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\u53c2\u6570\u9ad8\u6548\u5fae\u8c03\u7c7b\u9762\u8bd5\u9898<\/h3>\n

LoRA \u662f\u4ec0\u4e48<\/h4>\n

LoRA，\u5373 Low-Rank Adaptation of Large Language Models ，\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5728\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u5fae\u8c03\u4e2d\u6781\u5177\u521b\u65b0\u6027\u7684\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7\u53c2\u6570\u9ad8\u6548\u5fae\u8c03（PEFT）\u6280\u672f，\u5b83\u5c31\u50cf\u662f\u7ed9\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u8fd9\u4f4d \u201c\u5de8\u4eba\u201d \u914d\u5907\u4e86\u4e00\u526f \u201c\u8f7b\u5de7\u7684\u88c5\u5907\u201d，\u8ba9\u5176\u5728\u9002\u5e94\u7279\u5b9a\u4efb\u52a1\u65f6\u80fd\u591f\u66f4\u52a0\u9ad8\u6548\u7075\u6d3b \u3002\u968f\u7740\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u89c4\u6a21\u4e0d\u65ad\u6269\u5927，\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u5168\u53c2\u6570\u5fae\u8c03\u65b9\u6cd5\u9762\u4e34\u7740\u8ba1\u7b97\u8d44\u6e90\u6d88\u8017\u5de8\u5927\u3001\u8bad\u7ec3\u65f6\u95f4\u6f2b\u957f\u7b49\u95ee\u9898，\u800c LoRA \u7684\u51fa\u73b0，\u6709\u6548\u5730\u89e3\u51b3\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\u96be\u9898 \u3002<\/p>\n

LoRA \u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u601d\u60f3\u57fa\u4e8e\u4f4e\u79e9\u5206\u89e3\u539f\u7406 \u3002\u5728\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d，Transformer \u67b6\u6784\u7684\u6743\u91cd\u77e9\u9635\u901a\u5e38\u5177\u6709\u8f83\u9ad8\u7684\u7ef4\u5ea6，\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u53c2\u6570 \u3002LoRA \u5047\u8bbe\u5728\u6a21\u578b\u9002\u5e94\u7279\u5b9a\u4efb\u52a1\u65f6，\u6743\u91cd\u77e9\u9635\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4f4e\u79e9\u77e9\u9635\u6765\u8fd1\u4f3c\u8868\u793a \u3002\u5177\u4f53\u6765\u8bf4，\u5b83\u5728\u51bb\u7ed3\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u6a21\u578b\u6743\u91cd\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a，\u5728 Transformer \u67b6\u6784\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u5c42\u4e2d\u6ce8\u5165\u4e24\u4e2a\u53ef\u8bad\u7ec3\u7684\u4f4e\u79e9\u77e9\u9635（A \u548c B） \u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f，\u539f\u672c\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u65b0\u7684\u5927\u91cf\u53c2\u6570，\u73b0\u5728\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u65b0\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u4f4e\u79e9\u77e9\u9635\u4e2d\u7684\u5c11\u91cf\u53c2\u6570，\u4ece\u800c\u6781\u5927\u5730\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u53ef\u8bad\u7ec3\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u6570\u91cf \u3002\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u62e5\u6709\u6570\u5341\u4ebf\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u5927\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d，\u4f20\u7edf\u5168\u53c2\u6570\u5fae\u8c03\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u65b0\u6240\u6709\u53c2\u6570，\u800c\u4f7f\u7528 LoRA \u6280\u672f，\u53ef\u8bad\u7ec3\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u53ef\u80fd\u4ec5\u5360\u539f\u6765\u7684 0.1% – 1% ，\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u5728\u6709\u9650\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u8d44\u6e90\u4e0b\u8fdb\u884c\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u5fae\u8c03\u6210\u4e3a\u53ef\u80fd \u3002<\/p>\n

LoRA \u5728\u63a8\u7406\u65f6\u4e0d\u4f1a\u589e\u52a0\u989d\u5916\u7684\u5f00\u9500 \u3002\u5728\u63a8\u7406\u9636\u6bb5，LoRA \u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u5c06\u8bad\u7ec3\u597d\u7684\u4f4e\u79e9\u77e9\u9635\u4e0e\u539f\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u6743\u91cd\u5408\u5e76，\u4ece\u800c\u5b9e\u73b0\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u63a8\u7406 \u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740，\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d，\u4f7f\u7528 LoRA \u5fae\u8c03\u540e\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u901f\u5ea6\u4e0a\u4e0e\u539f\u6a21\u578b\u76f8\u5f53，\u4e0d\u4f1a\u56e0\u4e3a\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\u53c2\u6570\u800c\u5bfc\u81f4\u63a8\u7406\u901f\u5ea6\u53d8\u6162 \u3002 LoRA \u8fd8\u5177\u6709\u53ef\u63d2\u62d4\u6027，\u591a\u4e2a LoRA \u9002\u914d\u5668\u53ef\u4ee5\u968f\u65f6\u5207\u6362，\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e00\u6a21\u591a\u7528 \u3002\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u6a21\u578b\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u9700\u6c42，\u5feb\u901f\u5207\u6362\u5230\u76f8\u5e94\u7684 LoRA \u9002\u914d\u5668，\u5927\u5927\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u548c\u5b9e\u7528\u6027 \u3002<\/p>\n

LoRA \u4e0e\u5168\u53c2\u6570\u5fae\u8c03\u7684\u533a\u522b<\/h4>\n

LoRA \u4e0e\u5168\u53c2\u6570\u5fae\u8c03\u5728\u591a\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u5b58\u5728\u663e\u8457\u5dee\u5f02，\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5dee\u5f02\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\u5b83\u4eec\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u573a\u666f\u4e0b\u7684\u9002\u7528\u6027\u548c\u6548\u679c \u3002\u4ece\u8bad\u7ec3\u6210\u672c\u6765\u770b，\u5168\u53c2\u6570\u5fae\u8c03\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u6240\u6709\u53c2\u6570\u8fdb\u884c\u66f4\u65b0，\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u9700\u8981\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u8d44\u6e90\u548c\u65f6\u95f4 \u3002\u5728\u8bad\u7ec3\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d，\u9700\u8981\u5b58\u50a8\u548c\u8ba1\u7b97\u6240\u6709\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u68af\u5ea6，\u8fd9\u5bf9\u663e\u5b58\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u4e5f\u975e\u5e38\u9ad8 \u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f7f\u7528\u5168\u53c2\u6570\u5fae\u8c03\u8bad\u7ec3\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b，\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u914d\u5907\u9ad8\u7aef\u7684 GPU \u96c6\u7fa4，\u5e76\u4e14\u8bad\u7ec3\u65f6\u95f4\u53ef\u80fd\u957f\u8fbe\u6570\u5468\u751a\u81f3\u6570\u6708 \u3002<\/p>\n

\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e4b\u4e0b，LoRA \u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\u6210\u672c\u5219\u4f4e\u5f97\u591a \u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u5b83\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u8bad\u7ec3\u5c11\u91cf\u7684\u4f4e\u79e9\u77e9\u9635\u53c2\u6570，\u8ba1\u7b97\u8d44\u6e90\u548c\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u6d88\u8017\u5927\u5e45\u51cf\u5c11 \u3002\u5728\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u786c\u4ef6\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b，LoRA \u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\u901f\u5ea6\u901a\u5e38\u6bd4\u5168\u53c2\u6570\u5fae\u8c03\u5feb\u6570\u500d\u751a\u81f3\u6570\u5341\u500d \u3002\u540c\u65f6，\u7531\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u68af\u5ea6\u6570\u91cf\u5927\u5927\u51cf\u5c11，LoRA \u5bf9\u663e\u5b58\u7684\u5360\u7528\u4e5f\u5f88\u4f4e，\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u8d44\u6e90\u6709\u9650\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u4e0a，\u5982\u6d88\u8d39\u7ea7 GPU \u6216\u8fb9\u7f18\u8bbe\u5907，\u4e5f\u80fd\u591f\u8fdb\u884c\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u5fae\u8c03 \u3002\u4ece\u6a21\u578b\u6027\u80fd\u6765\u770b，\u5168\u53c2\u6570\u5fae\u8c03\u7531\u4e8e\u80fd\u591f\u5145\u5206\u5229\u7528\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u6240\u6709\u53c2\u6570\u8fdb\u884c\u8bad\u7ec3，\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fbe\u5230\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u6027\u80fd \u3002\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u5bf9\u6a21\u578b\u6027\u80fd\u8981\u6c42\u6781\u9ad8\u7684\u573a\u666f\u4e0b，\u5982\u590d\u6742\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u4efb\u52a1\u6216\u9ad8\u7cbe\u5ea6\u7684\u56fe\u50cf\u8bc6\u522b\u4efb\u52a1，\u5982\u679c\u6709\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u8d44\u6e90\u548c\u6570\u636e，\u5168\u53c2\u6570\u5fae\u8c03\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u53d6\u5f97\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u6548\u679c \u3002<\/p>\n

\u7136\u800c，LoRA \u867d\u7136\u5728\u53c2\u6570\u91cf\u548c\u8bad\u7ec3\u6210\u672c\u4e0a\u5177\u6709\u4f18\u52bf，\u4f46\u7531\u4e8e\u5b83\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u4f4e\u79e9\u77e9\u9635\u8fd1\u4f3c\u6765\u66f4\u65b0\u53c2\u6570，\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u635f\u5931\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u6027\u80fd \u3002\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u5904\u7406\u4e00\u4e9b\u590d\u6742\u4efb\u52a1\u65f6，\u4f4e\u79e9\u8fd1\u4f3c\u53ef\u80fd\u65e0\u6cd5\u5b8c\u5168\u6355\u6349\u5230\u4efb\u52a1\u6240\u9700\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u4fe1\u606f \u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7，\u5728\u8bb8\u591a\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d，LoRA \u4e0e\u5168\u53c2\u6570\u5fae\u8c03\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u5dee\u8ddd\u5e76\u4e0d\u660e\u663e \u3002\u7ecf\u8fc7\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u9a8c\u8bc1，\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u4efb\u52a1\u4e2d，\u5982\u6587\u672c\u5206\u7c7b\u3001\u60c5\u611f\u5206\u6790\u7b49，LoRA \u5fae\u8c03\u540e\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u4e0e\u5168\u53c2\u6570\u5fae\u8c03\u540e\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u5728\u51c6\u786e\u7387\u3001F1 \u503c\u7b49\u6307\u6807\u4e0a\u7684\u5dee\u8ddd\u5728\u53ef\u63a5\u53d7\u8303\u56f4\u5185 \u3002\u5728\u8d44\u6e90\u6709\u9650\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b，LoRA \u7684\u6027\u80fd\u8868\u73b0\u8db3\u4ee5\u6ee1\u8db3\u5927\u591a\u6570\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u9700\u6c42 \u3002<\/p>\n

\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u7c7b\u9762\u8bd5\u9898<\/h3>\n

\u533b\u7597\u9886\u57df\u5982\u4f55\u9009\u62e9\u5fae\u8c03\u6a21\u578b<\/h4>\n

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