{"id":51703,"date":"2025-08-11T03:59:58","date_gmt":"2025-08-10T19:59:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/51703.html"},"modified":"2025-08-11T03:59:58","modified_gmt":"2025-08-10T19:59:58","slug":"%e3%80%90%e6%9e%b6%e6%9e%84%e9%80%89%e6%8b%a9%e3%80%91%e7%9b%ae%e5%89%8d%e4%b8%bb%e8%a6%81%e8%bd%af%e4%bb%b6%e7%b3%bb%e7%bb%9f%e6%9e%b6%e6%9e%84%e6%9c%89%e5%93%aa%e5%87%a0%e7%a7%8d%ef%bc%8c%e4%b8%be","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/51703.html","title":{"rendered":"\u3010\u67b6\u6784\u9009\u62e9\u3011\u76ee\u524d\u4e3b\u8981\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u67b6\u6784\u6709\u54ea\u51e0\u79cd\uff0c\u4e3e\u4f8b\u8bf4\u660e+\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u67b6\u6784\u9009\u62e9\u901a\u7528\u6d41\u7a0b"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5f53\u524d\u8f6f\u4ef6\u67b6\u6784\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u4e3b\u6d41\u7c7b\u578b\u53ca\u5176\u8be6\u7ec6\u8bf4\u660e，\u7ed3\u5408\u5178\u578b\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u548c\u884c\u4e1a\u6848\u4f8b\u8fdb\u884c\u89e3\u6790：<\/p>\n

\n

\u4e00\u3001\u5206\u5c42\u67b6\u6784（Layered Architecture）<\/p>\n

\u6838\u5fc3\u601d\u60f3：\u5c06\u7cfb\u7edf\u5782\u76f4\u62c6\u5206\u4e3a\u591a\u4e2a\u903b\u8f91\u5c42，\u6bcf\u5c42\u4ec5\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e0b\u5c42\u670d\u52a1<\/p>\n

\u5178\u578b\u7ed3\u6784：<\/p>\n

\u8868\u73b0\u5c42 (UI)
\n\u2193
\n\u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91\u5c42 (BLL)
\n\u2193
\n\u6570\u636e\u8bbf\u95ee\u5c42 (DAL)
\n\u2193
\n\u6570\u636e\u5e93\/\u5b58\u50a8<\/p>\n

\u4ee3\u8868\u6848\u4f8b：<\/p>\n

\u2022 \u4f20\u7edf\u4f01\u4e1a\u7cfb\u7edf：SAP ERP\u3001\u94f6\u884c\u6838\u5fc3\u4ea4\u6613\u7cfb\u7edf
\n\u2022 \u5f00\u53d1\u6846\u67b6：Java Spring MVC\u3001.NET ASP.NET Web Forms<\/p>\n

\u4f18\u52bf：\u804c\u8d23\u5206\u79bb\u660e\u786e\u3001\u4fbf\u4e8e\u56e2\u961f\u5206\u5de5<\/p>\n

\u7f3a\u9677：\u5c42\u95f4\u8026\u5408\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4"\u70df\u56f1\u5f0f\u67b6\u6784"，\u8de8\u5c42\u8c03\u7528\u6027\u80fd\u635f\u8017<\/p>\n

\n

\u4e8c\u3001\u5fae\u670d\u52a1\u67b6\u6784（Microservices）<\/p>\n

\u6838\u5fc3\u601d\u60f3：\u5c06\u5355\u4f53\u5e94\u7528\u62c6\u5206\u4e3a\u72ec\u7acb\u90e8\u7f72\u7684\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7\u670d\u52a1，\u6bcf\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u5b8c\u6210\u7279\u5b9a\u4e1a\u52a1\u80fd\u529b<\/p>\n

\u5173\u952e\u7279\u5f81：
\n\u2022 \u670d\u52a1\u81ea\u6cbb（\u72ec\u7acb\u5f00\u53d1\/\u90e8\u7f72\/\u6269\u5c55）
\n\u2022 \u53bb\u4e2d\u5fc3\u5316\u6cbb\u7406（\u5404\u670d\u52a1\u53ef\u9009\u62e9\u4e0d\u540c\u6280\u672f\u6808）
\n\u2022 \u667a\u80fd\u7aef\u70b9\u4e0e\u54d1\u7ba1\u9053（\u4f18\u5148REST\/gRPC，\u907f\u514dESB）<\/p>\n

\u4ee3\u8868\u6848\u4f8b：
\n\u2022 Netflix：>1000\u4e2a\u5fae\u670d\u52a1\u5904\u7406\u64ad\u653e\/\u63a8\u8350\/\u8ba1\u8d39\u7b49
\n\u2022 Uber：\u4e58\u5ba2\u7ba1\u7406\/\u53f8\u673a\u8c03\u5ea6\/\u652f\u4ed8\u7b49\u670d\u52a1\u72ec\u7acb\u6f14\u8fdb<\/p>\n

\u6280\u672f\u6808：
\n\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\"
\ngraph LR
\nA[API Gateway] –> B[\u7528\u6237\u670d\u52a1]
\nA –> C[\u8ba2\u5355\u670d\u52a1]
\nA –> D[\u652f\u4ed8\u670d\u52a1]
\nB –> E[(\u7528\u6237DB)]
\nC –> F[(\u8ba2\u5355DB)]
\nD –> G[(\u652f\u4ed8DB)]<\/p>\n

\u6311\u6218：\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u4e8b\u52a1（Saga\u6a21\u5f0f）\u3001\u670d\u52a1\u53d1\u73b0\u3001\u76d1\u63a7\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u9ad8<\/p>\n

\n

\u4e09\u3001\u4e8b\u4ef6\u9a71\u52a8\u67b6\u6784（Event-Driven Architecture）<\/p>\n

\u6838\u5fc3\u601d\u60f3：\u901a\u8fc7\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5f02\u6b65\u89e6\u53d1\u7cfb\u7edf\u884c\u4e3a，\u5b9e\u73b0\u677e\u8026\u5408<\/p>\n

\u4e24\u79cd\u6a21\u5f0f：<\/p>\n

  • \n

    \u4ee3\u7406\u6a21\u5f0f（Broker）：
    \n\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\"
    \ngraph LR
    \nA[\u670d\u52a1A] \u2013 \u4e8b\u4ef6 –> B[\u6d88\u606f\u961f\u5217]
    \nB –> C[\u670d\u52a1B]
    \nB –> D[\u670d\u52a1C]<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    \u4e2d\u8f6c\u6a21\u5f0f（Mediator）：
    \n\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\"
    \ngraph LR
    \nA[\u670d\u52a1A] –> B[\u4e8b\u4ef6\u603b\u7ebf]
    \nB –> C[\u6d41\u7a0b\u534f\u8c03\u5668]
    \nC –> D[\u670d\u52a1B]
    \nC –> E[\u670d\u52a1C]<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    \u4ee3\u8868\u6848\u4f8b：<\/p>\n

    \u2022 \u7535\u5546\u8ba2\u5355\u7cfb\u7edf：\u8ba2\u5355\u521b\u5efa\u4e8b\u4ef6\u89e6\u53d1\u5e93\u5b58\u6263\u51cf\/\u7269\u6d41\u8c03\u5ea6<\/p>\n

    \u2022 \u7269\u8054\u7f51\u5e73\u53f0：\u4f20\u611f\u5668\u6570\u636e\u6d41\u89e6\u53d1\u5b9e\u65f6\u5206\u6790<\/p>\n

    \u4f18\u52bf：\u9ad8\u6269\u5c55\u6027\u3001\u524a\u5cf0\u586b\u8c37<\/p>\n

    \u7f3a\u9677：\u4e8b\u4ef6\u8ffd\u6eaf\u56f0\u96be\u3001\u6700\u7ec8\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u5904\u7406\u590d\u6742<\/p>\n

    \n

    \u56db\u3001\u7a7a\u95f4\u67b6\u6784（Space-Based Architecture）<\/p>\n

    \u6838\u5fc3\u601d\u60f3：\u901a\u8fc7\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u5185\u5b58\u7f51\u683c\u5b9e\u73b0\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u8bbf\u95ee<\/p>\n

    \u6838\u5fc3\u7ec4\u4ef6：
    \n\u2022 \u5904\u7406\u5355\u5143：\u5305\u542b\u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91+\u5185\u5b58\u6570\u636e
    \n\u2022 \u6570\u636e\u7f51\u683c：\u8de8\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u636e\u540c\u6b65
    \n\u2022 \u6d88\u606f\u7f51\u5173：\u8bf7\u6c42\u8def\u7531
    \n\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\"
    \ngraph TD
    \nA[\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef] –> B[\u6d88\u606f\u7f51\u5173]
    \nB –> C[\u5904\u7406\u5355\u51431]
    \nB –> D[\u5904\u7406\u5355\u51432]
    \nC & D –> E[(\u5171\u4eab\u6570\u636e\u7f51\u683c)]<\/p>\n

    \u9002\u7528\u573a\u666f：
    \n\u2022 \u8d85\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1（\u5982\u53cc11\u79d2\u6740）
    \n\u2022 \u4f4e\u5ef6\u8fdf\u4ea4\u6613（\u8bc1\u5238\u4ea4\u6613\u7cfb\u7edf）
    \n\u4ee3\u8868\u4ea7\u54c1：Apache Ignite, Hazelcast<\/p>\n

    \n

    \u4e94\u3001\u65e0\u670d\u52a1\u67b6\u6784（Serverless）
    \n\u6838\u5fc3\u601d\u60f3：\u7126\u70b9\u4ece\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8f6c\u5411\u51fd\u6570（Function）<\/p>\n

    \u4e24\u79cd\u5f62\u6001：<\/p>\n

  • FaaS：\u4e8b\u4ef6\u89e6\u53d1\u51fd\u6570\u6267\u884c（AWS Lambda）<\/li>\n
  • BaaS：\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528\u4e91\u7aef\u6570\u636e\u5e93\/\u8eab\u4efd\u8ba4\u8bc1\u670d\u52a1<\/li>\n

    \u5178\u578b\u6d41\u7a0b：
    \nHTTP\u8bf7\u6c42 \u2192 API\u7f51\u5173 \u2192 \u89e6\u53d1Lambda\u51fd\u6570 \u2192 \u8bfb\u5199DynamoDB \u2192 \u8fd4\u56de\u54cd\u5e94<\/p>\n

    \u4ee3\u8868\u6848\u4f8b：
    \n\u2022 Slack\u6d88\u606f\u5904\u7406：\u77ed\u65f6\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u6d88\u606f\u89e3\u6790
    \n\u2022 \u6587\u4ef6\u8f6c\u7801\u670d\u52a1：\u7a81\u53d1\u6027\u89c6\u9891\u5904\u7406\u4efb\u52a1\u5b8c\u6210
    \n\u4f18\u52bf：\u96f6\u8fd0\u7ef4\u6210\u672c\u3001\u6beb\u79d2\u7ea7\u8ba1\u8d39<\/p>\n

    \u9650\u5236：\u51b7\u542f\u52a8\u5ef6\u8fdf\u3001\u72b6\u6001\u7ba1\u7406\u56f0\u96be<\/p>\n

    \n

    \u516d\u3001\u524d\u6cbf\u67b6\u6784\u8d8b\u52bf
    \n\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\"
    \n\u3010\u8868\u683c\u3011
    \n\u67b6\u6784\u7c7b\u578b\u7279\u70b9\u9002\u7528\u573a\u666f
    \n\u670d\u52a1\u7f51\u683cSidecar\u4ee3\u7406\u7ba1\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u95f4\u901a\u4fe1\u5fae\u670d\u52a1\u6cbb\u7406(\u5982Istio)
    \n\u91cf\u5b50\u67b6\u6784\u6df7\u5408\u7ecf\u5178+\u91cf\u5b50\u8ba1\u7b97\u5355\u5143\u52a0\u5bc6\/\u836f\u7269\u7814\u53d1(IBM Q)
    \n\u5143\u5b87\u5b99\u67b6\u6784\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f3D\u5f15\u64ce+\u533a\u5757\u94fe\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u865a\u62df\u4e16\u754c(Decentraland)<\/p>\n

    \n

    \u8f6f\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u67b6\u6784\u9009\u62e9\u901a\u7528\u6d41\u7a0b
    \n\u67b6\u6784\u9009\u578b\u51b3\u7b56\u6811
    \n\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\"
    \ngraph TD
    \nA[\u5e76\u53d1\u91cf>10\u4e07TPS?] –>|\u662f| B[\u7a7a\u95f4\u67b6\u6784]
    \nA –>|\u5426| C{\u9700\u8981\u654f\u6377\u8fed\u4ee3?}
    \nC –>|\u662f| D[\u5fae\u670d\u52a1\/Serverless]
    \nC –>|\u5426| E{\u5b9e\u65f6\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5904\u7406?}
    \nE –>|\u662f| F[\u4e8b\u4ef6\u9a71\u52a8]
    \nE –>|\u5426| G[\u5206\u5c42\u67b6\u6784]<\/p>\n

    \u5173\u952e\u539f\u5219：\u6ca1\u6709\u94f6\u5f39\u67b6\u6784，\u9700\u7efc\u5408\u8003\u91cf<\/p>\n

    \u2022 \u56e2\u961f\u89c4\u6a21：\u5c0f\u56e2\u961f\u614e\u7528\u5fae\u670d\u52a1<\/p>\n

    \u2022 \u5408\u89c4\u8981\u6c42：\u91d1\u878d\u7cfb\u7edf\u9700\u5206\u5c42\u67b6\u6784\u5ba1\u8ba1<\/p>\n

    \u2022 \u6210\u672c\u6a21\u578b：Serverless\u5728\u7a81\u53d1\u8d1f\u8f7d\u4e0b\u6210\u672c\u6700\u4f18<\/p>\n

    \u5efa\u8bae\u53c2\u8003\u300aFundamentals of Software Architecture\u300b\u4e2d\u7684\u67b6\u6784\u9002\u5e94\u5ea6\u51fd\u6570（Fitness Function）\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fdb\u884c\u5b9a\u91cf\u8bc4\u4f30\u9009\u62e9\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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