{"id":50354,"date":"2025-07-30T23:06:56","date_gmt":"2025-07-30T15:06:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/50354.html"},"modified":"2025-07-30T23:06:56","modified_gmt":"2025-07-30T15:06:56","slug":"%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e6%a3%80%e6%b5%8b%e6%9c%8d%e5%8a%a1%e5%99%a8%e4%b8%8a%e7%9a%84rootkit%e4%b8%8e%e9%9a%90%e8%94%bd%e5%90%8e%e9%97%a8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/50354.html","title":{"rendered":"\u5982\u4f55\u68c0\u6d4b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u7684Rootkit\u4e0e\u9690\u853d\u540e\u95e8"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align:center\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/20250730150655-688a350f7a2b5.jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Rootkit \u548c\u9690\u853d\u540e\u95e8\u662f\u9ed1\u5ba2\u7528\u6765\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e2d\u9690\u85cf\u6076\u610f\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u5de5\u5177&#xff0c;\u5b83\u4eec\u80fd\u907f\u5f00\u4f20\u7edf\u68c0\u6d4b\u673a\u5236&#xff0c;\u957f\u671f\u6f5c\u4f0f\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u7a83\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u3001\u52ab\u6301\u6743\u9650\u6216\u6267\u884c\u5176\u4ed6\u6076\u610f\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u68c0\u6d4b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u7684 Rootkit \u548c\u540e\u95e8\u9700\u8981\u591a\u5c42\u6b21\u7684\u5206\u6790\u65b9\u6cd5&#xff0c;\u5305\u62ec\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u68c0\u67e5\u3001\u5185\u6838\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4ee5\u53ca\u7f51\u7edc\u6d41\u91cf\u76d1\u63a7\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u68c0\u6d4b Rootkit \u548c\u540e\u95e8\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u5316\u6b65\u9aa4&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h4>1. \u4f7f\u7528\u4e13\u7528\u7684 Rootkit \u68c0\u6d4b\u5de5\u5177<\/h4>\n<h5>1.1 rkhunter&#xff08;Rootkit Hunter&#xff09;<\/h5>\n<p>rkhunter \u662f\u4e00\u6b3e\u7528\u6765\u68c0\u6d4b Rootkit \u548c\u6076\u610f\u540e\u95e8\u7684\u5f00\u6e90\u5de5\u5177\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5b89\u88c5\u4e0e\u4f7f\u7528&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<li>\u5b89\u88c5 rkhunter&#xff1a;\n<p>bash<\/p>\n<p>\u590d\u5236<\/p>\n<p>apt install rkhunter  # Debian\/Ubuntu \u7cfb\u7edf<br \/>\nyum install rkhunter  # CentOS \u7cfb\u7edf<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u66f4\u65b0\u6570\u636e\u5e93&#xff1a;\n<p>bash<\/p>\n<p>\u590d\u5236<\/p>\n<p>rkhunter &#8211;update<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u626b\u63cf\u7cfb\u7edf&#xff1a;\n<p>bash<\/p>\n<p>\u590d\u5236<\/p>\n<p>rkhunter &#8211;check<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u68c0\u67e5\u626b\u63cf\u7ed3\u679c&#xff1a;\n<ul>\n<li>\u626b\u63cf\u5b8c\u6210\u540e&#xff0c;\u67e5\u770b\u662f\u5426\u6709\u201c\u8b66\u544a\u201d\u63d0\u793a\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u626b\u63cf\u65e5\u5fd7\u901a\u5e38\u4fdd\u5b58\u5728 \/var\/log\/rkhunter.log\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<h5>1.2 chkrootkit<\/h5>\n<p>chkrootkit \u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e7f\u6cdb\u4f7f\u7528\u7684 Rootkit \u68c0\u6d4b\u5de5\u5177\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5b89\u88c5\u4e0e\u4f7f\u7528&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<li>\u5b89\u88c5 chkrootkit&#xff1a;\n<p>bash<\/p>\n<p>\u590d\u5236<\/p>\n<p>apt install chkrootkit  # Debian\/Ubuntu \u7cfb\u7edf<br \/>\nyum install chkrootkit  # CentOS \u7cfb\u7edf<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u626b\u63cf\u7cfb\u7edf&#xff1a;\n<p>bash<\/p>\n<p>\u590d\u5236<\/p>\n<p>chkrootkit<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u68c0\u67e5\u5e38\u89c1 Rootkit&#xff1a;\n<ul>\n<li>chkrootkit \u4f1a\u626b\u63cf\u5df2\u77e5 Rootkit&#xff0c;\u68c0\u6d4b\u7ed3\u679c\u4f1a\u63d0\u793a\u662f\u5426\u53d1\u73b0\u5f02\u5e38\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<hr \/>\n<h4>2. \u68c0\u67e5\u7cfb\u7edf\u6587\u4ef6\u5b8c\u6574\u6027<\/h4>\n<p>Rootkit \u901a\u5e38\u901a\u8fc7\u4fee\u6539\u7cfb\u7edf\u5173\u952e\u6587\u4ef6&#xff08;\u5982 ls, ps, netstat \u7b49&#xff09;\u6765\u9690\u85cf\u5176\u6d3b\u52a8&#xff0c;\u56e0\u6b64\u68c0\u67e5\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u5426\u88ab\u7be1\u6539\u662f\u5173\u952e\u3002<\/p>\n<h5>2.1 \u4f7f\u7528\u6587\u4ef6\u6821\u9a8c\u5de5\u5177<\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li>AIDE&#xff08;Advanced Intrusion Detection Environment&#xff09;&#xff1a;\n<ul>\n<li>\u7528\u4e8e\u76d1\u63a7\u6587\u4ef6\u5b8c\u6574\u6027&#xff0c;\u68c0\u6d4b\u7cfb\u7edf\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u5426\u88ab\u4fee\u6539\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5b89\u88c5\u4e0e\u521d\u59cb\u5316&#xff1a;\n<p>bash<\/p>\n<p>\u590d\u5236<\/p>\n<p>apt install aide  # Debian\/Ubuntu \u7cfb\u7edf<br \/>\nyum install aide  # CentOS \u7cfb\u7edf<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u636e\u5e93&#xff1a;\n<p>bash<\/p>\n<p>\u590d\u5236<\/p>\n<p>aide &#8211;init<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u5b9a\u671f\u68c0\u67e5\u6587\u4ef6\u5b8c\u6574\u6027&#xff1a;\n<p>bash<\/p>\n<p>\u590d\u5236<\/p>\n<p>aide &#8211;check<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5>2.2 \u68c0\u67e5\u5173\u952e\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u5426\u88ab\u66ff\u6362<\/h5>\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528 which \u6216 ls \u547d\u4ee4\u68c0\u67e5\u7cfb\u7edf\u5173\u952e\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e&#xff0c;\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5b83\u4eec\u662f\u5426\u88ab\u66ff\u6362&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>bash<\/p>\n<p>\u590d\u5236<\/p>\n<p>which ps<br \/>\nls -lah \/bin\/ps<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5982\u679c\u53d1\u73b0\u6587\u4ef6\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5f02\u5e38&#xff08;\u5982\u4f4d\u4e8e \/tmp \u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u4e0d\u5bfb\u5e38\u7684\u8def\u5f84&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u53ef\u80fd\u5df2\u88ab\u7be1\u6539\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5>2.3 \u4f7f\u7528 tripwire<\/h5>\n<p>Tripwire \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u9ad8\u7ea7\u6587\u4ef6\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u76d1\u63a7\u5de5\u5177&#xff0c;\u9002\u5408\u7528\u4e8e\u68c0\u6d4b\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u53d8\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h4>3. \u68c0\u67e5\u9690\u85cf\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e0e\u6a21\u5757<\/h4>\n<p>Rootkit \u5e38\u901a\u8fc7\u9690\u85cf\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6216\u5185\u6838\u6a21\u5757\u6765\u63a9\u76d6\u5176\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002<\/p>\n<h5>3.1 \u4f7f\u7528 lsmod \u68c0\u67e5\u5185\u6838\u6a21\u5757<\/h5>\n<p>\u67e5\u770b\u52a0\u8f7d\u7684\u5185\u6838\u6a21\u5757&#xff0c;\u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u6709\u5f02\u5e38\u6a21\u5757&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>bash<\/p>\n<p>\u590d\u5236<\/p>\n<p>lsmod<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5982\u679c\u53d1\u73b0\u4e0d\u719f\u6089\u6216\u53ef\u7591\u7684\u6a21\u5757&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u8c03\u67e5\u5176\u6765\u6e90&#xff1a;\n<p>bash<\/p>\n<p>\u590d\u5236<\/p>\n<p>modinfo &lt;\u6a21\u5757\u540d&gt;<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5>3.2 \u4f7f\u7528 ps \u548c top \u68c0\u67e5\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528 ps \u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b&#xff1a;\n<p>bash<\/p>\n<p>\u590d\u5236<\/p>\n<p>ps aux<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528 top \u6216 htop \u67e5\u770b\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d44\u6e90\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5&#xff0c;\u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u6709\u5f02\u5e38\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5>3.3 \u4f7f\u7528 unhide \u68c0\u6d4b\u9690\u85cf\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/h5>\n<p>unhide \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e13\u95e8\u68c0\u6d4b\u9690\u85cf\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u3002<\/p>\n<li>\u5b89\u88c5 unhide&#xff1a;\n<p>bash<\/p>\n<p>\u590d\u5236<\/p>\n<p>apt install unhide  # Debian\/Ubuntu \u7cfb\u7edf<br \/>\nyum install unhide  # CentOS \u7cfb\u7edf<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u626b\u63cf\u9690\u85cf\u8fdb\u7a0b&#xff1a;\n<p>bash<\/p>\n<p>\u590d\u5236<\/p>\n<p>unhide proc<br \/>\nunhide sys<br \/>\nunhide brute<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<hr \/>\n<h4>4. \u68c0\u67e5\u7f51\u7edc\u8fde\u63a5\u4e0e\u540e\u95e8\u884c\u4e3a<\/h4>\n<p>\u540e\u95e8\u901a\u5e38\u901a\u8fc7\u7f51\u7edc\u8fde\u63a5\u4e0e\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u901a\u4fe1&#xff0c;\u56e0\u6b64\u76d1\u63a7\u7f51\u7edc\u6d3b\u52a8\u662f\u53d1\u73b0\u540e\u95e8\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<h5>4.1 \u4f7f\u7528 netstat \u6216 ss<\/h5>\n<p>\u68c0\u67e5\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u8fde\u63a5&#xff0c;\u5bfb\u627e\u5f02\u5e38\u7aef\u53e3\u6216\u8fde\u63a5&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>bash<\/p>\n<p>\u590d\u5236<\/p>\n<p>netstat -tulnp<br \/>\nss -tulnp<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u6ce8\u610f\u76d1\u542c\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u662f\u5426\u6709\u5f02\u5e38&#xff08;\u5982\u4e0d\u719f\u6089\u7684\u9ad8\u4f4d\u7aef\u53e3&#xff09;\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5bf9\u53ef\u7591\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8fdb\u884c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5206\u6790&#xff1a;\n<p>bash<\/p>\n<p>\u590d\u5236<\/p>\n<p>lsof -i :&lt;\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7&gt;<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5>4.2 \u4f7f\u7528 tcpdump \u6216 Wireshark<\/h5>\n<p>\u6355\u83b7\u548c\u5206\u6790\u7f51\u7edc\u6d41\u91cf&#xff0c;\u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u6709\u53ef\u7591\u7684\u5916\u90e8\u901a\u4fe1&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>bash<\/p>\n<p>\u590d\u5236<\/p>\n<p>tcpdump -i eth0<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u7b5b\u9009\u7279\u5b9a\u7aef\u53e3\u7684\u6d41\u91cf&#xff1a;\n<p>bash<\/p>\n<p>\u590d\u5236<\/p>\n<p>tcpdump -i eth0 port &lt;\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7&gt;<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5>4.3 \u68c0\u67e5\u542f\u52a8\u9879<\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li>\u68c0\u67e5\u7cfb\u7edf\u542f\u52a8\u9879\u662f\u5426\u88ab\u6076\u610f\u4fee\u6539&#xff1a;\n<p>bash<\/p>\n<p>\u590d\u5236<\/p>\n<p>systemctl list-units &#8211;type&#061;service<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u68c0\u67e5 \/etc\/rc.local \u548c \/etc\/init.d\/ \u662f\u5426\u6709\u5f02\u5e38\u811a\u672c\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h4>5. \u68c0\u67e5\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e5\u5fd7<\/h4>\n<p>\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e5\u5fd7\u662f\u53d1\u73b0\u540e\u95e8\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u7ebf\u7d22\u3002<\/p>\n<h5>5.1 \u67e5\u770b SSH \u767b\u5f55\u65e5\u5fd7<\/h5>\n<p>\u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u6709\u53ef\u7591\u767b\u5f55\u8bb0\u5f55&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>bash<\/p>\n<p>\u590d\u5236<\/p>\n<p>cat \/var\/log\/auth.log  # Debian\/Ubuntu<br \/>\ncat \/var\/log\/secure    # CentOS<\/p>\n<h5>5.2 \u68c0\u67e5\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e8b\u4ef6\u65e5\u5fd7<\/h5>\n<p>\u67e5\u770b\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6&#xff0c;\u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u6709\u5f02\u5e38&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>bash<\/p>\n<p>\u590d\u5236<\/p>\n<p>cat \/var\/log\/syslog    # Debian\/Ubuntu<br \/>\ncat \/var\/log\/messages  # CentOS<\/p>\n<h5>5.3 \u68c0\u67e5\u8ba1\u5212\u4efb\u52a1<\/h5>\n<p>\u540e\u95e8\u53ef\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7\u5b9a\u65f6\u4efb\u52a1\u5b9a\u671f\u8fd0\u884c&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5217\u51fa\u6240\u6709\u5b9a\u65f6\u4efb\u52a1&#xff1a;\n<p>bash<\/p>\n<p>\u590d\u5236<\/p>\n<p>crontab -l<br \/>\ncat \/etc\/crontab<br \/>\nls \/etc\/cron.*<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h4>6. \u4f7f\u7528\u4e13\u4e1a\u7684\u5165\u4fb5\u68c0\u6d4b\u5de5\u5177<\/h4>\n<h5>6.1 OSSEC<\/h5>\n<p>OSSEC \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f00\u6e90\u7684\u5165\u4fb5\u68c0\u6d4b\u7cfb\u7edf&#xff0c;\u53ef\u76d1\u63a7\u6587\u4ef6\u53d8\u5316\u3001\u65e5\u5fd7\u548c\u7f51\u7edc\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5b89\u88c5\u4e0e\u914d\u7f6e&#xff1a;\n<p>bash<\/p>\n<p>\u590d\u5236<\/p>\n<p>apt install ossec-hids-server  # Debian\/Ubuntu<br \/>\nyum install ossec-hids-server  # CentOS<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u914d\u7f6e\u89c4\u5219\u540e&#xff0c;\u5b9e\u65f6\u76d1\u63a7\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5>6.2 Fail2Ban<\/h5>\n<p>Fail2Ban \u53ef\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62\u66b4\u529b\u7834\u89e3\u653b\u51fb&#xff0c;\u5e76\u76d1\u63a7\u767b\u5f55\u5931\u8d25\u8bb0\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h4>7. \u91c7\u53d6\u4fee\u590d\u548c\u52a0\u56fa\u63aa\u65bd<\/h4>\n<h5>7.1 \u5220\u9664\u53ef\u7591\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5bf9\u5df2\u786e\u8ba4\u7684\u6076\u610f\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8fdb\u884c\u6e05\u7406&#xff1a;\n<p>bash<\/p>\n<p>\u590d\u5236<\/p>\n<p>kill -9 &lt;\u8fdb\u7a0bPID&gt;<br \/>\nrm -rf &lt;\u6076\u610f\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84&gt;<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5>7.2 \u66f4\u65b0\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u8f6f\u4ef6<\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li>\u66f4\u65b0\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u6240\u6709\u8f6f\u4ef6&#xff0c;\u4fee\u590d\u5df2\u77e5\u6f0f\u6d1e&#xff1a;\n<p>bash<\/p>\n<p>\u590d\u5236<\/p>\n<p>apt update &amp;&amp; apt upgrade -y  # Debian\/Ubuntu<br \/>\nyum update -y                 # CentOS<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5>7.3 \u914d\u7f6e\u9632\u706b\u5899<\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528 ufw \u6216 iptables \u9650\u5236\u8bbf\u95ee&#xff1a;\n<p>bash<\/p>\n<p>\u590d\u5236<\/p>\n<p>ufw allow ssh<br \/>\nufw enable<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5>7.4 \u5b9a\u671f\u5907\u4efd<\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5b9a\u671f\u5907\u4efd\u91cd\u8981\u6570\u636e&#xff0c;\u786e\u4fdd\u5728\u88ab\u5165\u4fb5\u540e\u80fd\u591f\u5feb\u901f\u6062\u590d\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h4>\u603b\u7ed3<\/h4>\n<p>\u68c0\u6d4b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u7684 Rootkit 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