{"id":57078,"date":"2025-08-15T07:29:57","date_gmt":"2025-08-14T23:29:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/57078.html"},"modified":"2025-08-15T07:29:57","modified_gmt":"2025-08-14T23:29:57","slug":"%e4%bc%81%e4%b8%9a%e7%ba%a7web%e5%ba%94%e7%94%a8%e6%9c%8d%e5%8a%a1%e5%99%a8tomcat-7","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/57078.html","title":{"rendered":"\u4f01\u4e1a\u7ea7WEB\u5e94\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u5668TOMCAT"},"content":{"rendered":"

Tomcat\u4ecb\u7ecd<\/h2>\n

Tomcat \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u514d\u8d39\u7684\u5f00\u653e\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u7684<\/span>Web <\/span>\u5e94\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u5668，\u5c5e\u4e8e\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7\u5e94\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u5668，\u5728\u4e2d\u5c0f\u578b\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u5e76\u53d1\u8bbf\u95ee\u7528\u6237\u4e0d\u662f\u5f88\u591a\u7684\u573a\u5408\u4e0b\u88ab\u666e\u904d\u4f7f\u7528，Tomcat <\/span>\u5177\u6709\u5904\u7406<\/span>HTML<\/span>\u9875\u9762\u7684\u529f\u80fd，\u5b83\u8fd8\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a<\/span>Servlet<\/span>\u548cJSP\u5bb9\u5668<\/span><\/p>\n

\u8d77\u59cb\u4e8eSUN \u516c\u53f8\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a<\/span>Servlet<\/span>\u7684\u53c2\u8003\u5b9e\u73b0\u9879\u76ee<\/span> Java Web Server<\/span>，\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u662f<\/span> James Duncan Davidson<\/span>，<\/span><\/p>\n

\u57281999<\/span>\u5e74，\u5c06\u9879\u76ee\u8d21\u732e\u7ed9\u4e86<\/span>apache<\/span>\u8f6f\u4ef6\u57fa\u91d1\u4f1a（<\/span>ASF<\/span>），\u548c<\/span>ASF<\/span>\u73b0\u6709\u7684\u9879\u76ee<\/span> JServ <\/span>\u5408\u5e76，\u5e76\u5f00\u6e90\u6210\u4e3a\u9876\u7ea7\u9879\u76ee <\/span><\/p>\n

Tomcat <\/span>\u4ec5\u4ec5\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86<\/span>Java EE<\/span>\u89c4\u8303\u4e2d\u4e0e<\/span>Servlet<\/span>\u3001<\/span>JSP<\/span>\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u7c7b\u5e93，\u662f<\/span>JavaEE<\/span>\u4e0d\u5b8c\u6574\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002 <\/span><\/p>\n

1999<\/span>\u5e74\u53d1\u5e03\u521d\u59cb\u7248\u672c\u662f<\/span>Tomcat 3.0<\/span>，\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86<\/span>Servlet 2.2 <\/span>\u548c<\/span> JSP 1.1<\/span>\u89c4\u8303\u3002 <\/span><\/p>\n

Tomcat 4.x<\/span>\u53d1\u5e03\u65f6，\u5185\u5efa\u4e86<\/span>Catalina<\/span>（<\/span>Servlet<\/span>\u5bb9\u5668）\u548c<\/span> Jasper<\/span>（<\/span>JSP engine<\/span>）\u7b49 <\/span><\/p>\n

\u5f53\u524d<\/span> Tomcat <\/span>\u7684\u6b63\u5f0f\u7248\u672c\u5df2\u7ecf\u66f4\u65b0\u5230<\/span> 9.0.x <\/span>\u7248\u672c，\u4f46\u5f53\u524d\u4f01\u4e1a\u4e2d\u4e3b\u6d41\u7248\u672c\u4e3a<\/span> 8.x <\/span>\u548c 7.x<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5b98\u7f51:<\/span>http:\/\/tomcat.apache.org\/<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5b98\u7f51\u6587\u6863: <\/span>https:\/\/tomcat.apache.org\/tomcat-8.5-doc\/index.html<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5e2e\u52a9\u6587\u6863:<\/span>https:\/\/cwiki.apache.org\/confluence\/display\/tomcat\/ <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0https:\/\/cwiki.apache.org\/confluence\/display\/tomcat\/FAQ<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5b89\u88c5tomcat<\/h4>\n

\u5b89\u88c5Java\u73af\u5883<\/h5>\n

[root@tomcata ~]# dnf install java-1.8.0-openjdk.x86_64 -y<\/p>\n

\u67e5\u770bJava\u7248\u672c：<\/p>\n

[root@tomcata ~]# java -version
\nopenjdk version "1.8.0_462"
\nOpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_462-b08)
\nOpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.462-b08, mixed mode)<\/p>\n

\u67e5\u770bjava\u73af\u5883\u76ee\u5f55：<\/p>\n

[root@tomcata ~]# which java
\n\/usr\/bin\/java
\n[root@tomcata ~]# ll \/usr\/bin\/java
\nlrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 22 8\u6708 11 21:12 \/usr\/bin\/java -> \/etc\/alternatives\/j
\nava<\/p>\n

Java\u8fd0\u884c\u73af\u5883：<\/p>\n

[root@tomcata ~]# cd \/etc\/alternatives\/jre
\n[root@tomcata jre]# ls
\nASSEMBLY_EXCEPTION bin lib LICENSE THIRD_PARTY_README<\/p>\n

\u5b89\u88c5\u5e76\u542f\u52a8tomcat<\/h5>\n

\u89e3\u538b\u5e76\u751f\u6210tomcat\u7a0b\u5e8f\u76ee\u5f55：<\/p>\n

[root@tomcata ~]# tar zxf apache-tomcat-9.0.107.tar.gz -C \/usr\/local\/
\n[root@tomcata ~]# cd \/usr\/local\/
\n[root@tomcata local]# ls
\napache-tomcat-9.0.107 etc include lib64 sbin src
\nbin games lib libexec share
\n[root@tomcata local]# mv apache-tomcat-9.0.107\/ tomcat
\n[root@tomcata local]# ls
\nbin etc games include lib lib64 libexec sbin share src tomcat
\n[root@tomcata local]#<\/p>\n

\u7528\u7f51\u7edc\u590d\u5236\u5230\u7b2c\u4e8c\u53f0\u4e0a<\/p>\n

[root@tomcata local]# cd tomcat\/
\n[root@tomcata tomcat]# cd bin\/
\n[root@tomcata bin]# .\/startup.sh<\/p>\n

\u542f\u52a8tomcat：<\/p>\n

[root@tomcata local]# cd tomcat\/
\n[root@tomcata tomcat]# cd bin\/
\n[root@tomcata bin]# .\/startup.sh<\/p>\n

tomcat\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u7ec4\u6210<\/p>\n

\u76ee\u5f55\u7ed3\u6784<\/p>\n

\u76ee\u5f55 \u8bf4\u660e
\n——————————————————-
\nbin \u670d\u52a1\u542f\u52a8\u3001\u505c\u6b62\u7b49\u76f8\u5173\u7a0b\u5e8f\u548c\u6587\u4ef6
\nconf \u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6
\nlib \u5e93\u76ee\u5f55
\nlogs \u65e5\u5fd7\u76ee\u5f55
\nwebapps \u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f，\u5e94\u7528\u90e8\u7f72\u76ee\u5f55，\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8enginx\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u53d1\u5e03\u76ee\u5f55
\nwork jsp \u7f16\u8bd1\u540e\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u6587\u4ef6，\u5efa\u8bae\u63d0\u524d\u9884\u70ed\u8bbf\u95ee<\/p>\n

\u67e5\u770b\u7aef\u53e3<\/h5>\n

[root@tomcata ~]# netstat -antlupe | grep java
\ntcp6 0 0 :::8080 :::* LISTEN
\n0 61384 30180\/java
\ntcp6 0 0 127.0.0.1:8005 :::* LISTEN
\n0 62627 30180\/java<\/p>\n

<\/h5>\n
\u8bbf\u95eetomcat<\/h5>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u751f\u6210tomcat\u542f\u52a8\u6587\u4ef6<\/h4>\n

\u751f\u6210\u4e3b\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6：<\/p>\n

[root@tomcata ~]# vim \/usr\/local\/tomcat\/conf\/tomcat.conf<\/p>\n

JAVA_HOME=\/etc\/alternatives\/jre
\n~<\/p>\n

\u751f\u6210\u542f\u52a8\u6587\u4ef6：<\/p>\n

[root@tomcata ~]# vim \/lib\/systemd\/system\/tomcat.service<\/p>\n

[Unit]
\nDescription=Tomcat
\n#After=syslog.target network.target remote-fs.target nss-lookup.target
\nAfter=syslog.target network.target<\/p>\n

[Service]
\nType=forking
\nEnvironmentFile=\/usr\/local\/tomcat\/conf\/tomcat.conf
\nExecStart=\/usr\/local\/tomcat\/bin\/startup.sh
\nExecStop=\/usr\/local\/tomcat\/bin\/shutdown.sh
\nPrivateTmp=true
\nUser=tomcat
\nGroup=tomcat<\/p>\n

[Install]
\nWantedBy=multi-user.target<\/p>\n

[Unit]
\nDescription=Tomcat
\n#After=syslog.target network.target remote-fs.target nss-lookup.target
\nAfter=syslog.target network.target<\/p>\n

[Service]
\nType=forking
\nEnvironmentFile=\/usr\/local\/tomcat\/conf\/tomcat.conf
\nExecStart=\/usr\/local\/tomcat\/bin\/startup.sh
\nExecStop=\/usr\/local\/tomcat\/bin\/shutdown.sh
\nPrivateTmp=true
\nUser=tomcat
\nGroup=tomcat<\/p>\n

[Install]
\nWantedBy=multi-user.target<\/p>\n

\u751f\u6210tomcat\u7528\u6237\u5e76\u8bbe\u5b9a\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5b89\u88c5\u76ee\u5f55\u6743\u9650：<\/p>\n

[root@tomcatb ~]# useradd -s \/sbin\/nologin -M tomcat
\n[root@tomcatb ~]# chown tomcat.tomcat \/usr\/local\/tomcat\/ -R<\/p>\n

\u7528\u542f\u52a8\u811a\u672c\u5f00\u542f\u670d\u52a1：<\/p>\n

[root@tomcat-]# systemctl enable –now tomcat<\/p>\n

[root@tomcatb ~]# systemctl start tomcat<\/p>\n

\u5b9e\u73b0tomcat\u4e2d\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861<\/h3>\n

\u524d\u7aef\u4e3b\u673a\u914d\u7f6enginx：<\/p>\n

[root@nginx ~]# systemctl enable –now nginx.service<\/p>\n

vim \/etc\/nginx\/conf.d\/vhosts.conf<\/p>\n

upstream tomcat {
\nhash $$cookie_JSESSIONID;
\nserver 192.168.88.12:8080;
\nserver 192.168.88.13:8080;
\n}
\nserver{
\nlisten 80;
\nserver_name www.zk.org;
\nlocation ~\\\\.jsp$ {
\nproxy_pass http:\/\/tomcat;
\n}
\n}<\/p>\n

Memcached
\nMemcached \u53ea\u652f\u6301\u80fd\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b，\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u6301\u4e45\u5316，\u57fa\u4e8eKey-Value\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u7f13\u5b58\u7cfb\u7edfmemcached \u867d\u7136\u6ca1\u6709\u50cfredis\u6240\u5177\u5907\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6301\u4e45\u5316\u529f\u80fd，\u6bd4\u5982RDB\u548cAOF\u90fd\u6ca1\u6709，\u4f46\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u505a\u96c6\u7fa4\u540c\u6b65\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f， \u8ba9\u5404memcached\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u540c\u6b65，\u4ece\u800c\u5b9e\u73b0\u6570\u636e\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u6027，\u5373\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5404memcached\u7684\u6570\u636e\u662f\u4e00\u6837 \u7684，\u5373\u4f7f\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u53f0 memcached \u53d1\u751f\u6545\u969c，\u53ea\u8981\u96c6\u7fa4\u4e2d\u6709\u4e00\u53f0 memcached \u53ef\u7528\u5c31\u4e0d\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u6570\u636e\u4e22 \u5931，\u5f53\u5176\u4ed6memcached \u91cd\u65b0\u52a0\u5165\u5230\u96c6\u7fa4\u7684\u65f6\u5019,\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u52a8\u4ece\u6709\u6570\u636e\u7684memcached \u5f53\u4e2d\u81ea\u52a8\u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u5e76 \u63d0\u4f9b\u670d\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n

memcached\u7684\u5b89\u88c5\u4e0e\u542f\u52a8<\/h4>\n

[root@tomcat8 ~]# dnf install memcached -y<\/p>\n

[root@tomcatA ~]# vim \/etc\/sysconfig\/memcached<\/p>\n

PORT="11211"
\nUSER="memcached"
\nMAXCONN="1024"
\nCACHESIZE="64"
\nOPTIONS="-1 0.0.0.1,:1"<\/p>\n

[root@tomcata ~]# systemctl enable –now memcached
\nCreated symlink
\n\/etc\/systemd\/system\/multi-user.target.wants\/memcached.service
\n\u2192 \/usr\/lib\/systemd\/system\/memcached.service.
\n[root@tomcata ~]# netstat -antlupe | grep memcache<\/p>\n

memcached \u64cd\u4f5c\u547d\u4ee4<\/h5>\n

\u4e94\u79cd\u57fa\u672c memcached \u547d\u4ee4\u6267\u884c\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u547d\u4ee4\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u5305\u62ec：<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0set\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0add\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0replace\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0get\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 delete<\/p>\n

#\u524d\u4e09\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u7528\u4e8e\u64cd\u4f5c\u5b58\u50a8\u5728 memcached \u4e2d\u7684\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u4fee\u6539\u547d\u4ee4,\u90fd\u4f7f\u7528\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5：
\ncommand <key> <flags> <expiration time> <bytes>
\n<value><\/p>\n

#\u53c2\u6570\u8bf4\u660e\u5982\u4e0b：
\ncommand set\/add\/replace
\nkey key \u7528\u4e8e\u67e5\u627e\u7f13\u5b58\u503c
\nflags \u53ef\u4ee5\u5305\u62ec\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u7684\u6574\u578b\u53c2\u6570，\u5ba2\u6237\u673a\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u5b58\u50a8\u5173\u4e8e\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u7684\u989d\u5916\u4fe1\u606f
\nexpiration time \u5728\u7f13\u5b58\u4e2d\u4fdd\u5b58\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u957f\u5ea6（\u4ee5\u79d2\u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d，0 \u8868\u793a\u6c38\u8fdc）
\nbytes \u5728\u7f13\u5b58\u4e2d\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u6570
\nvalue \u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u503c（\u59cb\u7ec8\u4f4d\u4e8e\u7b2c\u4e8c\u884c）<\/p>\n

#\u589e\u52a0key，\u8fc7\u671f\u65f6\u95f4\u4e3a\u79d2，bytes\u4e3a\u5b58\u50a8\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u6570
\nadd key flags exptime bytes<\/p>\n

[root@tomcatb ~]# dnf install telnet -y<\/p>\n

[root@tomcat ~]# telnet localhost 11211
\nTrying ::1…
\nConnected to localhost.
\nEscape character is '^]'.
\n#\u589e\u52a0
\nadd leekey 0 60 4 #0 \u662f\u5426\u538b\u7f29 60 \u8fc7\u671f\u65f6\u95f4 4 \u5b57\u957f
\ntest
\nSTORED<\/p>\n

add leekey1 0 60 3
\nlee
\nSTORED<\/p>\n

#\u67e5\u770b
\nget leekey
\nVALUE leekey 0 4
\ntest<\/p>\n

get leekey1
\nVALUE leekey1 0 3
\nlee<\/p>\n

#\u6539
\nset leekey 0 60 5
\ntest1
\nSTORED
\nget leekey
\nVALUE leekey 0 5
\ntest1
\nEND
\nadd leekey1 0 60 4
\ntest<\/p>\n

#\u5220\u9664
\ndelete leekey
\nDELETED
\nget leekey
\nEND
\nget leekey1
\nVALUE leekey1 0 3
\nlee<\/p>\n

#\u6e05\u7a7a
\nflush_all
\nOK
\nget leekey1
\nEND<\/p>\n

\u793a\u4f8bsession \u5171\u4eab\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/h3>\n

msm（memcached session manager）\u63d0\u4f9b\u5c06Tomcat\u7684session\u4fdd\u6301\u5230memcached\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u9ad8\u53ef\u7528\u3002 \u9879\u76ee\u65e9\u671f\u6258\u7ba1\u5728google code,\u76ee\u524d\u5728Github github\u7f51\u7ad9\u94fe\u63a5: https:\/\/github.com\/magro\/memcached-session-manager<\/p>\n

\u5b89\u88c5<\/p>\n

\u53c2\u8003\u94fe\u63a5: https:\/\/github.com\/magro\/memcached-session-manager\/wiki\/SetupAndConfiguration<\/p>\n

\u5c06spymemcached.jar\u3001memcached-session-manage\u3001kyro\u76f8\u5173\u7684jar\u6587\u4ef6\u90fd\u653e\u5230Tomcat\u7684lib\u76ee\u5f55 \u4e2d，\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u662f $CATALINA_HOME\/lib\/ ，\u5bf9\u5e94\u672c\u6b21\u5b89\u88c5\u5c31\u662f\/usr\/local\/tomcat\/lib\/\u3002<\/p>\n

\/usr\/local\/tomcat\/lib\/\u4e2d\u52a0\u5165\u8fd9\u4e9b👇<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

t1\u548cm1\u90e8\u7f72\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e00\u53f0\u4e3b\u673a\u4e0a，t2\u548cm2\u90e8\u7f72\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u53f0\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5f53\u65b0\u7528\u6237\u53d1\u8bf7\u6c42\u5230Tomcat1\u65f6, Tomcat1\u751f\u6210session\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed9\u7528\u6237\u7684\u540c\u65f6,\u4e5f\u4f1a\u540c\u65f6\u53d1\u7ed9memcached2\u5907\u4efd\u3002\u5373Tomcat1 session\u4e3a\u4e3bsession，memcached2 session\u4e3a\u5907\u7528session，\u4f7f\u7528memcached\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e \u5907\u4efd\u4e86\u4e00\u4efdSession<\/p>\n

\u5982\u679cTomcat1\u53d1\u73b0memcached2 \u5931\u8d25,\u65e0\u6cd5\u5907\u4efdSession\u5230memcached2,\u5219\u5c06Sessoin\u5907\u4efd\u5b58\u653e\u5728 memcached1\u4e2d<\/p>\n

\u4e24\u540e\u7aef\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u914d\u7f6e：<\/p>\n

[root@tomcata ~]# vim \/usr\/local\/tomcat\/conf\/context.xml<\/p>\n

limitations under the License.
\n–>
\n<!– The contents of this file will be loaded for each web application –>
\n<Context>
\n<!– Default set of monitored resources. If one of these changes, the
\n–>
\n–>
\n<!– web application will be reloaded.
\n<WatchedResource>WEB-INF\/web.xml<\/WatchedResource>
\n<WatchedResource>WEB-INF\/tomcat-web.xml<\/WatchedResource>
\n<WatchedResource>$${catalina.base}\/conf\/web.xml<\/WatchedResource>
\n<!– Uncomment this to disable session persistence across Tomcat restarts
\n->
\n<!–
\n<Manager pathname="" \/>
\n–>
\n<Manager className="de.javakaffee.web.msm.MemcachedBackupSessionManager
\nmemcachedNodes="n1:172.25.254.10:11211,n2:172.25.254.20:11211"
\nfailoverNodes="n1"
\nrequestUriIgnorePattern=".*\\\\.(ico|png|gif|jpg|css|js)$$"
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[root@tomcata ~]# dnf install memcached -y<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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