{"id":53995,"date":"2025-08-12T20:30:27","date_gmt":"2025-08-12T12:30:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/53995.html"},"modified":"2025-08-12T20:30:27","modified_gmt":"2025-08-12T12:30:27","slug":"linux%e8%bd%af%e4%bb%b6%e7%bc%96%e7%a8%8b2-%ef%bc%88%e6%a0%87%e5%87%86io%ef%bc%89","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/53995.html","title":{"rendered":"Linux\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7f16\u7a0b2.\uff08\u6807\u51c6IO\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"

1.IO<\/h2>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0IO\u6307\u7684\u662finput\/output，\u5176\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u662f\u6587\u4ef6，\u800c\u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u4e00\u5207\u7686\u662f\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n

2.\u6587\u4ef6<\/h2>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u4e00\u6bb5\u6570\u636e\u7684\u96c6\u5408，\u901a\u5e38\u5b58\u653e\u5728\u5916\u5b58\u4e2d，\u6389\u7535\u540e\u6570\u636e\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4e22\u5931\u3002<\/p>\n

2.1\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5206\u7c7b<\/h3>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a01）b（block，\u5757\u8bbe\u5907\u6587\u4ef6）（\u6587\u4ef6IO）：\u6309\u5757\u626b\u63cf\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u6587\u4ef6，\u79f0\u4e3a\u5757\u8bbe\u5907\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u901a\u5e38\u5b58\u50a8\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u901a\u5e38\u4e3a\u5757\u8bbe\u5907\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a02）c（character，\u5b57\u7b26\u8bbe\u5907\u6587\u4ef6）（\u6587\u4ef6IO）： \u6309\u5b57\u7b26\u626b\u63cf\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u6587\u4ef6，\u79f0\u4e3a\u5b57\u7b26\u8bbe\u5907\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u8bbe\u5907\u901a\u5e38\u4e3a\u5b57\u7b26\u8bbe\u5907\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 3）d（directory，\u76ee\u5f55\u6587\u4ef6） （\u76ee\u5f55IO\/\u6587\u4ef6IO）：\u76ee\u5f55\u6587\u4ef6，\u5b58\u653e\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u3002<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a04）-（\u666e\u901a\u6587\u4ef6）（\u6807\u51c6IO\/\u6587\u4ef6IO）： \u5b58\u653e\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a05）l（link，\u94fe\u63a5\u6587\u4ef6）（\u94fe\u63a5IO\/\u6587\u4ef6IO）： \u64cd\u4f5c\u6587\u4ef6\u7b49\u4ef7\u4e8e\u64cd\u4f5c\u6587\u4ef6\u6307\u5411\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 6）s（socket，\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u6587\u4ef6） （\u6587\u4ef6IO）：\u7528\u6765\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u901a\u4fe1\u3002<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a07）p（pipe，\u7ba1\u9053\u6587\u4ef6） （\u6587\u4ef6IO）：\u7528\u6765\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u901a\u4fe1\u3002<\/p>\n

3.\u6807\u51c6IO<\/h2>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u6807\u51c6IO\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u6765\u64cd\u4f5c\u666e\u901a\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n

3.1\u666e\u901a\u6587\u4ef6\u7c7b\u578b<\/h3>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0ASCII\u7801\u6587\u4ef6：\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5185\u5bb9\u5747\u4e3a\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u5c4f\u5e55\u4e0a\u663e\u793a\u7684ASCII\u7801\u5b57\u7b26\u3002\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3001\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u5747\u4e3aASCII\u7801\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6587\u4ef6：\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5185\u5bb9\u5747\u4e3a\u6570\u636e\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u5f62\u5f0f\u5b58\u653e（\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e0d\u80fd\u5728\u754c\u9762\u4e0a\u663e\u793a\u7684\u5185 \u5bb9）\u3002ASCII\u7801\u6587\u4ef6\u4e5f\u662f\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u56fe\u7247\u3001\u97f3\u89c6\u9891\u3001\u538b\u7f29\u5305\u5747\u4e3a\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n

3.2\u6807\u51c6IO\u63a5\u53e3<\/h3>\n

1. fopen\/fclose<\/p>\n

2. fgetc\/fputc<\/p>\n

3. fgets\/fputs<\/p>\n

4. fscanf\/fprintf<\/p>\n

5. fread\/fwrite<\/p>\n

6. fseek\/rewind\/ftell<\/p>\n

\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c\u6b65\u9aa4\u5747\u4e3a：1）\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6 2）\u8bfb\u5199\u6587\u4ef6 3）\u5173\u95ed\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n

3.3\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6253\u5f00<\/h3>\n

3.3.1\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u5df2\u7ecf\u6253\u5f00\u7684\u4e09\u4e2a\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u6d41<\/h4>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0stdin：\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\u6d41，scanf\u3001gets\u3001getchar\u90fd\u662f\u901a\u8fc7stdin\u6d41\u5b9e\u73b0\u83b7\u5f97\u7ec8\u7aef\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0stdout：\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa\u6d41，printf\u3001puts\u3001putchar\u90fd\u662f\u901a\u8fc7stdout\u6d41\u5b9e\u73b0\u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u4fe1\u606f\u6253\u5370\u3002<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0stderr：\u6807\u51c6\u51fa\u9519\u6d41，perror\u901a\u8fc7stderr\u6d41\u5b9e\u73b0\u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u6253\u5370\u51fa\u9519\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u00a0 \u00a0<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

#include <stdio.h>
\n#include <errno.h>
\n#include <string.h><\/p>\n

int main(void)
\n{
\n FILE *fp = NULL;<\/p>\n

fp = fopen("a.txt", "w");\/\/\u6253\u5f00
\n if (NULL == fp)
\n {
\n perror("fail to fopen");
\n return -1;
\n }
\n \/\/\u5199\u5165
\n fclose(stdout);
\n printf("hello world!\\\\n");
\n fclose(stdin);
\n getchar();
\n fclose(stderr);errno = 2;
\n perror("hello world\\\\n");
\n return 0;
\n}<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/h4>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u5173\u6389stdin，stdout，stderr\u6d41\u540e\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6267\u884c\u76f8\u5173\u8bed\u53e5<\/p>\n

3.3.2\u51fd\u6570\u63a5\u53e3<\/h4>\n

3.3.2.1fopen\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6<\/h5>\n

\u539f\u578b：FILE *fopen(const char *pathname, const char *mode);
\n\u529f\u80fd：
\n \u6253\u5f00pathname\u6307\u5411\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6587\u4ef6，\u5e76\u4e14\u548c\u5b83\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2a\u6d41
\n\u53c2\u6570：
\n pathname:\u8981\u6253\u5f00\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32
\n mode:\u6253\u5f00\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f
\n r \u53ea\u8bfb \u6587\u4ef6\u5b58\u5728\u53ea\u8bfb\u6253\u5f00，\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u62a5\u9519
\n r+ \u8bfb\u5199 \u6587\u4ef6\u5b58\u5728\u8bfb\u5199\u6253\u5f00，\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u62a5\u9519
\n w \u53ea\u5199 \u6587\u4ef6\u5b58\u5728\u6e050，\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u521b\u5efa，\u53ea\u5199\u6253\u5f00
\n w+ \u5199\u8bfb \u6587\u4ef6\u5b58\u5728\u6e050，\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u521b\u5efa，\u5199\u8bfb\u6253\u5f00
\n a \u8ffd\u52a0 \u6587\u4ef6\u5b58\u5728\u8ffd\u52a0，\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u521b\u5efa，\u53ea\u5199\u6253\u5f00
\n a+ \u8ffd\u52a0\u8bfb\u5199 \u6587\u4ef6\u5b58\u5728\u8ffd\u52a0，\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u521b\u5efa，\u5199\u8bfb\u6253\u5f00
\n\u8fd4\u56de\u503c：
\n \u6210\u529f\u8fd4\u56deFILE*\u6307\u9488
\n \u5931\u8d25\u8fd4\u56deNULL<\/p>\n

3.3.2.2fclose\u5173\u95ed\u6587\u4ef6<\/h5>\n

\u539f\u578b：int fclose(FILE *stream);
\n\u529f\u80fd：
\n \u5173\u95ed\u5df2\u7ecf\u6253\u5f00\u7684\u6d41
\n\u53c2\u6570：
\n stream:\u6587\u4ef6\u6d41\u6307\u9488
\n\u8fd4\u56de\u503c：
\n \u6210\u529f\u8fd4\u56de0，\u5931\u8d25\u8fd4\u56deEOF(-1)<\/p>\n

3.3.2.3fputc\u5411\u6587\u4ef6\u5199\u5165\u5355\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26<\/h5>\n

\u539f\u578b：int fputc(int c, FILE *stream);
\n\u529f\u80fd：
\n \u5c06\u5b57\u7b26c\u5199\u5165\u6d41\u4e2d
\n\u53c2\u6570：
\n c：\u8981\u5199\u5165\u7684\u5b57\u7b26
\n stream:\u6587\u4ef6\u6d41\u6307\u9488
\n\u8fd4\u56de\u503c：
\n \u6210\u529f\u8fd4\u56de\u8f93\u51fa\u7684ASCII\u7801\u503c
\n \u5931\u8d25\u8fd4\u56deEOF<\/p>\n

\u5411\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5199\u5165hello world<\/p>\n

#include <stdio.h>
\n#include <errno.h>
\n#include <string.h><\/p>\n

int main(void)
\n{
\n FILE *fp = NULL;<\/p>\n

fp = fopen("a.txt", "w");\/\/\u6253\u5f00
\n if (NULL == fp)
\n {
\n perror("fail to fopen");
\n return -1;
\n }
\n \/\/\u5199\u5165
\n fputc('h',fp);
\n fputc('e',fp);
\n fputc('l',fp);
\n fputc('l',fp);
\n fputc('o',fp);
\n fputc(' ',fp);
\n fputc('w',fp);
\n fputc('o',fp);
\n fputc('r',fp);
\n fputc('l',fp);
\n fputc('d',fp);
\n fclose(fp);\/\/\u5173\u95ed
\n return 0;
\n}<\/p>\n

\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u6307\u9488\u6307\u5411\u6570\u7ec4\u5faa\u73af\u5199\u5165：<\/p>\n

#include <stdio.h>
\n#include <errno.h>
\n#include <string.h><\/p>\n

int main(void)
\n{
\n FILE *fp = NULL;
\n char str[] = {"hello world123"};
\n char *pstr = NULL;
\n pstr = str;
\n fp = fopen("a.txt", "w");\/\/\u6253\u5f00
\n if (NULL == fp)
\n {
\n perror("fail to fopen");
\n return -1;
\n }
\n \/\/\u5199\u5165
\n while(*pstr != '\\\\0')
\n {
\n fputc(*pstr,fp);
\n pstr++;
\n }
\n fclose(fp);\/\/\u5173\u95ed
\n return 0;
\n}<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\"\"<\/h5>\n
3.3.2.4fgetc\u8bfb\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5b57\u7b26<\/h5>\n

\u539f\u578b：int fgetc(FILE *stream);
\n\u529f\u80fd：
\n \u8bfb\u53d6\u6d41\u4e2d\u7684\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26
\n\u53c2\u6570：
\n stream:\u6587\u4ef6\u6d41\u6307\u9488
\n\u8fd4\u56de\u503c：
\n \u6210\u529f\u8fd4\u56de\u8bfb\u5230\u5b57\u7b26\u7684ASCII\u7801\u503c
\n \u5931\u8d25\u6216\u8005\u8bfb\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u672b\u5c3e\u8fd4\u56deEOF<\/p>\n

\u5c06\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u8bfb\u53d6\u5e76\u6253\u5370：<\/p>\n

#include <stdio.h>
\n#include <errno.h>
\n#include <string.h><\/p>\n

int main(void)
\n{
\n FILE *fp = NULL;
\n char ch = 0;
\n fp = fopen("a.txt", "r");\/\/\u6253\u5f00
\n if (NULL == fp)
\n {
\n perror("fail to fopen");
\n return -1;
\n }
\n \/\/\u6253\u5370
\n while(1)
\n {
\n ch = fgetc(fp);
\n if(ch == EOF)
\n {
\n break;
\n }
\n printf("%c",ch);
\n }
\n fclose(fp);\/\/\u5173\u95ed
\n return 0;
\n}<\/p>\n

\u7edf\u8ba1\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u884c\u6570：<\/p>\n

#include <stdio.h>
\n#include <errno.h>
\n#include <string.h><\/p>\n

int main(void)
\n{
\n FILE *fp = NULL;
\n char ch = 0;
\n int cont = 1;
\n fp = fopen("a.txt", "r");\/\/\u6253\u5f00
\n if (NULL == fp)
\n {
\n perror("fail to fopen");
\n return -1;
\n }
\n \/\/\u7edf\u8ba1
\n while(1)
\n {
\n ch = fgetc(fp);
\n if(ch == EOF)
\n {
\n break;
\n }
\n if(ch == '\\\\n')
\n {
\n cont++;
\n }
\n }
\n printf("\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u6709%d\u884c",cont);
\n fclose(fp);\/\/\u5173\u95ed
\n return 0;
\n}<\/p>\n

\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c01\u88c5\u51fd\u6570\u8fbe\u5230\u76f8\u540c\u7edf\u8ba1\u884c\u6570\u6548\u679c：<\/p>\n

#include <stdio.h><\/p>\n

int get_line(char *pfile)\/\/
\n{
\n int cnt = 1;
\n FILE *fp = NULL;
\n char ch = 0;<\/p>\n

fp = fopen(pfile, "r");\/\/\u4f20\u9012\u8fc7\u6765\u7684\u662f\u6307\u9488，\u6253\u5f00\u6307\u9488\u6240\u6307\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u540d，\u4e0d\u80fd\u7528(\u201cpfile\u201d,"r")\u6253\u5f00,\u8fd9\u6837\u662f\u6253\u5f00\u53ebpfile\u7684\u6587\u4ef6
\n if (NULL == fp)
\n {
\n perror("fail to fopen");
\n return -1;
\n }<\/p>\n

while (1)
\n {
\n ch = fgetc(fp);
\n if (EOF == ch)
\n {
\n break;
\n }
\n if ('\\\\n' == ch)
\n {
\n cnt++;
\n }
\n }<\/p>\n

fclose(fp);<\/p>\n

return cnt;
\n}<\/p>\n

int main(void)
\n{
\n char filepath[256] = {0};
\n int line = 0;<\/p>\n

printf("\u8bf7\u8f93\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u540d:\\\\n");
\n gets(filepath);<\/p>\n

line = get_line(filepath);
\n printf("\u884c\u6570:%d\\\\n", line);<\/p>\n

return 0;
\n}<\/p>\n

\u5c06a.txt\u62f7\u8d1d\u5230b.txt\u4e2d：<\/p>\n

#include <stdio.h>
\n#include <errno.h>
\n#include <string.h><\/p>\n

int main(void)
\n{
\n FILE *fp1 = NULL;
\n FILE *fp2 = NULL;
\n char ch = 0;
\n fp1 = fopen("a.txt", "r");\/\/\u53ea\u8bfb\u6253\u5f00a
\n fp2 = fopen("b.txt", "w");\/\/\u53ea\u5199\u6253\u5f00b
\n if (NULL == fp1)
\n {
\n perror("fail to fopen");
\n return -1;
\n }
\n if (NULL == fp2)
\n {
\n perror("fail to fopen");
\n return -1;
\n }
\n \/\/\u62f7\u8d1d
\n while(1)
\n {
\n ch = fgetc(fp1);
\n if(ch == EOF)
\n {
\n break;
\n }
\n fputc(ch,fp2);\/\/\u53d8\u91cf\u4e0d\u7528\u52a0\u5355\u5f15\u53f7
\n }
\n fclose(fp1);\/\/\u5173\u95ed
\n fclose(fp2);
\n return 0;
\n}<\/p>\n

\u5c06\u5176\u5c01\u88c5\u8fbe\u6210\u76f8\u540c\u62f7\u8d1d\u6548\u679c：<\/p>\n

#include <stdio.h><\/p>\n

void copy_file_content(char *pdstfile, char *psrcfile)
\n{
\n FILE *fsrc = NULL;
\n FILE *fdst = NULL;
\n char ch = 0;<\/p>\n

fsrc = fopen(psrcfile, "r");
\n if (NULL == fsrc)
\n {
\n perror("fail to fopen");
\n return;
\n }<\/p>\n

fdst = fopen(pdstfile, "w");
\n if (NULL == fdst)
\n {
\n perror("fail to fopen");
\n return;
\n }<\/p>\n

while (1)
\n {
\n ch = fgetc(fsrc);
\n if (EOF == ch)
\n {
\n break;
\n }
\n fputc(ch, fdst);
\n }<\/p>\n

fclose(fsrc);
\n fclose(fdst);<\/p>\n

return;
\n}<\/p>\n

int main(void)
\n{
\n char srcfile[256] = {0};
\n char dstfile[256] = {0};<\/p>\n

printf("\u8bf7\u8f93\u5165\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6:\\\\n");
\n gets(srcfile);<\/p>\n

printf("\u8bf7\u8f93\u5165\u76ee\u7684\u6587\u4ef6:\\\\n");
\n gets(dstfile);<\/p>\n

copy_file_content(dstfile, srcfile);<\/p>\n

printf("\u62f7\u8d1d\u5b8c\u6210\\\\n");<\/p>\n

return 0;
\n}<\/p>\n

\u7edf\u8ba1\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u51fa\u73b0\u6700\u591a\u7684\u5b57\u7b26，\u8f93\u51fa\u6539=\u8be5\u5b57\u7b26\u53ca\u5176\u6570\u91cf：<\/p>\n

#include <stdio.h>
\n#include <errno.h>
\n#include <string.h>
\nint main(void)
\n{
\n FILE *fp = NULL;
\n char ch = 0;
\n char zifuchuan[1024] = {0};
\n int cnt[256]={0};
\n int max = 0;
\n fp = fopen("a.txt", "r");\/\/\u6253\u5f00
\n if (NULL == fp)
\n {
\n perror("fail to fopen");
\n return -1;
\n }
\n \/\/\u7edf\u8ba1
\n \/\/fgets
\n while(fgets(zifuchuan, sizeof(zifuchuan), fp) != NULL)
\n {
\n for (int i = 0; zifuchuan[i] != '\\\\0'; i++)
\n {
\n ch = zifuchuan[i];
\n cnt[ch]++;
\n }
\n }
\n #if 0\/\/fgetc
\n while(1)
\n {
\n ch = fgetc(fp);
\n if(ch == EOF)
\n {
\n break;
\n }
\n cnt[ch]++;
\n }
\n #endif
\n for(int i = 1;i < 256;i++)
\n {
\n if(cnt[max] < cnt[i])
\n max = i;
\n }
\n fclose(fp);
\n printf("\u51fa\u73b0\u6700\u591a\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u662f'%c',\u5171\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86%d\u6b21\\\\n",max,cnt[max]);
\n return 0;
\n}<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/h5>\n
3.3.2.5fputs\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u5199\u5165<\/h5>\n

\u539f\u578b：int fputs(const char *s, FILE *stream);
\n\u529f\u80fd：
\n \u5411\u6d41\u4e2d\u5199\u5165s\u6307\u5411\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32
\n\u53c2\u6570：
\n s:\u8981\u5199\u5165\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u9996\u5730\u5740
\n stream:\u6587\u4ef6\u6d41\u6307\u9488
\n\u8fd4\u56de\u503c：
\n \u6210\u529f\u8fd4\u56de\u975e\u8d1f\u6570
\n \u5931\u8d25\u8fd4\u56deEOF<\/p>\n

\u5199\u5165hello world<\/p>\n

#include <stdio.h>
\nint main(void)
\n{
\n FILE *fp = NULL;
\n char tmpbuff[]={"hello im dayang"};
\n fp = fopen("a.txt","w");
\n if(fp == NULL)
\n {
\n perror("file to fopen");
\n return -1;
\n }
\n fputs("hello im daynag\\\\n",fp);
\n fputs(tmpbuff,fp);<\/p>\n

return 0;
\n}<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/h5>\n
3.3.2.6fgets\u8bfb\u53d6\u4e00\u884c\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32，\u9047\u5230\u56de\u8f66\u7ed3\u675f<\/h5>\n

\u539f\u578b：char *fgets(char *s, int size, FILE *stream);
\n\u529f\u80fd：
\n \u4ece\u6d41\u4e2d\u6700\u591a\u8bfbsize-1\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u6570\u636e\u653e\u5165s\u6307\u5411\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d,\u9047\u5230\\\\n\u8bfb\u53d6\u622a\u6b62
\n\u53c2\u6570：
\n s:\u5b58\u653e\u6570\u636e\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u9996\u5730\u5740
\n size:\u6700\u591a\u5b58\u653e\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u4e2a\u6570
\n stream:\u6587\u4ef6\u6d41\u6307\u9488
\n\u8fd4\u56de\u503c：
\n \u6210\u529f\u8fd4\u56de\u5b58\u653e\u6570\u636e\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u9996\u5730\u5740
\n \u5931\u8d25\u8fd4\u56deNULL
\n \u8bfb\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u672b\u5c3e\u8fd4\u56deNULL<\/p>\n

\u8bfb\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u5e76\u6253\u5370\u5728\u7ec8\u7aef：<\/p>\n

#include <stdio.h><\/p>\n

int main(void)
\n{
\n FILE *fp = NULL;
\n char tmpbuff[1024] = {0};
\n char *pret = NULL;<\/p>\n

fp = fopen("a.txt", "r");
\n if (NULL == fp)
\n {
\n perror("fail to fopen");
\n return -1;
\n }<\/p>\n

while (1)
\n {
\n pret = fgets(tmpbuff, sizeof(tmpbuff), fp);\/\/\u6bcf\u6b21\u8bfb\u53d6\u4e00\u884c，\u9047\u5230\u56de\u8f66\u7ed3\u675f\u8bfb\u53d6\u3002
\n if (NULL == pret)
\n {
\n break;
\n }
\n printf("tmpbuff = %s", pret);
\n }<\/p>\n

fclose(fp);<\/p>\n

return 0;
\n}<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/h5>\n

\u7528fgets\u548cfputs\u5b9e\u73b0\u6587\u4ef6\u62f7\u8d1d：<\/p>\n

#include <stdio.h>
\n#include <string.h>
\nvoid copy_file_content(char *pdstfile, char *psrcfile)
\n{
\n FILE *fp1 = NULL;
\n FILE *fp2 = NULL;
\n char ch[1024] = {0};
\n fp1 = fopen(pdstfile, "r");
\n if (NULL == fp1)
\n {
\n perror("fail to fopen");
\n return;
\n }
\n fp2 = fopen(psrcfile, "w");
\n if (NULL == fp2)
\n {
\n perror("fail to fopen");
\n return;
\n }
\n while (fgets(ch, sizeof(ch), fp1)!=NULL)
\n {
\n \/*if (fgets(ch, sizeof(ch), fp1)==NULL)\/\/\u4e0d\u80fd\u5199\u6210while(1)\u5d4c\u5957if\u5224\u65ad，\u8fd9\u6837\u4f1a\u4e00\u6b21\u5faa\u73af\u8bfb\u4e24\u6b21，\u53ea\u4f1a\u62f7\u8d1d\u7b2c\u4e8c\u884c\u3002
\n {
\n break;
\n }*\/
\n fputs(ch, fp2);
\n }
\n fclose(fp1);
\n fclose(fp2);
\n return;
\n}
\nint main(void)
\n{
\n char file1[256] = {0};
\n char file2[256] = {0};<\/p>\n

printf("\u8bf7\u8f93\u5165\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6:\\\\n");
\n fgets(file1,sizeof(file1),stdin);
\n file1[strlen(file1)-1] = '\\\\0';
\n printf("\u8bf7\u8f93\u5165\u76ee\u7684\u6587\u4ef6:\\\\n");
\n fgets(file2,sizeof(file2),stdin);
\n file2[strlen(file2)-1] = '\\\\0';
\n copy_file_content(file1,file2);
\n return 0;
\n}<\/p>\n

\u5c01\u88c5\u51fd\u6570，\u8981\u6c42\u9996\u6b21\u4ece\u7ec8\u7aef\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u5b57\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d，\u5e76\u8ba1\u7b97\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u503c，\u5173\u95ed\u7a0b\u5e8f\u518d\u6b21\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6，\u4f1a\u8fde\u5e26\u5386\u53f2\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6570\u5b57\u8ba1\u7b97\u5176\u5747\u503c（\u5177\u6709\u8bb0\u5fc6\u529f\u80fd）<\/p>\n

#include <stdio.h>
\n#include <stdlib.h>
\n#include <string.h>
\nvoid in_put_num(char *atxt)
\n{
\n FILE *fp = NULL;
\n char ch[100]={0};
\n fp = fopen("a.txt","a");
\n if(fp == NULL)
\n {
\n perror("file to fopen");
\n return;
\n }
\n while(1)
\n {
\n fgets(ch, sizeof(ch), stdin);
\n ch[strlen(ch)-1]='\\\\0';
\n if(strcmp(ch, "-1") == 0)
\n {
\n break;
\n }
\n strcat(ch, "\\\\n");
\n fputs(ch,fp);
\n }
\n fclose(fp);
\n return;
\n}
\nfloat sum_of_numbers(char *atxt)
\n{
\n FILE *fp = NULL;
\n fp = fopen(atxt, "r");
\n char ch[100]= {0};
\n float sum = 0;
\n if (NULL == fp)
\n {
\n perror("fail to fopen");
\n return -1;
\n }
\n while (fgets(ch, sizeof(ch), fp) != NULL)
\n { <\/p>\n

sum += atof(ch);
\n }
\n fclose(fp);
\n return sum;<\/p>\n

}
\nint get_line(char *atxt)
\n{
\n int cnt = 1;
\n FILE *fp = NULL;
\n char ch = 0;
\n fp = fopen(atxt, "r");
\n if (NULL == fp)
\n {
\n perror("fail to fopen");
\n return -1;
\n }
\n while (1)
\n {
\n ch = fgetc(fp);
\n if (EOF == ch)
\n {
\n break;
\n }
\n if ('\\\\n' == ch)
\n {
\n cnt++;
\n }
\n }
\n fclose(fp);
\n return cnt;
\n}
\nint main(void)
\n{
\n float average = 0;
\n printf("\u8bf7\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u5b57，\u8f93\u5165-1\u7ed3\u675f\u5e76\u8ba1\u7b97\u5386\u53f2\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u5747\u503c\\\\n");
\n in_put_num("a.txt");
\n average = sum_of_numbers("a.txt")\/(get_line("a.txt")-1);\/\/\u884c\u6570\u4f1a\u591a\u7edf\u8ba1\u4e00\u884c
\n printf("average = %f\\\\n", average);
\n return 0;
\n}<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/h5>\n

\u8df3\u51fa\u8f93\u5165\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u4e8b\u9879：<\/p>\n

#include <stdio.h>
\n#include <string.h><\/p>\n

int main(void)
\n{
\n char tmpbuff[1024] = {0};
\n while(1)
\n {
\n fgets(tmpbuff,sizeof(tmpbuff),stdin);
\n tmpbuff[strlen(tmpbuff)-1] = '\\\\0';
\n if(0 == strcmp(tmpbuff,"quit"))
\n {
\n break;
\n }
\n }
\n fputs(tmpbuff,stdout);
\n fputs("\\\\0",stdout);
\n return 0;
\n}<\/p>\n

strcmp\u00a0\u662f\u9010\u5b57\u7b26\u6bd4\u8f83，\u76f4\u5230\u9047\u5230\u00a0\\\\0，\u4f46fgets\u8bfb\u53d6\u7ed3\u679c\u4e3a（\u8bfb\u53d6\u7684\u5b57\u7b26）\\\\n\\\\0,\u7ed3\u679c\u4e3aquit\\\\n\\\\0<\/p>\n

\u4e0e\u622a\u81f3\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0d\u5339\u914d\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u8981tmpbuff[strlen(tmpbuff)-1] = '\\\\0';\u5c06\\\\n\u66ff\u6362\u4e3a\\\\0\u3002<\/p>\n

3.3.2.7fprintf\u5199\u5165\u5230\u6587\u4ef6<\/h5>\n

\u539f\u578b：int fprintf(FILE *stream, const char *format, …);
\n\u529f\u80fd：
\n \u5c06\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u6253\u5370\u5728\u6d41\u4e2d
\n\u53c2\u6570：
\n stream:\u6587\u4ef6\u6d41\u6307\u9488
\n format:\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32
\n …:\u53c2\u6570
\n\u8fd4\u56de\u503c：
\n \u6210\u529f\u8fd4\u56de\u6253\u5370\u5b57\u7b26\u7684\u4e2a\u6570
\n \u5931\u8d25\u8fd4\u56de\u8d1f\u6570<\/p>\n

\u529f\u80fd\u7528\u6cd5\u4e0eprintf\u7c7b\u4f3c，\u53ea\u4e0d\u8fc7\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u4e3a\u6307\u5411\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6307\u9488\u3002<\/p>\n

#include <stdio.h><\/p>\n

int main(void)
\n{
\n FILE *fp = NULL;
\n int Num1 = 100;
\n int Num2 = 200;<\/p>\n

fp = fopen("a.txt", "w");
\n if (NULL == fp)
\n {
\n perror("fopen failed\\\\n");
\n return -1;
\n }<\/p>\n

fprintf(fp, "Num1 = %d, Num2 = %d\\\\n", Num1, Num2);<\/p>\n

fclose(fp);<\/p>\n

return 0;
\n}<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/h5>\n
3.3.2.8fscanf\u4ece\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6309\u6307\u5b9a\u683c\u5f0f\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e<\/h5>\n

\u539f\u578b：int fscanf(FILE *stream, const char *format, …);
\n\u529f\u80fd：
\n \u4ece\u6d41\u4e2d\u63a5\u6536\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32
\n\u53c2\u6570：
\n stream:\u6587\u4ef6\u6d41\u6307\u9488
\n format:\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32
\n …:\u53c2\u6570
\n\u8fd4\u56de\u503c：
\n \u6210\u529f\u8fd4\u56de\u5339\u914d\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u63a7\u5236\u7b26\u7684\u4e2a\u6570
\n \u5931\u8d25\u8fd4\u56deEOF
\n \u8bfb\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u672b\u5c3e\u8fd4\u56deEOF<\/p>\n

\u4ece\u6587\u4ef6\u00a0a.txt\u00a0\u4e2d\u8bfb\u53d6\u4e24\u4e2a\u6574\u6570\u503c\u5e76\u6253\u5370\u5230\u5c4f\u5e55\u4e0a：<\/p>\n

#include <stdio.h><\/p>\n

int main(void)
\n{
\n FILE *fp = NULL;
\n int Num1 = 0;
\n int Num2 = 0;<\/p>\n

fp = fopen("a.txt", "r");
\n if (NULL == fp)
\n {
\n perror("fail to fopen");
\n return -1;
\n }<\/p>\n

fscanf(fp, "Num1 = %d, Num2 = %d", &Num1, &Num2);
\n printf("Num1 = %d, Num2 = %d\\\\n", Num1, Num2);<\/p>\n

fclose(fp);<\/p>\n

return 0;
\n}<\/p>\n

3.3.2.9fwrite<\/h5>\n

\u539f\u578b：size_t fwrite(const void *ptr, size_t size, size_t nmemb, FILE
\n*stream);
\n\u529f\u80fd：
\n \u5411\u6d41\u4e2d\u5199\u5165ptr\u6307\u5411\u7684nmemb\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61，\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61size\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282
\n\u53c2\u6570：
\n ptr：\u6307\u5411\u6570\u636e\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u9996\u5730\u5740
\n size:\u5199\u5165\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5927\u5c0f
\n nmemb:\u5199\u5165\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u4e2a\u6570
\n stream：\u6587\u4ef6\u6d41\u6307\u9488
\n\u8fd4\u56de\u503c：
\n \u6210\u529f\u8fd4\u56de\u5b9e\u9645\u5199\u5165\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u4e2a\u6570
\n \u5931\u8d25\u8fd4\u56de0<\/p>\n

nret = fwrite(&s, sizeof(s), 1, fp); \u00a0\/\/ \u53c2\u6570：\u6570\u636e\u5730\u5740 &s（\u6570\u7ec4\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u5e26&），\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u5927\u5c0f sizeof(s)，\u5199\u5165\u6570\u91cf 1，\u5199\u5165\u5230fp<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u7edf\u8ba1\u5199\u5165\u5143\u7d20\u4e2a\u6570：<\/p>\n

#include <stdio.h><\/p>\n

typedef struct student {
\n char name[32];
\n char sex;
\n int age;
\n int score;
\n}stu_t;<\/p>\n

int main(void)
\n{
\n FILE *fp = NULL;
\n size_t nret = 0;
\n stu_t s = {"zhangsan", 'm', 18, 90};
\n stu_t s1 = {"lisi", 'f', 17, 80};
\n stu_t stu[3] = {
\n {"wanger", 'm', 16, 80},
\n {"zhaowu", 'f', 16, 70},
\n {"maliu", 'm', 15, 80},
\n };
\n fp = fopen("a.txt", "w");
\n if (NULL == fp)
\n {
\n perror("fail to fopen");
\n return -1;
\n }
\n nret = fwrite(&s, sizeof(s), 1, fp);
\n printf("nret = %ld\\\\n", nret);
\n nret = fwrite(&s1, sizeof(s1), 1, fp);
\n printf("nret = %ld\\\\n", nret);
\n nret = fwrite(stu, sizeof(stu_t), 3, fp);
\n printf("nret = %ld\\\\n", nret);
\n fclose(fp);
\n return 0;
\n}<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/h5>\n
3.3.2.10fread<\/h5>\n

\u539f\u578b：size_t fread(void *ptr, size_t size, size_t nmemb, FILE
\n*stream);
\n\u529f\u80fd：
\n \u4ece\u6d41\u4e2d\u8bfb\u53d6nmemb\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u5230ptr\u6307\u5411\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d，\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61size\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282
\n\u53c2\u6570：
\n ptr:\u5b58\u653e\u6570\u636e\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u9996\u5730\u5740
\n size:\u8bfb\u53d6\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u5927\u5c0f
\n memb:\u8bfb\u53d6\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u4e2a\u6570
\n stream:\u6587\u4ef6\u6d41\u6307\u9488
\n\u8fd4\u56de\u503c：
\n \u6210\u529f\u8fd4\u56de\u8bfb\u5230\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u4e2a\u6570
\n \u5931\u8d25\u6216\u8005\u8bfb\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u672b\u5c3e\u8fd4\u56de0<\/p>\n

nret = fread(stu, sizeof(stu_t), 10, fp);\/\/ \u4ece\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u8bfb\u53d6\u6700\u591a 10 \u4e2a\u5b66\u751f\u6570\u636e\u5230\u6570\u7ec4 stu \u4e2d（\u4e0d\u662f\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u8bdd\u8981\u53d6\u5730\u5740）
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \/\/\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8\u5730\u5740 stu，\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u5927\u5c0f sizeof(stu_t)，\u6700\u591a\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u91cf 10，\u6587\u4ef6\u6307\u9488 fp<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u8bfb\u53d6\u5e76\u6253\u5370：<\/p>\n

#include <stdio.h><\/p>\n

typedef struct student
\n{
\n char name[32];
\n char sex;
\n int age;
\n int score;
\n}stu_t;<\/p>\n

int main(void)
\n{
\n FILE *fp = NULL;
\n stu_t s;
\n stu_t stu[10];
\n size_t nret = 0;
\n int i = 0;<\/p>\n

fp = fopen("a.txt", "r");
\n if (NULL == fp)
\n {
\n perror("fail to fopen");
\n return -1;
\n }<\/p>\n

nret = fread(stu, sizeof(stu_t), 10, fp);\/\/\u8bfb\u4e00\u6b21\u4e00\u6b21\u8bfb\u4e94\u4e2a
\n printf("nret = %ld\\\\n", nret);
\n for (i = 0; i < nret; i++)
\n {
\n printf("\u59d3\u540d:%s\\\\n", stu[i].name);
\n printf("\u6027\u522b:%c\\\\n", stu[i].sex);
\n printf("\u5e74\u9f84:%d\\\\n", stu[i].age);
\n printf("\u6210\u7ee9:%d\\\\n", stu[i].score);
\n }<\/p>\n

#if 0\/\/\u8bfb\u4e94\u6b21\u4e00\u6b21\u8bfb\u4e00\u4e2a
\n while (1)
\n {
\n nret = fread(&s, sizeof(s), 1, fp);
\n if (0 == nret)
\n {
\n break;
\n }
\n printf("nret = %ld\\\\n", nret);
\n printf("\u59d3\u540d:%s\\\\n", s.name);
\n printf("\u6027\u522b:%c\\\\n", s.sex);
\n printf("\u5e74\u9f84:%d\\\\n", s.age);
\n printf("\u6210\u7ee9:%d\\\\n", s.score);
\n }
\n#endif
\n fclose(fp);<\/p>\n

return 0;
\n}<\/p>\n

\u7528fwrite\u548cfread\u5b9e\u73b0\u56fe\u7247\u7684\u62f7\u8d1d：fread\u8bfb\u53d6\u3002fwrite\u5199\u5165\u3002<\/p>\n

#include <stdio.h><\/p>\n

int main(void)
\n{
\n FILE *fp1 = NULL;
\n FILE *fp2 = NULL;
\n char a[4096]={0};
\n size_t nret;
\n fp1 = fopen("p.jpg", "r");
\n if (NULL == fp1)
\n {
\n perror("fail to fopen1");
\n return -1;
\n }
\n fp2 = fopen ("a.jpg","w");
\n if (NULL == fp2)
\n {
\n perror("fail to fopen2");
\n return -1;
\n }
\n while (fread(a,sizeof(a) ,1, fp1))
\n {
\n fwrite(a,sizeof(a), 1, fp2);
\n }<\/p>\n

fclose(fp1);
\n fclose(fp2);
\n return 0;
\n}\/\/\u6570\u636e\u6709\u635f\u62f7\u8d1d<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/h2>\n

\u4e0d\u96be\u770b\u51fa，\u62f7\u8d1d\u540e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0d\u5b8c\u5168\u76f8\u540c，\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u4e22\u5931\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u6bcf\u6b21\u8bfb\u53d64096\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282，\u6bcf\u6b21\u8bfb\u53d61\u6b21，\u4f1a\u5728\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b21\u8bfb\u53d6\u65f6\u5bfc\u81f4\u6570\u636e\u4e22\u5931，\u56e0\u4e3a\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b21\u8bfb\u53d6\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u6570\u636e\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u591f4096\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0（\u53ea\u4f1a\u8bfb\u53d64096\u7684\u6574\u6570\u500d）<\/p>\n

\u6211\u4eec\u8bd5\u8bd5\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5：<\/p>\n

#include <stdio.h><\/p>\n

int main(void)
\n{
\n FILE *fp1 = NULL;
\n FILE *fp2 = NULL;
\n char a[4096]={0};
\n size_t nret;
\n fp1 = fopen("p.jpg", "r");
\n if (NULL == fp1)
\n {
\n perror("fail to fopen1");
\n return -1;
\n }
\n fp2 = fopen ("a.jpg","w");
\n if (NULL == fp2)
\n {
\n perror("fail to fopen2");
\n return -1;
\n }
\n while (nret = fread(a, 1, sizeof(a) , fp1))
\n {
\n fwrite(a, 1, nret, fp2);
\n }<\/p>\n

fclose(fp1);
\n fclose(fp2);
\n return 0;
\n}\/\/\u6570\u636e\u65e0\u635f\u62f7\u8d1d<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u800c\u6bcf\u6b21\u8bfb\u53d61\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282，\u5b9e\u9645\u8bfb\u53d6\u591a\u5c11\u5b57\u8282，\u5c31\u8fd4\u56de\u5199\u5165\u591a\u5c11\u5b57\u8282，\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u6570\u636e\u4e22\u5931\u3002<\/p>\n

4.\u6d41\u7684\u5b9a\u4f4d<\/h2>\n

4.1\u504f\u79fb\u91cf\u7684\u8bbe\u7f6e<\/h3>\n

4.1.1fseek\u504f\u79fb<\/h4>\n

\u539f\u578b：int fseek(FILE *stream, long offset, int whence);
\n\u529f\u80fd：
\n \u8bbe\u7f6e\u6d41\u7684\u504f\u79fb\u91cf\u7684\u6807\u8bc6
\n\u53c2\u6570：
\n stream:\u6587\u4ef6\u6d41\u6307\u9488
\n offset:\u504f\u79fb\u91cf
\n > 0 \u5411\u540e\u504f\u79fb
\n < 0 \u5411\u524d\u504f\u79fb
\n whence:\u6807\u8bc6
\n SEEK_SET \u6587\u4ef6\u5f00\u5934
\n SEEK_CUR \u5f53\u524d\u4f4d\u7f6e
\n SEEK_END \u6587\u4ef6\u672b\u5c3e
\n\u8fd4\u56de\u503c：
\n \u6210\u529f\u8fd4\u56de0 \u5931\u8d25\u8fd4\u56de-1 <\/p>\n

4.1.2ftell\u83b7\u53d6\u504f\u79fb\u91cf<\/h4>\n

\u539f\u578b：long ftell(FILE *stream);
\n\u529f\u80fd：
\n \u83b7\u5f97\u6d41\u7684\u504f\u79fb\u91cf
\n\u53c2\u6570：
\n stream:\u6587\u4ef6\u6d41\u6307\u9488
\n\u8fd4\u56de\u503c：
\n \u6210\u529f\u8fd4\u56de\u6d41\u7684\u504f\u79fb\u91cf<\/p>\n

\u504f\u79fb\u518d\u5199\u5165\u5e76\u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u504f\u79fb\u91cf：<\/p>\n

#include <stdio.h><\/p>\n

int main(void)
\n{
\n FILE *fp = NULL;
\n long len = 0;<\/p>\n

fp = fopen("a.txt", "w");
\n if (NULL == fp)
\n {
\n perror("fail to fopen");
\n return -1;
\n }<\/p>\n

fseek(fp, 10, SEEK_SET);\/\/\u4ece\u5f00\u5934\u5411\u540e\u504f\u79fb10\u4e2a\u5355\u4f4d
\n fputc('a', fp);\/\/\u5199\u5165ａ
\n len = ftell(fp);
\n printf("len = %ld\\\\n", len);\/\/\u83b7\u53d6\u5e76\u6253\u5370\u504f\u79fb\u91cf<\/p>\n

fseek(fp, -5, SEEK_CUR);\/\/\u4ece\u5f53\u524d\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5411\u524d\u504f\u79fb5\u4e2a\u5355\u4f4d
\n fputc('b', fp);
\n len = ftell(fp);
\n printf("len = %ld\\\\n", len);<\/p>\n

fseek(fp, 0, SEEK_END);\/\/\u4ece\u6587\u4ef6\u672b\u5c3e\u5411\u524d\u504f\u79fb5\u4e2a\u5355\u4f4d
\n fputc('c', fp);
\n len = ftell(fp);
\n printf("len = %ld\\\\n", len);<\/p>\n

rewind(fp);
\n\/\/ fseek(fp, 0, SEEK_SET);\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u505a\u5230\u504f\u79fb\u91cf\u521d\u59cb\u5316
\n fputc('d', fp);
\n len = ftell(fp);
\n printf("len = %ld\\\\n", len);<\/p>\n

fclose(fp);<\/p>\n

return 0;
\n}<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

4.1.3rewind\u91cd\u65b0\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5230\u5f00\u5934<\/h4>\n

\u539f\u578b：void rewind(FILE *stream);
\n\u529f\u80fd：
\n \u5c06\u6d41\u91cd\u65b0\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5230\u5f00\u5934<\/p>\n

\u7edf\u8ba1\u6587\u4ef6\u5b57\u7b26\u6570：<\/p>\n

#include <stdio.h><\/p>\n

int main(void)
\n{
\n FILE *fp = NULL;
\n long len = 0;<\/p>\n

fp = fopen("a.txt", "r");
\n if (NULL == fp)
\n {
\n perror("fail to fopen");
\n return -1;
\n }
\n fseek(fp, 0, SEEK_END);
\n fputc('d', fp);
\n len = ftell(fp);\/\/\u504f\u79fb\u5230\u672b\u5c3e\u5e76\u7edf\u8ba1\u504f\u79fb\u91cf\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5b57\u7b26\u6570\u3002
\n printf("len = %ld\\\\n", len);<\/p>\n

fclose(fp);<\/p>\n

return 0;
\n}<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u8f93\u51fabmp\u56fe\u7247\u7684\u5bbd\u5ea6\u548c\u9ad8\u5ea6：<\/p>\n

#include <stdio.h><\/p>\n

int main(void)
\n{
\n FILE *fp = NULL;
\n int a[1] = {0};
\n size_t nret = 0;<\/p>\n

fp = fopen("test.bmp", "r");
\n if (NULL == fp)
\n {
\n perror("fail to fopen");
\n return -1;
\n }
\n fseek(fp, 18, SEEK_SET);
\n nret = fread(a,1,4,fp);\/\/\u6bcf\u6b21\u8bfb\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282，\u8bfb\u56db\u6b21，\u8bfb\u5230a[0]\u91cc\u3002
\n printf("\u5bbd\u5ea6：%d",a[0]);
\n nret = fread(a,1,4,fp);\/\/\u6bcf\u6b21\u8bfb\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282，\u8bfb\u56db\u6b21，\u8bfb\u5230a[0]\u91cc\u3002
\n printf("\u9ad8\u5ea6：%d",a[0]);<\/p>\n

fclose(fp);<\/p>\n

return 0;
\n}<\/p>\n

#include <stdio.h><\/p>\n

int main(void)
\n{
\n FILE *fp = NULL;
\n int a[2] = {0};
\n size_t nret = 0;<\/p>\n

fp = fopen("test.bmp", "r");
\n if (NULL == fp)
\n {
\n perror("fail to fopen");
\n return -1;
\n }
\n fseek(fp, 18, SEEK_SET);
\n nret = fread(a,4,2,fp);\/\/\u6bcf\u6b21\u8bfb\u56db\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282，\u8bfb\u4e24\u6b21，\u8bfb\u5230a[0]，a[1]\u91cc\u3002
\n printf("\u5bbd\u5ea6：%d",a[0]);
\n printf("\u9ad8\u5ea6：%d",a[1]);<\/p>\n

fclose(fp);<\/p>\n

return 0;
\n}<\/p>\n

#include <stdio.h><\/p>\n

int main(void)
\n{
\n FILE *fp = NULL;
\n int width = 0;
\n int height = 0;<\/p>\n

fp = fopen("test.bmp", "r");
\n if (NULL == fp)
\n {
\n perror("fail to fopen");
\n return -1;
\n }<\/p>\n

fseek(fp, 18, SEEK_SET);
\n fread(&width, sizeof(width), 1, fp);
\n fread(&height, sizeof(height), 1, fp);<\/p>\n

fclose(fp);<\/p>\n

printf("\u5bbd\u5ea6:%d, \u9ad8\u5ea6:%d\\\\n", width, height);<\/p>\n

return 0;
\n}<\/p>\n

\u4e09\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\u5747\u53ef\u5b9e\u73b0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6548\u679c，\u65e0\u975e\u662f\u5b58\u50a8\u65b9\u5f0f\u548c\u53d8\u91cf\u53c2\u6570\u4e0d\u540c\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

5.\u6807\u51c6IO\u7684\u7f13\u5b58<\/h2>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u6807\u51c6IO\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6709\u7f13\u5b58\u7684IO\u5176\u6548\u7387\u9ad8，\u5b9e\u65f6\u6027\u5dee\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

5.1\u7f13\u5b58\u7c7b\u578b<\/h3>\n

1）\u5168\u7f13\u5b58（4k）：<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u5237\u65b0\u6761\u4ef6：\u7f13\u5b58\u533a\u6ee14k\u5237\u65b0，fflush\u51fd\u6570\u5f3a\u5236\u5237\u65b0，fclose\u6216\u8005\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5173\u95ed\u5237\u65b0，\u4e0e\u6587\u4ef6\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\u7f13\u5b58\u4e00\u822c\u4e3a\u5168\u7f13\u5b58\u3002<\/p>\n

2）\u884c\u7f13\u5b58（1k）：<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u5237\u65b0\u6761\u4ef6： \u7f13\u5b58\u533a\u6ee11k\u5237\u65b0，\u9047\u5230\\\\n\u5237\u65b0，fflush\u51fd\u6570\u5f3a\u5236\u5237\u65b0，fclose\u6216\u8005\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5173\u95ed\u5237\u65b0，\u4e0e\u7ec8\u7aef\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\u7f13\u5b58\u4e00\u822c\u4e3a\u884c\u7f13\u5b58（stdin\u3001stdout\u5747\u4e3a\u884c\u7f13\u5b58）\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6bd4\u5982：<\/p>\n

printf("hello world");
\nwhile(1)
\n{<\/p>\n

}<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6253\u5370\u5728\u7ec8\u7aef，\u5176\u4e0e\u7ec8\u7aef\u5efa\u7acb\u8054\u7cfb，\u4e3a\u884c\u7f13\u5b58，\u4ee3\u7801\u4f1a\u4e00\u76f4\u5361\u5728while\u5faa\u73af\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u800c\u8fd9\u4e32\u4ee3\u7801：\u5219\u4f1a\u6253\u5370\u5728\u7ec8\u7aef，\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd0\u884c\u5230\\\\n\u5237\u65b0\u4e86\u7f13\u5b58，\u867d\u7136\u4ee3\u7801\u4f9d\u65e7\u5361\u5728while\u5faa\u73af\u4e2d，\u4f46\u4ecd\u4f1a\u6253\u5370\u51fa\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3002<\/p>\n

printf("hello world\\\\n");
\nwhile(1)
\n{<\/p>\n

}<\/p>\n

\u4e5f\u53ef\u7528fflash\u5f3a\u5236\u5237\u65b0\u7f13\u5b58：<\/p>\n

printf("hello world");
\nfflush(stdout); \/\/ \u5f3a\u5236\u5237\u65b0\u8f93\u51fa\u7f13\u51b2\u533a
\nwhile(1)
\n{<\/p>\n

}<\/p>\n

3）\u4e0d\u7f13\u5b58（0k）：<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u5237\u65b0\u6761\u4ef6： \u4e0d\u7f13\u5b58\u7acb\u5373\u5237\u65b0，\u51fa\u9519\u5904\u7406\u6216\u8005\u4eba\u673a\u4ea4\u4e92\u4e00\u822c\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0d\u7f13\u5b58（stderr\u4e0d\u7f13\u5b58）\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u6587\u7ae0\u6d4f\u89c8\u9605\u8bfb177\u6b21\uff0c\u70b9\u8d5e5\u6b21\uff0c\u6536\u85cf2\u6b21\u3002\u672c\u6587\u6458\u8981\uff1a \u672c\u6587\u7cfb\u7edf\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u6587\u4ef6I\/O\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u5185\u5bb9\u5305\u62ec\uff1a1) Linux\u5c06\u4e00\u5207\u89c6\u4e3a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5757\u8bbe\u5907\u3001\u5b57\u7b26\u8bbe\u5907\u3001\u76ee\u5f55\u7b497\u79cd\u6587\u4ef6\u7c7b\u578b\uff1b2) \u8be6\u7ec6\u8bb2\u89e3\u4e86\u6807\u51c6I\/O\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5305\u62ecfopen\/fclose\u3001fgetc\/fputc\u7b49\u6838\u5fc3\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1b3) \u9610\u8ff0\u4e86\u6587\u4ef6\u5b9a\u4f4d\u64cd\u4f5c(fseek\/ftell\/rewind)\u548c\u4e09\u79cd\u7f13\u5b58\u673a\u5236(\u5168\u7f13\u5b58\/\u884c\u7f13\u5b58\/\u4e0d\u7f13\u5b58)\uff1b4) \u901a\u8fc7\u591a\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f8b\u6f14\u793a\u4e86\u6587\u4ef6\u8bfb\u5199\u3001\u62f7\u8d1d\u3001\u7edf\u8ba1\u7b49\u5e38\u89c1\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u8bf4\u660e\u4e86\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6587\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c\u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879\u3002\u6587\u7ae0\u4ee5\u5927\u91cf\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u6807\u51c6I\/O\u5e93\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u8bfb\u5199<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":53978,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[174,58,371,190,43,44],"topic":[],"class_list":["post-53995","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-server","tag-c","tag-linux","tag-371","tag-190","tag-43","tag-44"],"yoast_head":"\nLinux\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7f16\u7a0b2.\uff08\u6807\u51c6IO\uff09 - 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