{"id":52526,"date":"2025-08-11T15:19:30","date_gmt":"2025-08-11T07:19:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/52526.html"},"modified":"2025-08-11T15:19:30","modified_gmt":"2025-08-11T07:19:30","slug":"%e6%95%b0%e6%8d%ae%e7%bb%93%e6%9e%84%e4%ba%8c%e5%8f%89%e6%a0%91%e4%b8%8egdb%e5%ba%94%e7%94%a8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/52526.html","title":{"rendered":"\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u4e0egdb\u5e94\u7528"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u4e00\u3001gdb<\/h3>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u3001\u6811<\/h3>\n

（1）\u57fa\u672c\u6982\u5ff5<\/h4>\n

\u2460\u6811\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49<\/h5>\n

\u6811\u662fn(n\u22650)\u4e2a\u7ed3\u70b9\u7684\u6709\u9650\u96c6\u5408\u3002\u5f53n=0\u65f6\u79f0\u4e3a\u7a7a\u6811；\u975e\u7a7a\u6811\u6ee1\u8db3：<\/p>\n

\u6709\u4e14\u4ec5\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u79f0\u4e3a\u6839(Root)\u7684\u7ed3\u70b9<\/p>\n

\u5176\u4f59\u7ed3\u70b9\u53ef\u5206\u4e3am(m\u22650)\u4e2a\u4e92\u4e0d\u76f8\u4ea4\u7684\u6709\u9650\u96c6\u5408，\u6bcf\u4e2a\u96c6\u5408\u672c\u8eab\u53c8\u662f\u4e00\u68f5\u6811，\u79f0\u4e3a\u6839\u7684\u5b50\u6811(SubTree)<\/p>\n

\u2461\u57fa\u672c\u672f\u8bed<\/h5>\n

\u7ed3\u70b9(Node)：\u6811\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20<\/p>\n

\u6839\u7ed3\u70b9(Root)：\u6ca1\u6709\u524d\u9a71\u7684\u7ed3\u70b9（\u6700\u9876\u5c42\u7684\u7ed3\u70b9）<\/p>\n

\u53f6\u5b50\u7ed3\u70b9(Leaf)：\u6ca1\u6709\u540e\u7ee7\u7684\u7ed3\u70b9（\u5ea6\u4e3a0\u7684\u7ed3\u70b9）<\/p>\n

\u5206\u652f\u7ed3\u70b9(Branch Node)：\u5ea6\u4e0d\u4e3a0\u7684\u7ed3\u70b9<\/p>\n

\u5ea6(Degree)：\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ed3\u70b9\u62e5\u6709\u7684\u5b50\u6811\u6570\u76ee<\/p>\n

\u6811\u7684\u5ea6：\u6811\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u7ed3\u70b9\u5ea6\u7684\u6700\u5927\u503c<\/p>\n

\u5c42\u6b21(Level)：\u6839\u4e3a\u7b2c\u4e00\u5c42，\u5176\u5b69\u5b50\u4e3a\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5c42，\u4ee5\u6b64\u7c7b\u63a8<\/p>\n

\u6df1\u5ea6\/\u9ad8\u5ea6(Depth\/Height)：\u6811\u4e2d\u7ed3\u70b9\u7684\u6700\u5927\u5c42\u6b21\u6570<\/p>\n

\u68ee\u6797(Forest)：m(m\u22650)\u68f5\u4e92\u4e0d\u76f8\u4ea4\u7684\u6811\u7684\u96c6\u5408<\/p>\n

\u2462\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u6027\u8d28<\/h5>\n

\u7b2ci\u5c42\u6700\u591a\u67092^(i-1)\u4e2a\u7ed3\u70b9<\/p>\n

\u6df1\u5ea6\u4e3ak\u7684\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u6700\u591a\u67092^k -1\u4e2a\u7ed3\u70b9<\/p>\n

\u4efb\u610f\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811：n_0 = n_2 + 1（\u53f6\u5b50\u7ed3\u70b9\u6bd4\u5ea6\u4e3a2\u7684\u7ed3\u70b9\u591a1）<\/p>\n

\u2463\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u5206\u7c7b<\/h5>\n

\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811：\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7ed3\u70b9\u6700\u591a\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b50\u6811\u7684\u6811\u7ed3\u6784<\/p>\n

\u6ee1\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811：\u6240\u6709\u5206\u652f\u7ed3\u70b9\u90fd\u6709\u5de6\u53f3\u5b50\u6811\u4e14\u6240\u6709\u53f6\u5b50\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u5c42<\/p>\n

\u5b8c\u5168\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811：\u9664\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u5c42\u5916\u5176\u4ed6\u5c42\u90fd\u8fbe\u5230\u6700\u5927\u7ed3\u70b9\u6570，\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u5c42\u7ed3\u70b9\u4ece\u5de6\u5411\u53f3\u8fde\u7eed\u6392\u5217<\/p>\n

\u2464\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u904d\u5386<\/h5>\n

1. \u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386(DFS)<\/p>\n

(1) \u5148\u5e8f\u904d\u5386(Preorder Traversal)
\n\u8bbf\u95ee\u987a\u5e8f：\u6839\u7ed3\u70b9 \u2192 \u5de6\u5b50\u6811 \u2192 \u53f3\u5b50\u6811
\n\u7b97\u6cd5：<\/p>\n

\u8bbf\u95ee\u6839\u7ed3\u70b9<\/p>\n

\u5148\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u5de6\u5b50\u6811<\/p>\n

\u5148\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u53f3\u5b50\u6811<\/p>\n

(2) \u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386(Inorder Traversal)
\n\u8bbf\u95ee\u987a\u5e8f：\u5de6\u5b50\u6811 \u2192 \u6839\u7ed3\u70b9 \u2192 \u53f3\u5b50\u6811
\n\u7b97\u6cd5：<\/p>\n

\u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u5de6\u5b50\u6811<\/p>\n

\u8bbf\u95ee\u6839\u7ed3\u70b9<\/p>\n

\u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u53f3\u5b50\u6811<\/p>\n

(3) \u540e\u5e8f\u904d\u5386(Postorder Traversal)
\n\u8bbf\u95ee\u987a\u5e8f：\u5de6\u5b50\u6811 \u2192 \u53f3\u5b50\u6811 \u2192 \u6839\u7ed3\u70b9
\n\u7b97\u6cd5：<\/p>\n

\u540e\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u5de6\u5b50\u6811<\/p>\n

\u540e\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u53f3\u5b50\u6811<\/p>\n

\u8bbf\u95ee\u6839\u7ed3\u70b9<\/p>\n

2. \u5e7f\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386(BFS)<\/p>\n

\u5c42\u6b21\u904d\u5386(Level Order Traversal)
\n\u8bbf\u95ee\u987a\u5e8f：\u4ece\u4e0a\u5230\u4e0b\u3001\u4ece\u5de6\u5230\u53f3\u9010\u5c42\u8bbf\u95ee
\n\u7b97\u6cd5（\u4f7f\u7528\u961f\u5217）：<\/p>\n

\u5c06\u6839\u7ed3\u70b9\u5165\u961f<\/p>\n

\u5f53\u961f\u5217\u4e0d\u4e3a\u7a7a\u65f6：<\/p>\n

\u51fa\u961f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ed3\u70b9\u5e76\u8bbf\u95ee<\/p>\n

\u5c06\u5176\u5de6\u53f3\u5b69\u5b50\u4f9d\u6b21\u5165\u961f<\/p>\n

\u5e94\u7528：\u8ba1\u7b97\u6811\u7684\u9ad8\u5ea6\u3001\u67e5\u627e\u7279\u5b9a\u5c42\u7ed3\u70b9<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e09\u3001<\/p>\n

（2）\u57fa\u672c\u64cd\u4f5c<\/h4>\n

\u2460\u521b\u5efa<\/h5>\n

typedef char Data_type_t;<\/p>\n

typedef struct BITnode
\n{
\n Data_type_t data;
\n struct BITnode *lchild;
\n struct BITnode *rchild;
\n}Tnode_t;<\/p>\n

void CreateTree(Tnode_t **root)
\n{
\n char c = data[ind++];
\n if('#' == c)
\n {
\n *root = NULL;
\n return ;
\n }
\n else
\n {
\n *root = malloc(sizeof(Tnode_t));
\n if(NULL == *root)
\n {
\n printf("malloc error\\\\n");
\n return ;
\n }
\n (*root)->data = c;
\n CreateTree(&(*root)->lchild);
\n CreateTree(&(*root)->rchild);
\n }
\n return ;
\n}<\/p>\n

\u2461\u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386\u7684\u5148\u5e8f\u904d\u5386<\/h5>\n

void PreOrderTraverse(Tnode_t *root)
\n{
\n if(NULL == root)
\n {
\n return ;
\n }
\n else
\n {
\n printf("%c ", root->data);
\n PreOrderTraverse(root->lchild);
\n PreOrderTraverse(root->rchild);
\n }
\n return ;
\n}<\/p>\n

\u2462\u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386\u7684\u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386<\/h5>\n

void InOrderTraverse(Tnode_t *root)
\n{
\n if(NULL == root)
\n {
\n return ;
\n }
\n else
\n {
\n InOrderTraverse(root->lchild);
\n printf("%c ", root->data);
\n InOrderTraverse(root->rchild);
\n }
\n return ;
\n}<\/p>\n

\u2463\u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386\u7684\u540e\u5e8f\u904d\u5386<\/h5>\n

void PostOrderTraverse(Tnode_t *root)
\n{
\n if (NULL == root)
\n {
\n return;
\n }
\n PostOrderTraverse(root->lchild);
\n PostOrderTraverse(root->rchild);
\n printf("%c", root->data);
\n return;
\n}<\/p>\n

\u2464\u9500\u6bc1<\/h5>\n

void DestroyTree(Tnode_t *root)
\n{
\n if (NULL == root)
\n {
\n return;
\n }
\n DestroyTree(root->lchild);
\n DestroyTree(root->rchild);
\n free(root);
\n root = NULL;
\n return;
\n}<\/p>\n

\u2465\u5e7f\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386\u7684\u5c42\u6b21\u904d\u5386<\/h5>\n

#include <stdio.h>
\n#include <stdlib.h><\/p>\n

typedef char Data_type_t;<\/p>\n

typedef struct BITnode
\n{
\n Data_type_t data;
\n struct BITnode *lchild;
\n struct BITnode *rchild;
\n} Tnode_t;<\/p>\n

typedef struct lqnode
\n{
\n Tnode_t *tree_node;
\n struct lqnode *pnext;
\n} LQNode_t;<\/p>\n

typedef struct lqueue
\n{
\n LQNode_t *phead;
\n LQNode_t *ptail;
\n int clen;
\n} LQueue_t;<\/p>\n

char data[] = "abd#g###ce#h##fi###";
\nint ind = 0;<\/p>\n

LQueue_t *create_linkque()
\n{
\n LQueue_t *plq = malloc(sizeof(LQueue_t));
\n if (NULL == plq)
\n {
\n return NULL;
\n }<\/p>\n

plq->clen = 0;
\n plq->phead = NULL;
\n plq->ptail = NULL;<\/p>\n

return plq;
\n}<\/p>\n

void CreateTree(Tnode_t **root)
\n{
\n char c = data[ind++];
\n if ('#' == c)
\n {
\n *root = NULL;
\n return;
\n }
\n else
\n {
\n *root = malloc(sizeof(Tnode_t));
\n if (NULL == *root)
\n {
\n printf("malloc error\\\\n");
\n return;
\n }
\n (*root)->data = c;
\n CreateTree(&(*root)->lchild);
\n CreateTree(&(*root)->rchild);
\n }
\n return;
\n}<\/p>\n

void enqueue(LQueue_t *pqueue, Tnode_t *ptree)
\n{
\n if (NULL == ptree)
\n {
\n return ;
\n }<\/p>\n

LQNode_t *pnew = malloc(sizeof(LQNode_t));
\n if (NULL == pnew)
\n {
\n printf("malloc error\\\\n");
\n return;
\n }<\/p>\n

pnew->tree_node = ptree;
\n pnew->pnext = NULL;<\/p>\n

if (NULL == pqueue->phead)
\n {
\n pqueue->phead = pnew;
\n pqueue->ptail = pnew;
\n }
\n else
\n {
\n pqueue->ptail->pnext = pnew;
\n pqueue->ptail = pnew;
\n }
\n pqueue->clen++;
\n}<\/p>\n

Tnode_t *dequeue(LQueue_t *pqueue)
\n{
\n if (NULL == pqueue->phead)
\n {
\n return NULL;
\n }
\n LQNode_t *ptmp = pqueue->phead;
\n Tnode_t *ptree = ptmp->tree_node;<\/p>\n

pqueue->phead = ptmp->pnext;
\n if (NULL == pqueue->phead)
\n {
\n pqueue->ptail = NULL;
\n } <\/p>\n

free(ptmp);
\n pqueue->clen–;<\/p>\n

return ptree;
\n}<\/p>\n

void LevelOrderTraversal(Tnode_t *root)
\n{
\n if (NULL == root)
\n {
\n return ;
\n }<\/p>\n

LQueue_t *pqueue = create_linkque();
\n if (NULL == pqueue)
\n {
\n printf("Create queue failed\\\\n");
\n return ;
\n }<\/p>\n

enqueue(pqueue, root);<\/p>\n

while (pqueue->clen > 0)
\n {
\n Tnode_t *p = dequeue(pqueue);
\n printf("%c ", p->data);<\/p>\n

if (p->lchild)
\n {
\n enqueue(pqueue, p->lchild);
\n }<\/p>\n

if (p->rchild)
\n {
\n enqueue(pqueue, p->rchild);
\n }<\/p>\n

}<\/p>\n

while (pqueue->clen > 0)
\n {
\n dequeue(pqueue);
\n }
\n free(pqueue);<\/p>\n

printf("\\\\n");
\n}<\/p>\n

void DestroyTree(Tnode_t *root)
\n{
\n if (NULL == root)
\n {
\n return ;
\n }
\n DestroyTree(root->lchild);
\n DestroyTree(root->rchild);
\n free(root);
\n root = NULL;
\n return ;
\n}<\/p>\n

int main()
\n{
\n Tnode_t *root = NULL;
\n CreateTree(&root);<\/p>\n

LevelOrderTraversal(root);<\/p>\n

DestroyTree(root);
\n return 0;
\n}<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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