\u5728\u5f53\u4eca\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5f00\u53d1\u9886\u57df，\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7f16\u7a0b（Object-Oriented Programming，\u7b80\u79f0 OOP）\u5df2\u7ecf\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u4e3b\u6d41\u4e14\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u7f16\u7a0b\u8303\u5f0f\u3002C# \u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u95e8\u73b0\u4ee3\u7684\u3001\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00，\u5c06\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u7406\u5ff5\u878d\u5165\u5230\u4e86\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e4b\u4e2d，\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u6784\u5efa\u590d\u6742\u800c\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u652f\u6301\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u662f\u4e00\u540d\u521d\u5b66\u8005，\u6b63\u5728\u8e0f\u4e0a C# \u7a0b\u5e8f\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u4e4b\u65c5，\u90a3\u4e48\u6df1\u5165\u7406\u89e3\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u662f\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4e00\u6b65\u3002\u5b83\u4e0d\u4ec5\u80fd\u591f\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4ee3\u7801，\u63d0\u9ad8\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u6027，\u8fd8\u80fd\u8ba9\u4f60\u4ee5\u4e00\u79cd\u66f4\u52a0\u8d34\u8fd1\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u601d\u8003\u548c\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61，\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u590d\u6742\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u5206\u89e3\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2a\u76f8\u4e92\u534f\u4f5c\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61，\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u90fd\u5c01\u88c5\u4e86\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u6570\u636e\u548c\u884c\u4e3a，\u4ece\u800c\u4f7f\u5f97\u6574\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u66f4\u52a0\u6e05\u6670\u3001\u6613\u4e8e\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n
\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61（Object-Oriented Programming，OOP）\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8bbe\u8ba1\u8303\u5f0f，\u5b83\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u636e\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c01\u88c5\u5728\u4e00\u8d77，\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u5bf9\u8c61\u662f\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7f16\u7a0b\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u6982\u5ff5，\u5b83\u5177\u6709\u72b6\u6001（\u5c5e\u6027）\u548c\u884c\u4e3a（\u65b9\u6cd5）\u3002\u5728C#\u4e2d，\u5bf9\u8c61\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u7c7b（Class）\u6765\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u3002\u7c7b\u662f\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u6a21\u677f，\u5b83\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u4f8b\u5982，\u4e00\u4e2aPerson\u7c7b\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9a\u4e49\u4eba\u7684\u5c5e\u6027（\u5982Name\u3001Age）\u548c\u884c\u4e3a（\u5982Speak\u3001Walk）\u3002<\/p>\n
public class Person
\n{
\n \/\/ \u5c5e\u6027
\n public string Name { get; set; }
\n public int Age { get; set; }<\/p>\n
\/\/ \u65b9\u6cd5
\n public void Speak(string message)
\n {
\n Console.WriteLine($"{Name} says: {message}");
\n }<\/p>\n
public void Walk()
\n {
\n Console.WriteLine($"{Name} is walking");
\n }
\n}<\/p>\n
\u5728\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7f16\u7a0b\u4e2d，\u8fd8\u6709\u4e09\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u7279\u6027：\u5c01\u88c5（Encapsulation）\u3001\u7ee7\u627f（Inheritance）\u548c\u591a\u6001（Polymorphism）\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5c01\u88c5：\u5c01\u88c5\u662f\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u636e\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c01\u88c5\u5728\u4e00\u8d77，\u9690\u85cf\u5185\u90e8\u5b9e\u73b0\u7ec6\u8282，\u53ea\u66b4\u9732\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u3002\u4f8b\u5982，Person\u7c7b\u7684Name\u548cAge\u5c5e\u6027\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7get\u548cset\u8bbf\u95ee\u5668\u6765\u8bbf\u95ee\u548c\u4fee\u6539，\u4f46\u5185\u90e8\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u5b9e\u73b0\u7ec6\u8282\u5bf9\u7528\u6237\u662f\u9690\u85cf\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
\u7ee7\u627f：\u7ee7\u627f\u5141\u8bb8\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b（\u5b50\u7c7b）\u7ee7\u627f\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b（\u7236\u7c7b）\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5b50\u7c7b\u53ef\u4ee5\u6269\u5c55\u6216\u4fee\u6539\u7236\u7c7b\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u4f8b\u5982，Student\u7c7b\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ee7\u627fPerson\u7c7b，\u540c\u65f6\u6dfb\u52a0\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5，\u5982Grade\u548cStudy\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
public class Student : Person
\n{
\n public int Grade { get; set; }<\/p>\n
public void Study()
\n {
\n Console.WriteLine($"{Name} is studying in grade {Grade}");
\n }
\n}<\/p>\n
\u591a\u6001：\u591a\u6001\u5141\u8bb8\u4e00\u4e2a\u63a5\u53e3\u6216\u57fa\u7c7b\u5f15\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u6216\u6d3e\u751f\u7c7b\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u591a\u6001\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f：\u65b9\u6cd5\u91cd\u8f7d（Overloading）\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u8986\u76d6（Overriding）\u3002\u65b9\u6cd5\u91cd\u8f7d\u662f\u6307\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u591a\u4e2a\u540c\u540d\u65b9\u6cd5，\u4f46\u53c2\u6570\u7c7b\u578b\u6216\u6570\u91cf\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u65b9\u6cd5\u8986\u76d6\u662f\u6307\u5b50\u7c7b\u91cd\u5199\u7236\u7c7b\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
public class Animal
\n{
\n public virtual void MakeSound()
\n {
\n Console.WriteLine("Animal makes a sound");
\n }
\n}<\/p>\n
public class Dog : Animal
\n{
\n public override void MakeSound()
\n {
\n Console.WriteLine("Dog barks");
\n }
\n}<\/p>\n
\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7f16\u7a0b\u5177\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4f18\u52bf：<\/p>\n
\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027：\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4f7f\u5f97\u4ee3\u7801\u66f4\u52a0\u6a21\u5757\u5316，\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7c7b\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u72ec\u7acb\u5f00\u53d1\u548c\u7ef4\u62a4\u3002\u4f8b\u5982，Person\u7c7b\u548cStudent\u7c7b\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u522b\u7531\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u5f00\u53d1，\u4e92\u4e0d\u5e72\u6270\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u6027：\u901a\u8fc7\u7ee7\u627f\u548c\u591a\u6001，\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u6269\u5c55\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u4f8b\u5982，\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684Teacher\u7c7b，\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u7ee7\u627fPerson\u7c7b\u5e76\u6dfb\u52a0\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u5373\u53ef\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
\u53ef\u91cd\u7528\u6027：\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4f7f\u5f97\u4ee3\u7801\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u91cd\u7528\u3002\u4f8b\u5982，Person\u7c7b\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u591a\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u88ab\u91cd\u7528，\u800c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u65b0\u7f16\u5199\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
\u53ef\u7406\u89e3\u6027：\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u66f4\u52a0\u63a5\u8fd1\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u601d\u7ef4\u65b9\u5f0f，\u4f7f\u5f97\u4ee3\u7801\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u9605\u8bfb\u3002\u4f8b\u5982，Person\u7c7b\u548cStudent\u7c7b\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u884c\u4e3a\u66f4\u52a0\u76f4\u89c2，\u7b26\u5408\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u4e60\u60ef\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\u5728C#\u4e2d，\u7c7b\u662f\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7f16\u7a0b\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206，\u5b83\u662f\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u6a21\u677f，\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u7c7b\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u901a\u5e38\u5305\u62ec\u6210\u5458\u53d8\u91cf（\u5c5e\u6027）\u548c\u6210\u5458\u65b9\u6cd5（\u884c\u4e3a）\u3002<\/p>\n
[\u8bbf\u95ee\u4fee\u9970\u7b26] class \u7c7b\u540d
\n{
\n \/\/ \u6210\u5458\u53d8\u91cf
\n [\u8bbf\u95ee\u4fee\u9970\u7b26] \u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b \u53d8\u91cf\u540d;<\/p>\n
\/\/ \u6210\u5458\u65b9\u6cd5
\n [\u8bbf\u95ee\u4fee\u9970\u7b26] \u8fd4\u56de\u7c7b\u578b \u65b9\u6cd5\u540d(\u53c2\u6570\u5217\u8868)
\n {
\n \/\/ \u65b9\u6cd5\u4f53
\n }
\n}<\/p>\n
\u6210\u5458\u53d8\u91cf\u662f\u7c7b\u7684\u5c5e\u6027，\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u5404\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b，\u5305\u62ec\u57fa\u672c\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b（\u5982int\u3001string）\u548c\u590d\u6742\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b（\u5982\u5176\u4ed6\u7c7b\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b）\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6210\u5458\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u7c7b\u7684\u884c\u4e3a，\u7528\u4e8e\u5b9a\u4e49\u5bf9\u8c61\u53ef\u4ee5\u6267\u884c\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u53c2\u6570，\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684Car\u7c7b\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49：<\/p>\n
public class Car
\n{
\n \/\/ \u6210\u5458\u53d8\u91cf
\n public string Brand { get; set; }
\n public int Year { get; set; }<\/p>\n
\/\/ \u6210\u5458\u65b9\u6cd5
\n public void Start()
\n {
\n Console.WriteLine($"{Brand} car from {Year} is starting");
\n }<\/p>\n
public void Stop()
\n {
\n Console.WriteLine($"{Brand} car from {Year} is stopping");
\n }
\n}<\/p>\n
C#\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u79cd\u8bbf\u95ee\u4fee\u9970\u7b26，\u7528\u4e8e\u63a7\u5236\u7c7b\u6210\u5458\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u6743\u9650：<\/p>\n
public：\u516c\u5f00\u8bbf\u95ee，\u4efb\u4f55\u5730\u65b9\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
private：\u79c1\u6709\u8bbf\u95ee，\u4ec5\u5728\u7c7b\u5185\u90e8\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
protected：\u53d7\u4fdd\u62a4\u8bbf\u95ee，\u7c7b\u5185\u90e8\u548c\u6d3e\u751f\u7c7b\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
internal：\u5185\u90e8\u8bbf\u95ee，\u4ec5\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u7a0b\u5e8f\u96c6\u5185\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
protected internal：\u53d7\u4fdd\u62a4\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u8bbf\u95ee，\u5f53\u524d\u7a0b\u5e8f\u96c6\u5185\u6216\u6d3e\u751f\u7c7b\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u662f\u7c7b\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u65b9\u6cd5，\u7528\u4e8e\u5728\u521b\u5efa\u5bf9\u8c61\u65f6\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u4e0e\u7c7b\u540d\u76f8\u540c，\u6ca1\u6709\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n
public class Car
\n{
\n public string Brand { get; set; }
\n public int Year { get; set; }<\/p>\n
\/\/ \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570
\n public Car(string brand, int year)
\n {
\n Brand = brand;
\n Year = year;
\n }<\/p>\n
public void Start()
\n {
\n Console.WriteLine($"{Brand} car from {Year} is starting");
\n }
\n}<\/p>\n
\u9759\u6001\u6210\u5458\u5c5e\u4e8e\u7c7b\u672c\u8eab，\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u7c7b\u7684\u67d0\u4e2a\u7279\u5b9a\u5b9e\u4f8b\u3002\u9759\u6001\u6210\u5458\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u7c7b\u540d\u76f4\u63a5\u8bbf\u95ee，\u800c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u521b\u5efa\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n
public class Car
\n{
\n public static int CarCount = 0;<\/p>\n
public string Brand { get; set; }
\n public int Year { get; set; }<\/p>\n
public Car(string brand, int year)
\n {
\n Brand = brand;
\n Year = year;
\n CarCount++;
\n }<\/p>\n
public static void PrintCarCount()
\n {
\n Console.WriteLine($"Total cars: {CarCount}");
\n }
\n}<\/p>\n
\u5bf9\u8c61\u662f\u7c7b\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b，\u901a\u8fc7\u7c7b\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u521b\u5efa\u5bf9\u8c61，\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528new\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u521b\u5efa\u5bf9\u8c61，\u5e76\u8c03\u7528\u7c7b\u7684\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u8fdb\u884c\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n
Car myCar = new Car("Toyota", 2022);<\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u8bbf\u95ee\u5176\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n
myCar.Start(); \/\/ \u8f93\u51fa：Toyota car from 2022 is starting
\nConsole.WriteLine(myCar.Brand); \/\/ \u8f93\u51fa：Toyota<\/p>\n
using System;<\/p>\n
public class Car
\n{
\n public static int CarCount = 0;<\/p>\n
public string Brand { get; set; }
\n public int Year { get; set; }<\/p>\n
public Car(string brand, int year)
\n {
\n Brand = brand;
\n Year = year;
\n CarCount++;
\n }<\/p>\n
public void Start()
\n {
\n Console.WriteLine($"{Brand} car from {Year} is starting");
\n }<\/p>\n
public void Stop()
\n {
\n Console.WriteLine($"{Brand} car from {Year} is stopping");
\n }<\/p>\n
public static void PrintCarCount()
\n {
\n Console.WriteLine($"Total cars: {CarCount}");
\n }
\n}<\/p>\n
public class Program
\n{
\n public static void Main()
\n {
\n Car myCar = new Car("Toyota", 2022);
\n myCar.Start(); \/\/ \u8f93\u51fa：Toyota car from 2022 is starting
\n myCar.Stop(); \/\/ \u8f93\u51fa：Toyota car from 2022 is stopping<\/p>\n
Car.PrintCarCount(); \/\/ \u8f93\u51fa：Total cars: 1
\n }
\n}<\/p>\n
\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u4ece\u521b\u5efa\u5f00\u59cb，\u5230\u88ab\u5783\u573e\u56de\u6536\u5668\u56de\u6536\u7ed3\u675f\u3002\u5728C#\u4e2d，\u5783\u573e\u56de\u6536\u5668\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u7ba1\u7406\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5185\u5b58，\u4f46\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7Dispose\u65b9\u6cd5\u624b\u52a8\u91ca\u653e\u8d44\u6e90\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5728C#\u4e2d，\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u6bd4\u8f83\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5f15\u7528\u6bd4\u8f83\u548c\u503c\u6bd4\u8f83\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0：<\/p>\n
\u5f15\u7528\u6bd4\u8f83：\u4f7f\u7528==\u6216!=\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e24\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5f15\u7528\u662f\u5426\u76f8\u540c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
\u503c\u6bd4\u8f83：\u901a\u8fc7\u91cd\u5199Equals\u65b9\u6cd5\u6216\u5b9e\u73b0IEquatable<T>\u63a5\u53e3\u6765\u6bd4\u8f83\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u503c\u662f\u5426\u76f8\u540c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
public class Car : IEquatable<Car>
\n{
\n public string Brand { get; set; }
\n public int Year { get; set; }<\/p>\n
public Car(string brand, int year)
\n {
\n Brand = brand;
\n Year = year;
\n }<\/p>\n
public override bool Equals(object obj)
\n {
\n return Equals(obj as Car);
\n }<\/p>\n
public bool Equals(Car other)
\n {
\n return other != null && Brand == other.Brand && Year == other.Year;
\n }<\/p>\n
public override int GetHashCode()
\n {
\n return HashCode.Combine(Brand, Year);
\n }
\n}<\/p>\n
public class Program
\n{
\n public static void Main()
\n {
\n Car car1 = new Car("Toyota", 2022);
\n Car car2 = new Car("Toyota", 2022);<\/p>\n
Console.WriteLine(car1 == car2); \/\/ \u8f93\u51fa：False
\n Console.WriteLine(car1.Equals(car2)); \/\/ \u8f93\u51fa：True
\n }
\n}<\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5185\u5bb9，\u6211\u4eec\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u7c7b\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e0e\u7ed3\u6784，\u4ee5\u53ca\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u521b\u5efa\u4e0e\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u662f\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7f16\u7a0b\u7684\u57fa\u7840，\u638c\u63e1\u5b83\u4eec\u5c06\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u5e94\u7528C#\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u7279\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5c01\u88c5\u662f\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7f16\u7a0b\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u7279\u6027\u4e4b\u4e00，\u5b83\u5141\u8bb8\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u636e\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c01\u88c5\u5728\u4e00\u8d77，\u9690\u85cf\u5185\u90e8\u5b9e\u73b0\u7ec6\u8282，\u53ea\u66b4\u9732\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u3002\u5728C#\u4e2d，\u5c01\u88c5\u4e3b\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\u8bbf\u95ee\u4fee\u9970\u7b26\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n
\u79c1\u6709\u6210\u5458\u662f\u7c7b\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u5b9e\u73b0\u7ec6\u8282，\u53ea\u80fd\u5728\u7c7b\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u72b6\u6001，\u5982\u6210\u5458\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u6210\u5458\u53d8\u91cf\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3aprivate，\u53ef\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62\u5916\u90e8\u4ee3\u7801\u76f4\u63a5\u8bbf\u95ee\u548c\u4fee\u6539\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53d8\u91cf，\u4ece\u800c\u4fdd\u62a4\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/p>\n
public class Person
\n{
\n private string name;
\n private int age;<\/p>\n
public void SetName(string name)
\n {
\n this.name = name;
\n }<\/p>\n
public string GetName()
\n {
\n return name;
\n }<\/p>\n
public void SetAge(int age)
\n {
\n this.age = age;
\n }<\/p>\n
public int GetAge()
\n {
\n return age;
\n }
\n}<\/p>\n
\u516c\u6709\u63a5\u53e3\u662f\u7c7b\u5bf9\u5916\u66b4\u9732\u7684\u63a5\u53e3，\u5141\u8bb8\u5916\u90e8\u4ee3\u7801\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e9b\u63a5\u53e3\u4e0e\u5bf9\u8c61\u8fdb\u884c\u4ea4\u4e92\u3002\u516c\u6709\u63a5\u53e3\u901a\u5e38\u7531\u516c\u6709\u65b9\u6cd5\u7ec4\u6210，\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbf\u95ee\u548c\u4fee\u6539\u79c1\u6709\u6210\u5458\u53d8\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n
public class Person
\n{
\n private string name;
\n private int age;<\/p>\n
public void SetName(string name)
\n {
\n this.name = name;
\n }<\/p>\n
public string GetName()
\n {
\n return name;
\n }<\/p>\n
public void SetAge(int age)
\n {
\n this.age = age;
\n }<\/p>\n
public int GetAge()
\n {
\n return age;
\n }
\n}<\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f，Person\u7c7b\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u5b9e\u73b0\u7ec6\u8282\u88ab\u9690\u85cf\u8d77\u6765，\u5916\u90e8\u4ee3\u7801\u53ea\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7SetName\u3001GetName\u3001SetAge\u548cGetAge\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u8bbf\u95ee\u548c\u4fee\u6539\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5c01\u88c5\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u4f18\u52bf\u5305\u62ec：<\/p>\n
\u6570\u636e\u9690\u85cf：\u4fdd\u62a4\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u72b6\u6001，\u9632\u6b62\u5916\u90e8\u4ee3\u7801\u76f4\u63a5\u8bbf\u95ee\u548c\u4fee\u6539\u79c1\u6709\u6210\u5458\u53d8\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
\u4ee3\u7801\u5b89\u5168\u6027：\u901a\u8fc7\u63a7\u5236\u5bf9\u6210\u5458\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee，\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u59cb\u7ec8\u4fdd\u6301\u4e00\u81f4\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
\u4ee3\u7801\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027：\u5c01\u88c5\u4f7f\u5f97\u4ee3\u7801\u66f4\u52a0\u6a21\u5757\u5316，\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7c7b\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u72ec\u7acb\u5f00\u53d1\u548c\u7ef4\u62a4，\u4e92\u4e0d\u5e72\u6270\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\u5728C#\u4e2d，\u5c5e\u6027（Properties）\u662f\u5c01\u88c5\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u5c5e\u6027\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u66f4\u7b80\u6d01\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u8bbf\u95ee\u548c\u4fee\u6539\u79c1\u6709\u6210\u5458\u53d8\u91cf，\u540c\u65f6\u4fdd\u6301\u5c01\u88c5\u7684\u7279\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5c5e\u6027\u7531get\u548cset\u8bbf\u95ee\u5668\u7ec4\u6210，\u5206\u522b\u7528\u4e8e\u83b7\u53d6\u548c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u79c1\u6709\u6210\u5458\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u503c\u3002get\u8bbf\u95ee\u5668\u8fd4\u56de\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u503c，set\u8bbf\u95ee\u5668\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n
public class Person
\n{
\n private string name;
\n private int age;<\/p>\n
public string Name
\n {
\n get { return name; }
\n set { name = value; }
\n }<\/p>\n
public int Age
\n {
\n get { return age; }
\n set { age = value; }
\n }
\n}<\/p>\n
C#\u8fd8\u652f\u6301\u81ea\u52a8\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u5c5e\u6027，\u8fd9\u79cd\u5c5e\u6027\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u663e\u5f0f\u5b9a\u4e49\u79c1\u6709\u6210\u5458\u53d8\u91cf，\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u751f\u6210\u79c1\u6709\u6210\u5458\u53d8\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n
public class Person
\n{
\n public string Name { get; set; }
\n public int Age { get; set; }
\n}<\/p>\n
\u5c5e\u6027\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u53ea\u8bfb\u7684\u6216\u53ea\u5199\u7684\u3002\u53ea\u8bfb\u5c5e\u6027\u53ea\u6709get\u8bbf\u95ee\u5668，\u6ca1\u6709set\u8bbf\u95ee\u5668；\u53ea\u5199\u5c5e\u6027\u53ea\u6709set\u8bbf\u95ee\u5668，\u6ca1\u6709get\u8bbf\u95ee\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n
public class Person
\n{
\n private string name;
\n private int age;<\/p>\n
public string Name
\n {
\n get { return name; }
\n }<\/p>\n
public int Age
\n {
\n set { age = value; }
\n }
\n}<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u5305\u62ec：<\/p>\n
\u7b80\u6d01\u6027：\u5c5e\u6027\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u66f4\u7b80\u6d01\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u8bbf\u95ee\u548c\u4fee\u6539\u79c1\u6709\u6210\u5458\u53d8\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
\u5c01\u88c5\u6027：\u5c5e\u6027\u4ecd\u7136\u4fdd\u6301\u5c01\u88c5\u7684\u7279\u6027，\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728get\u548cset\u8bbf\u95ee\u5668\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u903b\u8f91，\u5982\u9a8c\u8bc1\u8f93\u5165\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
\u7075\u6d3b\u6027：\u5c5e\u6027\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e0d\u6539\u53d8\u5916\u90e8\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b，\u968f\u65f6\u4fee\u6539\u5185\u90e8\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5185\u5bb9，\u6211\u4eec\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u5c01\u88c5\u673a\u5236，\u5305\u62ec\u79c1\u6709\u6210\u5458\u4e0e\u516c\u6709\u63a5\u53e3\u7684\u4f7f\u7528，\u4ee5\u53ca\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u548c\u4f18\u52bf\u3002\u5c01\u88c5\u662f\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7f16\u7a0b\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u7279\u6027，\u638c\u63e1\u5b83\u5c06\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u8bbe\u8ba1\u548c\u5b9e\u73b0C#\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n
\u7ee7\u627f\u662f\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7f16\u7a0b\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u7279\u6027\u4e4b\u4e00，\u5b83\u5141\u8bb8\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b（\u6d3e\u751f\u7c7b）\u7ee7\u627f\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b（\u57fa\u7c7b）\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u7ee7\u627f，\u6d3e\u751f\u7c7b\u53ef\u4ee5\u590d\u7528\u57fa\u7c7b\u7684\u4ee3\u7801，\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6dfb\u52a0\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5，\u6216\u8005\u4fee\u6539\u57fa\u7c7b\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5728C#\u4e2d，\u4f7f\u7528:\u7b26\u53f7\u6765\u8868\u793a\u7ee7\u627f\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u6d3e\u751f\u7c7b\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ee7\u627f\u57fa\u7c7b\u7684\u516c\u6709\u6210\u5458\u548c\u53d7\u4fdd\u62a4\u6210\u5458，\u4f46\u4e0d\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u8bbf\u95ee\u57fa\u7c7b\u7684\u79c1\u6709\u6210\u5458\u3002<\/p>\n
public class Animal
\n{
\n public string Name { get; set; }<\/p>\n
public Animal(string name)
\n {
\n Name = name;
\n }<\/p>\n
public virtual void MakeSound()
\n {
\n Console.WriteLine($"{Name} makes a sound");
\n }
\n}<\/p>\n
public class Dog : Animal
\n{
\n public Dog(string name) : base(name)
\n {
\n }<\/p>\n
public void Bark()
\n {
\n Console.WriteLine($"{Name} barks");
\n }
\n}<\/p>\n
\u6d3e\u751f\u7c7b\u7684\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7base\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u8c03\u7528\u57fa\u7c7b\u7684\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u57fa\u7c7b\u6210\u5458\u3002\u5982\u679c\u57fa\u7c7b\u6ca1\u6709\u65e0\u53c2\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570，\u6d3e\u751f\u7c7b\u5fc5\u987b\u663e\u5f0f\u8c03\u7528\u57fa\u7c7b\u7684\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n
public class Animal
\n{
\n public string Name { get; set; }<\/p>\n
public Animal(string name)
\n {
\n Name = name;
\n }
\n}<\/p>\n
public class Dog : Animal
\n{
\n public Dog(string name) : base(name)
\n {
\n }
\n}<\/p>\n
public：\u516c\u5f00\u8bbf\u95ee，\u6d3e\u751f\u7c7b\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbf\u95ee\u57fa\u7c7b\u7684\u516c\u6709\u6210\u5458\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
protected：\u53d7\u4fdd\u62a4\u8bbf\u95ee，\u6d3e\u751f\u7c7b\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbf\u95ee\u57fa\u7c7b\u7684\u53d7\u4fdd\u62a4\u6210\u5458\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
private：\u79c1\u6709\u8bbf\u95ee，\u6d3e\u751f\u7c7b\u4e0d\u80fd\u8bbf\u95ee\u57fa\u7c7b\u7684\u79c1\u6709\u6210\u5458\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
internal：\u5185\u90e8\u8bbf\u95ee，\u6d3e\u751f\u7c7b\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u7a0b\u5e8f\u96c6\u5185\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbf\u95ee\u57fa\u7c7b\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u6210\u5458\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
protected internal：\u53d7\u4fdd\u62a4\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u8bbf\u95ee，\u6d3e\u751f\u7c7b\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u7a0b\u5e8f\u96c6\u5185\u6216\u6d3e\u751f\u7c7b\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbf\u95ee\u57fa\u7c7b\u7684\u53d7\u4fdd\u62a4\u5185\u90e8\u6210\u5458\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
public class Animal
\n{
\n public string Name { get; set; }<\/p>\n
public Animal(string name)
\n {
\n Name = name;
\n }<\/p>\n
public virtual void MakeSound()
\n {
\n Console.WriteLine($"{Name} makes a sound");
\n }
\n}<\/p>\n
public class Dog : Animal
\n{
\n public Dog(string name) : base(name)
\n {
\n }<\/p>\n
public override void MakeSound()
\n {
\n Console.WriteLine($"{Name} barks");
\n }<\/p>\n
public void Bark()
\n {
\n Console.WriteLine($"{Name} barks");
\n }
\n}<\/p>\n
public class Program
\n{
\n public static void Main()
\n {
\n Animal myAnimal = new Animal("Generic Animal");
\n myAnimal.MakeSound(); \/\/ \u8f93\u51fa：Generic Animal makes a sound<\/p>\n
Dog myDog = new Dog("Buddy");
\n myDog.MakeSound(); \/\/ \u8f93\u51fa：Buddy barks
\n myDog.Bark(); \/\/ \u8f93\u51fa：Buddy barks
\n }
\n}<\/p>\n
\u4ee3\u7801\u590d\u7528：\u6d3e\u751f\u7c7b\u53ef\u4ee5\u590d\u7528\u57fa\u7c7b\u7684\u4ee3\u7801，\u51cf\u5c11\u91cd\u590d\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u6027：\u901a\u8fc7\u7ee7\u627f，\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u6269\u5c55\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
\u5c42\u6b21\u7ed3\u6784：\u7ee7\u627f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f62\u6210\u7c7b\u7684\u5c42\u6b21\u7ed3\u6784，\u4f7f\u5f97\u4ee3\u7801\u66f4\u52a0\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u548c\u6613\u4e8e\u7ba1\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\u591a\u6001\u662f\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7f16\u7a0b\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6838\u5fc3\u7279\u6027，\u5b83\u5141\u8bb8\u4e00\u4e2a\u63a5\u53e3\u6216\u57fa\u7c7b\u5f15\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u6216\u6d3e\u751f\u7c7b\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u591a\u6001\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f：\u65b9\u6cd5\u91cd\u8f7d（Overloading）\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u8986\u76d6（Overriding）\u3002<\/p>\n
\u65b9\u6cd5\u91cd\u5199\u662f\u6307\u6d3e\u751f\u7c7b\u91cd\u5199\u57fa\u7c7b\u7684\u865a\u65b9\u6cd5（virtual\u65b9\u6cd5）\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u65b9\u6cd5\u91cd\u5199，\u6d3e\u751f\u7c7b\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u4f9b\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0，\u800c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u57fa\u7c7b\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u884c\u4e3a\u3002<\/p>\n
public class Animal
\n{
\n public string Name { get; set; }<\/p>\n
public Animal(string name)
\n {
\n Name = name;
\n }<\/p>\n
public virtual void MakeSound()
\n {
\n Console.WriteLine($"{Name} makes a sound");
\n }
\n}<\/p>\n
public class Dog : Animal
\n{
\n public Dog(string name) : base(name)
\n {
\n }<\/p>\n
public override void MakeSound()
\n {
\n Console.WriteLine($"{Name} barks");
\n }
\n}<\/p>\n
\u865a\u65b9\u6cd5（virtual）：\u865a\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6d3e\u751f\u7c7b\u4e2d\u88ab\u91cd\u5199\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
\u5bc6\u5c01\u65b9\u6cd5（sealed）：\u5bc6\u5c01\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u6d3e\u751f\u7c7b\u91cd\u5199\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
public class Animal
\n{
\n public string Name { get; set; }<\/p>\n
public Animal(string name)
\n {
\n Name = name;
\n }<\/p>\n
public virtual void MakeSound()
\n {
\n Console.WriteLine($"{Name} makes a sound");
\n }
\n}<\/p>\n
public class Dog : Animal
\n{
\n public Dog(string name) : base(name)
\n {
\n }<\/p>\n
public override sealed void MakeSound()
\n {
\n Console.WriteLine($"{Name} barks");
\n }
\n}<\/p>\n
public class Animal
\n{
\n public string Name { get; set; }<\/p>\n
public Animal(string name)
\n {
\n Name = name;
\n }<\/p>\n
public virtual void MakeSound()
\n {
\n Console.WriteLine($"{Name} makes a sound");
\n }
\n}<\/p>\n
public class Dog : Animal
\n{
\n public Dog(string name) : base(name)
\n {
\n }<\/p>\n
public override void MakeSound()
\n {
\n Console.WriteLine($"{Name} barks");
\n }
\n}<\/p>\n
public class Cat : Animal
\n{
\n public Cat(string name) : base(name)
\n {
\n }<\/p>\n
public override void MakeSound()
\n {
\n Console.WriteLine($"{Name} meows");
\n }
\n}<\/p>\n
public class Program
\n{
\n public static void Main()
\n {
\n Animal myAnimal = new Animal("Generic Animal");
\n myAnimal.MakeSound(); \/\/ \u8f93\u51fa：Generic Animal makes a sound<\/p>\n
Animal myDog = new Dog("Buddy");
\n myDog.MakeSound(); \/\/ \u8f93\u51fa：Buddy barks<\/p>\n
Animal myCat = new Cat("Whiskers");
\n myCat.MakeSound(); \/\/ \u8f93\u51fa：Whiskers meows
\n }
\n}<\/p>\n
\u65b9\u6cd5\u91cd\u8f7d\u662f\u6307\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u591a\u4e2a\u540c\u540d\u65b9\u6cd5，\u4f46\u53c2\u6570\u7c7b\u578b\u6216\u6570\u91cf\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u65b9\u6cd5\u91cd\u8f7d\u5141\u8bb8\u65b9\u6cd5\u6839\u636e\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n
public class Calculator
\n{
\n public int Add(int a, int b)
\n {
\n return a + b;
\n }<\/p>\n
public double Add(double a, double b)
\n {
\n return a + b;
\n }
\n}<\/p>\n
public class Calculator
\n{
\n public int Add(int a, int b)
\n {
\n return a + b;
\n }<\/p>\n
public double Add(double a, double b)
\n {
\n return a + b;
\n }
\n}<\/p>\n
public class Program
\n{
\n public static void Main()
\n {
\n Calculator calc = new Calculator();
\n Console.WriteLine(calc.Add(5, 3)); \/\/ \u8f93\u51fa：8
\n Console.WriteLine(calc.Add(5.5, 3.3)); \/\/ \u8f93\u51fa：8.8
\n }
\n}<\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5185\u5bb9，\u6211\u4eec\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u7ee7\u627f\u673a\u5236，\u5305\u62ec\u57fa\u7c7b\u4e0e\u6d3e\u751f\u7c7b\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u3001\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u7ee7\u627f\u3001\u8bbf\u95ee\u4fee\u9970\u7b26\u4e0e\u7ee7\u627f\u7684\u5173\u7cfb，\u4ee5\u53ca\u65b9\u6cd5\u91cd\u5199\u4e0e\u591a\u6001\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u638c\u63e1\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5185\u5bb9\u5c06\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u5e94\u7528C#\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u7279\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5728\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7f16\u7a0b\u4e2d，\u591a\u6001\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u7279\u6027，\u5b83\u5141\u8bb8\u4e00\u4e2a\u63a5\u53e3\u6216\u57fa\u7c7b\u5f15\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u6216\u6d3e\u751f\u7c7b\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u591a\u6001\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f：\u65b9\u6cd5\u91cd\u8f7d（Overloading）\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u91cd\u5199（Overriding）\u3002\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\u5728C#\u4e2d\u90fd\u6709\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n
\u65b9\u6cd5\u91cd\u8f7d\u662f\u6307\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u591a\u4e2a\u540c\u540d\u65b9\u6cd5，\u4f46\u53c2\u6570\u7c7b\u578b\u6216\u6570\u91cf\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u65b9\u6cd5\u91cd\u8f7d\u5141\u8bb8\u65b9\u6cd5\u6839\u636e\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u4ee3\u7801\u66f4\u52a0\u7075\u6d3b\u548c\u6613\u4e8e\u7ef4\u62a4\u3002<\/p>\n
public class Calculator
\n{
\n public int Add(int a, int b)
\n {
\n return a + b;
\n }<\/p>\n
public double Add(double a, double b)
\n {
\n return a + b;
\n }
\n}<\/p>\n
\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d，Calculator\u7c7b\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e24\u4e2aAdd\u65b9\u6cd5，\u4e00\u4e2a\u63a5\u53d7\u4e24\u4e2aint\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u53c2\u6570，\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u63a5\u53d7\u4e24\u4e2adouble\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u91cd\u8f7d\u4f7f\u5f97\u8c03\u7528\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u9700\u8981\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n
\u65b9\u6cd5\u91cd\u5199\u662f\u6307\u6d3e\u751f\u7c7b\u91cd\u5199\u57fa\u7c7b\u7684\u865a\u65b9\u6cd5（virtual\u65b9\u6cd5）\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u65b9\u6cd5\u91cd\u5199，\u6d3e\u751f\u7c7b\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u4f9b\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0，\u800c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u57fa\u7c7b\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u4ee3\u7801\u66f4\u52a0\u7075\u6d3b\u548c\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u3002<\/p>\n
public class Animal
\n{
\n public string Name { get; set; }<\/p>\n
public Animal(string name)
\n {
\n Name = name;
\n }<\/p>\n
public virtual void MakeSound()
\n {
\n Console.WriteLine($"{Name} makes a sound");
\n }
\n}<\/p>\n
public class Dog : Animal
\n{
\n public Dog(string name) : base(name)
\n {
\n }<\/p>\n
public override void MakeSound()
\n {
\n Console.WriteLine($"{Name} barks");
\n }
\n}<\/p>\n
\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d，Dog\u7c7b\u91cd\u5199\u4e86Animal\u7c7b\u7684MakeSound\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5f53\u8c03\u7528Dog\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684MakeSound\u65b9\u6cd5\u65f6，\u5c06\u6267\u884cDog\u7c7b\u4e2d\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0，\u800c\u4e0d\u662fAnimal\u7c7b\u4e2d\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n
public class Calculator
\n{
\n public int Add(int a, int b)
\n {
\n return a + b;
\n }<\/p>\n
public double Add(double a, double b)
\n {
\n return a + b;
\n }
\n}<\/p>\n
public class Animal
\n{
\n public string Name { get; set; }<\/p>\n
public Animal(string name)
\n {
\n Name = name;
\n }<\/p>\n
public virtual void MakeSound()
\n {
\n Console.WriteLine($"{Name} makes a sound");
\n }
\n}<\/p>\n
public class Dog : Animal
\n{
\n public Dog(string name) : base(name)
\n {
\n }<\/p>\n
public override void MakeSound()
\n {
\n Console.WriteLine($"{Name} barks");
\n }
\n}<\/p>\n
public class Program
\n{
\n public static void Main()
\n {
\n Calculator calc = new Calculator();
\n Console.WriteLine(calc.Add(5, 3)); \/\/ \u8f93\u51fa：8
\n Console.WriteLine(calc.Add(5.5, 3.3)); \/\/ \u8f93\u51fa：8.8<\/p>\n
Animal myAnimal = new Animal("Generic Animal");
\n myAnimal.MakeSound(); \/\/ \u8f93\u51fa：Generic Animal makes a sound<\/p>\n
Animal myDog = new Dog("Buddy");
\n myDog.MakeSound(); \/\/ \u8f93\u51fa：Buddy barks
\n }
\n}<\/p>\n
\u65b9\u6cd5\u91cd\u8f7d：<\/p>\n
\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u591a\u4e2a\u540c\u540d\u65b9\u6cd5，\u4f46\u53c2\u6570\u7c7b\u578b\u6216\u6570\u91cf\u4e0d\u540c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u63d0\u4f9b\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u5b9e\u73b0，\u4ee5\u6ee1\u8db3\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8c03\u7528\u9700\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
\u65b9\u6cd5\u91cd\u5199：<\/p>\n
\u5728\u6d3e\u751f\u7c7b\u4e2d\u91cd\u5199\u57fa\u7c7b\u7684\u865a\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u6269\u5c55\u6216\u4fee\u6539\u57fa\u7c7b\u7684\u884c\u4e3a，\u800c\u4e0d\u5f71\u54cd\u57fa\u7c7b\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\u63a5\u53e3（Interface）\u548c\u62bd\u8c61\u7c7b（Abstract Class）\u662fC#\u4e2d\u5b9e\u73b0\u591a\u6001\u7684\u4e24\u79cd\u91cd\u8981\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u90fd\u5141\u8bb8\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u901a\u7528\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u6216\u6a21\u677f，\u4f46\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u7531\u6d3e\u751f\u7c7b\u63d0\u4f9b\u3002<\/p>\n
\u63a5\u53e3\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5b8c\u5168\u62bd\u8c61\u7684\u7c7b，\u5b83\u53ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u5c5e\u6027\u3001\u4e8b\u4ef6\u548c\u7d22\u5f15\u5668\u7684\u7b7e\u540d，\u4f46\u4e0d\u63d0\u4f9b\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u63a5\u53e3\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6210\u5458\u90fd\u662f\u9690\u5f0f\u62bd\u8c61\u7684，\u4e0d\u80fd\u5305\u542b\u4efb\u4f55\u5177\u4f53\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n
public interface IAnimal
\n{
\n void MakeSound();
\n}<\/p>\n
\u6d3e\u751f\u7c7b\u5fc5\u987b\u5b9e\u73b0\u63a5\u53e3\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6210\u5458\u3002\u63a5\u53e3\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u591a\u4e2a\u7c7b\u5b9e\u73b0，\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u63a5\u53e3\u975e\u5e38\u9002\u5408\u5b9a\u4e49\u901a\u7528\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u3002<\/p>\n
public class Dog : IAnimal
\n{
\n public void MakeSound()
\n {
\n Console.WriteLine("Dog barks");
\n }
\n}<\/p>\n
public class Cat : IAnimal
\n{
\n public void MakeSound()
\n {
\n Console.WriteLine("Cat meows");
\n }
\n}<\/p>\n
\u62bd\u8c61\u7c7b\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316\u7684\u7c7b，\u5b83\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u901a\u7528\u7684\u6210\u5458，\u4f46\u5141\u8bb8\u6d3e\u751f\u7c7b\u63d0\u4f9b\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u62bd\u8c61\u7c7b\u53ef\u4ee5\u5305\u542b\u62bd\u8c61\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u62bd\u8c61\u5c5e\u6027\u3001\u5177\u4f53\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u5177\u4f53\u5c5e\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n
public abstract class Animal
\n{
\n public string Name { get; set; }<\/p>\n
public Animal(string name)
\n {
\n Name = name;
\n }<\/p>\n
public abstract void MakeSound();
\n}<\/p>\n
\u6d3e\u751f\u7c7b\u5fc5\u987b\u5b9e\u73b0\u62bd\u8c61\u7c7b\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u6240\u6709\u62bd\u8c61\u6210\u5458\u3002\u62bd\u8c61\u7c7b\u53ef\u4ee5\u5305\u542b\u5177\u4f53\u5b9e\u73b0，\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u62bd\u8c61\u7c7b\u66f4\u9002\u5408\u5b9a\u4e49\u901a\u7528\u7684\u6a21\u677f\u548c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u884c\u4e3a\u3002<\/p>\n
public class Dog : Animal
\n{
\n public Dog(string name) : base(name)
\n {
\n }<\/p>\n
public override void MakeSound()
\n {
\n Console.WriteLine($"{Name} barks");
\n }
\n}<\/p>\n
public class Cat : Animal
\n{
\n public Cat(string name) : base(name)
\n {
\n }<\/p>\n
public override void MakeSound()
\n {
\n Console.WriteLine($"{Name} meows");
\n }
\n}<\/p>\n
\u63a5\u53e3：<\/p>\n
\u5b8c\u5168\u62bd\u8c61，\u4e0d\u80fd\u5305\u542b\u5177\u4f53\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u591a\u4e2a\u7c7b\u5b9e\u73b0，\u9002\u5408\u5b9a\u4e49\u901a\u7528\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
\u6210\u5458\u9ed8\u8ba4\u90fd\u662fpublic，\u4e0d\u80fd\u6709\u8bbf\u95ee\u4fee\u9970\u7b26\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
\u62bd\u8c61\u7c7b：<\/p>\n
\u53ef\u4ee5\u5305\u542b\u62bd\u8c61\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u5177\u4f53\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
\u53ea\u80fd\u88ab\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u7ee7\u627f，\u9002\u5408\u5b9a\u4e49\u901a\u7528\u7684\u6a21\u677f\u548c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u884c\u4e3a\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
\u6210\u5458\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u8bbf\u95ee\u4fee\u9970\u7b26\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
public interface IAnimal
\n{
\n void MakeSound();
\n}<\/p>\n
public abstract class Animal
\n{
\n public string Name { get; set; }<\/p>\n
public Animal(string name)
\n {
\n Name = name;
\n }<\/p>\n
public abstract void MakeSound();
\n}<\/p>\n
public class Dog : Animal, IAnimal
\n{
\n public Dog(string name) : base(name)
\n {
\n }<\/p>\n
public override void MakeSound()
\n {
\n Console.WriteLine($"{Name} barks");
\n }
\n}<\/p>\n
public class Cat : Animal, IAnimal
\n{
\n public Cat(string name) : base(name)
\n {
\n }<\/p>\n
public override void MakeSound()
\n {
\n Console.WriteLine($"{Name} meows");
\n }
\n}<\/p>\n
public class Program
\n{
\n public static void Main()
\n {
\n IAnimal myDog = new Dog("Buddy");
\n myDog.MakeSound(); \/\/ \u8f93\u51fa：Buddy barks<\/p>\n
IAnimal myCat = new Cat("Whiskers");
\n myCat.MakeSound(); \/\/ \u8f93\u51fa：Whiskers meows
\n }
\n}<\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5185\u5bb9，\u6211\u4eec\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u591a\u6001\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u5f0f，\u5305\u62ec\u65b9\u6cd5\u91cd\u8f7d\u4e0e\u65b9\u6cd5\u91cd\u5199，\u4ee5\u53ca\u63a5\u53e3\u4e0e\u62bd\u8c61\u7c7b\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u638c\u63e1\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5185\u5bb9\u5c06\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u5e94\u7528C#\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u7279\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u662f\u7c7b\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u65b9\u6cd5，\u5176\u4e3b\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u5728\u521b\u5efa\u5bf9\u8c61\u65f6\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u5728C#\u4e2d，\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u5fc5\u987b\u4e0e\u7c7b\u540d\u76f8\u540c，\u5e76\u4e14\u6ca1\u6709\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u8bed\u6cd5\u5982\u4e0b：<\/p>\n
[\u8bbf\u95ee\u4fee\u9970\u7b26] \u7c7b\u540d(\u53c2\u6570\u5217\u8868)
\n{
\n \/\/ \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4ee3\u7801
\n}<\/p>\n
\u4f8b\u5982，\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2aPerson\u7c7b\u7684\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570：<\/p>\n
public class Person
\n{
\n public string Name { get; set; }
\n public int Age { get; set; }<\/p>\n
public Person(string name, int age)
\n {
\n Name = name;
\n Age = age;
\n }
\n}<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d，Person\u7c7b\u7684\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u63a5\u53d7\u4e24\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570name\u548cage，\u5e76\u7528\u5b83\u4eec\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684Name\u548cAge\u5c5e\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u91cd\u8f7d，\u5373\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570，\u53ea\u8981\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u5217\u8868\u4e0d\u540c\u5373\u53ef\u3002\u4f8b\u5982：<\/p>\n
public class Person
\n{
\n public string Name { get; set; }
\n public int Age { get; set; }<\/p>\n
public Person()
\n {
\n Name = "Unknown";
\n Age = 0;
\n }<\/p>\n
public Person(string name)
\n {
\n Name = name;
\n Age = 0;
\n }<\/p>\n
public Person(string name, int age)
\n {
\n Name = name;
\n Age = age;
\n }
\n}<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d，Person\u7c7b\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e09\u4e2a\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570，\u5206\u522b\u7528\u4e8e\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u5c5e\u6027\u3002\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u521b\u5efa\u5bf9\u8c61\u65f6\u66f4\u52a0\u7075\u6d3b\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6d3e\u751f\u7c7b\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ee7\u627f\u57fa\u7c7b\u7684\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570，\u4f46\u4e0d\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u8c03\u7528\u57fa\u7c7b\u7684\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u6d3e\u751f\u7c7b\u7684\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7base\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u663e\u5f0f\u8c03\u7528\u57fa\u7c7b\u7684\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u4f8b\u5982：<\/p>\n
public class Animal
\n{
\n public string Name { get; set; }<\/p>\n
public Animal(string name)
\n {
\n Name = name;
\n }
\n}<\/p>\n
public class Dog : Animal
\n{
\n public Dog(string name) : base(name)
\n {
\n }
\n}<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d，Dog\u7c7b\u7684\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u901a\u8fc7base(name)\u8c03\u7528\u4e86\u57fa\u7c7bAnimal\u7684\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570，\u4ece\u800c\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e86Name\u5c5e\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u4ee5\u4e0b\u573a\u666f：<\/p>\n
\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
\u6267\u884c\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u903b\u8f91，\u5982\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\u6790\u6784\u51fd\u6570\u662f\u7c7b\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u65b9\u6cd5，\u5176\u4e3b\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u5728\u5bf9\u8c61\u88ab\u9500\u6bc1\u65f6\u6267\u884c\u6e05\u7406\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u5728C#\u4e2d，\u6790\u6784\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u4e5f\u662f\u7c7b\u540d，\u4f46\u524d\u9762\u52a0\u4e0a~\u7b26\u53f7，\u5e76\u4e14\u6ca1\u6709\u53c2\u6570\u548c\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6790\u6784\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u8bed\u6cd5\u5982\u4e0b：<\/p>\n
~\u7c7b\u540d()
\n{
\n \/\/ \u6e05\u7406\u4ee3\u7801
\n}<\/p>\n
\u4f8b\u5982，\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2aFileHandler\u7c7b\u7684\u6790\u6784\u51fd\u6570：<\/p>\n
public class FileHandler
\n{
\n private string filePath;<\/p>\n
public FileHandler(string filePath)
\n {
\n this.filePath = filePath;
\n \/\/ \u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6
\n }<\/p>\n
~FileHandler()
\n {
\n \/\/ \u5173\u95ed\u6587\u4ef6
\n }
\n}<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d，FileHandler\u7c7b\u7684\u6790\u6784\u51fd\u6570\u5728\u5bf9\u8c61\u88ab\u9500\u6bc1\u65f6\u5173\u95ed\u6587\u4ef6，\u4ece\u800c\u91ca\u653e\u8d44\u6e90\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6790\u6784\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u6267\u884c\u65f6\u673a\u7531\u5783\u573e\u56de\u6536\u5668（GC）\u51b3\u5b9a\u3002\u5f53\u5783\u573e\u56de\u6536\u5668\u68c0\u6d4b\u5230\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e0d\u518d\u88ab\u5f15\u7528\u65f6，\u4f1a\u8c03\u7528\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u6790\u6784\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u56e0\u6b64，\u6790\u6784\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u6267\u884c\u662f\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u7684，\u4e0d\u80fd\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5728\u5bf9\u8c61\u88ab\u9500\u6bc1\u65f6\u7acb\u5373\u6267\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6790\u6784\u51fd\u6570\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u4ee5\u4e0b\u573a\u666f：<\/p>\n
\u91ca\u653e\u975e\u6258\u7ba1\u8d44\u6e90，\u5982\u6587\u4ef6\u53e5\u67c4\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
\u6267\u884c\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u6e05\u7406\u5de5\u4f5c，\u5982\u5173\u95ed\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u91ca\u653e\u5185\u5b58\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\u6790\u6784\u51fd\u6570\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u91cd\u8f7d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
\u6790\u6784\u51fd\u6570\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u7ee7\u627f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
\u6790\u6784\u51fd\u6570\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u663e\u5f0f\u8c03\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
\u6790\u6784\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u6267\u884c\u662f\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u7684，\u5efa\u8bae\u4f7f\u7528IDisposable\u63a5\u53e3\u6765\u7ba1\u7406\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u91ca\u653e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\u4e3a\u4e86\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7ba1\u7406\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u91ca\u653e，C#\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86IDisposable\u63a5\u53e3\u3002\u5b9e\u73b0IDisposable\u63a5\u53e3\u7684\u7c7b\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7Dispose\u65b9\u6cd5\u663e\u5f0f\u91ca\u653e\u8d44\u6e90\u3002\u4f8b\u5982：<\/p>\n
public class FileHandler : IDisposable
\n{
\n private string filePath;
\n private bool disposed = false;<\/p>\n
public FileHandler(string filePath)
\n {
\n this.filePath = filePath;
\n \/\/ \u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6
\n }<\/p>\n
public void Dispose()
\n {
\n Dispose(true);
\n GC.SuppressFinalize(this);
\n }<\/p>\n
protected virtual void Dispose(bool disposing)
\n {
\n if (!disposed)
\n {
\n if (disposing)
\n {
\n \/\/ \u91ca\u653e\u6258\u7ba1\u8d44\u6e90
\n }
\n \/\/ \u91ca\u653e\u975e\u6258\u7ba1\u8d44\u6e90
\n disposed = true;
\n }
\n }<\/p>\n
~FileHandler()
\n {
\n Dispose(false);
\n }
\n}<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d，FileHandler\u7c7b\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86IDisposable\u63a5\u53e3，\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7Dispose\u65b9\u6cd5\u663e\u5f0f\u91ca\u653e\u8d44\u6e90\u3002\u540c\u65f6，\u6790\u6784\u51fd\u6570\u4ecd\u7136\u5b58\u5728，\u7528\u4e8e\u5728\u5bf9\u8c61\u88ab\u9500\u6bc1\u65f6\u6267\u884c\u6e05\u7406\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5185\u5bb9，\u6211\u4eec\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u4e0e\u6790\u6784\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u4e0e\u4f7f\u7528，\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b83\u4eec\u5728C#\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7f16\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u3002\u638c\u63e1\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5185\u5bb9\u5c06\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u8bbe\u8ba1\u548c\u5b9e\u73b0C#\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n
\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7f16\u7a0b\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d\u6709\u7740\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u5e94\u7528，\u5b83\u80fd\u591f\u5e2e\u52a9\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4ee3\u7801，\u63d0\u9ad8\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u6027\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u9645\u6848\u4f8b，\u901a\u8fc7\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u601d\u8def\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\u4e00\u4e2a\u5177\u4f53\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5f00\u53d1\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u5b66\u6821\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf，\u8be5\u7cfb\u7edf\u9700\u8981\u7ba1\u7406\u5b66\u751f\u3001\u6559\u5e08\u548c\u8bfe\u7a0b\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u5b66\u751f\u548c\u6559\u5e08\u90fd\u5c5e\u4e8e\u5b66\u6821\u4eba\u5458，\u8bfe\u7a0b\u7531\u6559\u5e08\u6388\u8bfe，\u5b66\u751f\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u8bfe\u7a0b\u8fdb\u884c\u5b66\u4e60\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5728\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e2d，\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5b66\u751f\u3001\u6559\u5e08\u3001\u8bfe\u7a0b\u7b49\u6982\u5ff5\u62bd\u8c61\u4e3a\u7c7b，\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u7c7b\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n
Person\u7c7b：\u4f5c\u4e3a\u57fa\u7c7b，\u8868\u793a\u5b66\u6821\u4eba\u5458，\u5305\u542b\u901a\u7528\u5c5e\u6027\u5982\u59d3\u540d\u3001\u5e74\u9f84\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
Student\u7c7b：\u7ee7\u627f\u81eaPerson\u7c7b，\u8868\u793a\u5b66\u751f，\u5305\u542b\u5b66\u751f\u7279\u6709\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u5982\u5b66\u53f7\u3001\u9009\u4fee\u8bfe\u7a0b\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
Teacher\u7c7b：\u7ee7\u627f\u81eaPerson\u7c7b，\u8868\u793a\u6559\u5e08，\u5305\u542b\u6559\u5e08\u7279\u6709\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u5982\u6559\u5e08\u7f16\u53f7\u3001\u6559\u6388\u8bfe\u7a0b\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
Course\u7c7b：\u8868\u793a\u8bfe\u7a0b，\u5305\u542b\u8bfe\u7a0b\u540d\u79f0\u3001\u8bfe\u7a0b\u7f16\u53f7\u3001\u6388\u8bfe\u6559\u5e08\u7b49\u5c5e\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\u7ee7\u627f\u5173\u7cfb：Student\u7c7b\u548cTeacher\u7c7b\u7ee7\u627f\u81eaPerson\u7c7b，\u590d\u7528\u4e86Person\u7c7b\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
\u5173\u8054\u5173\u7cfb：Student\u7c7b\u4e0eCourse\u7c7b\u4e4b\u95f4\u5b58\u5728\u5173\u8054\u5173\u7cfb，\u8868\u793a\u5b66\u751f\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u8bfe\u7a0b；Teacher\u7c7b\u4e0eCourse\u7c7b\u4e4b\u95f4\u4e5f\u5b58\u5728\u5173\u8054\u5173\u7cfb，\u8868\u793a\u6559\u5e08\u53ef\u4ee5\u6559\u6388\u8bfe\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1，\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u5b9e\u73b0\u5b66\u6821\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u529f\u80fd，\u5982\u6dfb\u52a0\u5b66\u751f\u3001\u6dfb\u52a0\u6559\u5e08\u3001\u6dfb\u52a0\u8bfe\u7a0b\u3001\u5b66\u751f\u9009\u8bfe\u3001\u6559\u5e08\u6388\u8bfe\u7b49\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bbe\u8ba1\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f7f\u5f97\u4ee3\u7801\u66f4\u52a0\u6a21\u5757\u5316，\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7c7b\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u72ec\u7acb\u5f00\u53d1\u548c\u7ef4\u62a4，\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u65b9\u4fbf\u4e86\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6269\u5c55\u548c\u4fee\u6539\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u4e0a\u8ff0\u8bbe\u8ba1\u601d\u8def\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b：<\/p>\n
using System;
\nusing System.Collections.Generic;<\/p>\n
\/\/ Person\u7c7b：\u57fa\u7c7b
\npublic class Person
\n{
\n public string Name { get; set; }
\n public int Age { get; set; }<\/p>\n
public Person(string name, int age)
\n {
\n Name = name;
\n Age = age;
\n }
\n}<\/p>\n
\/\/ Student\u7c7b：\u7ee7\u627f\u81eaPerson\u7c7b
\npublic class Student : Person
\n{
\n public string StudentId { get; set; }
\n public List<Course> Courses { get; set; } = new List<Course>();<\/p>\n
public Student(string name, int age, string studentId) : base(name, age)
\n {
\n StudentId = studentId;
\n }<\/p>\n
public void EnrollCourse(Course course)
\n {
\n Courses.Add(course);
\n Console.WriteLine($"{Name} enrolled in {course.CourseName}");
\n }
\n}<\/p>\n
\/\/ Teacher\u7c7b：\u7ee7\u627f\u81eaPerson\u7c7b
\npublic class Teacher : Person
\n{
\n public string TeacherId { get; set; }
\n public List<Course> Courses { get; set; } = new List<Course>();<\/p>\n
public Teacher(string name, int age, string teacherId) : base(name, age)
\n {
\n TeacherId = teacherId;
\n }<\/p>\n
public void AssignCourse(Course course)
\n {
\n Courses.Add(course);
\n Console.WriteLine($"{Name} is assigned to teach {course.CourseName}");
\n }
\n}<\/p>\n
\/\/ Course\u7c7b
\npublic class Course
\n{
\n public string CourseName { get; set; }
\n public string CourseId { get; set; }
\n public Teacher Teacher { get; set; }<\/p>\n
public Course(string courseName, string courseId)
\n {
\n CourseName = courseName;
\n CourseId = courseId;
\n }
\n}<\/p>\n
\/\/ \u4e3b\u7a0b\u5e8f
\npublic class Program
\n{
\n public static void Main()
\n {
\n \/\/ \u521b\u5efa\u5b66\u751f\u548c\u6559\u5e08
\n Student student1 = new Student("Alice", 20, "S001");
\n Teacher teacher1 = new Teacher("Mr. Smith", 40, "T001");<\/p>\n
\/\/ \u521b\u5efa\u8bfe\u7a0b
\n Course course1 = new Course("Mathematics", "C001");<\/p>\n
\/\/ \u6559\u5e08\u6388\u8bfe
\n teacher1.AssignCourse(course1);<\/p>\n
\/\/ \u5b66\u751f\u9009\u8bfe
\n student1.EnrollCourse(course1);
\n }
\n}<\/p>\n
Person\u7c7b：\u4f5c\u4e3a\u57fa\u7c7b，\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u5b66\u6821\u4eba\u5458\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u5c5e\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
Student\u7c7b\u548cTeacher\u7c7b：\u7ee7\u627f\u81eaPerson\u7c7b，\u5206\u522b\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e86\u5b66\u751f\u548c\u6559\u5e08\u7279\u6709\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
Course\u7c7b：\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u8bfe\u7a0b\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u5c5e\u6027，\u5305\u62ec\u8bfe\u7a0b\u540d\u79f0\u3001\u8bfe\u7a0b\u7f16\u53f7\u548c\u6388\u8bfe\u6559\u5e08\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
\u4e3b\u7a0b\u5e8f：\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u5b66\u751f\u3001\u6559\u5e08\u548c\u8bfe\u7a0b\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b，\u5e76\u6f14\u793a\u4e86\u5b66\u751f\u9009\u8bfe\u548c\u6559\u5e08\u6388\u8bfe\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6848\u4f8b，\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7f16\u7a0b\u5728\u89e3\u51b3\u5b9e\u9645\u95ee\u9898\u65f6\u7684\u5f3a\u5927\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u5b83\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4f7f\u5f97\u4ee3\u7801\u66f4\u52a0\u6e05\u6670\u548c\u6613\u4e8e\u7ef4\u62a4，\u8fd8\u65b9\u4fbf\u4e86\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6269\u5c55\u548c\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u589e\u52a0\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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