{"id":50929,"date":"2025-08-10T14:39:36","date_gmt":"2025-08-10T06:39:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/50929.html"},"modified":"2025-08-10T14:39:36","modified_gmt":"2025-08-10T06:39:36","slug":"%e8%87%aa%e5%8a%a8%e9%a9%be%e9%a9%b6%e4%b8%ad%e7%9a%84%e4%bc%a0%e6%84%9f%e5%99%a8%e6%8a%80%e6%9c%af28-lidar%ef%bc%883%ef%bc%89","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/50929.html","title":{"rendered":"\u81ea\u52a8\u9a7e\u9a76\u4e2d\u7684\u4f20\u611f\u5668\u6280\u672f28\u2014\u2014Lidar\uff083\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>1\u3001\u6fc0\u5149\u63a2\u6d4b\u5668<\/h2>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" height=\"324\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/20250810063930-68983ea201eec.png\" width=\"720\" \/><br \/>\n\u56fe1 \u6fc0\u5149\u96f7\u8fbe\u63a2\u6d4b\u5668\u6c47\u603b<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" height=\"280\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/20250810063930-68983ea25ffe4.png\" width=\"512\" \/><br \/>\n\u00a0\u56fe2 Operation Regimes of a solid state p-n junction including conventional photodiodes, avalanche photodiodes (APD) and and single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) or SiPMs.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" height=\"272\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/20250810063930-68983ea2c9f2b.png\" width=\"720\" \/><br \/>\n\u56fe3 \u51e0\u79cd\u5149\u7535\u63a2\u6d4b\u5668\u5bf9\u6bd4<\/p>\n<h3><\/h3>\n<h2>2\u3001PIN Photodiode<\/h2>\n<p>PIN \u5149\u7535\u4e8c\u6781\u7ba1\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u53ef\u4ee5\u6539\u53d8\u8017\u5c3d\u5c42\u539a\u5ea6\u4ee5\u4ea7\u751f\u8f83\u5927\u5149\u7535\u6d41\u7684\u5149\u7535\u63a2\u6d4b\u5668\u3002\u8017\u5c3d\u5c42\u539a\u5ea6\u8d8a\u5927&#xff0c;\u5149\u7167\u5c04\u7684\u8868\u9762\u79ef\u4e5f\u8d8a\u5927\u3002\u56e0\u6b64&#xff0c;\u5149\u7535\u4e8c\u6781\u7ba1\u7684\u8f6c\u6362\u6548\u7387\u8d8a\u9ad8&#xff0c;\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u5149\u7535\u6d41\u4e5f\u5c31\u8d8a\u5927\u3002<\/p>\n<p>P \u578b\u5c42\u3001\u672c\u5f81\u5c42\u548c N \u578b\u5c42\u76f8\u4e92\u5939\u6301&#xff0c;\u5f62\u6210\u4e24\u4e2a\u7ed3&#xff1a;NI \u7ed3\u548c PI \u7ed3\u3002P&#043; \u5c42\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u79bb\u5b50\u6ce8\u5165\u83b7\u5f97&#xff0c;\u672c\u5f81\u5c42\u662f\u5728 N \u578b\u886c\u5e95\u4e0a\u751f\u957f\u7684\u5916\u5ef6\u5c42\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u6d53\u5ea6\u68af\u5ea6\u7684\u5b58\u5728&#xff0c;\u6765\u81ea N \u4fa7\u7684\u7535\u5b50\u548c\u6765\u81ea P \u4fa7\u7684\u7a7a\u7a74\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u6269\u6563\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" height=\"431\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/20250810063931-68983ea3481fa.png\" width=\"500\" \/><br \/>\n\u56fe4 PIN \u5149\u7535\u4e8c\u6781\u7ba1\u7684\u6784\u9020<\/p>\n<p>\u8017\u5c3d\u533a\u5f62\u6210\u3002\u8017\u5c3d\u533a\u5728\u672c\u5f81\u533a\u8f83\u5bbd&#xff0c;\u5728N\u578b\u5c42\u8f83\u7a84\u3002P\u578b\u7aef\u8fde\u63a5\u5230\u7535\u6c60\u8d1f\u6781&#xff0c;N\u578b\u7aef\u8fde\u63a5\u5230\u7535\u6c60\u6b63\u6781\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5f53PIN\u4e8c\u6781\u7ba1\u65bd\u52a0\u53cd\u5411\u504f\u538b\u65f6&#xff0c;\u8017\u5c3d\u533a\u5728\u672c\u5f81\u533a\u5f00\u59cb\u589e\u52a0\u3002\u968f\u7740\u53cd\u5411\u7535\u538b\u7684\u589e\u52a0&#xff0c;\u8017\u5c3d\u533a\u5bbd\u5ea6\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u589e\u52a0\u3002\u5f53\u8017\u5c3d\u533a\u7684\u5bbd\u5ea6\u7b49\u4e8e\u672c\u5f81\u5c42\u7684\u539a\u5ea6\u65f6&#xff0c;\u5c31\u8fbe\u5230\u4e86\u8017\u5c3d\u533a\u9636\u6bb5\u3002\u6b64\u65f6&#xff0c;\u672c\u5f81\u5c42\u4e2d\u4e0d\u518d\u6709\u79fb\u52a8\u7684\u8f7d\u6d41\u5b50\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" height=\"273\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/20250810063931-68983ea3a1473.png\" width=\"500\" \/><br \/>\n\u56fe5 PIN\u5149\u7535\u4e8c\u6781\u7ba1\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406<\/p>\n<p>\u5047\u8bbe\u4e00\u4e2a\u5149\u5b50\u901a\u91cf\u2c770\u5165\u5c04\u5230\u4e8c\u6781\u7ba1\u7684P&#043;\u533a&#xff0c;\u5e76\u4e14P&#043;\u533a\u7684\u5bbd\u5ea6\u4e0e\u672c\u5f81\u5c42\u548cN\u578b\u5c42\u76f8\u6bd4\u975e\u5e38\u5c0f\u3002\u5149\u5b50\u901a\u91cf\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u8ddd\u79bb\u7684\u51fd\u6570&#xff1a;\u2c77(x) &#061;\u2c770e\u2013\u03b1x<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u91cc\u03b1\u662f\u5149\u5b50\u5438\u6536\u7cfb\u6570&#xff0c;x\u968f\u672c\u5f81\u5c42\u5bbd\u5ea6\u800c\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u5149\u5b50\u901a\u91cf\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u5149\u7535\u6d41\u5bc6\u5ea6\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e0b\u5f0f\u7ed9\u51fa\u3002<\/p>\n<p>JL&#061; eW\u01aa 0GLdx&#061; eW\u01aa 0\u2c770e-\u03b1xdx &#061; e\u2c770(1 \u2013 e\u2013\u03b1W)<\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u4e2d&#xff0c;JL \u4e3a\u5149\u7535\u6d41\u5bc6\u5ea6&#xff0c;GL \u4e3a\u672c\u5f81\u5c42\u8fb9\u7f18\u7535\u5b50\u7a7a\u7a74\u5bf9\u7684\u4ea7\u751f\u901f\u7387\u3002\u4e0a\u5f0f\u5047\u8bbe\u8017\u5c3d\u533a\u5185\u6ca1\u6709\u7535\u5b50-\u7a7a\u7a74\u590d\u5408&#xff0c;\u5373\u5b8c\u5168\u6ca1\u6709\u79fb\u52a8\u8f7d\u6d41\u5b50\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5438\u6536\u7684\u5149\u5b50\u90fd\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7535\u5b50-\u7a7a\u7a74\u5bf9\u3002<\/p>\n<p>PIN \u5149\u7535\u4e8c\u6781\u7ba1\u7684\u4f18\u7f3a\u70b9<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>PIN \u5149\u7535\u4e8c\u6781\u7ba1\u7684\u4f18\u70b9\u5728\u4e8e\u5176\u9ad8\u9891\u54cd\u5e94&#xff0c;\u5e76\u4e14\u5176\u9891\u7387\u54cd\u5e94\u4e5f\u9ad8\u4e8e\u786b\u5316\u9549\u5149\u7535\u63a2\u6d4b\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>PIN \u5149\u7535\u4e8c\u6781\u7ba1\u4ef7\u683c\u4f4e\u5ec9&#xff0c;\u54cd\u5e94\u65f6\u95f4\u4ee5\u7eb3\u79d2\u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d&#xff0c;\u975e\u5e38\u9002\u5408\u7528\u4e8e\u7535\u5b50\u7535\u8def\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>PIN \u5149\u7535\u4e8c\u6781\u7ba1\u5177\u6709\u5bbd\u5149\u8c31\u54cd\u5e94&#xff0c;\u751a\u81f3\u53ef\u4ee5\u5904\u7406\u975e\u5e38\u5fae\u5f31\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>PIN \u5149\u7535\u4e8c\u6781\u7ba1\u7684\u7f3a\u70b9\u5728\u4e8e\u5176\u5de5\u4f5c\u65f6\u9700\u8981\u8f83\u5927\u7684\u53cd\u5411\u504f\u538b&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u6709\u65f6\u4f1a\u964d\u4f4e\u4fe1\u566a\u6bd4\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u7531\u4e8e\u5176\u80fd\u591f\u68c0\u6d4b\u5fae\u5f31\u4fe1\u53f7&#xff0c;PIN\u5149\u7535\u4e8c\u6781\u7ba1\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u68c0\u6d4b\u6fc0\u5149\u8109\u51b2\u3001\u8d85\u5feb\u901f\u5f00\u5173\u7535\u8def\u548c\u903b\u8f91\u7535\u8def\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<h3><\/h3>\n<h2>3\u3001Avalanche Photodiode&#xff08;APD&#xff09;<\/h2>\n<p>\u96ea\u5d29\u5149\u7535\u4e8c\u6781\u7ba1\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5149\u7535\u63a2\u6d4b\u5668&#xff0c;\u901a\u8fc7\u78b0\u649e\u7535\u79bb\u4ea7\u751f\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u7535\u5b50-\u7a7a\u7a74\u5bf9\u3002\u5b83\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8eP-N\u5149\u7535\u4e8c\u6781\u7ba1\u6216PIN\u5149\u7535\u4e8c\u6781\u7ba1&#xff0c;\u901a\u8fc7\u5438\u6536\u5149\u5b50\u4ea7\u751f\u7535\u5b50-\u7a7a\u7a74\u5bf9&#xff0c;\u4f46\u9664\u6b64\u4e4b\u5916&#xff0c;\u96ea\u5d29\u5149\u7535\u4e8c\u6781\u7ba1\u8fd8\u5229\u7528\u78b0\u649e\u7535\u79bb\u539f\u7406\u6765\u589e\u52a0\u5149\u7535\u6d41\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5b83\u7531\u56db\u4e2a\u533a\u57df\u7ec4\u6210&#xff1a;N&#043;\u533a\u3001P\u533a\u3001\u672c\u5f81\u5c42\u548cP&#043;\u533a\u3002N&#043;\u533a\u548cP&#043;\u533a\u4e3a\u91cd\u63ba\u6742\u533a&#xff0c;\u672c\u5f81\u5c42\u4e3a\u8f7b\u63ba\u6742\u533a\u3002\u4e0b\u56fe\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u6e05\u695a\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u5b83\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" height=\"448\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/20250810063932-68983ea42e031.png\" width=\"500\" \/><br \/>\n\u56fe6 \u96ea\u5d29\u5149\u7535\u4e8c\u6781\u7ba1\u7684\u7ed3\u6784<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u96ea\u5d29\u4e8c\u6781\u7ba1\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u989d\u5916\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\u6765\u5f15\u8d77\u649e\u51fb\u7535\u79bb&#xff0c;\u4ece\u800c\u4f7f\u5149\u7535\u6d41\u6210\u500d\u589e\u52a0\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u989d\u5916\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\u79f0\u4e3a\u96ea\u5d29\u500d\u589e\u56e0\u5b50\u3002\u649e\u51fb\u7535\u79bb\u662f\u6307\u4e00\u4e2a\u5177\u6709\u8db3\u591f\u9ad8\u52a8\u80fd\u7684\u8f7d\u6d41\u5b50\u649e\u51fb\u675f\u7f1a\u8f7d\u6d41\u5b50\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u80fd\u91cf\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9\u675f\u7f1a\u8f7d\u6d41\u5b50&#xff0c;\u4f7f\u675f\u7f1a\u8f7d\u6d41\u5b50\u80fd\u591f\u81ea\u7531\u79fb\u52a8\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u8fd9\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u8f7d\u6d41\u5b50\u6d53\u5ea6\u5347\u9ad8&#xff0c;\u4ece\u800c\u4ea7\u751f\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u7535\u6d41\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u79cd\u649e\u51fb\u6ce8\u5165\u73b0\u8c61\u5728\u589e\u52a0\u5149\u7535\u6d41\u65b9\u9762\u8d77\u7740\u91cd\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u96ea\u5d29\u5149\u7535\u4e8c\u6781\u7ba1\u7684\u7535\u6d41\u589e\u76ca\u5e26\u5bbd&#xff08;current \u2013 gain bandwidth&#xff09;\u79ef\u7ea6\u4e3a100 GHz\u3002\u56e0\u6b64&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u79cd\u5149\u7535\u4e8c\u6781\u7ba1\u53ef\u4ee5\u54cd\u5e94\u5fae\u6ce2\u9891\u7387\u8c03\u5236\u7684\u5149\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u96ea\u5d29\u5149\u7535\u4e8c\u6781\u7ba1\u7684\u4f18\u7f3a\u70b9<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u7531\u4e8e\u7535\u6d41\u589e\u76ca\u5e26\u5bbd\u79ef\u9ad8&#xff0c;\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u68c0\u6d4b\u5230\u975e\u5e38\u5fae\u5f31\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u5176\u7ed3\u6784\u76f8\u5f53\u590d\u6742&#xff0c;\u56e0\u6b64\u9700\u8981\u7279\u522b\u6ce8\u610f\u7ed3\u70b9\u3002\u7ed3\u70b9\u5e94\u5747\u5300&#xff0c;\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528\u4fdd\u62a4\u73af\u4fdd\u62a4\u4e8c\u6781\u7ba1\u514d\u53d7\u8fb9\u7f18\u51fb\u7a7f\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u7531\u4e8e\u5176\u80fd\u591f\u68c0\u6d4b\u4f4e\u7535\u5e73\u4fe1\u53f7&#xff0c;\u56e0\u6b64\u88ab\u7528\u4e8e\u5149\u7ea4\u901a\u4fe1\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5408\u7406\u7684\u7845\u96ea\u5d29\u5149\u7535\u4e8c\u6781\u7ba1\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u4f9b\u7ea6 1ns \u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u65f6\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<h3><\/h3>\n<h2>4\u3001\u5355\u5149\u5b50\u96ea\u5d29\u4e8c\u6781\u7ba1&#xff08;SPAD&#xff09;<\/h2>\n<p>\u6839\u636e\u5149\u7535\u4e8c\u6781\u7ba1\u7684 I-V \u7279\u6027&#xff0c;\u53ef\u5206\u4e3a\u592a\u9633\u80fd\u7535\u6c60\u6a21\u5f0f\u3001\u5149\u7535\u4e8c\u6781\u7ba1\u6a21\u5f0f\u3001\u96ea\u5d29\u6a21\u5f0f\u3001\u76d6\u9769\u6a21\u5f0f\u7b49\u51e0\u79cd\u5de5\u4f5c\u72b6\u6001&#xff0c;\u4e0b\u56fe\u662f\u5149\u7535\u4e8c\u6781\u7ba1\u5206\u522b\u5728\u660e\u6697\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u7684 I-V \u66f2\u7ebf\u3002\u76d6\u9769\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\u7684\u5149\u7535\u4e8c\u6781\u7ba1\u7684\u589e\u76ca\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\u662f\u65e0\u7a77\u7684&#xff0c;\u6240\u4ee5\u7ecf\u5e38\u88ab\u7528\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u5355\u5149\u5b50\u63a2\u6d4b&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u79f0\u4f5c\u5355\u5149\u5b50\u96ea\u5d29\u4e8c\u6781\u7ba1&#xff08;SPAD&#xff09;\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" height=\"378\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/20250810063932-68983ea48ef40.png\" width=\"372\" \/><br \/>\n\u56fe7 \u5149\u7535\u4e8c\u6781\u7ba1\u7684 I-V \u7279\u6027<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u76d6\u9769\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b&#xff0c;\u96ea\u5d29\u5149\u7535\u4e8c\u6781\u7ba1\u5438\u6536\u5149\u5b50\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u7535\u5b50-\u7a7a\u7a74\u5bf9&#xff0c;\u5728\u9ad8\u53cd\u504f\u7535\u538b\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u5f3a\u7535\u573a\u4f5c\u7528\u4e0b\u7535\u5b50-\u7a7a\u7a74\u5bf9\u88ab\u52a0\u901f&#xff0c;\u4ece\u800c\u83b7\u5f97\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u80fd\u91cf&#xff0c;\u7136\u540e\u4e0e\u6676\u683c\u53d1\u751f\u78b0\u649e&#xff0c;\u5f62\u6210\u8fde\u9501\u6548\u5e94&#xff0c;\u7ed3\u679c\u5f62\u6210\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u7535\u5b50-\u7a7a\u7a74\u5bf9&#xff0c;\u5f15\u53d1\u96ea\u5d29\u73b0\u8c61&#xff0c;\u7535\u6d41\u6210\u6307\u6570\u589e\u957f\u3002\u6b64\u65f6 SPAD \u7684\u589e\u76ca\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\u662f\u65e0\u7a77\u7684&#xff0c;\u5355\u4e2a\u5149\u5b50\u5c31\u80fd\u591f\u4f7f SPAD \u7684\u5149\u7535\u6d41\u8fbe\u5230\u9971\u548c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>SPAD \u7684\u7279\u5f81\u53c2\u6570\u6709\u5f88\u591a&#xff0c;\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u62ec\u5149\u5b50\u63a2\u6d4b\u6548\u7387\u3001\u96ea\u5d29\u500d\u589e\u56e0\u5b50\u3001\u54cd\u5e94\u5ea6\u3001\u6697\u8ba1\u6570\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1&#xff09;\u5149\u5b50\u63a2\u6d4b\u6548\u7387&#xff1a;\u5149\u5b50\u5165\u5c04 SPAD \u540e\u6fc0\u53d1\u96ea\u5d29\u5e76\u88ab\u68c0\u6d4b\u5230\u7684\u6982\u7387\u79f0\u4e3a\u5149\u5b50\u63a2\u6d4b\u6548\u7387(Photon Detection Efficiency)&#xff0c;\u662f\u4ee3\u8868 SPAD \u6027\u80fd\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u53c2\u6570&#xff0c;\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u5149\u751f\u7535\u5b50-\u7a7a\u7a74\u5bf9\u6570\u76ee\u4e0e\u5165\u5c04\u603b\u5149\u5b50\u6570\u7684\u6bd4\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7406\u60f3\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u7684\u5149\u5b50\u63a2\u6d4b\u6548\u7387\u4e3a 1&#xff0c;\u7136\u800c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5149\u5b50\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f15\u53d1\u96ea\u5d29\u5e76\u88ab\u68c0\u6d4b\u5230&#xff0c;SPAD \u8868\u9762\u7684\u53cd\u5c04\u548c\u5438\u6536\u4e0d\u5b8c\u5168\u90fd\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u5230\u5149\u5b50\u63a2\u6d4b\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5149\u5b50\u63a2\u6d4b\u6548\u7387\u03b7&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p class=\"img-center\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" height=\"65\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/20250810063932-68983ea4e4c3b.png\" width=\"381\" \/><\/p>\n<p class=\"img-center\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" height=\"53\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/20250810063933-68983ea5180ba.png\" width=\"188\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u4e2d P0\u4e3a\u5165\u5c04\u5149\u529f\u7387&#xff0c;IP\u4e3a\u5149\u751f\u7535\u5b50-\u7a7a\u7a74\u5bf9\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u5149\u7535\u6d41&#xff0c;h \u4e3a\u666e\u6717\u514b\u5e38\u91cf&#xff0c;\u03bd \u4e3a<\/p>\n<p>\u5165\u5c04\u5149\u5b50\u9891\u7387&#xff0c;e \u662f\u7535\u5b50\u7535\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<p>2&#xff09;\u96ea\u5d29\u500d\u589e\u56e0\u5b50&#xff1a;\u96ea\u5d29\u500d\u589e\u56e0\u5b50\u662f\u6307 SPAD \u53d1\u751f\u96ea\u5d29\u51fb\u7a7f\u540e\u7684\u7535\u6d41\u4e0e\u96ea\u5d29\u51fb\u7a7f\u524d\u7684\u7535\u6d41\u7684\u6bd4\u503c&#xff0c;\u5373SPAD \u7684\u7535\u6d41\u589e\u76ca\u3002\u96ea\u5d29\u500d\u589e\u56e0\u5b50\u5728\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\u662f\u65e0\u7a77\u5927\u7684&#xff0c;\u5728\u96ea\u5d29\u51fb\u7a7f\u540e\u975e\u5e38\u77ed\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u7535\u6d41\u5c31\u80fd\u591f\u8fbe\u5230\u9971\u548c&#xff0c;\u96ea\u5d29\u500d\u589e\u56e0\u5b50\u662f\u7531 SPAD \u7684\u53cd\u5411\u504f\u538b\u4ee5\u53ca\u7ed3\u6784\u51b3\u5b9a\u7684&#xff0c;\u5b9e\u9645\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u901a\u5e38\u80fd\u8fbe\u5230\u5341\u4e07\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>3&#xff09;\u54cd\u5e94\u5ea6&#xff1a;\u7528\u6765\u8868\u793a\u5165\u5c04\u5149\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u5149\u7535\u6d41\u548c\u5165\u5c04\u5149\u7684\u529f\u7387\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb&#xff0c;\u5373\u5149\u7535\u6d41\u4e0e\u5165\u5c04\u5149\u7684\u529f\u7387\u7684\u6bd4\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<p class=\"img-center\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" height=\"66\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/20250810063933-68983ea54b7dd.png\" width=\"217\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u4e2d e \u4e3a\u7535\u5b50\u7535\u91cf&#xff0c;\u03b7\u4e3a\u5149\u5b50\u63a2\u6d4b\u6548\u7387&#xff0c;\u03bb \u4e3a\u5149\u5b50\u6ce2\u957f&#xff0c;h \u4e3a\u666e\u6717\u514b\u5e38\u91cf&#xff0c;\u03bd \u4e3a\u5165\u5c04\u5149\u5b50\u9891\u7387&#xff0c;c \u4e3a\u5149\u901f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5165\u5c04\u5149\u5b50\u6ce2\u957f\u5f71\u54cd\u5355\u5149\u5b50\u96ea\u5d29\u4e8c\u6781\u7ba1\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u5ea6&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u540c\u6750\u6599\u7684\u534a\u5bfc\u4f53\u5bf9\u4e0d\u540c\u6ce2\u957f\u7684\u5149\u4fe1\u53f7\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5438\u6536\u6548\u679c&#xff0c;\u4f8b\u5982&#xff0c;\u7845\u7684\u5438\u6536\u5149\u8c31\u8303\u56f4\u662f 400nm \u5230 1100nm&#xff0c;\u5728\u77ed\u6ce2\u6bb5\u5177\u6709\u8f83\u9ad8\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u5ea6\u3002\u800c InGaAs \u5438\u6536\u5149\u8c31\u8303\u56f4\u662f 900 nm \u5230 1700 nm&#xff0c;\u5728\u957f\u6ce2\u6bb5\u5177\u6709\u8f83\u9ad8\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u5ea6\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u5728\u8bbe\u8ba1 SPAD \u65f6&#xff0c;\u8981\u6839\u636e\u6240\u63a2\u6d4b\u5149\u5b50\u7684\u6ce2\u6bb5\u6765\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u534a\u5bfc\u4f53\u6750\u6599&#xff0c;\u4ee5\u83b7\u5f97\u8f83\u9ad8\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>4&#xff09;\u6697\u8ba1\u6570&#xff1a;\u6697\u8ba1\u6570\u662f\u6307\u5728\u5355\u5149\u5b50\u63a2\u6d4b\u9886\u57df&#xff0c;\u6742\u6563\u5149&#xff08;\u975e\u4fe1\u53f7\u5149&#xff09;\u548c\u7535\u566a\u58f0\u4e5f\u4f1a\u6709\u88ab\u5355\u5149\u5b50\u63a2\u6d4b\u5668\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u6709\u6548\u5149\u4fe1\u53f7\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027&#xff0c;\u5728\u6b64\u9886\u57df\u5185&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bef\u5224\u88ab\u79f0\u4f5c\u6697\u8ba1\u6570&#xff0c;\u662f SPAD \u6027\u80fd\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u901a\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b&#xff0c;\u70ed\u566a\u58f0\u548c\u96a7\u7a7f\u6548\u5e94\u90fd\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u6697\u8f7d\u6d41\u5b50&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u662f\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u566a\u58f0\u6765\u6e90&#xff0c;\u6697\u8f7d\u6d41\u5b50\u540c\u6837\u4f1a\u5f15\u53d1 SPAD \u96ea\u5d29&#xff0c;\u7136\u800c\u68c0\u6d4b\u7535\u8def\u65e0\u6cd5\u5c06\u5176\u548c\u5165\u5c04\u5149\u5f15\u53d1\u7684\u96ea\u5d29\u533a\u522b\u5f00\u6765&#xff0c;\u4ece\u800c\u5bf9\u4ed6\u4eec\u540c\u6837\u8fdb\u884c\u8ba1\u6570&#xff0c;\u56e0\u6b64\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u865a\u5047\u7684\u5149\u5b50\u8ba1\u6570&#xff0c;\u6240\u4ee5&#xff0c;\u60f3\u529e\u6cd5\u51cf\u5c11\u6697\u8ba1\u6570\u662f SPAD \u8bbe\u8ba1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4e00\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5de5\u4f5c\u73af\u5883\u6e29\u5ea6\u548c\u53cd\u504f\u7535\u538b\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u76f4\u63a5\u5f71\u54cd\u6697\u8ba1\u6570&#xff0c; \u901a\u5e38\u5728\u8f83\u4f4e\u6e29\u5ea6\u7684\u73af\u5883\u4e0b&#xff0c;\u5bf9SPAD\u8fdb\u884c\u6d4b\u8bd5&#xff0c;\u6765\u51cf\u5c11\u7531\u70ed\u6548\u5e94\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u6697\u8f7d\u6d41\u5b50\u3002\u964d\u4f4e\u504f\u7f6e\u7535\u538b\u4e5f\u80fd\u8f83\u5c11\u6697\u8ba1\u6570&#xff0c;\u53ef\u662f\u964d\u4f4e\u504f\u7f6e\u7535\u538b\u53c8\u4f1a\u964d\u4f4e\u63a2\u6d4b\u6548\u7387&#xff0c;\u56e0\u6b64\u8981\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u504f\u7f6e\u7535\u538b&#xff0c;\u4ece\u800c\u5728\u6697\u8ba1\u6570\u548c\u63a2\u6d4b\u6548\u7387\u4e4b\u95f4\u6298\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u53e6\u5916\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u5982\u4e0b\u7406\u89e3&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>APD \u5de5\u4f5c\u5728\u6a21\u62df\u7ebf\u6027\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b&#xff0c;\u6b64\u65f6\u8f93\u51fa\u7535\u6d41\u4e0e\u5165\u5c04\u5149\u5f3a\u5ea6\u6210\u6b63\u6bd4\u3002APD \u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5de5\u4f5c\u5728\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b&#xff0c;\u589e\u76ca\u53ef\u8fbe 106\u6216\u66f4\u9ad8&#xff0c;\u4ece\u800c\u5b9e\u73b0\u6570\u5b57\u5149\u5b50\u8ba1\u6570\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd APD \u5de5\u4f5c\u6a21\u5f0f\u79f0\u4e3a\u76d6\u9769\u6a21\u5f0f&#xff0c;\u5373\u5355\u5149\u5b50\u96ea\u5d29\u63a2\u6d4b\u5668 (SPAD)\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5355\u5149\u5b50\u96ea\u5d29\u4e8c\u6781\u7ba1 (SPAD) \u662f\u6307\u4e00\u7c7b\u80fd\u591f\u68c0\u6d4b\u4f4e\u5f3a\u5ea6\u4fe1\u53f7&#xff08;\u4f4e\u81f3\u5355\u4e2a\u5149\u5b50&#xff09;\u5e76\u4ee5\u9ad8\u65f6\u95f4\u5206\u8fa8\u7387&#xff08;\u51e0\u5341\u76ae\u79d2&#xff09;\u6d4b\u91cf\u5149\u5b50\u5230\u8fbe\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u5149\u7535\u63a2\u6d4b\u5668\u3002\u867d\u7136\u4f20\u7edf\u5149\u7535\u63a2\u6d4b\u5668\u3001\u5149\u7535\u4e8c\u6781\u7ba1\u548c\u8bb8\u591a\u96ea\u5d29\u5149\u7535\u4e8c\u6781\u7ba1\u53ef\u80fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u7075\u654f\u5ea6&#xff08;\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u6548\u7387&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u4f46 SPAD \u51ed\u501f\u5176\u6781\u9ad8\u7684\u4fe1\u566a\u6bd4 (SNR) \u800c\u64c5\u957f\u8bfb\u53d6\u5fae\u5149\u4fe1\u53f7\u3002SPAD \u7684\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7279\u6027\u4f7f\u5176\u975e\u5e38\u9002\u5408\u5355\u5149\u5b50\u8ba1\u6570\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u8d85\u5fae\u5149\u5e94\u7528&#xff0c;\u4f8b\u5982\u6fc0\u5149\u96f7\u8fbe\u3001\u5149\u5b66\u65ad\u5c42\u626b\u63cf\u548c\u91cf\u5b50\u8ba1\u7b97\u3001\u5355\u5206\u5b50\u5206\u6790\u3001\u5171\u805a\u7126\u663e\u5fae\u955c\u3001\u6d41\u5f0f\u7ec6\u80de\u672f\u3001\u6676\u5706\u68c0\u6d4b\u3001\u8367\u5149\u5bff\u547d\u6210\u50cf\u548c\u7c92\u5ea6\u5206\u6790\u3002SPAD \u4e0e\u96ea\u5d29\u5149\u7535\u4e8c\u6781\u7ba1 (APD) \u7c7b\u4f3c&#xff0c;\u5229\u7528\u53cd\u5411\u504f\u7f6e pn \u7ed3\u7684\u5149\u5b50\u89e6\u53d1\u96ea\u5d29\u7535\u6d41\u6765\u68c0\u6d4b\u5165\u5c04\u8f90\u5c04\u3002 SPAD \u548c APD \u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u533a\u522b\u5728\u4e8e SPAD \u5728\u8fdc\u9ad8\u4e8e\u51fb\u7a7f\u7535\u538b\u7684\u53cd\u5411\u504f\u7f6e\u7535\u538b\u4e0b\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<h3><\/h3>\n<h2>5\u3001\u7845\u5149\u7535\u500d\u589e\u7ba1 (SiPM) \u548c\u591a\u50cf\u7d20\u5149\u5b50\u8ba1\u6570\u5668 (MPPC)<\/h2>\n<p>\u4f20\u7edf\u4e0a&#xff0c;\u5fae\u5149\u63a2\u6d4b\u8bbe\u5907\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u771f\u7a7a\u5149\u7535\u500d\u589e\u7ba1 (PMT)\u3001\u96ea\u5d29\u5149\u7535\u4e8c\u6781\u7ba1 (APD) \u6216\u5e26\u9ad8\u589e\u76ca\u653e\u5927\u5668\u7684 PIN \u5149\u7535\u4e8c\u6781\u7ba1\u3002\u7845\u5149\u7535\u500d\u589e\u7ba1 (SiPM)&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u79f0\u4e3a\u591a\u50cf\u7d20\u5149\u5b50\u8ba1\u6570\u5668 (MPPC)&#xff0c;\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u6781\u5177\u5438\u5f15\u529b\u7684\u66ff\u4ee3\u65b9\u6848&#xff0c;\u5b83\u6a21\u62df\u4e86 PMT \u7684\u5fae\u5149\u63a2\u6d4b\u80fd\u529b&#xff0c;\u540c\u65f6\u5177\u5907\u56fa\u6001\u5668\u4ef6\u7684\u4f18\u52bf&#xff0c;\u4f8b\u5982\u4f4e\u5de5\u4f5c\u7535\u538b\u3001\u5bf9\u78c1\u573a\u4e0d\u654f\u611f\u3001\u673a\u68b0\u5f3a\u5ea6\u9ad8\u4ee5\u53ca\u54cd\u5e94\u5747\u5300\u6027\u4f18\u5f02\u3002<\/p>\n<p>SiPM \u662f\u76d6\u9769\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u96ea\u5d29\u5149\u7535\u4e8c\u6781\u7ba1 (SPAD) \u9635\u5217&#xff0c;\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7528\u4e8e\u68c0\u6d4b\u6781\u5f31\u7684\u5149&#xff0c;\u76f4\u81f3\u5355\u4e2a\u5149\u5b50\u3002\u6839\u636e\u5149\u6e90\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u4e0d\u540c&#xff0c;\u6570\u767e\u5230\u6570\u5343\u4e2a SPAD \u5e76\u8054\u8fde\u63a5\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a SiPM\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a SPAD \u90fd\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u4e2a\u96c6\u6210\u4e32\u8054\u7535\u963b\u5668&#xff0c;\u7528\u4e8e\u731d\u706d\u96ea\u5d29\u5e76\u590d\u4f4d\u4e8c\u6781\u7ba1\u4ee5\u63a5\u6536\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5165\u5c04\u5149\u5b50&#xff0c;\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\u6240\u793a\u3002SiPM \u4fe1\u53f7\u8f93\u51fa\u662f\u4e0e\u649e\u51fb\u4f20\u611f\u5668\u7684\u5149\u5b50\u6570\u91cf\u6210\u6bd4\u4f8b\u7684\u7535\u6d41\u3002\u4e3b\u8981\u4fe1\u53f7\u7279\u70b9\u662f&#xff1a;\u589e\u76ca\u975e\u5e38\u9ad8&#xff08;&gt;1&#215;10(6) \u4e2a\u5149\u5b50&#xff09;\u3001\u54cd\u5e94\u975e\u5e38\u5feb\u3001\u6062\u590d\u65f6\u95f4\u77ed\u3002\u5e94\u7528\u5305\u62ec\u9700\u8981\u5f31\u5149\u68c0\u6d4b\u548c\/\u6216\u975e\u5e38\u7cbe\u786e\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u5178\u578b\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u95ea\u70c1\u4f53\u7684\u63a2\u6d4b\u5668\u548c\u98de\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" height=\"290\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/20250810063933-68983ea567dc2.png\" width=\"512\" \/><br \/>\n\u56fe8 SiPM\u63a2\u6d4b\u5668\u7ed3\u6784<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" height=\"365\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/20250810063933-68983ea5bffa0.png\" width=\"720\" \/><br \/>\n\u56fe9 SiPM\u63a2\u6d4b\u5668\u7ed3\u6784<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" height=\"404\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/20250810063934-68983ea61bffd.png\" width=\"720\" \/><br \/>\n\u56fe10 \u63a5\u6536\u9762\u9635<\/p>\n<h3><\/h3>\n<h2>6\u3001\u6027\u80fd\u53c2\u6570<\/h2>\n<p>\u5149\u7535\u4e8c\u6781\u7ba1\u6548\u7387 (PDE)&#xff1a; PDE \u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u6807\u51c6\u5149\u7535\u4e8c\u6781\u7ba1\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u6548\u7387&#xff0c;\u63cf\u8ff0\u7684\u662f\u63a2\u6d4b\u5230\u7684\u5149\u5b50\u6570 ndetected\u4e0e\u6240\u6709\u5165\u5c04\u5149\u5b50\u6570 nincident \u4e4b\u6bd4\u3002\u53ef\u8fbe\u5230\u7684\u6700\u5927 PDE \u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u91cf\u5b50\u6548\u7387\u548c\u586b\u5145\u56e0\u5b50\u3002\u4f8b\u5982&#xff0c;60% \u7684 PDE \u8868\u793a\u6bcf 10 \u4e2a\u5149\u5b50\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a2\u6d4b\u5230 6 \u4e2a:<\/p>\n<p>PhotonDetectionEfficiency(PDE)&#061;ndetected\/nincident<\/p>\n<p>\u6697\u8ba1\u6570\u7387&#xff1a;\u6697\u8ba1\u6570\u7387\u662f\u6307\u5728\u6ca1\u6709\u5165\u5c04\u5149\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u8ba1\u6570\u7684\u5149\u5b50\u6570\u91cf&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u79cd\u5149\u5b50\u662f\u7531\u4e8c\u6781\u7ba1\u504f\u7f6e\u65f6\u70ed\u8fd0\u52a8\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u81ea\u53d1\u8f90\u5c04\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u964d\u4f4e\u6697\u8ba1\u6570\u7387&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u53cc\u7ea7\u70ed\u7535\u5143\u4ef6&#xff08;TEC\u51b7\u5374\u5668&#xff09;\u5bf9\u5355\u5149\u5b50\u8ba1\u6570\u5668\u8fdb\u884c\u4e3b\u52a8\u51b7\u5374\u3002\u6697\u8ba1\u6570\u7387\u901a\u5e38\u4ee5\u6bcf\u79d2\u8ba1\u6570\u201ccps\u201d\u8868\u793a\u3002\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f&#xff0c;SPAD\u7684\u6839\u672c\u6743\u8861\u5728\u4e8e&#xff0c;\u6697\u8ba1\u6570\u7387\u548c\u5149\u5b50\u63a2\u6d4b\u6548\u7387\u4f1a\u968f\u7740\u504f\u7f6e\u7535\u538b\u7684\u589e\u52a0\u800c\u589e\u52a0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6062\u590d\u901f\u5ea6\u6216\u6b7b\u533a\u65f6\u95f4&#xff1a;\u8fd9\u662f\u8bbe\u5907\u4e3a\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u68c0\u6d4b\u4e8b\u4ef6\u505a\u597d\u51c6\u5907\u6240\u9700\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u5178\u578b\u7684\u6b7b\u533a\u65f6\u95f4\u5728 1.5 &#8211; 100 ns\u4e4b\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5149\u5b50\u901a\u91cf\u4e0e\u5149\u529f\u7387\u7684\u5173\u7cfb&#xff1a;\u5355\u4f4d\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\u7684\u5149\u5b50\u6570\u91cf\u79f0\u4e3a\u5149\u5b50\u901a\u91cf\u6216\u8ba1\u6570\u7387&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>PhotonFlux&#061;ndetected\/t<\/p>\n<p>\u65f6\u95f4\u5206\u8fa8\u7387&#xff1a;\u8fd9\u662f\u6307\u4ee5\u975e\u5e38\u9ad8\u7684\u5206\u8fa8\u7387\u68c0\u6d4b\u5149\u5b50\u7684\u80fd\u529b&#xff0c;\u901a\u5e38\u5728 7.5 &#8211; 100 ps \u7684\u6570\u91cf\u7ea7\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u51fb\u7a7f\u7535\u538b&#xff1a;\u9ad8\u4e8e\u6b64\u53cd\u5411\u7535\u538b\u65f6&#xff0c;\u96ea\u5d29\u6548\u5e94\u5c06\u81ea\u6301&#xff0c;\u5fc5\u987b\u8fdb\u884c\u731d\u706d&#xff0c;\u901a\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u731d\u706d\u7535\u963b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u540e\u8109\u51b2\u548c\u4e32\u6270&#xff08;\u4ec5\u9650SPAD\u548cSiPM&#xff09;&#xff1a;\u5f53MPPC\u63a2\u6d4b\u5149\u5b50\u65f6&#xff0c;\u8f93\u51fa\u53ef\u80fd\u5305\u542b\u865a\u5047\u4fe1\u53f7&#xff0c;\u79f0\u4e3a\u540e\u8109\u51b2\u548c\u4e32\u6270\u3002\u540e\u8109\u51b2\u662f\u6307\u4e00\u79cd\u76f8\u5173\u566a\u58f0\u3002\u7535\u8377\u8f7d\u6d41\u5b50\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u6355\u83b7\u5e76\u5728\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u540e\u91ca\u653e&#xff0c;\u9664\u4e86\u771f\u5b9e\u4fe1\u53f7\u5916&#xff0c;\u8fd8\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u5ef6\u8fdf\u7684\u865a\u5047\u4fe1\u53f7\u3002\u5f53\u63a2\u6d4b\u5149\u5b50\u7684\u50cf\u7d20\u5f71\u54cd\u76f8\u90bb\u50cf\u7d20\u65f6&#xff0c;\u5c31\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u4e32\u6270&#xff0c;\u5bfc\u81f4\u5b83\u4eec\u5728\u8f93\u51fa\u7aef\u4ea7\u751f\u53cc\u8109\u51b2\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u566a\u58f0\u4e0e\u5165\u5c04\u5149\u5b50\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u8109\u51b2\u65e0\u5173\u3002\u5728\u4fdd\u6301\u4f4e\u540e\u8109\u51b2\u3001\u4f4e\u4e32\u6270\u548c\u4f4e\u6697\u8ba1\u6570\u7684\u540c\u65f6&#xff0c;\u4fdd\u6301\u9ad8\u5149\u5b50\u63a2\u6d4b\u6548\u7387 (PDE) \u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u52a8\u6001\u8303\u56f4&#xff1a;\u52a8\u6001\u8303\u56f4\u7531\u6bcf\u4e2a SiPM \u7684 SPAD \u6570\u91cf\u7ed9\u51fa\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u589e\u76ca&#xff1a;\u589e\u76ca\u662f\u6307\u89e6\u53d1\u540e\u96ea\u5d29\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7535\u79bb\u7684\u7535\u5b50\u6570\u91cf\u3002\u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4&#xff0c;\u5c31\u662f\u54cd\u5e94\u4e00\u4e2a\u5149\u5b50\u5f62\u6210SiPM\u4fe1\u53f7\u7684\u7535\u5b50\u6570\u91cf\u3002\u4f8b\u5982&#xff0c;\u5982\u679c\u589e\u76ca\u4e3a10(6)&#xff0c;\u5219\u8868\u793a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5149\u5b50\u5728SiPM\u8f93\u51fa\u7aef\u6536\u96c6\u523010(6) \u4e2a\u7535\u5b50\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7ebf\u6027\u5ea6&#xff1a;\u7ebf\u6027\u5ea6\u662f\u6307\u5149\u7535\u63a2\u6d4b\u5668\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u4e0e\u5176\u8f93\u5165\u5177\u6709\u7ebf\u6027\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n<h3><\/h3>\n<h2>7\u3001\u7279\u70b9\u5bf9\u6bd4<\/h2>\n<p>SPAD \u662f\u5355\u5149\u5b50\u63a2\u6d4b\u5668&#xff0c;\u4e00\u6b21\u6700\u591a\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a2\u6d4b 1 \u4e2a\u5149\u5b50&#xff0c;\u5e76\u4e14\u6bcf\u6b21\u5149\u5b50\u63a2\u6d4b\u540e\u9700\u8981\u51e0\u7eb3\u79d2\u7684\u6b7b\u65f6\u95f4&#xff0c;\u56e0\u6b64\u5c06\u6700\u5927\u8ba1\u6570\u7387\u9650\u5236\u5728 100 MHz \u5de6\u53f3\u3002<\/p>\n<p>SiPM \u7531\u8bb8\u591a\u5fae\u5355\u5143\u5e76\u8054\u7ec4\u6210&#xff0c;\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5fae\u5355\u4f4d\u7531\u4e00\u4e2a SPAD \u53ca\u5176\u524d\u7aef\u7535\u8def\u7ec4\u6210\u3002\u56e0\u6b64&#xff0c;SiPM \u662f\u5149\u5b50\u6570\u5206\u8fa8\u63a2\u6d4b\u5668&#xff0c;\u5373\u5b83\u4eec\u63d0\u4f9b\u6709\u5173\u540c\u65f6\u68c0\u6d4b\u5230\u591a\u5c11\u4e2a\u5149\u5b50\u7684\u4fe1\u606f&#xff0c;\u56e0\u6b64\u5b83\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fbe\u5230\u6bd4\u5355\u4e2a SPAD \u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u8ba1\u6570\u7387&#xff0c;\u4e0e\u5fae\u5355\u5143&#xff08;\u5373 SPAD&#xff09;\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u6210\u6bd4\u4f8b&#xff1a;\u4f8b\u5982&#xff0c;\u5177\u6709 100 \u4e2a SPAD \u7684 SiPM \u53ef\u4ee5\u8fbe\u5230\u6bd4\u5355\u4e2a SPAD \u9ad8\u7ea6 100 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