{"id":57769,"date":"2025-08-15T19:30:35","date_gmt":"2025-08-15T11:30:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/57769.html"},"modified":"2025-08-15T19:30:35","modified_gmt":"2025-08-15T11:30:35","slug":"linux%e9%ab%98%e7%ba%a7%e7%bc%96%e7%a8%8b-framebuffer","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/57769.html","title":{"rendered":"Linux\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7f16\u7a0b-framebuffer"},"content":{"rendered":"

1.framebuffer\u6982\u5ff5<\/h2>\n

UI\u6280\u672f：User interface \u00a0<\/p>\n

framebuffer：\u5e27\u7f13\u51b2\u3001\u5e27\u7f13\u5b58\u6280\u672f
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Linux\u5185\u6838\u4e13\u95e8\u4e3a\u56fe\u5f62\u5316\u663e\u793a\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u4e00\u5957\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u63a5\u53e3\u3002<\/p>\n

2.\u57fa\u672c\u64cd\u4f5c<\/h2>\n

（1）\u64cd\u4f5c\u6b65\u9aa4<\/h3>\n

1. \u6253\u5f00\u663e\u793a\u8bbe\u5907(\/dev\/fb0)
\n2. \u83b7\u53d6\u663e\u793a\u8bbe\u5907\u76f8\u5173\u53c2\u6570（\u5206\u8fa8\u7387，\u50cf\u7d20\u683c\u5f0f）—\u300bioctl
\n3. \u5efa\u7acb\u663e\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u548c\u7528\u6237\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u6620\u5c04
\n4. \u5411\u6620\u5c04\u7684\u7528\u6237\u7a7a\u95f4\u5199\u5165RGB\u989c\u8272\u503c
\n5. \u89e3\u9664\u6620\u5c04\u5173\u7cfb
\n6. \u5173\u95ed\u663e\u793a\u8bbe\u5907<\/p>\n

（2）\u51fd\u6570\u63a5\u53e3<\/h3>\n

int init_fb(char *devname)
\n{
\n \/\/1. \u6253\u5f00\u663e\u793a\u8bbe\u5907(\/dev\/fb0)
\n fb = open(devname, O_RDWR);
\n if (-1 == fb)
\n {
\n perror("open fb error");
\n return -1;
\n }<\/p>\n

\/\/2. \u83b7\u53d6\u663e\u793a\u8bbe\u5907\u76f8\u5173\u53c2\u6570（\u5206\u8fa8\u7387，\u50cf\u7d20\u683c\u5f0f）<\/p>\n

int ret = ioctl(fb, FBIOGET_VSCREENINFO, &vinfo);
\n if (ret < 0)
\n {
\n perror("ioctl error");
\n return -1;
\n }<\/p>\n

printf("xres = %d, yres = %d\\\\n", vinfo.xres, vinfo.yres);
\n printf("xres_virtual = %d, yres_virtual = %d\\\\n", vinfo.xres_virtual, vinfo.yres_virtual);
\n printf("bits_per_pixel = %d\\\\n", vinfo.bits_per_pixel);<\/p>\n

\/\/3. \u5efa\u7acb\u663e\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u548c\u7528\u6237\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u6620\u5c04
\n size_t len = vinfo.xres_virtual * vinfo.yres_virtual * vinfo.bits_per_pixel\/8;
\n pmem = mmap(NULL, len, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED, fb, 0);
\n if (pmem == MAP_FAILED)
\n {
\n perror("mmap error");
\n return -1;
\n }<\/p>\n

return 0;
\n}<\/p>\n

void *mmap(void *addr, size_t length, int prot, int flags,int fd, off_t offset);
\n\u529f\u80fd：\u5efa\u7acb\u5185\u5b58\u6620\u5c04
\n\u53c2\u6570：
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 addr ：\u6620\u5c04\u7684\u7528\u6237\u7a7a\u95f4\u9996\u5730\u5740 \u00a0
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 NULL：\u8ba9\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u81ea\u5df1\u5206\u914d\u7528\u6237\u7a7a\u95f4
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 length：\u8981\u6620\u5c04\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u5927\u5c0f
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 prot： \u64cd\u4f5c\u6743\u9650
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0PROT_READ \u00a0Pages may be read.
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0PROT_WRITE Pages may be written
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0flag ： MAP_SHARED
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0fd：\u663e\u793a\u8bbe\u5907\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0offset：\u504f\u79fb\u91cf
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a00：\u4ece\u663e\u5b58\u5f00\u5934\u6620\u5c04
\n\u8fd4\u56de\u503c：
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u6210\u529f：\u6620\u5c04\u7684\u7528\u6237\u7a7a\u95f4\u9996\u5730\u5740
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u5931\u8d25：MAP_FAILED（（void *）-1）<\/p>\n

int uninit_fb()
\n{
\n \/\/5. \u89e3\u9664\u6620\u5c04\u5173\u7cfb
\n \/\/6. \u5173\u95ed\u663e\u793a\u8bbe\u5907
\n size_t len = vinfo.xres_virtual * vinfo.yres_virtual * vinfo.bits_per_pixel\/8;
\n munmap(pmem, len);
\n close(fb);<\/p>\n

}<\/p>\n

3.\u57fa\u672c\u7b97\u6cd5\u5b9e\u73b0<\/h2>\n

（1）\u753b\u4e00\u4e2a\u70b9<\/h3>\n

void draw_point(int x, int y, unsigned int col)
\n{
\n if (x >= vinfo.xres || y >= vinfo.yres)
\n {
\n return ;
\n }
\n if (vinfo.bits_per_pixel == RGB_FMT_888)
\n {
\n unsigned int *p = pmem;
\n *(p+vinfo.xres_virtual*y+x) = col;
\n }
\n else if (vinfo.bits_per_pixel == RGB_FMT_565)
\n {
\n unsigned short *p = pmem;
\n *(p+vinfo.xres_virtual*y+x) = col;
\n }
\n}<\/p>\n

\u7b97\u6cd5\u601d\u60f3：<\/p>\n

\u8fb9\u754c\u68c0\u67e5：\u9996\u5148\u68c0\u67e5\u5750\u6807 (x, y) \u662f\u5426\u5728\u5c4f\u5e55\u6709\u6548\u8303\u56f4\u5185（x < vinfo.xres \u4e14 y < vinfo.yres），\u82e5\u8d8a\u754c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

\u50cf\u7d20\u683c\u5f0f\u5904\u7406：<\/p>\n

\u82e5\u4e3a 32\u4f4dRGB888\u683c\u5f0f（RGB_FMT_888）：<\/p>\n

\u5c06\u663e\u5b58\u6307\u9488 pmem \u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a unsigned int* \u7c7b\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8ba1\u7b97\u76ee\u6807\u50cf\u7d20\u7684\u7ebf\u6027\u5730\u5740：pmem + vinfo.xres_virtual * y + x\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5c06\u989c\u8272\u503c col \u76f4\u63a5\u5199\u5165\u8be5\u5730\u5740\u3002<\/p>\n

\u82e5\u4e3a 16\u4f4dRGB565\u683c\u5f0f（RGB_FMT_565）：<\/p>\n

\u5c06\u663e\u5b58\u6307\u9488 pmem \u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a unsigned short* \u7c7b\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8ba1\u7b97\u76ee\u6807\u50cf\u7d20\u7684\u7ebf\u6027\u5730\u5740：pmem + vinfo.xres_virtual * y + x\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5c06\u989c\u8272\u503c col（\u9700\u786e\u4fdd\u662f16\u4f4d）\u5199\u5165\u8be5\u5730\u5740\u3002<\/p>\n

（2）\u753b\u4e00\u6761\u6a2a\u7ebf<\/h3>\n

void draw_x_line(int x, int y, int end, unsigned int col)
\n{
\n for(int i = 0; i < end; ++i)
\n {
\n draw_point((x + i), y, col);
\n }
\n}<\/p>\n

\u7b97\u6cd5\u601d\u60f3：<\/p>\n

\u6c34\u5e73\u7ebf\u7ed8\u5236：\u4ece\u8d77\u70b9 (x, y) \u5f00\u59cb，\u5411\u53f3\u8fde\u7eed\u7ed8\u5236 end \u4e2a\u50cf\u7d20\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

\u5faa\u73af\u63a7\u5236：<\/p>\n

\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u8ba1\u6570\u5668 i = 0\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5faa\u73af\u6761\u4ef6 i < end，\u6bcf\u6b21\u8fed\u4ee3\u8c03\u7528 draw_point(x + i, y, col) \u7ed8\u5236\u4e00\u4e2a\u50cf\u7d20\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5faa\u73af\u7ed3\u675f\u540e，\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u6761\u4ece (x, y) \u5230 (x + end – 1, y) \u7684\u6c34\u5e73\u7ebf\u6bb5\u3002<\/p>\n

（3）\u753b\u4e00\u6761\u7ad6\u7ebf<\/h3>\n

void draw_y_line(int x, int y, int end, unsigned int col)
\n{
\n for(int i = 0; i < end; ++i)
\n {
\n draw_point(x, (y + i), col);
\n }
\n}<\/p>\n

\u7b97\u6cd5\u601d\u60f3：<\/p>\n

\u5782\u76f4\u7ebf\u7ed8\u5236：\u4ece\u8d77\u70b9 (x, y) \u5f00\u59cb，\u5411\u4e0b\u8fde\u7eed\u7ed8\u5236 end \u4e2a\u50cf\u7d20\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

\u5faa\u73af\u63a7\u5236：<\/p>\n

\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u8ba1\u6570\u5668 i = 0\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5faa\u73af\u6761\u4ef6 i < end，\u6bcf\u6b21\u8fed\u4ee3\u8c03\u7528 draw_point(x, y + i, col) \u7ed8\u5236\u4e00\u4e2a\u50cf\u7d20\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5faa\u73af\u7ed3\u675f\u540e，\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u6761\u4ece (x, y) \u5230 (x, y + end – 1) \u7684\u5782\u76f4\u7ebf\u6bb5\u3002<\/p>\n

（4）\u753b\u4e00\u4e2a\u77e9\u5f62<\/h3>\n

void draw_rect(int x, int y, int weight, int high, unsigned int col)
\n{
\n draw_x_line(x, y, weight, col);
\n draw_x_line(x, (y + high), weight, col);
\n draw_y_line(x, y, high, col);
\n draw_y_line((x + weight), y, high, col);
\n}<\/p>\n

\u7b97\u6cd5\u601d\u60f3：<\/p>\n

\u77e9\u5f62\u8fb9\u6846\u7ed8\u5236：\u901a\u8fc7\u7ec4\u5408\u56db\u6761\u8fb9\u5b8c\u6210\u77e9\u5f62\u7ed8\u5236：<\/p>\n

\u4e0a\u8fb9：\u8c03\u7528 draw_x_line(x, y, weight, col)\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e0b\u8fb9：\u8c03\u7528 draw_x_line(x, y + high, weight, col)\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5de6\u8fb9：\u8c03\u7528 draw_y_line(x, y, high, col)\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53f3\u8fb9：\u8c03\u7528 draw_y_line(x + weight, y, high, col)\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

\u6ce8\u610f：<\/p>\n

\u6b64\u51fd\u6570\u4ec5\u7ed8\u5236\u77e9\u5f62\u8fb9\u6846，\u4e0d\u586b\u5145\u5185\u90e8\u3002<\/p>\n

（5）\u753b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5706<\/h3>\n

void draw_Circle(int x, int y, int r, unsigned int col)
\n{
\n int x0 = 0;
\n int y0 = 0;
\n int si = 0;<\/p>\n

for (si = 0; si <= 360; si++)
\n {
\n x0 = r * sin(PI * 2 \/ 360 * si) + x;
\n y0 = r * cos(PI * 2 \/ 360 * si) + y;<\/p>\n

draw_point(x0, y0, col);
\n }
\n}<\/p>\n

\u7b97\u6cd5\u601d\u60f3：<\/p>\n

\u53c2\u6570\u5316\u5706\u7ed8\u5236：<\/p>\n

\u904d\u5386\u89d2\u5ea6 si \u4ece 0\u00b0 \u5230 360\u00b0，\u6b65\u957f\u4e3a 1\u00b0\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5bf9\u6bcf\u4e2a\u89d2\u5ea6 si：<\/p>\n

\u8ba1\u7b97\u5706\u4e0a\u70b9\u7684\u5750\u6807：<\/p>\n

x0 = r * sin(\u03b8) + x（\u03b8 = PI * 2 \/ 360 * si \u5f27\u5ea6）\u3002<\/p>\n

y0 = r * cos(\u03b8) + y\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8c03\u7528 draw_point(x0, y0, col) \u7ed8\u5236\u5355\u4e2a\u50cf\u7d20\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

\u6548\u679c：<\/p>\n

\u901a\u8fc7\u79bb\u6563\u70b9\u8fd1\u4f3c\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u5706\u5f62，\u7cbe\u5ea6\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u89d2\u5ea6\u6b65\u957f\u3002<\/p>\n

（6）\u753b\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fe<\/h3>\n

int get_bmp_head_info(const char *bmpname, Bmp_file_head_t *pheadinfo, Bmp_info_t *pbmpinfo)
\n{
\nFILE *fp = fopen(bmpname, "r");
\nif (NULL == fp)
\n{
\nperror("fopen error");
\nreturn -1;
\n}<\/p>\n

fread(pheadinfo, sizeof(Bmp_file_head_t), 1, fp);
\nfread(pbmpinfo, sizeof(Bmp_info_t), 1, fp);<\/p>\n

fclose(fp);<\/p>\n

return 0;
\n}<\/p>\n

void draw_bmp(int x, int y, char *bmpname)
\n{
\n Bmp_file_head_t headinfo;
\nBmp_info_t bmpinfo;<\/p>\n

get_bmp_head_info(bmpname, &headinfo, &bmpinfo);<\/p>\n

int fd = open(bmpname, O_RDONLY);
\n if (-1 == fd)
\n {
\n perror("open bmp error");
\n return ;
\n }
\n lseek(fd, 54, SEEK_SET);
\n unsigned char *buff = malloc(bmpinfo.biHeight*bmpinfo.biWidth*bmpinfo.biBitCount\/8);
\n read(fd, buff, bmpinfo.biHeight*bmpinfo.biWidth*bmpinfo.biBitCount\/8);
\n close(fd);<\/p>\n

unsigned char *p = buff;
\n unsigned char r, g, b;<\/p>\n

for (int j = bmpinfo.biHeight-1; j >= 0; j–)
\n {
\n for (int i = 0; i < bmpinfo.biWidth; i++)
\n {
\n b = *p;++p;
\n g = *p;++p;
\n r = *p;++p;
\n if (vinfo.bits_per_pixel == RGB_FMT_888)
\n {
\n unsigned int col = (r << 16) | (g << 8) | (b << 0);
\n draw_point(i+x, j+y, col);
\n }
\n else if (vinfo.bits_per_pixel == RGB_FMT_565)
\n {
\n unsigned short col = ((r >> 3) << 11) | ((g >> 2) << 5) | (b >> 3);
\n draw_point(i+x, j+y, col);
\n }
\n }<\/p>\n

}<\/p>\n

free(buff);<\/p>\n

}<\/p>\n

get_bmp_head_info(const char *bmpname, Bmp_file_head_t *pheadinfo, Bmp_info_t *pbmpinfo)<\/p>\n

\u7b97\u6cd5\u601d\u60f3：<\/p>\n

\u6587\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c：<\/p>\n

\u4ee5\u53ea\u8bfb\u6a21\u5f0f\u6253\u5f00BMP\u6587\u4ef6，\u5931\u8d25\u65f6\u8fd4\u56de\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

\u5934\u4fe1\u606f\u8bfb\u53d6：<\/p>\n

\u4f7f\u7528 fread \u8bfb\u53d6BMP\u6587\u4ef6\u5934（Bmp_file_head_t）\u5230 pheadinfo\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7ee7\u7eed\u8bfb\u53d6BMP\u4fe1\u606f\u5934（Bmp_info_t）\u5230 pbmpinfo\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8d44\u6e90\u91ca\u653e：\u5173\u95ed\u6587\u4ef6\u53e5\u67c4，\u8fd4\u56de\u6210\u529f\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

draw_bmp(int x, int y, char *bmpname)<\/p>\n

\u7b97\u6cd5\u601d\u60f3：<\/p>\n

\u5934\u4fe1\u606f\u89e3\u6790：\u8c03\u7528 get_bmp_head_info \u83b7\u53d6BMP\u7684\u5bbd\u3001\u9ad8\u3001\u4f4d\u6df1\u7b49\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u50cf\u7d20\u6570\u636e\u52a0\u8f7d：<\/p>\n

\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\u5e76\u8df3\u8fc754\u5b57\u8282\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5934\u548c\u4fe1\u606f\u5934\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6839\u636eBMP\u4fe1\u606f\u5934\u4e2d\u7684\u56fe\u50cf\u5c3a\u5bf8\u548c\u4f4d\u6df1（\u5982 biWidth \u00d7 biHeight \u00d7 biBitCount\/8），\u5206\u914d\u7f13\u51b2\u533a buff \u5e76\u8bfb\u53d6\u50cf\u7d20\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

\u50cf\u7d20\u7ed8\u5236：<\/p>\n

BMP\u50cf\u7d20\u987a\u5e8f：BMP\u6587\u4ef6\u5b58\u50a8\u987a\u5e8f\u4e3a\u4ece\u4e0b\u5230\u4e0a，\u9700\u53cd\u5411\u904d\u5386\u884c（j \u4ece biHeight-1 \u5230 0）\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

\u989c\u8272\u8f6c\u6362：<\/p>\n

\u5bf9\u4e8e RGB888\u683c\u5f0f\u5c4f\u5e55：\u5c06BGR\u50cf\u7d20\u6570\u636e（BMP\u683c\u5f0f）\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3aRGB888，\u5408\u5e76\u4e3a unsigned int \u540e\u8c03\u7528 draw_point\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5bf9\u4e8e RGB565\u683c\u5f0f\u5c4f\u5e55：\u5c06RGB\u5206\u91cf\u538b\u7f29\u4e3a5-6-5\u4f4d，\u5408\u5e76\u4e3a unsigned short\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7ed8\u5236\u6bcf\u4e2a\u50cf\u7d20\u5230\u5c4f\u5e55\u5750\u6807 (x + i, y + j)\u3002<\/p>\n

（7）\u5728\u56fe\u4e2d\u52a0\u5165\u5b57（\u4f7f\u7528\u5b57\u6a21）<\/h3>\n

void draw_word(int x, int y, unsigned char *pword, int w, int h, unsigned int col)
\n{
\n for (int j = 0; j < h; j++)
\n {
\n for (int i = 0; i < w; i++)
\n {
\n unsigned char tmp = pword[i+j*w];
\n for (int k = 0; k < 8; k++)
\n {
\n if (tmp & 0x80)
\n {
\n draw_point(x+i*8+k, y+j, col);
\n }
\n else
\n {<\/p>\n

}
\n tmp = tmp << 1;
\n }
\n }<\/p>\n

}
\n}<\/p>\n

\u7b97\u6cd5\u601d\u60f3：<\/p>\n

\u5b57\u6a21\u6570\u636e\u89e3\u6790：<\/p>\n

\u5b57\u6a21\u6570\u636e pword \u4e3a w \u00d7 h \u7684\u5b57\u8282\u6570\u7ec4，\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u8868\u793a8\u4e2a\u6c34\u5e73\u50cf\u7d20\u70b9（1\u4f4d1\u50cf\u7d20）\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

\u9010\u884c\u9010\u50cf\u7d20\u7ed8\u5236：<\/p>\n

\u5916\u5c42\u5faa\u73af\u904d\u5386\u884c（j \u4ece 0 \u5230 h-1）\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5185\u5c42\u5faa\u73af\u904d\u5386\u5217（i \u4ece 0 \u5230 w-1）：<\/p>\n

\u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u5b57\u8282 tmp = pword[i + j * w]\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5bf9\u5b57\u8282\u76848\u4e2a\u4f4d（\u4ece\u9ad8\u4f4d\u5230\u4f4e\u4f4d）：<\/p>\n

\u82e5\u67d0\u4f4d\u4e3a 1，\u8c03\u7528 draw_point(x + i*8 + k, y + j, col) \u7ed8\u5236\u50cf\u7d20\u3002<\/p>\n

\u82e5\u4e3a 0，\u8df3\u8fc7（\u900f\u660e\u6216\u80cc\u666f）\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

\u6548\u679c：<\/p>\n

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