{"id":56370,"date":"2025-08-14T17:54:50","date_gmt":"2025-08-14T09:54:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/56370.html"},"modified":"2025-08-14T17:54:50","modified_gmt":"2025-08-14T09:54:50","slug":"%e6%b7%b1%e5%85%a5%e8%a7%a3%e6%9e%90java-arraylist%ef%bc%9a%e5%8a%a8%e6%80%81%e6%95%b0%e7%bb%84%e7%9a%84%e5%ae%9e%e7%8e%b0%e4%b8%8e%e6%9c%80%e4%bd%b3%e5%ae%9e%e8%b7%b5","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/56370.html","title":{"rendered":"\u6df1\u5165\u89e3\u6790Java ArrayList\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e0e\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5"},"content":{"rendered":"<h4><\/h4>\n<p>\u4f5c\u4e3aJava\u96c6\u5408\u6846\u67b6\u4e2d\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u5bb9\u5668&#xff0c;ArrayList\u00a0\u51ed\u501f\u5176\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u968f\u673a\u8bbf\u95ee\u7279\u6027\u6210\u4e3a\u5f00\u53d1\u9996\u9009\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u63ed\u5f00\u5176\u52a8\u6001\u6269\u5bb9\u7684\u9b54\u6cd5&#xff0c;\u5206\u6790\u6027\u80fd\u74f6\u9888&#xff0c;\u5e76\u603b\u7ed3\u907f\u5751\u6307\u5357\u3002<\/p>\n<h5>\u4e00\u3001ArrayList \u7684\u672c\u8d28<\/h5>\n<p>ArrayList\u00a0\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u52a8\u6001\u6570\u7ec4\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u00a0List\u00a0\u63a5\u53e3&#xff0c;\u5176\u6838\u5fc3\u7279\u5f81&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u2705 \u652f\u6301\u968f\u673a\u8bbf\u95ee&#xff08;get(index)\u00a0\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 \u200bO(1)\u200b&#xff09;<\/li>\n<li>\u2705 \u81ea\u52a8\u6269\u5bb9&#xff08;\u521d\u59cb\u5bb9\u91cf10&#xff0c;\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6269\u5bb91.5\u500d&#xff09;<\/li>\n<li>\u274c \u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168&#xff08;\u5e76\u53d1\u4fee\u6539\u4f1a\u629b\u00a0ConcurrentModificationException&#xff09;<\/li>\n<li>\u26a0\ufe0f \u63d2\u5165\/\u5220\u9664\u6548\u7387\u4f9d\u8d56\u4f4d\u7f6e&#xff08;\u5c3e\u90e8\u64cd\u4f5cO(1)&#xff0c;\u5934\u90e8O(n)&#xff09;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5>\u4e8c\u3001\u5e95\u5c42\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u52a8\u6001\u6269\u5bb9<\/h5>\n<h6>1. \u6838\u5fc3\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784<\/h6>\n<p>\/\/ \u7b80\u5316\u7248\u6e90\u7801\u5b9e\u73b0<br \/>\npublic class ArrayList&lt;E&gt; {<br \/>\n    transient Object[] elementData; \/\/ \u5b9e\u9645\u5b58\u50a8\u6570\u636e\u7684\u6570\u7ec4<br \/>\n    private int size; \/\/ \u5f53\u524d\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf<br \/>\n}<\/p>\n<h6>2. \u6269\u5bb9\u673a\u5236\u8be6\u89e3<\/h6>\n<p>\u200b\u89e6\u53d1\u6761\u4ef6\u200b&#xff1a;\u5f53size &#043; 1 &gt; elementData.length\u65f6<br \/>\n\u200b\u6269\u5bb9\u516c\u5f0f\u200b&#xff1a;newCapacity &#061; oldCapacity &#043; (oldCapacity &gt;&gt; 1)\u00a0\/\/ 1.5\u500d<br \/>\n\u200b\u6269\u5bb9\u6b65\u9aa4\u200b&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<li>\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u6570\u7ec4&#xff1a;Object[] newArray &#061; new Object[newCapacity]<\/li>\n<li>\u6570\u636e\u8fc1\u79fb&#xff1a;System.arraycopy(oldArray, 0, newArray, 0, size)<\/li>\n<li>\u66ff\u6362\u5f15\u7528&#xff1a;elementData &#061; newArray<\/li>\n<p>\u793a\u4f8b&#xff1a;\u521d\u59cb\u5bb9\u91cf10 \u2192 15 \u2192 22 \u2192 33 \u2192 49&#8230;&#xff08;\u6307\u6570\u7ea7\u589e\u957f&#xff09;<\/p>\n<h6>3. \u5173\u952e\u53c2\u6570<\/h6>\n<table>\n<tr>\u53c2\u6570\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u8bf4\u660e<\/tr>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u521d\u59cb\u5bb9\u91cf<\/td>\n<td>10<\/td>\n<td>\u7a7a\u53c2\u6784\u9020\u65f6\u521d\u59cb\u5bb9\u91cf<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u6700\u5927\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6<\/td>\n<td>Integer.MAX_VALUE &#8211; 8<\/td>\n<td>\u865a\u62df\u673a\u6570\u7ec4\u5934\u4fe1\u606f\u4fdd\u7559\u7a7a\u95f4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u6269\u5bb9\u56e0\u5b50<\/td>\n<td>1.5x<\/td>\n<td>JDK 8&#043;\u56fa\u5b9a\u89c4\u5219<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h5>\u4e09\u3001\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e0e\u6027\u80fd\u5bf9\u6bd4<\/h5>\n<table>\n<tr>\u64cd\u4f5cArrayListLinkedList<\/tr>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>get(index)<\/td>\n<td>\u200bO(1)\u200b\u200b<\/td>\n<td>O(n)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>add(\u5c3e\u90e8)<\/td>\n<td>\u200bO(1)\u200b\u200b<\/td>\n<td>O(1)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>add(\u4efb\u610f\u4f4d\u7f6e)<\/td>\n<td>O(n)<\/td>\n<td>O(1)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>remove(index)<\/td>\n<td>O(n)<\/td>\n<td>O(1)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u5185\u5b58\u5360\u7528<\/td>\n<td>\u4f4e&#xff08;\u4ec5\u6570\u7ec4&#xff09;<\/td>\n<td>\u9ad8&#xff08;\u8282\u70b9&#043;\u6307\u9488&#xff09;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u200bArrayList\u9002\u7528\u573a\u666f\u200b&#xff1a;\u9891\u7e41\u968f\u673a\u8bbf\u95ee\u3001\u5c3e\u90e8\u589e\u5220<br \/>\n\u200bLinkedList\u9002\u7528\u573a\u666f\u200b&#xff1a;\u9891\u7e41\u5728\u4efb\u610f\u4f4d\u7f6e\u63d2\u5165\/\u5220\u9664<\/p>\n<h5>\u56db\u3001\u5b9e\u6218\u9677\u9631\u4e0e\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5<\/h5>\n<h6>\u26a0\ufe0f \u9677\u96311&#xff1a;\u5e76\u53d1\u4fee\u6539\u5f02\u5e38<\/h6>\n<p>\/\/ \u9519\u8bef\u793a\u4f8b&#xff1a;\u904d\u5386\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20<br \/>\nList&lt;String&gt; list &#061; new ArrayList&lt;&gt;(Arrays.asList(&#034;A&#034;, &#034;B&#034;, &#034;C&#034;));<br \/>\nfor (String s : list) {<br \/>\n    if (&#034;B&#034;.equals(s)) list.remove(s); \/\/ \u629b\u51faConcurrentModificationException<br \/>\n}<\/p>\n<p>\/\/ \u6b63\u786e\u505a\u6cd51&#xff1a;\u4f7f\u7528Iterator.remove()<br \/>\nIterator&lt;String&gt; it &#061; list.iterator();<br \/>\nwhile (it.hasNext()) {<br \/>\n    if (&#034;B&#034;.equals(it.next())) it.remove(); \/\/ \u5b89\u5168\u5220\u9664<br \/>\n}<\/p>\n<p>\/\/ \u6b63\u786e\u505a\u6cd52&#xff1a;Java 8&#043; removeIf()<br \/>\nlist.removeIf(s -&gt; &#034;B&#034;.equals(s));<\/p>\n<h6>\u26a0\ufe0f \u9677\u96312&#xff1a;\u6279\u91cf\u63d2\u5165\u672a\u9884\u5206\u914d\u7a7a\u95f4<\/h6>\n<p>\/\/ \u4f4e\u6548\u505a\u6cd5&#xff1a;\u53cd\u590d\u6269\u5bb9<br \/>\nList&lt;Integer&gt; list &#061; new ArrayList&lt;&gt;();<br \/>\nfor (int i &#061; 0; i &lt; 100_000; i&#043;&#043;) {<br \/>\n    list.add(i); \/\/ \u53ef\u80fd\u89e6\u53d1\u591a\u6b21\u6269\u5bb9<br \/>\n}<\/p>\n<p>\/\/ \u9ad8\u6548\u65b9\u6848&#xff1a;\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6307\u5b9a\u5bb9\u91cf<br \/>\nList&lt;Integer&gt; list &#061; new ArrayList&lt;&gt;(100_000); \/\/ \u4e00\u6b21\u5206\u914d\u8db3\u591f\u7a7a\u95f4<\/p>\n<h6>\u26a0\ufe0f \u9677\u96313&#xff1a;\u4f7f\u7528subList\u5f15\u53d1\u6570\u636e\u5171\u4eab<\/h6>\n<p>List&lt;Integer&gt; mainList &#061; new ArrayList&lt;&gt;(Arrays.asList(1,2,3));<br \/>\nList&lt;Integer&gt; sub &#061; mainList.subList(0, 2); \/\/ \u5171\u4eab\u540c\u4e00\u6570\u7ec4<\/p>\n<p>sub.set(0, 99); \/\/ \u4fee\u6539subList<br \/>\nSystem.out.println(mainList); \/\/ \u8f93\u51fa[99, 2, 3]&#xff01;\u5f71\u54cd\u539f\u96c6\u5408<\/p>\n<p>\/\/ \u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848&#xff1a;\u9700\u8981\u72ec\u7acb\u62f7\u8d1d<br \/>\nList&lt;Integer&gt; safeCopy &#061; new ArrayList&lt;&gt;(mainList.subList(0, 2));<\/p>\n<h5>\u4e94\u3001\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5b89\u5168\u66ff\u4ee3\u65b9\u6848<\/h5>\n<table>\n<tr>\u9700\u6c42\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u7279\u70b9<\/tr>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u8bfb\u591a\u5199\u5c11<\/td>\n<td>Collections.synchronizedList<\/td>\n<td>\u65b9\u6cd5\u7ea7synchronized\u9501&#xff0c;\u5199\u6027\u80fd\u5dee<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u5199<\/td>\n<td>CopyOnWriteArrayList<\/td>\n<td>\u5199\u65f6\u590d\u5236&#xff0c;\u8bfb\u65e0\u9501&#xff0c;\u9002\u5408\u76d1\u542c\u5668\u5217\u8868<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u5e76\u53d1<\/td>\n<td>\u5916\u90e8\u52a0\u9501 &#043; ArrayList<\/td>\n<td>\u9700\u81ea\u884c\u63a7\u5236\u9501\u7c92\u5ea6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h5>\u516d\u3001\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u6280\u5de7<\/h5>\n<li>\n<p>\u200b\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6307\u5b9a\u5bb9\u91cf\u200b<br \/>\nnew ArrayList&lt;&gt;(initialCapacity)\u00a0\u907f\u514d\u591a\u6b21\u6269\u5bb9\u62f7\u8d1d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u200b\u6279\u91cf\u6dfb\u52a0\u4f7f\u7528addAll()\u200b\u200b<br \/>\n\u4f18\u5148\u4f7f\u7528addAll(Collections)\u66ff\u4ee3\u5faa\u73af\u6dfb\u52a0&#xff0c;\u51cf\u5c11\u6269\u5bb9\u6b21\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u200b\u907f\u514d\u5728\u4e2d\u95f4\u4f4d\u7f6e\u63d2\u5165\u200b<br \/>\n\u82e5\u9700\u9891\u7e41\u5728\u5934\u90e8\u63d2\u5165&#xff0c;\u8003\u8651\u6539\u7528LinkedList\u6216ArrayDeque\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u200btrimToSize\u91ca\u653e\u591a\u4f59\u7a7a\u95f4\u200b<br \/>\n\u5217\u8868\u5b9a\u578b\u540e\u8c03\u7528list.trimToSize()&#xff0c;\u91ca\u653e\u7a7a\u7f6e\u6570\u7ec4\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<h5>\u4e03\u3001\u4e0eVector\u7684\u5bf9\u6bd4<\/h5>\n<table>\n<tr>ArrayListVector<\/tr>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5b89\u5168<\/td>\n<td>\u274c<\/td>\n<td>\u2705&#xff08;\u65b9\u6cd5\u7ea7\u540c\u6b65\u9501&#xff09;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u6269\u5bb9\u56e0\u5b50<\/td>\n<td>1.5x<\/td>\n<td>2x&#xff08;\u53ef\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49&#xff09;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u6027\u80fd<\/td>\n<td>\u66f4\u9ad8<\/td>\n<td>\u8f83\u4f4e&#xff08;\u9501\u5f00\u9500&#xff09;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u9057\u7559\u95ee\u9898<\/td>\n<td>\u65e0<\/td>\n<td>\u679a\u4e3e\u904d\u5386\u7b49\u8fc7\u65f6\u65b9\u6cd5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u73b0\u4ee3\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2dVector\u5df2\u5f03\u7528&#xff0c;\u82e5\u9700\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5b89\u5168\u63a8\u8350CopyOnWriteArrayList\u6216\u624b\u52a8\u540c\u6b65\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h4 style=\"background-color:transparent\">\u603b\u7ed3<\/h4>\n<p>ArrayList\u662fJava\u4e2d\u6700\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u8bbf\u95ee\u7ed3\u6784&#xff0c;\u4f46\u9700\u7262\u8bb0&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>&#x1f539; \u200b\u9884\u4f30\u5bb9\u91cf\u200b&#xff1a;\u5927\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u65f6\u6307\u5b9a\u521d\u59cb\u5bb9\u91cf\u907f\u514d\u6269\u5bb9\u635f\u8017<\/li>\n<li>&#x1f539; \u200b\u614e\u7528\u904d\u5386\u5220\u9664\u200b&#xff1a;\u5fc5\u987b\u4f7f\u7528Iterator\u6216removeIf()<\/li>\n<li>&#x1f539; \u200b\u8b66\u60d5subList\u200b&#xff1a;\u4fee\u6539\u5b50\u5217\u8868\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u539f\u96c6\u5408<\/li>\n<li>&#x1f539; \u200b\u9009\u5bf9\u96c6\u5408\u7c7b\u578b\u200b&#xff1a;\u6839\u636e\u64cd\u4f5c\u4f4d\u7f6e\u9009\u62e9ArrayList\/LinkedList<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u200b\u601d\u8003\u9898\u200b&#xff1a;<br \/>\n\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u00a0Arrays.asList()\u00a0\u8fd4\u56de\u7684 &#034;ArrayList&#034; 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