{"id":55581,"date":"2025-08-14T00:54:27","date_gmt":"2025-08-13T16:54:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/55581.html"},"modified":"2025-08-14T00:54:27","modified_gmt":"2025-08-13T16:54:27","slug":"linux-%e7%b3%bb%e7%bb%9f%e4%b8%ad%e7%9a%84-etc-passwd%e6%96%87%e4%bb%b6%e7%89%87%e6%ae%b5","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/55581.html","title":{"rendered":"Linux \u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\/etc\/passwd\u6587\u4ef6\u7247\u6bb5"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u6bb5\/etc\/passwd\u6587\u4ef6\u7247\u6bb5<\/p>\n

\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u7cfb\u7edf\u7528\u6237\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u4fe1\u606f，\u6bcf\u884c\u4ee3\u8868\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u6237，\u5404\u5b57\u6bb5\u7528\u5192\u53f7（:）\u5206\u9694，\u5171 7 \u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5<\/p>\n

root:x:0:0:root:\/root:\/bin\/sh
\nbin:x:1:1:bin:\/bin:\/sbin\/nologin
\ndaemon:x:2:2:daemon:\/sbin:\/sbin\/nologin
\nlp:x:4:7:lp:\/var\/spool\/lpd:\/sbin\/nologin
\nsync:x:5:0:sync:\/sbin:\/bin\/sync
\nshutdown:x:6:0:shutdown:\/sbin:\/sbin\/shutdown
\nhalt:x:7:0:halt:\/sbin:\/sbin\/halt
\nmail:x:8:12:mail:\/var\/mail:\/sbin\/nologin
\nnews:x:9:13:news:\/usr\/lib\/news:\/sbin\/nologin
\nuucp:x:10:14:uucp:\/var\/spool\/uucppublic:\/sbin\/nologin
\ncron:x:16:16:cron:\/var\/spool\/cron:\/sbin\/nologin
\nftp:x:21:21::\/var\/lib\/ftp:\/sbin\/nologin
\nsshd:x:22:22:sshd:\/dev\/null:\/sbin\/nologin
\ngames:x:35:35:games:\/usr\/games:\/sbin\/nologin
\nntp:x:123:123:NTP:\/var\/empty:\/sbin\/nologin
\nguest:x:405:100:guest:\/dev\/null:\/sbin\/nologin
\nnobody:x:65534:65534:nobody:\/:\/sbin\/nologin
\nwww-data:x:82:82::\/home\/www-data:\/sbin\/nologin<\/p>\n\n\u5b57\u6bb5\u4f4d\u7f6e\u542b\u4e49\u8bf4\u660e<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
1<\/td>\n\u7528\u6237\u540d（\u767b\u5f55\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u540d\u79f0）<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2<\/td>\n\u5bc6\u7801\u5360\u4f4d\u7b26（x\u8868\u793a\u5bc6\u7801\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\/etc\/shadow\u4e2d，\u65e9\u671f\u7cfb\u7edf\u76f4\u63a5\u5b58\u50a8\u52a0\u5bc6\u5bc6\u7801）<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
3<\/td>\nUID（\u7528\u6237 ID，0 \u4e3a\u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237 root，1-999 \u4e3a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7528\u6237，1000 + \u4e3a\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237）<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
4<\/td>\nGID（\u7528\u6237\u6240\u5c5e\u4e3b\u7ec4\u7684 ID，\u5bf9\u5e94\/etc\/group\u4e2d\u7684\u7ec4）<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
5<\/td>\n\u6ce8\u91ca\u4fe1\u606f（\u53ef\u9009，\u901a\u5e38\u4e3a\u7528\u6237\u5168\u540d\u3001\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b49）<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
6<\/td>\n\u5bb6\u76ee\u5f55（\u7528\u6237\u767b\u5f55\u540e\u9ed8\u8ba4\u8fdb\u5165\u7684\u76ee\u5f55）<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
7<\/td>\n\u767b\u5f55 shell（\u7528\u6237\u767b\u5f55\u540e\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u89e3\u91ca\u5668，\/sbin\/nologin\u8868\u793a\u7981\u6b62\u767b\u5f55）<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u5bf9\u7247\u6bb5\u4e2d\u90e8\u5206\u7528\u6237\u7684\u8bf4\u660e：<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

    \n
  • root:x:0:0:root:\/root:\/bin\/sh：\u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237，UID \u548c GID \u5747\u4e3a 0，\u5bb6\u76ee\u5f55\u662f\/root，\u767b\u5f55 shell \u4e3a\/bin\/sh（\u53ef\u6b63\u5e38\u767b\u5f55）\u3002<\/li>\n
  • sync:x:5:0:sync:\/sbin:\/bin\/sync：\u7528\u4e8e\u6267\u884csync\u547d\u4ee4（\u5c06\u5185\u5b58\u6570\u636e\u540c\u6b65\u5230\u78c1\u76d8），\u767b\u5f55 shell \u4e3async，\u767b\u5f55\u540e\u4f1a\u6267\u884c\u8be5\u547d\u4ee4\u5e76\u9000\u51fa\u3002<\/li>\n
  • shutdown:x:6:0:shutdown:\/sbin:\/sbin\/shutdown\u3001halt:x:7:0:halt:\/sbin:\/sbin\/halt：\u5206\u522b\u7528\u4e8e\u6267\u884c\u5173\u673a\u548c\u505c\u673a\u547d\u4ee4，\u4ec5\u7279\u5b9a\u573a\u666f\u4e0b\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u591a\u6570\u7528\u6237（\u5982bin\u3001daemon\u3001mail\u3001sshd\u7b49）\u7684\u767b\u5f55 shell \u4e3a\/sbin\/nologin，\u8fd9\u4e9b\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u670d\u52a1\u7528\u6237，\u7528\u4e8e\u8fd0\u884c\u7279\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5e8f，\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f0f\u767b\u5f55，\u589e\u5f3a\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n
  • nobody:x:65534:65534:nobody:\/:\/sbin\/nologin：\u6743\u9650\u6700\u4f4e\u7684\u7528\u6237，\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u8fd0\u884c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7279\u6b8a\u6743\u9650\u7684\u670d\u52a1，\u964d\u4f4e\u5b89\u5168\u98ce\u9669\u3002<\/li>\n
  • www-data:x:82:82::\/home\/www-data:\/sbin\/nologin：\u5e38\u89c1\u4e8e Web \u670d\u52a1\u5668（\u5982 Nginx\u3001Apache）\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u7528\u6237，\u9650\u5236\u5176\u767b\u5f55\u4ee5\u4fdd\u969c Web \u670d\u52a1\u5b89\u5168\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    \/etc\/passwd\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u91cd\u8981\u6587\u4ef6，\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u8bfb，\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u53ef\u4fee\u6539，\u7528\u4e8e\u7ba1\u7406\u7528\u6237\u767b\u5f55\u6743\u9650\u548c\u57fa\u672c\u5c5e\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    \u6587\u7ae0\u6d4f\u89c8\u9605\u8bfb57\u6b21\u3002\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u91cd\u8981\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u8bfb\uff0c\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u53ef\u4fee\u6539\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u7ba1\u7406\u7528\u6237\u767b\u5f55\u6743\u9650\u548c\u57fa\u672c\u5c5e\u6027\u3002\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u7cfb\u7edf\u7528\u6237\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u6bcf\u884c\u4ee3\u8868\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u5404\u5b57\u6bb5\u7528\u5192\u53f7\uff08\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u6bb5\/etc\/passwd\u6587\u4ef6\u7247\u6bb5\u3002\uff09\u5206\u9694\uff0c\u5171 7 \u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[58,43,44],"topic":[],"class_list":["post-55581","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-server","tag-linux","tag-43","tag-44"],"yoast_head":"\nLinux \u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\/etc\/passwd\u6587\u4ef6\u7247\u6bb5 - \u7f51\u7855\u4e92\u8054\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2d\u5fc3<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/55581.html\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"zh_CN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Linux \u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\/etc\/passwd\u6587\u4ef6\u7247\u6bb5 - \u7f51\u7855\u4e92\u8054\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2d\u5fc3\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u6587\u7ae0\u6d4f\u89c8\u9605\u8bfb57\u6b21\u3002\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u91cd\u8981\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u8bfb\uff0c\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u53ef\u4fee\u6539\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u7ba1\u7406\u7528\u6237\u767b\u5f55\u6743\u9650\u548c\u57fa\u672c\u5c5e\u6027\u3002\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u7cfb\u7edf\u7528\u6237\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u6bcf\u884c\u4ee3\u8868\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u5404\u5b57\u6bb5\u7528\u5192\u53f7\uff08\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u6bb5\/etc\/passwd\u6587\u4ef6\u7247\u6bb5\u3002\uff09\u5206\u9694\uff0c\u5171 7 \u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u3002\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/55581.html\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"\u7f51\u7855\u4e92\u8054\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2d\u5fc3\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-08-13T16:54:27+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u4f5c\u8005\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"\u9884\u8ba1\u9605\u8bfb\u65f6\u95f4\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"1 \u5206\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/55581.html\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/55581.html\",\"name\":\"Linux \u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\/etc\/passwd\u6587\u4ef6\u7247\u6bb5 - 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