{"id":56659,"date":"2025-08-14T21:35:20","date_gmt":"2025-08-14T13:35:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/56659.html"},"modified":"2025-08-14T21:35:20","modified_gmt":"2025-08-14T13:35:20","slug":"tidb%e9%9b%86%e7%be%a4%e6%90%ad%e5%bb%ba%e4%b8%8e%e8%bf%90%e7%bb%b4%e6%8c%87%e5%8d%97","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/56659.html","title":{"rendered":"TiDB\u96c6\u7fa4\u642d\u5efa\u4e0e\u8fd0\u7ef4\u6307\u5357"},"content":{"rendered":"

TiDB \u96c6\u7fa4\u7684\u642d\u5efa\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u7684\u5de5\u7a0b，\u6d89\u53ca\u89c4\u5212\u3001\u90e8\u7f72\u3001\u914d\u7f6e\u548c\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7b49\u591a\u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u6700\u65b0\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u642d\u5efa\u6307\u5357：<\/p>\n

\n

\u6838\u5fc3\u67b6\u6784\u7406\u89e3<\/h4>\n

TiDB \u96c6\u7fa4\u5305\u542b\u56db\u5927\u6838\u5fc3\u7ec4\u4ef6：<\/p>\n

  • TiDB Server：\u65e0\u72b6\u6001 SQL \u5c42（\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7aef\u53e3 4000）<\/li>\n
  • TiKV Server：\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f KV \u5b58\u50a8\u5f15\u64ce（\u7aef\u53e3 20160）<\/li>\n
  • PD Server：\u5143\u6570\u636e\u7ba1\u7406\u4e0e\u8c03\u5ea6\u4e2d\u5fc3（\u7aef\u53e3 2379）<\/li>\n
  • \u76d1\u63a7\u7ec4\u4ef6：Prometheus + Grafana（\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7aef\u53e3 3000）<\/li>\n
    \n

    \u4e00\u3001\u90e8\u7f72\u524d\u51c6\u5907<\/h4>\n

    1. \u786c\u4ef6\u89c4\u5212\u5efa\u8bae<\/h5>\n\n\u7ec4\u4ef6CPU\u5185\u5b58\u5b58\u50a8\u7f51\u7edc\u6700\u5c0f\u8282\u70b9\u6570<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n
    TiDB<\/td>\n16\u6838+<\/td>\n32GB+<\/td>\nSAS\/SSD<\/td>\n10GbE<\/td>\n2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    TiKV<\/td>\n16\u6838+<\/td>\n64GB+<\/td>\nNVMe SSD*<\/td>\n10GbE<\/td>\n3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    PD<\/td>\n4\u6838+<\/td>\n8GB+<\/td>\nSSD<\/td>\n1GbE+<\/td>\n3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Monitor<\/td>\n4\u6838<\/td>\n8GB<\/td>\n100GB+<\/td>\n1GbE<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

    \u5173\u952e\u63d0\u793a：TiKV \u5fc5\u987b\u4f7f\u7528 NVMe SSD，\u907f\u514d\u4f7f\u7528 SATA SSD \u5bfc\u81f4\u6027\u80fd\u74f6\u9888\u3002<\/p>\n

    2. \u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f18\u5316<\/h5>\n

    # \u5173\u95ed\u900f\u660e\u5927\u9875<\/span>
    \necho<\/span> never ><\/span> \/sys\/kernel\/mm\/transparent_hugepage\/enabled<\/p>\n

    # \u8c03\u6574\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u9650\u5236<\/span>
    \necho<\/span> "* soft nofile 1000000"<\/span> >><\/span> \/etc\/security\/limits.conf<\/p>\n

    # \u4f18\u5316\u5185\u6838\u53c2\u6570<\/span>
    \nsysctl<\/span> -w<\/span> vm.swappiness<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span>
    \nsysctl<\/span> -w<\/span> net.core.somaxconn<\/span>=<\/span>32768<\/span><\/p>\n

    3. \u62d3\u6251\u6587\u4ef6\u51c6\u5907 (topology.yaml)<\/h5>\n

    global<\/span>:<\/span>
    \n user<\/span>:<\/span> "tidb"<\/span>
    \n ssh_port<\/span>:<\/span> 22<\/span>
    \n deploy_dir<\/span>:<\/span> "\/tidb-deploy"<\/span>
    \n data_dir<\/span>:<\/span> "\/tidb-data"<\/span><\/p>\n

    pd_servers<\/span>:<\/span>
    \n –<\/span> host<\/span>:<\/span> 10.0.1.11
    \n –<\/span> host<\/span>:<\/span> 10.0.1.12
    \n –<\/span> host<\/span>:<\/span> 10.0.1.13<\/p>\n

    tidb_servers<\/span>:<\/span>
    \n –<\/span> host<\/span>:<\/span> 10.0.1.21
    \n –<\/span> host<\/span>:<\/span> 10.0.1.22<\/p>\n

    tikv_servers<\/span>:<\/span>
    \n –<\/span> host<\/span>:<\/span> 10.0.1.31
    \n –<\/span> host<\/span>:<\/span> 10.0.1.32
    \n –<\/span> host<\/span>:<\/span> 10.0.1.33<\/p>\n

    monitoring_servers<\/span>:<\/span>
    \n –<\/span> host<\/span>:<\/span> 10.0.1.41<\/p>\n

    grafana_servers<\/span>:<\/span>
    \n –<\/span> host<\/span>:<\/span> 10.0.1.41<\/p>\n

    \n

    \u4e8c\u3001\u4f7f\u7528 TiUP \u90e8\u7f72\u96c6\u7fa4<\/h4>\n

    1. \u5b89\u88c5 TiUP<\/h5>\n

    curl<\/span> –proto<\/span> '=https'<\/span> –tlsv1.2<\/span> -sSf<\/span> https:\/\/tiup-mirrors.pingcap.com\/install.sh |<\/span> sh<\/span>
    \nsource<\/span> ~\/.bashrc<\/p>\n

    2. \u90e8\u7f72\u96c6\u7fa4<\/h5>\n

    tiup cluster deploy tidb-test v7.5.0 .\/topology.yaml -y<\/span>
    \ntiup cluster start tidb-test<\/p>\n

    3. \u9a8c\u8bc1\u90e8\u7f72\u72b6\u6001<\/h5>\n

    tiup cluster display tidb-test<\/p>\n

    \u9884\u671f\u8f93\u51fa：\u6240\u6709\u8282\u70b9 Status = Up<\/p>\n

    \n

    \u4e09\u3001\u5b89\u5168\u52a0\u56fa（\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u5fc5\u505a）<\/h4>\n

    1. \u542f\u7528 TLS \u52a0\u5bc6<\/h5>\n

    tiup cluster enable-tls tidb-test<\/p>\n

    2. \u8bbe\u7f6e SQL \u9632\u706b\u5899<\/h5>\n

    CREATE<\/span> PLACEMENT POLICY `<\/span>restrictive`<\/span><\/span> CONSTRAINTS =<\/span> "[+region=sh]"<\/span>;<\/span>
    \nALTER<\/span> DATABASE<\/span> test PLACEMENT POLICY =<\/span> `<\/span>restrictive`<\/span><\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    3. \u5ba1\u8ba1\u65e5\u5fd7\u914d\u7f6e<\/h5>\n

    server_configs<\/span>:<\/span>
    \n tidb<\/span>:<\/span>
    \n enable-audit<\/span>:<\/span> true<\/span>
    \n audit-log-format<\/span>:<\/span> "json"<\/span><\/p>\n

    \n

    \u56db\u3001\u6027\u80fd\u8c03\u4f18\u5173\u952e\u53c2\u6570<\/h4>\n

    TiKV \u914d\u7f6e (tikv.toml)<\/h5>\n

    [raftstore]
    \nsync-log = false # \u5f02\u6b65\u5237\u76d8\u63d0\u5347\u541e\u5410<\/p>\n

    [rocksdb]
    \nmax-background-jobs = 8 # CPU\u6838\u6570\/2<\/p>\n

    [storage]
    \nreserve-space = "2GB" # \u9884\u9632\u78c1\u76d8\u5199\u6ee1<\/p>\n

    PD \u8c03\u5ea6\u53c2\u6570 (pd.toml)<\/h5>\n

    [schedule]
    \nmax-merge-region-size = 20 # \u907f\u514d\u5c0fRegion\u5408\u5e76
    \nhot-region-schedule-limit = 8<\/p>\n

    \n

    \u4e94\u3001\u96c6\u7fa4\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4e0e\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/h4>\n

    1. \u57fa\u7840\u8fde\u63a5\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/h5>\n

    mysql -h<\/span> 10.0<\/span>.1.21 -P<\/span> 4000<\/span> -u<\/span> root -e<\/span> "SELECT VERSION()"<\/span><\/p>\n

    2. TPC-C \u6027\u80fd\u538b\u6d4b<\/h5>\n

    tiup bench tpcc -H<\/span> 10.0<\/span>.1.21 -P<\/span> 4000<\/span> -D<\/span> tpcc_test \\\\<\/span>
    \n –warehouses<\/span> 100<\/span> –threads<\/span> 64<\/span> prepare<\/p>\n

    3. \u5b9e\u65f6\u76d1\u63a7\u67e5\u770b<\/h5>\n

    \u8bbf\u95ee http:\/\/monitor-ip:3000 \u67e5\u770b\u5173\u952e\u6307\u6807：<\/p>\n

      \n
    • TiDB: Query Duration > 99th percentile<\/li>\n
    • TiKV: 95% Storage command duration<\/li>\n
    • PD: Region health score<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
      \n

      \u516d\u3001\u8fd0\u7ef4\u5173\u952e\u547d\u4ee4<\/h4>\n

      # \u6eda\u52a8\u5347\u7ea7<\/span>
      \ntiup cluster upgrade tidb-test v7.5.1<\/p>\n

      # \u8282\u70b9\u6269\u5bb9<\/span>
      \ntiup cluster scale-out tidb-test scale-out.yaml<\/p>\n

      # \u707e\u5907\u6062\u590d<\/span>
      \nbr restore full –pd<\/span> "pd-ip:2379"<\/span> -s<\/span> "s3:\/\/backup-bucket\/"<\/span><\/p>\n

      \n

      \u5e38\u89c1\u6545\u969c\u6392\u67e5\u70b9<\/h4>\n
    • \n

      TiKV Store Down：<\/p>\n

        \n
      • \u68c0\u67e5\u78c1\u76d8 IO \u5ef6\u8fdf（iostat -xmt 1）<\/li>\n
      • \u786e\u8ba4\u7f51\u7edc\u5206\u533a（tcpping tikv_ip 20160）<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
      • \n

        \u6162\u67e5\u8be2\u6fc0\u589e：<\/p>\n

          \n
        • \u5206\u6790 tidb_slow_query.log<\/li>\n
        • \u68c0\u67e5\u70ed\u70b9 Region（Grafana \u2192 PD \u2192 Hot Region）<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
        • \n

          PD Leader \u5207\u6362\u9891\u7e41：<\/p>\n

            \n
          • \u68c0\u67e5 PD \u8282\u70b9\u65f6\u949f\u540c\u6b65（ntpstat）<\/li>\n
          • \u76d1\u63a7 PD \u78c1\u76d8 IO \u5ef6\u8fdf<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n

            \u7279\u522b\u63d0\u9192：\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u52a1\u5fc5\u90e8\u7f72\u81f3\u5c113\u4e2a PD \u8282\u70b9，TiKV \u8282\u70b9\u6570\u5e94\u4e3a\u5947\u6570（\u63a8\u8350 3\/5\/7），\u907f\u514d\u8111\u88c2\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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