ef\u80fd\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u65b0\u7684MIB\u5143\u7d20\u6216\u5bf9\u73b0\u6709MIB\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u4fee\u6539\u3002 <\/p>\n

              \u5728\u4f01\u4e1a\u73af\u5883\u4e2d，\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u65b0\u673a\u5236，\u5b9a\u671f\u68c0\u67e5\u548c\u66f4\u65b0\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u8bbe\u5907\u7684MIB\u5e93\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u8fc7\u7a0b\u6709\u65f6\u662f\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u7684，\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u624b\u52a8\u6267\u884c\u7684，\u8fd9\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u89c4\u6a21\u548c\u590d\u6742\u6027\u3002 <\/p>\n

              5.3.2 \u4f18\u5316OID\u67e5\u8be2\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u6548\u7387 <\/h4>\n

              \u67e5\u8be2\u6548\u7387\u662f\u4f7f\u7528SNMP\u65f6\u9700\u8981\u8003\u8651\u7684\u5173\u952e\u56e0\u7d20\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u4f18\u5316OID\u67e5\u8be2\u901a\u5e38\u5305\u62ec\u51cf\u5c11\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u83b7\u53d6\u3001\u5408\u5e76\u591a\u4e2a\u67e5\u8be2\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u5229\u7528SNMPv3\u4e2d\u589e\u52a0\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u548c\u9690\u79c1\u7279\u6027\u3002 <\/p>\n

              \u4f8b\u5982，\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e94\u7528\u9700\u8981\u540c\u65f6\u83b7\u53d6\u591a\u4e2aOID\u7684\u6570\u636e，\u90a3\u4e48\u4f7f\u7528 snmpbulkwalk \u6216 snmpgetnext \u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u66f4\u52a0\u9ad8\u6548，\u8fd9\u4e9b\u547d\u4ee4\u652f\u6301\u83b7\u53d6\u591a\u4e2a\u8fde\u7eedOID\u503c\u800c\u51cf\u5c11\u7f51\u7edc\u5f80\u8fd4\u6b21\u6570\u3002 <\/p>\n

              \u6b64\u5916，\u5408\u7406\u5730\u89c4\u5212\u548c\u4f7f\u7528SNMP\u4ee3\u7406\u7684\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5668\u53ef\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c11\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u6570\u636e\u8fd4\u56de\u3002\u5982\u5728\u4ee3\u7406\u7aef\u914d\u7f6e\u53ea\u8fd4\u56de\u7279\u5b9a\u7684OID\u4fe1\u606f，\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u51cf\u5c11\u7f51\u7edc\u8d1f\u8f7d\u548c\u63d0\u9ad8\u54cd\u5e94\u901f\u5ea6\u3002 <\/p>\n

              \u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f7f\u7528 snmpbulkwalk \u547d\u4ee4\u4f18\u5316\u67e5\u8be2\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b： <\/p>\n

              snmpbulkwalk -v 2c -c public -Cr 20 192.168.1.1 1.3.6.1.2.1.25.1.1<\/p>\n

              \u8fd9\u91cc -Cr \u53c2\u6570\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e86\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u975e\u91cd\u590d\u6b21\u6570，\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u67e5\u8be2\u6027\u80fd，\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728\u5904\u7406\u5927\u8868\u65f6\u3002 <\/p>\n

              \u5728\u8fdb\u884cOID\u67e5\u8be2\u65f6，\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u907f\u514d\u4f7f\u7528\u8fc7\u4e8e\u5bbd\u6cdb\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u6a21\u5f0f，\u5426\u5219\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u6d41\u91cf\u548c\u4ee3\u7406\u6027\u80fd\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u662f\u5728\u67e5\u8be2\u524d\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u5177\u4f53\u5730\u786e\u5b9a\u9700\u8981\u7684\u6570\u636e，\u5e76\u636e\u6b64\u8bbe\u8ba1\u67e5\u8be2\u3002 <\/p>\n

              \u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f，\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u786e\u4fdd\u901a\u8fc7MIB\u548cOID\u83b7\u53d6\u7f51\u7edc\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u65e2\u9ad8\u6548\u53c8\u53ef\u9760\u3002\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7ef4\u62a4\u5927\u578b\u7f51\u7edc\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5065\u5eb7\u548c\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u6216\u7f3a\u7684\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765，\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u8f6c\u5411\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u5229\u7528Sigar\u5e93\u6765\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u589e\u5f3a\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u76d1\u63a7\u80fd\u529b\u3002 <\/p>\n

              6. Sigar\u5e93\u529f\u80fd\u4ecb\u7ecd <\/h2>\n

              6.1 Sigar\u5e93\u7684\u5b89\u88c5\u548c\u914d\u7f6e <\/h3>\n

              6.1.1 \u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u5b89\u88c5\u65b9\u5f0f\u548c\u73af\u5883 <\/h4>\n

              Sigar（System Information Gatherer And Reporter）\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8de8\u5e73\u53f0\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u4fe1\u606f\u548c\u76d1\u63a7\u5e93，\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684API\u63a5\u53e3\u7528\u4e8e\u83b7\u53d6\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u5b89\u88c5\u65b9\u5f0f\u548c\u73af\u5883\u5bf9\u4e8e\u786e\u4fddSigar\u5e93\u80fd\u591f\u6b63\u5e38\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u53ca\u65b9\u4fbf\u540e\u7eed\u7ef4\u62a4\u662f\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002 <\/p>\n

              \u4e00\u822c\u800c\u8a00，Sigar\u7684\u5b89\u88c5\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u6216\u8005\u6e90\u7801\u7f16\u8bd1\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u5b8c\u6210\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8eUnix-like\u7cfb\u7edf（\u5305\u62ecLinux\u3001macOS\u7b49），\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u6765\u5b89\u88c5\u9884\u7f16\u8bd1\u7684Sigar\u5305\u3002\u4ee5Debian\/Ubuntu\u4e3a\u4f8b，\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5b89\u88c5： <\/p>\n

              sudo apt-get install libsigar2<\/p>\n

              \u5bf9\u4e8e\u90a3\u4e9b\u5e0c\u671b\u91c7\u7528\u6700\u65b0\u7279\u6027\u6216\u8005\u5b58\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u4f9d\u8d56\u9700\u6c42\u7684\u7528\u6237，\u7f16\u8bd1\u6e90\u7801\u5b89\u88c5\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u7f16\u8bd1\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6b65\u9aa4： <\/p>\n

            • \u4e0b\u8f7dSigar\u7684\u6e90\u7801\u5305\u3002 <\/li>\n
            • \u89e3\u538b\u7f29\u6e90\u7801\u5305\u3002 <\/li>\n
            • \u8fdb\u5165\u89e3\u538b\u7f29\u540e\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u3002 <\/li>\n
            • \u8fd0\u884c .\/configure \u8fdb\u884c\u914d\u7f6e\u3002 <\/li>\n
            • \u6267\u884c make \u8fdb\u884c\u7f16\u8bd1\u3002 <\/li>\n
            • \u4f7f\u7528 sudo make install \u5b8c\u6210\u5b89\u88c5\u3002 <\/li>\n

              \u5b89\u88c5\u65f6，\u8981\u786e\u4fdd\u7cfb\u7edf\u5177\u5907\u7f16\u8bd1\u73af\u5883，\u5305\u62ec\u4f46\u4e0d\u9650\u4e8egcc\u3001make\u7b49\u5de5\u5177\u3002 <\/p>\n

              6.1.2 \u914d\u7f6eSigar\u4e0eSNMP\u96c6\u6210 <\/h4>\n

              \u4e3a\u4e86\u4e0eSNMP\u96c6\u6210，Sigar\u5e93\u9700\u8981\u914d\u7f6e\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u6743\u9650\u548c\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u8fd9\u901a\u5e38\u5728\u521d\u59cb\u5316Sigar\u65f6\u901a\u8fc7\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u4ee3\u7801\u8fdb\u884c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002\u4f8b\u5982，\u5f53\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528Sigar\u6765\u8bbf\u95ee\u901a\u8fc7SNMP\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u8fdc\u7a0b\u7cfb\u7edf\u4fe1\u606f\u65f6，\u53ef\u4ee5\u914d\u7f6e\u76f8\u5e94\u7684SNMP\u53c2\u6570\u3002 <\/p>\n

              \u5728Linux\u73af\u5883\u4e0b，\u4f60\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u8bbe\u7f6e \/etc\/sigar.conf \u6587\u4ef6，\u6dfb\u52a0\u6216\u4fee\u6539SNMP\u76f8\u5173\u914d\u7f6e\u9879： <\/p>\n

              snmpCommunity=public
              \nsnmpHost=192.168.1.1
              \nsnmpPort=161<\/p>\n

              \u5728\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d，\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u65b9\u5f0f\u521d\u59cb\u5316Sigar\u5e76\u8bbe\u7f6eSNMP\u53c2\u6570： <\/p>\n

              Sigar sigar = new Sigar();
              \nsigar.configSet("snmpCommunity", "public");
              \nsigar.configSet("snmpHost", "192.168.1.1");
              \nsigar.configSet("snmpPort", 161);<\/p>\n

              \u786e\u4fdd\u8fd9\u4e9b\u914d\u7f6e\u6b63\u786e，\u4f7f\u5f97Sigar\u80fd\u591f\u4f7f\u7528SNMP\u534f\u8bae\u4e0e\u8fdc\u7a0b\u8bbe\u5907\u901a\u4fe1，\u4ece\u800c\u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u9700\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u4fe1\u606f\u3002 <\/p>\n

              6.2 \u5229\u7528Sigar\u5e93\u8fdb\u884c\u7cfb\u7edf\u76d1\u63a7 <\/h3>\n

              6.2.1 Sigar\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u76d1\u63a7\u63a5\u53e3\u548c\u529f\u80fd <\/h4>\n

              Sigar\u5e93\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u5957\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u76d1\u63a7\u63a5\u53e3，\u8986\u76d6\u4e86CPU\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u3001\u78c1\u76d8\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u7b49\u591a\u79cd\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d44\u6e90\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u83b7\u53d6\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e9b\u63a5\u53e3，\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u5b9e\u73b0\u5bf9\u7cfb\u7edf\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u76d1\u63a7\u3002 <\/p>\n

              \u4ee5Java\u8bed\u8a00\u4e3a\u4f8b，\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528Sigar\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684 Mem \u63a5\u53e3\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5： <\/p>\n

              public void checkMemoryUsage() {
              \n Sigar sigar = new Sigar();
              \n Mem mem = sigar.getMem();
              \n System.out.println("Total: " + mem.getTotal() + "KB");
              \n System.out.println("Used: " + mem.getUsed() + "KB");
              \n System.out.println("Free: " + mem.getFree() + "KB");
              \n}<\/p>\n

              \u540c\u6837\u7684，\u4f7f\u7528 Cpu \u63a5\u53e3\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6CPU\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u7b49\u4fe1\u606f，\u800c NetStat \u63a5\u53e3\u53ef\u4ee5\u76d1\u63a7\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u548c\u6d41\u91cf\u3002\u6240\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u6784\u5efa\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u76d1\u63a7\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3002 <\/p>\n

              6.2.2 \u7f16\u5199\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5b9e\u73b0\u81ea\u52a8\u76d1\u63a7\u548c\u8b66\u62a5 <\/h4>\n

              \u6709\u4e86Sigar\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u63a5\u53e3，\u7f16\u5199\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5b9e\u73b0\u81ea\u52a8\u76d1\u63a7\u548c\u8b66\u62a5\u53d8\u5f97\u76f8\u5bf9\u7b80\u5355\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684Java\u793a\u4f8b\u7a0b\u5e8f，\u8be5\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5b9a\u671f\u68c0\u67e5\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d1f\u8f7d，\u5e76\u5728\u8d1f\u8f7d\u8d85\u8fc7\u67d0\u4e2a\u9608\u503c\u65f6\u53d1\u9001\u8b66\u62a5\u3002 <\/p>\n

              public class SystemMonitor {<\/p>\n

              public static void main(String[] args) {
              \n Sigar sigar = new Sigar();
              \n long prevLoad = 0;
              \n long delay = 10000; \/\/ 10\u79d2\u5ef6\u8fdf<\/p>\n

              while (true) {
              \n CpuPerc[] cpuPercs = sigar.getCpuPercList();
              \n long load = 0;
              \n for (CpuPerc cpuPerc : cpuPercs) {
              \n load += cpuPerc.getCombined();
              \n }
              \n if (prevLoad > 0 && (load – prevLoad) \/ delay >\u8b66\u62a5\u9608\u503c) {
              \n sendAlert(load – prevLoad);
              \n }
              \n prevLoad = load;
              \n try {
              \n Thread.sleep(delay);
              \n } catch (InterruptedException e) {
              \n Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
              \n }
              \n }
              \n }<\/p>\n

              private static void sendAlert(long loadIncrease) {
              \n System.out.println("\u8b66\u62a5！\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d1f\u8f7d\u589e\u52a0\u4e86 " + loadIncrease);
              \n \/\/ \u8fd9\u91cc\u53ef\u4ee5\u6dfb\u52a0\u53d1\u9001\u90ae\u4ef6\u3001\u77ed\u4fe1\u7b49\u8b66\u62a5\u65b9\u5f0f
              \n }
              \n}<\/p>\n

              \u6b64\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6bcf10\u79d2\u68c0\u67e5\u4e00\u6b21CPU\u8d1f\u8f7d，\u5e76\u5728\u8d1f\u8f7d\u6709\u663e\u8457\u589e\u52a0\u65f6\u6253\u5370\u8b66\u62a5\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d，\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06 sendAlert \u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\u7684\u6253\u5370\u64cd\u4f5c\u66ff\u6362\u4e3a\u53d1\u9001\u90ae\u4ef6\u3001\u77ed\u4fe1\u6216\u8005\u8c03\u7528\u5176\u4ed6\u901a\u77e5\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c，\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u8b66\u62a5\u529f\u80fd\u3002 <\/p>\n

              6.3 Sigar\u5e93\u7684\u9ad8\u7ea7\u5e94\u7528 <\/h3>\n

              6.3.1 \u96c6\u6210Sigar\u5230\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d <\/h4>\n

              \u5c06Sigar\u5e93\u96c6\u6210\u5230\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d，\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u5e94\u7528\u83b7\u5f97\u5b9e\u65f6\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u76d1\u63a7\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u96c6\u6210Sigar，\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u91cd\u65b0\u5b9e\u73b0\u5e95\u5c42\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u4fe1\u606f\u83b7\u53d6\u903b\u8f91，\u800c\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u8c03\u7528Sigar\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684API\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u9700\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002 <\/p>\n

              \u4f8b\u5982，\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u76d1\u63a7\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u4e2d，\u4f60\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u9700\u8981\u96c6\u6210Sigar\u6765\u76d1\u63a7\u8d44\u6e90\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5，\u5e76\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f\u5b58\u50a8\u6216\u5c55\u793a\u7ed9\u6700\u7ec8\u7528\u6237\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u6dfb\u52a0Sigar\u4f9d\u8d56\u5e93\u5230\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d，\u7136\u540e\u4f7f\u7528Java\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u52a0\u8f7d\u548c\u53cd\u5c04\u673a\u5236\u6765\u52a0\u8f7dSigar\u5e93： <\/p>\n

              public class SigarLoader {
              \n public static void loadSigar() {
              \n try {
              \n Class<?> sigarClass = Class.forName("org.hyperic.sigar.Sigar");
              \n Constructor<?> constructor = sigarClass.getConstructor();
              \n Object sigar = constructor.newInstance();
              \n \/\/ \u73b0\u5728\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 sigar \u5bf9\u8c61\u8c03\u7528Sigar\u5e93\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5
              \n } catch (Exception e) {
              \n e.printStackTrace();
              \n }
              \n }
              \n}<\/p>\n

              \u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u573a\u666f\u4e2d，\u4f60\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u548c\u8d44\u6e90\u7ba1\u7406\u7b56\u7565，\u6bd4\u5982\u4f7f\u7528\u5355\u4f8b\u6a21\u5f0f\u6765\u7ba1\u7406Sigar\u5b9e\u4f8b，\u6216\u8005\u5728\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7ed3\u675f\u65f6\u5173\u95edSigar\u8d44\u6e90\u3002 <\/p>\n

              6.3.2 \u5229\u7528Sigar\u8fdb\u884c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d44\u6e90\u5206\u6790\u548c\u6027\u80fd\u8c03\u4f18 <\/h4>\n

              Sigar\u5e93\u4e0d\u4ec5\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u76d1\u63a7，\u8fd8\u80fd\u591f\u7528\u4e8e\u6df1\u5165\u5206\u6790\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d44\u6e90\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5，\u5e76\u8f85\u52a9\u8fdb\u884c\u6027\u80fd\u8c03\u4f18\u3002\u901a\u8fc7Sigar\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\u548c\u5386\u53f2\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790，\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u80fd\u591f\u627e\u51fa\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u74f6\u9888\u5e76\u5b9e\u65bd\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u4f18\u5316\u7b56\u7565\u3002 <\/p>\n

              Sigar\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u6570\u636e\u83b7\u53d6\u63a5\u53e3，\u4f8b\u5982： <\/p>\n

                \n
              • LoadAverage – \u83b7\u53d6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5e73\u5747\u503c\u3002 <\/li>\n
              • CpuPerc – \u83b7\u53d6CPU\u4f7f\u7528\u767e\u5206\u6bd4\u3002 <\/li>\n
              • Swap – \u83b7\u53d6\u4ea4\u6362\u5206\u533a\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\u3002 <\/li>\n
              • NetStat – \u83b7\u53d6\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u3002 <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                \u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5206\u6790，\u4f8b\u5982\u7ed8\u5236\u56fe\u8868\u6216\u751f\u6210\u62a5\u544a，\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u89c2\u5730\u89c2\u5bdf\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u80fd\u968f\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u7ed3\u5408\u4e00\u4e9b\u9608\u503c\u5224\u65ad\u548c\u5386\u53f2\u6570\u636e\u6bd4\u5bf9，\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5206\u6790\u51fa\u54ea\u4e9b\u65b9\u9762\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u3002\u4f8b\u5982，\u5982\u679c\u53d1\u73b0\u4ea4\u6362\u5185\u5b58（swap）\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u7ecf\u5e38\u8d85\u8fc7\u67d0\u4e2a\u9608\u503c，\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u589e\u52a0\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c11\u5bf9\u4ea4\u6362\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56，\u4ece\u800c\u63d0\u5347\u6574\u4f53\u6027\u80fd\u3002 <\/p>\n

                \u6b64\u5916，Sigar\u652f\u6301\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee3\u7406\u65b9\u5f0f\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fdc\u7a0b\u673a\u5668\u4e0a\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u4fe1\u606f，\u8fd9\u4e3a\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u8c03\u4f18\u8de8\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u591a\u53f0\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4fbf\u5229\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u7f16\u5199\u811a\u672c\u6216\u7a0b\u5e8f，\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdc\u7a0b\u83b7\u53d6\u591a\u53f0\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u6570\u636e，\u5e76\u8fdb\u884c\u96c6\u4e2d\u7684\u76d1\u63a7\u548c\u5206\u6790，\u4ece\u800c\u5b9e\u73b0\u66f4\u52a0\u7cbe\u7ec6\u5316\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u4f18\u5316\u3002 <\/p>\n

                \u672c\u6587\u8fd8\u6709\u914d\u5957\u7684\u7cbe\u54c1\u8d44\u6e90，\u70b9\u51fb\u83b7\u53d6 \"menu-r.4af5f7ec.gif\" <\/p>\n

                \u7b80\u4ecb：SNMP\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u4e8e\u7f51\u7edc\u8bbe\u5907\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u534f\u8bae，\u5b83\u4f7f\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u80fd\u591f\u8fdc\u7a0b\u6536\u96c6\u548c\u914d\u7f6e\u8bbe\u5907\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5b89\u88c5SNMP\u670d\u52a1\u3001\u914d\u7f6eSNMP\u4ee3\u7406\u3001\u542f\u52a8SNMP\u670d\u52a1，\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528SNMP\u5de5\u5177\u5982 snmpwalk \u548c snmpget ，\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u591a\u79cd\u4fe1\u606f，\u5305\u62ecCPU\u5229\u7528\u7387\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\u3001\u78c1\u76d8\u7a7a\u95f4\u548c\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3\u72b6\u6001\u7b49\u3002\u672c\u6587\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u4f7f\u7528SNMP\u83b7\u53d6\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4，\u5e76\u63d0\u5230\u4e86 Sigar \u5e93，\u8be5\u5e93\u652f\u6301\u901a\u8fc7SNMP\u83b7\u53d6\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8be6\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f，\u4e3a\u7cfb\u7edf\u76d1\u63a7\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4fbf\u5229\u3002 <\/p>\n

                \u672c\u6587\u8fd8\u6709\u914d\u5957\u7684\u7cbe\u54c1\u8d44\u6e90，\u70b9\u51fb\u83b7\u53d6 \"menu-r.4af5f7ec.gif\" <\/p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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