{"id":56962,"date":"2025-08-15T02:04:30","date_gmt":"2025-08-14T18:04:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/56962.html"},"modified":"2025-08-15T02:04:30","modified_gmt":"2025-08-14T18:04:30","slug":"linux%e5%85%a5%e9%97%a8day24","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/56962.html","title":{"rendered":"Linux\u5165\u95e8DAY24"},"content":{"rendered":"

Linux\u5165\u95e8DAY24<\/h2>\n

Ansible<\/h2>\n

\u5b9e\u65bd\u4efb\u52a1\u63a7\u5236<\/h3>\n

\u5b9e\u9a8c\u73af\u5883<\/h4>\n

[<\/span>phoenix@controller ~ 10<\/span>:55:24]<\/span>$ cat<\/span> ansible.cfg
\n[<\/span>defaults]<\/span>
\nremote_user =<\/span> phoenix
\ninventory =<\/span> .\/inventory<\/p>\n

[<\/span>privilege_escalation]<\/span>
\nbecome =<\/span> True
\nbecome_user =<\/span> root
\nbecome_method =<\/span> sudo<\/span>
\nbecome_ask_pass =<\/span> False<\/p>\n

[<\/span>phoenix@controller ~ 10<\/span>:55:06]<\/span>$ cat<\/span> inventory
\ncontroller<\/p>\n

node1
\nnode2
\nnode3
\nnode4<\/p>\n

\u7f16\u5199\u5faa\u73af\u4efb\u52a1<\/h4>\n

\u7b80\u5355\u5faa\u73af<\/h5>\n

#\u51c6\u5907\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6587\u4ef6<\/span>
\n[<\/span>phoenix@controller ~ 10<\/span>:32:35]<\/span>$ vim<\/span> deploy_web1.yml<\/p>\n

#playbook<\/span>
\n—
\n– name: Enable intranet services
\n hosts: node1
\n tasks:
\n – name: latest version of httpd and firewalld installed
\n yum:
\n name:
\n – httpd
\n – firewalld
\n state: latest<\/p>\n

– name: test<\/span> html page is installed<\/p>\n

copy:
\n content: "Welcome tp {{ansible_hostname}} WebSite!\\\\n<\/span>"<\/span>
\n dest: \/var\/www\/html\/index.html<\/p>\n

– name: firewalld enabled and running
\n service:
\n name: "{{ item }}"<\/span>
\n enabled: true<\/span>
\n state: started
\n loop:
\n – httpd
\n – firewalld <\/p>\n

– name: firewalld permits access to httpd service<\/span>
\n firewalld:
\n service: http
\n permanent: true<\/span>
\n state: enabled
\n immediate: yes<\/span><\/p>\n

– name: httpd enabled and running
\n service:
\n name: httpd
\n enabled: true<\/span>
\n state: started<\/p>\n

– name: Test intranet web server
\n hosts: localhost
\n become: no
\n tasks:
\n – name: connect to intranet web server
\n uri:
\n url: http:\/\/node1
\n return_content: yes<\/span>
\n status_code: 200<\/span><\/p>\n

..<\/span>.<\/p>\n

[<\/span>phoenix@controller ~ 10<\/span>:39:22]<\/span>$ ansible-playbook deploy_web1.yml <\/p>\n

PLAY [<\/span>Enable intranet services]<\/span> ***************************************************************************<\/p>\n

TASK [<\/span>Gathering Facts]<\/span> ************************************************************************************
\nok: [<\/span>node1]<\/span><\/p>\n

TASK [<\/span>latest version of httpd and firewalld installed]<\/span> ****************************************************
\nok: [<\/span>node1]<\/span><\/p>\n

TASK [<\/span>test html page is installed]<\/span> ************************************************************************
\nchanged: [<\/span>node1]<\/span><\/p>\n

TASK [<\/span>firewalld enabled and running]<\/span> **********************************************************************
\nok: [<\/span>node1]<\/span> =<\/span>><\/span> (<\/span>item=<\/span>httpd)<\/span>
\nok: [<\/span>node1]<\/span> =<\/span>><\/span> (<\/span>item=<\/span>firewalld)<\/span><\/p>\n

TASK [<\/span>firewalld permits access to httpd service]<\/span> **********************************************************
\nok: [<\/span>node1]<\/span><\/p>\n

TASK [<\/span>httpd enabled and running]<\/span> **************************************************************************
\nok: [<\/span>node1]<\/span><\/p>\n

PLAY [<\/span>Test intranet web server]<\/span> ***************************************************************************<\/p>\n

TASK [<\/span>Gathering Facts]<\/span> ************************************************************************************
\nok: [<\/span>localhost]<\/span><\/p>\n

TASK [<\/span>connect to intranet web server]<\/span> *********************************************************************
\nok: [<\/span>localhost]<\/span><\/p>\n

PLAY RECAP ************************************************************************************************
\nlocalhost :<\/span> ok<\/span>=<\/span>2<\/span> changed<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span> unreachable<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span> failed<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span> skipped<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span> rescued<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span> ignored<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span>
\nnode1 :<\/span> ok<\/span>=<\/span>6<\/span> changed<\/span>=<\/span>1<\/span> unreachable<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span> failed<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span> skipped<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span> rescued<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span> ignored<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span> <\/p>\n

#\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/span>
\n[<\/span>phoenix@controller ~ 10<\/span>:39:29]<\/span>$ curl<\/span> node1
\nWelcome tp node1 WebSite!<\/span>
\n[<\/span>phoenix@controller ~ 10<\/span>:39:39]<\/span>$ curl<\/span> node2
\nHello World From node2
\n[<\/span>phoenix@controller ~ 10<\/span>:39:44]<\/span>$ curl<\/span> node3
\nHello World From node3
\n[<\/span>phoenix@controller ~ 10<\/span>:39:46]<\/span>$ curl<\/span> node4
\nHello World From node4<\/p>\n

\u5faa\u73af\u6563\u5217<\/h5>\n

#loop\u7528\u6237<\/span>
\n[<\/span>phoenix@controller ~ 10<\/span>:51:39]<\/span>$ vim<\/span> deploy_web2.yml<\/p>\n

1<\/span> —
\n 2<\/span> – name: add<\/span> several users<\/span>
\n 3<\/span> hosts: node1
\n 4<\/span> gather_facts: no
\n 5<\/span> vars:
\n 6<\/span> users:
\n 7<\/span> – name: jane
\n 8<\/span> groups: wheel
\n 9<\/span> – name: joe
\n 10<\/span> groups: root
\n 11<\/span> tasks:
\n 12<\/span> – name: add<\/span> users<\/span>
\n 13<\/span> user:
\n 14<\/span> name: "{{ item.name }}"<\/span>
\n 15<\/span> state: present
\n 16<\/span> groups: "{{ item.groups }}"<\/span>
\n 17<\/span> loop: "{{ users }}"<\/span>
\n 18<\/span> ..<\/span>. <\/p>\n

[<\/span>phoenix@controller ~ 10<\/span>:52:21]<\/span>$ ansible-playbook deploy_web2.yml <\/p>\n

PLAY [<\/span>add several users]<\/span> **********************************************************************************<\/p>\n

TASK [<\/span>add users]<\/span> ******************************************************************************************
\nchanged: [<\/span>node1]<\/span> =<\/span>><\/span> (<\/span>item=<\/span>{<\/span>u'name'<\/span>:<\/span> u'jane'<\/span>, u'groups'<\/span>:<\/span> u'wheel'<\/span>}<\/span>)<\/span>
\nchanged: [<\/span>node1]<\/span> =<\/span>><\/span> (<\/span>item=<\/span>{<\/span>u'name'<\/span>:<\/span> u'joe'<\/span>, u'groups'<\/span>:<\/span> u'root'<\/span>}<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

PLAY RECAP ************************************************************************************************
\nnode1 :<\/span> ok<\/span>=<\/span>1<\/span> changed<\/span>=<\/span>1<\/span> unreachable<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span> failed<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span> skipped<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span> rescued<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span> ignored<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span> <\/p>\n

\u5faa\u73af\u5173\u952e\u5b57<\/h5>\n

with items<\/p>\n

– name: test<\/span> loop
\n hosts: node1
\n gather_facts: no
\n tasks:
\n – name: add<\/span> users<\/span>
\n user:
\n name: "{{ item }}"<\/span>
\n state: present
\n groups: "wheel"<\/span>
\n with_items:
\n – jane
\n – joe<\/p>\n

ping loop<\/p>\n

[<\/span>phoenix@controller ~ 11<\/span>:31:25]<\/span>$ vim<\/span> testnode2.yml
\n1<\/span> —
\n 2<\/span> – name: test<\/span> loop
\n 3<\/span> hosts: node1
\n 4<\/span> gather_facts: no
\n 5<\/span> tasks:
\n 6<\/span> – shell: ping<\/span> -c1<\/span> -w<\/span> 2<\/span> node2
\n 7<\/span> register: result
\n 8<\/span> until: result.rc ==<\/span> 0<\/span>
\n 9<\/span> retries: 20<\/span>
\n 10<\/span> delay: 1<\/span>
\n 11<\/span> ..<\/span>.<\/p>\n

[<\/span>phoenix@controller ~ 11<\/span>:31:14]<\/span>$ ansible-playbook testnode2.yml <\/p>\n

PLAY [<\/span>test loop]<\/span> ******************************************************************************************<\/p>\n

TASK [<\/span>shell]<\/span> **********************************************************************************************
\nchanged: [<\/span>node1]<\/span><\/p>\n

PLAY RECAP ************************************************************************************************
\nnode1 :<\/span> ok<\/span>=<\/span>1<\/span> changed<\/span>=<\/span>1<\/span> unreachable<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span> failed<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span> skipped<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span> rescued<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span> ignored<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span> <\/p>\n

[<\/span>phoenix@controller ~ 11<\/span>:31:18]<\/span>$ ansible-playbook testnode2.yml –ask-vault-pass
\nVault password: <\/p>\n

PLAY [<\/span>test loop]<\/span> ******************************************************************************************<\/p>\n

TASK [<\/span>shell]<\/span> **********************************************************************************************
\nchanged: [<\/span>node1]<\/span><\/p>\n

PLAY RECAP ************************************************************************************************
\nnode1 :<\/span> ok<\/span>=<\/span>1<\/span> changed<\/span>=<\/span>1<\/span> unreachable<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span> failed<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span> skipped<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span> rescued<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span> ignored<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span> <\/p>\n

\u7f16\u5199\u6761\u4ef6\u4efb\u52a1<\/h4>\n

when \u8bed\u53e5<\/h5>\n

[<\/span>phoenix@controller ~ 14<\/span>:06:25]<\/span>$ cat<\/span> test.yml
\n—
\n– name: test<\/span>
\n hosts: node1
\n gather_facts: no
\n vars:
\n username: devops
\n supergroup: wheel
\n tasks:
\n – name: gather user information
\n shell: id<\/span> {<\/span>{<\/span> username }<\/span>}<\/span>
\n register: result
\n – name: Task run if<\/span> user is in<\/span> supergroups
\n user:
\n name: "{{ username }}"<\/span>
\n groups: "{{ supergroup }}"<\/span>
\n append: yes<\/span>
\n when: supergroup not in<\/span> result.stdout
\n..<\/span>.<\/p>\n

#\u8fd0\u884c<\/span>
\n[<\/span>phoenix@controller ~ 13<\/span>:44:26]<\/span>$ ansible-playbook test.yml <\/p>\n

PLAY [<\/span>test]<\/span> ***********************************************************************************************<\/p>\n

TASK [<\/span>gather user information]<\/span> ****************************************************************************
\nchanged: [<\/span>node1]<\/span><\/p>\n

TASK [<\/span>Task run if<\/span> user is in<\/span> supergroups]<\/span> *****************************************************************
\nchanged: [<\/span>node1]<\/span><\/p>\n

PLAY RECAP ************************************************************************************************
\nnode1 :<\/span> ok<\/span>=<\/span>2<\/span> changed<\/span>=<\/span>2<\/span> unreachable<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span> failed<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span> skipped<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span> rescued<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span> ignored<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span> <\/p>\n

\u53d8\u91cf\u5224\u65ad<\/h5>\n

[<\/span>phoenix@controller ~ 14<\/span>:06:29]<\/span>$ cat<\/span> test1.yml
\n—
\n– name: test<\/span>
\n hosts: node1 node3
\n gather_facts: no
\n tasks:
\n – name: install<\/span> httpd
\n yum:
\n name: httpd
\n state: present
\n when: inventory_hostname in<\/span> groups.webs
\n – name: install<\/span> mariadb
\n yum:
\n name: mariadb
\n state: present
\n when: inventory_hostname in<\/span> groups.dbs
\n..<\/span>.<\/p>\n

#\u8fd0\u884c<\/span>
\n[<\/span>phoenix@controller ~ 14<\/span>:02:34]<\/span>$ ansible-playbook test1.yml <\/p>\n

PLAY [<\/span>test]<\/span> ***********************************************************************************************<\/p>\n

TASK [<\/span>install httpd]<\/span> **************************************************************************************
\nskipping: [<\/span>node3]<\/span>
\nok: [<\/span>node1]<\/span><\/p>\n

TASK [<\/span>install mariadb]<\/span> ************************************************************************************
\nskipping: [<\/span>node1]<\/span>
\nchanged: [<\/span>node3]<\/span><\/p>\n

PLAY RECAP ************************************************************************************************
\nnode1 :<\/span> ok<\/span>=<\/span>1<\/span> changed<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span> unreachable<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span> failed<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span> skipped<\/span>=<\/span>1<\/span> rescued<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span> ignored<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span>
\nnode3 :<\/span> ok<\/span>=<\/span>1<\/span> changed<\/span>=<\/span>1<\/span> unreachable<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span> failed<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span> skipped<\/span>=<\/span>1<\/span> rescued<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span> ignored<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span> <\/p>\n

loop \u548c when \u8054\u5408<\/p>\n

1<\/span> —
\n 2<\/span> – name: Combining Loops and Conditional Play
\n 3<\/span> hosts: node1
\n 4<\/span> tasks:
\n 5<\/span> – name: install<\/span> mariadb-server if<\/span> enough space on root
\n 6<\/span> yum:
\n 7<\/span> name: mariadb-server
\n 8<\/span> state: latest
\n 9<\/span> loop: "{{ ansible_mounts }}"<\/span>
\n 10<\/span> when:
\n 11<\/span> – item.mount ==<\/span> "\/"<\/span>
\n 12<\/span> – item.size_available ><\/span> 300000000<\/span>
\n 13<\/span> ..<\/span>.
\n~ <\/p>\n

#\u8fd0\u884c<\/span>
\n[<\/span>phoenix@controller ~ 14<\/span>:25:14]<\/span>$ ansible-playbook test3.yml <\/p>\n

PLAY [<\/span>Combining Loops and Conditional Play]<\/span> ***************************************************************<\/p>\n

TASK [<\/span>Gathering Facts]<\/span> ************************************************************************************
\nok: [<\/span>node1]<\/span><\/p>\n

TASK [<\/span>install mariadb-server if<\/span> enough space on root]<\/span> *****************************************************
\nskipping: [<\/span>node1]<\/span> =<\/span>><\/span> (<\/span>item=<\/span>{<\/span>u'block_used'<\/span>:<\/span> 35554<\/span>, u'uuid'<\/span>:<\/span> u'd43a42ec-932d-441b-b612-bc418aff8ea0'<\/span>, u'size_total'<\/span>:<\/span> 1063256064<\/span>, u'block_total'<\/span>:<\/span> 259584<\/span>, u'mount'<\/span>:<\/span> u'\/boot'<\/span>, u'block_available'<\/span>:<\/span> 224030<\/span>, u'size_available'<\/span>:<\/span> 917626880<\/span>, u'fstype'<\/span>:<\/span> u'xfs'<\/span>, u'inode_total'<\/span>:<\/span> 524288<\/span>, u'options'<\/span>:<\/span> u'rw,relatime,attr2,inode64,noquota'<\/span>, u'device'<\/span>:<\/span> u'\/dev\/sda1'<\/span>, u'inode_used'<\/span>:<\/span> 326<\/span>, u'block_size'<\/span>:<\/span> 4096<\/span>, u'inode_available'<\/span>:<\/span> 523962<\/span>}<\/span>)<\/span>
\nchanged: [<\/span>node1]<\/span> =<\/span>><\/span> (<\/span>item=<\/span>{<\/span>u'block_used'<\/span>:<\/span> 491363<\/span>, u'uuid'<\/span>:<\/span> u'5573248a-295f-49ea-a0f0-10d7e246a26a'<\/span>, u'size_total'<\/span>:<\/span> 50432839680<\/span>, u'block_total'<\/span>:<\/span> 12312705<\/span>, u'mount'<\/span>:<\/span> u'\/'<\/span>, u'block_available'<\/span>:<\/span> 11821342<\/span>, u'size_available'<\/span>:<\/span> 48420216832<\/span>, u'fstype'<\/span>:<\/span> u'xfs'<\/span>, u'inode_total'<\/span>:<\/span> 24637440<\/span>, u'options'<\/span>:<\/span> u'rw,relatime,attr2,inode64,noquota'<\/span>, u'device'<\/span>:<\/span> u'\/dev\/mapper\/centos-root'<\/span>, u'inode_used'<\/span>:<\/span> 33463<\/span>, u'block_size'<\/span>:<\/span> 4096<\/span>, u'inode_available'<\/span>:<\/span> 24603977<\/span>}<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

PLAY RECAP ************************************************************************************************
\nnode1 :<\/span> ok<\/span>=<\/span>2<\/span> changed<\/span>=<\/span>1<\/span> unreachable<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span> failed<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span> skipped<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span> rescued<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span> ignored<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span> <\/p>\n

Ansible Handlers<\/h3>\n

Handlers（\u5904\u7406\u5668） \u662f Ansible \u4e2d\u4e00\u79cd\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u4efb\u52a1，\u5b83 \u4e0d\u4f1a\u7acb\u5373\u6267\u884c，\u800c\u662f \u88ab\u5176\u4ed6\u4efb\u52a1 notify（\u901a\u77e5）\u540e，\u5728 Playbook \u7684\u672b\u5c3e\u7edf\u4e00\u6267\u884c<\/p>\n

Handlers \u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e \u7ba1\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u91cd\u542f\u3001\u914d\u7f6e\u91cd\u8f7d\u7b49\u64cd\u4f5c，\u786e\u4fdd\u5b83\u4eec\u53ea\u5728 \u771f\u6b63\u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u66f4\u65f6\u6267\u884c，\u907f\u514d\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u91cd\u542f<\/p>\n

[<\/span>phoenix@controller ~ 14<\/span>:33:50]<\/span>$ vim<\/span> testhandlers.yml
\n—
\n– name: deploy web server
\n hosts: node1
\n tasks:
\n – name: install<\/span> packages
\n yum:
\n name: httpd
\n state: present
\n notify:
\n – enable<\/span> and restart apache<\/p>\n

– name: install<\/span> httpd-manual
\n yum:
\n name: httpd-manual
\n state: present
\n notify:
\n – enable<\/span> and restart apache<\/p>\n

– debug:
\n msg: last task in<\/span> tasks<\/p>\n

handlers:
\n – name: enable<\/span> and restart apache
\n service:
\n name: httpd
\n state: restarted
\n enabled: yes<\/span>
\n..<\/span>.<\/p>\n

#\u8fd0\u884c<\/span>
\n[<\/span>phoenix@controller ~ 14<\/span>:41:04]<\/span>$ ansible-playbook testhandlers.yml <\/p>\n

PLAY [<\/span>deploy web server]<\/span> **********************************************************************************<\/p>\n

TASK [<\/span>Gathering Facts]<\/span> ************************************************************************************
\nok: [<\/span>node1]<\/span><\/p>\n

TASK [<\/span>install packages]<\/span> ***********************************************************************************
\nok: [<\/span>node1]<\/span><\/p>\n

TASK [<\/span>install httpd-manual]<\/span> *******************************************************************************
\nchanged: [<\/span>node1]<\/span><\/p>\n

TASK [<\/span>debug]<\/span> **********************************************************************************************
\nok: [<\/span>node1]<\/span> =<\/span>><\/span> {<\/span>
\n "msg"<\/span>:<\/span> "last task in tasks"<\/span>
\n}<\/span><\/p>\n

RUNNING HANDLER [<\/span>enable and restart apache]<\/span> ***************************************************************
\nchanged: [<\/span>node1]<\/span><\/p>\n

PLAY RECAP ************************************************************************************************
\nnode1 :<\/span> ok<\/span>=<\/span>5<\/span> changed<\/span>=<\/span>2<\/span> unreachable<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span> failed<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span> skipped<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span> rescued<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span> ignored<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span> <\/p>\n

meta \u6a21\u5757<\/h3>\n

[<\/span>phoenix@controller ~ 19<\/span>:42:36]<\/span>$ vi<\/span> testmeta.yml <\/p>\n

1<\/span> —
\n 2<\/span> – name: deploy db server
\n 3<\/span> hosts: node1
\n 4<\/span> tasks:
\n 5<\/span> – name: install<\/span> mariadb
\n 6<\/span> yum:
\n 7<\/span> name:
\n 8<\/span> – mariadb-server
\n 9<\/span> – MySQL-python
\n 10<\/span> state: present
\n 11<\/span> notify:
\n 12<\/span> – enable_and_start_db
\n 13<\/span>
\n 14<\/span> – meta: flush_handlers
\n 15<\/span>
\n 16<\/span> – name: add<\/span> mariadb user
\n 17<\/span> mysql_user:
\n 18<\/span> name: phoenix01
\n 19<\/span> password: 1<\/span>
\n 20<\/span>
\n 21<\/span> handlers:
\n 22<\/span> – name: enable_and_start_db
\n 23<\/span> service:
\n 24<\/span> name: mariadb
\n 25<\/span> state: started
\n 26<\/span> ..<\/span>.
\n[<\/span>phoenix@controller ~ 19<\/span>:42:27]<\/span>$ ansible-playbook testmeta.yml<\/p>\n

PLAY [<\/span>deploy db server]<\/span> ***********************************************************************************<\/p>\n

TASK [<\/span>Gathering Facts]<\/span> ************************************************************************************
\nok: [<\/span>node1]<\/span><\/p>\n

TASK [<\/span>install mariadb]<\/span> ************************************************************************************
\nchanged: [<\/span>node1]<\/span><\/p>\n

RUNNING HANDLER [<\/span>enable_and_start_db]<\/span> *********************************************************************
\nok: [<\/span>node1]<\/span><\/p>\n

TASK [<\/span>add mariadb user]<\/span> ***********************************************************************************
\n[<\/span>WARNING]<\/span>: The value ******** (<\/span>type int)<\/span> in<\/span> a string field was converted to u'********'<\/span> (<\/span>type string)<\/span>. If
\nthis does not look<\/span> like what you expect, quote the entire value to ensure it does not change.
\n[<\/span>WARNING]<\/span>: Module did not set<\/span> no_log for<\/span> update_password
\nchanged: [<\/span>node1]<\/span><\/p>\n

PLAY RECAP ************************************************************************************************
\nnode1 :<\/span> ok<\/span>=<\/span>4<\/span> changed<\/span>=<\/span>2<\/span> unreachable<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span> failed<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span> skipped<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span> rescued<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span> ignored<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span> <\/p>\n

errors<\/h3>\n

fail\u6a21\u5757<\/h4>\n

[<\/span>phoenix@controller ~ 14<\/span>:49:00]<\/span>$ vim<\/span> failedtest.yml
\n[<\/span>phoenix@controller ~ 15<\/span>:00:48]<\/span>$ ansible-playbook faildtest.yml
\nERROR!<\/span> the playbook: faildtest.yml could not be found
\n[<\/span>phoenix@controller ~ 15<\/span>:00:59]<\/span>$ ansible-playbook failedtest.yml <\/p>\n

PLAY [<\/span>test failed_when]<\/span> ***********************************************************************************<\/p>\n

TASK [<\/span>Gathering Facts]<\/span> ************************************************************************************
\nok: [<\/span>node1]<\/span><\/p>\n

TASK [<\/span>shell]<\/span> **********************************************************************************************
\nchanged: [<\/span>node1]<\/span><\/p>\n

PLAY RECAP ************************************************************************************************
\nnode1 :<\/span> ok<\/span>=<\/span>2<\/span> changed<\/span>=<\/span>1<\/span> unreachable<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span> failed<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span> skipped<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span> rescued<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span> ignored<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span> <\/p>\n

[<\/span>phoenix@controller ~ 15<\/span>:01:09]<\/span>$ vim<\/span> failedtest.yml
\n[<\/span>phoenix@controller ~ 15<\/span>:03:01]<\/span>$ ansible-playbook failedtest.yml <\/p>\n

PLAY [<\/span>test fail module]<\/span> ***********************************************************************************<\/p>\n

TASK [<\/span>Gathering Facts]<\/span> ************************************************************************************
\nok: [<\/span>node1]<\/span><\/p>\n

TASK [<\/span>shell]<\/span> **********************************************************************************************
\nfatal: [<\/span>node1]<\/span>: FAILED!<\/span> =<\/span>><\/span> {<\/span>"changed"<\/span>:<\/span> true, "cmd"<\/span>:<\/span> "\/root\/adduser"<\/span>, "delta"<\/span>:<\/span> "0:00:00.003069"<\/span>, "end"<\/span>:<\/span> "2025-08-14 15:03:06.261860"<\/span>, "msg"<\/span>:<\/span> "non-zero return code"<\/span>, "rc"<\/span>:<\/span> 127<\/span>, "start"<\/span>:<\/span> "2025-08-14 15:03:06.258791"<\/span>, "stderr"<\/span>:<\/span> "\/bin\/sh: \/root\/adduser: \u6ca1\u6709\u90a3\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55"<\/span>, "stderr_lines"<\/span>:<\/span> [<\/span>"\/bin\/sh: \/root\/adduser: \u6ca1\u6709\u90a3\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55"<\/span>]<\/span>, "stdout"<\/span>:<\/span> ""<\/span>, "stdout_lines"<\/span>:<\/span> [<\/span>]<\/span>}<\/span><\/p>\n

PLAY RECAP ************************************************************************************************
\nnode1 :<\/span> ok<\/span>=<\/span>1<\/span> changed<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span> unreachable<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span> failed<\/span>=<\/span>1<\/span> skipped<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span> rescued<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span> ignored<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span> <\/p>\n

force_handlers<\/h4>\n

\u5f53hanlers\u5904\u7406\u4efb\u52a1\u5931\u8d25\u540e，\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u2013force\u5f3a\u5236\u6267\u884c<\/p>\n

[<\/span>phoenix@controller ~ 19<\/span>:48:44]<\/span>$ vim<\/span> force.yml
\n—
\n– name: test<\/span>
\n hosts: node1
\n force_handlers: yes<\/span>
\n tasks:
\n – name: a task which<\/span> always notifies its handler
\n command: \/bin\/true
\n notify: restart the sshd<\/p>\n

– name: fails because the package doesn't exist
\n yum:
\n name: notexistpkg
\n state: latest<\/p>\n

handlers:
\n – name: restart the sshd
\n service:
\n name: sshd
\n state: restarted
\n… <\/p>\n

[phoenix@controller ~ 19:54:14]$ ansible-playbook force.yml <\/p>\n

PLAY [test] ***********************************************************************************************<\/p>\n

TASK [Gathering Facts] ************************************************************************************
\nok: [node1]<\/p>\n

TASK [a task which always notifies its handler] ***********************************************************
\nchanged: [node1]<\/p>\n

TASK [fails because the package doesn'<\/span>t exist]<\/span> ************************************************************
\nfatal: [<\/span>node1]<\/span>: FAILED!<\/span> =<\/span>><\/span> {<\/span>"changed"<\/span>:<\/span> false, "msg"<\/span>:<\/span> "No package matching 'notexistpkg' found available, installed or updated"<\/span>, "rc"<\/span>:<\/span> 126<\/span>, "results"<\/span>:<\/span> [<\/span>"No package matching 'notexistpkg' found available, installed or updated"<\/span>]<\/span>}<\/span><\/p>\n

RUNNING HANDLER [<\/span>restart the sshd]<\/span> ************************************************************************
\nchanged: [<\/span>node1]<\/span><\/p>\n

PLAY RECAP ************************************************************************************************
\nnode1 :<\/span> ok<\/span>=<\/span>3<\/span> changed<\/span>=<\/span>2<\/span> unreachable<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span> failed<\/span>=<\/span>1<\/span> skipped<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span> rescued<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span> ignored<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span> <\/p>\n

failed_when<\/h4>\n

[<\/span>phoenix@controller ~ 19<\/span>:54:29]<\/span>$ vim<\/span> failedwhen.yml<\/p>\n

– name: test<\/span> failed_when
\n hosts: node1
\n tasks:
\n – shell: \/root\/adduser
\n register: command_result
\n failed_when: "'failed' in command_result.stdout"<\/span><\/p>\n

#\u8fd0\u884c<\/span>
\n[<\/span>phoenix@controller ~ 19<\/span>:57:09]<\/span>$ ansible-playbook failedwhen.yml <\/p>\n

PLAY [<\/span>test failed_when]<\/span> **********************************************************************************<\/p>\n

TASK [<\/span>Gathering Facts]<\/span> ***********************************************************************************
\nok: [<\/span>node1]<\/span><\/p>\n

TASK [<\/span>shell]<\/span> *********************************************************************************************
\nchanged: [<\/span>node1]<\/span><\/p>\n

PLAY RECAP ***********************************************************************************************
\nnode1 :<\/span> ok<\/span>=<\/span>2<\/span> changed<\/span>=<\/span>1<\/span> unreachable<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span> failed<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span> skipped<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span> rescued<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span> ignored<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span> <\/p>\n

changed when<\/h4>\n

[<\/span>phoenix@controller ~ 19<\/span>:57:23]<\/span>$ vim<\/span> changewhen.yml<\/p>\n

– name: changed_when
\n hosts: node1
\n tasks:
\n – name: upgrade-database
\n shell: \/usr\/local\/bin\/upgrade-database
\n register: result
\n changed_when: "'Success' in result.stdout"<\/span>
\n notify:
\n – restart_database
\n handlers:
\n – name: restart_database
\n service:
\n name: mariadb
\n state: restarted<\/p>\n

[<\/span>phoenix@controller ~ 19<\/span>:59:49]<\/span>$ ansible-playbook changewhen.yml <\/p>\n

PLAY [<\/span>changed_when]<\/span> **************************************************************************************<\/p>\n

TASK [<\/span>Gathering Facts]<\/span> ***********************************************************************************
\nok: [<\/span>node1]<\/span><\/p>\n

TASK [<\/span>upgrade-database]<\/span> **********************************************************************************
\nfatal: [<\/span>node1]<\/span>: FAILED!<\/span> =<\/span>><\/span> {<\/span>"changed"<\/span>:<\/span> false, "cmd"<\/span>:<\/span> "\/usr\/local\/bin\/upgrade-database"<\/span>, "delta"<\/span>:<\/span> "0:00:00.002910"<\/span>, "end"<\/span>:<\/span> "2025-08-14 20:00:04.136268"<\/span>, "msg"<\/span>:<\/span> "non-zero return code"<\/span>, "rc"<\/span>:<\/span> 127<\/span>, "start"<\/span>:<\/span> "2025-08-14 20:00:04.133358"<\/span>, "stderr"<\/span>:<\/span> "\/bin\/sh: \/usr\/local\/bin\/upgrade-database: \u6ca1\u6709\u90a3\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55"<\/span>, "stderr_lines"<\/span>:<\/span> [<\/span>"\/bin\/sh: \/usr\/local\/bin\/upgrade-database: \u6ca1\u6709\u90a3\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55"<\/span>]<\/span>, "stdout"<\/span>:<\/span> ""<\/span>, "stdout_lines"<\/span>:<\/span> [<\/span>]<\/span>}<\/span><\/p>\n

PLAY RECAP ***********************************************************************************************
\nnode1 :<\/span> ok<\/span>=<\/span>1<\/span> changed<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span> unreachable<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span> failed<\/span>=<\/span>1<\/span> skipped<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span> rescued<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span> ignored<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span> <\/p>\n

Ansible block<\/h4>\n

\u591a\u4e2a\u4efb\u52a1\u4f5c\u4e3ablock\u5b50\u6761\u76ee，block\u4f5c\u4e3a\u591a\u4e2a\u4efb\u52a1\u6574\u4f53<\/p>\n

\u793a\u4f8b<\/h5>\n