{"id":54091,"date":"2025-08-12T22:19:46","date_gmt":"2025-08-12T14:19:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/54091.html"},"modified":"2025-08-12T22:19:46","modified_gmt":"2025-08-12T14:19:46","slug":"mysql-user%e8%a1%a8%e5%85%a5%e9%97%a8%e6%95%99%e7%a8%8b","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/54091.html","title":{"rendered":"MySQL User\u8868\u5165\u95e8\u6559\u7a0b"},"content":{"rendered":"<h3>\u4e00\u3001User\u8868\u6982\u8ff0<\/h3>\n<p>MySQL\u7684user\u8868\u4f4d\u4e8emysql\u7cfb\u7edf\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u662fMySQL\u6743\u9650\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6838\u5fc3&#xff0c;\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u7528\u6237\u8d26\u6237\u4fe1\u606f\u3001\u8ba4\u8bc1\u65b9\u5f0f\u548c\u5168\u5c40\u6743\u9650\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u64cd\u4f5c\u6b64\u8868&#xff0c;\u53ef\u5b9e\u73b0\u7528\u6237\u521b\u5efa\u3001\u6743\u9650\u5206\u914d\u53ca\u5b89\u5168\u5ba1\u8ba1\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u4e8c\u3001User\u8868\u6838\u5fc3\u5b57\u6bb5\u89e3\u6790<\/h3>\n<table>\n<tr>\u5b57\u6bb5\u540d\u4f5c\u7528\u793a\u4f8b\u503c<\/tr>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Host<\/td>\n<td>\u7528\u6237\u5141\u8bb8\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u4e3b\u673a&#xff08;IP\/\u57df\u540d\/\u901a\u914d\u7b26&#xff09;<\/td>\n<td>localhost\u3001%\u3001192.168.1.%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>User<\/td>\n<td>\u7528\u6237\u540d<\/td>\n<td>root\u3001app_user<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>authentication_string<\/td>\n<td>\u52a0\u5bc6\u540e\u7684\u5bc6\u7801&#xff08;MySQL 8.0&#043;&#xff09;<\/td>\n<td>*6BB4&#8230;&#xff08;\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c&#xff09;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Select_priv<\/td>\n<td>\u662f\u5426\u5141\u8bb8SELECT\u64cd\u4f5c&#xff08;Y\/N&#xff09;<\/td>\n<td>Y<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Insert_priv<\/td>\n<td>\u662f\u5426\u5141\u8bb8INSERT\u64cd\u4f5c<\/td>\n<td>N<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Create_priv<\/td>\n<td>\u662f\u5426\u5141\u8bb8\u521b\u5efa\u6570\u636e\u5e93\/\u8868<\/td>\n<td>Y<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Grant_priv<\/td>\n<td>\u662f\u5426\u5141\u8bb8\u6388\u6743\u5176\u4ed6\u7528\u6237<\/td>\n<td>N<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>\u4e09\u3001\u57fa\u7840\u64cd\u4f5c\u6307\u5357<\/h3>\n<h4>1. \u67e5\u770bUser\u8868\u4fe1\u606f<\/h4>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">&#8212; \u5207\u6362\u81f3mysql\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">USE<\/span> mysql<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">&#8212; \u67e5\u770b\u8868\u7ed3\u6784<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">DESC<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">user<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">&#8212; \u67e5\u8be2\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">SELECT<\/span> Host<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">User<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">FROM<\/span> mysql<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">user<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">&#8212; \u67e5\u770b\u7279\u5b9a\u7528\u6237\u6743\u9650<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">SHOW<\/span> GRANTS <span class=\"token keyword\">FOR<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#039;root&#039;<\/span><span class=\"token variable\">&#064;&#039;localhost&#039;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>2. \u521b\u5efa\u7528\u6237<\/h4>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">&#8212; \u57fa\u7840\u8bed\u6cd5<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">CREATE<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">USER<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#039;username&#039;<\/span><span class=\"token variable\">&#064;&#039;host&#039;<\/span> IDENTIFIED <span class=\"token keyword\">BY<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#039;password&#039;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">&#8212; \u793a\u4f8b1&#xff1a;\u521b\u5efa\u672c\u5730\u7528\u6237&#xff08;\u4ec5\u9650\u672c\u673a\u767b\u5f55&#xff09;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">CREATE<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">USER<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#039;local_admin&#039;<\/span><span class=\"token variable\">&#064;&#039;localhost&#039;<\/span> IDENTIFIED <span class=\"token keyword\">BY<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#039;SecurePass123!&#039;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">&#8212; \u793a\u4f8b2&#xff1a;\u521b\u5efa\u8fdc\u7a0b\u7528\u6237&#xff08;\u5141\u8bb8\u4efb\u610fIP\u767b\u5f55&#xff09;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">CREATE<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">USER<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#039;remote_user&#039;<\/span><span class=\"token variable\">&#064;&#039;%&#039;<\/span> IDENTIFIED <span class=\"token keyword\">WITH<\/span> mysql_native_password <span class=\"token keyword\">BY<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#039;RemotePass456!&#039;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>3. \u6388\u6743\u4e0e\u6743\u9650\u56de\u6536<\/h4>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">&#8212; \u6388\u4e88\u5168\u5c40\u6743\u9650&#xff08;\u6240\u6709\u6570\u636e\u5e93&#xff09;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">GRANT<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">ALL<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">PRIVILEGES<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">ON<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">*<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">*<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">TO<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#039;admin_user&#039;<\/span><span class=\"token variable\">&#064;&#039;%&#039;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">&#8212; \u6388\u4e88\u7279\u5b9a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6743\u9650<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">GRANT<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">SELECT<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">INSERT<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">ON<\/span> sales_db<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">*<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">TO<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#039;report_user&#039;<\/span><span class=\"token variable\">&#064;&#039;192.168.1.%&#039;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">&#8212; \u56de\u6536\u6743\u9650<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">REVOKE<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">DELETE<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">ON<\/span> sales_db<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">*<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">FROM<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#039;report_user&#039;<\/span><span class=\"token variable\">&#064;&#039;192.168.1.%&#039;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">&#8212; \u5237\u65b0\u6743\u9650&#xff08;\u64cd\u4f5c\u540e\u5fc5\u987b\u6267\u884c&#xff09;<\/span><br \/>\nFLUSH <span class=\"token keyword\">PRIVILEGES<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>4. \u5220\u9664\u7528\u6237<\/h4>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">&#8212; \u5b89\u5168\u5220\u9664\u7528\u6237<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">DROP<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">USER<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">IF<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">EXISTS<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#039;old_user&#039;<\/span><span class=\"token variable\">&#064;&#039;localhost&#039;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">&#8212; \u6279\u91cf\u5220\u9664&#xff08;\u793a\u4f8b&#xff09;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">DROP<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">USER<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#039;user1&#039;<\/span><span class=\"token variable\">&#064;&#039;%&#039;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#039;user2&#039;<\/span><span class=\"token variable\">&#064;&#039;192.168.1.100&#039;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>5. \u4fee\u6539\u5bc6\u7801<\/h4>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">&#8212; \u65b9\u6cd51&#xff1a;SET PASSWORD&#xff08;\u63a8\u8350&#xff09;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">SET<\/span> PASSWORD <span class=\"token keyword\">FOR<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#039;app_user&#039;<\/span><span class=\"token variable\">&#064;&#039;%&#039;<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> PASSWORD<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#039;NewSecurePass789!&#039;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">&#8212; \u65b9\u6cd52&#xff1a;\u66f4\u65b0user\u8868&#xff08;\u9700\u5237\u65b0\u6743\u9650&#xff09;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">UPDATE<\/span> mysql<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">user<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">SET<\/span> authentication_string <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> PASSWORD<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#039;AnotherPass012!&#039;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">WHERE<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">User<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#039;legacy_user&#039;<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">AND<\/span> Host <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#039;localhost&#039;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\nFLUSH <span class=\"token keyword\">PRIVILEGES<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<h3>\u56db\u3001\u5b89\u5168\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5<\/h3>\n<li>\n<p>\u6700\u5c0f\u6743\u9650\u539f\u5219<br \/>\n\u4ec5\u6388\u4e88\u7528\u6237\u5b8c\u6210\u5de5\u4f5c\u6240\u9700\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u6743\u9650&#xff08;\u5982SELECT\/INSERT\u800c\u975eALL PRIVILEGES&#xff09;\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u5bc6\u7801\u7b56\u7565<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">&#8212; \u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u5bc6\u7801\u7b56\u7565<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">SHOW<\/span> VARIABLES <span class=\"token operator\">LIKE<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#039;validate_password%&#039;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">&#8212; \u542f\u7528\u5f3a\u5bc6\u7801\u6821\u9a8c&#xff08;MySQL 8.0&#043;&#xff09;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">SET<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">GLOBAL<\/span> validate_password<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>policy <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#039;MEDIUM&#039;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u9650\u5236\u767b\u5f55\u6765\u6e90<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528Host\u5b57\u6bb5\u9650\u5236\u7528\u6237IP&#xff08;\u5982&#039;user&#039;&#064;&#039;192.168.1.100&#039;&#xff09;\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u907f\u514d\u4f7f\u7528&#039;%&#039;\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e3b\u673a\u540d&#xff0c;\u9664\u975e\u5fc5\u8981\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u5b9a\u671f\u5ba1\u8ba1<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">&#8212; \u76d1\u63a7\u5f02\u5e38\u7528\u6237<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">SELECT<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">User<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> Host <span class=\"token keyword\">FROM<\/span> mysql<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">user<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">WHERE<\/span> Host <span class=\"token operator\">NOT<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">IN<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#039;localhost&#039;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#039;127.0.0.1&#039;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token operator\">AND<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">User<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">NOT<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">LIKE<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#039;mysql.%&#039;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<h3>\u4e94\u3001\u5e38\u89c1\u95ee\u9898\u89e3\u51b3<\/h3>\n<li>\n<p>\u9519\u8bef1045&#xff1a;Access denied<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u786e\u8ba4\u7528\u6237\u5b58\u5728&#xff1a;SELECT User, Host FROM mysql.user WHERE User &#061; &#039;username&#039;;<\/li>\n<li>\u68c0\u67e5\u5bc6\u7801\u662f\u5426\u6b63\u786e&#xff1a;ALTER USER &#039;username&#039;&#064;&#039;host&#039; IDENTIFIED BY &#039;new_password&#039;;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u6743\u9650\u672a\u751f\u6548<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u6267\u884cFLUSH PRIVILEGES;\u540e\u91cd\u8bd5\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u7528\u6237\u88ab\u9501\u5b9a<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">&#8212; \u89e3\u9501\u7528\u6237<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">ALTER<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">USER<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#039;username&#039;<\/span><span class=\"token variable\">&#064;&#039;host&#039;<\/span> ACCOUNT <span class=\"token keyword\">UNLOCK<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<h3>\u516d\u3001\u8fdb\u9636\u7ba1\u7406\u6280\u5de7<\/h3>\n<li>\n<p>\u89d2\u8272&#xff08;Role&#xff09;\u7ba1\u7406&#xff08;MySQL 8.0&#043;&#xff09;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">&#8212; \u521b\u5efa\u89d2\u8272<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">CREATE<\/span> ROLE <span class=\"token string\">&#039;dev_role&#039;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">&#8212; \u6388\u4e88\u89d2\u8272\u6743\u9650<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">GRANT<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">SELECT<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">INSERT<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">ON<\/span> app_db<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">*<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">TO<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#039;dev_role&#039;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">&#8212; \u5c06\u89d2\u8272\u8d4b\u4e88\u7528\u6237<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">GRANT<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#039;dev_role&#039;<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">TO<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#039;dev_user&#039;<\/span><span class=\"token variable\">&#064;&#039;%&#039;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u52a8\u6001\u6743\u9650\u8c03\u6574<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">&#8212; \u5b9e\u65f6\u8c03\u6574\u5168\u5c40\u6743\u9650&#xff08;\u65e0\u9700\u5237\u65b0&#xff09;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">SET<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">GLOBAL<\/span> max_connections <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">200<\/span><span class=\"token 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