{"id":56611,"date":"2025-08-14T20:45:30","date_gmt":"2025-08-14T12:45:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/56611.html"},"modified":"2025-08-14T20:45:30","modified_gmt":"2025-08-14T12:45:30","slug":"linux%e8%bd%af%e4%bb%b6%e7%bc%96%e7%a8%8b3-%ef%bc%88%e6%96%87%e4%bb%b6io%e5%92%8c%e7%9b%ae%e5%bd%95io%ef%bc%89","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/56611.html","title":{"rendered":"Linux\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7f16\u7a0b3.\uff08\u6587\u4ef6IO\u548c\u76ee\u5f55IO\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"

1.\u6587\u4ef6IO\u7684\u6982\u5ff5<\/h2>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u6807\u51c6IO\u6709\u7f13\u5b58，\u6587\u4ef6IO\u65e0\u7f13\u5b58，\u591a\u7528\u4e8e\u786c\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c\u548c\u901a\u4fe1\u3002<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u6807\u51c6IO\u662f\u5e93\u51fd\u6570，\u6587\u4ef6IO\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u6548\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

2.\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u4e0e\u5e93\u51fd\u6570<\/h2>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528:\u662fLinux\u5185\u6838\u4e2d\u7684\u4ee3\u7801，\u53ea\u80fd\u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u5e93\u51fd\u6570:\u662f\u5bf9\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u7684\u5c01\u88c5，\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5b89\u88c5\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528，\u5e93\u51fd\u6570\u6700\u7ec8\u8fd8\u662f\u8981\u8c03\u7528\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u5b8c\u6210\u5bf9\u5e94\u529f\u80fd<\/p>\n

3.\u6587\u4ef6IO\u51fd\u6570\u63a5\u53e3<\/h2>\n

3.1open\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6<\/h3>\n

\u539f\u578b：
\n int open(const char *pathname, int flags);
\n int open(const char *pathname, int flags, mode_t mode);
\n\u529f\u80fd：
\n \u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\u83b7\u5f97\u64cd\u4f5c\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26
\n\u53c2\u6570：
\n pathname:\u8981\u6253\u5f00\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84
\n flags:\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6807\u5fd7，\u5fc5\u987b\u5305\u542b\u4e09\u8005\u4e4b\u4e00
\n O_RDONLY
\n O_WRONLY
\n O_RDWR
\n O_CREAT \u6587\u4ef6\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u521b\u5efa（\u6ce8\u610f\u8981\u7ed9\u5b9a\u521b\u5efa\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6743\u9650）
\n O_TRUNC \u6587\u4ef6\u5b58\u5728\u622a\u65ad\u4e3a0（\u6e050）
\n O_APPEND \u8ffd\u52a0
\n O_EXCL \u6587\u4ef6\u5b58\u5728\u62a5\u9519
\n\u8fd4\u56de\u503c：
\n \u6210\u529f\u8fd4\u56de\u65b0\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26
\n \u5931\u8d25\u8fd4\u56de-1<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u4e09\u4e2a\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26：\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165（0）\u3001\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa（1）\u3001\u6807\u51c6\u9519\u8bef（2）\u3002<\/p>\n

3.2close\u5173\u95ed\u6587\u4ef6<\/h3>\n

\u6ce8\u610f：
\n\u6709\u4e09\u4e2a\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26：\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165（0）\u3001\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa（1）\u3001\u6807\u51c6\u9519\u8bef（2）
\n\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u7279\u70b9：
\n\u975e\u8d1f\u6574\u6570<\/p>\n

\u6253\u5f00\u5e76\u5173\u95ed\u6587\u4ef6：<\/p>\n

#include <sys\/types.h>
\n#include <sys\/stat.h>
\n#include <fcntl.h>
\n#include <unistd.h>
\n#include <stdio.h><\/p>\n

int main(void)
\n{
\n int fd = 0;<\/p>\n

\/\/0664
\n \/\/110110100
\n \/\/rw-rw-r–
\n fd = open("a.txt", O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC, 0664);
\n if (-1 == fd)
\n {
\n perror("fail to open");
\n return -1;
\n }<\/p>\n

printf("fd = %d\\\\n", fd);<\/p>\n

close(fd);<\/p>\n

return 0;
\n}<\/p>\n

3.3\u6807\u51c6IO\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6587\u4ef6IO\u7684\u6253\u5f00\u65b9\u5f0f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u6807\u51c6IO<\/td>\n\u6587\u4ef6IO<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
r<\/td>\nO_RDONLY<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
r+<\/td>\nO_RDWR<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
w<\/td>\nO_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC , 0664<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
w+<\/td>\nO_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC, 0664<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
a<\/td>\nO_WRONLY | O_APPEND | O_CREAT, 0664<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
a+<\/td>\nO_RDWR | O_APPEND | O_CREAT, 0664<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

3.4write\u5199\u5165<\/h3>\n

\u539f\u578b：ssize_t write(int fd, const void *buf, size_t count);
\n\u529f\u80fd：
\n \u5411\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u4e2d\u5199\u5165buf\u6307\u5411\u7684count\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u7684\u6570\u636e
\n\u53c2\u6570：
\n fd:\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26
\n buf:\u8981\u5199\u5165\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7a7a\u95f4\u9996\u5730\u5740
\n count:\u8981\u5199\u5165\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u6570
\n\u8fd4\u56de\u503c：
\n \u6210\u529f\u8fd4\u56de\u5b9e\u9645\u5199\u5165\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u6570
\n \u5931\u8d25\u8fd4\u56de-1<\/p>\n

#include <sys\/types.h>
\n#include <sys\/stat.h>
\n#include <fcntl.h>
\n#include <unistd.h>
\n#include <stdio.h>
\n#include <string.h><\/p>\n

int main(void)
\n{
\n int fd = 0;
\n char tmpbuff[4096] = {"hello world"};
\n ssize_t nret = 0;<\/p>\n

fd = open("a.txt", O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC, 0664);
\n if (-1 == fd)
\n {
\n perror("fail to open");
\n return -1;
\n }<\/p>\n

nret = write(fd, tmpbuff, strlen(tmpbuff));
\n printf("\u5b9e\u9645\u5199\u5165:%ld\\\\n", nret);<\/p>\n

close(fd);<\/p>\n

return 0;
\n}<\/p>\n

3.5read\u8bfb\u53d6<\/h3>\n

\u539f\u578b：ssize_t read(int fd, void *buf, size_t count);
\n\u529f\u80fd：
\n \u4ece\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u4e2d\u8bfb\u53d6count\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u653e\u5165buf\u6307\u5411\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d
\n\u53c2\u6570：
\n fd:\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26
\n buf:\u5b58\u653e\u6570\u636e\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u9996\u5730\u5740
\n count:\u60f3\u8981\u8bfb\u53d6\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u6570
\n\u8fd4\u56de\u503c：
\n \u6210\u529f\u8fd4\u56de\u5b9e\u9645\u8bfb\u5230\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u6570
\n \u8bfb\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u672b\u5c3e\u8fd4\u56de0
\n \u8bfb\u53d6\u51fa\u9519\u8fd4\u56de-1<\/p>\n

\u8bfb\u53d6\/usr\/include\/stdio.h\u8def\u5f84\u4e0b4096\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282：<\/p>\n

#include "head.h"<\/p>\n

int main(void)
\n{
\n int fd = 0;
\n char tmpbuff[4096] = {0};
\n ssize_t nret = 0;<\/p>\n

fd = open("\/usr\/include\/stdio.h", O_RDONLY);
\n if (-1 == fd)
\n {
\n perror("fail to open");
\n return -1;
\n }<\/p>\n

nret = read(fd, tmpbuff, sizeof(tmpbuff));
\n printf("\u5b9e\u9645\u63a5\u6536 %ld \u5b57\u8282, \u5185\u5bb9:%s\\\\n", nret, tmpbuff);<\/p>\n

close(fd);<\/p>\n

return 0;
\n}<\/p>\n

\u7528read\u548cwrite\u8fdb\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u62f7\u8d1d：<\/p>\n

#include "head.h"<\/p>\n

int main(void)
\n{
\n FILE *fp1 = NULL;
\n FILE *fp2 = NULL;
\n char src[256] = {0};
\n char dst[256] = {0};
\n char tmpbuff[4060] ={0};
\n printf("\u8bf7\u8f93\u5165\u8981\u62f7\u8d1d\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u540d:");
\n m_fgets(src);
\n printf("\u8bf7\u8f93\u5165\u76ee\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u540d:");
\n m_fgets(dst);
\n char a[4096]={0};
\n ssize_t nret;
\n fp1 = open(src, O_RDONLY);
\n if (NULL == fp1)
\n {
\n perror("fail to open1");
\n return -1;
\n }
\n fp2 = open (dst,O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC ,0664);
\n if (NULL == fp2)
\n {
\n perror("fail to open2");
\n return -1;
\n }
\n while (nret = read(fp1,tmpbuff,sizeof(tmpbuff)))
\n {
\n write(fp2,tmpbuff,nret);
\n }<\/p>\n

close(fp1);
\n close(fp2);
\n return 0;
\n}<\/p>\n

3.6lseek\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u504f\u79fb\u91cf\u7684\u5b9a\u4f4d<\/h3>\n

\u539f\u578b：off_t lseek(int fd, off_t offset, int whence);
\n\u529f\u80fd：
\n \u91cd\u65b0\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6d41\u7684\u504f\u79fb\u91cf
\n\u53c2\u6570：
\n fd:\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26
\n offset:\u504f\u79fb\u91cf
\n whence:
\n SEEK_SET
\n SEEK_CUR
\n SEEK_END
\n\u8fd4\u56de\u503c：
\n \u6210\u529f\u8fd4\u56de\u504f\u79fb\u91cf
\n \u5931\u8d25\u8fd4\u56de-1<\/p>\n

\u504f\u79fb\u6253\u5370\u5e76\u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u504f\u79fb\u91cf<\/p>\n

#include "head.h"<\/p>\n

int main(void)
\n{
\n int fd = 0;
\n char ch = 0;
\n off_t len = 0;<\/p>\n

fd = open("a.txt", O_WRONLY | O_CREAT, 0664);
\n if (-1 == fd)
\n {
\n perror("fail to open");
\n return -1;
\n }<\/p>\n

len = lseek(fd, 10, SEEK_SET);
\n printf("\u504f\u79fb\u91cf:%ld\\\\n", len);
\n ch = 'a';
\n write(fd, &ch, 1);
\n len = lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_CUR);
\n printf("\u504f\u79fb\u91cf:%ld\\\\n", len);<\/p>\n

len = lseek(fd, -5, SEEK_CUR);
\n printf("\u504f\u79fb\u91cf:%ld\\\\n", len);
\n ch = 'b';
\n write(fd, &ch, 1);<\/p>\n

len = lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_SET);
\n printf("\u504f\u79fb\u91cf:%ld\\\\n", len);
\n ch = 'c';
\n write(fd, &ch, 1); <\/p>\n

close(fd);<\/p>\n

return 0;
\n}<\/p>\n

\"\"\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\"\"<\/p>\n

3.7\u6587\u4ef6IO\u4e0e\u6807\u51c6IO\u4e92\u76f8\u8f6c\u6362\u7684\u51fd\u6570<\/h2>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u51fd\u6570\u63a5\u53e3<\/td>\n\u529f\u80fd<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
fileno<\/td>\n\u6839\u636e\u6587\u4ef6\u6d41\u6307\u9488\u83b7\u5f97\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
fdopen<\/td>\n\u6839\u636e\u5df2\u7ecf\u6253\u5f00\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u83b7\u5f97\u6587\u4ef6\u6d41\u6307\u9488<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
feof<\/td>\n\u5224\u65ad\u6587\u4ef6\u6d41\u6307\u9488\u662f\u5426\u5230\u8fbe\u672b\u5c3e<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
ferror<\/td>\n\u5224\u65ad\u6587\u4ef6\u6d41\u6307\u9488\u662f\u5426\u51fa\u9519<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u5c0f\u9879\u76ee：\u5355\u8bcd\u67e5\u627e<\/h2>\n

\u9700\u8981\u4ecedict.txt\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u67e5\u627e\u4ece\u7ec8\u7aef\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u5355\u8bcd，\u5e76\u8f93\u51fa\u5176\u610f\u601d\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

#include"head.h"
\nint main(void)
\n{
\n char in_put_word[256] = {0};
\n char tmpbuff[1024] = {0};
\n char word[256] = {0};
\n char explanation[256] = {0};
\n int a = 0;
\n printf("\u8bf7\u8f93\u5165\u4f60\u8981\u67e5\u8be2\u7684\u5355\u8bcd:\\\\n");
\n gets(in_put_word);
\n in_put_word[strlen(in_put_word)]= '\\\\0';
\n FILE *fp = NULL;
\n fp = fopen("dict.txt", "r");
\n if (NULL == fp)
\n {
\n perror("fail to fopen");
\n return -1;
\n }
\n while(1)
\n {
\n if(fgets(tmpbuff, sizeof(tmpbuff), fp) == NULL)
\n {
\n printf("no found\\\\n");
\n break;
\n }
\n \/\/\u5c06fgets\u8bfb\u5230\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u5206\u5272，\u524d\u534a\u90e8\u5206\u4e3a255\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u7684\u5185\u5bb9，\u9047\u5230\u7a7a\u683c\u622a\u6b62\u5b58\u5728word\u4e2d
\n \/\/\u540e\u534a\u90e8\u5206\u8bfb\u53d6255\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u5185\u5bb9，\u9047\u5230\\\\n\u622a\u6b62,\u5b58\u5728explanation\u4e2d
\n sscanf(tmpbuff, "%255s %255[^\\\\n]", word, explanation);
\n if(strcmp(in_put_word, word) == 0)
\n {
\n printf("\u5355\u8bcd\u542b\u4e49:%s\\\\n",explanation);
\n a = 1;
\n break;
\n }
\n }
\n fclose(fp);
\n return 0;
\n}<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

4.\u76ee\u5f55IO<\/h2>\n

4.1\u64cd\u4f5c\u65b9\u5f0f<\/h3>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a01）\u6253\u5f00\u76ee\u5f55\u6587\u4ef6 2）\u8bfb\u53d6\u76ee\u5f55\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u9879 3）\u5173\u95ed\u76ee\u5f55\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n

4.2\u51fd\u6570\u63a5\u53e3<\/h3>\n

4.2.1opendir\u6253\u5f00\u76ee\u5f55\u6d41\u83b7\u5f97\u76ee\u5f55\u6d41\u6307\u9488<\/h4>\n

\u539f\u578b：DIR *opendir(const char *name);
\n \u529f\u80fd：
\n \u6253\u5f00\u76ee\u5f55\u6d41\u83b7\u5f97\u76ee\u5f55\u6d41\u6307\u9488
\n \u53c2\u6570：
\n name:\u76ee\u5f55\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8def\u5f84
\n \u8fd4\u56de\u503c：
\n \u6210\u529f\u8fd4\u56de\u76ee\u5f55\u6d41\u6307\u9488
\n \u5931\u8d25\u8fd4\u56deNULL<\/p>\n

4.2.2closedir\u5173\u95ed\u76ee\u5f55\u6d41\u6307\u9488<\/h4>\n

\u539f\u578b：int closedir(DIR *dirp);
\n\u529f\u80fd：
\n \u5173\u95ed\u76ee\u5f55\u6d41\u6307\u9488<\/p>\n

4.2.3readdir\u8bfb\u53d6\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u9879\u7684\u4fe1\u606f<\/h4>\n

\u539f\u578b：struct dirent *readdir(DIR *dirp);
\n\u529f\u80fd：
\n \u8bfb\u53d6\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u9879\u7684\u4fe1\u606f
\n\u53c2\u6570：
\n dirp:\u76ee\u5f55\u6d41\u6307\u9488
\n\u8fd4\u56de\u503c：
\n \u6210\u529f\u8fd4\u56de\u5305\u542b\u76ee\u5f55\u9879\u4fe1\u606f\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u6307\u9488
\n \u5931\u8d25\u8fd4\u56deNULL
\n \u8bfb\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u672b\u5c3e\u8fd4\u56deNULL<\/p>\n

struct dirent {
\n ino_t d_ino; \/* Inode number:\u901a\u8fc7inode\u627e\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u78c1\u76d8\u7a7a
\n\u95f4\u4f4d\u7f6e *\/
\n off_t d_off; \/* Not an offset; see below *\/
\n unsigned short d_reclen; \/* Length of this record *\/
\n unsigned char d_type; \/* Type of file; not supported
\n by all filesystem types：\u6587\u4ef6\u7c7b\u578b *\/
\n char d_name[256]; \/* Null-terminated filename： \u6587\u4ef6\u540d*\/
\n };<\/p>\n

\u8fd4\u56de\u8f93\u5165\u8def\u5f84\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5c5e\u6027：<\/p>\n

#include "head.h"<\/p>\n

int main(void)
\n{
\n DIR *dp = NULL;
\n struct dirent *pp = NULL;
\n char filepath[256] = {0};<\/p>\n

printf("\u8bf7\u8f93\u5165\u8def\u5f84:\\\\n");
\n m_fgets(filepath);<\/p>\n

dp = opendir(filepath);
\n if (NULL == dp)
\n {
\n perror("fail to opendir");
\n return -1;
\n }<\/p>\n

while (1)
\n {
\n pp = readdir(dp);
\n if (NULL == pp)
\n {
\n break;
\n }<\/p>\n

if ('.' == pp->d_name[0])
\n {
\n continue;
\n }<\/p>\n

switch (pp->d_type)
\n {
\n case DT_BLK:printf("\u5757\u8bbe\u5907\u6587\u4ef6");break;
\n case DT_CHR:printf("\u5b57\u7b26\u8bbe\u5907\u6587\u4ef6");break;
\n case DT_DIR:printf("\u76ee\u5f55\u6587\u4ef6");break;
\n case DT_FIFO:printf("\u7ba1\u9053\u6587\u4ef6");break;
\n case DT_LNK:printf("\u94fe\u63a5\u6587\u4ef6");break;
\n case DT_REG:printf("\u666e\u901a\u6587\u4ef6");break;
\n case DT_SOCK:printf("\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u6587\u4ef6");break;
\n }<\/p>\n

printf("\\\\t\\\\t%s\\\\t\\\\t%s\/%s\\\\n", pp->d_name, filepath, pp->d_name);
\n }<\/p>\n

closedir(dp);<\/p>\n

return 0;
\n}<\/p>\n

4.2.4getcwd\u83b7\u5f97\u5f53\u524d\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84<\/h4>\n

\u539f\u578b：char *getcwd(char *buf, size_t size);
\n\u529f\u80fd：
\n \u83b7\u5f97\u5f53\u524d\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84
\n\u53c2\u6570：
\n buf:\u5b58\u653e\u8def\u5f84\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7a7a\u95f4\u9996\u5730\u5740
\n size:\u6700\u591a\u5b58\u653e\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u5927\u5c0f
\n\u8fd4\u56de\u503c：
\n \u6210\u529f\u8fd4\u56de\u5305\u542b\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u9996\u5730\u5740
\n \u5931\u8d25\u8fd4\u56deNULL<\/p>\n

\u793a\u4f8b：<\/p>\n

#include "head.h"<\/p>\n

int main(void)
\n{
\n char tmpbuff[4096] = {0};
\n FILE *fp = NULL;<\/p>\n

getcwd(tmpbuff, sizeof(tmpbuff));
\n printf("\u5f53\u524d\u8def\u5f84:%s\\\\n", tmpbuff);<\/p>\n

mkdir("tmp", 0777);
\n rmdir("tmp");<\/p>\n

chdir("..");<\/p>\n

getcwd(tmpbuff, sizeof(tmpbuff));
\n printf("\u5f53\u524d\u8def\u5f84:%s\\\\n", tmpbuff);<\/p>\n

fclose(fopen("file.txt", "w"));<\/p>\n

return 0;
\n}<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\"\"<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u6df1\u5ea6\u6709\u9650\u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\u5e76\u6253\u5370\u8def\u5f84：<\/p>\n

#include "head.h"<\/p>\n

void listdir(char *dirpath)
\n{
\n DIR *dp = NULL;
\n struct dirent *pp = NULL;
\n char tmpbuff[4096] = {0};<\/p>\n

dp = opendir(dirpath);
\n if (NULL == dp)
\n {
\n perror("fail to opendir");
\n printf("failed:%s\\\\n", dirpath);
\n return;
\n }<\/p>\n

while (1)
\n {
\n pp = readdir(dp);
\n if (NULL == pp)
\n {
\n break;
\n }<\/p>\n

if ('.' == pp->d_name[0])
\n {
\n continue;
\n }<\/p>\n

sprintf(tmpbuff, "%s\/%s", dirpath, pp->d_name);
\n printf("%s\\\\n", tmpbuff);<\/p>\n

if (pp->d_type == DT_DIR)
\n {
\n listdir(tmpbuff);
\n }
\n }<\/p>\n

closedir(dp);<\/p>\n

return;
\n}<\/p>\n

int main(void)
\n{
\n listdir("\/home\/linux");<\/p>\n

return 0;
\n}<\/p>\n

\u5e7f\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\u5e76\u6253\u5370\u8def\u5f84：<\/p>\n

#include "head.h" \/\/ \u5305\u542b\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u5934\u6587\u4ef6 head.h（\u53ef\u80fd\u5305\u542b\u901a\u7528\u5b9a\u4e49\u6216\u51fd\u6570\u58f0\u660e）
\n#include "linkqueue.h" \/\/ \u5305\u542b\u94fe\u5f0f\u961f\u5217\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u5934\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n

void listdir(char *dirpath) \/\/ \u5b9a\u4e49\u904d\u5386\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u51fd\u6570，\u53c2\u6570\u4e3a\u76ee\u5f55\u8def\u5f84
\n{
\n linknode *plinkqueue = NULL; \/\/ \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u961f\u5217\u6307\u9488
\n char tmppath[256] = {0}; \/\/ \u4e34\u65f6\u5b58\u50a8\u51fa\u961f\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u8def\u5f84（\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u5927\u5c0f256\u5b57\u8282）
\n char filepath[1024] = {0}; \/\/ \u5b58\u50a8\u5b8c\u6574\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84（\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u5927\u5c0f1024\u5b57\u8282）
\n DIR *dp = NULL; \/\/ \u76ee\u5f55\u6d41\u6307\u9488
\n struct dirent *pp = NULL; \/\/ \u76ee\u5f55\u6761\u76ee\u6307\u9488<\/p>\n

plinkqueue = create_empty_linkqueue(); \/\/ \u521b\u5efa\u7a7a\u961f\u5217
\n enter_linkqueue(plinkqueue, dirpath); \/\/ \u5c06\u521d\u59cb\u76ee\u5f55\u8def\u5f84\u5165\u961f<\/p>\n

while (!is_empty_linkqueue(plinkqueue)) \/\/ \u5faa\u73af\u76f4\u5230\u961f\u5217\u4e3a\u7a7a
\n {
\n quit_linkqueue(plinkqueue, tmppath); \/\/ \u4ece\u961f\u5934\u53d6\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u8def\u5f84\u5230 tmppath<\/p>\n

dp = opendir(tmppath); \/\/ \u5c1d\u8bd5\u6253\u5f00\u76ee\u5f55
\n if (NULL == dp) \/\/ \u6253\u5f00\u5931\u8d25\u5904\u7406
\n {
\n perror("fail to opendir"); \/\/ \u6253\u5370\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f
\n printf("%s\\\\n", tmppath); \/\/ \u8f93\u51fa\u5931\u8d25\u8def\u5f84
\n return; \/\/ \u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de（\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u6539\u4e3a continue \u4ee5\u7ee7\u7eed\u5904\u7406\u5176\u4ed6\u76ee\u5f55）
\n }<\/p>\n

while (1) \/\/ \u5faa\u73af\u8bfb\u53d6\u76ee\u5f55\u6761\u76ee
\n {
\n pp = readdir(dp); \/\/ \u8bfb\u53d6\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u6761\u76ee
\n if (NULL == pp) \/\/ \u5982\u679c\u6761\u76ee\u4e3a\u7a7a（\u904d\u5386\u5b8c\u6bd5）
\n {
\n break; \/\/ \u9000\u51fa\u5faa\u73af
\n }<\/p>\n

if ('.' == pp->d_name[0]) \/\/ \u8df3\u8fc7\u9690\u85cf\u6587\u4ef6（\u4ee5 . \u5f00\u5934）
\n {
\n continue;
\n }<\/p>\n

sprintf(filepath, "%s\/%s", tmppath, pp->d_name); \/\/ \u62fc\u63a5\u5b8c\u6574\u8def\u5f84
\n printf("%s\\\\n", filepath); \/\/ \u6253\u5370\u8def\u5f84<\/p>\n

if (pp->d_type == DT_DIR) \/\/ \u5982\u679c\u662f\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55
\n {
\n enter_linkqueue(plinkqueue, filepath); \/\/ \u5c06\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55\u8def\u5f84\u5165\u961f
\n }
\n }
\n closedir(dp); \/\/ \u5173\u95ed\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u6d41（\u539f\u4ee3\u7801\u9057\u6f0f，\u9700\u8865\u5145）
\n }<\/p>\n

destroy_linkqueue(&plinkqueue); \/\/ \u9500\u6bc1\u961f\u5217\u91ca\u653e\u5185\u5b58
\n return; \/\/ \u51fd\u6570\u7ed3\u675f
\n}<\/p>\n

int main(void)
\n{
\n listdir("\/home\/linux"); \/\/ \u4ece \/home\/linux \u5f00\u59cb\u904d\u5386\u76ee\u5f55
\n return 0; \/\/ \u7a0b\u5e8f\u6b63\u5e38\u9000\u51fa
\n}<\/p>\n

\u5747\u53ef\u5b9e\u73b0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6548\u679c：<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

4.2.5chdir\u5207\u6362\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u8def\u5f84<\/h4>\n

\u539f\u578b：int chdir(const char *path);
\n\u529f\u80fd：
\n \u5207\u6362\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u8def\u5f84
\n\u53c2\u6570：
\n path：\u8981\u5207\u6362\u7684\u8def\u5f84
\n\u8fd4\u56de\u503c：
\n \u6210\u529f\u8fd4\u56de0
\n \u5931\u8d25\u8fd4\u56de-1<\/p>\n

4.2.6mkdir\u521b\u5efa\u76ee\u5f55\u6587\u4ef6<\/h4>\n

\u539f\u578b：int mkdir(const char *pathname, mode_t mode);
\n\u529f\u80fd：
\n \u521b\u5efa\u76ee\u5f55\u6587\u4ef6
\nr：\u8bfb\u6743\u9650，\u51b3\u5b9a\u7528\u6237\u662f\u5426\u80fd\u591f\u67e5\u770b\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\u540d
\nw：\u5199\u6743\u9650，\u51b3\u5b9a\u7528\u6237\u662f\u5426\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u65b0\u5efa\u6587\u4ef6
\nx：\u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650，\u51b3\u5b9a\u7528\u6237\u662f\u5426\u80fd\u591f\u8fdb\u5165\u76ee\u5f55<\/p>\n

4.2.7rmdir\u5220\u9664\u76ee\u5f55\u6587\u4ef6<\/h4>\n

\u539f\u578b：int rmdir(const char *pathname);
\n\u529f\u80fd：
\n \u5220\u9664\u76ee\u5f55\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n

5.\u65f6\u95f4\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u63a5\u53e3<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n

5.1\u65f6\u95f4\u7c7b\u578b\u5206\u7c7b<\/h3>\n

5.2\u51fd\u6570\u63a5\u53e3<\/h3>\n

5.2.1time<\/h4>\n

\u539f\u578b：time_t time(time_t *tloc);
\n\u529f\u80fd：
\n \u8fd4\u56de1970-1-1\u65e5\u5230\u73b0\u5728\u7684\u79d2\u6570
\n\u53c2\u6570：
\n \u5b58\u653e\u79d2\u6570\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u9996\u5730\u5740
\n\u8fd4\u56de\u503c：
\n \u6210\u529f\u8fd4\u56de\u79d2\u6570
\n \u5931\u8d25\u8fd4\u56de-1<\/p>\n

5.2.2localtime<\/h4>\n

\u539f\u578b：struct tm *localtime(const time_t *timep);
\n\u529f\u80fd：
\n \u5c06\u79d2\u6570\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u65f6\u95f4
\n\u53c2\u6570：
\n timep:1970-1-1\u5230\u73b0\u5728\u7684\u79d2\u6570
\n\u8fd4\u56de\u503c：
\n \u6210\u529f\u8fd4\u56de\u5305\u542b\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u6307\u9488
\n \u5931\u8d25\u8fd4\u56deNULL<\/p>\n

struct tm {
\n int tm_sec; \/* Seconds (0-60) *\/
\n int tm_min; \/* Minutes (0-59) *\/
\n int tm_hour; \/* Hours (0-23) *\/
\n int tm_mday; \/* Day of the month (1-31) *\/
\n int tm_mon; \/* Month (0-11) *\/
\n int tm_year; \/* Year – 1900 *\/
\n int tm_wday; \/* Day of the week (0-6, Sunday = 0) *\/
\n int tm_yday; \/* Day in the year (0-365, 1 Jan = 0) *\/
\n int tm_isdst; \/* Daylight saving time *\/
\n };<\/p>\n

5.2.3mktime<\/h4>\n

\u539f\u578b：time_t mktime(struct tm *tm);
\n\u529f\u80fd：
\n\u5c06\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u65f6\u95f4\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3atime_t\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u65f6\u95f4
\n\u53c2\u6570：
\ntm:\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u9996\u5730\u5740
\n\u8fd4\u56de\u503c：
\n\u6210\u529f\u8fd4\u56detime_t\u65f6\u95f4
\n\u5931\u8d25\u8fd4\u56de-1 <\/p>\n

5.2.4ctime<\/h4>\n

\u539f\u578b：char *ctime(const time_t *timep);
\n\u529f\u80fd：
\n\u5c06time_t\u65f6\u95f4\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u65f6\u95f4<\/p>\n

\u5e94\u7528：<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

#include "head.h"<\/p>\n

int main(void)
\n{
\n time_t t;
\n time_t ret;
\n struct tm *ptm = NULL;
\n char *pstr = NULL;<\/p>\n

\/\/ time(&t);
\n t = time(NULL);
\n printf("t = %ld\\\\n", t);<\/p>\n

ptm = localtime(&t);
\n printf("%04d-%02d-%02d %02d:%02d:%02d\\\\n", ptm->tm_year+1900, ptm->tm_mon+1, ptm->tm_mday,
\n ptm->tm_hour, ptm->tm_min, ptm->tm_sec);<\/p>\n

ret = mktime(ptm);
\n printf("ret = %ld\\\\n", ret);<\/p>\n

pstr = ctime(&ret);
\n printf("pstr = %s\\\\n", pstr);<\/p>\n

return 0;
\n}<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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