{"id":56261,"date":"2025-08-14T15:54:28","date_gmt":"2025-08-14T07:54:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/56261.html"},"modified":"2025-08-14T15:54:28","modified_gmt":"2025-08-14T07:54:28","slug":"%e5%9c%a8-c-%ef%bc%9ax86%ef%bc%8832-%e4%bd%8d%ef%bc%89%e5%92%8c-x64%ef%bc%8864-%e4%bd%8d%ef%bc%89%e7%9a%84%e4%b8%8d%e5%90%8c","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/56261.html","title":{"rendered":"\u5728 C++ \uff1ax86\uff0832 \u4f4d\uff09\u548c x64\uff0864 \u4f4d\uff09\u7684\u4e0d\u540c"},"content":{"rendered":"

1. \u6307\u9488\u5927\u5c0f\u4e0d\u540c<\/h3>\n\n\u7c7b\u578bx86\u00a0(32-bit)x64\u00a0(64-bit)<\/tr>\n\n\n\n
\u6307\u9488 (void*,\u00a0char*\u00a0\u7b49)<\/td>\n4 \u5b57\u8282<\/td>\n8 \u5b57\u8282<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
size_t（sizeof\u00a0\u8fd4\u56de\u503c）<\/td>\n4 \u5b57\u8282<\/td>\n8 \u5b57\u8282<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740：<\/p>\n

    \n
  • \n

    std::string\u3001std::vector\u00a0\u7b49\u5bb9\u5668\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u6307\u9488（\u5982\u6570\u636e\u6307\u9488\u3001\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668）\u5728\u00a0x64\u00a0\u4e0b\u5360\u7528\u00a08 \u5b57\u8282，\u800c\u5728\u00a0x86\u00a0\u4e0b\u662f\u00a04 \u5b57\u8282\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    \u5185\u5b58\u5bfb\u5740\u80fd\u529b：<\/p>\n

      \n
    • \n

      x86\u00a0\u6700\u5927\u652f\u6301\u00a04GB（\u7406\u8bba 2\u00b3\u00b2 = 4GB）\u00a0\u5185\u5b58\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    • \n

      x64\u00a0\u652f\u6301\u00a016EB（2\u2076\u2074）\u00a0\u5185\u5b58（\u5b9e\u9645\u53d7\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u9650\u5236）\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      \n

      2.\u00a0std::string\u00a0\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u4e0d\u540c<\/h3>\n

      \u4e0d\u540c\u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u5b9e\u73b0（libstdc++\u3001libc++\u3001MSVC STL）\u5728\u00a0x86\u00a0\u548c\u00a0x64\u00a0\u4e0b\u7684\u00a0sizeof(std::string)\u00a0\u4e0d\u540c：<\/p>\n\n\u5b9e\u73b0x86\u00a0(32-bit)x64\u00a0(64-bit)<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n
      GCC (libstdc++)<\/td>\n12-16 \u5b57\u8282<\/td>\n32 \u5b57\u8282<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Clang (libc++)<\/td>\n12 \u5b57\u8282<\/td>\n24 \u5b57\u8282<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      MSVC (Release)<\/td>\n28 \u5b57\u8282<\/td>\n32 \u5b57\u8282<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      MSVC (Debug)<\/td>\n32-40 \u5b57\u8282<\/td>\n40+ \u5b57\u8282<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

      \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u00a0x64\u00a0\u7684\u00a0std::string\u00a0\u66f4\u5927？<\/h4>\n
        \n
      • \n

        \u6307\u9488\u548c\u00a0size_t\u00a0\u53d8\u5927（8 \u5b57\u8282 vs 4 \u5b57\u8282）\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

      • \n

        \u77ed\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4f18\u5316（SSO）\u7684\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u53ef\u80fd\u66f4\u5927（x64\u00a0\u4e0b\u53ef\u5b58\u66f4\u591a\u77ed\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32）\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        \n

        3. \u5185\u5b58\u5bf9\u9f50\u4e0d\u540c<\/h3>\n
          \n
        • \n

          x86\u00a0\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5bf9\u9f50\u65b9\u5f0f\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u00a04 \u5b57\u8282\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

        • \n

          x64\u00a0\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5bf9\u9f50\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\u00a08 \u5b57\u8282（\u67d0\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u53ef\u80fd\u662f 16 \u5b57\u8282，\u5982 SSE \u6307\u4ee4\u4f18\u5316）\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          \u8fd9\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\/\u7c7b\u7684\u00a0sizeof\u00a0\u5927\u5c0f：<\/p>\n

          cpp<\/p>\n

          struct Example {
          \n char c; \/\/ 1 \u5b57\u8282
          \n int i; \/\/ 4 \u5b57\u8282
          \n void* ptr; \/\/ 4 \u5b57\u8282（x86）\u6216 8 \u5b57\u8282（x64）
          \n};<\/p>\n\n\u73af\u5883sizeof(Example)\u539f\u56e0<\/tr>\n\n\n\n
          x86<\/td>\n12 \u5b57\u8282<\/td>\nchar\u00a0+ 3 \u586b\u5145 +\u00a0int\u00a0+\u00a0void*<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          x64<\/td>\n16 \u5b57\u8282<\/td>\nchar\u00a0+ 7 \u586b\u5145 +\u00a0int\u00a0+\u00a0void*<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
          \n

          4. \u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u7ea6\u5b9a\u4e0d\u540c<\/h3>\n\n\u8c03\u7528\u7ea6\u5b9ax86\u00a0(32-bit)x64\u00a0(64-bit)<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n
          \u9ed8\u8ba4\u8c03\u7528\u7ea6\u5b9a<\/td>\n__cdecl\u00a0\/\u00a0__stdcall<\/td>\n__fastcall（\u524d 4 \u53c2\u6570\u7528\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668）<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          \u53c2\u6570\u4f20\u9012<\/td>\n\u6808（stack）<\/td>\n\u524d 4 \u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u7528\u00a0RCX, RDX, R8, R9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          \u6808\u5bf9\u9f50<\/td>\n4 \u5b57\u8282<\/td>\n16 \u5b57\u8282<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

          \u8fd9\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd：<\/p>\n

            \n
          • \n

            \u51fd\u6570\u6307\u9488\u548c\u56de\u8c03（x64\u00a0\u66f4\u9ad8\u6548，\u4f46 ABI \u4e0d\u540c）\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

          • \n

            \u5185\u8054\u6c47\u7f16（x86\u00a0\u548c\u00a0x64\u00a0\u7684\u6c47\u7f16\u6307\u4ee4\u4e0d\u540c）\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

            \n

            5. \u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u5bb9\u5668（std::vector,\u00a0std::map\u00a0\u7b49）\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u5360\u7528<\/h3>\n

            \u7531\u4e8e\u6307\u9488\u548c\u00a0size_t\u00a0\u53d8\u5927，x64\u00a0\u4e0b\u7684\u5bb9\u5668\u901a\u5e38\u5360\u7528\u66f4\u591a\u5185\u5b58：<\/p>\n\n\u5bb9\u5668x86\u00a0(32-bit)x64\u00a0(64-bit)<\/tr>\n\n\n\n
            std::vector<int><\/td>\n12 \u5b57\u8282（3\u00d7\u6307\u9488）<\/td>\n24 \u5b57\u8282（3\u00d78 \u5b57\u8282）<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            std::map<int, int><\/td>\n16 \u5b57\u8282（RB-tree \u8282\u70b9）<\/td>\n32 \u5b57\u8282（\u8282\u70b9\u66f4\u5927）<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
            \n

            6. \u6027\u80fd\u5dee\u5f02<\/h3>\n\n\u65b9\u9762x86\u00a0(32-bit)x64\u00a0(64-bit)<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n
            \u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u6570\u91cf<\/td>\n8 \u4e2a\u901a\u7528\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668<\/td>\n16 \u4e2a\u901a\u7528\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            SIMD \u4f18\u5316<\/td>\nSSE（128-bit）<\/td>\nAVX\/AVX2（256-bit）<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            \u5185\u5b58\u9650\u5236<\/td>\n\u22644GB（\u901a\u5e38 2GB \u7528\u6237\u6001）<\/td>\n\u6781\u5927（TB \u7ea7）<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            \u4ee3\u7801\u4f18\u5316<\/td>\n\u8f83\u5c11\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668，\u66f4\u591a\u6808\u64cd\u4f5c<\/td>\n\u66f4\u591a\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668，\u66f4\u5feb\u8ba1\u7b97<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
              \n
            • \n

              x64\u00a0\u901a\u5e38\u66f4\u5feb（\u66f4\u591a\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668，\u66f4\u597d\u7684 SIMD \u652f\u6301）\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

            • \n

              x86\u00a0\u5185\u5b58\u5360\u7528\u66f4\u5c0f（\u9002\u5408\u5d4c\u5165\u5f0f\u6216\u65e7\u8bbe\u5907）\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

              \n

              \u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n\n\u7279\u6027x86\u00a0(32-bit)x64\u00a0(64-bit)<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
              \u6307\u9488\u5927\u5c0f<\/td>\n4 \u5b57\u8282<\/td>\n8 \u5b57\u8282<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
              size_t<\/td>\n4 \u5b57\u8282<\/td>\n8 \u5b57\u8282<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
              std::string\u00a0\u5927\u5c0f<\/td>\n12-28 \u5b57\u8282<\/td>\n24-40 \u5b57\u8282<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
              \u5185\u5b58\u5bf9\u9f50<\/td>\n4 \u5b57\u8282<\/td>\n8\/16 \u5b57\u8282<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
              \u8c03\u7528\u7ea6\u5b9a<\/td>\n__cdecl<\/td>\n__fastcall<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
              \u5bb9\u5668\u5185\u5b58\u5360\u7528<\/td>\n\u8f83\u5c0f<\/td>\n\u8f83\u5927<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
              \u6027\u80fd<\/td>\n\u8f83\u6162（\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u5c11）<\/td>\n\u66f4\u5feb（\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u591a）<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

              \u5982\u4f55\u9009\u62e9？<\/h4>\n
                \n
              • \n

                x64：\u73b0\u4ee3\u5e94\u7528，\u9700\u8981\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u3001\u5927\u5185\u5b58\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

              • \n

                x86：\u65e7\u8bbe\u5907\u3001\u5d4c\u5165\u5f0f\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001\u517c\u5bb9\u6027\u8981\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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