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id=\"%E4%B8%80%E3%80%81%E5%BC%95%E8%A8%80\" style=\"margin-left:0pt;text-align:left\">\u4e00\u3001\u5f15\u8a00 <\/h3>\n<h4 id=\"1.1%20%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E8%83%8C%E6%99%AF%E4%B8%8E%E6%84%8F%E4%B9%89\" style=\"margin-left:0pt;text-align:left\">1.1 \u7814\u7a76\u80cc\u666f\u4e0e\u610f\u4e49 <\/h4>\n<p>\u7ee7\u53d1\u6027\u7532\u72b6\u65c1\u817a\u529f\u80fd\u4ea2\u8fdb\uff08Secondary Hyperparathyroidism\uff0cSHPT\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5e38\u89c1\u4e14\u5371\u5bb3\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u75be\u75c5\uff0c\u591a\u7ee7\u53d1\u4e8e\u6162\u6027\u80be\u810f\u75c5\uff08CKD\uff09\u3001\u7ef4\u751f\u7d20 D \u7f3a\u4e4f\u3001\u80a0\u9053\u5438\u6536\u4e0d\u826f\u7b49\u75c5\u75c7\u3002\u636e\u7edf\u8ba1\uff0c\u5728\u7ec8\u672b\u671f\u80be\u75c5\u60a3\u8005\u4e2d\uff0cSHPT \u7684\u53d1\u75c5\u7387\u9ad8\u8fbe 80% \u4ee5\u4e0a \u3002\u968f\u7740\u6162\u6027\u75be\u75c5\u60a3\u8005\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u589e\u52a0\uff0cSHPT \u7684\u60a3\u75c5\u4eba\u6570\u4e5f\u5448\u4e0a\u5347\u8d8b\u52bf\u3002<\/p>\n<p>SHPT \u5bf9\u60a3\u8005\u7684\u5371\u5bb3\u662f\u591a\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u3002\u5728\u9aa8\u9abc\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u5f15\u53d1\u9aa8\u75db\u3001\u9aa8\u8d28\u758f\u677e\u3001\u9aa8\u9abc\u53d8\u5f62\u751a\u81f3\u9aa8\u6298\u7b49\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4e25\u91cd\u5f71\u54cd\u60a3\u8005\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\u80fd\u529b\u548c\u751f\u6d3b\u8d28\u91cf\u3002\u5728\u5fc3\u8840\u7ba1\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u53ef\u5bfc\u81f4\u9ad8\u8840\u538b\u3001\u5fc3\u5f8b\u5931\u5e38\u3001\u5fc3\u529b\u8870\u7aed\u7b49\u75be\u75c5\uff0c\u663e\u8457\u589e\u52a0\u5fc3\u8840\u7ba1\u75be\u75c5\u7684\u53d1\u75c5\u98ce\u9669\u548c\u6b7b\u4ea1\u7387\u3002\u5728\u795e\u7ecf\u808c\u8089\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u808c\u65e0\u529b\u3001\u808c\u8089\u840e\u7f29\u3001\u80a2\u4f53\u9ebb\u6728\u7b49\u75c7\u72b6\uff0c\u964d\u4f4e\u60a3\u8005\u7684\u8eab\u4f53\u673a\u80fd \u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u6d88\u5316\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001\u8840\u6db2\u7cfb\u7edf\u7b49\uff0c\u7ed9\u60a3\u8005\u5e26\u6765\u6781\u5927\u7684\u75db\u82e6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u76ee\u524d\uff0cSHPT \u7684\u6cbb\u7597\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u62ec\u836f\u7269\u6cbb\u7597\u3001\u624b\u672f\u6cbb\u7597\u548c\u900f\u6790\u6cbb\u7597\u7b49\u3002\u836f\u7269\u6cbb\u7597\u867d\u80fd\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u63a7\u5236\u75c5\u60c5\uff0c\u4f46\u957f\u671f\u4f7f\u7528\u53ef\u80fd\u4ea7\u751f\u526f\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u4e14\u90e8\u5206\u60a3\u8005\u6548\u679c\u4e0d\u4f73\u3002\u624b\u672f\u6cbb\u7597\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6709\u6548\u7684\u6cbb\u7597\u624b\u6bb5\uff0c\u4f46\u624b\u672f\u98ce\u9669\u3001\u672f\u540e\u590d\u53d1\u7b49\u95ee\u9898\u4ecd\u9700\u5173\u6ce8\u3002\u900f\u6790\u6cbb\u7597\u5219\u65e0\u6cd5\u4ece\u6839\u672c\u4e0a\u89e3\u51b3\u7532\u72b6\u65c1\u817a\u529f\u80fd\u4ea2\u8fdb\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u65b0\u5174\u7684\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u548c\u5206\u6790\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u5bf9\u6d77\u91cf\u7684\u533b\u7597\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u6316\u6398\u548c\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4e3a SHPT \u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u548c\u6cbb\u7597\u63d0\u4f9b\u6709\u529b\u652f\u6301\u3002\u5728\u672f\u524d\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u60a3\u8005\u7684\u75c5\u53f2\u3001\u68c0\u67e5\u7ed3\u679c\u7b49\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u53ef\u4ee5\u51c6\u786e\u9884\u6d4b\u624b\u672f\u98ce\u9669\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u533b\u751f\u5236\u5b9a\u5408\u7406\u7684\u624b\u672f\u65b9\u6848\u3002\u672f\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b9e\u65f6\u76d1\u6d4b\u6570\u636e\u5e76\u5229\u7528\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u53ca\u65f6\u53d1\u73b0\u6f5c\u5728\u98ce\u9669\uff0c\u4fdd\u969c\u624b\u672f\u5b89\u5168\u3002\u672f\u540e\uff0c\u9884\u6d4b\u60a3\u8005\u7684\u6062\u590d\u60c5\u51b5\u548c\u5e76\u53d1\u75c7\u53d1\u751f\u98ce\u9669\uff0c\u4e3a\u672f\u540e\u62a4\u7406\u548c\u5eb7\u590d\u63d0\u4f9b\u6307\u5bfc\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u901a\u8fc7\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u9884\u6d4b SHPT\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u75be\u75c5\u7684\u65e9\u671f\u53d1\u73b0\u548c\u5e72\u9884\uff0c\u964d\u4f4e\u5e76\u53d1\u75c7\u7684\u53d1\u751f\u98ce\u9669\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u60a3\u8005\u7684\u6cbb\u7597\u6548\u679c\u548c\u751f\u6d3b\u8d28\u91cf\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd8\u80fd\u4e3a\u533b\u751f\u5236\u5b9a\u4e2a\u6027\u5316\u7684\u6cbb\u7597\u65b9\u6848\u63d0\u4f9b\u79d1\u5b66\u4f9d\u636e\uff0c\u4f18\u5316\u533b\u7597\u8d44\u6e90\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4e34\u5e8a\u610f\u4e49\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u4ef7\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"1.2%20%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E7%9B%AE%E7%9A%84%E4%B8%8E%E5%88%9B%E6%96%B0%E7%82%B9\" style=\"margin-left:0pt;text-align:left\">1.2 \u7814\u7a76\u76ee\u7684\u4e0e\u521b\u65b0\u70b9 <\/h4>\n<p>\u672c\u7814\u7a76\u65e8\u5728\u5229\u7528\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u5bf9\u7ee7\u53d1\u6027\u7532\u72b6\u65c1\u817a\u529f\u80fd\u4ea2\u8fdb\u7684\u672f\u524d\u3001\u672f\u4e2d\u3001\u672f\u540e\u4ee5\u53ca\u5e76\u53d1\u75c7\u98ce\u9669\u7684\u7cbe\u51c6\u9884\u6d4b\uff0c\u5e76\u6839\u636e\u9884\u6d4b\u7ed3\u679c\u5236\u5b9a\u4e2a\u6027\u5316\u7684\u624b\u672f\u65b9\u6848\u3001\u9ebb\u9189\u65b9\u6848\u548c\u672f\u540e\u62a4\u7406\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u6cbb\u7597\u6548\u679c\uff0c\u964d\u4f4e\u5e76\u53d1\u75c7\u53d1\u751f\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u672c\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u521b\u65b0\u70b9\u5728\u4e8e\u5c06\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u6280\u672f\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u7ee7\u53d1\u6027\u7532\u72b6\u65c1\u817a\u529f\u80fd\u4ea2\u8fdb\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u548c\u6cbb\u7597\u65b9\u6848\u5236\u5b9a\u4e2d\u3002\u4e0e\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u65b9\u6cd5\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u80fd\u591f\u5904\u7406\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u6316\u6398\u6570\u636e\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6f5c\u5728\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u63d0\u9ad8\u9884\u6d4b\u7684\u51c6\u786e\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u5b9e\u73b0\u591a\u7ef4\u5ea6\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e34\u5e8a\u6cbb\u7597\u63d0\u4f9b\u5168\u9762\u7684\u51b3\u7b56\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u63a8\u52a8\u4e2a\u6027\u5316\u533b\u7597\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"%E4%BA%8C%E3%80%81%E7%BB%A7%E5%8F%91%E6%80%A7%E7%94%B2%E7%8A%B6%E6%97%81%E8%85%BA%E5%8A%9F%E8%83%BD%E4%BA%A2%E8%BF%9B%E6%A6%82%E8%BF%B0\" style=\"margin-left:0pt;text-align:left\">\u4e8c\u3001\u7ee7\u53d1\u6027\u7532\u72b6\u65c1\u817a\u529f\u80fd\u4ea2\u8fdb\u6982\u8ff0 <\/h3>\n<h4 id=\"2.1%20%E7%96%BE%E7%97%85%E5%AE%9A%E4%B9%89%E4%B8%8E%E5%8F%91%E7%97%85%E6%9C%BA%E5%88%B6\" style=\"margin-left:0pt;text-align:left\">2.1 \u75be\u75c5\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e0e\u53d1\u75c5\u673a\u5236 <\/h4>\n<p>\u7ee7\u53d1\u6027\u7532\u72b6\u65c1\u817a\u529f\u80fd\u4ea2\u8fdb\u662f\u6307\u5728\u6162\u6027\u80be\u529f\u80fd\u4e0d\u5168\u3001\u80a0\u5438\u6536\u4e0d\u826f\u7efc\u5408\u75c7\u3001Fanconi \u7efc\u5408\u5f81\u548c\u80be\u5c0f\u7ba1\u9178\u4e2d\u6bd2\u3001\u7ef4\u751f\u7d20 D \u7f3a\u4e4f\u6216\u62b5\u6297\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u598a\u5a20\u3001\u54fa\u4e73\u7b49\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u7532\u72b6\u65c1\u817a\u957f\u671f\u53d7\u5230\u4f4e\u8840\u9499\u3001\u4f4e\u8840\u9541\u6216\u9ad8\u8840\u78f7\u7684\u523a\u6fc0\u800c\u5206\u6ccc\u8fc7\u91cf\u7684\u7532\u72b6\u65c1\u817a\u6fc0\u7d20\uff08PTH\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u8840\u9499\u3001\u8840\u9541\u548c\u964d\u4f4e\u8840\u78f7\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u6162\u6027\u4ee3\u507f\u6027\u4e34\u5e8a\u8868\u73b0 \u3002\u957f\u671f\u7684\u7532\u72b6\u65c1\u817a\u589e\u751f\u6700\u7ec8\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u5f62\u6210\u529f\u80fd\u81ea\u4e3b\u7684\u817a\u7624\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u53d1\u75c5\u673a\u5236\u8f83\u4e3a\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u4ee5\u6162\u6027\u80be\u75c5\u5f15\u53d1\u7684 SHPT \u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u5f53\u80be\u529f\u80fd\u53d7\u635f\u65f6\uff0c\u80be\u810f\u6392\u6cc4\u78f7\u9178\u76d0\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u4e0b\u964d\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u8840\u78f7\u5347\u9ad8\u3002\u8840\u78f7\u5347\u9ad8\u4f1a\u4e0e\u8840\u9499\u7ed3\u5408\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u78f7\u9178\u9499\u6c89\u79ef\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4f7f\u8840\u9499\u964d\u4f4e\u3002\u4f4e\u8840\u9499\u4f1a\u523a\u6fc0\u7532\u72b6\u65c1\u817a\u589e\u751f\u548c PTH \u5206\u6ccc\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u4ee5\u7ef4\u6301\u8840\u9499\u6c34\u5e73 \u3002\u80be\u529f\u80fd\u53d7\u635f\u8fd8\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u6d3b\u6027\u7ef4\u751f\u7d20 D \u7684\u5408\u6210\uff0c\u800c\u6d3b\u6027\u7ef4\u751f\u7d20 D \u4e0d\u4ec5\u80fd\u4fc3\u8fdb\u80a0\u9053\u5bf9\u9499\u7684\u5438\u6536\uff0c\u8fd8\u5bf9\u7532\u72b6\u65c1\u817a\u6709\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u6291\u5236\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u6d3b\u6027\u7ef4\u751f\u7d20 D \u7f3a\u4e4f\u4f1a\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u52a0\u91cd\u4f4e\u8840\u9499\uff0c\u523a\u6fc0\u7532\u72b6\u65c1\u817a\u529f\u80fd\u4ea2\u8fdb \u3002<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"2.2%20%E6%B5%81%E8%A1%8C%E7%97%85%E5%AD%A6%E7%8E%B0%E7%8A%B6\" style=\"margin-left:0pt;text-align:left\">2.2 \u6d41\u884c\u75c5\u5b66\u73b0\u72b6 <\/h4>\n<p>\u7ee7\u53d1\u6027\u7532\u72b6\u65c1\u817a\u529f\u80fd\u4ea2\u8fdb\u5728\u5168\u7403\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u7684\u53d1\u75c5\u7387\u8f83\u9ad8\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u6162\u6027\u75be\u75c5\u60a3\u8005\u7fa4\u4f53\u4e2d\u3002\u5728\u6162\u6027\u80be\u75c5\u60a3\u8005\u4e2d\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u80be\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u6076\u5316\uff0cSHPT \u7684\u60a3\u75c5\u7387\u9010\u6e10\u589e\u52a0\u3002\u636e\u7edf\u8ba1\uff0c\u5728\u65e9\u671f\u6162\u6027\u80be\u75c5\u60a3\u8005\u4e2d\uff0cSHPT \u7684\u60a3\u75c5\u7387\u7ea6\u4e3a 10%-20% \uff0c\u800c\u5728\u7ec8\u672b\u671f\u80be\u75c5\u63a5\u53d7\u900f\u6790\u6cbb\u7597\u7684\u60a3\u8005\u4e2d\uff0c\u60a3\u75c5\u7387\u53ef\u9ad8\u8fbe 80% \u4ee5\u4e0a \u3002\u5728\u900f\u6790\u4eba\u7fa4\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u5730\u533a\u7684 SHPT \u60a3\u75c5\u7387\u4e5f\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u5dee\u5f02\u3002\u4e00\u9879\u9488\u5bf9\u4e9a\u6d32\u900f\u6790\u4eba\u7fa4\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u663e\u793a\uff0cSHPT \u7684\u60a3\u75c5\u7387\u5728 60%-90% \u4e4b\u95f4 \u3002\u5728\u6b27\u7f8e\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u900f\u6790\u60a3\u8005\u4e2d SHPT \u7684\u60a3\u75c5\u7387\u4e5f\u5904\u4e8e\u8f83\u9ad8\u6c34\u5e73 \u3002\u9664\u4e86\u6162\u6027\u80be\u75c5\u60a3\u8005\uff0c\u7ef4\u751f\u7d20 D \u7f3a\u4e4f\u4eba\u7fa4\u3001\u80a0\u9053\u5438\u6536\u4e0d\u826f\u60a3\u8005\u7b49\u4e5f\u6709\u8f83\u9ad8\u7684 SHPT \u53d1\u75c5\u98ce\u9669\u3002\u968f\u7740\u4eba\u53e3\u8001\u9f84\u5316\u548c\u6162\u6027\u75be\u75c5\u53d1\u75c5\u7387\u7684\u4e0a\u5347\uff0cSHPT \u7684\u60a3\u75c5\u4eba\u6570\u9884\u8ba1\u5c06\u6301\u7eed\u589e\u52a0\u3002<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"2.3%20%E4%BC%A0%E7%BB%9F%E9%A2%84%E6%B5%8B%E6%96%B9%E6%B3%95%E7%9A%84%E5%B1%80%E9%99%90%E6%80%A7\" style=\"margin-left:0pt;text-align:left\">2.3 \u4f20\u7edf\u9884\u6d4b\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u5c40\u9650\u6027 <\/h4>\n<p>\u76ee\u524d\uff0c\u4e34\u5e8a\u4e0a\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7ee7\u53d1\u6027\u7532\u72b6\u65c1\u817a\u529f\u80fd\u4ea2\u8fdb\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u4e3b\u8981\u4f9d\u9760\u8840\u6db2\u751f\u5316\u6307\u6807\u68c0\u6d4b\u3001\u5f71\u50cf\u5b66\u68c0\u67e5\u7b49\u624b\u6bb5\u3002\u8840\u6db2\u751f\u5316\u6307\u6807\u5982\u8840\u9499\u3001\u8840\u78f7\u3001\u7532\u72b6\u65c1\u817a\u6fc0\u7d20\uff08PTH\uff09\u6c34\u5e73\u7b49\u867d\u7136\u80fd\u53cd\u6620\u60a3\u8005\u7684\u9499\u78f7\u4ee3\u8c22\u548c\u7532\u72b6\u65c1\u817a\u529f\u80fd\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u4f46\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u5c40\u9650\u6027\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6307\u6807\u53ea\u80fd\u53cd\u6620\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u4ee3\u8c22\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u51c6\u786e\u9884\u6d4b\u75be\u75c5\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u8d8b\u52bf\u548c\u5e76\u53d1\u75c7\u7684\u53d1\u751f\u98ce\u9669 \u3002\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u65e9\u671f SHPT \u60a3\u8005\u4e2d\uff0c\u8840\u6db2\u751f\u5316\u6307\u6807\u53ef\u80fd\u4ec5\u51fa\u73b0\u8f7b\u5fae\u5f02\u5e38\uff0c\u96be\u4ee5\u636e\u6b64\u505a\u51fa\u51c6\u786e\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u548c\u8bca\u65ad \u3002\u5f71\u50cf\u5b66\u68c0\u67e5\u5982\u8d85\u58f0\u3001CT\u3001MRI \u7b49\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u89c2\u5bdf\u7532\u72b6\u65c1\u817a\u7684\u5f62\u6001\u3001\u5927\u5c0f\u548c\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u4f46\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e9b\u5fae\u5c0f\u7684\u7532\u72b6\u65c1\u817a\u75c5\u53d8\u6216\u529f\u80fd\u5f02\u5e38\uff0c\u5f71\u50cf\u5b66\u68c0\u67e5\u7684\u654f\u611f\u5ea6\u8f83\u4f4e \u3002\u4f20\u7edf\u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5\u5f80\u5f80\u53ea\u80fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u5355\u4e00\u7ef4\u5ea6\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u96be\u4ee5\u5168\u9762\u8bc4\u4f30\u60a3\u8005\u7684\u75c5\u60c5\u548c\u624b\u672f\u98ce\u9669\u3002\u5728\u5236\u5b9a\u624b\u672f\u65b9\u6848\u65f6\uff0c\u4ec5\u4f9d\u9760\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4f20\u7edf\u65b9\u6cd5\u83b7\u53d6\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u65e0\u6cd5\u5145\u5206\u8003\u8651\u5230\u60a3\u8005\u7684\u4e2a\u4f53\u5dee\u5f02\u548c\u6f5c\u5728\u98ce\u9669\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5f71\u54cd\u624b\u672f\u6548\u679c\u548c\u60a3\u8005\u7684\u9884\u540e \u3002<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"%E4%B8%89%E3%80%81%E5%A4%A7%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E5%8E%9F%E7%90%86%E5%8F%8A%E5%BA%94%E7%94%A8%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%80\" style=\"margin-left:0pt;text-align:left\">\u4e09\u3001\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u6280\u672f\u539f\u7406\u53ca\u5e94\u7528\u57fa\u7840 <\/h3>\n<h4 id=\"3.1%20%E5%A4%A7%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B%E4%BB%8B%E7%BB%8D\" style=\"margin-left:0pt;text-align:left\">3.1 \u5927\u6a21\u578b\u4ecb\u7ecd <\/h4>\n<p>\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u6307\u57fa\u4e8e\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u6846\u67b6\u6784\u5efa\u7684\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u5e9e\u5927\u53c2\u6570\u89c4\u6a21\u548c\u590d\u6742\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u578b \u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6a21\u578b\u80fd\u591f\u5904\u7406\u6d77\u91cf\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u6316\u6398\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u7684\u6f5c\u5728\u6a21\u5f0f\u548c\u89c4\u5f8b \u3002\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u4f18\u52bf\u5728\u4e8e\u5176\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u6cdb\u5316\u80fd\u529b\u548c\u8868\u8fbe\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u591a\u79cd\u4efb\u52a1\u548c\u9886\u57df\u4e2d\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u8272\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\uff0cTransformer \u67b6\u6784\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u88ab\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u67b6\u6784\u3002\u5b83\u4e8e 2017 \u5e74\u7531 Google \u5728\u8bba\u6587\u300aAttention Is All You Need\u300b\u4e2d\u63d0\u51fa \uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u3001\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u89c6\u89c9\u7b49\u9886\u57df\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u663e\u8457\u7684\u6210\u679c\u3002Transformer \u67b6\u6784\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u662f\u81ea\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u673a\u5236\uff08Self-Attention\uff09\uff0c\u8be5\u673a\u5236\u5141\u8bb8\u6a21\u578b\u5728\u5904\u7406\u5e8f\u5217\u6570\u636e\u65f6\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u540c\u65f6\u5173\u6ce8\u8f93\u5165\u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u6355\u6349\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u7684\u957f\u8ddd\u79bb\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb \u3002\u4e0e\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u5faa\u73af\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\uff08RNN\uff09\u548c\u5377\u79ef\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\uff08CNN\uff09\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0cTransformer \u67b6\u6784\u5177\u6709\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u5e76\u884c\u8ba1\u7b97\u80fd\u529b\u548c\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u6027\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u5904\u7406\u66f4\u957f\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u6570\u636e \u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ee5 GPT\uff08Generative Pretrained Transformer\uff09\u7cfb\u5217\u6a21\u578b\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e Transformer \u67b6\u6784\u6784\u5efa\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u751f\u6210\u6a21\u578b \u3002GPT-3 \u6a21\u578b\u62e5\u6709 1750 \u4ebf\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u6587\u672c\u6570\u636e\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\uff0c\u5b66\u4e60\u5230\u4e86\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u77e5\u8bc6\u548c\u8bed\u4e49\u8868\u793a \u3002\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u5bf9 GPT-3 \u8fdb\u884c\u5fae\u8c03\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u591a\u79cd\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u4efb\u52a1\u4e2d\u53d6\u5f97\u4f18\u5f02\u7684\u8868\u73b0\uff0c\u5982\u6587\u672c\u751f\u6210\u3001\u95ee\u7b54\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7b49 \u3002<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"3.2%20%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B%E5%9C%A8%E5%8C%BB%E7%96%97%E9%A2%86%E5%9F%9F%E7%9A%84%E9%80%82%E7%94%A8%E6%80%A7%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90\" style=\"margin-left:0pt;text-align:left\">3.2 \u6a21\u578b\u5728\u533b\u7597\u9886\u57df\u7684\u9002\u7528\u6027\u5206\u6790 <\/h4>\n<p>\u533b\u7597\u9886\u57df\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5177\u6709\u591a\u6a21\u6001\u3001\u9ad8\u7ef4\u5ea6\u3001\u590d\u6742\u6027\u7b49\u7279\u70b9 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