{"id":50215,"date":"2025-07-30T22:11:35","date_gmt":"2025-07-30T14:11:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/50215.html"},"modified":"2025-07-30T22:11:35","modified_gmt":"2025-07-30T14:11:35","slug":"excel%e6%96%87%e4%bb%b6%e8%a7%a3%e6%9e%90","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/50215.html","title":{"rendered":"Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u89e3\u6790"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u4e00\u3001\u6982\u8ff0：<\/h3>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u5728\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d，\u7ecf\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5bfc\u5165\u6216\u5bfc\u51fa\u3002\u6240\u4ee5，\u5728\u901a\u8fc7Java\u8bed\u8a00\u5b9e\u73b0\u6b64\u7c7b\u9700\u6c42\u7684\u65f6\u5019，\u5f80\u5f80\u4f1a\u9762\u4e34\u7740Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u89e3\u6790（\u5bfc\u5165）\u6216\u751f\u6210（\u5bfc\u51fa）\u3002\u5728Java\u6280\u672f\u751f\u6001\u5708\u4e2d，\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884cExcel\u6587\u4ef6\u5904\u7406\u7684\u4e3b\u6d41\u6280\u672f\u5305\u62ec：Apache POI\u3001JXL\u3001Alibaba EasyExcel\u7b49\u3002Apache POI\u57fa\u4e8eDOM\u65b9\u5f0f\u8fdb\u884c\u89e3\u6790，\u5c06\u6587\u4ef6\u76f4\u63a5\u52a0\u8f7d\u5185\u5b58，\u6240\u4ee5\u901f\u5ea6\u8f83\u5feb，\u9002\u5408Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u4e0d\u5927\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u3002JXL\u53ea\u652f\u6301Excel 2003\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7248\u672c，\u6240\u4ee5\u4e0d\u592a\u5e38\u89c1\u3002Alibaba EasyExcel\u91c7\u7528\u9010\u884c\u8bfb\u53d6\u7684\u89e3\u6790\u6a21\u5f0f，\u5c06\u6bcf\u4e00\u884c\u7684\u89e3\u6790\u7ed3\u679c\u4ee5\u89c2\u5bdf\u8005\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u901a\u77e5\u5904\u7406（AnalysisEventListener），\u6240\u4ee5\u6bd4\u8f83\u9002\u5408\u6570\u636e\u4f53\u91cf\u8f83\u5927\u7684Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u89e3\u6790\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u30012. Apache POI：<\/h3>\n

Apache POI\u662f\u7528Java\u7f16\u5199\u7684\u514d\u8d39\u5f00\u6e90\u7684\u8de8\u5e73\u53f0\u7684Java API，Apache POI\u63d0\u4f9b\u7ed9Java\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5bf9Microsoft Office\u683c\u5f0f\u6863\u6848\u8fdb\u884c\u8bfb\u5199\u529f\u80fd\u7684API\u5f00\u6e90\u7c7b\u5e93\u3002\u5b83\u5206\u522b\u63d0\u4f9b\u5bf9\u4e0d\u540c\u683c\u5f0f\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u89e3\u6790<\/p>\n

（1）HSSF － \u63d0\u4f9b\u8bfb\u5199Microsoft Excel\u683c\u5f0f\u6863\u6848\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/h4>\n

（2）XSSF － \u63d0\u4f9b\u8bfb\u5199Microsoft Excel OOXML\u683c\u5f0f\u6863\u6848\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/h4>\n

（3）HWPF － \u63d0\u4f9b\u8bfb\u5199Microsoft Word\u683c\u5f0f\u6863\u6848\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/h4>\n

（4）HSLF － \u63d0\u4f9b\u8bfb\u5199Microsoft PowerPoint\u683c\u5f0f\u6863\u6848\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/h4>\n

（5）HDGF － \u63d0\u4f9b\u8bfb\u5199Microsoft Visio\u683c\u5f0f\u6863\u6848\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/h4>\n

\u4e09\u3001XSSF\u89e3\u6790Excel\u6587\u4ef6：<\/h3>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0HSSF\u7528\u4e8e\u89e3\u6790\u65e7\u7248\u672c（*.xls）Excel\u6587\u4ef6，\u7531\u4e8e\u65e7\u7248\u672c\u7684Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u53ea\u80fd\u5b58\u572865535\u884c\u6570\u636e，\u6240\u4ee5\u76ee\u524d\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e0d\u5e38\u7528\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u76ee\u524d\u4e3b\u8981\u91c7\u7528XSSF\u8fdb\u884c\u65b0\u7248\u672c（*.xlsx）Exce\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u89e3\u6790\u3002<\/p>\n

1\u3001Workbook（Excel\u6587\u4ef6）：<\/h4>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Workbook\u63a5\u53e3\u4ee3\u8868\u4e00\u4e2aExcel\u6587\u4ef6，\u7528\u4e8e\u521b\u5efa\u6216\u52a0\u8f7d（\u89e3\u6790）Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u5e38\u89c1\u5b9e\u73b0\u7c7b\u662fXSSFWorkbook\u3002<\/p>\n

（1）\u521b\u5efaExcel\u6587\u4ef6<\/h5>\n

try (Workbook workbook = new XSSFWorkbook();
\nFileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream("c:\\\\\\\\test\\\\\\\\temp.xlsx")) {
\n workbook.write(fos);
\n} catch (IOException e) {
\n e.printStackTrace();
\n}<\/p>\n

（2）\u52a0\u8f7d（\u89e3\u6790）Excel\u6587\u4ef6：<\/h5>\n

\/\/ \u8f93\u5165\u6d41
\nFileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream("c:\\\\\\\\test\\\\\\\\1627356554991.xlsx");<\/p>\n

\/\/ Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u5bf9\u8c61
\nWorkbook workbook = new XSSFWorkbook(fis);<\/p>\n

2\u3001Sheet （\u5de5\u4f5c\u7c3f）：\u901a\u8fc7Workbook\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u5de5\u4f5c\u7c3fSheet\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u83b7\u53d6\u6216\u521b\u5efa<\/h4>\n

（1）\u00a0\u521b\u5efa\u5de5\u4f5c\u7c3f<\/h5>\n

\/\/ \u6309\u7167\u9ed8\u8ba4\u540d\u79f0\u521b\u5efa\u5de5\u4f5c\u7c3f
\nSheet sheet1 = workbook.createSheet();<\/p>\n

\/\/ \u6309\u7167\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u540d\u79f0\u521b\u5efa\u5de5\u4f5c\u7c3f
\nSheet sheet2 = workbook.createSheet("\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u5de5\u4f5c\u7c3f2");<\/p>\n

（2）\u83b7\u53d6\u5de5\u4f5c\u7c3f：<\/h5>\n

\/\/ \u6309\u7167\u5de5\u4f5c\u7c3f\u4e0b\u6807\u83b7\u53d6Sheet
\nSheet sheet01 = workbook.getSheetAt(0);<\/p>\n

\/\/ \u6309\u7167\u5de5\u4f5c\u7c3f\u540d\u79f0\u83b7\u53d6Sheet
\nSheet sheet02 = workbook.getSheet("Sheet0");<\/p>\n

（3）\u83b7\u53d6\u5de5\u4f5c\u7c3f\u7684\u6570\u91cf：<\/h5>\n

int n = workbook.getNumberOfSheets();<\/p>\n

4\u3001Row（\u6570\u636e\u884c）：\u901a\u8fc7Sheet\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u884cRow\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u83b7\u53d6\u6216\u521b\u5efa<\/h4>\n

（1）\u521b\u5efa\u6570\u636e\u884c：<\/h5>\n

Row row = sheet.createRow(0);<\/p>\n

（2）\u83b7\u53d6\u9996\u884c\u4e0b\u6807：<\/h5>\n

int first = sheet.getFirstRowNum();<\/p>\n

（3）\u83b7\u53d6\u5c3e\u884c\u4e0b\u6807：<\/h5>\n

int last = sheet.getLastRowNum();<\/p>\n

（4）\u83b7\u53d6\u4e0b\u6807\u6307\u5b9a\u884c：<\/h5>\n

Row row = sheet.getRow(0);<\/p>\n

（5）\u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u884c：<\/h5>\n

for(Row row : sheet) {
\n System.out.println(row);
\n}<\/p>\n

（6）\u904d\u5386\u6307\u5b9a\u533a\u57df\u884c：<\/h5>\n

for (int i = 1; i <= sheet.getLastRowNum(); i++) {
\n Row row = sheet.getRow(i);
\n System.out.println(row);
\n}<\/p>\n

5\u3001Cell（\u5355\u5143\u683c）：\u901a\u8fc7Row\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u5355\u5143\u683cCell\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u83b7\u53d6\u6216\u521b\u5efa\u3002<\/h4>\n

（1）\u521b\u5efa\u5355\u5143\u683c：<\/h5>\n

Cell cell0 = row.createCell(0);<\/p>\n

（2）\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5355\u5143\u683c\u503c：<\/h5>\n

cell0.setCellValue(UUID.randomUUID().toString());<\/p>\n

（3）\u6839\u636e\u4e0b\u8868\u83b7\u53d6\u5355\u5143\u683c：<\/h5>\n

Cell cell = row.getCell(1);<\/p>\n

（4）\u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u5355\u5143\u683c：<\/h5>\n

for(Cell cell : row) {<\/p>\n

}<\/p>\n

（5）\u83b7\u53d6\u5355\u5143\u683c\u7c7b\u578b：<\/h5>\n

CellType type = cell.getCellType();<\/p>\n

（6）\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5355\u5143\u683c\u6837\u5f0f：<\/h5>\n

\/\/ \u521b\u5efa\u5355\u5143\u683c\u6837\u5f0f
\nCellStyle headerCellStyle = workbook.createCellStyle();<\/p>\n

\/\/\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5355\u5143\u683c\u7684\u6c34\u5e73\u5bf9\u9f50\u7c7b\u578b, \u6b64\u65f6\u6c34\u5e73\u5c45\u4e2d
\nheaderCellStyle.setAlignment(HorizontalAlignment.CENTER);<\/p>\n

\/\/ \u8bbe\u7f6e\u5355\u5143\u683c\u7684\u5782\u76f4\u5bf9\u9f50\u7c7b\u578b,\u6b64\u65f6\u5782\u76f4\u9760\u5e95\u8fb9
\nheaderCellStyle.setVerticalAlignment(VerticalAlignment.BOTTOM);<\/p>\n

\/\/ \u521b\u5efa\u5e76\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5b57\u4f53
\nFont font = workbook.createFont();
\nfont.setBold(true);
\nfont.setColor(Font.COLOR_RED);
\nheaderCellStyle.setFont(font);<\/p>\n

（7）\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5355\u5143\u683c\u6570\u636e\u683c\u5f0f：<\/h5>\n

\/\/ \u521b\u5efa\u5355\u5143\u683c\u6837\u5f0f
\nDataFormat dataFormat = workbook.createDataFormat();
\nShort formatCode = dataFormat.getFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
\nCellStyle cellStyle = workbook.createCellStyle();
\ncellStyle.setDataFormat(formatCode);<\/p>\n

\/\/ …<\/p>\n

\/\/ \u4e3a\u5f53\u524d\u884c\u521b\u5efa\u5355\u5143\u683c
\nCell cell1 = row.createCell(1);
\ncell1.setCellStyle(cellStyle); \/\/ \u8bbe\u7f6e\u5355\u5143\u683c\u6837\u5f0f
\ncell1.setCellValue(new Date()); \/\/ \u4fdd\u5b58\u5f53\u524d\u65e5\u671f\u65f6\u95f4\u81f3\u672c\u5355\u5143\u683c<\/p>\n

（8）\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5355\u5143\u683c\u5bf9\u9f50：<\/h5>\n

\/\/ \u521b\u5efa\u5355\u5143\u683c\u6837\u5f0f
\nCellStyle cellStyle = workbook.createCellStyle();<\/p>\n

\/\/\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5355\u5143\u683c\u7684\u6c34\u5e73\u5bf9\u9f50\u7c7b\u578b\u3002 \u6b64\u65f6\u6c34\u5e73\u5c45\u4e2d
\ncellStyle.setAlignment(HorizontalAlignment.CENTER);<\/p>\n

\/\/ \u8bbe\u7f6e\u5355\u5143\u683c\u7684\u5782\u76f4\u5bf9\u9f50\u7c7b\u578b\u3002 \u6b64\u65f6\u5782\u76f4\u9760\u5e95\u8fb9
\ncellStyle.setVerticalAlignment(VerticalAlignment.BOTTOM);<\/p>\n

\u56db\u3001\u8d85\u5927Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u8bfb\u5199<\/h3>\n

1\u3001\u00a0\u4f7f\u7528POI\u5199\u51fa：\u4f7f\u7528SXSSFWorkbook\u8fdb\u884c\u5199\u5165，\u901a\u8fc7\u8bbe\u7f6eSXXFWorkbook\u7684\u6784\u9020\u53c2\u6570，\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6bcf\u6b21\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u4fdd\u6301\u7684\u884c\u6570，\u5f53\u8fbe\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u503c\u7684\u65f6\u5019，\u90a3\u4e48\u4f1a\u628a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636eflush\u5230\u78c1\u76d8\u4e0a，\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u4e0d\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u5185\u5b58\u4e0d\u591f\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/h4>\n

try (Workbook workbook = new SXSSFWorkbook(100);
\nFileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream("c:\\\\\\\\test\\\\\\\\temp.xlsx")) {
\n Sheet sheet1 = workbook.createSheet();<\/p>\n

for (int i = 0; i <= 1000000; i++) {
\n Row row = sheet1.createRow(i);
\n Cell cell0 = row.createCell(0);
\n cell0.setCellValue(UUID.randomUUID().toString());<\/p>\n

Cell cell1 = row.createCell(1);
\n cell1.setCellValue(new Date());
\n }<\/p>\n

workbook.write(fos);
\n} catch (IOException e) {
\n e.printStackTrace();
\n}<\/p>\n

2\u3001\u4f7f\u7528EasyExcel：<\/h4>\n

（1）\u51c6\u5907\u5b9e\u4f53\u7c7b：<\/h5>\n

public class Order {
\n @ExcelProperty("\u8ba2\u5355\u7f16\u53f7")
\nprivate String orderId; \/\/ \u8ba2\u5355\u7f16\u53f7<\/p>\n

@ExcelProperty("\u652f\u4ed8\u91d1\u989d")
\n@NumberFormat("￥#,###")
\nprivate Double payment; \/\/ \u652f\u4ed8\u91d1\u989d<\/p>\n

@ExcelProperty(value = "\u521b\u5efa\u65e5\u671f",converter = LocalDateTimeConverter.class)
\nprivate LocalDateTime creationTime; \/\/ \u521b\u5efa\u65f6\u95f4<\/p>\n

public Order() {
\nthis.orderId = LocalDateTime.now().format(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("yyyyMMddhhmmss"))
\n+ UUID.randomUUID().toString().substring(0, 5);
\nthis.payment = Math.random() * 10000;
\nthis.creationTime = LocalDateTime.now();
\n}<\/p>\n

public String getOrderId() {
\nreturn orderId;
\n}<\/p>\n

public void setOrderId(String orderId) {
\nthis.orderId = orderId;
\n}<\/p>\n

public Double getPayment() {
\nreturn payment;
\n}<\/p>\n

public void setPayment(Double payment) {
\nthis.payment = payment;
\n}<\/p>\n

public LocalDateTime getCreationTime() {
\nreturn creationTime;
\n}<\/p>\n

public void setCreationTime(LocalDateTime creationTime) {
\nthis.creationTime = creationTime;
\n}<\/p>\n

@Override
\npublic String toString() {
\nreturn "Order [orderId=" + orderId + ", payment=" + payment + ", creationTime=" + creationTime + "]";
\n}
\n}<\/p>\n

（2）\u3001\u51c6\u5907Converter\u8f6c\u6362\u7c7b（\u517c\u5bb9LocalDateTime\u65e5\u671f\u65f6\u95f4\u7c7b）：<\/h5>\n

public class LocalDateTimeConverter implements Converter<LocalDateTime> {<\/p>\n

@Override
\npublic Class<LocalDateTime> supportJavaTypeKey() {
\nreturn LocalDateTime.class;
\n}<\/p>\n

@Override
\npublic CellDataTypeEnum supportExcelTypeKey() {
\nreturn CellDataTypeEnum.STRING;
\n}<\/p>\n

@Override
\npublic LocalDateTime convertToJavaData(CellData cellData, ExcelContentProperty contentProperty,
\nGlobalConfiguration globalConfiguration) {
\nreturn LocalDateTime.parse(cellData.getStringValue(), DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"));
\n}<\/p>\n

@Override
\npublic CellData<String> convertToExcelData(LocalDateTime value, ExcelContentProperty contentProperty,
\nGlobalConfiguration globalConfiguration) {
\nreturn new CellData<>(value.format(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss")));
\n}<\/p>\n

}<\/p>\n

3\u3001\u5199\u5165100w\u6761\u6570\u636e：<\/h4>\n

public class Demo {
\npublic static void main(String[] args) {
\n \/\/ \u5199\u5165100w\u6761\u6570\u636e
\n EasyExcel.write("c:\\\\\\\\test\\\\\\\\run\\\\\\\\easy.xlsx", Order.class)
\n .sheet("\u8ba2\u5355\u5217\u8868")
\n .doWrite(data());
\n }<\/p>\n

\/\/ \u521b\u5efa100w\u6761\u8ba2\u5355\u6570\u636e
\n private static List<Order> data() {
\n List<Order> list = new ArrayList<Order>();
\n for (int i = 0; i < 1000000; i++) {
\n list.add(new Order());
\n }
\n return list;
\n }
\n}<\/p>\n

4\u3001\u8bfb\u53d6100w\u6761\u6570\u636e：<\/h4>\n

\/\/ \u8bfb\u53d6100w\u6761\u6570\u636e
\nEasyExcel.read("c:\\\\\\\\test\\\\\\\\run\\\\\\\\easy.xlsx", Order.class,new AnalysisEventListener<Order>() {
\n @Override
\n public void invoke(Order order, AnalysisContext arg1) {
\n \/\/ \u8bfb\u53d6\u6bcf\u6761\u6570\u636e
\n orderList.add(order);
\n }<\/p>\n

@Override
\n public void invokeHeadMap(Map<Integer, String> headMap, AnalysisContext context) {
\n \/\/ \u8bfb\u53d6\u5230\u5217\u5934
\n System.out.println(headMap);
\n }<\/p>\n

@Override
\n public void doAfterAllAnalysed(AnalysisContext arg0) {
\n \/\/ \u8bfb\u53d6\u5b8c\u6bd5
\n System.out.println("END");
\n }
\n}).sheet().doRead();<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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