{"id":52342,"date":"2025-08-11T13:34:14","date_gmt":"2025-08-11T05:34:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/52342.html"},"modified":"2025-08-11T13:34:14","modified_gmt":"2025-08-11T05:34:14","slug":"nginx%e5%ad%a6%e4%b9%a0%e7%ac%94%e8%ae%b0%ef%bc%88%e4%b8%80%ef%bc%89-nginx%e7%9a%84%e7%ae%80%e4%bb%8b","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/52342.html","title":{"rendered":"Nginx\u5b66\u4e60\u7b14\u8bb0\uff08\u4e00\uff09\u2014\u2014Nginx\u7684\u7b80\u4ecb"},"content":{"rendered":"<h4>&#x1f4da; Nginx\u5b66\u4e60\u7b14\u8bb0&#xff08;\u4e00&#xff09;\u2014\u2014Nginx\u7684\u7b80\u4ecb<\/h4>\n<h5>\u2699\ufe0f \u4e00\u3001\u6280\u672f\u80cc\u666f\u4e0e\u6f14\u8fdb<\/h5>\n<li>C10K\u95ee\u9898\u50ac\u751f\n<ul>\n<li>2000\u5e74\u4ee3\u521d&#xff0c;\u4f20\u7edf\u670d\u52a1\u5668&#xff08;\u5982Apache&#xff09;\u9762\u4e34C10K\u95ee\u9898&#xff08;\u5355\u673a\u4e07\u7ea7\u5e76\u53d1\u8fde\u63a5\u74f6\u9888&#xff09;<\/li>\n<li>Nginx\u7531\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08Igor Sysoev\u4e8e2004\u5e74\u53d1\u5e03&#xff0c;\u91c7\u7528\u4e8b\u4ef6\u9a71\u52a8&#043;\u975e\u963b\u585eI\/O\u67b6\u6784<\/li>\n<li>2023\u5e74\u5168\u7403Web\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5e02\u573a\u4efd\u989d\u8fbe33%&#xff08;W3Techs\u6570\u636e&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u53cd\u5411\u4ee3\u7406\u9886\u57df\u5360\u6bd4\u8d8580%<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<h5>&#x1f50d; \u4e8c\u3001\u4e0e\u4f20\u7edf\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5bf9\u6bd4<\/h5>\n<table>\n<tr>\u7ef4\u5ea6NginxApache HTTPDTomcat<\/tr>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u5e76\u53d1\u6a21\u578b<\/td>\n<td>\u4e8b\u4ef6\u9a71\u52a8&#xff08;epoll\/kqueue&#xff09;<\/td>\n<td>\u8fdb\u7a0b\/\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60&#xff08;Prefork\/Worker&#xff09;<\/td>\n<td>\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60&#xff08;Connector&#xff09;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u5185\u5b58\u6d88\u8017<\/td>\n<td>\u6781\u4f4e&#xff08;\u9759\u6001\u8d44\u6e90&lt;5MB\/\u4e07\u8fde\u63a5&#xff09;<\/td>\n<td>\u9ad8&#xff08;\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6a21\u578b\u5185\u5b58\u7ebf\u6027\u589e\u957f&#xff09;<\/td>\n<td>\u4e2d\u7b49&#xff08;\u4f9d\u8d56JVM\u5806&#xff09;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u52a8\u6001\u5904\u7406<\/td>\n<td>\u9700\u53cd\u5411\u4ee3\u7406&#xff08;\u5982uWSGI\/PHP-FPM&#xff09;<\/td>\n<td>\u5185\u7f6e\u6a21\u5757&#xff08;mod_php&#xff09;<\/td>\n<td>\u539f\u751f\u652f\u6301Java Servlet<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u914d\u7f6e\u8bed\u6cd5<\/td>\n<td>\u58f0\u660e\u5f0f&#043;\u6a21\u5757\u5316<\/td>\n<td>.htaccess\u6587\u4ef6<\/td>\n<td>XML\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u70ed\u90e8\u7f72<\/td>\n<td>\u2705 \u652f\u6301\u65e0\u7f1d\u91cd\u8f7d<\/td>\n<td>&#x1f504; \u9700\u91cd\u542f\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/td>\n<td>&#x1f504; \u9700\u91cd\u542f\u5bb9\u5668<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u2705 \u5178\u578b\u573a\u666f\u9009\u62e9<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u9759\u6001\u8d44\u6e90\/\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861&#xff1a;Nginx<\/li>\n<li>.htaccess\u52a8\u6001\u914d\u7f6e&#xff1a;Apache<\/li>\n<li>Java EE\u5e94\u7528&#xff1a;Tomcat&#043; Nginx\u524d\u7aef\u4ee3\u7406<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5>&#x1f680; \u4e09\u3001\u6838\u5fc3\u529f\u80fd\u7279\u6027<\/h5>\n<li>\n<p>\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u67b6\u6784<\/p>\n<p>worker_processes auto;  # \u81ea\u52a8\u5339\u914dCPU\u6838\u5fc3\u6570<br \/>\nevents {<br \/>\n  worker_connections 10240;  # \u5355Worker\u8fdb\u7a0b\u652f\u6301\u4e07\u7ea7\u8fde\u63a5<br \/>\n  use epoll;               # Linux\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u4e8b\u4ef6\u6a21\u578b<br \/>\n}<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5355\u8282\u70b9\u7406\u8bba\u5e76\u53d1&#xff1a;\u652f\u630110\u4e07&#043;\u5e76\u53d1\u8fde\u63a5&#xff08;\u5b9e\u6d4b2\u68384G\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fbe8\u4e07QPS&#xff09;<\/li>\n<li>\u96f6\u62f7\u8d1d\u6280\u672f&#xff1a;sendfile\u673a\u5236\u51cf\u5c11\u5185\u6838\u6001-\u7528\u6237\u6001\u6570\u636e\u62f7\u8d1d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u8bbe\u8ba1<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u6838\u5fc3\u6a21\u5757&#xff1a;http, stream(TCP\/UDP\u4ee3\u7406), mail(\u90ae\u4ef6\u4ee3\u7406)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u5b98\u65b9\u6a21\u5757&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>.\/configure &#8211;with-http_ssl_module        # HTTPS\u652f\u6301<br \/>\n             &#8211;with-http_gzip_static_module # \u9884\u538b\u7f29\u9759\u6001\u6587\u4ef6<br \/>\n             &#8211;with-stream                # \u56db\u5c42\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u52a8\u6001\u6a21\u5757&#xff1a;\u652f\u6301\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u52a0\u8f7d&#xff08;Dynamically Loadable Modules&#xff09;<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u5173\u952e\u529f\u80fd\u77e9\u9635<\/p>\n<table>\n<tr>\u529f\u80fd\u7c7b\u522b\u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u5f0f\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f<\/tr>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u9759\u6001\u670d\u52a1<\/td>\n<td>root\/alias\u6307\u4ee4<\/td>\n<td>\u524d\u7aef\u8d44\u6e90\u5206\u53d1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u53cd\u5411\u4ee3\u7406<\/td>\n<td>proxy_pass &#043; upstream<\/td>\n<td>\u5e94\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u96c6\u7fa4\u66b4\u9732<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861<\/td>\n<td>\u8f6e\u8be2\/\u6743\u91cd\/IP\u54c8\u5e0c\/\u6700\u5c11\u8fde\u63a5<\/td>\n<td>\u6d41\u91cf\u8c03\u5ea6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u5b89\u5168\u63a7\u5236<\/td>\n<td>limit_req\/access_log<\/td>\n<td>DDoS\u9632\u5fa1\/\u8bbf\u95ee\u5ba1\u8ba1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u5185\u5bb9\u5904\u7406<\/td>\n<td>sub_filter\/rewrite<\/td>\n<td>\u54cd\u5e94\u5185\u5bb9\u66ff\u6362\/URL\u91cd\u5199<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/li>\n<h5>&#x1f4a1; \u56db\u3001\u5178\u578b\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f<\/h5>\n<li>\n<p>Web\u670d\u52a1\u6808\u6838\u5fc3\u5c42<\/p>\n<p>#mermaid-svg-NQtvJhYKZ8agGcnG {font-family:\\&#8221;trebuchet ms\\&#8221;,verdana,arial,sans-serif;font-size:16px;fill:#333;}#mermaid-svg-NQtvJhYKZ8agGcnG .error-icon{fill:#552222;}#mermaid-svg-NQtvJhYKZ8agGcnG .error-text{fill:#552222;stroke:#552222;}#mermaid-svg-NQtvJhYKZ8agGcnG .edge-thickness-normal{stroke-width:2px;}#mermaid-svg-NQtvJhYKZ8agGcnG .edge-thickness-thick{stroke-width:3.5px;}#mermaid-svg-NQtvJhYKZ8agGcnG .edge-pattern-solid{stroke-dasharray:0;}#mermaid-svg-NQtvJhYKZ8agGcnG .edge-pattern-dashed{stroke-dasharray:3;}#mermaid-svg-NQtvJhYKZ8agGcnG .edge-pattern-dotted{stroke-dasharray:2;}#mermaid-svg-NQtvJhYKZ8agGcnG .marker{fill:#333333;stroke:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-NQtvJhYKZ8agGcnG .marker.cross{stroke:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-NQtvJhYKZ8agGcnG svg{font-family:\\&#8221;trebuchet ms\\&#8221;,verdana,arial,sans-serif;font-size:16px;}#mermaid-svg-NQtvJhYKZ8agGcnG .label{font-family:\\&#8221;trebuchet ms\\&#8221;,verdana,arial,sans-serif;color:#333;}#mermaid-svg-NQtvJhYKZ8agGcnG .cluster-label text{fill:#333;}#mermaid-svg-NQtvJhYKZ8agGcnG .cluster-label span{color:#333;}#mermaid-svg-NQtvJhYKZ8agGcnG .label text,#mermaid-svg-NQtvJhYKZ8agGcnG span{fill:#333;color:#333;}#mermaid-svg-NQtvJhYKZ8agGcnG .node rect,#mermaid-svg-NQtvJhYKZ8agGcnG .node circle,#mermaid-svg-NQtvJhYKZ8agGcnG .node ellipse,#mermaid-svg-NQtvJhYKZ8agGcnG .node polygon,#mermaid-svg-NQtvJhYKZ8agGcnG .node path{fill:#ECECFF;stroke:#9370DB;stroke-width:1px;}#mermaid-svg-NQtvJhYKZ8agGcnG .node .label{text-align:center;}#mermaid-svg-NQtvJhYKZ8agGcnG .node.clickable{cursor:pointer;}#mermaid-svg-NQtvJhYKZ8agGcnG .arrowheadPath{fill:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-NQtvJhYKZ8agGcnG .edgePath .path{stroke:#333333;stroke-width:2.0px;}#mermaid-svg-NQtvJhYKZ8agGcnG .flowchart-link{stroke:#333333;fill:none;}#mermaid-svg-NQtvJhYKZ8agGcnG .edgeLabel{background-color:#e8e8e8;text-align:center;}#mermaid-svg-NQtvJhYKZ8agGcnG .edgeLabel rect{opacity:0.5;background-color:#e8e8e8;fill:#e8e8e8;}#mermaid-svg-NQtvJhYKZ8agGcnG .cluster rect{fill:#ffffde;stroke:#aaaa33;stroke-width:1px;}#mermaid-svg-NQtvJhYKZ8agGcnG .cluster text{fill:#333;}#mermaid-svg-NQtvJhYKZ8agGcnG .cluster span{color:#333;}#mermaid-svg-NQtvJhYKZ8agGcnG div.mermaidTooltip{position:absolute;text-align:center;max-width:200px;padding:2px;font-family:\\&#8221;trebuchet ms\\&#8221;,verdana,arial,sans-serif;font-size:12px;background:hsl(80, 100%, 96.2745098039%);border:1px solid #aaaa33;border-radius:2px;pointer-events:none;z-index:100;}#mermaid-svg-NQtvJhYKZ8agGcnG :root{&#8211;mermaid-font-family:\\&#8221;trebuchet ms\\&#8221;,verdana,arial,sans-serif;}<span id=\"L-L-A-B\" class=\"edgeLabel L-LS-A&#039; L-LE-B\"><\/span><span id=\"L-L-B-C\" class=\"edgeLabel L-LS-B&#039; L-LE-C\"><\/span><span id=\"L-L-C-D\" class=\"edgeLabel L-LS-C&#039; L-LE-D\">\u9759\u6001\u8bf7\u6c42<\/span><span id=\"L-L-C-E\" class=\"edgeLabel L-LS-C&#039; L-LE-E\">\u52a8\u6001\u8bf7\u6c42<\/span><span id=\"L-L-E-F\" class=\"edgeLabel L-LS-E&#039; L-LE-F\"><\/span><span id=\"L-L-B-G\" class=\"edgeLabel L-LS-B&#039; L-LE-G\"><\/span>\u5ba2\u6237\u7aefNginx\u8fb9\u7f18\u8282\u70b9\u8def\u7531\u51b3\u7b56Nginx\u672c\u5730\u7f13\u5b58Upstream: App\u96c6\u7fa4Tomcat\/Django\/Node.jsCDN\u56de\u6e90\u670d\u52a1\u5668\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u5fae\u670d\u52a1\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>API\u7f51\u5173&#xff1a;\u57fa\u4e8elocation\u8def\u7531\u5230\u4e0d\u540c\u670d\u52a1<\/p>\n<p>location \/user-service\/ {<br \/>\n   proxy_pass http:\/\/user-cluster\/;<br \/>\n}<br \/>\nlocation \/order-service\/ {<br \/>\n   proxy_pass http:\/\/order-cluster\/;<br \/>\n}<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u7070\u5ea6\u53d1\u5e03&#xff1a;\u901a\u8fc7map\u6307\u4ee4\u5b9e\u73b0\u6d41\u91cf\u5207\u5206<\/p>\n<p>map $cookie_gray $backend {<br \/>\n   default   production-backend;<br \/>\n   &#034;true&#034;    gray-backend;<br \/>\n}<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u73b0\u4ee3\u67b6\u6784\u96c6\u6210<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Kubernetes Ingress Controller&#xff1a;\u5982ingress-nginx<\/li>\n<li>Serverless\u5165\u53e3&#xff1a;\u4f5c\u4e3aFaaS\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u524d\u7f6e\u4ee3\u7406<\/li>\n<li>WebSocket\u7f51\u5173&#xff1a;proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<h5>&#x1f310; \u4e94\u3001\u6280\u672f\u751f\u6001\u62d3\u5c55<\/h5>\n<li>\u884d\u751f\u7248\u672c\n<ul>\n<li>OpenResty&#xff1a;\u96c6\u6210LuaJIT&#xff0c;\u5b9e\u73b0API\u7f51\u5173\u903b\u8f91\u7f16\u7a0b<\/li>\n<li>Tengine&#xff08;\u963f\u91cc\u5b9a\u5236\u7248&#xff09;&#xff1a;\u589e\u5f3a\u52a8\u6001\u6a21\u5757\u52a0\u8f7d\u3001sysguard\u8fc7\u8f7d\u4fdd\u62a4<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u6027\u80fd\u76d1\u63a7\u5de5\u5177\u94fe\n<ul>\n<li>ngx_http_stub_status_module&#xff1a;\u5185\u7f6e\u57fa\u7840\u76d1\u63a7<\/li>\n<li>Prometheus Exporter&#xff1a;\u5b9e\u65f6\u91c7\u96c6QPS\/\u8fde\u63a5\u6570<\/li>\n<li>Dtrace\u52a8\u6001\u8ffd\u8e2a&#xff1a;\u5206\u6790\u8bf7\u6c42\u5904\u7406\u94fe\u8def\u8017\u65f6<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<hr \/>\n<p>\u6b64\u90e8\u5206\u5185\u5bb9\u4e3a\u540e\u7eed\u5b66\u4e60\u5960\u5b9a\u57fa\u7840\u8ba4\u77e5&#xff0c;\u540e\u7eed\u7ae0\u8282\u5c06\u6df1\u5165\u73af\u5883\u642d\u5efa\u4e0e\u914d\u7f6e\u5b9e\u6218\u3002\u5efa\u8bae\u7ed3\u5408Nginx\u5b98\u65b9\u6587\u6863&#xff08;nginx.org\/en\/docs\/&#xff09;\u53ca\u300aNginx Cookbook\u300b\u5b9e\u8df5\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u6587\u7ae0\u6d4f\u89c8\u9605\u8bfb277\u6b21\uff0c\u70b9\u8d5e5\u6b21\uff0c\u6536\u85cf5\u6b21\u3002Nginx\u6280\u672f\u89e3\u6790\u6458\u8981 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