{"id":49634,"date":"2025-07-30T18:47:51","date_gmt":"2025-07-30T10:47:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/49634.html"},"modified":"2025-07-30T18:47:51","modified_gmt":"2025-07-30T10:47:51","slug":"java-8-%e5%88%b0-java-24-%e6%96%b0%e7%89%b9%e6%80%a7%e4%b8%80%e8%a7%88","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/49634.html","title":{"rendered":"Java 8 \u5230 Java 24 \u65b0\u7279\u6027\u4e00\u89c8"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u6587\u7ae0\u8bf4\u660e&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<li>\u672c\u6587\u6574\u7406\u4e86 Java 8 \u81f3 Java 24 \u5404\u7248\u672c\u7684\u65b0\u7279\u6027&#xff0c;\u5185\u5bb9\u5305\u62ec\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7248\u672c\u7684\u65b0\u589e\u529f\u80fd\u5206\u7c7b&#xff08;\u5982\u8bed\u6cd5\u589e\u5f3a\u3001\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u3001\u5de5\u5177\u652f\u6301\u7b49&#xff09;\u3001\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b&#xff0c;\u5e76\u7ed3\u5408\u5b98\u65b9\u6587\u6863\u8d44\u6599&#xff0c;\u5206\u6790\u6bcf\u9879\u7279\u6027\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u53ca\u4f18\u7f3a\u70b9\u3002<\/li>\n<li>Java 8 \u53d1\u5e03\u4e8e 2014 \u5e74&#xff0c;\u6b64\u540e Java \u8fdb\u5165\u5feb\u901f\u8fed\u4ee3\u6a21\u5f0f&#xff0c;\u6bcf\u534a\u5e74\u53d1\u5e03\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7248\u672c\u3002\u4e00\u8def\u8d70\u6765&#xff0c;Java 8 \u5230 Java 24 \u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u65b0\u7279\u6027\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u5c06\u6309\u7248\u672c\u9010\u4e00\u68b3\u7406\u5404\u4e3b\u8981\u7279\u6027&#xff0c;\u5e76\u6309\u201c\u8bed\u8a00\u7279\u6027\u201d\u201c\u6838\u5fc3\u5e93\u201d\u201c\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u4e0eJVM\u201d\u201c\u5de5\u5177\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u201d\u7b49\u5206\u7c7b\u8bf4\u660e&#xff0c;\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7279\u6027\u9644\u6709\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u8bf4\u660e\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u672c\u6587\u6301\u7eed\u66f4\u65b0\u4e2d\u2026<\/li>\n<h3>Java 8 \u65b0\u7279\u6027<\/h3>\n<p>\u53d1\u884c\u65f6\u95f4&#xff1a; 2014 \u5e74 3 \u6708<\/p>\n<h4>\u8bed\u8a00\u7279\u6027<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>Lambda \u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4e0e\u51fd\u6570\u5f0f\u63a5\u53e3&#xff1a; Java 8 \u5f15\u5165\u4e86 Lambda \u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f&#xff0c;\u4f7f\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u5c06\u533f\u540d\u51fd\u6570\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u7b49\u516c\u6c11\u4f20\u9012\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u4f8b\u5982&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 Comparator&lt;String&gt; cmp &#061; (a, b) -&gt; a.length() &#8211; b.length(); \u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u957f\u5ea6\u6bd4\u8f83\u3002\u8fd9\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e \u51fd\u6570\u5f0f\u63a5\u53e3&#xff08;\u53ea\u542b\u5355\u4e00\u62bd\u8c61\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u63a5\u53e3&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u5982 Comparator \u6216\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u63a5\u53e3&#xff0c;Lambda \u4f1a\u88ab\u63a8\u65ad\u6210\u8be5\u63a5\u53e3\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u6709\u4e86 Lambda&#xff0c;\u4ee3\u7801\u53d8\u5f97\u66f4\u52a0\u7b80\u6d01&#xff0c;\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u63d0\u9ad8&#xff0c;\u5c24\u5176\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u96c6\u5408\u7684\u8fc7\u6ee4\u3001\u6620\u5c04\u7b49\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u793a\u4f8b&#xff1a;\u4f7f\u7528 Lambda \u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u5bf9\u5217\u8868\u8fdb\u884c\u8fc7\u6ee4\u548c\u6620\u5c04<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token class-name\">List<\/span><span class=\"token generics\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">String<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span> names <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Arrays<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">asList<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;Alice&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;Bob&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;Ann&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token class-name\">List<\/span><span class=\"token generics\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">String<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span> filtered <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> names<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">stream<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n                             <span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">filter<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>s <span class=\"token operator\">-&gt;<\/span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">startsWith<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;A&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n                             <span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">map<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>s <span class=\"token operator\">-&gt;<\/span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">toUpperCase<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n                             <span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">collect<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">Collectors<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">toList<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token class-name\">System<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>out<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">println<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>filtered<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span> <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u8f93\u51fa: [ALICE, ANN]<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u65b9\u6cd5\u5f15\u7528&#xff1a; \u9664\u4e86 Lambda&#xff0c;Java 8 \u8fd8\u652f\u6301 \u65b9\u6cd5\u5f15\u7528&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528 Class::method \u7b80\u6d01\u5730\u5f15\u7528\u5df2\u6709\u65b9\u6cd5\u6216\u6784\u9020\u5668\u3002\u4f8b\u5982&#xff0c;names.forEach(System.out::println) \u4f1a\u6253\u5370\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20&#xff0c;\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u5bf9\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u6267\u884c System.out.println\u3002\u65b9\u6cd5\u5f15\u7528\u4e0e Lambda \u4e00\u6837&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u5fc5\u987b\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u5f0f\u63a5\u53e3\u76ee\u6807\u7c7b\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u63a5\u53e3\u9ed8\u8ba4\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u9759\u6001\u65b9\u6cd5&#xff1a; \u63a5\u53e3\u73b0\u5728\u53ef\u4ee5\u5305\u542b\u5e26\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684 \u9ed8\u8ba4\u65b9\u6cd5&#xff08;default\u65b9\u6cd5&#xff09;\u548c \u9759\u6001\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u5728\u4e0d\u7834\u574f\u5df2\u6709\u5b9e\u73b0\u7c7b\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u4e0b\u5411\u63a5\u53e3\u6dfb\u52a0\u65b0\u65b9\u6cd5\u6210\u4e3a\u53ef\u80fd\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u88ab\u5b9e\u73b0\u7c7b\u7ee7\u627f\u6216\u91cd\u5199&#xff1b;\u9759\u6001\u65b9\u6cd5\u5219\u53ea\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7\u63a5\u53e3\u540d\u8c03\u7528&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u5b50\u7c7b\u91cd\u5199\u3002\u4f8b\u5982&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">interface<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">MyInterface<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">static<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">void<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">staticMethod<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token class-name\">System<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>out<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">println<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;\u63a5\u53e3\u9759\u6001\u65b9\u6cd5&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">default<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">void<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">defaultMethod<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token class-name\">System<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>out<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">println<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;\u63a5\u53e3\u9ed8\u8ba4\u65b9\u6cd5&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">void<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">abstractMethod<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">class<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">MyClass<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">implements<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">MyInterface<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token annotation punctuation\">&#064;Override<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">public<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">void<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">abstractMethod<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u672a\u91cd\u5199 defaultMethod()&#xff0c;\u5c06\u7ee7\u627f\u63a5\u53e3\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5b9e\u73b0<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token class-name\">MyInterface<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">staticMethod<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span>       <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u8c03\u7528\u63a5\u53e3\u9759\u6001\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">new<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">MyClass<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">defaultMethod<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span>    <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u8c03\u7528\u63a5\u53e3\u9ed8\u8ba4\u65b9\u6cd5&#xff0c;\u5b9e\u73b0\u7c7b\u672a\u91cd\u5199\u5219\u6267\u884c\u63a5\u53e3\u4e2d\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f&#xff1a; \u9ed8\u8ba4\u65b9\u6cd5\u89e3\u51b3\u4e86\u63a5\u53e3\u6f14\u5316\u7684\u95ee\u9898&#xff0c;\u6bd4\u5982 Java 8 \u4e3a Collection \u63a5\u53e3\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e86 stream() \u9ed8\u8ba4\u65b9\u6cd5&#xff0c;\u4ece\u800c\u6240\u6709\u5b9e\u73b0\u7c7b\u65e0\u9700\u4fee\u6539\u5c31\u81ea\u52a8\u62e5\u6709\u6d41\u64cd\u4f5c\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u9759\u6001\u65b9\u6cd5\u5219\u65b9\u4fbf\u5728\u63a5\u53e3\u4e2d\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5de5\u5177\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u91cd\u590d\u6ce8\u89e3&#xff08;Repeatable Annotation&#xff09;&#xff1a; \u5141\u8bb8\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u58f0\u660e\u6216\u7c7b\u578b\u4e0a\u591a\u6b21\u5e94\u7528\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6ce8\u89e3\u7c7b\u578b\u3002Java 8 \u5f15\u5165\u4e86 &#064;Repeatable \u5143\u6ce8\u89e3&#xff0c;\u901a\u8fc7\u5b9a\u4e49\u201c\u5bb9\u5668\u6ce8\u89e3\u201d\u7c7b\u578b\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u91cd\u590d\u6ce8\u89e3\u652f\u6301\u3002\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u5982\u5b9a\u4e49\u591a\u4e2a\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5668\u3001\u591a\u4e2a\u6743\u9650\u6ce8\u89e3\u7b49&#xff0c;\u4f7f\u4ee3\u7801\u66f4\u76f4\u89c2\u3002\u4f8b\u5982&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token annotation punctuation\">&#064;Schedule<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>day<span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;Mon&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token annotation punctuation\">&#064;Schedule<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>day<span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;Tue&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">void<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">scheduledTask<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u7c7b\u578b\u6ce8\u89e3&#xff1a; Java 8 \u6269\u5c55\u4e86\u6ce8\u89e3\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u573a\u666f&#xff0c;\u6ce8\u89e3\u73b0\u5728\u53ef\u4ee5\u52a0\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u7c7b\u578b\u4f7f\u7528\u5904&#xff08;Type Use&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u5982\u6cdb\u578b\u7c7b\u578b\u53c2\u6570\u3001\u5f3a\u5236\u8f6c\u6362\u3001\u5b9e\u73b0\u58f0\u660e\u7b49\u3002\u7ed3\u5408 JSR 308&#xff0c;\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u5f00\u53d1\u66f4\u5f3a\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u68c0\u67e5\u5de5\u5177&#xff08;\u5982\u7a7a\u6307\u9488\u5206\u6790&#xff09;\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u6838\u5fc3\u5e93\u65b0\u7279\u6027<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>Stream API&#xff1a; Java 8 \u7684 Stream API \u4e3a\u96c6\u5408\u6279\u91cf\u64cd\u4f5c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u58f0\u660e\u5f0f\u3001\u94fe\u5f0f\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u3002\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u7c7b\u4f3c SQL \u98ce\u683c\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c&#xff08;filter, map, reduce \u7b49&#xff09;\u6765\u5904\u7406\u6570\u636e\u6d41\u3002Stream \u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u5206\u4e3a\u4e2d\u95f4\u64cd\u4f5c&#xff08;\u60f0\u6027\u6c42\u503c&#xff09;\u548c\u7ec8\u6b62\u64cd\u4f5c&#xff08;\u89e6\u53d1\u8ba1\u7b97&#xff09;\u3002\u4f8b\u5982&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token class-name\">List<\/span><span class=\"token generics\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">Integer<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span> numbers <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Arrays<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">asList<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token number\">1<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">2<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">3<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">4<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">5<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> sum <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> numbers<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">stream<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n                 <span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">filter<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>n <span class=\"token operator\">-&gt;<\/span> n <span class=\"token operator\">%<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">2<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">1<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span>      <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u7b5b\u9009\u5947\u6570<\/span><br \/>\n                 <span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">mapToInt<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>n <span class=\"token operator\">-&gt;<\/span> n <span class=\"token operator\">*<\/span> n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span>         <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u5e73\u65b9\u6620\u5c04<\/span><br \/>\n                 <span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">sum<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span>                       <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u7ec8\u6b62\u64cd\u4f5c\u6c42\u548c<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token class-name\">System<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>out<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">println<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>sum<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span> <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u8f93\u51fa: 35&#xff08;1^2 &#043; 3^2 &#043; 5^2&#xff09;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f&#xff1a; Stream API \u5927\u5927\u7b80\u5316\u4e86\u96c6\u5408\u7684\u590d\u6742\u64cd\u4f5c&#xff0c;\u907f\u514d\u4e86\u7e41\u7410\u7684\u8fed\u4ee3\u548c\u4e34\u65f6\u96c6\u5408\u7ba1\u7406\u3002\u4f8b\u5982&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u8fdb\u884c\u8fc7\u6ee4\u3001\u6c47\u603b\u7edf\u8ba1\u3001\u5206\u7ec4\u5206\u533a\u7b49\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u7f3a\u70b9\u662f\u521d\u5b66\u8005\u9700\u8981\u5b66\u4e60 Lambda \u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u548c\u6d41\u5f0f\u601d\u7ef4&#xff0c;\u4f46\u4e00\u65e6\u638c\u63e1&#xff0c;\u80fd\u7f16\u5199\u51fa\u9ad8\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u7684\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u5904\u7406\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Optional \u7c7b&#xff1a; \u5f15\u5165\u4e86 java.util.Optional&lt;T&gt;&#xff0c;\u7528\u4e8e\u4f18\u96c5\u5730\u8868\u793a\u201c\u53ef\u80fd\u4e3a\u7a7a\u201d\u7684\u503c\u3002Optional \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u8bf8\u5982 isPresent(), ifPresent(), orElse() \u7b49\u65b9\u6cd5&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u66ff\u4ee3\u663e\u5f0f\u7684\u7a7a\u68c0\u67e5&#xff0c;\u51cf\u5c11\u7a7a\u6307\u9488\u5f02\u5e38\u98ce\u9669\u3002\u4f8b\u5982&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">public<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Optional<\/span><span class=\"token generics\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">User<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span> <span class=\"token function\">findUser<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">String<\/span> name<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token class-name\">User<\/span> result <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span> <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u67e5\u627e\u7528\u6237<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">return<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Optional<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">ofNullable<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>result<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u4f7f\u7528Optional\u907f\u514d\u663e\u5f0fnull\u5224\u65ad<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">findUser<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;Alice&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">ifPresent<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>user <span class=\"token operator\">-&gt;<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">System<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>out<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">println<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>user<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">getId<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token class-name\">User<\/span> user <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">findUser<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;Bob&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">orElse<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">new<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">User<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;Bob&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span> <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u672a\u627e\u5230\u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u9ed8\u8ba4User<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f&#xff1a; Optional \u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fd4\u56de\u503c&#xff0c;\u8868\u793a\u201c\u53ef\u80fd\u6ca1\u6709\u7ed3\u679c\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u6bd4\u8fd4\u56de null \u66f4\u5177\u8bed\u4e49&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u8feb\u4f7f\u8c03\u7528\u65b9\u5904\u7406\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u4e0d\u8981\u6ee5\u7528\u5728\u57df\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e0a&#xff0c;Optional\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u8fd4\u56de\u503c&#xff0c;\u800c\u975e\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u6216\u5b57\u6bb5\u7c7b\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u5168\u65b0\u7684\u65e5\u671f\u65f6\u95f4 API&#xff1a; Java 8 \u63a8\u51fa\u4e86 java.time \u5305&#xff08;JSR 310&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e0d\u53d8\u4e14\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u65e5\u671f\u65f6\u95f4\u7c7b&#xff0c;\u5305\u62ec LocalDate, LocalTime, LocalDateTime, ZonedDateTime \u7b49&#xff0c;\u4ee5\u53ca\u7528\u4e8e\u5468\u671f\u548c\u6301\u7eed\u65f6\u95f4\u7684 Period, Duration\u3002\u65b0\u7684 API \u6539\u8fdb\u4e86\u65e7\u7248 java.util.Date \u548c Calendar \u7684\u8bf8\u591a\u95ee\u9898&#xff0c;\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u52a0\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u64cd\u4f5c\u63a5\u53e3\u3002\u4f8b\u5982&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token class-name\">LocalDate<\/span> today <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">LocalDate<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">now<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token class-name\">LocalDate<\/span> birthday <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">LocalDate<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">of<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token number\">1990<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Month<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>APRIL<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">1<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token class-name\">Period<\/span> period <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Period<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">between<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>birthday<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> today<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token class-name\">System<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>out<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">printf<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;\u5e74\u9f84: %d \u5e74 %d \u6708 %d \u65e5%n&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span><br \/>\n                  period<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">getYears<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> period<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">getMonths<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> period<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">getDays<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f&#xff1a; \u65b0\u65e5\u671fAPI\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6e05\u6670\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u64cd\u4f5c\u65e5\u671f\u65f6\u95f4&#xff0c;\u652f\u6301\u65f6\u533a\u3001\u590f\u4ee4\u65f6\u3001\u5b89\u5168\u4e0d\u53d8\u3002\u6b64\u5916\u8fd8\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u548c\u89e3\u6790&#xff08;DateTimeFormatter&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u5927\u5e45\u7b80\u5316\u65e5\u671f\u5904\u7406&#xff0c;\u907f\u514d\u4e86\u65e7 API \u5404\u79cd\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u548c\u7f3a\u9677\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u5e76\u53d1\u589e\u5f3a&#xff08;CompletableFuture \u7b49&#xff09;&#xff1a; Java 8 \u5728\u5e76\u53d1\u5e93\u65b9\u9762\u589e\u52a0\u4e86 CompletableFuture&#xff0c;\u652f\u6301\u4ee5\u94fe\u5f0f\u56de\u8c03\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5904\u7406\u5f02\u6b65\u7ed3\u679c&#xff0c;\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86Promise\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ec4\u5408\u591a\u4e2a\u5f02\u6b65\u8ba1\u7b97\u3001\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4f9d\u8d56\u548c\u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406\u3002\u6b64\u5916&#xff0c;\u65b0\u589e\u7684\u5e76\u53d1\u5de5\u5177\u5305\u62ec\u5e76\u884c\u6570\u7ec4\u6392\u5e8f&#xff08;Arrays.parallelSort&#xff09;\u3001\u5e76\u53d1Accumulator\u3001Adder\u7b49&#xff0c;\u6539\u8fdb\u4e86\u5e76\u884c\u8ba1\u7b97\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u5176\u5b83\u5e38\u7528\u5e93\u6539\u8fdb&#xff1a; \u4f8b\u5982 Map.computeIfAbsent \u7b49\u51fd\u6570\u5f0f\u98ce\u683c\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5&#xff0c;\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u5bf9 Map \u6267\u884c\u6761\u4ef6\u66f4\u65b0&#xff1b;Base64 \u7f16\u7801\u89e3\u7801\u5668&#xff08;java.util.Base64&#xff09;\u4e5f\u5728 Java 8 \u52a0\u5165\u6210\u4e3a\u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>JVM \u4e0e\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u6c38\u4e45\u4ee3\u79fb\u9664&#xff1a; Java 8 \u79fb\u9664\u4e86 HotSpot VM \u7684\u6c38\u4e45\u4ee3&#xff08;PermGen&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u53d6\u800c\u4ee3\u4e4b\u7684\u662f \u5143\u7a7a\u95f4&#xff08;Metaspace&#xff09;\u3002\u5143\u7a7a\u95f4\u5728\u672c\u5730\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u5206\u914d\u4e14\u6309\u9700\u589e\u957f&#xff0c;\u5927\u5e45\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u56e0\u56fa\u5b9a\u6c38\u4e45\u4ee3\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e0d\u8db3\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684 OutOfMemoryError \u60c5\u51b5&#xff0c;\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u3002\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u5728\u5347\u7ea7\u65f6\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u79fb\u9664\u4e86\u6c38\u4e45\u4ee3\u76f8\u5173\u7684 JVM \u53c2\u6570&#xff08;\u5982 -XX:PermSize&#xff09;\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u5783\u573e\u56de\u6536\u4f18\u5316&#xff1a; Java 8 \u4e2d\u867d\u7136\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5783\u573e\u56de\u6536\u5668\u4ecd\u662f Parallel GC&#xff0c;\u4f46\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u6539\u8fdb\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u5f15\u5165\u4e32\u884c\/\u5e76\u884c Full GC \u7b49\u4f18\u5316&#xff1b;\u6b64\u5916\u4e3a G1 \u5783\u573e\u6536\u96c6\u5668&#xff08;\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6027&#xff09;\u6253\u4e0b\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u867d\u7136 G1 \u76f4\u5230 Java 9 \u624d\u6210\u4e3a\u9ed8\u8ba4 GC&#xff0c;\u4f46\u5728 Java 8 \u5df2\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7 -XX:&#043;UseG1GC \u4f7f\u7528&#xff0c;\u5176\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u4f4e\u505c\u987f&#xff0c;\u66f4\u9002\u5408\u5927\u5806\u5185\u5b58\u5e94\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>HashMap \u6027\u80fd\u6539\u8fdb&#xff1a; \u4e3a\u4e86\u5e94\u5bf9\u54c8\u5e0c\u78b0\u649e&#xff0c;Java 8 \u6539\u8fdb\u4e86 HashMap \u548c ConcurrentHashMap \u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u5f53\u6876\u4e2d\u94fe\u8868\u957f\u5ea6\u8d85\u8fc7\u9608\u503c\u65f6&#xff0c;\u5c06\u94fe\u8868\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a \u7ea2\u9ed1\u6811 \u5b58\u50a8&#xff0c;\u4ece\u5e73\u5747 O(n) \u67e5\u627e\u964d\u4e3a O(log n)\u3002\u8fd9\u663e\u8457\u6539\u5584\u4e86\u54c8\u5e0c\u51b2\u7a81\u4e25\u91cd\u65f6\u7684\u6027\u80fd**&#xff08;\u4f18\u70b9&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u4ee3\u4ef7\u662f\u7ed3\u6784\u66f4\u590d\u6742&#xff08;\u53ef\u80fd\u7565\u589e\u63d2\u5165\u5220\u9664\u6210\u672c&#xff09;**\u3002\u4f46\u603b\u4f53\u800c\u8a00&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u8ba9 HashMap \u5728\u6700\u574f\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u6027\u80fd\u66f4\u53ef\u63a7\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u5de5\u5177\u548c\u5176\u4ed6<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>Nashorn JavaScript \u5f15\u64ce&#xff1a; Java 8 \u5185\u7f6e\u4e86\u5168\u65b0\u7684 JavaScript \u5f15\u64ce Nashorn&#xff0c;\u66ff\u4ee3\u4e86\u539f\u6709\u7684 Rhino \u5f15\u64ce\u3002Nashorn \u5229\u7528 InvokeDynamic \u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86 JS \u8fd0\u884c\u6027\u80fd&#xff0c;\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7 jjs \u547d\u4ee4\u8fd0\u884c .js \u811a\u672c&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u80fd\u5728Java\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528 ScriptEngine \u6267\u884cJS\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u5728\u9700\u8981\u5728 JVM \u4e2d\u5d4c\u5165\u811a\u672c\u3001\u5b9e\u73b0\u52a8\u6001\u903b\u8f91\u7684\u573a\u666f\u4e0b&#xff0c;Nashorn \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u548cES5\u517c\u5bb9\u6027\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f Nashorn \u5728\u540e\u7eed Java 15 \u5df2\u88ab\u79fb\u9664&#xff0c;\u5efa\u8bae\u957f\u671f\u65b9\u6848\u8fd8\u662fGraalVM\u591a\u8bed\u8a00\u652f\u6301\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u589e\u5f3a\u7684\u6ce8\u89e3\u5904\u7406\u548c\u53cd\u5c04&#xff1a; Java 8 \u5bf9\u53cd\u5c04\u548c\u6ce8\u89e3\u5904\u7406\u4e5f\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u6539\u8fdb&#xff0c;\u5982\u5f15\u5165 Parameter \u7c7b\u6765\u652f\u6301\u83b7\u53d6\u65b9\u6cd5\u53c2\u6570\u540d&#xff08;\u9700\u52a0 -parameters \u7f16\u8bd1&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u4ee5\u53ca AnnotatedElement \u63a5\u53e3\u65b0\u589e\u65b9\u6cd5\u76f4\u63a5\u83b7\u53d6\u91cd\u590d\u6ce8\u89e3\u7b49\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u589e\u5f3a\u4f7f\u6846\u67b6\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u66f4\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u83b7\u53d6\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u4fe1\u606f&#xff0c;\u6784\u5efa\u66f4\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u6ce8\u89e3\u9a71\u52a8\u903b\u8f91\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u603b\u7ed3&#xff1a; Java 8 \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cc\u7a0b\u7891\u7248\u672c&#xff0c;\u5f15\u5165\u7684 Lambda \u548c Stream \u7b49\u7279\u6027\u4f7fJava\u6b63\u5f0f\u8fdb\u5165\u51fd\u6570\u5f0f\u7f16\u7a0b\u65f6\u4ee3\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4\u65b9\u6cd5\u7b49\u7279\u6027\u6539\u5584\u4e86\u63a5\u53e3\u6f14\u8fdb\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u6838\u5fc3\u5e93\u7684\u52a0\u5f3a\u548c\u5168\u65b0\u65f6\u95f4API\u586b\u8865\u4e86\u591a\u5e74\u75db\u70b9\u3002\u5728\u6027\u80fd\u4e0a&#xff0c;\u6c38\u4e45\u4ee3\u7684\u79fb\u9664\u548c\u96c6\u5408\u4f18\u5316\u63d0\u5347\u4e86\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u3002Java 8 \u7684\u8bf8\u591a\u65b0\u529f\u80fd\u4e3a\u4e4b\u540e\u7684Java\u7248\u672c\u5960\u5b9a\u4e86\u57fa\u7840&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u662f\u76ee\u524d\u8bb8\u591a\u9879\u76ee\u4ecd\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u7248\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>Java 9 \u65b0\u7279\u6027<\/h3>\n<p>\u53d1\u884c\u65f6\u95f4&#xff1a; 2017 \u5e74 9 \u6708<\/p>\n<h4>\u8bed\u8a00\u548c\u8bed\u6cd5\u589e\u5f3a<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u7cfb\u7edf&#xff08;Project Jigsaw&#xff09;&#xff1a; Java 9 \u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u662f\u5f15\u5165\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002JDK \u672c\u8eab\u88ab\u91cd\u7ec4\u4e3a\u7ea6 94 \u4e2a\u6a21\u5757&#xff0c;\u5141\u8bb8\u6309\u9700\u7ec4\u5408\u6240\u9700\u6a21\u5757\u6765\u6784\u5efa\u5b9a\u5236\u7684 Java \u8fd0\u884c\u65f6&#xff08;\u53ef\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0b\u9762\u63d0\u5230\u7684 jlink \u5de5\u5177&#xff09;\u3002\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u521b\u5efa\u6a21\u5757\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26 module-info.java \u5c06\u5e94\u7528\u62c6\u5206\u4e3a\u6a21\u5757\u3002\u6a21\u5757\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u6240\u5305\u542b\u7684\u5305\u4ee5\u53ca\u5bfc\u51fa\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u548c\u6240\u9700\u4f9d\u8d56&#xff0c;\u4f8b\u5982&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ module-info.java \u793a\u4f8b<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">module<\/span> <span class=\"token namespace\">com<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>example<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>app<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">requires<\/span> <span class=\"token namespace\">com<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>example<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>utils<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span>    <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u58f0\u660e\u4f9d\u8d56\u6a21\u5757<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">exports<\/span> <span class=\"token namespace\">com<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>example<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>app<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>api<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span>   <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u5bfc\u51fa\u5305\u4f9b\u5176\u4ed6\u6a21\u5757\u4f7f\u7528<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u6a21\u5757\u7cfb\u7edf\u89e3\u51b3\u4e86 classpath \u4e0b\u5305\u547d\u540d\u51b2\u7a81\u548c\u5c01\u88c5\u4e0d\u4e25\u7684\u95ee\u9898&#xff0c;\u5b9e\u73b0\u5f3a\u5c01\u88c5\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u6a21\u5757\u5bfc\u51fa\u7684\u5305\u624d\u80fd\u88ab\u5916\u90e8\u8bbf\u95ee&#xff0c;\u672a\u5bfc\u51fa\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u5b9e\u73b0\u5305\u5c06\u88ab\u4e25\u683c\u5c01\u88c5\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f&#xff1a; \u5927\u578b\u5e94\u7528\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u6a21\u5757\u5212\u5206\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7ba1\u7406\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb&#xff0c;\u540c\u65f6\u5728\u90e8\u7f72\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528 jlink \u5254\u9664\u65e0\u5173\u6a21\u5757\u51cf\u5c0f\u4f53\u79ef\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u4e5f\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u5b66\u4e60\u66f2\u7ebf&#xff0c;\u4e14\u73b0\u6709\u9879\u76ee\u8fc1\u79fb\u9700\u8981\u8c03\u6574\u8bbf\u95ee\u9650\u5236&#xff08;\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7 &#8211;add-exports \u7b49\u9009\u9879\u505a\u517c\u5bb9&#xff09;\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u63a5\u53e3\u79c1\u6709\u65b9\u6cd5&#xff1a; \u9664\u4e86 Java 8 \u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u9ed8\u8ba4\u65b9\u6cd5\u5916&#xff0c;Java 9 \u652f\u6301\u63a5\u53e3\u5b9a\u4e49 \u79c1\u6709\u65b9\u6cd5 \u6765\u7ed9\u591a\u4e2a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u65b9\u6cd5\u590d\u7528\u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91\u3002\u8fd9\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u63a5\u53e3\u5185\u90e8\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u5c01\u88c5\u6027&#xff0c;\u907f\u514d\u9ed8\u8ba4\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e4b\u95f4\u4ee3\u7801\u91cd\u590d\u3002\u79c1\u6709\u63a5\u53e3\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ea\u80fd\u5728\u63a5\u53e3\u5185\u90e8\u88ab\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6216\u9759\u6001\u65b9\u6cd5\u8c03\u7528&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u4f1a\u66b4\u9732\u7ed9\u5b9e\u73b0\u7c7b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>try-with-resources \u6539\u8fdb&#xff1a; try-with-resources \u8bed\u6cd5\u5728 Java 9 \u66f4\u52a0\u65b9\u4fbf\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u5982\u679c\u5df2\u6709\u5b9e\u73b0 AutoCloseable \u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u5bf9\u8c61(final\u6216 effectively final)&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u5728 try \u8bed\u53e5\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u8be5\u53d8\u91cf&#xff0c;\u800c\u4e0d\u5fc5\u518d\u6b21\u58f0\u660e\u3002\u4f8b\u5982&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ Java 8 \u53ca\u4e4b\u524d\u9700\u8981\u5728 try \u5185\u65b0\u58f0\u660e<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">try<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">BufferedReader<\/span> br <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Files<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">newBufferedReader<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>path<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ Java 9 \u53ef\u4ee5\u5728 try \u4e2d\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528\u5df2\u6709\u7684\u53d8\u91cf br<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token class-name\">BufferedReader<\/span> br <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Files<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">newBufferedReader<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>path<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">try<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>br<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u4f7f\u7528 br \u8bfb\u53d6&#8230;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u81c3\u80bf&#xff0c;\u8ba9\u8bed\u6cd5\u66f4\u7b80\u6d01\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u6838\u5fc3\u5e93\u589e\u5f3a<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u96c6\u5408\u5de5\u5382\u65b9\u6cd5&#xff1a; Java 9 \u4e3a\u96c6\u5408\u63a5\u53e3\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e86\u65b9\u4fbf\u521b\u5efa\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8\u96c6\u5408\u7684\u9759\u6001\u5de5\u5382\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u4f8b\u5982&#xff1a;List.of(1,2,3), Set.of(&#034;a&#034;,&#034;b&#034;), Map.of(&#034;key1&#034;,&#034;val1&#034;,&#034;key2&#034;,&#034;val2&#034;) \u7b49&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u5feb\u6377\u5730\u521b\u5efa\u5305\u542b\u56fa\u5b9a\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u96c6\u5408\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u96c6\u5408\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u4fee\u6539\u7684&#xff08;\u4fee\u6539\u4f1a\u629b\u5f02\u5e38&#xff09;\u3002\u76f8\u6bd4\u624b\u52a8\u521b\u5efa\u96c6\u5408\u7136\u540e Collections.unmodifiableX&#xff0c;\u65b0\u65b9\u6cd5\u66f4\u76f4\u89c2\u9ad8\u6548\u3002\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f&#xff1a; \u7528\u4e8e\u5feb\u901f\u521b\u5efa\u5e38\u91cf\u96c6\u5408\u3001\u7b80\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7528\u4f8b\u6570\u636e\u51c6\u5907\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Stream API \u6539\u8fdb&#xff1a; Java 9 \u4e3a Stream \u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u5b9e\u7528\u7684\u65b0\u65b9\u6cd5&#xff0c;\u5982 takeWhile, dropWhile \u548c ofNullable \u7b49\u3002\u5176\u4e2d takeWhile(predicate) \u4f1a\u4ece Stream \u5f00\u5934\u8d77\u8fde\u7eed\u83b7\u53d6\u6ee1\u8db3\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u5143\u7d20&#xff0c;\u76f4\u5230\u9047\u5230\u4e0d\u6ee1\u8db3\u6761\u4ef6\u8005\u505c\u6b62&#xff1b;dropWhile(predicate) \u5219\u4e22\u5f03\u5f00\u5934\u8fde\u7eed\u6ee1\u8db3\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u8fd8\u6709 Stream.iterate \u652f\u6301\u63d0\u4f9b\u65ad\u8a00\u6765\u7ed3\u675f\u8fed\u4ee3\u3002\u4f8b\u5982&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token class-name\">Stream<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">of<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token number\">1<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span><span class=\"token number\">2<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span><span class=\"token number\">3<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span><span class=\"token number\">4<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span><span class=\"token number\">5<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">takeWhile<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>n <span class=\"token operator\">-&gt;<\/span> n <span class=\"token operator\">&lt;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">4<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span>  <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u5f97\u5230 [1,2,3]<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token class-name\">Stream<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">of<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token number\">1<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span><span class=\"token number\">2<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span><span class=\"token number\">3<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span><span class=\"token number\">4<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span><span class=\"token number\">5<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">dropWhile<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>n <span class=\"token operator\">-&gt;<\/span> n <span class=\"token operator\">&lt;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">4<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span>  <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u5f97\u5230 [4,5]<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token class-name\">Stream<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">iterate<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token number\">1<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> x <span class=\"token operator\">-&gt;<\/span> x<span class=\"token operator\">&#043;<\/span><span class=\"token number\">1<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">takeWhile<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>x <span class=\"token operator\">-&gt;<\/span> x<span class=\"token operator\">&lt;&#061;<\/span><span class=\"token number\">5<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">forEach<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">System<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>out<span class=\"token operator\">::<\/span><span class=\"token function\">println<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u6b64\u5916&#xff0c;Optional \u4e5f\u589e\u52a0\u4e86 ifPresentOrElse, or \u7b49\u65b9\u6cd5&#xff0c;\u63d0\u9ad8 Optional \u7684\u6613\u7528\u6027\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6539\u8fdb\u8ba9\u6d41\u64cd\u4f5c\u548c Optional \u66f4\u52a0\u5b8c\u5907&#xff0c;\u51cf\u5c11\u624b\u52a8\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u8fdb\u7a0b API&#xff1a; \u65b0\u589e ProcessHandle \u63a5\u53e3&#xff0c;\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u73b0\u4ee3\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ba1\u7406 API\u3002\u901a\u8fc7 ProcessHandle.current() \u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4fe1\u606f&#xff0c;\u5305\u62ec PID \u7b49&#xff1b;\u8fd8\u80fd\u5217\u51fa\u73b0\u6709\u8fdb\u7a0b&#xff0c;\u89c2\u5bdf\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6811\u5173\u7cfb&#xff0c;\u8bbe\u7f6e\u76d1\u542c\u7b49\u3002\u76f8\u6bd4\u4ee5\u524d\u53ea\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7 Runtime.getRuntime().exec() \u542f\u52a8\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3001\u57fa\u672c\u65e0\u53cd\u9988&#xff0c;\u65b0\u7684 API \u4e30\u5bcc\u4e86\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4ea4\u4e92\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u4f8b\u5982&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token class-name\">ProcessHandle<\/span> self <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ProcessHandle<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">current<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">long<\/span> pid <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> self<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">pid<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\nself<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">info<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">command<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">ifPresent<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>cmd <span class=\"token operator\">-&gt;<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">System<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>out<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">println<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;\u547d\u4ee4: &#034;<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&#043;<\/span> cmd<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u5728\u9700\u8981\u76d1\u63a7\u6216\u7ba1\u7406\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528&#xff0c;\u5982\u5b9e\u73b0\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5b88\u62a4\u3001\u83b7\u53d6\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u9000\u51fa\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u54cd\u5e94\u5f0f\u6d41&#xff08;Reactive Streams&#xff09;&#xff1a; Java 9 \u5728 java.util.concurrent \u4e0b\u5f15\u5165\u4e86 \u53d1\u5e03-\u8ba2\u9605\u6846\u67b6&#xff1a;Flow API&#xff0c;\u5305\u62ec Flow.Publisher, Subscriber, Subscription, Processor \u56db\u4e2a\u63a5\u53e3\u3002\u8fd9\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u4e0e Reactive Streams \u6807\u51c6\u517c\u5bb9&#xff0c;\u4e3a\u53cd\u5e94\u5f0f\u7f16\u7a0b\u63d0\u4f9b\u80cc\u538b&#xff08;backpressure&#xff09;\u652f\u6301\u3002\u867d\u7136Java 9\u6ca1\u6709\u63d0\u4f9b\u5177\u4f53\u5b9e\u73b0&#xff0c;\u4f46\u50cf RxJava\u3001Akka Streams \u7b49\u5e93\u53ef\u76f4\u63a5\u4e0e\u8fd9\u5957\u63a5\u53e3\u96c6\u6210\u3002\u5e94\u7528\u5728\u9700\u8981\u5f02\u6b65\u6570\u636e\u6d41\u4e14\u8981\u8003\u8651\u6d88\u8d39\u901f\u7387\u7684\u573a\u666f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>HTTP\/2 \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef&#xff08;\u5b75\u5316&#xff09;&#xff1a; Java 9 \u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684 HTTP \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef API \u7684\u5b75\u5316\u7248\u672c&#xff08;\u4f4d\u4e8e jdk.incubator.httpclient \u6a21\u5757&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u652f\u6301 HTTP\/2 \u548c WebSocket\u3002\u867d\u7136\u540e\u6765\u5728 Java 11 \u624d\u6b63\u5f0f\u6210\u4e3a\u6807\u51c6 API&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u91cc\u503c\u5f97\u4e00\u63d0\u3002\u8fd9\u65b0\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u652f\u6301\u5f02\u6b65\u975e\u963b\u585e\u8c03\u7528&#xff0c;\u6bd4\u65e7\u7684 HttpURLConnection \u66f4\u6613\u7528\u3001\u6027\u80fd\u66f4\u4f73\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>JVM \u548c\u6027\u80fd<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>G1 \u6210\u4e3a\u9ed8\u8ba4 GC&#xff1a; Java 9 \u5c06 G1 \u5783\u573e\u6536\u96c6\u5668 \u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5783\u573e\u56de\u6536\u5668&#xff0c;\u53d6\u4ee3\u4e86\u4e4b\u524d\u7684 Parallel Scavenge\/Parallel Old \u7ec4\u5408\u3002G1&#xff08;Garbage First&#xff09;\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u4f4e\u6682\u505c\u6536\u96c6\u5668&#xff0c;\u64c5\u957f\u5904\u7406\u5927\u5806\u5185\u5b58&#xff0c;\u5c3d\u91cf\u907f\u514d\u4e86\u5168\u5806\u7684\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u505c\u987f\u3002\u5728 Java 9 \u4e2d&#xff0c;G1 \u7684 Full GC \u4ecd\u662f\u5355\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684&#xff0c;\u56e0\u6b64\u6781\u7aef\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u53ef\u80fd\u51fa\u73b0\u957f\u6682\u505c\u3002\u5bf9\u6b64\u5728 Java 10 \u53c8\u505a\u4e86\u5e76\u884c\u5316\u6539\u8fdb\u3002\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f&#xff1a; \u5bf9\u5ef6\u8fdf\u654f\u611f\u7684\u670d\u52a1&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ece\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4f7f\u7528G1\u4e2d\u83b7\u76ca&#xff08;\u524d\u63d0\u662f\u4ed4\u7ec6\u8c03\u4f18\u4ee5\u9002\u5e94\u5e94\u7528\u8d1f\u8f7d&#xff09;\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5b58\u50a8\u4f18\u5316&#xff1a; Java 9 \u5f15\u5165\u4e86 Compact Strings&#xff0c;\u5373\u5728\u5185\u90e8\u7528 byte \u6570\u7ec4\u5b58\u50a8\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5b57\u7b26&#xff08;Latin-1 \u548c UTF-16 \u52a8\u6001\u9009\u62e9&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u800c\u4e0d\u518d\u603b\u662f\u7528 char \u6570\u7ec4\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u53ea\u5305\u542bASCII\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32&#xff0c;\u53ef\u8282\u7701\u4e00\u534a\u5185\u5b58\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6539\u52a8\u5bf9\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u900f\u660e&#xff0c;\u4f46\u5728\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5904\u7406\u5bc6\u96c6\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86\u5185\u5b58\u5360\u7528&#xff0c;\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86CPU\u7f13\u5b58\u5229\u7528\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>AOT \u7f16\u8bd1&#xff08;\u5b9e\u9a8c&#xff09;&#xff1a; \u65b0\u589e\u4e86 jaotc \u5de5\u5177&#xff0c;\u5141\u8bb8\u5c06 Java \u7c7b\u63d0\u524d\u7f16\u8bd1\u4e3a\u672c\u5730\u4ee3\u7801&#xff08;Ahead-Of-Time&#xff09;\u3002AOT \u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u57fa\u4e8e Graal&#xff0c;\u53ef\u751f\u6210\u672c\u5730\u5e93&#xff0c;\u5728\u5e94\u7528\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\u52a0\u8f7d&#xff0c;\u4ece\u800c\u52a0\u5feb\u542f\u52a8\u901f\u5ea6\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\u8fd9\u662f\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6027\u529f\u80fd&#xff0c;\u5b9e\u9645\u4f7f\u7528\u8f83\u5c11&#xff0c;\u5728\u540e\u7eed\u7248\u672c\u4e2d\u4e5f\u88ab\u79fb\u9664\u3002\u573a\u666f&#xff1a;\u9700\u8981\u6781\u81f4\u4f18\u5316\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u573a\u5408\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a2\u7d22&#xff0c;\u4f46\u4e00\u822c\u800c\u8a00JIT\u5df2\u7ecf\u8db3\u591f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>VarHandle \u548c\u5185\u5b58\u6805\u680f&#xff1a; Java 9 \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86 java.lang.invoke.VarHandle \u7c7b&#xff0c;\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5bf9 sun.misc.Unsafe \u7684\u66f4\u5b89\u5168\u66ff\u4ee3\u3002VarHandle \u53ef\u4ee5\u89c6\u4f5c\u7279\u5b9a\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u5f15\u7528&#xff0c;\u652f\u6301\u539f\u5b50\u64cd\u4f5c\u548c\u5185\u5b58\u53ef\u89c1\u6027\u63a7\u5236&#xff0c;\u6bd4\u5982\u8bfb\u53d6\u5199\u5165\u5185\u5b58\u6805\u680f&#xff08;\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e C&#043;&#043; \u4e2d\u7684 std::atomic&#xff09;\u3002\u8fd9\u4e3a\u5f00\u53d1\u5e76\u53d1\u6846\u67b6\u3001\u5b9e\u73b0\u9501\u81ea\u7531\u7b97\u6cd5\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u591a\u7248\u672c JAR&#xff1a; \u652f\u6301 \u591a\u7248\u672c JAR \u6587\u4ef6&#xff0c;\u5373\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a JAR \u4e2d\u6839\u636e\u4e0d\u540cJava\u7248\u672c\u5305\u542b\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7c7b\u5b9e\u73b0&#xff08;\u901a\u8fc7 META-INF\/versions \u76ee\u5f55&#xff09;\u3002\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u5c06\u9009\u62e9\u5339\u914d\u5f53\u524dJVM\u7248\u672c\u7684\u7c7b&#xff0c;\u5b9e\u73b0\u5e93\u5bf9\u65b0\u65e7\u7248\u672c\u7684\u517c\u5bb9\u53d1\u5e03\u3002\u4f8b\u5982&#xff0c;\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728 JAR \u4e2d\u540c\u65f6\u5305\u542b Java 8 \u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u548c\u5229\u7528Java 9\u7279\u6027\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5e93\u53ef\u4ee5\u6e10\u8fdb\u5730\u5229\u7528\u65b0\u7279\u6027&#xff0c;\u540c\u65f6\u4e0d\u5931\u5bf9\u65e7\u7248\u672c\u7684\u652f\u6301\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u5de5\u5177\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>JShell&#xff1a; Java 9 \u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u5b98\u65b9\u7684\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f0f REPL \u5de5\u5177 JShell\u3002\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e0d\u521b\u5efa\u7c7b\u548c main \u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b&#xff0c;\u76f4\u63a5\u8f93\u5165Java\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u6216\u8bed\u53e5&#xff0c;\u5373\u65f6\u67e5\u770b\u6267\u884c\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u4f8b\u5982&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>jshell&gt; int x &#061; 5 * 20<br \/>\nx &#061;&#061;&gt; 100<\/p>\n<p>jshell&gt; &#034;hello, &#034; &#043; &#034;jshell&#034;<br \/>\n$2 &#061;&#061;&gt; &#034;hello, jshell&#034;<\/p>\n<p>JShell \u6781\u5927\u5730\u65b9\u4fbf\u4e86\u8bd5\u9a8c\u6027\u7f16\u7a0b\u548c\u5b66\u4e60\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u5b83\u5feb\u901f\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4e00\u6bb5\u903b\u8f91\u3001\u63a2\u7d22API\u7528\u6cd5\u7b49&#xff0c;\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86\u5199\u4e00\u4e2aHello World\u7684\u95e8\u69db\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6559\u5b66\u3001\u539f\u578b\u5f00\u53d1\u975e\u5e38\u5b9e\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>jlink&#xff1a; Java 9 \u5f15\u5165\u4e86 jlink \u5de5\u5177&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u6a21\u5757\u4f9d\u8d56\u521b\u5efa\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u7cbe\u7b80\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u955c\u50cf\u3002\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u6307\u5b9a\u5e94\u7528\u6a21\u5757\u540e&#xff0c;jlink \u4f1a\u6253\u5305\u53ea\u5305\u542b\u6240\u9700\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u5316 JRE\u3002\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4e8e\u53d1\u5e03\u81ea\u5305\u542b\u7684Java\u5e94\u7528\u5f88\u6709\u5e2e\u52a9&#xff0c;\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728\u5bb9\u5668\u3001\u7269\u8054\u7f51\u8bbe\u5907\u4e0a&#xff0c;\u53ef\u51cf\u5c11\u4f53\u79ef\u5e76\u907f\u514d\u76ee\u6807\u73af\u5883\u9700\u8981\u9884\u88c5\u5b8c\u6574JDK\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>JUnit 5 \u7b49\u751f\u6001\u5347\u7ea7&#xff1a; \u968f\u7740Java 9\u53d1\u5e03&#xff0c;\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6846\u67b6JUnit \u4e5f\u5347\u7ea7\u52305&#xff0c;\u652f\u6301Java 8&#043;\u7279\u6027\u5982Lambda\u65ad\u8a00\u7b49\u3002\u8fd9\u867d\u4e0d\u662fJDK\u81ea\u5e26&#xff0c;\u4f46\u4e0e\u8bed\u8a00\u65b0\u7279\u6027\u914d\u5957\u51fa\u73b0&#xff0c;\u6807\u5fd7\u7740Java\u751f\u6001\u6b63\u62e5\u62b1\u65b0\u7248\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u603b\u7ed3&#xff1a; Java 9 \u901a\u8fc7\u6a21\u5757\u7cfb\u7edf\u5bf9Java\u5e73\u53f0\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u7ed3\u6784\u6027\u9769\u65b0\u3002\u867d\u7136\u793e\u533a\u5bf9\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u8912\u8d2c\u4e0d\u4e00&#xff0c;\u4f46\u4e0d\u53ef\u5426\u8ba4\u5b83\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u4ee3\u7801\u5c01\u88c5\u548c\u5b9a\u5236\u90e8\u7f72\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u9664\u6b64\u4e4b\u5916&#xff0c;Java 9 \u5728\u8bed\u6cd5\u4e0a\u5c0f\u5e45\u6539\u8fdb&#xff08;\u79c1\u6709\u63a5\u53e3\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u94bb\u77f3\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u652f\u6301\u533f\u540d\u7c7b\u7b49\u672a\u63d0\u53ca\u7ec6\u8282&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u5728API\u548c\u5de5\u5177\u4e0a\u4e3a\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u4fbf\u6377&#xff0c;\u5982JShell\u3001\u96c6\u5408\u5de5\u5382\u7b49\u3002\u5b83\u4e3a\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u7248\u672c\u94fa\u5e73\u4e86\u9053\u8def&#xff0c;\u6807\u5fd7\u7740Java\u8fdb\u5165\u4e86\u5feb\u901f\u53d1\u5e03\u7684\u65b0\u65f6\u4ee3\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>Java 10 \u65b0\u7279\u6027<\/h3>\n<p>\u53d1\u884c\u65f6\u95f4&#xff1a; 2018 \u5e74 3 \u6708<\/p>\n<h4>\u8bed\u8a00\u7279\u6027<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf\u7c7b\u578b\u63a8\u65ad&#xff08;var&#xff09;&#xff1a; Java 10 \u6700\u5f15\u4eba\u6ce8\u76ee\u7684\u7279\u6027\u662f\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u5173\u952e\u5b57 var&#xff0c;\u7528\u4e8e\u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf\u7c7b\u578b\u63a8\u65ad\u3002\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u5728\u5b9a\u4e49\u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf\u65f6&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528 var \u4ee3\u66ff\u5177\u4f53\u7c7b\u578b&#xff0c;\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u4f1a\u6839\u636e\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u81ea\u52a8\u63a8\u65ad\u7c7b\u578b&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">var<\/span> list <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ArrayList<\/span><span class=\"token generics\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">String<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">var<\/span> sum <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">0<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">for<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">var<\/span> item <span class=\"token operator\">:<\/span> list<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u5728\u5faa\u73af\u4e2d&#xff0c;item \u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u4e5f\u4f1a\u88ab\u63a8\u65ad<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u4f1a\u63a8\u65ad\u51fa list \u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u4e3a ArrayList&lt;String&gt;&#xff0c;sum \u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u4e3a int\u3002\u6ce8\u610f&#xff1a; var \u4e0d\u662f\u52a8\u6001\u7c7b\u578b\u6216\u5f31\u7c7b\u578b&#xff0c;Java \u7c7b\u578b\u7cfb\u7edf\u4ecd\u662f\u9759\u6001\u7684&#xff0c;\u53ea\u662f\u8ba9\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u66ff\u6211\u4eec\u586b\u5199\u7c7b\u578b\u3002\u56e0\u6b64&#xff0c;var \u53ea\u80fd\u7528\u4e8e\u6709\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u7684\u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf\u3001for\u5faa\u73af\u7d22\u5f15\u7b49&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u6210\u5458\u53d8\u91cf\u3001\u65b9\u6cd5\u53c2\u6570&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u4e0d\u53ef\u5c06 null \u8d4b\u7ed9 var&#xff08;\u65e0\u6cd5\u63a8\u65ad\u7c7b\u578b&#xff09;\u3002\u53e6\u5916&#xff0c;\u4f7f\u7528 var \u53ef\u80fd\u964d\u4f4e\u4ee3\u7801\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027&#xff0c;\u5e94\u8be5\u5728\u7c7b\u578b\u660e\u663e\u6216\u5197\u957f\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u4f7f\u7528&#xff0c;\u5982\u590d\u6742\u6cdb\u578b\u7c7b\u578b\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7b80\u5355\u53d8\u91cf&#xff0c;\u76f4\u63a5\u5199\u51fa\u7c7b\u578b\u53ef\u80fd\u66f4\u6e05\u6670\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f&#xff1a; var \u53ef\u51cf\u5c11\u6837\u677f\u4ee3\u7801&#xff0c;\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5f53\u7c7b\u578b\u672c\u8eab\u5197\u957f&#xff08;\u5982\u6cdb\u578b\u5d4c\u5957&#xff09;\u65f6\u3002\u4f8b\u5982&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token class-name\">Map<\/span><span class=\"token generics\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">String<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">List<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">Integer<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span> data <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">HashMap<\/span><span class=\"token generics\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u4f7f\u7528 var \u63a8\u65ad\u7c7b\u578b<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">var<\/span> dataMap <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">HashMap<\/span><span class=\"token generics\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">String<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">List<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">Integer<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u8ba9Java\u5177\u6709\u4e86\u811a\u672c\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u7b80\u6d01\u6027&#xff0c;\u4f46\u4f9d\u7136\u4fdd\u7559\u4e86\u9759\u6001\u7c7b\u578b\u68c0\u67e5\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u6838\u5fc3\u5e93\u589e\u5f3a<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8\u96c6\u5408\u62f7\u8d1d&#xff1a; \u5728 Java 9 \u63d0\u4f9b\u96c6\u5408\u5de5\u5382\u65b9\u6cd5\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a&#xff0c;Java 10 \u4e3a\u96c6\u5408\u589e\u52a0\u4e86 List.copyOf, Set.copyOf, Map.copyOf \u9759\u6001\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de\u4f20\u5165\u96c6\u5408\u7684\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8\u62f7\u8d1d\u3002\u4f8b\u5982&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token class-name\">List<\/span><span class=\"token generics\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">String<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span> src <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ArrayList<\/span><span class=\"token generics\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">List<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">of<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;a&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;b&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token class-name\">List<\/span><span class=\"token generics\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">String<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span> copy <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">List<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">copyOf<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>src<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\nsrc<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">add<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;c&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token class-name\">System<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>out<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">println<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>copy<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span> <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u8f93\u51fa [a, b]&#xff0c;copy \u4e0d\u53d7\u539f\u5217\u8868\u4fee\u6539\u5f71\u54cd<\/span><br \/>\ncopy<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">add<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;d&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span> <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ UnsupportedOperationException&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u53ef\u4fee\u6539<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f&#xff1a; \u5f53\u9700\u8981\u786e\u4fdd\u96c6\u5408\u4e0d\u88ab\u4fee\u6539\u65f6&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u83b7\u53d6\u5176\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8\u7248\u672c&#xff0c;\u5c24\u5176\u5728\u65b9\u6cd5\u53c2\u6570\u548c\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u4e2d\u4f20\u9012\u96c6\u5408\u65f6&#xff0c;\u4f7f\u7528 copyOf \u80fd\u9632\u6b62\u610f\u5916\u4fee\u6539\u6e90\u96c6\u5408\u3002\u53e6\u5916&#xff0c;Collectors \u589e\u52a0\u4e86 Collectors.toUnmodifiableList() \u7b49\u65b9\u6cd5&#xff0c;\u76f4\u63a5\u6536\u96c6 Stream \u5143\u7d20\u4e3a\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8\u96c6\u5408\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Optional \u589e\u5f3a&#xff1a; Java 10 \u4e3a Optional \u65b0\u589e\u4e86 orElseThrow() \u65b9\u6cd5&#xff0c;\u5b83\u7b49\u4ef7\u4e8e .orElseThrow(NoSuchElementException::new)\u3002\u867d\u7136\u529f\u80fd\u4e0e get() \u76f8\u4f3c&#xff0c;\u4f46\u547d\u540d\u66f4\u660e\u786e&#xff0c;\u8bed\u4e49\u66f4\u6e05\u6670&#xff08;get() \u5728Optional\u8bed\u5883\u4e0b\u4e0d\u76f4\u89c2&#xff09;\u3002\u6b64\u5916\u8fd8\u5f15\u5165\u4e86 Optional.or(() -&gt; alternativeOptional) \u6765\u5728\u5f53\u524dOptional\u4e3a\u7a7a\u65f6\u63d0\u4f9b\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2aOptional\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u8ba9Optional\u7684\u94fe\u5f0f\u64cd\u4f5c\u66f4\u4e30\u5bcc&#xff0c;\u4f7f\u7528\u66f4\u52a0\u6d41\u7545\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u5e76\u884c\u5783\u573e\u56de\u6536\u5668\u63a5\u53e3&#xff1a; \u5f15\u5165 java.lang.ref.Cleaner \u63d0\u4f9b\u66ff\u4ee3 finalize() \u7684\u6e05\u7406\u673a\u5236\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u4e0d\u76f4\u63a5\u5c5e\u4e8e\u6838\u5fc3\u201c\u5e93\u201d&#xff0c;\u4f46Java 10\u91cd\u65b0\u6574\u7406\u4e86\u5783\u573e\u6536\u96c6\u5668\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u63a5\u53e3&#xff0c;\u5c06\u4e0d\u540c GC \u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u5171\u6027\u63d0\u53d6\u51fa\u6765\u3002\u8fd9\u5bf9\u6700\u7ec8\u7528\u6237\u6ca1\u6709\u76f4\u63a5\u5f71\u54cd&#xff0c;\u4f46\u4f7f\u5f97 HotSpot \u66f4\u6613\u4e8e\u6dfb\u52a0\u65b0GC\u3002\u8fd9\u4f53\u73b0\u4e86JDK\u5185\u90e8\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u6f14\u8fdb\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u6027\u80fd\u548c JVM \u6539\u8fdb<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>G1 \u5e76\u884c Full GC&#xff1a; \u867d\u7136 G1 \u5728 Java 9 \u6210\u4e3a\u9ed8\u8ba4 GC&#xff0c;\u4f46\u5b83\u7684 Full GC \u4ecd\u662f\u5355\u7ebf\u7a0b\u3002Java 10 \u901a\u8fc7 JEP 307 \u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86 G1 Full GC \u5e76\u884c\u5316\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u5f53 G1 \u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u89e6\u53d1 Full GC \u65f6&#xff0c;\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5e76\u884c\u6807\u8bb0\u6e05\u9664&#xff0c;\u51cf\u5c11\u505c\u987f\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u8fd9\u63d0\u5347\u4e86 G1 \u5728\u9ad8\u5185\u5b58\u5360\u7528\u4e0b\u7684\u6700\u574f\u60c5\u51b5\u8868\u73b0&#xff0c;\u4f7f\u5176\u66f4\u63a5\u8fd1\u9884\u671f\u7684\u4f4e\u5ef6\u8fdf\u76ee\u6807**&#xff08;\u4f18\u70b9&#xff09;**\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5185\u5b58\u975e\u5e38\u7d27\u5f20\u3001\u53ef\u80fd\u89e6\u53d1Full GC\u7684\u573a\u666f&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u4e00\u6539\u8fdb\u80fd\u663e\u8457\u964d\u4f4e\u505c\u987f\u65f6\u957f\u3002\u5f53\u7136&#xff0c;\u5728\u6b63\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b&#xff0c;G1 \u4ecd\u4f1a\u52aa\u529b\u907f\u514d Full GC \u7684\u53d1\u751f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u5e94\u7528\u7c7b\u6570\u636e\u5171\u4eab&#xff08;AppCDS&#xff09;&#xff1a; \u7c7b\u6570\u636e\u5171\u4eab&#xff08;CDS&#xff09;\u529f\u80fd\u65e9\u5728 JDK 5 \u5c31\u5b58\u5728&#xff0c;\u7528\u4e8e\u5c06JDK\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u7c7b\u9884\u52a0\u8f7d\u5230\u5171\u4eab\u5f52\u6863&#xff0c;\u4ece\u800c\u52a0\u5feb\u542f\u52a8\u5e76\u51cf\u5c11\u5185\u5b58\u5360\u7528\u3002Java 10 \u901a\u8fc7 JEP 310 \u5c06 CDS \u6269\u5c55\u5230\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u9762&#xff0c;\u5141\u8bb8\u5e94\u7528\u7c7b\u4e5f\u52a0\u5165\u5171\u4eab\u5f52\u6863\u3002\u539f\u7406\u662f\u5148\u5728\u4e00\u6b21\u8fd0\u884c\u4e2d\u8bb0\u5f55\u6240\u52a0\u8f7d\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7c7b\u5217\u8868&#xff0c;\u751f\u6210\u5f52\u6863\u6587\u4ef6&#xff1b;\u4e0b\u6b21\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\u76f4\u63a5\u6620\u5c04\u6b64\u5f52\u6863&#xff0c;\u52a0\u901f\u7c7b\u52a0\u8f7d\u5e76\u51cf\u5c11\u91cd\u590d\u5360\u7528\u7684\u5143\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f&#xff1a; \u5bf9\u4e8e\u591a\u5b9e\u4f8b\u90e8\u7f72\u7684\u76f8\u540c\u5e94\u7528&#xff0c;\u4f7f\u7528 AppCDS \u53ef\u51cf\u5c11\u6574\u4f53\u5185\u5b58\u5360\u7528&#xff1b;\u5bf9\u5355\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5e94\u7528\u4e5f\u80fd\u7565\u5fae\u63d0\u5347\u542f\u52a8\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\u914d\u7f6e\u4e0a\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u590d\u6742\u5ea6&#xff08;\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u6b21\u8bd5\u8fd0\u884c\u751f\u6210\u5217\u8868&#xff09;&#xff0c;Java 13 \u53c8\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u52a8\u6001CDS\u5f52\u6863\u4ee5\u7b80\u5316\u6d41\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5c40\u90e8\u63e1\u624b&#xff08;Thread Local Handshake&#xff09;&#xff1a; Java 10 \u6539\u8fdb\u4e86 JVM \u505c\u6b62\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6267\u884c\u7684\u673a\u5236\u3002\u4ee5\u524d Stop-The-World \u64cd\u4f5c\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u5168\u5c40\u5b89\u5168\u70b9&#xff0c;\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u65f6\u523b\u6302\u8d77\u6240\u6709\u7ebf\u7a0b\u3002\u5f15\u5165\u7ebf\u7a0b\u672c\u5730\u63e1\u624b\u540e&#xff0c;JVM \u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e0d\u505c\u6b62\u5168\u90e8\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b&#xff0c;\u5bf9\u5355\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6267\u884c\u5c0f\u4efb\u52a1\u6216\u68c0\u67e5\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u53ef\u4ee5\u6302\u8d77\u5355\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4ee5\u56de\u6536\u5b83\u7684\u6808&#xff0c;\u5176\u4ed6\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e0d\u53d7\u5f71\u54cd**&#xff08;\u4f18\u70b9&#xff09;**\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u7279\u6027\u63d0\u5347\u4e86\u8c03\u4f18GC\u548c\u5176\u4ed6VM\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u7075\u6d3b\u6027&#xff0c;\u662f JVM \u5185\u90e8\u4f18\u5316&#xff0c;\u4f46\u6700\u7ec8\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u964d\u4f4e\u505c\u987f\u3001\u63d0\u5347\u5e76\u53d1\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u5907\u7528\u5185\u5b58\u8bbe\u5907\u4e0a\u7684\u5806&#xff1a; \u5141\u8bb8 JVM \u5c06 Java \u5806\u5206\u914d\u5728\u975e\u4e3b\u5185\u5b58\u8bbe\u5907\u4e0a&#xff08;\u5982NVDIMM\u6301\u4e45\u5185\u5b58&#xff09;\u3002\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4f7f\u7528\u7279\u6b8a\u786c\u4ef6&#xff08;\u6bd4\u5982\u5927\u5bb9\u91cf\u7684\u6301\u4e45\u5185\u5b58&#xff09;\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u6709\u610f\u4e49&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u6269\u5927\u6709\u6548\u5806\u5bb9\u91cf\u6216\u6301\u4e45\u5316\u5806\u6570\u636e\u3002\u8fd9\u5c5e\u4e8e\u975e\u5e38\u4e13\u4e1a\u7684\u4f18\u5316\u7279\u6027&#xff0c;\u666e\u901a\u573a\u666f\u7528\u4e0d\u5230&#xff0c;\u4f46\u4f53\u73b0\u4e86Java\u5bf9\u65b0\u786c\u4ef6\u6280\u672f\u7684\u652f\u6301\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u5de5\u5177\u548c\u5e73\u53f0<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6027 Java JIT \u7f16\u8bd1\u5668 &#8211; Graal&#xff1a; Java 10 \u5c06\u57fa\u4e8eJava\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684 JIT \u7f16\u8bd1\u5668 Graal \u5f15\u5165\u4e3a\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6027\u9009\u9879\u3002\u542f\u7528\u53c2\u6570\u4e3a -XX:&#043;UnlockExperimentalVMOptions -XX:&#043;UseJVMCICompiler&#xff0c;\u4ec5\u9650Linux\/macOS\u768464\u4f4d\u73af\u5883\u3002Graal \u81f4\u529b\u4e8e\u66f4\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7684\u4f18\u5316\u548c\u591a\u8bed\u8a00\u652f\u6301&#xff0c;\u662f\u540e\u7eedGra\u0430lVM\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4ecd\u662fC2\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668&#xff0c;\u4f46\u5c1d\u8bd5\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528Graal\u770b\u770b\u662f\u5426\u5e26\u6765\u6027\u80fd\u6539\u8fdb\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u7279\u6027\u8868\u660e\u4e86JIT\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528Java\u81ea\u8eab\u6765\u7f16\u5199&#xff0c;\u5229\u4e8e\u672a\u6765\u7684\u7ef4\u62a4\u548c\u6f14\u8fdb\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u6839\u8bc1\u4e66\u5f00\u6e90&#xff1a; Oracle \u5c06 JDK \u5185\u7f6e\u7684 root CA \u8bc1\u4e66\u5e93\u5f00\u6e90&#xff0c;\u66ff\u4ee3\u4ee5\u524dOracle JDK\u4e0eOpenJDK\u5dee\u5f02\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740OpenJDK\u81ea\u5e26\u4e86\u53ef\u4fe1\u8bc1\u4e66\u5e93&#xff0c;\u4f7fHTTPS\u901a\u4fe1\u5f00\u7bb1\u5373\u7528&#xff08;\u4ee5\u524dOpenJDK\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7f3a\u5c11\u5f88\u591a\u53ef\u4fe1\u8bc1\u4e66&#xff09;\u3002\u8fd9\u5bf9\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u662f\u65e0\u611f\u77e5\u7684\u6539\u8fdb&#xff0c;\u4f46\u5bf9\u4e8eOpenJDK\u91c7\u7528\u8005\u662f\u798f\u97f3\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u603b\u7ed3&#xff1a; \u867d\u7136 Java 10 \u5c5e\u4e8e\u975e LTS \u7684\u77ed\u671f\u7248\u672c&#xff0c;\u4f46\u5f15\u5165\u7684 var \u5173\u952e\u5b57\u6781\u5927\u5730\u7b80\u5316\u4e86\u65e5\u5e38\u7f16\u7801\u3002\u96c6\u5408\u3001Optional\u7684\u5c0f\u6539\u8fdb\u4e5f\u589e\u5f3a\u4e86\u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u7684\u4fbf\u5229\u6027\u3002\u5728\u6027\u80fd\u65b9\u9762&#xff0c;G1 \u5e76\u884cFull GC\u3001AppCDS \u90fd\u662f\u504f\u5e95\u5c42\u5374\u610f\u4e49\u91cd\u5927\u7684\u4f18\u5316&#xff0c;\u8ba9Java\u5728\u5927\u5185\u5b58\u548c\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u90e8\u7f72\u573a\u666f\u4e0b\u8868\u73b0\u66f4\u597d\u3002Java 10 \u8fd8\u9884\u793a\u4e86\u672a\u6765\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u65b9\u5411&#xff0c;\u5982Graal\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u7684\u5f15\u5165\u4e3a\u540e\u7eed\u591a\u8bed\u8a00\u652f\u6301\u94fa\u8def\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u627f\u4e0a\u542f\u4e0b\u7684\u7248\u672c&#xff0c;Java 10 \u4e3a\u540e\u6765Java 11\u7684\u91cd\u5927\u53d8\u5316\u505a\u597d\u4e86\u51c6\u5907\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>Java 11 \u65b0\u7279\u6027<\/h3>\n<p>\u53d1\u884c\u65f6\u95f4&#xff1a; 2018 \u5e74 9 \u6708 25 \u65e5 &#xff08;LTS\u957f\u671f\u652f\u6301\u7248&#xff09;<\/p>\n<h4>\u8bed\u8a00\u7279\u6027<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>Lambda \u53c2\u6570\u7684\u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf\u8bed\u6cd5&#xff1a; Java 11 \u5141\u8bb8\u5728 Lambda \u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf\u8bed\u6cd5&#xff0c;\u5373\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528 var \u6765\u58f0\u660e\u53c2\u6570\u7c7b\u578b\u3002\u4f8b\u5982&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token class-name\">Comparator<\/span><span class=\"token generics\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">String<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span> cmp <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">var<\/span> a<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">var<\/span> b<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">-&gt;<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Integer<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">compare<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>a<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">length<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> b<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">length<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u5bf9Lambda\u672c\u8eab\u529f\u80fd\u6ca1\u6709\u53d8\u5316&#xff0c;\u4f46\u5141\u8bb8\u6211\u4eec\u6dfb\u52a0\u53c2\u6570\u6ce8\u89e3\u65f6\u66f4\u65b9\u4fbf&#xff08;\u56e0\u4e3a\u53ea\u80fd\u7528\u663e\u5f0f\u7c7b\u578b\u624d\u80fd\u52a0\u6ce8\u89e3&#xff09;\u3002\u603b\u4f53\u6765\u8bf4&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u4e00\u7279\u6027\u7528\u9014\u6709\u9650&#xff0c;\u4ec5\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u89e3lambda\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u573a\u666f\u4e0b\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u8bed\u6cd5\u4fbf\u5229\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u76f4\u63a5\u542f\u52a8\u5355\u6587\u4ef6\u7a0b\u5e8f&#xff1a; Java 11 \u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd0\u884c\u5355\u4e2aJava\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6&#xff0c;\u547d\u4ee4\u5982&#xff1a;java Hello.java\u3002Java\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u4f1a\u9690\u5f0f\u5730\u5148\u7f16\u8bd1\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6\u518d\u6267\u884c\u3002\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u811a\u672c\u5316\u4f7f\u7528Java\u6210\u4e3a\u53ef\u80fd&#xff0c;\u65b9\u4fbf\u7f16\u5199\u4e34\u65f6\u7684\u5c0f\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6216\u6559\u5b66\u6f14\u793a\u3002\u4f8b\u5982&#xff0c;\u65b0\u624b\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u5199 System.out.println(&#034;Hello&#034;); \u4fdd\u5b58\u4e3a Hello.java&#xff0c;\u7136\u540e java Hello.java \u5373\u53ef\u8fd0\u884c\u3002\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f&#xff1a;\u8be5\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6240\u6709\u4f9d\u8d56\u7c7b\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6216\u8005\u5728\u7c7b\u8def\u5f84\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f&#xff1a; \u8fd9\u4e00\u7279\u6027\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86Java\u7684\u5165\u95e8\u95e8\u69db\u548c\u4f7f\u7528Java\u7f16\u5199\u811a\u672c\u7684\u6210\u672c&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u62ff\u6765\u5199\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u811a\u672c\u3001\u9a8c\u8bc1\u6027\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7b49&#xff0c;\u63d0\u5347\u4e86\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u4f53\u9a8c\u3002\u914d\u5408 JShell&#xff0c;Java \u5728\u5feb\u901f\u8bd5\u9a8c\u548c\u811a\u672c\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u77ed\u677f\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u7f29\u5c0f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u6838\u5fc3\u5e93\u589e\u5f3a<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u6807\u51c6\u5316 HTTP \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef&#xff1a; Java 11 \u5c06\u65b0 HTTP \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef API \u6b63\u5f0f\u52a0\u5165\u6807\u51c6\u5e93&#xff08;\u4f4d\u4e8e java.net.http \u5305&#xff09;\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a API \u652f\u6301 HTTP\/1.1 \u548c HTTP\/2&#xff0c;\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u540c\u6b65\u548c\u5f02\u6b65&#xff08;\u57fa\u4e8e CompletableFuture&#xff09;\u4e24\u79cd\u8c03\u7528\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u793a\u4f8b&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token class-name\">HttpClient<\/span> client <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">HttpClient<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">newHttpClient<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token class-name\">HttpRequest<\/span> request <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">HttpRequest<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">newBuilder<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">new<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">URI<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;https:\/\/api.github.com&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n                                 <span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">header<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;Accept&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;application\/json&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n                                 <span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">GET<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">build<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token class-name\">HttpResponse<\/span><span class=\"token generics\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">String<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span> response <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> client<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">send<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>request<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">HttpResponse<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>BodyHandlers<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">ofString<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token class-name\">System<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>out<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">println<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>response<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">body<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u65b0\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u6bd4\u65e7\u7684 HttpURLConnection \u4f7f\u7528\u66f4\u7b80\u6d01&#xff0c;\u529f\u80fd\u66f4\u4e30\u5bcc&#xff08;\u5982\u5185\u7f6e WebSocket \u652f\u6301&#xff09;\u3002\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f&#xff1a; \u8c03\u7528 REST \u670d\u52a1\u3001\u6267\u884cHTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u7b49\u5728\u4f01\u4e1a\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d\u5f88\u5e38\u89c1&#xff0c;\u65b0API\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u5f00\u53d1\u6548\u7387&#xff0c;\u5e76\u53d1\u652f\u6301\u548cHTTP\/2\u591a\u8def\u590d\u7528\u4e5f\u5e26\u6765\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u52bf\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32API\u589e\u5f3a&#xff1a; Java 11 \u5bf9 String \u6dfb\u52a0\u4e86\u82e5\u5e72\u5b9e\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>isBlank()&#xff1a;\u5224\u65ad\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a\u767d&#xff08;\u7a7a\u4e32\u6216\u53ea\u542b\u7a7a\u767d\u5b57\u7b26&#xff09;\u3002<\/li>\n<li>strip()&#xff1a;\u7c7b\u4f3c trim()&#xff0c;\u4f46\u80fd\u6b63\u786e\u5904\u7406 Unicode \u7a7a\u767d&#xff08;\u5e76\u6709 stripLeading, stripTrailing&#xff09;\u3002<\/li>\n<li>repeat(int count)&#xff1a;\u91cd\u590d\u5f53\u524d\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32 count \u6b21&#xff0c;\u8fd4\u56de\u65b0\u4e32\u3002<\/li>\n<li>lines()&#xff1a;\u5c06\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u6309\u884c\u62c6\u5206\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6d41&#xff08;Stream&#xff09;\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982&#xff1a;&#034; foo\\\\n&#034;.strip() \u5c06\u5f97\u5230 &#034;foo&#034;&#xff1b; &#034;&#034;.isBlank() \u8fd4\u56de true&#xff1b; &#034;ab&#034;.repeat(3) \u8fd4\u56de &#034;ababab&#034;\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u4f7f\u5e38\u89c1\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5904\u7406\u66f4\u65b9\u4fbf\u3002\u5e94\u7528\u5728\u6e05\u7406\u7528\u6237\u8f93\u5165\u3001\u751f\u6210\u7b80\u5355\u91cd\u590d\u6587\u672c\u7b49\u573a\u666f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u6587\u4ef6\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u96c6\u5408\u589e\u5f3a&#xff1a; \u5f15\u5165\u4e86 Files.readString(Path) \u548c Files.writeString(Path, CharSequence) \u6765\u7b80\u5316\u6587\u4ef6\u8bfb\u5199\u64cd\u4f5c&#xff08;\u4ee5\u524d\u9700\u8981\u81ea\u884c\u4f7f\u7528\u6d41\u8bfb\u53d6\u6216\u5199\u5165&#xff09;\u3002\u96c6\u5408\u63a5\u53e3\u4e5f\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u9ed8\u8ba4\u65b9\u6cd5&#xff0c;\u5982 Collection.toArray(IntFunction generator) \u53ef\u4ee5\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u751f\u6210\u6b63\u786e\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u3002Optional \u65b0\u589e\u4e86 isEmpty() \u65b9\u6cd5&#xff0c;\u4e0e isPresent() \u76f8\u5bf9&#xff0c;\u66f4\u76f4\u89c2\u5730\u5224\u65ad\u7a7aOptional\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u5173\u952e\u5b57 var \u7528\u4e8eLambda&#xff1a; \u524d\u9762\u63d0\u53ca\u7684 lambda \u53c2\u6570\u4f7f\u7528 var \u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5c5e\u4e8e\u8bed\u8a00\u53d8\u5316&#xff0c;\u4f46\u4e00\u8d77\u63d0\u53ca&#xff1a;\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728 lambda \u53c2\u6570\u4e0a\u52a0\u6ce8\u89e3\u3002\u4f8b\u5982 (var x, var y) -&gt; x &#043; y&#xff0c;\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u89e3&#xff0c;\u4e00\u822c\u76f4\u63a5 (x, y) \u5c31\u597d&#xff0c;\u6240\u4ee5\u6b64\u7279\u6027\u4e3b\u8981\u4e3a\u6ce8\u89e3\u670d\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u6027\u80fd\u4e0e\u5185\u5b58<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>ZGC&#xff08;\u53ef\u4f38\u7f29\u4f4e\u5ef6\u8fdf GC&#xff09;&#xff1a; Java 11 \u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6027\u7684 Z Garbage Collector (ZGC)\u3002ZGC\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7740\u773c\u4e8e\u8d85\u5927\u5806\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u4f4e\u5ef6\u8fdf\u5783\u573e\u6536\u96c6\u5668&#xff0c;\u91c7\u7528\u7740\u8272\u6307\u9488\u548c\u8bfb\u5c4f\u969c&#xff0c;\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u51e0\u4e4e\u5168\u90e8\u5e76\u53d1\u7684\u6536\u96c6\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002ZGC \u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u5728\u4efb\u610f\u5806\u5927\u5c0f\u4e0b\u5c06GC\u505c\u987f\u63a7\u5236\u5728\u5341\u6beb\u79d2\u7ea7\u522b\u4ee5\u5185\u3002\u8fd9\u5bf9\u9700\u8981\u8d85\u4f4e\u5ef6\u8fdf\u4e14\u4f7f\u7528\u5927\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u5e94\u7528&#xff08;\u5982\u5185\u5b58\u6570\u636e\u5e93&#xff09;\u5f88\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u3002\u542f\u7528ZGC\u9700\u8981\u52a0VM\u53c2\u6570\u5982 -XX:&#043;UseZGC&#xff08;\u4ec5\u965064\u4f4d Linux&#xff0c;\u5f53\u65f6&#xff09;\u3002\u867d\u7136ZGC\u5728Java 11\u662f\u5b9e\u9a8c\u72b6\u6001&#xff0c;\u4f46\u5b83\u5c55\u793a\u4e86JVM GC\u6280\u672f\u7684\u65b0\u65b9\u5411\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Epsilon GC&#xff1a; \u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6027GC \u2014\u2014 Epsilon \u4e5f\u5728Java 11\u4e2d\u63d0\u4f9b\u3002Epsilon\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a7aGC&#xff0c;\u5b83\u4e0d\u56de\u6536\u5185\u5b58&#xff0c;\u53ea\u8d1f\u8d23\u5206\u914d\u5185\u5b58&#xff0c;\u7b49\u5185\u5b58\u7528\u5b8c\u5373\u8ba9\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5d29\u6e83\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u542c\u4f3c\u5947\u602a\u7684GC\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u6027\u80fd\u6d4b\u8bd5\u548c\u5185\u5b58\u538b\u529b\u6d4b\u8bd5\u573a\u666f&#xff1a;\u6bd4\u5982\u5bf9\u6bd4\u4e0d\u540cGC\u7684\u5206\u914d\u6027\u80fd&#xff0c;\u6216\u5728\u77ed\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u907f\u514dGC\u5f00\u9500\u3002Epsilon\u4e0d\u9002\u5408\u5b9e\u9645\u751f\u4ea7&#xff0c;\u4f46\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6781\u7aef\u57fa\u7ebf\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u4f4e\u5f00\u9500 Heap Profiling&#xff1a; \u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u4f4e\u5f00\u9500\u7684\u5806\u91c7\u6837\u673a\u5236&#xff0c;\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7 JVM TI \u83b7\u53d6\u5806\u4e0a\u5bf9\u8c61\u5206\u914d\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u8fd9\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u5206\u6790\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528&#xff0c;\u800c\u5bf9\u6027\u80fd\u5f71\u54cd\u8f83\u5c0f\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7ebf\u4e0a\u95ee\u9898\u8bca\u65ad&#xff08;\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f\u5206\u6790&#xff09;\u4f1a\u5f88\u6709\u5e2e\u52a9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Flight Recorder \u5f00\u6e90&#xff1a; \u5546\u4e1aJDK\u4e2d\u7684 Java Flight Recorder (JFR) \u5728 Java 11 \u6b63\u5f0f\u5f00\u6e90\u7eb3\u5165OpenJDK\u3002JFR\u662f\u4f4e\u5f00\u9500\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u5206\u6790\u548c\u4e8b\u4ef6\u6536\u96c6\u5de5\u5177&#xff0c;\u4e0eJDK\u7d27\u5bc6\u96c6\u6210\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u6240\u6709Java\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u90fd\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528-XX:StartFlightRecording\u6765\u6536\u96c6\u5e94\u7528\u8fd0\u884c\u6570\u636e&#xff0c;\u7528\u4e8e\u8bca\u65ad\u6027\u80fd\u74f6\u9888\u3002\u5b83\u7279\u522b\u9002\u5408\u5728\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u6301\u7eed\u76d1\u63a7&#xff0c;\u56e0\u4e3a\u5f00\u9500\u5f88\u4f4e\u3002\u968fJFR\u4e00\u8d77\u5f00\u653e\u7684\u8fd8\u6709Mission Control\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u5de5\u5177&#xff08;\u72ec\u7acb\u4e0b\u8f7d&#xff09;\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>TLS 1.3&#xff1a; Java 11 \u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86 TLS 1.3 \u534f\u8bae&#xff0c;\u5c06\u5b89\u5168\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u534f\u8bae\u5347\u7ea7\u5230\u6700\u65b0\u6807\u51c6\u3002TLS 1.3 \u6709\u66f4\u7b80\u6d01\u7684\u63e1\u624b\u8fc7\u7a0b\u548c\u66f4\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\u5957\u4ef6\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4f7f\u7528SSL\/TLS\u7684Java\u5e94\u7528&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5f00\u7bb1\u5373\u7528\u652f\u6301\u6700\u65b0\u5b89\u5168\u6807\u51c6&#xff0c;\u63d0\u5347\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u548c\u6027\u80fd&#xff08;\u51cf\u5c11\u63e1\u624b\u5ef6\u8fdf&#xff09;\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u5de5\u5177\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u79fb\u9664\u548c\u5f03\u7528&#xff1a; Java 11 \u662f\u4e00\u4e2aLTS\u7248\u672c&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u79fb\u9664\u4e86\u4e0d\u5c11\u9057\u7559\u7279\u6027\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u5f7b\u5e95\u79fb\u9664\u4e86 Java EE \u548c CORBA \u6a21\u5757&#xff08;\u5728Java 9\u5c31\u6807\u8bb0deprecated&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u5305\u62ec javax.xml.bind\u3001javax.ws.rs \u7b49&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7531\u72ec\u7acb\u7684Jakarta EE\u5b9e\u73b0\u66ff\u4ee3\u3002\u8fd8\u79fb\u9664\u4e86Applet API\u7b49\u8fc7\u65f6\u6280\u672f\u3002\u53e6\u5916 Nashorn JavaScript \u5f15\u64ce\u5728Java 11\u88ab\u6807\u8bb0\u4e3a\u5f03\u7528&#xff08;\u6700\u7ec8\u79fb\u9664\u4e8eJava 15&#xff09;\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53d8\u5316\u63d0\u793a\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u9700\u8981\u4eceJDK\u4e2d\u8fc1\u79fb\u76f8\u5e94\u4f9d\u8d56\u5230\u72ec\u7acb\u5e93\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Java \u547d\u4ee4\u65b0\u9009\u9879&#xff1a; java \u547d\u4ee4\u589e\u52a0\u4e86 &#8211;show-version \u7b49\u9009\u9879&#xff0c;\u66f4\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u67e5\u770b\u7248\u672c\u3002keytool \u7b49\u5b89\u5168\u5de5\u5177\u4e5f\u652f\u6301\u66f4\u591a\u7b97\u6cd5\u548c\u66f4\u65b9\u4fbf\u7684\u9009\u9879\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u603b\u7ed3&#xff1a; \u4f5c\u4e3a\u957f\u671f\u652f\u6301\u7248\u672c&#xff0c;Java 11 \u96c6\u5927\u6210&#xff0c;\u5de9\u56fa\u4e86Java 9\u548c10\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u5173\u952e\u7684\u65b0\u529f\u80fd\u3002HttpClient\u7684\u6b63\u5f0f\u52a0\u5165\u586b\u8865\u4e86\u957f\u671f\u4ee5\u6765\u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u7f3a\u4e4f\u73b0\u4ee3HTTP\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u7a7a\u767d\u3002\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7ec6\u5c0f\u7684API\u6539\u8fdb&#xff08;\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u96c6\u5408\u7b49&#xff09;\u63d0\u5347\u4e86\u65e5\u5e38\u5f00\u53d1\u4f53\u9a8c\u3002ZGC\u7b49\u9769\u65b0\u7684GC\u6280\u672f\u867d\u7136\u4ecd\u662f\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6027\u8d28&#xff0c;\u4f46\u5c55\u73b0\u4e86Java\u5728\u5927\u5185\u5b58\u4f4e\u5ef6\u8fdf\u9886\u57df\u7684\u6f5c\u529b\u3002Java 11 \u5f00\u6e90\u4e86\u4e4b\u524d\u5546\u7528\u7684JFR&#xff0c;\u7edf\u4e00\u4e86Oracle JDK\u548cOpenJDK\u7684\u5dee\u5f02&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u5bf9Java\u751f\u6001\u610f\u4e49\u91cd\u5927\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4&#xff0c;Java 11 \u4e3a\u968f\u540e\u7248\u672c\u7684\u6f14\u8fdb\u6253\u4e0b\u4e86\u7a33\u5b9a\u57fa\u7840&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u6210\u4e3a\u8bb8\u591a\u4f01\u4e1a\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b65\u5347\u7ea7\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u7248\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>Java 12 \u65b0\u7279\u6027<\/h3>\n<p>\u53d1\u884c\u65f6\u95f4&#xff1a; 2019 \u5e74 3 \u6708<\/p>\n<h4>\u8bed\u8a00\u7279\u6027&#xff08;\u9884\u89c8&#xff09;<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>Switch \u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f (\u9884\u89c8)&#xff1a; Java 12 \u5bf9 switch \u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u589e\u5f3a&#xff0c;\u63a8\u51fa\u4e86 Switch \u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f \u4f5c\u4e3a\u9884\u89c8\u7279\u6027\u3002\u5b83\u5141\u8bb8 switch \u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528\u7b80\u6d01\u7684\u201c\u7bad\u5934\u8bed\u6cd5\u201d\u6216yield\u8bed\u53e5&#xff0c;\u907f\u514d\u4e86\u7e41\u7410\u7684break\u3002\u4f8b\u5982&#xff0c;\u5728Java 12\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd9\u6837\u5199&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u65b0\u7684switch\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u8bed\u6cd5&#xff08;Java 12&#043;&#xff0c;\u9700 &#8211;enable-preview&#xff09;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> numDays <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">switch<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>day<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">case<\/span> MON<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> FRI<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> SUN <span class=\"token operator\">-&gt;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">6<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">case<\/span> TUE <span class=\"token operator\">-&gt;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">7<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">case<\/span> THU<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> SAT <span class=\"token operator\">-&gt;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">8<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">case<\/span> WED <span class=\"token operator\">-&gt;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">9<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u5bf9\u4e8e\u591a\u884c\u7684\u903b\u8f91&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4f7f\u7528 yield \u8fd4\u56de\u503c<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">default<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">-&gt;<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token class-name\">System<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>out<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">println<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;Unknown day: &#034;<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&#043;<\/span> day<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">yield<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">0<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bed\u6cd5\u6d88\u9664\u4e86\u5fd8\u5199break\u5bfc\u81f4\u8d2f\u7a7f\u7684\u98ce\u9669&#xff0c;\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5206\u652f\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u8981\u4e48\u7528-&gt;\u540e\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f&#xff0c;\u8981\u4e48\u4f7f\u7528yield\u8bed\u53e5\u8fd4\u56de\u3002Switch \u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4f7f\u5f97 switch \u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u5185\u5d4c\u5728\u8d4b\u503c\u6216\u8fd4\u56de\u8bed\u53e5\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u66f4\u52a0\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u5316\u3002\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f&#xff1a; \u9700\u8981\u6839\u636e\u679a\u4e3e\u6216\u5e38\u91cf\u8ba1\u7b97\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u573a\u5408\u4f1a\u66f4\u7b80\u6d01&#xff0c;\u4f8b\u5982\u5c06\u8001\u5f0f\u7684 switch-case \u7ed3\u6784\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u4e00\u884c\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u3002Java 12 \u6b64\u7279\u6027\u9700\u901a\u8fc7&#8211;enable-preview\u542f\u7528&#xff0c;\u7ecf\u8fc712\u300113\u7684\u53cd\u9988&#xff0c;\u6700\u7ec8\u5728Java 14\u6210\u4e3a\u6b63\u5f0f\u7279\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Instanceof \u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d (\u9884\u89c8)&#xff1a; Java 12 \u5f15\u5165\u4e86 \u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\u7684 instanceof&#xff08;\u540c\u4e3a\u9884\u89c8\u7279\u6027&#xff09;\u3002\u7b80\u5316\u4e86\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u7c7b\u578b\u68c0\u67e5\u540e\u518d\u5f3a\u5236\u8f6c\u6362\u7684\u5e38\u89c1\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u65b0\u8bed\u6cd5\u5141\u8bb8&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">if<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>obj <span class=\"token keyword\">instanceof<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">String<\/span> str<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u8fdb\u5165\u6b64\u5757\u5219\u81ea\u52a8\u5b8c\u6210\u7c7b\u578b\u8f6c\u6362&#xff0c;\u53ef\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528 str<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token class-name\">System<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>out<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">println<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>str<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">toUpperCase<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u6837&#xff0c;\u65e0\u9700\u518d\u5199 (String) obj \u7684\u5f3a\u8f6c\u548c\u5355\u72ec\u58f0\u660e\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u8fd9\u4f7f\u4ee3\u7801\u66f4\u7d27\u51d1&#xff0c;\u907f\u514d\u4e86\u8f6c\u6362\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f&#xff1a; \u5e7f\u6cdb\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u5bf9\u53c2\u6570\u8fdb\u884c\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u5904\u7406\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u4e00\u4e2a Object \u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u591a\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b&#xff0c;\u6839\u636e\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u903b\u8f91&#xff0c;\u7528\u4f20\u7edf instanceof \u9700\u8981\u7e41\u7410\u7684\u5f3a\u8f6c&#xff0c;\u6709\u4e86\u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\u5c31\u7b80\u6d01\u5b89\u5168\u5f97\u591a\u3002Instanceof \u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\u5728Java 16\u8f6c\u6b63\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u6838\u5fc3\u5e93\u589e\u5f3a<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>String \u65b0\u65b9\u6cd5&#xff1a; Java 12 \u4e3a String \u6dfb\u52a0\u4e86\u4e24\u4e2a\u65b9\u4fbf\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>String.indent(int n)&#xff1a;\u8c03\u6574\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u6bcf\u884c\u7684\u7f29\u8fdb\u3002\u6b63\u6570n\u8868\u793a\u5728\u6bcf\u884c\u524d\u6dfb\u52a0n\u4e2a\u7a7a\u683c&#xff0c;\u8d1f\u6570n\u8868\u793a\u53bb\u9664\u6bcf\u884c\u524d\u6700\u591an\u4e2a\u7a7a\u767d\u5b57\u7b26\u3002\u8fd9\u5bf9\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u591a\u884c\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5f88\u6709\u7528\u3002<\/li>\n<li>String.transform(Function&lt;String,R&gt; f)&#xff1a;\u5c06\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u901a\u8fc7\u7ed9\u5b9a\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u8fd9\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e f.apply(str)&#xff0c;\u53ea\u662f\u4f7f\u8c03\u7528\u66f4\u6d41\u7545&#xff0c;\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u4e32\u8054\u8c03\u7528\u3002\u4f8b\u5982 &#034;foo&#034;.transform(s -&gt; s &#043; &#034;bar&#034;) \u7ed3\u679c\u662f &#034;foobar&#034;\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u63d0\u5347\u4e86\u5904\u7406\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u4fbf\u5229\u6027\u3002\u4f8b\u5982&#xff0c;indent\u914d\u5408\u6587\u672c\u5757&#xff08;\u5728Java 13\u9884\u89c8&#xff09;\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u5730\u8c03\u6574\u4ee3\u7801\u6216\u6587\u6848\u7684\u7f29\u8fdb\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Files.mismatch&#xff1a; \u5728 java.nio.file.Files \u4e2d\u65b0\u589e\u4e86 Files.mismatch(Path, Path) \u65b9\u6cd5&#xff0c;\u7528\u4e8e\u9ad8\u6548\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e24\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u662f\u5426\u76f8\u540c\u3002\u5b83\u8fd4\u56de\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u5339\u914d\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e&#xff0c;\u82e5\u8fd4\u56de-1\u8868\u793a\u6587\u4ef6\u5b8c\u5168\u76f8\u540c\u3002\u8fd9\u5bf9\u6bd4\u5bf9\u5927\u578b\u6587\u4ef6\u5f88\u6709\u5e2e\u52a9&#xff0c;\u5229\u7528\u5e95\u5c42\u5b57\u8282\u6bd4\u8f83&#xff0c;\u53ef\u80fd\u6bd4\u9010\u884c\u8bfb\u66f4\u5feb\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>NumberFormat \u538b\u7f29\u6570\u5b57&#xff1a; java.text.NumberFormat \u65b0\u589e\u4e86\u7d27\u51d1\u6570\u5b57\u683c\u5f0f&#xff08;Compact Number Formatting&#xff09;\u3002\u8fd9\u5141\u8bb8\u4ee5\u201cK\u201d\u201cM\u201d\u7b49\u7b80\u5199\u65b9\u5f0f\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u6570\u5b57\u3002\u4f8b\u5982&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token class-name\">NumberFormat<\/span> fmt <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">NumberFormat<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">getCompactNumberInstance<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">Locale<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>US<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Style<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>SHORT<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token class-name\">System<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>out<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">println<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>fmt<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">format<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token number\">1000<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span>    <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u8f93\u51fa &#034;1K&#034;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token class-name\">System<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>out<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">println<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>fmt<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">format<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token number\">1_000_000<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span> <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u8f93\u51fa &#034;1M&#034;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9\u9700\u8981\u53cb\u597d\u5c55\u793a\u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u636e\u7684\u573a\u5408\u5f88\u5b9e\u7528&#xff0c;\u6bd4\u5982\u5728\u754c\u9762\u4e0a\u663e\u793a\u201c2.3\u4e07\u201d\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u683c\u5f0f&#xff08;\u4e2d\u6587 Locale \u4f1a\u8f93\u51fa\u7c7b\u4f3c\u201c2\u4e073\u5343\u201d&#xff09;\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Collector.Teeing&#xff1a; Java 12\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u6709\u7528\u7684Collector&#xff1a;Collectors.teeing&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u6d41\u62c6\u5206\u6210\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b50\u6d41&#xff0c;\u5404\u81ea\u6536\u96c6\u540e\u518d\u5408\u5e76\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u53ef\u4ee5\u540c\u65f6\u8ba1\u7b97\u5e73\u5747\u503c\u548c\u603b\u548c\u3002\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u6b21\u904d\u5386\u8ba1\u7b97\u591a\u4e2a\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u5f88\u65b9\u4fbf\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>JVM \u4e0e\u5783\u573e\u56de\u6536<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>Shenandoah GC&#xff1a; \u7531 RedHat \u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u4f4e\u505c\u987f\u5783\u573e\u6536\u96c6\u5668 Shenandoah \u5728 Java 12 \u6b63\u5f0f\u5f15\u5165&#xff08;\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6027&#xff09;\u3002Shenandoah \u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u65e0\u8bba\u5806\u591a\u5927&#xff0c;GC \u505c\u987f\u90fd\u572810ms\u4ee5\u5185&#xff0c;\u5b83\u901a\u8fc7\u5e76\u53d1\u538b\u7f29\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u4f4e\u505c\u987f\u3002Shenandoah \u4e0e ZGC \u7c7b\u4f3c&#xff0c;\u90fd\u662f\u9762\u5411\u4f4e\u5ef6\u8fdf\u573a\u666f&#xff0c;\u4f46 Shendandoah \u66f4\u65e9\u5728 JDK 8u \u4e0a\u6295\u5165\u751f\u4ea7\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u5bf9\u4e3b\u8981\u4f7f\u7528 OpenJDK 8 \u7684\u4f01\u4e1a\u6765\u8bf4&#xff0c;Shenandoah \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5347\u7ea7\u8def\u5f84\u3002\u542f\u7528\u53c2\u6570\u4e3a-XX:&#043;UseShenandoahGC\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>G1 \u4f18\u5316&#xff1a; Java 12 \u5bf9\u9ed8\u8ba4 GC G1 \u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u6539\u8fdb\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u62ec JEP 344&#xff1a;\u53ef\u4e2d\u6b62\u7684\u6df7\u5408\u6536\u96c6&#xff0c;\u4f7f G1 \u5728\u8fbe\u5230\u6682\u505c\u76ee\u6807\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u524d\u7ec8\u6b62\u5f53\u524d\u5783\u573e\u6536\u96c6\u5faa\u73af&#xff1b;\u4ee5\u53ca JEP 346&#xff1a;\u7a7a\u95f2\u65f6\u53d6\u6d88\u5206\u914d\u5806\u5185\u5b58&#xff0c;\u4f7f G1 \u5728\u5e94\u7528\u7a7a\u95f2\u65f6\u5c06\u672a\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5806\u5185\u5b58\u8fd4\u8fd8\u7ed9\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6539\u8fdb\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86 G1 \u7684\u5ef6\u8fdf\u5e76\u63d0\u9ad8\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\u6548\u7387&#xff0c;\u5bf9\u4e8e\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u8fd0\u884c\u4e14\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\u6ce2\u52a8\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u6709\u5e2e\u52a9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u5de5\u5177\u548c\u5176\u4ed6<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>Microbenchmark Harness (\u8bd5\u9a8c)&#xff1a; Java 12 \u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u4e8e Java \u7684\u5fae\u57fa\u51c6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6846\u67b6&#xff08;JEP 230&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u65b9\u4fbf\u8fdb\u884c\u6027\u80fd\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002\u4f46\u666e\u901a\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u63a5\u89e6\u8f83\u5c11&#xff0c;\u8be5\u6846\u67b6\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\u5c31\u662f\u540e\u6765\u5e7f\u6cdb\u4f7f\u7528\u7684 JMH&#xff08;Java Microbenchmark Harness&#xff09;\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>JVM \u5e38\u91cf API&#xff1a; \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u5957\u65b0\u7684 java.lang.invoke.ConstantBootstraps API&#xff0c;\u7528\u4e8e\u5728\u5b57\u8282\u7801\u4e2d\u52a0\u8f7d\u52a8\u6001\u5e38\u91cf&#xff08;JEP 309&#xff0c;\u5728Java 11\u9884\u89c8&#xff0c;\u5728Java 12\u6b63\u5f0f&#xff09;\u3002\u8fd9\u5bf9\u8bed\u8a00\u5b9e\u73b0\u8005\u6216\u6846\u67b6\u6765\u8bf4\u6709\u7528&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u7075\u6d3b\u5730\u5904\u7406\u5e38\u91cf\u6c60\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u603b\u7ed3&#xff1a; Java 12 \u5c5e\u4e8e\u8fc7\u6e21\u7248\u672c&#xff0c;\u4f46\u9884\u793a\u4e86Java\u8bed\u8a00\u51e0\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u6f14\u8fdb\u65b9\u5411&#xff1a;Switch\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u548c\u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\u90fd\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u8ba9Java\u8bed\u6cd5\u66f4\u7b80\u6d01\u3001\u66f4\u5f3a\u5927&#xff08;\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7279\u6027\u5728\u540e\u7eed\u7248\u672c\u9646\u7eed\u5b9a\u578b)\u3002\u6838\u5fc3\u5e93\u7684\u5c0f\u6539\u8fdb&#xff08;\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32indent\/transform\u7b49&#xff09;\u8d34\u8fd1\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u9700\u6c42&#xff0c;\u8ba9\u65e5\u5e38\u7f16\u7801\u66f4\u9ad8\u6548\u3002Shenandoah GC \u7b49\u5219\u4f53\u73b0\u4e86 Java \u5728 GC \u9886\u57df\u7684\u6301\u7eed\u521b\u65b0&#xff0c;\u548c ZGC \u4e00\u8d77\u4e3a\u4f4e\u5ef6\u8fdf\u573a\u666f\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3002\u867d\u7136\u53d8\u5316\u4e0d\u5982\u5927\u7248\u672c\u660e\u663e&#xff0c;\u4f46Java 12\u4e3a\u540e\u6765\u7684Java 13\u300114\u7ee7\u7eed\u8fed\u4ee3\u6253\u4e0b\u4e86\u57fa\u7840\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>Java 13 \u65b0\u7279\u6027<\/h3>\n<p>\u53d1\u884c\u65f6\u95f4&#xff1a; 2019 \u5e74 9 \u6708<\/p>\n<h4>\u8bed\u8a00\u7279\u6027&#xff08;\u9884\u89c8&#xff09;<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u6587\u672c\u5757 Text Blocks (\u9884\u89c8)&#xff1a; Java 13 \u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u6587\u672c\u5757\u4f5c\u4e3a\u9884\u89c8\u7279\u6027\u3002\u6587\u672c\u5757\u4f7f\u7528\u4e09\u91cd\u5f15\u53f7 &#034;&#034;&#034; \u5305\u56f4\u591a\u884c\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u6587\u5b57&#xff0c;\u652f\u6301\u4fdd\u6301\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u7684\u6392\u7248\u683c\u5f0f&#xff0c;\u5927\u5927\u7b80\u5316\u4e86\u591a\u884c\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u4e66\u5199\u3002\u4f8b\u5982&#xff0c;\u4ee5\u5f80\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token class-name\">String<\/span> json <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;{\\\\n&#034;<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&#043;<\/span><br \/>\n              <span class=\"token string\">&#034;  \\\\&#034;name\\\\&#034;: \\\\&#034;Alice\\\\&#034;,\\\\n&#034;<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&#043;<\/span><br \/>\n              <span class=\"token string\">&#034;  \\\\&#034;age\\\\&#034;: 25\\\\n&#034;<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&#043;<\/span><br \/>\n              <span class=\"token string\">&#034;}\\\\n&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u6709\u4e86\u6587\u672c\u5757&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5199\u6210&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token class-name\">String<\/span> json <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token triple-quoted-string string\">&#034;&#034;&#034;<br \/>\n              {<br \/>\n                  &#034;name&#034;: &#034;Alice&#034;,<br \/>\n                  &#034;age&#034;: 25<br \/>\n              }<br \/>\n              &#034;&#034;&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0a\u6587\u672c\u5757\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u5305\u542b\u6362\u884c\u7b26\u548c\u7f29\u8fdb\u7a7a\u683c&#xff0c;\u4f7f\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5185\u5bb9\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u4e0e\u6e90\u7801\u683c\u5f0f\u4e00\u81f4\u3002Java 13 \u7684\u6587\u672c\u5757\u8fd8\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u4e24\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u8f6c\u4e49\u5e8f\u5217&#xff1a;\\\\ \u4f5c\u4e3a\u884c\u7ed3\u5c3e\u65f6\u8868\u793a\u5ffd\u7565\u6539\u884c&#xff08;\u8fde\u63a5\u884c&#xff09;\u3001\\\\s \u8868\u793a\u7a7a\u683c\u3002\u6587\u672c\u5757\u663e\u8457\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u7f16\u5199 JSON\u3001HTML\u3001\u6b63\u5219\u3001\u591a\u884c\u65e5\u5fd7\u7b49\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027**&#xff08;\u4f18\u70b9&#xff09;**&#xff0c;\u907f\u514d\u7e41\u7410\u7684\u6362\u884c\u7b26\u62fc\u63a5\u548c\u8f6c\u4e49\u3002\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u6587\u672c\u5757\u4f1a\u4fdd\u7559\u7f29\u8fdb&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528 later Java 14&#043; \u7684 stripIndent() \u65b9\u6cd5\u53bb\u9664\u591a\u4f59\u7f29\u8fdb\u3002Text Blocks \u5728Java 15\u8f6c\u6b63\u6210\u4e3a\u6b63\u5f0f\u7279\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Switch \u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u9884\u89c8&#xff1a; Java 13 \u5bf9\u4e0a\u4e00\u7248\u7684Switch\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u6539\u8fdb&#xff0c;\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u5f15\u5165\u4e86 yield \u5173\u952e\u5b57\u6765\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4f7f\u7528break\u3002\u4f8b\u5982&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token class-name\">String<\/span> result <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">switch<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>day<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">case<\/span> MON<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> TUE<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> WED<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> THU<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> FRI<span class=\"token operator\">:<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">yield<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;Workday&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">case<\/span> SAT<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> SUN<span class=\"token operator\">:<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">yield<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;Weekend&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">default<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">:<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">yield<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;Invalid&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u5728Java 12\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u662f -&gt; \u7bad\u5934\u548c\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u6216\u8005break value\u5f62\u5f0f&#xff1b;Java 13\u7edf\u4e00\u6539\u7528yield\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7248\u672c\u7684Switch\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4f9d\u65e7\u662f\u9884\u89c8&#xff0c;\u76f4\u5230Java 14\u624d\u6b63\u5f0f\u5b9a\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u6838\u5fc3\u5e93\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>ZGC \u6539\u8fdb&#xff1a; Java 13 \u6539\u5584\u4e86ZGC&#xff0c;\u8ba9\u5176\u5728\u7a7a\u95f2\u65f6\u80fd\u591f\u5c06\u672a\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5806\u5185\u5b58\u5f52\u8fd8\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u8fd9\u89e3\u51b3\u4e86\u4e4b\u524dZGC\u4e0d\u4f1a\u91ca\u653e\u5806\u7684\u95ee\u9898&#xff0c;\u66f4\u52a0\u201c\u541d\u556c\u201d\u5730\u5360\u7528\u5185\u5b58&#xff0c;\u4ece\u800c\u964d\u4f4e\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u8db3\u8ff9\u3002\u8fd9\u5bf9\u5bb9\u5668\u73af\u5883\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528&#xff0c;\u5f53\u5e94\u7528\u5185\u5b58\u9700\u6c42\u4e0b\u964d\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u5185\u5b58\u8fd8\u7ed9\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Socket API \u91cd\u6784&#xff1a; Java 13 \u5e95\u5c42\u91cd\u5199\u4e86\u4f20\u7edf Socket \u5b9e\u73b0&#xff0c;\u5f15\u5165 NioSocketImpl \u53d6\u4ee3\u65e7\u7684 PlainSocketImpl\u3002\u65b0\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u4f7f\u7528\u66f4\u73b0\u4ee3\u7684\u673a\u5236&#xff08;\u5982\u57fa\u4e8e java.util.concurrent \u7684\u9501&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u5e76\u53d1\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027\u3002\u65e7\u5b9e\u73b0\u5982\u6709\u9700\u8981\u4ecd\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c5e\u6027\u5207\u6362\u56de\u53bb&#xff08;-Djdk.net.usePlainSocketImpl&#061;true&#xff09;\u3002\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f&#xff1a; \u7edd\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u5e94\u7528\u65e0\u9700\u5173\u6ce8\u6b64\u66f4\u6539&#xff0c;\u4f46\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u548c\u6027\u80fd\u90fd\u4f1a\u4ece\u4e2d\u53d7\u76ca\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf API \u65b0\u65b9\u6cd5&#xff1a; \u5728 java.nio.file.FileSystems \u7c7b\u4e2d\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u7b80\u5316\u4ece\u6587\u4ef6\u521b\u5efa\u5185\u5b58\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u51e0\u4e2a newFileSystem(Path, &#8230;) \u5de5\u5382\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u8fd9\u5141\u8bb8\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u66f4\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u5c06 Zip \u7b49\u6587\u4ef6\u5f53\u4f5c\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u6765\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u8fd9\u5bf9\u9700\u8981\u6d4f\u89c8\u538b\u7f29\u5305\u5185\u5bb9\u6216\u7279\u6b8a\u6587\u4ef6\u5bb9\u5668\u7684\u573a\u666f\u66f4\u4fbf\u5229\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u52a8\u6001 CDS \u5f52\u6863&#xff1a; Java 13 \u5ef6\u4f38\u4e86\u5728Java 10\u5f15\u5165\u7684AppCDS\u529f\u80fd&#xff0c;\u52a0\u5165\u4e86\u52a8\u6001\u7c7b\u6570\u636e\u5f52\u6863\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u63d0\u524d\u8bd5\u8dd1\u751f\u6210\u7c7b\u5217\u8868&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5e94\u7528\u9000\u51fa\u65f6\u7531 JVM \u52a8\u6001\u5730\u5c06\u52a0\u8f7d\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7c7b\u5f52\u6863\u4fdd\u5b58\u3002\u4e0b\u6b21\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\u8bfb\u53d6\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5f52\u6863\u5373\u53ef\u3002\u8fd9\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86 AppCDS \u7684\u6613\u7528\u6027&#xff0c;\u65e0\u9700\u4eba\u4e3a\u5e72\u9884\u751f\u6210\u7c7b\u5217\u8868**&#xff08;\u4f18\u70b9&#xff09;**&#xff0c;\u8ba9\u66f4\u591a\u5e94\u7528\u80fd\u591f\u76f4\u63a5\u53d7\u76ca\u4e8e\u5171\u4eab\u7c7b\u6570\u636e\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u542f\u52a8\u6027\u80fd\u63d0\u5347\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u5de5\u5177\u548c\u79fb\u9664<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>JDK 13 \u6ca1\u6709\u5927\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f&#xff0c;\u4eceJDK 13\u5f00\u59cb&#xff0c;Java\u4e0d\u518d\u5185\u7f6e\u90e8\u7f72\u6808&#xff08;Java Web Start\u5728JDK 11\u5c31\u79fb\u9664&#xff0c;Applet\u5728JDK 11\u5f03\u7528&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u6240\u4ee5\u5728\u684c\u9762\u548c\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u90e8\u7f72\u65b9\u9762Java\u9010\u6e10\u6de1\u51fa&#xff0c;\u66f4\u591a\u805a\u7126\u5728\u540e\u7aef\u548c\u5d4c\u5165\u5f0f\u573a\u666f\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u603b\u7ed3&#xff1a; Java 13 \u5ef6\u7eed\u4e86\u9884\u89c8\u65b0\u7279\u6027\u7684\u6253\u78e8&#xff0c;\u6587\u672c\u5757\u8ba9\u591a\u884c\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5904\u7406\u5728Java\u4e2d\u9996\u6b21\u53d8\u5f97\u6109\u60a6&#xff1b;Switch\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u671d\u7740\u6700\u7ec8\u5b9a\u7a3f\u53c8\u8fc8\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u3002\u867d\u7136\u6ca1\u6709\u6b63\u5f0f\u5b9a\u7a3f\u7684\u65b0\u8bed\u6cd5&#xff0c;\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9884\u89c8\u7279\u6027\u5728\u793e\u533a\u4e2d\u5f15\u8d77\u4e86\u6781\u5927\u5174\u8da3\u3002\u5e95\u5c42\u65b9\u9762&#xff0c;Socket API \u7684\u91cd\u6784\u548cZGC\u7684\u5b8c\u5584\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u8d44\u6e90\u5229\u7528\u7387\u3002Java 13 \u7684\u65b0\u7279\u6027\u6570\u91cf\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e0d\u591a&#xff0c;\u4f46\u201c\u9ebb\u96c0\u867d\u5c0f\u4e94\u810f\u4ff1\u5168\u201d&#xff0c;\u4e3a\u968f\u540eJava 14\u7684\u5927\u91cf\u65b0\u529f\u80fd\u94fa\u57ab\u4e86\u73af\u5883\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>Java 14 \u65b0\u7279\u6027<\/h3>\n<p>\u53d1\u884c\u65f6\u95f4&#xff1a; 2020 \u5e74 3 \u6708<\/p>\n<h4>JVM \u6539\u8fdb<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u7a7a\u6307\u9488\u5f02\u5e38\u8be6\u7ec6\u63d0\u793a&#xff1a; Java 14 \u5bf9\u957f\u671f\u56f0\u6270\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u7684 NullPointerException \u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u6539\u8fdb\u3002\u5f53\u53d1\u751fNPE\u65f6&#xff0c;\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f\u73b0\u5728\u4f1a\u6307\u51fa\u5177\u4f53\u54ea\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u4e3a\u7a7a\u3002\u4f8b\u5982&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u5047\u8bbe a\u3001b \u53ef\u80fd\u4e3a\u7a7a<\/span><br \/>\na<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>b<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>c<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>i <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">99<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u4fe1\u606f\u53ea\u662f \u201cNullPointerException at \u2026 \u7b2c5\u884c\u201d&#xff0c;\u73b0\u5728\u5219\u4f1a\u63d0\u793a\u7c7b\u4f3c \u201cCannot read field \u2018c\u2019 because \u2018a.b\u2019 is null\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u66f4\u8be6\u5c3d\u7684\u6d88\u606f\u8ba9\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u7acb\u523b\u77e5\u9053\u7a7a\u6307\u9488\u7684\u539f\u56e0&#xff0c;\u5927\u5e45\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u6392\u67e5\u65f6\u95f4**&#xff08;\u4f18\u70b9&#xff09;**\u3002\u8be5\u529f\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7 JVM \u53c2\u6570 -XX:&#043;ShowCodeDetailsInExceptionMessages \u6253\u5f00&#xff08;\u5728Java 14\u4e2d\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5173\u95ed&#xff0c;\u5728Java 15\u4e2d\u6210\u4e3a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5f00\u542f&#xff09;\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u8bed\u8a00\u7279\u6027<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>Switch \u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u6b63\u5f0f\u63a8\u51fa&#xff1a; \u7ecf\u8fc7\u4e24\u4e2a\u7248\u672c\u7684\u9884\u89c8&#xff0c;\u589e\u5f3a\u578b switch \u5728 Java 14 \u6b63\u5f0f\u6210\u4e3a Java \u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u65e0\u9700\u4efb\u4f55\u9884\u89c8\u6807\u5fd7&#xff0c;\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u524d\u8ff0\u7684\u7bad\u5934\u8bed\u6cd5\u548c yield \u6765\u7f16\u5199 switch \u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4e86\u3002\u4f8b\u5982&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token class-name\">String<\/span> label <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">switch<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>day<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">case<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;M&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;W&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;F&#034;<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">-&gt;<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;MWF&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">case<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;T&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;TH&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;S&#034;<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">-&gt;<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;TTS&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">default<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">-&gt;<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">if<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>day<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">isEmpty<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">yield<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;Please insert a valid day.&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">else<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">yield<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;Looks like a Sunday.&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token class-name\">System<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>out<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">println<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>label<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u91cc&#xff0c;\u591a\u4e2a case \u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u9017\u53f7\u5408\u5e76&#xff08;\u5982 \u201cM\u201d, \u201cW\u201d, \u201cF\u201d&#xff09;&#xff0c;default \u5206\u652f\u91cc\u6f14\u793a\u4e86\u591a\u8bed\u53e5\u5757\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528 yield \u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u3002Switch \u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u76f8\u6bd4\u4f20\u7edf switch \u7b80\u6d01\u4e14\u66f4\u5b89\u5168&#xff0c;\u907f\u514d\u4e86\u9057\u5fd8 break \u7684\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u5b83\u8fd8\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u7528\u4f5c\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u8d4b\u503c\u6216\u8fd4\u56de&#xff0c;\u5927\u5927\u589e\u5f3a\u4e86 Java \u8868\u8fbe\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Records&#xff08;\u9884\u89c8&#xff09;&#xff1a; Java 14 \u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u5168\u65b0\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u58f0\u660e&#xff1a;\u8bb0\u5f55\u7c7b&#xff08;Record&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u4f5c\u4e3a\u9884\u89c8\u7279\u6027\u3002Record\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6d45\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8\u7684\u6570\u636e\u8f7d\u4f53\u7c7b&#xff0c;\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u7b80\u6d01\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u58f0\u660e&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u5fc5\u7f16\u5199\u6837\u677f\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u4f8b\u5982&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">public<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">record<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Point<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> x<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> y<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u5c06\u4e3a Point \u81ea\u52a8\u751f\u6210\u6784\u9020\u5668\u3001x()\/y()\u8bbf\u95ee\u5668\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001equals()\u3001hashCode() \u548c toString()\u3002\u6240\u6709\u5b57\u6bb5\u9ed8\u8ba4\u662f private final&#xff0c;Record\u7c7b\u81ea\u8eab\u88ab\u9690\u5f0f\u58f0\u660e\u4e3a final&#xff08;\u4e0d\u53ef\u5b50\u7c7b\u5316&#xff09;\u3002Record\u975e\u5e38\u9002\u5408\u8868\u793a\u7eaf\u6570\u636e&#xff0c;\u5982\u5750\u6807\u70b9\u3001\u8303\u56f4\u3001DTO\u7b49\u3002\u5b83\u6781\u5927\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u5197\u4f59\u4ee3\u7801&#xff0c;\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027&#xff0c;\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8eJava\u5185\u7f6e\u4e86 Lombok \u7684 &#064;Data \u529f\u80fd\u3002\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f&#xff1a; \u7528\u4e8e\u503c\u5bf9\u8c61&#xff0c;\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728API\u95f4\u4f20\u8f93\u6570\u636e\u7684\u65f6\u5019&#xff0c;\u4f7f\u4ee3\u7801\u66f4\u7b80\u6d01\u6e05\u6670\u3002Record \u5728Java 16\u6210\u4e3a\u6b63\u5f0f\u7279\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u6587\u672c\u5757&#xff08;\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u9884\u89c8&#xff09;&#xff1a; \u6587\u672c\u5757\u5728Java 14\u7ee7\u7eed\u9884\u89c8&#xff0c;\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u8f6c\u4e49&#xff1a;\\\\&#xff08;\u884c\u5c3e\u5ffd\u7565\u6362\u884c&#xff09;\u548c \\\\s&#xff08;\u663e\u5f0f\u7a7a\u683c&#xff09;\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5728Java 13\u5c31\u5df2\u52a0\u5165\u9884\u89c8\u3002Java 14\u6587\u672c\u5757\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u53d8\u5316\u662f\u9488\u5bf9\u524d\u4e00\u8f6e\u53cd\u9988\u8fdb\u884c\u8c03\u6574&#xff0c;\u6bd4\u5982\u7ed3\u5c3e\u5904\u7684\u6362\u884c\u5904\u7406\u7b49\u3002\u603b\u4e4b&#xff0c;\u6587\u672c\u5757\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u7248\u4f9d\u7136\u662f\u9884\u89c8&#xff0c;\u4f46\u5df2\u7ecf\u76f8\u5f53\u6210\u719f&#xff0c;\u6700\u7ec8\u5728Java 15\u8f6c\u6b63\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>instanceof \u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d&#xff08;\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u9884\u89c8&#xff09;&#xff1a; Java 14 \u4e2d&#xff0c;instanceof \u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\u4f5c\u4e3a\u9884\u89c8\u518d\u6b21\u51fa\u73b0&#xff0c;\u6ca1\u6709\u8bed\u6cd5\u53d8\u5316&#xff0c;\u4ec5\u7ee7\u7eed\u6536\u96c6\u53cd\u9988\u3002\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u5df2\u53ef\u719f\u7ec3\u4f7f\u7528 if(obj instanceof Type var) \u8fd9\u79cd\u5199\u6cd5&#xff0c;\u76f4\u5230Java 16\u6210\u4e3a\u6b63\u5f0f\u7279\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u6838\u5fc3\u5e93\u548c\u5de5\u5177<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u79fb\u9664\u8fc7\u65f6\u7684CMS GC&#xff1a; \u5e76\u53d1\u6807\u8bb0\u6e05\u9664&#xff08;CMS&#xff09;\u5783\u573e\u6536\u96c6\u5668\u81eaJava 9\u8d77\u5f03\u7528\u540e&#xff0c;\u7ec8\u4e8e\u5728Java 14\u4e2d\u79fb\u9664\u3002CMS \u66fe\u7ecf\u662f\u4f4e\u505c\u987fGC\u7684\u4e3b\u529b&#xff0c;\u4f46\u6709\u65b0\u4e00\u4ee3\u7684G1\u3001Shenandoah\u3001ZGC\u66ff\u4ee3\u3002\u79fb\u9664CMS\u53ef\u4ee5\u51cf\u8f7b\u7ef4\u62a4\u8d1f\u62c5\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4ecd\u5728\u4f7f\u7528CMS\u7684\u5e94\u7528&#xff0c;\u9700\u8981\u8f6c\u5411\u5176\u4ed6GC&#xff08;\u901a\u5e38\u8f6cG1&#xff09;\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>ZGC \u6269\u5c55\u5230 macOS\/Windows&#xff1a; Java 14 \u5c06ZGC\u4ece\u4ec5\u652f\u6301Linux\u6269\u5c55\u5230\u4e86 macOS \u548c Windows \u5e73\u53f0\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u66f4\u591a\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5404\u79cd\u4e3b\u6d41\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u8bd5\u9a8cZGC\u7684\u4f4e\u5ef6\u8fdf\u7279\u6027**&#xff08;\u4f18\u70b9&#xff09;**\u3002\u4e5f\u6807\u5fd7\u7740ZGC\u9010\u6e10\u6210\u719f&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u518d\u5c40\u9650\u4e8e\u5355\u4e00\u5e73\u53f0\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>jpackage \u5de5\u5177&#xff08;\u5b75\u5316&#xff09;&#xff1a; \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86 jpackage \u5de5\u5177\u7684\u65e9\u671f\u7248\u672c&#xff0c;\u53ef\u5c06Java\u5e94\u7528\u6253\u5305\u6210\u539f\u751f\u5b89\u88c5\u5305&#xff08;exe\u3001msi\u3001pkg\u3001deb\u7b49&#xff09;\u3002\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u4ea4\u4ed8\u684c\u9762\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u573a\u666f\u5f88\u6709\u4ef7\u503c&#xff0c;\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u751f\u6210\u5305\u542b\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u7684\u5b89\u88c5\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002jpackage \u5728JDK 16\u8f6c\u4e3a\u6b63\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u5b89\u5168\u548c\u5176\u4ed6<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>Edwards-Curve \u6570\u5b57\u7b7e\u540d\u7b97\u6cd5&#xff1a; Java 15&#xff08;\u800c\u975e14&#xff09;\u624d\u52a0\u5165EdDSA&#xff0c;\u4f46\u5728Java 14\u65f6\u5df2\u5728\u7740\u624b\u4e86\u3002Java 14\u4e3b\u8981\u5b89\u5168\u6539\u8fdb\u4f53\u73b0\u5728\u5bf9TLS\u3001\u52a0\u5bc6\u5e93\u7684\u7ec6\u8282\u4fee\u590d&#xff0c;\u6ca1\u6709\u663e\u8457\u7684API\u53d8\u5316\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u603b\u7ed3&#xff1a; Java 14 \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5185\u5bb9\u76f8\u5f53\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u7248\u672c\u3002Switch\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7ec8\u4e8e\u5b9a\u578b\u3001\u8bb0\u5f55\u7c7b\u548c\u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\u5f00\u59cb\u5d2d\u9732\u5934\u89d2\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bed\u8a00\u5c42\u9762\u7684\u589e\u5f3a\u8ba9Java\u53d8\u5f97\u66f4\u7b80\u6d01\u548c\u5bcc\u6709\u8868\u8fbe\u529b&#xff0c;\u9010\u6b65\u6446\u8131\u201c\u6837\u677f\u4ee3\u7801\u591a\u201d\u7684\u8bdf\u75c5\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1Record\u548c\u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\u4ecd\u662f\u9884\u89c8&#xff0c;\u4f46\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u5df2\u7ecf\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c1d\u9c9c\u611f\u53d7\u5230\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u9b45\u529b\u3002\u6838\u5fc3\u5e93\u65b9\u9762&#xff0c;\u672c\u7248\u672c\u6539\u52a8\u4e0d\u5927&#xff0c;\u4f46\u50cf\u6587\u672c\u5757\u7b49\u7ee7\u7eed\u6539\u8fdb\u3002JVM\u5219\u5728\u6574\u7406\u5386\u53f2\u5305\u88b1&#xff08;\u79fb\u9664CMS&#xff09;\u548c\u63a8\u5e7f\u65b0GC&#xff08;ZGC\u8de8\u5e73\u53f0&#xff09;\u4e0a\u8fc8\u8fdb\u3002\u603b\u7684\u6765\u8bf4&#xff0c;Java 14\u6807\u5fd7\u7740Java\u8bed\u8a00\u5728\u4fdd\u6301\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\u540c\u65f6&#xff0c;\u5f00\u59cb\u5927\u80c6\u5f15\u5165\u65b0\u8bed\u6cd5&#xff0c;\u4e3a\u73b0\u4ee3\u5e94\u7528\u9700\u6c42\u63d0\u4f9b\u66f4\u4f18\u96c5\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>Java 15 \u65b0\u7279\u6027<\/h3>\n<p>\u53d1\u884c\u65f6\u95f4&#xff1a; 2020 \u5e74 9 \u6708<\/p>\n<h4>\u6838\u5fc3\u8bed\u8a00\u7279\u6027<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u6587\u672c\u5757\u6b63\u5f0f\u53d1\u5e03&#xff1a; \u7ecf\u8fc7\u4e24\u6b21\u9884\u89c8&#xff0c;Text Blocks \u5728 Java 15 \u6210\u4e3a\u6b63\u5f0f\u7279\u6027\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u591a\u884c\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u6587\u5b57\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u52a0\u4efb\u4f55\u6807\u5fd7\u76f4\u63a5\u5728\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u4e09\u91cd\u5f15\u53f7\u8868\u793a\u3002\u4e0e\u9884\u89c8\u9636\u6bb5\u76f8\u6bd4&#xff0c;Java 15 \u7684\u6587\u672c\u5757\u5df2\u7ecf\u975e\u5e38\u7a33\u5b9a&#xff0c;\u4e4b\u524d\u63d0\u5230\u7684 stripIndent()\u3001translateEscapes() \u7b49\u8f85\u52a9\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e5f\u90fd\u6b63\u5f0f\u968f\u4e4b\u63d0\u4f9b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u5bc6\u5c01\u7c7b&#xff08;\u9884\u89c8&#xff09;&#xff1a; Java 15 \u5f15\u5165\u4e86 \u5bc6\u5c01\u7c7b \u548c \u5bc6\u5c01\u63a5\u53e3&#xff08;Sealed Classes&#xff09;\u4f5c\u4e3a\u9884\u89c8\u7279\u6027\u3002\u5bc6\u5c01\u7c7b\u5141\u8bb8\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u9650\u5236\u54ea\u4e9b\u5b50\u7c7b\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ee7\u627f\u5b83\u3002\u4f7f\u7528 sealed \u4fee\u9970\u7c7b&#xff0c;\u5e76\u5728\u7c7b\u58f0\u660e\u540e\u4f7f\u7528 permits \u5b50\u7c7b\u5217\u8868 \u6765\u663e\u5f0f\u5217\u51fa\u5141\u8bb8\u7ee7\u627f\u7684\u5b50\u7c7b&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">public<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">sealed<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">class<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Person<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">permits<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Employee<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Manager<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ &#8230;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">public<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">final<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">class<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Employee<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">extends<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Person<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">public<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">non-sealed<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">class<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Manager<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">extends<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Person<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u4e0a\u4f8b\u4e2d&#xff0c;Person \u8fd9\u4e2a\u5bc6\u5c01\u7c7b\u53ea\u5141\u8bb8\u6709 Employee \u548c Manager \u4e24\u4e2a\u5b50\u7c7b\u3002\u800c\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b50\u7c7b\u5fc5\u987b\u8981\u4e48\u58f0\u660e\u4e3a final \u5b8c\u5168\u5c01\u95ed\u7ee7\u627f&#xff08;\u5982Employee&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u8981\u4e48\u7ee7\u7eed\u58f0\u660e\u4e3a sealed&#xff08;\u5217\u51fa\u4e0b\u4e00\u5c42\u8bb8\u53ef\u7ee7\u627f&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u6216\u8005\u58f0\u660e\u4e3a non-sealed \u8868\u793a\u5f00\u653e\u7ee7\u627f&#xff08;\u5982Manager&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u518d\u53d7\u9650\u5236&#xff09;\u3002\u5bc6\u5c01\u7c7b\u7684\u597d\u5904\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e25\u683c\u9650\u5b9a\u7ee7\u627f\u5c42\u6b21&#xff0c;\u786e\u4fdd\u4ee3\u7801\u8986\u76d6\u65f6\u77e5\u9053\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u5b50\u7c7b&#xff0c;\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\u7b49\u7279\u6027\u7684\u7a77\u5c3d\u6027\u68c0\u67e5\u3002\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f&#xff1a; \u679a\u4e3e\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6269\u5c55&#xff0c;\u5f53\u679a\u4e3e\u4e0d\u9002\u7528\u65f6&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u5bc6\u5c01\u7c7b&#043;\u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\u4ee3\u66ff&#xff1b;\u6216\u8005\u6846\u67b6\u5b9a\u4e49\u63a5\u53e3\u53ea\u5141\u8bb8\u7279\u5b9a\u5b9e\u73b0\u7b49\u3002\u5bc6\u5c01\u7c7b\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u7cfb\u7edf\u5efa\u6a21\u7684\u7cbe\u786e\u6027\u3002\u5b83\u5728Java 17\u6b63\u5f0f\u6210\u4e3a\u8bed\u8a00\u7279\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u9690\u85cf\u7c7b&#xff08;Hidden Classes&#xff09;&#xff1a; Java 15 \u52a0\u5165\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u4e13\u95e8\u9762\u5411\u6846\u67b6\u3001JVM\u5185\u90e8\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u7c7b\u52a0\u8f7d\u529f\u80fd&#xff1a;Hidden Classes\u3002\u9690\u85cf\u7c7b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u52a8\u6001\u751f\u6210\u7684\u7c7b&#xff0c;\u5b83\u4eec\u4e0d\u53ef\u89c1\u4e8e\u5916\u90e8&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7\u666e\u901a\u53cd\u5c04\u83b7\u53d6&#xff0c;\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u5b57\u8282\u7801\u6846\u67b6\u751f\u6210\u4ee3\u7406\u7c7b\u3001\u52a8\u6001\u8bed\u8a00\u5b9e\u73b0\u7b49\u573a\u666f\u3002\u4f7f\u7528 MethodHandles.Lookup \u5b9a\u4e49\u9690\u85cf\u7c7b\u540e&#xff0c;\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u6c61\u67d3\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u7c7b\u547d\u540d\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u666e\u901a\u5e94\u7528\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u53ef\u80fd\u611f\u89c9\u4e0d\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7279\u6027&#xff0c;\u4f46\u50cf\u52a8\u6001\u4ee3\u7406\u3001GraalVM\u591a\u8bed\u8a00\u652f\u6301\u90fd\u4f1a\u53d7\u76ca\u4e8e\u6b64&#xff0c;\u66f4\u52a0\u5b89\u5168\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u6838\u5fc3\u5e93\u4e0e\u5b89\u5168<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u65b0\u589e CharSequence.isEmpty()&#xff1a; \u5728 Java 15&#xff0c;CharSequence \u63a5\u53e3\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e86\u9ed8\u8ba4\u65b9\u6cd5 isEmpty()\u3002\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u6240\u6709\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86 CharSequence \u7684\u7c7b&#xff08;\u5305\u62ec String\u3001StringBuilder\u7b49&#xff09;\u90fd\u81ea\u52a8\u62e5\u6709\u4e86 isEmpty() \u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u4ee5\u5f80\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u80fd\u7528 seq.length() &#061;&#061; 0 \u5224\u65ad&#xff0c;\u73b0\u5728\u8c03\u7528\u66f4\u76f4\u89c2\u3002\u7c7b\u4f3c\u5730&#xff0c;Collection\u63a5\u53e3\u65e9\u6709 isEmpty() \u65b9\u6cd5&#xff0c;\u5982\u4eca\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5e8f\u5217\u63a5\u53e3\u4e5f\u7edf\u4e00\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7528\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u589e\u5f3a TreeMap&#xff1a; Java 15 \u4e3a java.util.TreeMap \u589e\u8865\u4e86\u591a\u4e2a\u5e38\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5&#xff1a;putIfAbsent, computeIfAbsent, computeIfPresent, compute, merge\u3002\u8fc7\u53bb\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ea\u5728 HashMap \u7b49\u4e2d\u6709&#xff0c;\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e3a\u76f4\u63a5\u8c03\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u63a5\u53e3\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5b9e\u73b0&#xff0c;\u73b0\u5728 TreeMap \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u81ea\u8eab\u4f18\u5316\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u4f7f\u7528 TreeMap \u65f6\u4e5f\u80fd\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u8fdb\u884c\u6761\u4ef6\u63d2\u5165\u548c\u5408\u5e76\u64cd\u4f5c&#xff0c;Collections API \u66f4\u52a0\u4e00\u81f4\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u65b0\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u7b7e\u540d\u7b97\u6cd5 EdDSA&#xff1a; Java 15 \u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86 Edwards-Curve \u6570\u5b57\u7b7e\u540d\u7b97\u6cd5&#xff08;EdDSA&#xff09;\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u73b0\u4ee3\u7684\u692d\u5706\u66f2\u7ebf\u7b7e\u540d\u65b9\u6848&#xff0c;\u76f8\u6bd4 ECDSA \u7b97\u6cd5&#xff0c;\u6027\u80fd\u66f4\u597d\u4e14\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u9ad8&#xff08;\u6297\u5f3a\u529b\u7834\u89e3\u80fd\u529b\u5f3a&#xff09;\u3002Java 15 \u5185\u7f6e\u652f\u6301 Ed25519 \u548c Ed448 \u66f2\u7ebf&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7 &#034;Ed25519&#034; \u7b97\u6cd5\u540d\u79f0\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u4f8b\u5982&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token class-name\">KeyPairGenerator<\/span> kpg <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">KeyPairGenerator<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">getInstance<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;Ed25519&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token class-name\">KeyPair<\/span> kp <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> kpg<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">generateKeyPair<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token class-name\">Signature<\/span> sig <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Signature<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">getInstance<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;Ed25519&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\nsig<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">initSign<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>kp<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">getPrivate<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\nsig<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">update<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>data<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">byte<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]<\/span> signature <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> sig<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">sign<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u5c06\u4ea7\u751f\u4e00\u4e2a Ed25519 \u7b7e\u540d\u3002EdDSA \u7684\u52a0\u5165\u8ba9Java\u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u7d27\u8ddf\u52a0\u5bc6\u9886\u57df\u524d\u6cbf&#xff0c;\u4e3a\u9700\u8981\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u7b7e\u540d&#xff08;\u5982\u533a\u5757\u94fe\u3001JWT&#xff09;\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u65b0\u9009\u62e9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>JVM \u548c\u6027\u80fd<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>ZGC \u8f6c\u6b63&#xff1a; ZGC \u5728 Java 15 \u7ec8\u4e8e\u7ed3\u675f\u4e86\u5b9e\u9a8c\u72b6\u6001&#xff0c;\u53d8\u4e3a\u751f\u4ea7\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u5783\u573e\u6536\u96c6\u5668\u3002\u867d\u7136\u9ed8\u8ba4GC\u4ecd\u662fG1&#xff0c;\u4f46\u73b0\u5728\u53ef\u4ee5\u653e\u5fc3\u5730\u5728\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4f7f\u7528ZGC&#xff08;\u901a\u8fc7-XX:&#043;UseZGC\u542f\u7528&#xff09;\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u4f4e\u5ef6\u8fdf\u4f18\u52bf\u3002\u540c\u65f6&#xff0c;Java 15 \u7684ZGC\u5df2\u652f\u6301\u591a\u5e73\u53f0\u5e76\u4fee\u590d\u4e86\u65e9\u671f\u95ee\u9898&#xff0c;\u65e5\u8d8b\u6210\u719f\u3002\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f&#xff1a; \u9488\u5bf9\u8d85\u4f4e\u5ef6\u8fdf\u8981\u6c42\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u6216\u5927\u5185\u5b58\u5e94\u7528&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u8003\u8651\u5c1d\u8bd5ZGC\u5e76\u8c03\u4f18\u3002\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f&#xff0c;ZGC\u6b64\u65f6\u4ecd\u975e\u9ed8\u8ba4&#xff0c;\u610f\u5473\u5bf9\u666e\u901a\u573a\u666f\u8fd8\u662fG1\u66f4\u901a\u7528&#xff0c;\u800cZGC\u63d0\u4f9b\u7279\u6b8a\u573a\u666f\u9009\u9879\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u5f03\u7528 Nashorn&#xff1a; Java 15 \u6b63\u5f0f\u79fb\u9664\u4e86 Nashorn JavaScript \u5f15\u64ce&#xff08;\u5728Java 11\u5c31\u6807\u8bb0\u4e86\u5f03\u7528&#xff09;\u3002\u7531\u4e8eJavaScript\u6d41\u884c\u751f\u6001(\u5982Node.js)\u5df2\u5728JVM\u4e4b\u5916\u53d1\u5c55\u6210\u719f&#xff0c;Nashorn\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u548c\u7ef4\u62a4\u4ef7\u503c\u4e0b\u964d\u3002\u4eca\u540e\u5728JVM\u5185\u8fd0\u884cJS\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u72ec\u7acb\u9879\u76ee&#xff08;\u5982GraalJS&#xff09;\u3002\u8fd9\u63d0\u9192\u5f00\u53d1\u8005&#xff1a;\u5185\u5d4c\u811a\u672c\u529f\u80fd\u5e94\u9010\u6b65\u8fc1\u79fb\u5230\u65b0\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u9884\u89c8\/\u975e\u6b63\u5f0f\u7279\u6027<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u8bb0\u5f55\u7c7b\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u9884\u89c8&#xff1a; Record \u5728 Java 15 \u7ee7\u7eed\u9884\u89c8&#xff0c;\u505a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u6539\u8fdb\u6bd4\u5982\u5141\u8bb8\u5c40\u90e8\u7c7b\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49Record\u7b49\u3002\u8bed\u6cd5\u57fa\u672c\u7ef4\u6301\u4e0d\u53d8&#xff0c;\u4e3a\u6700\u7ec8\u8f6c\u6b63\u505a\u6700\u540e\u51c6\u5907\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d instanceof \u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u9884\u89c8&#xff1a; \u4e5f\u57fa\u672c\u4fdd\u6301\u4e0d\u53d8&#xff0c;\u53ea\u6536\u96c6\u66f4\u591a\u4f7f\u7528\u53cd\u9988\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u603b\u7ed3&#xff1a; Java 15 \u867d\u7136\u662f\u77ed\u671f\u7248\u672c&#xff0c;\u4f46\u7279\u6027\u76f8\u5f53\u4e30\u5bcc\u3002\u6587\u672c\u5757\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u7248\u7ec8\u4e8e\u5c18\u57c3\u843d\u5b9a&#xff0c;\u4f7f\u591a\u884c\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5904\u7406\u4e0d\u518d\u7e41\u7410\u3002\u5bc6\u5c01\u7c7b\u7684\u5f15\u5165\u8ba9Java\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u7cfb\u7edf\u66f4\u52a0\u5f3a\u5927&#xff0c;\u914d\u5408\u8bb0\u5f55\u7c7b\u3001pattern matching&#xff0c;Java\u6b63\u671d\u7740\u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\u548c\u4ee3\u6570\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u8fc8\u8fdb\u3002\u5e93\u65b9\u9762\u5c0f\u5e45\u589e\u5f3a\u4e86\u96c6\u5408\u3001\u5b57\u7b26\u5e8f\u5217\u3001\u5bc6\u7801\u5b66\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002ZGC\u6210\u719f\u548cNashorn\u79fb\u9664\u5219\u53cd\u6620\u4e86JVM\u5185\u90e8\u6280\u672f\u8fed\u4ee3\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u6765\u8bf4&#xff0c;Java 15 \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u591a\u5de5\u5177\u6765\u7f16\u5199\u7b80\u6d01\u3001\u5b89\u5168\u3001\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u4ee3\u7801&#xff0c;\u662f\u4e00\u6b3e\u503c\u5f97\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u7248\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>Java 16 \u65b0\u7279\u6027<\/h3>\n<p>\u53d1\u884c\u65f6\u95f4&#xff1a; 2021 \u5e74 3 \u6708<\/p>\n<h4>\u8bed\u8a00\u7279\u6027<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>Records&#xff08;\u8bb0\u5f55\u7c7b&#xff09;\u6b63\u5f0f\u53d1\u5e03&#xff1a; Java 16 \u5c06\u8bb0\u5f55\u7c7b\u4ece\u9884\u89c8\u8f6c\u4e3a\u6b63\u5f0f\u7279\u6027\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u7528\u4efb\u4f55\u989d\u5916\u5f00\u5173&#xff0c;\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528 record \u5173\u952e\u5b57\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u3002\u5982&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">public<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">record<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Point<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> x<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> y<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u81ea\u52a8\u751f\u6210\u6784\u9020\u5668\u3001getter&#xff08;\u4ee5\u5b57\u6bb5\u540d\u4e3a\u65b9\u6cd5\u540d&#xff09;\u3001equals\/hashCode\u3001toString \u7b49\u3002\u76f8\u6bd4Java\u4e2d\u7684\u666e\u901a\u7c7b&#xff0c;Record\u6781\u5927\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u6837\u677f\u4ee3\u7801&#xff0c;\u5e76\u4e14\u8bed\u4e49\u660e\u786e\u5730\u8868\u793a\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u503c\u7c7b\u578b\u3002\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f&#xff0c;Java 16 \u5bf9Record\u4f5c\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u8c03\u6574&#xff1a;\u5141\u8bb8\u5185\u90e8\u7c7b\u5b9a\u4e49Record&#xff0c;\u5e76\u652f\u6301\u5728\u63a5\u53e3\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u9759\u6001Record\u5d4c\u5957\u7c7b\u7b49\u3002\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f&#xff1a; Record\u975e\u5e38\u9002\u5408\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\u5bf9\u8c61&#xff08;DTO&#xff09;\u3001\u53ea\u8bfb\u914d\u7f6e\u7c7b\u7b49\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u5728 Spring MVC \u4e2d&#xff0c;\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u7528Record\u6765\u5efa\u6a21&#xff0c;\u7531\u4e8e\u5176\u81ea\u5e26toString\/equals&#xff0c;\u6253\u5370\u65e5\u5fd7\u548c\u6bd4\u8f83\u90fd\u65b9\u4fbf\u8bb8\u591a\u3002\u5927\u91cf\u539f\u672c\u9700\u5199\u6784\u9020\u5668\u548cgetter\u7684\u7c7b\u73b0\u5728\u4e00\u884c\u5c31\u641e\u5b9a&#xff0c;\u5f00\u53d1\u6548\u7387\u548c\u4ee3\u7801\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u5927\u5e45\u63d0\u5347\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\u7684 instanceof \u6b63\u5f0f\u53d1\u5e03&#xff1a; Java 16 \u5c06\u524d\u51e0\u7248\u9884\u89c8\u7684 instanceof \u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d \u7279\u6027\u5b9a\u578b\u53d1\u5e03\u3002\u73b0\u5728&#xff0c;if (obj instanceof String s) \u6210\u4e3a\u6b63\u5f0f\u8bed\u6cd5&#xff0c;s \u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u5728\u8be5 if \u5206\u652f\u5185\u6709\u6548&#xff0c;\u7c7b\u578b\u81ea\u52a8\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a String\u3002\u4e0e\u9884\u89c8\u7248\u76f8\u6bd4&#xff0c;\u552f\u4e00\u8bed\u4e49\u6539\u52a8\u662f\u6a21\u5f0f\u53d8\u91cf\u4e0d\u518d\u9690\u5f0f\u662f final \u7684&#xff08;Java 16 \u8d77\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fee\u6539 s \u7684\u5f15\u7528&#xff09;\u3002\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f&#xff1a; \u51e0\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u9700\u8981\u7c7b\u578b\u68c0\u67e5\u518d\u5f3a\u8f6c\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u90fd\u80fd\u7528\u8fd9\u7279\u6027\u7b80\u5316\u3002\u4f8b\u5982&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token class-name\">Object<\/span> obj <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">if<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>obj <span class=\"token keyword\">instanceof<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Integer<\/span> data<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token class-name\">System<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>out<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">println<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>data <span class=\"token operator\">&#043;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">1<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span> <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528 data&#xff0c;\u65e0\u9700\u5f3a\u8f6c<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u7701\u53bb\u4e86\u5178\u578b\u7684\u6a21\u677f\u4ee3\u7801&#xff0c;\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u4ee3\u7801\u5b89\u5168\u6027&#xff08;\u4e0d\u6613\u51fa\u9519&#xff09;\u548c\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u5bc6\u5c01\u7c7b\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u9884\u89c8&#xff1a; Java 16 \u518d\u6b21\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86 sealed classes \u7684\u9884\u89c8&#xff0c;\u4e3b\u8981\u6539\u8fdb\u4e86\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5bc6\u5c01\u7ee7\u627f\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u68c0\u67e5&#xff0c;\u66f4\u52a0\u4e25\u683c\u5730\u786e\u4fdd\u5bc6\u5c01\u7ea6\u675f\u3002\u8bed\u6cd5\u5c42\u9762\u4e0eJava 15\u7c7b\u4f3c\u3002\u8be5\u7279\u6027\u5728Java 17\u6210\u4e3a\u6b63\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u6838\u5fc3\u5e93\u589e\u5f3a<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>Vector API (\u5b75\u5316)&#xff1a; Java 16 \u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5168\u65b0\u7684\u5b75\u5316\u6a21\u5757 \u2014\u2014 \u5411\u91cfAPI\u3002\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5728Java\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528 SIMD \u6307\u4ee4\u8fdb\u884c\u5411\u91cf\u5316\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u80fd\u529b&#xff0c;\u53ef\u663e\u8457\u63d0\u5347\u6570\u636e\u5e76\u884c\u5904\u7406\u6027\u80fd\u3002Vector API \u4ee5 jdk.incubator.vector \u6a21\u5757\u63d0\u4f9b&#xff0c;\u5305\u542b\u5411\u91cf\u7b97\u672f\u3001\u63a9\u7801\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b49\u3002\u793a\u4f8b&#xff1a;\u4f7f\u7528 Vector API \u8ba1\u7b97\u4e24\u4e2a\u6d6e\u70b9\u6570\u7ec4\u548c&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token class-name\">FloatVector<\/span> v1 <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">FloatVector<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">fromArray<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">FloatVector<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>SPECIES_256<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> arr1<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">0<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token class-name\">FloatVector<\/span> v2 <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">FloatVector<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">fromArray<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">FloatVector<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>SPECIES_256<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> arr2<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">0<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token class-name\">FloatVector<\/span> vSum <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> v1<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">add<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>v2<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\nvSum<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">intoArray<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>result<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">0<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u5229\u7528CPU\u7684SIMD\u6307\u4ee4\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u5e76\u884c\u52a0\u6cd5\u3002\u867d\u7136Vector API \u5bf9\u4e00\u822c\u5e94\u7528\u4e0d\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u53ef\u89c1\u7684\u53d8\u5316&#xff0c;\u4f46\u5bf9\u6570\u503c\u8ba1\u7b97\u3001\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u5e94\u7528\u6765\u8bf4\u662f\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u5b83\u5728Java 20\u5df2\u5b75\u5316\u5230\u7b2c5\u6b21\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Foreign Memory Access API (\u5b75\u5316)&#xff1a; \u7ee7Java 14\/15 \u7684\u5916\u90e8\u51fd\u6570API\u63a2\u7d22\u540e&#xff0c;Java 16 \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86 \u5916\u90e8\u5185\u5b58\u8bbf\u95ee API \u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u6b21\u5b75\u5316\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a API \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5b89\u5168\u8bbf\u95ee\u5806\u5916\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5&#xff0c;\u5305\u62ec MemorySegment&#xff08;\u8868\u793a\u4e00\u6bb5\u5185\u5b58&#xff09;\u548c MemoryAddress \u7b49\u3002\u4e0e JNI \u4e0d\u540c&#xff0c;\u5b83\u5b8c\u5168\u5728 Java \u5c42\u9762\u64cd\u7eb5\u5185\u5b58&#xff0c;\u53d7\u8bed\u8a00\u5b89\u5168\u68c0\u67e5&#xff0c;\u53ef\u66ff\u4ee3 sun.misc.Unsafe \u7684\u5f88\u591a\u7528\u9014\u3002\u5728Java 16&#xff0c;\u6b64API\u4ecd\u9700\u52a0\u5165&#8211;add-modules jdk.incubator.foreign\u4f7f\u7528&#xff0c;\u4f46\u5b83\u662f Project Panama \u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206&#xff0c;\u6700\u7ec8\u5728Java 17\u9884\u89c8\u3001Java 19\u9884\u89c8&#xff0c;Java 21\u6b63\u5f0f\u63a8\u51fa (JEP 442)\u3002\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f&#xff1a; \u9700\u8981\u4e0e\u672c\u5730\u5185\u5b58\u4ea4\u4e92\u7684\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u4ee3\u7801&#xff0c;\u5982\u8c03\u7528\u672c\u5730\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7f13\u5b58\u3001\u8de8\u8bed\u8a00\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u7b49&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u8be5API\u907f\u514dC\u4ee3\u7801&#xff0c;\u63d0\u5347\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u548c\u5f00\u53d1\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>JDK \u5185\u90e8 API \u5f3a\u5c01\u88c5&#xff1a; Java 16 \u5f00\u542f\u4e86\u5bf9 \u5185\u90e8API\u5f3a\u5c01\u88c5 \u7684\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b65\u3002\u65e9\u5728Java 9\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u65f6&#xff0c;JDK\u5185\u90e8\u975e\u5bfc\u51fa\u5305\u5c31\u4e0d\u5bf9\u5916\u5f00\u653e&#xff0c;\u4f46\u5f53\u65f6\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86 &#8211;illegal-access&#061;permit \u9ed8\u8ba4\u6253\u5f00\u975e\u6cd5\u8bbf\u95ee\u7528\u4e8e\u517c\u5bb9\u65e7\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002Java 16 \u4e2d&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u53d8\u6210 deny&#xff0c;\u5373\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5b8c\u5168\u7981\u6b62\u4e0d\u5408\u6cd5\u7684\u53cd\u5c04\u8bbf\u95ee\u5185\u90e8API&#xff08;\u5982 sun.* \u5305&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u66fe\u7ecf\u7684\u8b66\u544a\u73b0\u5728\u53d8\u6210\u62a5\u9519\u3002\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u65e7\u5e93\u5728\u672a\u8c03\u6574\u4e0b\u65e0\u6cd5\u8fd0\u884c&#xff0c;\u9700\u8981\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u660e\u786e\u4f7f\u7528 &#8211;add-opens \u6253\u5f00\u7279\u5b9a\u5185\u90e8\u5305\u624d\u80fd\u7ee7\u7eed\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b65\u9aa4\u5f3a\u8c03\u4e86\u4f7f\u7528\u6807\u51c6API\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u6566\u4fc3\u751f\u6001\u5b8c\u6210\u5411\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u7684\u8fc7\u6e21\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u5176\u5b83\u5c0f\u6539\u8fdb&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>java.nio.channels \u5305\u73b0\u5728\u652f\u6301 Unix \u57df\u5957\u63a5\u5b57 \u8fde\u63a5&#xff08;JEP 380&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u5305\u62ec\u5728 Windows \u4e0a\u4e5f\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u79cd\u672c\u5730IPC\u901a\u4fe1\u3002\u8fd9\u65b9\u4fbf\u4e86\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u9ad8\u6548\u901a\u4fe1\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u65b0\u7684 java.net.InetAddress \u5b9e\u73b0\u66ff\u6362\u4e86\u65e7\u7684 Inet4Address\/Inet6Address \u53cc\u5b9e\u73b0&#xff0c;\u4f7f\u4ee3\u7801\u66f4\u7b80\u6d01&#xff0c;DNS\u89e3\u6790SPI&#xff08;\u5728Java 18\u5b9e\u73b0&#xff09;\u3002<\/li>\n<li>Stream API \u589e\u52a0\u4e86 Stream.toList() \u9ed8\u8ba4\u65b9\u6cd5&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u662f\u4e2a\u4fbf\u5229\u65b9\u6cd5&#xff0c;\u6548\u679c\u7b49\u540c\u4e8e .collect(Collectors.toList()) \u4f46\u8fd4\u56de\u4e0d\u53ef\u4fee\u6539\u5217\u8868\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u83b7\u53d6\u6d41\u7ed3\u679c\u66f4\u7b80\u6d01\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u5de5\u5177\u4e0e JVM<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>jpackage \u5de5\u5177\u6b63\u5f0f\u53d1\u5e03&#xff1a; \u4e4b\u524d\u5b75\u5316\u7684 jpackage \u5728 Java 16 \u6b63\u5f0f\u52a0\u5165 java.tool \u5de5\u5177\u96c6\u3002\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u73b0\u5728\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528 jpackage \u5c06\u5e94\u7528\u6253\u5305\u4e3a\u5e73\u53f0\u539f\u751f\u5b89\u88c5\u5305&#xff0c;\u652f\u6301Windows\u7684 msi\/exe\u3001macOS\u7684 pkg\u3001Linux\u7684 deb\/rpm \u7b49\u3002\u5b83\u8fd8\u80fd\u5c06\u5e94\u7528\u6240\u9700\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u4e00\u5e76\u6253\u5305&#xff08;\u7528jlink\u6280\u672f&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u8ba9\u7528\u6237\u65e0\u9700\u5b89\u88c5Java\u5373\u53ef\u8fd0\u884c\u3002\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f&#xff1a; \u5236\u4f5c\u684c\u9762\u5e94\u7528\u53d1\u884c\u7248\u65f6&#xff0c;jpackage\u4e00\u7ad9\u5f0f\u89e3\u51b3\u6253\u5305\u548c\u81ea\u5e26JRE\u7684\u95ee\u9898&#xff0c;\u66ff\u4ee3\u4e86\u8fc7\u53bb\u9700\u501f\u52a9Install4j\u7b49\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5de5\u5177\u7684\u5c40\u9762\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u8fc1\u79fb\u81f3 Git\/GitHub&#xff1a; Java 16 \u5b8c\u6210\u4e86 OpenJDK \u6e90\u7801\u4ece Mercurial \u4ed3\u5e93\u8fc1\u79fb\u5230 Git\/GitHub \u7684\u6d41\u7a0b\u3002\u8fd9\u867d\u7136\u5bf9\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u65e0\u76f4\u63a5\u5f71\u54cd&#xff0c;\u4f46\u6807\u5fd7\u7740Java\u793e\u533a\u878d\u5165\u66f4\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u5f00\u6e90\u534f\u4f5c\u5e73\u53f0&#xff0c;\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86\u53c2\u4e0e\u95e8\u69db&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u52a0\u901f\u4e86\u5f00\u53d1\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u73b0\u5728\u53ef\u4ee5\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u5728GitHub\u6d4f\u89c8JDK\u6e90\u7801\u3001\u63d0\u4ea4PR\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Alpine\/Linux AArch64 \u79fb\u690d&#xff1a; Java 16 \u5b98\u65b9\u652f\u6301\u5728 Alpine Linux&#xff08;musl C\u5e93&#xff09;\u4ee5\u53ca Windows\/AArch64 \u5e73\u53f0\u4e0a\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5bf9\u8f7b\u91cf\u5bb9\u5668\u548c ARM \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u652f\u6301\u66f4\u5b8c\u5584\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u73af\u5883\u90e8\u7f72Java\u5e94\u7528&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u662f\u5229\u597d\u6d88\u606f&#xff0c;\u6bd4\u5982\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528OpenJDK 16\u8dd1\u5728 Alpine \u5bb9\u5668\u4e2d\u800c\u65e0\u9700\u4f20\u7edfglibc\u517c\u5bb9\u5c42\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u603b\u7ed3&#xff1a; Java 16 \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u8fc7\u6e21\u7248\u672c\u3002\u5b83\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u82e5\u5e72\u9884\u89c8\u7279\u6027\u7684\u6b63\u5316&#xff08;Records, \u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d&#xff09;\u548cJDK\u5185\u90e8\u91cd\u6784&#xff08;\u5f3a\u5c01\u88c5&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u4f7fJava\u8bed\u8a00\u548c\u5e73\u53f0\u66f4\u52a0\u73b0\u4ee3\u5b89\u5168\u3002\u8bb0\u5f55\u7c7b\u7684\u52a0\u5165\u6539\u53d8\u4e86Java\u5b9a\u4e49\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u4e60\u60ef&#xff0c;\u5927\u5e45\u51cf\u5c11\u6837\u677f\u4ee3\u7801&#xff0c;\u53d7\u5230\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u6b22\u8fce\u3002\u4e0e\u6b64\u540c\u65f6&#xff0c;Java 16 \u5728\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u8ba1\u7b97\u9886\u57df\u5e03\u5c40&#xff1a;Vector API\u548c\u5916\u90e8\u5185\u5b58API\u7684\u5b75\u5316&#xff0c;\u4e3aJava\u8fc8\u5411\u7cfb\u7edf\u7f16\u7a0b\u9886\u57df\u94fa\u5e73\u9053\u8def\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e00\u822c\u5f00\u53d1\u8005&#xff0c;Java 16\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u63d0\u5347\u5728\u4e8e\u66f4\u7b80\u6d01\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u548c\u66f4\u4e00\u81f4\u7684API&#xff0c;\u800c\u5bf9\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7528\u6237&#xff0c;\u5219\u770b\u5230\u4e86Java\u5728\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u5e95\u5c42\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e0a\u7684\u91ce\u5fc3\u3002\u603b\u7684\u6765\u8bf4&#xff0c;Java 16\u7ee7\u7eed\u5e73\u7a33\u6f14\u8fdb&#xff0c;\u4e3a\u5373\u5c06\u5230\u6765\u7684\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2aLTS\u7248\u672c(Java 17)\u505a\u597d\u4e86\u51c6\u5907\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>Java 17 \u65b0\u7279\u6027<\/h3>\n<p>\u53d1\u884c\u65f6\u95f4&#xff1a; 2021 \u5e74 9 \u6708 14 \u65e5 &#xff08;LTS\u957f\u671f\u652f\u6301\u7248&#xff09;<\/p>\n<h4>\u8bed\u8a00\u7279\u6027<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u5bc6\u5c01\u7c7b&#xff08;\u6b63\u5f0f&#xff09;&#xff1a; \u7ee7\u4e24\u8f6e\u9884\u89c8\u540e&#xff0c;Sealed Classes \u5728 Java 17 \u6b63\u5f0f\u6210\u4e3a\u8bed\u8a00\u7279\u6027\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528 sealed \u4fee\u9970\u7c7b\u6216\u63a5\u53e3&#xff0c;\u5e76\u7528 permits \u5b50\u53e5\u5217\u51fa\u5141\u8bb8\u7684\u5b50\u7c7b\/\u5b9e\u73b0\u7c7b\u3002\u6240\u6709\u7ee7\u627f\u8005\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u5217\u51fa\u7684\u7c7b\u578b&#xff0c;\u5426\u5219\u7f16\u8bd1\u62a5\u9519&#xff1b;\u800c\u7ee7\u627f\u8005\u672c\u8eab\u4e5f\u9700\u663e\u5f0f\u58f0\u660e\u4e3a final\u3001sealed \u6216 non-sealed\u3002\u5bc6\u5c01\u7c7b\u4f7f\u5f97\u7c7b\u5c42\u6b21\u7ed3\u6784\u53d8\u5f97\u5c01\u95ed\u4e14\u53ef\u9884\u6d4b\u3002\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f&#xff1a; \u9700\u8981\u63a7\u5236\u7ee7\u627f\u7684\u573a\u666f&#xff0c;\u5982\u5b89\u5168\u6846\u67b6\u53ea\u5e0c\u671b\u7279\u5b9a\u5b50\u7c7b&#xff0c;\u5426\u5219\u629b\u9519&#xff1b;\u6216\u8005\u7528\u5bc6\u5c01\u63a5\u53e3\u52a0\u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u7f16\u8bd1\u671f\u68c0\u67e5\u5339\u914d\u662f\u5426\u7a77\u5c3d\u6240\u6709\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u4f8b\u5982&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">sealed<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">interface<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Shape<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">permits<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Circle<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Rectangle<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Square<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">final<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">class<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Circle<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">implements<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Shape<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">final<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">class<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Rectangle<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">implements<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Shape<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">final<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">class<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Square<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">implements<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Shape<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0a\u63a5\u53e3\u53ea\u6709\u8fd9\u4e09\u79cd\u5b9e\u73b0&#xff0c;\u672a\u6765\u4e5f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u51fa\u73b0\u7b2c4\u79cd&#xff0c;\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u903b\u8f91\u4e0a\u7684\u5b8c\u5907\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Switch \u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d&#xff08;\u9884\u89c8&#xff09;&#xff1a; Java 17 \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86 switch \u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d \u4f5c\u4e3a\u9884\u89c8\u7279\u6027&#xff08;JEP 406&#xff09;\u3002\u5b83\u6269\u5c55\u4e86 switch&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u5bf9\u7c7b\u578b\u8fdb\u884c\u5339\u914d\u3002\u7ed3\u5408\u524d\u8ff0\u5bc6\u5c01\u7c7b&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728 switch \u7684 case \u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u7c7b\u578b\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u4f8b\u5982&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">static<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">String<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">formatShape<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">Shape<\/span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">return<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">switch<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">case<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Circle<\/span> c    <span class=\"token operator\">-&gt;<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;Circle radius&#061;&#034;<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&#043;<\/span> c<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">radius<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">case<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Rectangle<\/span> r <span class=\"token operator\">-&gt;<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;Rectangle w&#061;&#034;<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&#043;<\/span> r<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">width<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">case<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Square<\/span> sq   <span class=\"token operator\">-&gt;<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;Square side&#061;&#034;<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&#043;<\/span> sq<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">side<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">default<\/span>          <span class=\"token operator\">-&gt;<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;Unknown shape&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9884\u89c8\u7279\u6027\u4e2d&#xff0c;switch \u7684 case \u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u5e26\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u7c7b\u578b&#xff08;\u5982 Circle c&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u5339\u914d\u6210\u529f\u5219\u81ea\u52a8\u5c06 s \u8f6c\u578b\u4e3a\u5bf9\u5e94\u7c7b\u578b\u7ed1\u5b9a\u5230 c\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\u5728 switch \u4e0a\u7684\u9996\u6b21\u5c1d\u8bd5\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5bc6\u5c01\u7c7b&#xff0c;\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u8fd8\u80fd\u68c0\u67e5 default \u5206\u652f\u662f\u5426\u5fc5\u8981&#xff08;\u5982\u4e0a\u4f8b\u5982\u7a77\u5c3d\u6240\u6709\u5b50\u7c7b&#xff0c;\u53ef\u7701\u7565default&#xff09;\u3002Switch\u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\u8ba9\u591a\u6001\u5904\u7406\u66f4\u52a0\u7b80\u6d01\u5f3a\u5927&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u8fc7\u8be5\u7279\u6027\u5728Java 17\u4ec5\u9884\u89c8&#xff0c;\u6700\u7ec8\u4e8eJava 19\u6b63\u5f0f\u53d1\u5e03\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u6838\u5fc3\u5e93<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u589e\u5f3a\u7684\u4f2a\u968f\u673a\u6570\u751f\u6210\u5668&#xff1a; Java 17 \u901a\u8fc7 JEP 356 \u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u65b0\u7684 \u968f\u673a\u6570\u751f\u6210\u5668\u63a5\u53e3\u548c\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u62ec&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u65b0\u63a5\u53e3 RandomGenerator \u7edf\u4e00\u4e86\u968f\u673a\u6570\u7c7b\u7684\u62bd\u8c61&#xff0c;java.util.Random\u3001SplittableRandom\u3001ThreadLocalRandom \u90fd\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u8be5\u63a5\u53e3\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u79cd\u65b0\u7b97\u6cd5\u5b9e\u73b0&#xff0c;\u5982 Xoroshiro128Plus, SplitMix64, L128X256MixRandom \u7b49&#xff0c;\u653e\u5728 java.util.random \u5305\u4e0b&#xff0c;\u5b83\u4eec\u5404\u6709\u7279\u70b9&#xff0c;\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u968f\u673a\u8d28\u91cf\u8f83\u4f20\u7edf Random \u66f4\u597d\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u589e\u52a0\u4e86 RandomGeneratorFactory&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u679a\u4e3e\u548c\u521b\u5efa\u4e0d\u540c\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u968f\u673a\u6570\u751f\u6210\u5668\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f&#xff1a; \u79d1\u5b66\u8ba1\u7b97\u3001\u4eff\u771f\u3001\u6e38\u620f\u7b49\u9700\u8981\u9ad8\u8d28\u91cf\u968f\u673a\u6570\u7684\u9886\u57df&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b0\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u4f8b\u5982&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token class-name\">RandomGenerator<\/span> rand <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">RandomGenerator<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">of<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;L128X256MixRandom&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> n <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> rand<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">nextInt<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u6837\u83b7\u53d6\u7684\u968f\u673a\u6570\u5728\u7edf\u8ba1\u8d28\u91cf\u548c\u901f\u5ea6\u4e0a\u90fd\u4f1a\u4f18\u4e8e\u4f20\u7edf\u7684 java.util.Random\u3002\u6b64\u5916\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u8ba9\u4ee3\u7801\u66f4\u7075\u6d3b&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e0d\u6539\u53d8\u4ee3\u7801\u903b\u8f91\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u5207\u6362\u4e0d\u540c\u751f\u6210\u5668\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u8de8\u5e73\u53f0\u6e32\u67d3\u7ba1\u7ebf&#xff1a; \u9488\u5bf9 macOS \u5e73\u53f0&#xff0c;JEP 382 \u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u57fa\u4e8e Metal \u7684 Java 2D \u6e32\u67d3\u7ba1\u7ebf\u66ff\u4ee3\u539f\u5148\u7684 OpenGL \u7ba1\u7ebf\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u5728Apple\u5f03\u7528OpenGL\u540e&#xff0c;Java\u7684GUI\u6e32\u67d3\u8fd8\u80fd\u7ee7\u7eed\u9ad8\u6548\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4f7f\u7528 Swing\/JavaFX \u7684\u684c\u9762\u5e94\u7528\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u8fc7\u5bf9\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5f00\u53d1\u65e0\u76f4\u63a5\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u5f03\u7528\u5b89\u5168\u7ba1\u7406\u5668&#xff1a; Java 17 \u5c06\u4e45\u672a\u66f4\u65b0\u7684 Security Manager \u6807\u8bb0\u4e3a\u5f03\u7528&#xff0c;\u5c06\u6765\u7248\u672c\u4e2d\u4f1a\u79fb\u9664&#xff08;JEP 411&#xff09;\u3002\u5b89\u5168\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u66fe\u7528\u4e8e\u9650\u5236Java\u4ee3\u7801\u6743\u9650&#xff08;\u6c99\u7bb1\u673a\u5236&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u4f46\u7531\u4e8e\u8bbe\u8ba1\u8fc7\u4e8e\u590d\u6742\u4e14\u5f88\u5c11\u4f7f\u7528&#xff0c;\u73b0\u5728\u51b3\u5b9a\u5e9f\u5f03\u3002\u540e\u7eed\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u7ec6\u7c92\u5ea6\u5b89\u5168\u63a7\u5236&#xff0c;\u4f1a\u91c7\u7528\u66f4\u73b0\u4ee3\u7684\u6280\u672f&#xff08;\u5982\u57fa\u4e8e\u5bb9\u5668\u7684\u9694\u79bb&#xff09;\u3002\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f&#xff0c;\u67d0\u4e9b\u4f9d\u8d56\u5b89\u5168\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u7684\u5e93&#xff08;\u4f8b\u5982\u4e00\u4e9b\u8001\u7684\u6d4b\u5e93\u6216Applets\u76f8\u5173\u4ee3\u7801&#xff09;\u672a\u6765\u53ef\u80fd\u65e0\u6cd5\u4f7f\u7528&#xff0c;\u9700\u8981\u53ca\u65e9\u5bfb\u627e\u66ff\u4ee3\u65b9\u6848\u3002Java 24 \u4e2d\u5df2\u5b8c\u5168\u7981\u6b62\u542f\u7528 Security Manager\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u79fb\u9664 RMI \u6fc0\u6d3b\u673a\u5236&#xff1a; Java 17 \u5220\u9664\u4e86\u8fdc\u7a0b\u65b9\u6cd5\u8c03\u7528&#xff08;RMI&#xff09;\u4e2d\u51e0\u4e4e\u4e0d\u7528\u7684\u6fc0\u6d3b\u673a\u5236&#xff08;JEP 407&#xff09;\u3002RMI Activation \u5141\u8bb8\u8fdc\u7a0b\u5bf9\u8c61\u6309\u9700\u542f\u52a8&#xff0c;\u4f46\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e2d\u5c11\u6709\u7528\u5230\u4e14\u5b58\u5728\u7ef4\u62a4\u6210\u672c&#xff0c;\u6545\u4e88\u4ee5\u5220\u9664\u3002\u666e\u901a\u7684RMI\u529f\u80fd\u4ecd\u53ef\u7528&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u53d7\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>context-specific Deserialization Filters&#xff1a; \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u9488\u5bf9\u53cd\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u65b0\u8fc7\u6ee4API&#xff08;JEP 415&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u5141\u8bb8\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u8bbe\u7f6e\u53cd\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u8fc7\u6ee4\u89c4\u5219&#xff0c;\u4ece\u800c\u9632\u5fa1\u53cd\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u6f0f\u6d1e\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u53ef\u4ee5\u9488\u5bf9\u67d0\u6b21ObjectInputStream\u9650\u5b9a\u53ef\u63a5\u53d7\u7c7b\u7684\u767d\u540d\u5355&#xff0c;\u589e\u5f3a\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5f00\u53d1\u9700\u8981\u53cd\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u4e0d\u53d7\u4fe1\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981&#xff0c;\u662fJava\u5b89\u5168\u52a0\u56fa\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u6027\u80fd\u4e0e\u5185\u90e8<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u6c38\u4e45\u6027\u5f3a\u5c01\u88c5 JDK \u5185\u90e8&#xff1a; \u4e0a\u6587Java 16\u90e8\u5206\u63d0\u5230&#xff0c;Java 17 \u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u5185\u90e8 API \u5c01\u88c5\u7684\u6700\u540e\u5de5\u4f5c&#xff0c;\u5c06\u975e\u6cd5\u53cd\u5c04\u8bbf\u95ee\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7981\u6b62\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u8bb8\u591a\u4ee5\u524d\u6253\u5370\u8b66\u544a\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u5728Java 17\u4e0b\u4f1a\u76f4\u63a5\u62a5\u9519\u9000\u51fa\u3002\u8fd9\u8981\u6c42\u5404\u79cd\u6846\u67b6\u5347\u7ea7\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5b98\u65b9\u652f\u6301\u7684API\u3002\u4f8b\u5982ByteBuddy\u3001cglib\u4e4b\u7c7b\u90fd\u5df2\u53d1\u5e03\u65b0\u7248\u9002\u914d&#xff0c;\u5426\u5219\u53ef\u80fd\u65e0\u6cd5\u5728Java 17\u8fd0\u884c\u3002\u5982\u679c\u9047\u5230\u56e0\u65e0\u6cd5\u8bbf\u95eesun.misc\u7b49\u5185\u90e8\u7c7b\u800c\u62a5\u9519&#xff0c;\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7&#8211;add-opens\u6682\u65f6\u5f00\u653e\u5bf9\u5e94\u6a21\u5757\u5305\u7ed9\u76f8\u5173\u5e93&#xff0c;\u4f46\u8fd9\u53ea\u662f\u8fc7\u6e21\u65b9\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u79fb\u9664\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6027 AOT\/JIT \u7f16\u8bd1\u5668&#xff1a; Java 17 \u79fb\u9664\u4e86 JDK 9 \u5f15\u5165\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c AOT \u7f16\u8bd1\u5668&#xff08;jaotc&#xff09;\u548c JIT \u7f16\u8bd1\u5668 Graal&#xff08;JEP 410&#xff09;\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u529f\u80fd\u5728\u5b9e\u9a8c\u9636\u6bb5\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0d\u5e7f\u6cdb&#xff0c;\u5e76\u51b3\u5b9a\u901a\u8fc7\u5916\u90e8\u9879\u76ee&#xff08;\u5982Gra\u0430lVM&#xff09;\u7ee7\u7eed\u53d1\u5c55&#xff0c;\u800c\u4e0d\u653e\u5728JDK\u4e2d\u4e86\u3002\u5bf9\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7528\u6237\u6ca1\u6709\u5f71\u54cd&#xff0c;\u56e0\u4e3a\u9ed8\u8ba4HotSpot C1\/C2\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u4ecd\u4fdd\u7559\u4e14\u6027\u80fd\u826f\u597d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u9002\u914d\u4e0e\u751f\u6001<\/h4>\n<p>\u4f5c\u4e3aLTS\u7248\u672c&#xff0c;Java 17 \u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u5404\u5927\u6846\u67b6\u548c\u5e93\u7684\u5feb\u901f\u652f\u6301\u3002Spring Boot 3 \u5c31\u8981\u6c42\u6700\u4f4eJava 17\u8fd0\u884c\u3002\u76f8\u8f83Java 11&#xff0c;Java 17\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u66f4\u597d&#xff08;Record, Pattern Matching\u7b49&#xff09;\u5e76\u4e14\u6027\u80fd\u6709\u6240\u63d0\u5347&#xff08;\u5982\u66f4\u597d\u7684GC\u9009\u62e9\u548c\u66f4\u4f18\u7684\u968f\u673a\u6570\u751f\u6210\u5668&#xff09;\u3002\u8fc1\u79fb\u5230Java 17\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u4ee5\u4e0b&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u68c0\u67e5\u5e76\u66ff\u6362\u5bf9\u5185\u90e8API\u7684\u975e\u6cd5\u8c03\u7528&#xff0c;\u6216\u5728\u542f\u52a8\u811a\u672c\u4e2d\u52a0\u5165\u5bf9\u5e94&#8211;add-opens\u53c2\u6570\u4ee5\u4fdd\u6301\u517c\u5bb9\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u786e\u8ba4\u6240\u7528\u4e09\u65b9\u5e93\u5df2\u517c\u5bb9Java 17&#xff08;\u591a\u6570\u6d41\u884c\u5e93\u5982Netty\u3001Spring\u7b49\u90fd\u5df2\u652f\u6301&#xff09;\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5145\u5206\u5229\u7528\u65b0\u7279\u6027\u63d0\u5347\u4ee3\u7801\u8d28\u91cf&#xff0c;\u5982\u7528Record\u4ee3\u66ff\u5197\u957f\u7684POJO&#xff0c;\u5bc6\u5c01\u7c7b\u7ea6\u675f\u7ee7\u627f\u5173\u7cfb\u7b49\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u603b\u7ed3&#xff1a; Java 17 \u662f\u7ee7Java 11\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u53c8\u4e00\u4e2a\u957f\u671f\u652f\u6301\u7248\u672c&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u662f\u201c\u73b0\u4ee3Java\u201d\u529f\u80fd\u96c6\u7684\u5927\u6210\u8005\u3002\u5bc6\u5c01\u7c7b\u3001Record\u3001Pattern Matching\u8fd9\u4e9bJava\u8fd1\u5e74\u63a8\u51fa\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u7cd6\u5728\u6b64\u5168\u90e8\u7a33\u56fa\u4e0b\u6765\u3002\u5b83\u6781\u5927\u5730\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86Java\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u6548\u7387\u548c\u8868\u8fbe\u529b&#xff0c;\u8ba9Java\u4ee3\u7801\u66f4\u52a0\u7b80\u6d01\u3001\u7c7b\u578b\u66f4\u52a0\u5b89\u5168\u53ef\u63a7\u3002\u5728JDK\u5e95\u5c42&#xff0c;Java 17 \u6e05\u7406\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u5386\u53f2\u9057\u7559&#xff08;\u5982\u5b89\u5168\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u3001\u8001\u7684RMI\u5b50\u7cfb\u7edf\u7b49&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u5e76\u4f18\u5316\u4e86Randome API\u7b49\u57fa\u7840\u5e93\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8ba1\u5212\u957f\u671f\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u9879\u76ee&#xff0c;Java 17 \u65e0\u7591\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7406\u60f3\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u3002Java 17\u53d1\u5e03\u540e&#xff0c;Java\u793e\u533a\u8fdb\u5165\u534a\u5e74\u53d1\u5e03\u7684\u65b0\u5e38\u6001&#xff0c;\u4f46\u6709\u4e86LTS\u4fdd\u969c&#xff0c;\u4f01\u4e1a\u4e5f\u80fd\u6bcf\u9694\u51e0\u5e74\u6765\u4e00\u6b21\u5e73\u6ed1\u5347\u7ea7\u4ee5\u4eab\u53d7\u65b0\u7279\u6027\u7ea2\u5229\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>Java 18 \u65b0\u7279\u6027<\/h3>\n<p>\u53d1\u884c\u65f6\u95f4&#xff1a; 2022 \u5e74 3 \u6708<\/p>\n<h4>\u5e73\u53f0\u4e0e\u6027\u80fd<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5b57\u7b26\u96c6 UTF-8&#xff1a; Java 18 \u901a\u8fc7 JEP 400 \u5c06\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5b57\u7b26\u96c6\u7edf\u4e00\u4e3a UTF-8\u3002\u4e4b\u524d&#xff0c;Charset.defaultCharset() \u4f1a\u6839\u636e\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edflocale\u8fd4\u56de\u672c\u5730\u7f16\u7801&#xff08;\u4f8b\u5982\u4e2d\u6587Windows\u901a\u5e38\u662fGBK&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u8de8\u5e73\u53f0\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002Java 18 \u8d77&#xff0c;\u65e0\u8bba\u5728\u54ea\u8fd0\u884c&#xff0c;\u9ed8\u8ba4Charset\u4e00\u5f8b\u662fUTF-8\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4e0d\u6307\u5b9a\u7f16\u7801\u65f6&#xff08;\u5982\u4f7f\u7528 FileReader \u9ed8\u8ba4\u6784\u9020&#xff09;\u90fd\u4ee5UTF-8\u8bfb\u5199\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u8fd9\u5bf9\u591a\u8bed\u8a00\u5e94\u7528\u3001\u8de8\u5e73\u53f0\u7a0b\u5e8f\u662f\u91cd\u5927\u5229\u597d&#xff0c;\u907f\u514d\u4e86\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u4e71\u7801\u95ee\u9898**&#xff08;\u4f18\u70b9&#xff09;**\u3002\u4f46\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u5982\u679c\u6709\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f9d\u8d56\u4ee5\u524d\u5e73\u53f0\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7f16\u7801&#xff0c;\u9700\u8981\u663e\u5f0f\u6307\u5b9a\u56de\u539f\u7f16\u7801&#xff0c;\u5426\u5219\u53ef\u80fd\u884c\u4e3a\u6539\u53d8\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u7b80\u5355\u7684Web\u670d\u52a1\u5668&#xff1a; JDK 18 \u5185\u7f6e\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u7eafJava\u5b9e\u73b0HTTP\u6587\u4ef6\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u53ea\u9700\u8fd0\u884c\u547d\u4ee4 jwebserver \u5373\u53ef\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u542f\u52a8\u4e00\u4e2a\u9759\u6001\u6587\u4ef6\u670d\u52a1&#xff0c;\u9ed8\u8ba4\u76d1\u542c\u672c\u57308000\u7aef\u53e3\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2aWeb\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4ec5\u652f\u6301\u9759\u6001\u6587\u4ef6&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u652f\u6301CGI\u3001Servlet\u7b49\u52a8\u6001\u5185\u5bb9&#xff0c;\u4f46\u975e\u5e38\u9002\u5408\u4e34\u65f6\u5171\u4eab\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u524d\u7aef\u5f00\u53d1\u8fdb\u884c\u5feb\u901f\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7 API (com.sun.net.httpserver.SimpleFileServer) \u5728\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u542f\u52a8\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b9e\u4f8b\u3002\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f&#xff1a; \u4f8b\u5982\u8981\u5feb\u901f\u67e5\u770b\u67d0\u4e2aHTML\u6587\u4ef6\u6548\u679c&#xff0c;\u53ea\u9700 jwebserver \u5373\u53ef&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u5fc5\u5b89\u88c5\u989d\u5916\u8f6f\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u6838\u5fc3\u7c7b\u91cd\u6784&#xff08;MethodHandle\u5b9e\u73b0&#xff09;&#xff1a; JEP 416 \u7528 Method Handle \u91cd\u5199\u4e86 Java \u6838\u5fc3\u53cd\u5c04\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u539f\u5148\u8bf8\u5982 Class::forName\u3001Method::invoke \u7b49\u5e95\u5c42\u7531JVM C&#043;&#043;\u4ee3\u7801\u5904\u7406&#xff0c;\u73b0\u5728\u90e8\u5206\u6539\u7531Java\u5b9e\u73b0&#xff0c;\u4ee5\u63d0\u5347\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u6539\u52a8\u5bf9\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u900f\u660e&#xff0c;\u884c\u4e3a\u6ca1\u6709\u53d8\u5316&#xff0c;\u4f46\u4f53\u73b0\u51faOpenJDK\u6e10\u8fdb\u7528\u66f4\u9ad8\u7ea7\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f18\u5316\u5e95\u5c42\u7684\u601d\u8def\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u65b0\u7279\u6027\u548cAPI<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u4ee3\u7801\u6bb5&#xff08;Snippet&#xff09;\u6807\u7b7e for JavaDoc&#xff1a; JEP 413 \u4e3a JavaDoc \u6587\u6863\u5f15\u5165\u4e86 &lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; \u98ce\u683c\u7684 \u4ee3\u7801\u7247\u6bb5\u6ce8\u91ca\u3002\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6ce8\u91ca\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528 &#096;&#096;&#096;java \u6807\u8bb0\u548c {&#064;snippet} \u7b49\u6807\u7b7e\u6765\u63d2\u5165\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b&#xff0c;JavaDoc \u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u9ad8\u4eae\u548c\u7f16\u53f7\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u8fd9\u6bd4\u4ee5\u524d\u9700\u8981\u624b\u5de5\u4f7f\u7528HTML &lt;pre&gt; \u6807\u8bb0\u66f4\u65b9\u4fbf&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u8f6c\u4e49\u7684\u9ebb\u70e6\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u64b0\u5199API\u6587\u6863\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u6765\u8bf4&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u6587\u6863\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Vector API \u7b2c\u4e09\u6b21\u5b75\u5316&#xff1a; Java 18 \u4e2d Vector API \u8fdb\u5165\u7b2c3\u8f6e\u5b75\u5316\u3002\u76f8\u6bd4Java 16\u7248\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u6027\u80fd\u548cAPI\u4f18\u5316\u3002\u4f9d\u7136\u9700\u8981&#8211;add-modules jdk.incubator.vector\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u503c\u5f97\u4e00\u63d0\u7684\u662f&#xff0c;\u968f\u7740\u5b75\u5316\u6b21\u6570\u589e\u52a0&#xff0c;Vector API \u6b63\u8d8b\u4e8e\u6210\u719f&#xff0c;\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u5b9e\u73b0CPU SIMD\u6307\u4ee4\u53ef\u88abJava\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u76f4\u63a5\u5229\u7528\u4ee5\u83b7\u5f97\u672c\u5730\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u5730\u5740\u89e3\u6790 SPI&#xff1a; JEP 418 \u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u63d2\u62d4\u7684 \u540d\u79f0\u89e3\u6790\u670d\u52a1\u63a5\u53e3\u3002\u8fd9\u5141\u8bb8\u5e94\u7528\u66ff\u6362JDK\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684DNS\u89e3\u6790\u5668&#xff0c;\u4f8b\u5982\u4f7f\u7528\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49DNS\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6216\u5b9e\u73b0\u7279\u6b8a\u89e3\u6790\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u5bf9\u5927\u591a\u6570\u5e94\u7528\u800c\u8a00\u7528\u4e0d\u5230&#xff0c;\u4f46\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u7f51\u7edc\u9694\u79bb\u6216\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u89e3\u6790\u73af\u5883\u5f88\u6709\u7528&#xff0c;\u6bd4\u5982\u5c06Java\u5e94\u7528\u7684DNS\u89e3\u6790\u5b9a\u5411\u5230\u5e94\u7528\u5185\u90e8\u670d\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u5916\u90e8\u51fd\u6570 &amp; \u5185\u5b58 API \u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u5b75\u5316&#xff1a; Java 18 \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86 Panama \u9879\u76ee Foreign Function &amp; Memory API \u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7248\u5b75\u5316 (JEP 419)\u3002\u5b83\u5305\u62ec MemorySegment\u3001MemoryAddress\u3001CLinker \u7b49&#xff0c;\u7ee7\u7eed\u8ba9Java\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u5b89\u5168\u5730\u8bbf\u95ee\u672c\u5730\u5185\u5b58\u5e76\u8c03\u7528\u672c\u5730\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u548cJava 17\u91cc\u7684Incubator\u76f8\u6bd4&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u6b21\u5b75\u5316\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5b8c\u5584\u4e86API\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3002\u867d\u7136\u4ecd\u975e\u6b63\u5f0f&#xff0c;\u4f46\u5df2\u7ecf\u6709\u4e0d\u5c11\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u5c1d\u8bd5\u7528\u5b83\u8c03\u7528\u672c\u5730C\u5e93\u800c\u4e0d\u7528JNI\u3002\u968f\u7740\u8fd9\u4e00API\u7684\u6210\u719f&#xff0c;Java\u6709\u671b\u5728\u540e\u7eed\u7248\u672c\u91cc\u8de8\u5165\u7cfb\u7edf\u7f16\u7a0b\u9886\u57df&#xff0c;\u8be5API\u6700\u7ec8\u5728Java 21\u6b63\u5f0f\u53d1\u5e03\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Switch \u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u9884\u89c8&#xff1a; \u8ddf\u968fJava 17\u7684\u9996\u6b21\u9884\u89c8&#xff0c;Java 18 \u7684 JEP 420 \u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86 switch \u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d \u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u9884\u89c8&#xff0c;\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e0a\u65e0\u5927\u53d8\u5316&#xff0c;\u53ea\u662f\u6839\u636e\u53cd\u9988\u8c03\u6574\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u7ec6\u8282\u3002\u4f8b\u5982&#xff0c;\u5728\u589e\u5f3a Exhaustiveness&#xff08;\u7a77\u5c3d\u68c0\u67e5&#xff09;\u65b9\u9762\u6709\u6240\u6539\u8fdb\u3002\u5f53\u4f7f\u7528\u5bc6\u5c01\u7c7b\u65f6&#xff0c;\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u80fd\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u786e\u5b9a\u662f\u5426\u9700\u8981 default \u5206\u652f\u3002\u8fd9\u9879\u7279\u6027\u6700\u7ec8\u5728Java 19\u5b8c\u6210\u9884\u89c8\u5e76\u5728Java 21\u6b63\u5f0f\u63a8\u51fa\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u5f03\u7528\u7ec8\u7ed3\u5668 Finalization&#xff1a; \u867d\u7136Java 9\u5f00\u59cb\u5c31\u4e0d\u63a8\u8350\u4f7f\u7528 finalize() \u65b9\u6cd5\u505a\u6e05\u7406\u64cd\u4f5c&#xff0c;\u4f46\u76f4\u5230Java 18 \u624d\u901a\u8fc7 JEP 421 \u6b63\u5f0f\u5c06 \u7ec8\u7ed3\u5668 \u6807\u8bb0\u4e3a\u5e9f\u5f03\u4ee5\u79fb\u9664\u3002\u672a\u6765\u7684Java\u7248\u672c\u5c06\u5f7b\u5e95\u79fb\u9664\u7ec8\u7ed3\u5668\u673a\u5236&#xff0c;\u8f6c\u800c\u63a8\u8350 Cleaner \u7b49\u66f4\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u6e05\u7406\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u7ec8\u7ed3\u5668\u7531\u4e8e\u4e0d\u53ef\u9884\u77e5\u7684\u6267\u884c\u65f6\u673a\u548c\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u3001\u5b89\u5168\u95ee\u9898&#xff0c;\u4e00\u76f4\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u4e0d\u826f\u5b9e\u8df5&#xff0c;\u6b64\u4e3e\u7763\u4fc3\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u5c3d\u65e9\u79fb\u9664 finalize \u7684\u7528\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u5b89\u5168\u4e0e\u5bc6\u7801<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7981\u6b62\u5f31\u7b97\u6cd5&#xff1a; Java 18 \u5728\u5b89\u5168\u65b9\u9762\u4e5f\u505a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u66f4\u65b0&#xff0c;\u4f8b\u5982\u7981\u7528\u4e86 TLS 1.0 \u548c 1.1 \u534f\u8bae\u9ed8\u8ba4\u652f\u6301\u3001\u66f4\u4e25\u683c\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4fe1\u4efb\u5e93\u7b49\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53d8\u66f4\u867d\u4e0d\u663e\u8457\u4f46\u4f53\u73b0\u4e86Java\u5e73\u53f0\u5b89\u5168\u7b56\u7565\u4e0e\u65f6\u4ff1\u8fdb\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u603b\u7ed3&#xff1a; Java 18 \u65b0\u7279\u6027\u76f8\u5bf9\u8f83\u5c11&#xff0c;\u800c\u4e14\u5f88\u591a\u662f\u9884\u89c8\u6216\u5b75\u5316&#xff08;Vector\u3001\u5916\u90e8\u5185\u5b58\u3001switch\u6a21\u5f0f&#xff09;\u3002\u6700\u5927\u7684\u201c\u663e\u6027\u201d\u53d8\u5316\u5bf9\u666e\u901a\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u6765\u8bf4\u83ab\u8fc7\u4e8e\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7f16\u7801UTF-8\u548c\u5185\u7f6e\u7b80\u6613Web\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002UTF-8\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6d88\u9664\u4e86\u957f\u671f\u4ee5\u6765\u8de8\u5e73\u53f0\u7f16\u7801\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u95ee\u9898&#xff0c;\u8ba9Java\u66f4\u8d34\u5408\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4ea4\u6362\u6807\u51c6\u3002jwebserver\u5219\u4f53\u73b0\u51faJava\u5bf9\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u4f53\u9a8c\u7684\u91cd\u89c6&#xff0c;\u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u5c0f\u7684\u5de5\u5177&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u80fd\u53d1\u6325\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u5728\u5e95\u5c42\u6027\u80fd\u4e0a&#xff0c;Java 18 \u7ee7\u7eed\u63a8\u8fdbPanama\u548cVector\u7b49&#xff0c;\u4f7fJava\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u7f16\u7a0b\u548c\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u8ba1\u7b97\u4e0a\u66f4\u5177\u7ade\u4e89\u529b\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u975eLTS\u7248\u672c&#xff0c;Java 18 \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u8ba9\u793e\u533a\u8bd5\u6c34\u65b0\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u5e73\u53f0&#xff0c;\u5176\u53cd\u9988\u5c06\u4f5c\u7528\u4e8e\u540e\u7eed\u7684Java 19\u548c21\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>Java 19 \u65b0\u7279\u6027<\/h3>\n<p>\u53d1\u884c\u65f6\u95f4&#xff1a; 2022 \u5e74 9 \u6708<\/p>\n<h4>\u5e76\u53d1\u4e0e\u865a\u62df\u7ebf\u7a0b<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u865a\u62df\u7ebf\u7a0b&#xff08;\u9884\u89c8&#xff09;&#xff1a; Java 19 \u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u5907\u53d7\u671f\u5f85\u7684 \u865a\u62df\u7ebf\u7a0b&#xff08;Virtual Threads&#xff09;\u9884\u89c8&#xff08;JEP 425&#xff09;\u3002\u865a\u62df\u7ebf\u7a0b\u662f\u7531JVM\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7\u7ebf\u7a0b&#xff0c;\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u201c\u7ea4\u7a0b\u201d\u7684\u6982\u5ff5&#xff0c;\u6bcf\u4e2a\u865a\u62df\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7531\u591a\u4e2a\u865a\u62df\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u4e00\u4e2aOS\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6267\u884c&#xff0c;\u8c03\u5ea6\u7531JVM\u8d1f\u8d23\u3002\u521b\u5efa\u865a\u62df\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u6210\u672c\u548c\u5185\u5b58\u5360\u7528\u90fd\u975e\u5e38\u4f4e&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u521b\u5efa\u6570\u5341\u4e07\u8ba1\u7ebf\u7a0b\u800c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u50cf\u5e73\u53f0\u7ebf\u7a0b\u90a3\u6837\u8017\u5c3d\u8d44\u6e90**&#xff08;\u4f18\u70b9&#xff09;**\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e0a&#xff0c;Java 19 \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7b80\u5316\u7684 API&#xff0c;\u4f8b\u5982&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token class-name\">Thread<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">startVirtualThread<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">-&gt;<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u865a\u62df\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6267\u884c\u7684\u4ee3\u7801<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token class-name\">System<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>out<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">println<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;Hello from a virtual thread&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u6216\u901a\u8fc7 Executors.newVirtualThreadPerTaskExecutor() \u521b\u5efa\u865a\u62df\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u6267\u884c\u5668\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8eIO\u963b\u585e\u64cd\u4f5c&#xff0c;\u865a\u62df\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5728\u7b49\u5f85\u65f6\u4f1a\u8ba9\u51fa\u5e95\u5c42OS\u7ebf\u7a0b&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u4f1a\u201c\u56fa\u5b9a\u201d\u5360\u7528\u5b83\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1IO\u573a\u666f\u4e0b&#xff0c;\u4f7f\u7528\u865a\u62df\u7ebf\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u5927\u5e45\u63d0\u5347\u541e\u5410&#xff0c;\u800c\u7f16\u7a0b\u6a21\u578b\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u540c\u6b65\u4ee3\u7801&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u590d\u6742\u7684Async\u6846\u67b6\u3002\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f&#xff1a; \u7279\u522b\u9002\u5408\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u5904\u7406\u5927\u91cf\u5e76\u53d1\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u573a\u666f&#xff08;\u5982Web\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3001\u804a\u5929\u670d\u52a1\u5668&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u8fc7\u53bb\u7528\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60&#043;\u5f02\u6b65&#xff0c;\u73b0\u5728\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e00\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e00\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e14\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6570\u975e\u5e38\u591a\u5374\u65e0\u660e\u663e\u6027\u80fd\u635f\u5931\u3002\u865a\u62df\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5728Java 19\u4e3a\u9884\u89c8&#xff0c;\u9700\u8981 &#8211;enable-preview \u5f00\u542f&#xff0c;\u5e76\u5728Java 21\u6b63\u5f0f\u53d1\u5e03&#xff08;JEP 444&#xff09;\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u5e76\u53d1&#xff08;\u5b75\u5316&#xff09;&#xff1a; \u968f\u7740\u865a\u62df\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5f15\u5165&#xff0c;Java 19 \u8fd8\u5b75\u5316\u4e86 \u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u5e76\u53d1 API&#xff08;Structured Concurrency&#xff0c;JEP 428&#xff09;\u3002\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b StructuredTaskScope \u7c7b&#xff0c;\u5e2e\u52a9\u628a\u4e00\u7ec4\u5173\u8054\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u63d0\u4ea4\u5230\u591a\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5e76\u6c47\u603b\u7ed3\u679c&#xff0c;\u65b9\u4fbf\u4ee5\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u542f\u52a8\u5e76\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c\u5e76\u5728\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u7ed3\u675f\u65f6\u81ea\u52a8\u7ba1\u7406\u7ebf\u7a0b\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u3002\u4f8b\u5982&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">try<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">var<\/span> scope <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">StructuredTaskScope<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>ShutdownOnFailure<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token class-name\">Future<\/span><span class=\"token generics\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">String<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span> user <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> scope<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">fork<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">-&gt;<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">fetchUser<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token class-name\">Future<\/span><span class=\"token generics\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">String<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span> order <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> scope<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">fork<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">-&gt;<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">fetchOrder<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    scope<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">join<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span>           <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u7b49\u5f85\u6240\u6709\u4efb\u52a1\u5b8c\u6210<\/span><br \/>\n    scope<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">throwIfFailed<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span>  <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u82e5\u6709\u4efb\u52a1\u5f02\u5e38\u5219\u629b\u51fa<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u83b7\u53d6\u7ed3\u679c<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token class-name\">String<\/span> userInfo <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> user<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">resultNow<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token class-name\">String<\/span> orderInfo <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> order<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">resultNow<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u4f7f\u5f97\u5e76\u884c\u4efb\u52a1\u50cf\u5c40\u90e8\u4ee3\u7801\u5757\u4e00\u6837\u7ba1\u7406&#xff0c;\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u907f\u514d\u9057\u7559\u7ebf\u7a0b\u65e0\u6cd5\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00API\u4ecd\u5728\u5b75\u5316\u9636\u6bb5&#xff08;\u9700\u663e\u5f0f\u52a0\u5165 jdk.incubator.concurrent&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u6700\u7ec8\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u7b80\u5316\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u7ec4\u7ec7&#xff0c;\u63d0\u9ad8\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u8bed\u8a00\u548c\u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u8bb0\u5f55\u6a21\u5f0f&#xff08;\u9884\u89c8&#xff09;&#xff1a; Java 19 \u5f15\u5165 Record Patterns \u9884\u89c8&#xff08;JEP 405&#xff09;\u3002\u5b83\u5141\u8bb8\u5728\u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\u4e2d\u5bf9 \u8bb0\u5f55\u7c7b \u8fdb\u884c\u89e3\u6784\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u6709\u8bb0\u5f55\u7c7b Point(int x, int y)&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd9\u6837\u5339\u914d&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token class-name\">Object<\/span> obj <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Point<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token number\">3<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">5<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">if<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>obj <span class=\"token keyword\">instanceof<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Point<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> x<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> y<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token class-name\">System<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>out<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">println<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;x&#061;&#034;<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&#043;<\/span> x <span class=\"token operator\">&#043;<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;, y&#061;&#034;<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&#043;<\/span> y<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u91cc instanceof Point(int x, int y) \u5c31\u662f\u8bb0\u5f55\u6a21\u5f0f&#xff0c;\u5b83\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5224\u65ad obj \u662f\u5426\u4e3a Point&#xff0c;\u8fd8\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5c06\u5185\u90e8\u7684 x,y \u89e3\u6784\u51fa\u6765\u8d4b\u7ed9\u65b0\u7684\u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf\u3002Record Patterns \u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5d4c\u5957\u4f7f\u7528&#xff0c;\u7528\u4e8e\u590d\u6742\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u5339\u914d\u3002\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f&#xff1a; \u914d\u5408\u5bc6\u5c01\u7c7b\u548cswitch&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u975e\u5e38\u7b80\u6d01\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5904\u7406\u9012\u5f52\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u6216\u7ec4\u5408\u6570\u636e\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u5339\u914d\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b\u4e24\u4e2a\u70b9\u7684 Line \u8bb0\u5f55&#xff1a;case Line(Point(int x1, int y1), Point(int x2, int y2)) -&gt; &#8230;\u3002\u8bb0\u5f55\u6a21\u5f0f\u5728Java 19\u4e3a\u9884\u89c8&#xff0c;Java 20\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u9884\u89c8&#xff0c;Java 21\u6b63\u5f0f\u53d1\u5e03\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Switch \u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\u7b2c\u4e09\u6b21\u9884\u89c8&#xff1a; Java 19 \u7684 switch \u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d&#xff08;JEP 427&#xff09;\u8fdb\u5165\u7b2c3\u8f6e\u9884\u89c8\u3002\u6b64\u6b21\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u4e0erecord\u6a21\u5f0f\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u8054\u52a8\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728switch\u7684case\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u8bb0\u5f55\u6a21\u5f0f\u3001\u7c7b\u578b\u6a21\u5f0f\u7b49\u7ec4\u5408\u5339\u914d\u3002\u6b64\u5916&#xff0c;\u5b83\u6839\u636e\u4e4b\u524d\u53cd\u9988\u8c03\u6574\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u7ec6\u8282&#xff0c;\u5982guarded patterns\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u3002\u603b\u4e4b&#xff0c;Java 19 \u7684 switch \u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\u5df2\u7ecf\u76f8\u5f53\u6210\u719f&#xff0c;\u4e3aJava 21\u7684\u6b63\u5f0f\u4e0a\u7ebf\u5960\u5b9a\u4e86\u57fa\u7840\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u5916\u90e8\u63a5\u53e3\u548c\u5185\u5b58<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u5916\u90e8\u51fd\u6570\u4e0e\u5185\u5b58 API&#xff08;\u9884\u89c8&#xff09;&#xff1a; \u524d\u8ff0Panama\u9879\u76ee\u5728Java 19\u7ec8\u4e8e\u8fdb\u5165\u9884\u89c8\u9636\u6bb5&#xff08;JEP 424&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u610f\u5473\u7740Foreign Function &amp; Memory API\u53ef\u4e0d\u5e26\u5b75\u5316\u6a21\u5757\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528&#xff08;\u9700\u542f\u7528\u9884\u89c8&#xff09;\u3002\u5b83\u5305\u62ec&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>MemorySegment\/MemoryAddress&#xff1a;\u64cd\u4f5c\u672c\u5730\u5185\u5b58\u3002<\/li>\n<li>CLinker&#xff1a;\u7528\u4e8e\u94fe\u63a5C\u8bed\u8a00\u51fd\u6570&#xff0c;\u652f\u6301\u5c06Java\u65b9\u6cd5\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u51fd\u6570\u6307\u9488\u3001\u5c06\u672c\u5730\u51fd\u6570\u7b26\u53f7\u52a0\u8f7d\u4e3aMethodHandle\u7b49\u3002<\/li>\n<li>SegmentAllocator&#xff1a;\u65b9\u4fbf\u5206\u914d\u672c\u5730\u5185\u5b58\u6bb5\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u5957API&#xff0c;Java \u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ef\u4ee5\u9ad8\u6548\u3001\u7c7b\u578b\u5b89\u5168\u5730\u8c03\u7528\u672c\u5730C\u51fd\u6570\u548c\u8bfb\u5199\u672c\u5730\u5185\u5b58&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u5fc5\u4f7f\u7528JNI\u3002\u4f8b\u5982&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token class-name\">CLinker<\/span> linker <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">CLinker<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">systemCLinker<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token class-name\">MethodHandle<\/span> strlen <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> linker<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">downcallHandle<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><br \/>\n        linker<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">lookup<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;strlen&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">get<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token class-name\">FunctionDescriptor<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">of<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">ValueLayout<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>JAVA_LONG<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ValueLayout<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>ADDRESS<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token class-name\">MemorySegment<\/span> cString <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">CLinker<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">toCString<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;hello&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">long<\/span> len <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">long<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> strlen<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">invokeExact<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>cString<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">address<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4ee3\u7801\u901a\u8fc7 CLinker \u8c03\u7528\u6807\u51c6C\u51fd\u6570 strlen \u8ba1\u7b97\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u957f\u5ea6\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u6ca1\u6709\u4e00\u884cJNI\u4ee3\u7801&#xff0c;\u5168\u90e8\u5728Java\u4e2d\u5b8c\u6210\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7279\u6027\u5bf9\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u548cC\u5e93\u4ea4\u4e92\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u6765\u8bf4\u6781\u4e3a\u4fbf\u5229**&#xff08;\u4f18\u70b9&#xff09;**&#xff0c;\u6027\u80fd\u4e5f\u4e0eJNI\u76f8\u5f53\u3002\u7ecf\u8fc7Java 19\u300120\u4e24\u8f6e\u9884\u89c8&#xff0c;\u6700\u7ec8\u5728Java 21\u6b63\u5f0f\u53d1\u5e03 (JEP 442)\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u5176\u4ed6\u6539\u8fdb<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u865a\u62df\u7ebf\u7a0bPinning\u95ee\u9898\u4f18\u5316&#xff1a; Java 19 \u865a\u62df\u7ebf\u7a0b\u9884\u89c8\u4e2d\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u5f53\u865a\u62df\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5728 synchronized \u5757\u4e2d\u7b49\u5f85\u65f6&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u4f1a\u963b\u585e\u5e95\u5c42OS\u7ebf\u7a0b&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u5347\u5e76\u53d1\u5ea6\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\u66f4\u5b8c\u5584\u7684\u975ePinning\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5728Java 24&#xff08;JEP 491&#xff09;\u624d\u5b8c\u6210\u3002Java 19\u4f5c\u4e3a\u9884\u89c8\u5df2\u7ecf\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u865a\u62df\u7ebf\u7a0b\u826f\u597d\u7684\u8c03\u5ea6\u7279\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Linux\/RISC-V \u79fb\u690d&#xff1a; JEP 422 \u5c06OpenJDK\u79fb\u690d\u5230\u4e86Linux\/RISC-V\u67b6\u6784\u4e0a\u3002\u8fd9\u5bf9\u56fd\u5185\u81ea\u4e3b\u786c\u4ef6\u751f\u6001\u662f\u4e2a\u597d\u6d88\u606f&#xff0c;Java\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd0\u884c\u5728RISC-V\u670d\u52a1\u5668\/\u8bbe\u5907\u4e0a\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u603b\u7ed3&#xff1a; Java 19 \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eae\u70b9\u9887\u591a\u7684\u7248\u672c\u3002\u865a\u62df\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u521d\u6b21\u4eae\u76f8\u6807\u5fd7\u7740Java\u5e76\u53d1\u6a21\u578b\u8fce\u6765\u5de8\u5927\u53d8\u9769&#xff1b;\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u5e76\u53d1\u3001\u8bb0\u5f55\u6a21\u5f0f \u7b49\u5219\u5b8c\u5584\u4e86\u5e76\u53d1\u548c\u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5&#xff0c;\u4f7f\u5f97Java\u4ee3\u7801\u80fd\u591f\u5199\u5f97\u66f4\u7b80\u6d01\u6e05\u6670\u3002\u5916\u90e8\u51fd\u6570\/\u5185\u5b58API\u7684\u9884\u89c8&#xff0c;\u5219\u8ba9Java\u5f00\u59cb\u771f\u6b63\u6d89\u8db3\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ea7\u7f16\u7a0b\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u8fd9\u4e9b\u91cd\u8981\u7279\u6027\u591a\u6570\u4ecd\u5728\u9884\u89c8\/\u5b75\u5316&#xff0c;\u4f46Java 19\u4f5c\u4e3aLTS\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u529f\u80fd\u96c6\u5408&#xff0c;\u5df2\u7ecf\u8ba9\u793e\u533a\u770b\u5230\u4e86Java\u672a\u6765\u7684\u6837\u5b50&#xff1a;\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u3001\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u3001\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\u548c\u6570\u636e\u8868\u8fbe\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u613f\u610f\u5c1d\u9c9c\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u8005&#xff0c;Java 19 \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6781\u597d\u7684\u673a\u4f1a\u5728\u5b9e\u9a8c\u73af\u5883\u8bd5\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b0\u529f\u80fd&#xff0c;\u5e76\u4e3a\u8fc1\u79fb\u5230Java 21 LTS\u505a\u6280\u672f\u51c6\u5907\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>Java 20 \u65b0\u7279\u6027<\/h3>\n<p>\u53d1\u884c\u65f6\u95f4&#xff1a; 2023 \u5e74 3 \u6708<\/p>\n<h4>\u9879\u76ee Loom \u6301\u7eed\u6539\u8fdb<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u865a\u62df\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u9884\u89c8&#xff1a; Java 20 \u518d\u6b21\u63d0\u4f9b\u865a\u62df\u7ebf\u7a0b\u9884\u89c8&#xff08;JEP 436&#xff09;\u3002\u4e0eJava 19\u76f8\u6bd4\u6539\u8fdb\u4e86\u8c03\u8bd5\u548cJDK\u5de5\u5177\u5bf9\u865a\u62df\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u652f\u6301&#xff0c;\u5e76\u89e3\u51b3\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9bbug\u3002API\u57fa\u672c\u4e0d\u53d8\u3002\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f&#xff0c;\u7ed3\u5408\u865a\u62df\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u76d1\u63a7\/\u5206\u6790\u5de5\u5177\u4e5f\u9010\u6b65\u66f4\u65b0&#xff0c;\u4f7f\u5f97\u5373\u4f7f\u767e\u4e07\u7ea7\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u4e5f\u80fd\u88ab\u6709\u6548\u8bca\u65ad\u3002Java 20 \u7684\u865a\u62df\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5df2\u7ecf\u975e\u5e38\u63a5\u8fd1\u6700\u7ec8\u5f62\u6001&#xff08;\u6700\u7ec8\u5728Java 21\u6b63\u5f0f\u63a8\u51fa&#xff09;\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u5e76\u53d1\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u5b75\u5316&#xff1a; Java 20 \u5c06\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u5e76\u53d1 API (StructuredTaskScope \u7b49) \u8fdb\u884c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u8f6e\u5b75\u5316&#xff08;JEP 437&#xff09;\u3002\u672c\u6b21\u4e3b\u8981\u662fAPI\u8c03\u6574\u548c\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u3002\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u7ee7\u7eed\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c1d\u8bd5\u7528\u5b83\u6765\u7ba1\u7406\u4e00\u7ec4\u5e76\u884c\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u8303\u56f4&#xff0c;\u5199\u51fa\u66f4\u6574\u6d01\u7684\u5e76\u53d1\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u503c&#xff08;\u5b75\u5316&#xff09;&#xff1a; Java 20 \u5f15\u5165\u4e86 Scoped Values&#xff08;\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u503c&#xff09;\u5b75\u5316\u7279\u6027&#xff08;JEP 429&#xff09;\u3002\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u6bd4 ThreadLocal \u66f4\u5b89\u5168\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u8de8\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4f20\u9012\u53ea\u8bfb\u6570\u636e\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u7528 ScopedValue \u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u4e00\u4e2a\u503c\u7ed1\u5b9a\u5230\u5f53\u524d\u7ebf\u7a0b&#xff08;\u53ca\u5176\u5b50\u7ebf\u7a0b&#xff09;\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u7136\u540e\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u5185\u7684\u4efb\u610f\u6df1\u5ea6\u65b9\u6cd5\u8c03\u7528\u751a\u81f3\u65b0\u542f\u52a8\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e2d\u8bfb\u53d6\u8be5\u503c\u3002\u4f8b\u5982&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">public<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">static<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">final<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ScopedValue<\/span><span class=\"token generics\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">String<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span> USER_ID <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ScopedValue<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">newInstance<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u5728\u67d0\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u7ed1\u5b9a USER_ID<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token class-name\">ScopedValue<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">where<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>USER_ID<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;alice&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">run<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">-&gt;<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u5728\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u5185\u7684\u4efb\u610f\u4ee3\u7801\u90fd\u53ef\u8bfb\u53d6 USER_ID<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token function\">processOrder<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">void<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">processOrder<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token class-name\">String<\/span> uid <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> USER_ID<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">get<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span>  <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u7ed1\u5b9a\u7684\u503c &#034;alice&#034;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u76f8\u6bd4 ThreadLocal&#xff0c;ScopedValue \u7684\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u548c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7ed3\u6784\u66f4\u52a0\u660e\u786e&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f&#xff0c;\u5e76\u4e14\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5927\u91cf\u865a\u62df\u7ebf\u7a0b\u573a\u666f&#xff0c;\u8bbf\u95ee\u5f00\u9500\u4e5f\u66f4\u5c0f\u3002\u5b83\u975e\u5e38\u9002\u5408\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u4fe1\u606f&#xff08;\u5982\u5f53\u524d\u7528\u6237ID\u3001\u8bf7\u6c42ID\u7b49&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u4f9b\u8c03\u7528\u94fe\u8def\u4e0b\u6e38\u4f7f\u7528\u800c\u65e0\u9700\u5c42\u5c42\u4f20\u53c2\u3002ScopedValue \u5728Java 20\u5b75\u5316&#xff0c;Java 21\u518d\u6b21\u9884\u89c8&#xff08;JEP 487 \u7b2c\u56db\u6b21\u9884\u89c8&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u9884\u8ba1Java 22&#043;\u6b63\u5f0f\u63a8\u51fa\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\u548c\u7c7b\u578b\u7cfb\u7edf<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u8bb0\u5f55\u6a21\u5f0f\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u9884\u89c8&#xff1a; Java 20 \u5ef6\u7eed\u4e86 Java 19 \u7684\u8bb0\u5f55\u6a21\u5f0f\u9884\u89c8&#xff08;JEP 432&#xff09;\u3002\u6539\u8fdb\u5305\u62ec\u5141\u8bb8\u5728 instanceof \u4e4b\u5916&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u80fd\u5728\u589e\u5f3a\u7684 for \u5faa\u73af\u3001switch\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u8bb0\u5f55\u6a21\u5f0f&#xff0c;\u5e76\u4e00\u4e9b\u8bed\u6cd5\u7ec6\u8282\u8c03\u6574\u3002\u4f8b\u5982&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">if<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>obj <span class=\"token keyword\">instanceof<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Point<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">var<\/span> x<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">var<\/span> y<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> p <span class=\"token operator\">&amp;&amp;<\/span> x <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;&#061;<\/span> y<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u4e2d\u7684 (var x, var y) \u5c31\u662f\u8bb0\u5f55\u6a21\u5f0f&#xff0c;\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86 var \u6765\u7701\u7565\u7c7b\u578b\u3002\u8bb0\u5f55\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u4e8c\u6b21\u9884\u89c8\u8ba9\u5b83\u548c\u5176\u5b83\u6a21\u5f0f&#xff08;\u7c7b\u578b\u6a21\u5f0f\u3001\u5e38\u91cf\u6a21\u5f0f&#xff09;\u914d\u5408\u5f97\u66f4\u597d\u3002\u57fa\u672c\u8bed\u6cd5\u8d8b\u4e8e\u7a33\u5b9a&#xff0c;\u4e3aJava 21\u8f6c\u6b63\u94fa\u8def\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Switch \u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\u7b2c\u56db\u6b21\u9884\u89c8&#xff1a; \u7ecf\u8fc7Java 17\u300118\u300119\u4e09\u6b21\u9884\u89c8&#xff0c;Java 20 \u7684 switch \u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d&#xff08;JEP 433&#xff09;\u8fdb\u5165\u7b2c4\u6b21\u4e5f\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b21\u9884\u89c8\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u7248\u4fee\u590d\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u89d2\u843d\u60c5\u51b5\u5e76\u4e0e\u8bb0\u5f55\u6a21\u5f0f\u6574\u5408\u3002\u5178\u578b\u4f7f\u7528\u5982&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">switch<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>shape<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">case<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Circle<\/span> c               <span class=\"token operator\">-&gt;<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">handleCircle<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>c<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">case<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Rectangle<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">var<\/span> w<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">var<\/span> h<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">-&gt;<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">handleRect<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>w<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> h<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">case<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">null<\/span>                   <span class=\"token operator\">-&gt;<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">handleNull<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">default<\/span>                     <span class=\"token operator\">-&gt;<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">handleOther<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u91cc\u65e2\u6709\u7c7b\u578b\u6a21\u5f0f&#xff08;Circle&#xff09;\u3001\u53c8\u6709\u8bb0\u5f55\u6a21\u5f0f&#xff08;Rectangle\u89e3\u6784&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u8fd8\u6709\u663e\u5f0f\u5904\u7406null\u7684\u5206\u652f\u3002Java 20 \u7684\u9884\u89c8\u51e0\u4e4e\u4e0e\u6700\u7ec8\u7248\u4e00\u81f4&#xff0c;\u4e4b\u540eJava 21\u6b63\u5f0f\u63a8\u51fa\u65f6\u4ec5\u6709\u6781\u5c0f\u8c03\u6574\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u6cdb\u578b\u5b9e\u4f8b\u63a8\u65ad\u6539\u8fdb&#xff08;\u9884\u89c8&#xff09;&#xff1a; \u867d\u7136\u672a\u5728\u4e0a\u6587\u63d0\u53ca&#xff0c;\u4f46Java 20\u8fd8\u9884\u89c8\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u5c0f\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u7cd6JEP 433\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206&#xff1a;\u5141\u8bb8 instanceof \u540e\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u58f0\u660e\u4f7f\u7528\u6cdb\u578b\u5b9e\u4f8b\u3002\u4f8b\u5982 obj instanceof Box&lt;String&gt; b \u8fc7\u53bb\u662f\u4e0d\u88ab\u5141\u8bb8\u7684&#xff0c;\u73b0\u5728\u4f5c\u4e3a\u9884\u89c8\u53ef\u4ee5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u5916\u90e8\u63a5\u53e3<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5916\u90e8\u51fd\u6570 &amp; \u5185\u5b58 API \u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u9884\u89c8&#xff1a; Java 20 \u5c06 Java 19 \u7684\u5916\u90e8\u51fd\u6570\/\u5185\u5b58API (Panama) \u8fdb\u884c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u9884\u89c8&#xff08;JEP 434&#xff09;\u3002\u8fd9\u6b21\u9884\u89c8\u5bf9API\u547d\u540d\u548c\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4f5c\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u4fee\u6539&#xff0c;\u6bd4\u5982\u5c06 MemorySession \u62c6\u5206\u4e3a Arena \u548c SegmentScope \u7b49\u3002\u603b\u4f53\u800c\u8a00\u529f\u80fd\u66f4\u5b8c\u5584&#xff0c;\u4e3a\u6700\u7ec8\u5b9a\u578b\u505a\u51c6\u5907\u3002Java 21 \u8be5API\u7b2c\u4e09\u6b21\u9884\u89c8&#xff0c;Java 22 \u6b63\u5f0f\u53d1\u5e03 (JEP 454)\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u5176\u4ed6<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>JDK 20 \u65e0\u957f\u671f\u652f\u6301\u7248&#xff0c;\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u53ea\u67096\u4e2a\u6708&#xff0c;\u56e0\u6b64\u6ca1\u6709\u7279\u522b\u91cd\u5927\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u6539\u53d8&#xff0c;\u66f4\u591a\u662f\u5ef6\u7eed\u6027\u6539\u8fdb\u548c\u9884\u89c8\u3002\u503c\u5f97\u4e00\u63d0\u7684\u662f JDK 20 \u662f JDK 21&#xff08;LTS&#xff09;\u7684\u524d\u54e8\u6218&#xff0c;\u5927\u90e8\u5206Java 21\u7684\u91cd\u78c5\u529f\u80fd&#xff08;\u865a\u62df\u7ebf\u7a0b\u3001\u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\u3001FFM API\u7b49&#xff09;\u90fd\u5df2\u5728Java 20\u7ecf\u8fc7\u5145\u5206\u6253\u78e8\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u603b\u7ed3&#xff1a; Java 20 \u5728\u529f\u80fd\u4e0a\u548cJava 19\u4e00\u8109\u76f8\u627f&#xff0c;\u5e76\u65e0\u5168\u65b0\u91cd\u91cf\u7ea7\u7279\u6027\u4eae\u76f8&#xff0c;\u4f46\u5374\u5c06\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u521b\u65b0\u63a8\u8fdb\u5230\u4e86\u6700\u540e\u9636\u6bb5\u3002\u865a\u62df\u7ebf\u7a0b\u66f4\u5b8c\u5584\u3001\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u5e76\u53d1\u548c\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u503c\u4e3a\u7b80\u5316\u5e76\u53d1\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5168\u65b0\u601d\u8def&#xff1b;\u8bb0\u5f55\u6a21\u5f0f\u548cswitch\u6a21\u5f0f\u51e0\u4e4e\u6253\u78e8\u6210\u719f&#xff0c;\u4e3a\u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\u5168\u9762\u843d\u5730\u505a\u597d\u51c6\u5907\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90fd\u9884\u793a\u4e86\u5373\u5c06\u5230\u6765\u7684Java 21\u5c06\u4f1a\u662f\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u7248\u672c\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u5bf9\u4e8e\u671f\u5f85LTS\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u6765\u8bf4&#xff0c;Java 20 \u663e\u5f97\u201c\u6ce2\u6f9c\u4e0d\u60ca\u201d&#xff0c;\u4f46\u8fd9\u6b63\u662f\u66b4\u98ce\u96e8\u524d\u7684\u5e73\u9759\u2014\u2014\u6240\u6709\u65b0\u7279\u6027\u7684\u94fa\u57ab\u90fd\u5df2\u5c31\u7eea&#xff0c;\u7b49\u5f85\u5728Java 21\u4e2d\u91ca\u653e\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>Java 21 \u65b0\u7279\u6027<\/h3>\n<p>\u53d1\u884c\u65f6\u95f4&#xff1a; 2023 \u5e74 9 \u6708 19 \u65e5 &#xff08;LTS\u957f\u671f\u652f\u6301\u7248&#xff09;<\/p>\n<p>Java 21 \u4f5c\u4e3a\u7b2c5\u4e2aLTS\u7248\u672c&#xff0c;\u878d\u5408\u4e86\u8fc7\u53bb\u51e0\u7248\u7684\u9884\u89c8\u7279\u6027&#xff0c;\u5e26\u6765\u4e8615\u9879\u65b0\u7279\u6027\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u7248\u91cc\u7a0b\u7891\u5f0f\u7684\u53d1\u5e03&#xff0c;\u4f7fJava\u5728\u8bed\u6cd5\u3001\u5e76\u53d1\u3001\u6027\u80fd\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u8fc8\u4e0a\u65b0\u53f0\u9636\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>\u8bed\u8a00\u7279\u6027<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u6a21\u677f&#xff08;\u9884\u89c8&#xff09;&#xff1a; Java 21 \u5f15\u5165\u4e86 \u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u6a21\u677f&#xff08;String Templates&#xff09;\u9884\u89c8&#xff08;JEP 430&#xff09;\u3002\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u7c7b\u4f3c\u5176\u4ed6\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u5185\u5d4c\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5b57\u9762\u91cf&#xff0c;\u7528 ${&#8230;} \u4f5c\u4e3a\u5360\u4f4d\u7b26&#xff0c;\u628a\u53d8\u91cf\u503c\u6216\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7ed3\u679c\u76f4\u63a5\u5d4c\u5165\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e2d\u3002\u4f8b\u5982&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token class-name\">String<\/span> user <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;Bob&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> score <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">42<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token class-name\">String<\/span> msg <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> STR<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>&#096;<span class=\"token class-name\">Hello<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> $<span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span>user<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">!<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Your<\/span> score is $<span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span>score<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>&#096;<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token class-name\">System<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>out<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">println<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>msg<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span> <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u8f93\u51fa: Hello, Bob! Your score is 42.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528\u65f6\u9700\u5728\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u524d\u52a0 STR. \u524d\u7f00\u6765\u5f00\u542f\u6a21\u677f\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5b57\u9762\u91cf&#xff08;\u8fd9\u662f\u9884\u89c8\u671f\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u8981\u6c42&#xff09;\u3002\u6a21\u677f\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u5d4c\u5165\u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf\u3001\u5b57\u6bb5\u3001\u65b9\u6cd5\u8c03\u7528\u7b49\u3002\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u4f1a\u5c06\u6a21\u677f\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u9ad8\u6548\u62fc\u63a5\u4ee3\u7801&#xff0c;\u5e76\u53ef\u914d\u5408\u6a21\u677f\u5904\u7406API\u8fdb\u884c\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7528\u6cd5&#xff08;\u5982SQL\u5b89\u5168\u62fc\u63a5\u7b49&#xff09;\u3002\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f&#xff1a; \u62fc\u63a5\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u662f\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u9700\u6c42&#xff0c;\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u6a21\u677f\u8ba9\u8fd9\u4ef6\u4e8b\u53d8\u5f97\u5b89\u5168\u53c8\u7b80\u5355&#xff0c;\u518d\u4e5f\u4e0d\u9700\u5927\u91cf\u5f15\u53f7\u52a0\u52a0\u53f7&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u65e0\u9700 String.format \u7684\u5360\u4f4d\u7b26&#xff0c;\u5bf9\u65b0\u624b\u53cb\u597d\u3001\u5bf9\u8001\u624b\u9ad8\u6548\u3002\u867d\u7136Java 21\u4e3a\u9884\u89c8&#xff0c;\u9700\u8981 &#8211;enable-preview&#xff0c;\u4f46\u9884\u8ba1\u4e0d\u4e45\u540e\u8f6c\u6b63&#xff0c;\u4f7fJava\u7ec8\u4e8e\u62e5\u62b1\u4e0e\u73b0\u4ee3\u8bed\u8a00\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u63d2\u503c\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u8bb0\u5f55\u6a21\u5f0f &amp; \u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d for switch&#xff08;\u6b63\u5f0f&#xff09;&#xff1a; Record Patterns \u548c Pattern Matching for switch \u5728\u7ecf\u5386\u591a\u6b21\u9884\u89c8\u540e&#xff0c;\u7ec8\u4e8e\u5728 Java 21 \u6b63\u5f0f\u53d1\u5e03&#xff08;JEP 440, 441&#xff09;\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728 instanceof \u548c switch \u4e2d\u81ea\u7531\u4f7f\u7528\u7c7b\u578b\u6a21\u5f0f\u548c\u8bb0\u5f55\u6a21\u5f0f\u8fdb\u884c\u89e3\u6784\u5339\u914d&#xff0c;\u65e0\u9700\u542f\u7528\u9884\u89c8\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8bb0\u5f55\u6a21\u5f0f\u5141\u8bb8\u5339\u914d\u8bb0\u5f55\u7c7b\u5e76\u76f4\u63a5\u89e3\u6784\u5176\u7ec4\u5206&#xff0c;\u4f8b\u5982&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">if<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>shape <span class=\"token keyword\">instanceof<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Rectangle<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> w<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> h<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token class-name\">System<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>out<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">println<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;\u957f\u65b9\u5f62\u9762\u79ef:&#034;<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&#043;<\/span> w<span class=\"token operator\">*<\/span>h<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>Switch\u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\u5141\u8bb8 switch \u76f4\u63a5\u6309\u7c7b\u578b\/\u7ed3\u6784\u5206\u652f&#xff0c;\u4f8b\u5982\u7ed3\u5408\u5bc6\u5c01\u7c7b&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">switch<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>shape<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">case<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Circle<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">double<\/span> r<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span>        <span class=\"token operator\">-&gt;<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">System<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>out<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">println<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;\u5706\u9762\u79ef:&#034;<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&#043;<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Math<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>PI<span class=\"token operator\">*<\/span>r<span class=\"token operator\">*<\/span>r<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">case<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Rectangle<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> w<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> h<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">-&gt;<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">System<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>out<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">println<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;\u77e9\u5f62\u9762\u79ef:&#034;<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&#043;<\/span> w<span class=\"token operator\">*<\/span>h<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">case<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">null<\/span>                    <span class=\"token operator\">-&gt;<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">System<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>out<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">println<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;\u7a7a\u5f62\u72b6&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">default<\/span>                      <span class=\"token operator\">-&gt;<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">System<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>out<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">println<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;\u672a\u77e5\u5f62\u72b6&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u4e2d Circle(double r) \u662f\u7c7b\u578b&#043;\u53d8\u91cf\u6a21\u5f0f&#xff0c;Rectangle(int w, int h) \u662f\u8bb0\u5f55\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u7531\u4e8e Shape \u5047\u8bbe\u662f\u5bc6\u5c01\u63a5\u53e3&#xff0c;\u5217\u4e3e\u4e86\u6240\u6709\u5b50\u7c7b&#xff0c;\u6240\u4ee5\u53ef\u4ee5\u7701\u7565 default \u6216\u53ea\u7528\u4e8e null \u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f&#xff1a; \u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\u8ba9 Java \u5904\u7406\u590d\u6742\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u65f6\u5982\u9c7c\u5f97\u6c34\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u904d\u5386\u4e00\u4e2a JSON \u62bd\u8c61\u8bed\u6cd5\u6811&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u540c\u8282\u70b9\u7c7b\u578b&#xff08;\u5bf9\u8c61\u3001\u6570\u7ec4\u3001\u503c&#xff09;\u7528 switch \u5339\u914d\u7c7b\u578b&#xff0c;\u65e2\u76f4\u89c2\u53c8\u5b89\u5168\u3002\u8fc7\u53bb\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9700\u8981\u5927\u91cf\u7684 instanceof &#043; \u5f3a\u8f6c&#043;if\/else&#xff0c;\u800c\u73b0\u5728\u7b80\u6d01\u660e\u4e86\u3002Java 21 \u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\u4f7fJava\u5177\u5907\u4e86\u4ee3\u6570\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\u7684\u5a01\u529b&#xff0c;\u5927\u5927\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u4ee3\u7801\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u672a\u547d\u540d\u6a21\u5f0f\u548c\u53d8\u91cf&#xff08;\u6b63\u5f0f&#xff09;&#xff1a; Java 21 \u6b63\u5f0f\u5f15\u5165\u4e86 \u672a\u547d\u540d\u6a21\u5f0f(_) \u548c \u672a\u547d\u540d\u53d8\u91cf(_)&#xff08;JEP 443&#xff09;\u3002\u7b80\u5355\u6765\u8bf4&#xff0c;\u5c31\u662f\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u4e0b\u5212\u7ebf _ \u4f5c\u4e3a\u901a\u914d\u7b26&#xff0c;\u53ef\u5728\u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\u4e2d\u5ffd\u7565\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7684\u90e8\u5206&#xff0c;\u4ee5\u53ca\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u201c\u533f\u540d\u53d8\u91cf\u201d\u7528\u4e8e\u6807\u8bc6\u6682\u65f6\u7528\u4e0d\u5230\u7684\u672c\u5730\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u7528\u9014\u4e0d\u540c&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u672a\u547d\u540d\u6a21\u5f0f&#xff1a; \u5728\u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d&#xff08;instanceof\u6216switch\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f&#xff09;\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u7528 _ \u8868\u793a\u201c\u5339\u914d\u4efb\u4f55&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528\u8be5\u503c\u201d\u3002\u4f8b\u5982&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">if<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>point <span class=\"token keyword\">instanceof<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Point<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> x<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> _<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span>  <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u53ea\u5173\u5fc3x&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u5728\u610fy\u503c<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token class-name\">System<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>out<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">println<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;x\u5750\u6807:&#034;<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&#043;<\/span> x<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u91cc\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u5206\u91cf\u7528\u4e86 _&#xff0c;\u8868\u793a\u5339\u914d\u4efb\u4f55y\u800c\u4e0d\u7ed1\u5b9a\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u8fd9\u907f\u514d\u4e86\u50cf\u4ee5\u524d\u90a3\u6837\u5199\u4e00\u4e2a\u65e0\u7528\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u53c8\u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528\u4ea7\u751f\u8b66\u544a\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u672a\u547d\u540d\u53d8\u91cf&#xff1a; \u5141\u8bb8\u5b9a\u4e49\u672c\u5730\u53d8\u91cf\u65f6\u7528\u5355\u4e2a\u4e0b\u5212\u7ebf\u4f5c\u4e3a\u540d\u79f0&#xff0c;\u4f46\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u65e0\u6cd5\u4f7f\u7528&#xff08;\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u4f7f\u7528&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u53ea\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u5360\u4f4d\u3002\u4f8b\u5982&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> _ <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">computeHeavy<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span>  <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u8c03\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\u4f46\u4e0d\u5173\u5fc3\u8fd4\u56de\u503c&#xff0c;\u53ea\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u89e6\u53d1\u65b9\u6cd5\u526f\u4f5c\u7528<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3a_\u7684int\u53d8\u91cf&#xff0c;\u4f46\u540e\u7eed\u65e0\u6cd5\u5f15\u7528\u5b83\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u5728\u4e8e\u6e05\u6670\u8868\u8fbe\u201c\u6211\u6545\u610f\u5ffd\u7565\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u5199\u6cd5\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u517c\u5bb9\u9700\u8981\u53d8\u91cf\u8bed\u6cd5\u4f46\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5b9e\u9645\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u573a\u666f&#xff08;\u7c7b\u4f3c _ &#061; in.read() \u8bfb\u800c\u4e0d\u5904\u7406&#xff09;\u3002\u53e6\u5916&#xff0c;\u672a\u547d\u540d\u53d8\u91cf\u53ea\u80fd\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u6b21&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u80fd\u91cd\u590d\u5b9a\u4e49\u6216\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u53d8\u91cf\u91cd\u540d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f&#xff1a; \u672a\u547d\u540d\u6a21\u5f0f\u5728\u590d\u6742\u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\u65f6\u5c24\u5176\u5b9e\u7528&#xff0c;\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e2d\u6709\u90e8\u5206\u5185\u5bb9\u4e0d\u5173\u5fc3&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528 _ \u5360\u4f4d&#xff0c;\u4f7f\u4ee3\u7801\u66f4\u7b80\u6d01\u3002\u672a\u547d\u540d\u53d8\u91cf\u7528\u5f97\u4e0d\u591a&#xff0c;\u4f46\u5728\u8c03\u7528\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u8868\u660e\u610f\u56fe\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u5728\u6d4b\u4f8b\u4e2d\u8c03\u7528\u67d0\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u51fd\u6570&#xff0c;\u53ea\u4e3a\u89e6\u53d1\u5185\u90e8\u903b\u8f91&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u5173\u5fc3\u7ed3\u679c&#xff0c;\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5 Object _ &#061; init();\u3002\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f&#xff0c;\u4e0b\u5212\u7ebf\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u5728\u8fd9\u4e4b\u524d\u5df2\u4e0d\u80fd\u5f53\u666e\u901a\u53d8\u91cf\u540d\u4f7f\u7528&#xff0c;\u56e0\u6b64\u8fd9\u9879\u7279\u6027\u6ca1\u6709\u5411\u540e\u4e0d\u517c\u5bb9\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u672a\u547d\u540d\u7c7b\u548c\u5b9e\u4f8b main \u65b9\u6cd5&#xff08;\u9884\u89c8&#xff09;&#xff1a; Java 21 \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u9884\u89c8\u7279\u6027 JEP 445&#xff1a;\u9690\u85cf\u7c7b\u540d\u548c\u5b9e\u4f8b\u4e3b\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5b83\u5141\u8bb8\u7f16\u5199\u66f4\u7b80\u6d01\u7684\u5355\u6587\u4ef6\u7a0b\u5e8f&#xff1a;\u53ef\u4ee5\u7701\u7565\u7c7b\u58f0\u660e&#xff0c;\u76f4\u63a5\u5199\u8bed\u53e5&#xff0c;\u751a\u81f3 main \u65b9\u6cd5\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5199\u6210\u5b9e\u4f8b\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u6765\u8bf4&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u4e0d\u663e\u5f0f\u58f0\u660e\u7c7b&#xff0c;Java\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u4f1a\u4e3a\u9876\u5c42\u8bed\u53e5\u9690\u542b\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u3002\u5982&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">void<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">main<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token class-name\">System<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>out<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">println<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;Hello World!&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u6837\u5199\u4e00\u4e2a .java \u6587\u4ef6\u4e5f\u80fd\u7f16\u8bd1\u8fd0\u884c\u3002\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u5305\u88f9\u6210 class X { void main() {&#8230;} } \u5f62\u5f0f\u5e76\u751f\u6210\u5165\u53e3\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u5141\u8bb8 main \u65b9\u6cd5\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u5b9e\u4f8b\u65b9\u6cd5\u800c\u975e\u9759\u6001&#xff0c;\u5e76\u4e14\u7c7b\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u547d\u540d&#xff08;\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u751f\u6210\u7c7b\u540d&#xff09;\u3002\u751a\u81f3\u53ef\u76f4\u63a5\u5199 void main(){} \u9876\u683c\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u5f00\u5934&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u7528\u7c7b\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u7b7e\u540d\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u4e0a\u4f8b\u5df2\u7ecf\u5c55\u793a&#xff0c;\u65e0\u9700 public static void main(String[] args) \u90a3\u4e48\u5570\u55e6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f&#xff1a; \u4e3b\u8981\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u964d\u4f4e\u521d\u5b66\u8005\u5b66\u4e60Java\u7684\u95e8\u69db&#xff0c;\u4ee5\u53ca\u8ba9\u811a\u672c\u5f0f\u7684\u5c0f\u7a0b\u5e8f\u66f4\u7b80\u6d01\u3002\u8fc7\u53bb\u65b0\u624b\u5199HelloWorld&#xff0c;\u4e00\u4e0a\u6765\u5c31\u8981\u7406\u89e3\u7c7b\u3001\u9759\u6001\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u6570\u7ec4&#xff0c;\u5bf9\u5165\u95e8\u4e0d\u53cb\u597d\u3002\u6709\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9884\u89c8\u7279\u6027&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u50cf\u811a\u672c\u8bed\u8a00\u4e00\u6837\u76f4\u63a5\u5199\u4ee3\u7801\u6267\u884c\u3002\u5f53\u7136&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u53ea\u662f\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u5c42\u9762\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u7cd6&#xff0c;\u5b9e\u9645\u7f16\u8bd1\u8fd8\u662f\u4f1a\u751f\u6210\u7c7b\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7279\u6027\u4e5f\u663e\u793a\u4e86Java\u8ffd\u6c42\u66f4\u201c\u8f7b\u91cf\u201d\u7684\u4e00\u9762\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\u5728\u5927\u578b\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u8fd8\u662f\u4f1a\u660e\u786e\u5b9a\u4e49\u7c7b\u548cmain&#xff0c;\u672a\u547d\u540d\u7c7b\u66f4\u591a\u7528\u4e8e\u6559\u5b66\u3001\u5feb\u901f\u811a\u672c\u7b49\u573a\u666f\u3002\u5b83\u5728Java 21\u4e3a\u9884\u89c8&#xff0c;\u8981\u542f\u7528\u9884\u89c8\u624d\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u5e76\u53d1\u548c\u865a\u62df\u7ebf\u7a0b<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u865a\u62df\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6b63\u5f0f\u53d1\u5e03&#xff1a; Java 21 \u901a\u8fc7 JEP 444 \u5c06 \u865a\u62df\u7ebf\u7a0b (Virtual Threads) \u5b9a\u7a3f\u53d1\u5e03&#xff01;\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4e0d\u9700\u4efb\u4f55\u6807\u5fd7&#xff0c;\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u751f\u4ea7\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528 Project Loom \u5e26\u6765\u7684\u865a\u62df\u7ebf\u7a0b\u80fd\u529b\u4e86\u3002\u4ece\u6b64&#xff0c;Java \u6709\u4e86\u4e24\u79cd\u7ebf\u7a0b&#xff1a;\u5e73\u53f0\u7ebf\u7a0b&#xff08;\u4f20\u7edf\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ebf\u7a0b&#xff09;\u548c\u865a\u62df\u7ebf\u7a0b&#xff08;\u7531JVM\u8c03\u5ea6&#xff09;\u3002\u865a\u62df\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u5f0f\u548c\u4e4b\u524d\u9884\u89c8\u4e00\u81f4&#xff0c;\u4f8b\u5982&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token class-name\">Thread<\/span> vt <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Thread<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">startVirtualThread<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">-&gt;<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ &#8230; \u865a\u62df\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6267\u884c\u4ee3\u7801 &#8230;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\nvt<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">join<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u6216\u901a\u8fc7 Executors.newVirtualThreadPerTaskExecutor() \u6765\u5927\u91cf\u63d0\u4ea4\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u865a\u62df\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u8c03\u5ea6\u3001\u540c\u6b65\u90fd\u4e0e\u666e\u901a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e00\u81f4&#xff0c;\u652f\u6301ThreadLocal\u3001\u9501\u7b49&#xff0c;\u53ea\u662f\u4ee3\u4ef7\u6781\u4f4e&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u521b\u5efa\u767e\u4e07\u7ea7\u3002\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f&#xff1a; \u51e0\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u5e76\u53d1\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8d1f\u8f7d\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u8003\u8651\u8fc1\u79fb\u5230\u865a\u62df\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u57fa\u4e8eSpring\u3001Tomcat\u7684Web\u5e94\u7528&#xff0c;\u53ef\u914d\u7f6e\u4f7f\u7528\u865a\u62df\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u6267\u884c\u5668&#xff0c;\u6bcf\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e00\u4e2a\u865a\u62df\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5904\u7406&#xff0c;\u7b80\u5316\u590d\u6742\u7684\u5f02\u6b65\u903b\u8f91\u3002\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u9a71\u52a8\u5982\u679c\u914d\u5408\u826f\u597d&#xff08;\u963b\u585eIO\u91ca\u653eOS\u7ebf\u7a0b&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u80fd\u63d0\u5347\u541e\u5410\u3002\u603b\u4e4b&#xff0c;\u865a\u62df\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4f7f\u7f16\u7a0b\u6a21\u578b\u548c\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u6027\u80fd\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u7edf\u4e00&#xff1a;\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u540c\u6b65\u4ee3\u7801\u5199\u51fa\u5f02\u6b65\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u6548\u679c\u3002\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u76d1\u63a7\u5de5\u5177\u5347\u7ea7\u4ee5\u8bc6\u522b\u5927\u91cf\u7ebf\u7a0b&#xff0c;\u4f46JDK\u672c\u8eab\u7684jstack\u7b49\u5df2\u7ecf\u652f\u6301\u5f88\u597d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Sequenced Collections&#xff08;\u5e8f\u5217\u96c6\u5408&#xff09;&#xff1a; Java 21 \u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u96c6\u5408\u63a5\u53e3\u65cf Sequenced \u96c6\u5408&#xff08;JEP 431&#xff09;\u3002\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u62ec SequencedCollection\u3001SequencedSet\u3001SequencedMap\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u63a5\u53e3\u7edf\u4e00\u4e86\u201c\u6709\u987a\u5e8f\u7684\u96c6\u5408\u201d\u7684\u62bd\u8c61&#xff0c;\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5728\u96c6\u5408\u4e24\u7aef\u64cd\u4f5c\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4ee5\u53ca\u53cd\u8f6c\u89c6\u56fe\u3002\u6bd4\u5982&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token class-name\">SequencedCollection<\/span><span class=\"token generics\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">Integer<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span> coll <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ArrayDeque<\/span><span class=\"token generics\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\ncoll<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">addFirst<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token number\">1<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\ncoll<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">addLast<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token number\">2<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token class-name\">System<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>out<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">println<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>coll<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">getFirst<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span> <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ 1<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token class-name\">System<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>out<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">println<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>coll<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">getLast<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span>  <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ 2<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token class-name\">SequencedCollection<\/span><span class=\"token generics\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">Integer<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span> reversed <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> coll<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">reversed<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u5728Java 21\u4e2d&#xff0c;ArrayList\u3001LinkedList \u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86 SequencedCollection&#xff1b;LinkedHashSet \u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86 SequencedSet&#xff1b;LinkedHashMap \u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86 SequencedMap\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u96c6\u5408\u7684\u5934\u5c3e\u8fdb\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c&#xff0c;\u800c\u4e0d\u5fc5\u533a\u5206List\u6216Deque\u63a5\u53e3\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u4ee5\u524d\u8981\u83b7\u53d6List\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u9700\u8981 list.get(list.size()-1)&#xff0c;\u73b0\u5728 list.getLast() \u5373\u53ef\u3002\u53cd\u8f6c\u89c6\u56fe reversed() \u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0e\u539f\u96c6\u5408\u987a\u5e8f\u76f8\u53cd\u7684\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u96c6\u5408\u89c6\u56fe&#xff0c;\u64cd\u4f5c\u89c6\u56fe\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u64cd\u4f5c\u539f\u96c6\u5408\u4e24\u7aef\u3002\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f&#xff1a; \u4efb\u4f55\u9700\u8981\u961f\u5217\/\u53cc\u7aef\u961f\u5217\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u66f4\u65b9\u4fbf\u4e86&#xff0c;\u800c\u4e14\u7edf\u4e00\u63a5\u53e3\u540e&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u5199\u901a\u7528\u7b97\u6cd5\u5904\u7406SequencedCollection&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u7528\u5206\u522b\u8003\u8651List\u6216Deque&#xff0c;\u5b9e\u73b0\u63a5\u53e3\u5206\u79bb\u66f4\u5408\u7406&#xff08;Deque\u8fc7\u4e8e\u7b3c\u7edf&#xff0c;\u800cSequenced\u53ea\u5173\u6ce8\u987a\u5e8f&#xff09;\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7279\u6027\u5728\u96c6\u5408\u6846\u67b6\u6f14\u8fdb\u53f2\u4e0a\u662f\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u8c03\u6574&#xff0c;\u4f7f\u5f97List, Set, Map\u5728\u8fed\u4ee3\u987a\u5e8f\u65b9\u9762\u6709\u4e86\u5171\u540c\u7684\u7236\u63a5\u53e3&#xff0c;\u66f4\u52a0\u4e00\u81f4\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>JVM \u548c\u6027\u80fd<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u5206\u4ee3 ZGC&#xff08;\u5b9e\u9a8c&#xff09;&#xff1a; Java 21 \u5c06 ZGC \u5347\u7ea7\u4e3a\u5206\u4ee3\u5f0f\u5783\u573e\u6536\u96c6\u5668&#xff08;Generational ZGC&#xff0c;JEP 439&#xff09;\u3002\u4ee5\u524dZGC\u662f\u975e\u5206\u4ee3\u6536\u96c6&#xff0c;Java 21\u5f15\u5165\u5206\u4ee3\u6982\u5ff5&#xff0c;\u5c06\u5806\u5206\u4e3a\u65b0\u751f\u4ee3\u548c\u8001\u5e74\u4ee3\u3002\u5982\u6b64\u4e00\u6765&#xff0c;ZGC \u53ef\u4ee5\u9488\u5bf9\u65b0\u751f\u5bf9\u8c61\u548c\u957f\u671f\u5b58\u6d3b\u5bf9\u8c61\u91c7\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u7b56\u7565&#xff0c;\u63d0\u5347\u6574\u4f53\u541e\u5410\u91cf\u548c\u5185\u5b58\u56de\u6536\u6548\u7387\u3002Gen ZGC \u4ecd\u662f\u5b9e\u9a8c\u72b6\u6001&#xff0c;\u9700\u8981\u901a\u8fc7 -XX:&#043;ZGenerational \u5f00\u542f\u3002\u4f46\u6d4b\u8bd5\u8868\u660e generational \u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b&#xff0c;ZGC \u7684 STW \u505c\u987f\u4ecd\u7136\u4fdd\u6301\u6781\u4f4e&#xff0c;\u540c\u65f6\u56de\u6536\u6548\u7387\u660e\u663e\u63d0\u9ad8&#xff0c;\u5728\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u573a\u666f\u4e0b\u4f18\u4e8e\u975e\u5206\u4ee3\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f&#xff1a; \u5982\u679c\u4f7f\u7528ZGC&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u8003\u8651\u5728Java 21\u4e0a\u8bd5\u9a8c\u5f00\u542f\u5206\u4ee3\u6a21\u5f0f&#xff0c;\u4ee5\u83b7\u5f97\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u6301\u7eed\u5173\u6ce8\u540e\u7eed\u7248\u672c&#xff0c;\u56e0\u4e3a\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u5728\u9a8c\u8bc1\u6548\u679c\u540e\u5c06 Gen ZGC \u66ff\u6362\u6389\u975e\u5206\u4ee3ZGC\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u7981\u7528\u5b89\u5168\u7ba1\u7406\u5668&#xff1a; Java 21 \u867d\u672a\u5b8c\u5168\u79fb\u9664 SecurityManager&#xff0c;\u4f46\u5df2\u7ecf\u91c7\u53d6\u4e86\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u63aa\u65bd&#xff1a;\u5b8c\u5168\u7981\u6b62\u5728\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\u5f00\u542f\u5b89\u5168\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u4f7f\u7528 -Djava.security.manager \u4e5f\u65e0\u6cd5\u518d\u542f\u7528\u5b83&#xff08;\u4f1a\u629b\u5f02\u5e38&#xff09;\u3002\u8fd9\u662fJEP 486\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740 SecurityManager \u5df2\u7ecf\u8d70\u5230\u5bff\u7ec8\u6b63\u5bdd\u9636\u6bb5&#xff0c;Java 21 \u5f00\u59cb\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4ecd\u4f9d\u8d56\u5b89\u5168\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u7684\u5e94\u7528&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u662f\u6700\u540e\u901a\u7252&#xff0c;\u5fc5\u987b\u8fc1\u79fb&#xff08;\u5e38\u7528\u573a\u666f\u5982SecurityManager\u63a7\u5236\u811a\u672c\u6743\u9650&#xff0c;\u73b0\u5728\u53ef\u7528\u6c99\u7bb1ClassLoader\u7b49\u66ff\u4ee3&#xff09;\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6539\u52a8\u5bf9\u5927\u591a\u6570\u73b0\u4ee3\u5e94\u7528\u65e0\u5f71\u54cd&#xff0c;\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b89\u5168\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u65e9\u5df2\u5f88\u5c11\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u865a\u62df\u7ebf\u7a0b\u540c\u6b65\u975e\u963b\u585e\u5e73\u53f0\u7ebf\u7a0b&#xff1a; \u524d\u9762\u63d0\u5230&#xff0c;Java 21 \u6b63\u5f0f\u7248\u865a\u62df\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5728\u963b\u585e\u65f6&#xff08;\u5305\u62ec\u8fdb\u5165 synchronized \u533a\u5757&#xff09;\u57fa\u672c\u90fd\u4e0d\u4f1a\u56fa\u5b9a\u5360\u7528\u5e73\u53f0\u7ebf\u7a0b\u3002JEP 491 \u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u4f18\u5316\u4e86\u865a\u62df\u7ebf\u7a0b\u9047\u5230 monitor \u9501\u7684\u5904\u7406&#xff1a;\u5982\u679c\u865a\u62df\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5728\u540c\u6b65\u9501\u7b49\u5f85&#xff0c;\u5b83\u540e\u53f0\u7684OS\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4f1a\u91ca\u653e\u51fa\u6765\u53bb\u6267\u884c\u522b\u7684\u865a\u62df\u7ebf\u7a0b\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u673a\u5236\u786e\u4fdd\u5373\u4f7f\u6709\u5927\u91cf\u865a\u62df\u7ebf\u7a0b\u540c\u65f6\u963b\u585e\u5728\u9501\u4e0a&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5360\u6ee1\u5bf9\u5e94\u6570\u91cf\u7684OS\u7ebf\u7a0b&#xff0c;\u4ece\u800c\u4fdd\u6301\u9ad8\u5ea6\u5e76\u53d1\u3002\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u4f20\u7edf\u9501\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u5f15\u5165\u865a\u62df\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e5f\u4f9d\u7136\u9ad8\u6548&#xff0c;\u5e76\u53d1\u80fd\u529b\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4e0b\u964d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u7c7b\u52a0\u8f7d\u548c\u94fe\u63a5\u7f13\u5b58&#xff08;\u9884\u89c8&#xff09;&#xff1a; JEP 483 \u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u201c\u63d0\u524d\u52a0\u8f7d\u548c\u94fe\u63a5\u201d\u7684\u673a\u5236&#xff0c;\u5141\u8bb8\u7f13\u5b58\u7c7b\u52a0\u8f7d\u548c\u94fe\u63a5\u7ed3\u679c&#xff0c;\u52a0\u901f\u5e94\u7528\u542f\u52a8\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u4e0a\u6b21\u8fd0\u884c\u4e2d\u8bb0\u5f55\u5df2\u52a0\u8f7d\u94fe\u63a5\u7684\u7c7b&#xff0c;\u5728\u4e0b\u6b21JVM\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\u8df3\u8fc7\u91cd\u590d\u5de5\u4f5c&#xff0c;\u5b9e\u73b040%\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u542f\u52a8\u63d0\u901f\u3002\u8fd9\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8eCDS&#xff0c;\u4f46\u4f5c\u7528\u4e8e\u7c7b\u94fe\u63a5\u9636\u6bb5\u3002Java 21 \u4e2d\u8fd9\u662f\u9884\u89c8\u9700\u624b\u52a8\u5f00\u542f&#xff08;-XX:&#043;EnableClassDataSharing \u7b49&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u672a\u6765\u53ef\u80fd\u9ed8\u8ba4\u542f\u7528\u6765\u63d0\u5347\u5927\u5e94\u7528\u542f\u52a8\u6027\u80fd&#xff08;\u5fae\u670d\u52a1\u3001\u65e0\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u51fd\u6570\u542f\u52a8\u901f\u5ea6\u53d8\u5feb&#xff09;\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u7c7b\u6587\u4ef6 API \u6b63\u5f0f\u53d1\u5e03&#xff1a; \u524d\u51e0\u7248\u5b75\u5316\u7684 \u7c7b\u6587\u4ef6\u89e3\u6790 API \u5728 Java 24 \u6b63\u5f0f\u53d1\u5e03&#xff08;Java 21\u4e2d\u5904\u4e8e\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u9884\u89c8JEP 451\/456&#xff09;\u3002\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u6807\u51c6API\u89e3\u6790\u3001\u751f\u6210\u548c\u8f6c\u6362 .class \u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6784\u5efa\u5b57\u8282\u7801\u64cd\u4f5c\u5de5\u5177&#xff08;\u7c7b\u4f3cASM&#xff09;\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5b98\u65b9\u652f\u6301\u3002\u867d\u7136\u666e\u901a\u4e1a\u52a1\u5f00\u53d1\u7528\u4e0d\u5230&#xff0c;\u4f46\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6846\u67b6\u548c\u5de5\u5177\u4f5c\u8005\u662f\u4e2a\u597d\u6d88\u606f&#xff0c;\u907f\u514d\u4f9d\u8d56\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5e93&#xff0c;\u589e\u52a0\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u65b0\u5b89\u5168\u7279\u6027<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5bc6\u94a5\u6d3e\u751f\u51fd\u6570 API&#xff08;\u9884\u89c8&#xff09;&#xff1a; \u867d\u7136Java 21\u6ca1\u6709\u5305\u542b&#xff0c;\u4f46Java 24\u9884\u89c8\u4e86 KDF API (JEP 478)\u3002\u8fd9\u5c06\u6807\u51c6\u5316PBKDF2\u3001HKDF\u7b49\u5bc6\u94a5\u6d3e\u751f\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u5728Java 21&#xff0c;\u5b89\u5168\u65b0\u589e\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u4e00\u4e9bTLS KEM\u7b97\u6cd5\u548cDH\u7b97\u6cd5\u5f3a\u5316&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u662f\u4e3b\u8981\u7279\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u603b\u7ed3&#xff1a; Java 21 \u662f\u8fc4\u4eca\u529f\u80fd\u6700\u5f3a\u5927\u7684Java\u7248\u672c\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u865a\u62df\u7ebf\u7a0b\u548c\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u5e76\u53d1\u5728\u5e76\u53d1\u7f16\u7a0b\u9886\u57df\u7ed9\u4e88Java\u5de8\u5927\u80fd\u91cf&#xff0c;Sequenced\u96c6\u5408\u5b8c\u5584\u4e86\u96c6\u5408\u6846\u67b6&#xff0c;\u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\u5168\u9762\u843d\u5730\u4f7fJava\u5177\u5907\u4e86\u4ee3\u6570\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u4fbf\u5229\u3002\u8bf8\u591a\u9884\u89c8&#xff08;\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u6a21\u677f\u3001\u9690\u85cf\u7c7b\u3001KDF\u7b49&#xff09;\u4e5f\u9884\u793a\u7740\u672a\u6765\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u65b9\u5411\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3aLTS\u7248\u672c&#xff0c;Java 21 \u5177\u5907\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027&#xff0c;\u53c8\u878d\u5165\u4e86\u73b0\u4ee3\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u8bf8\u591a\u7cbe\u534e&#xff0c;\u96be\u602a\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u7ee7Java 8\u4e4b\u540e\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u7248\u672c\u201d\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u6765\u8bf4&#xff0c;\u5982\u679c\u4eceJava 17\u5347\u7ea7\u4e0a\u6765&#xff0c;\u5c06\u660e\u663e\u611f\u53d7\u5230\u4ee3\u7801\u53ef\u4ee5\u5199\u5f97\u66f4\u7b80\u6d01&#xff08;Record, \u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d&#xff09;, \u6027\u80fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u4e0a\u4e00\u5c42\u697c&#xff08;\u865a\u62df\u7ebf\u7a0b, \u65b0GC&#xff09;, \u5f00\u53d1\u4f53\u9a8c\u4e5f\u66f4\u597d&#xff08;UTF-8\u9ed8\u8ba4, \u6587\u672c\u5757, \u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u6a21\u677f\u7b49&#xff09;\u3002Java 21 \u4e3a\u672a\u6765\u51e0\u5e74Java\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u5960\u5b9a\u4e86\u57fa\u7840&#xff0c;\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2aLTS\u9884\u8ba1\u662fJava 25&#xff0c;\u671f\u95f4Java 22\/23\/24\u4e5f\u4f1a\u7ee7\u7eed\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u5411\u6f14\u8fdb\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>Java 22 \u65b0\u7279\u6027<\/h3>\n<p>\u9884\u8ba1\u53d1\u884c\u65f6\u95f4&#xff1a; 2024 \u5e74 3 \u6708<\/p>\n<p>Java 22 \u867d\u4e3a\u975eLTS\u7248\u672c&#xff0c;\u4f46\u4e5f\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u503c\u5f97\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u65b0\u7279\u6027&#xff0c;\u5171\u8ba1\u7ea612\u9879&#xff08;\u5176\u4e2d\u591a\u9879\u4e3a\u9884\u89c8\/\u5b75\u5316&#xff09;\u3002Java 22 \u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u662f\u5728Java 21\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u7684\u5c0f\u5e45\u589e\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>\u8bed\u8a00\u4e0e\u8bed\u6cd5<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u672a\u547d\u540d\u6a21\u5f0f\u548c\u53d8\u91cf\u8f6c\u6b63&#xff1a; \u524d\u6587\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u4e0b\u5212\u7ebf _ \u6a21\u5f0f\u548c\u672a\u547d\u540d\u53d8\u91cf\u5728 Java 22 \u987a\u5229\u6210\u4e3a\u6b63\u5f0f\u7279\u6027\u3002\u56e0\u6b64&#xff0c;\u5728 Java 22&#043; \u7f16\u7801\u65f6&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528 _ \u6765\u5ffd\u7565\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e2d\u7684\u67d0\u90e8\u5206&#xff0c;\u65e0\u9700\u4efb\u4f55\u5f00\u5173\u3002\u6bd4\u5982 case Point(int x, _) -&gt; &#8230; \u8fd9\u6837\u7684 switch \u5206\u652f\u73b0\u5728\u662f\u6807\u51c6\u5199\u6cd5\u3002\u6b64\u4e3e\u6807\u5fd7\u7740\u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\u76f8\u5173\u8bed\u6cd5\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5b8c\u5584&#xff0c;\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u81ea\u5728\u5730\u4f7f\u7528\u901a\u914d\u6a21\u5f0f&#xff0c;\u63d0\u9ad8\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u5916\u90e8\u51fd\u6570\u548c\u5185\u5b58 API \u6b63\u5f0f\u53d1\u5e03&#xff1a; Java 22 \u901a\u8fc7 JEP 454 \u5c06 Foreign Function &amp; Memory API \u6b63\u5f0f\u52a0\u5165\u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u3002\u8fd9\u8868\u793a Project Panama \u5386\u7ecf\u591a\u4e2a\u7248\u672c\u7ec8\u4e8e\u843d\u5730\u3002\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u65e0\u9700\u518d\u52a0\u5b75\u5316\u6a21\u5757&#xff0c;\u53ef\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528 MemorySegment, MemorySession&#xff08;\u5df2\u66f4\u540d\u4e3aArena&#xff09;, CLinker \u7b49\u7c7b\u4e0e\u672c\u5730\u4ea4\u4e92\u3002\u76f8\u6bd4Java 21\u9884\u89c8&#xff0c;Java 22 \u7684API\u53ef\u80fd\u7565\u6709\u8c03\u6574\u4f46\u5927\u4f53\u4e00\u81f4\u3002\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f&#xff1a; \u5e95\u5c42\u7cfb\u7edf\u7f16\u7a0b\u3001JNI\u66ff\u4ee3\u65b9\u6848&#xff0c;\u5982\u76f4\u63a5\u8c03\u7528\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u51fd\u6570\u3001\u8bfb\u53d6\u6620\u5c04\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u9ad8\u6027\u80fdI\/O\u7b49&#xff0c;\u73b0\u5728\u90fd\u80fd\u7528\u8fd9\u5957\u5b89\u5168\u7684API\u5b8c\u6210\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u5df2\u6b63\u5f0f\u53d1\u5e03&#xff0c;\u5404\u79cd\u6846\u67b6\u548c\u5e93\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5f00\u59cb\u5229\u7528\u5b83&#xff0c;\u4f8b\u5982Netty\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528MemorySegment\u7ba1\u7406\u76f4\u63a5\u5185\u5b58&#xff0c;JNI\u5c42\u4ee3\u7801\u6709\u671b\u5927\u5e45\u51cf\u5c11\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u591a\u6587\u4ef6\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u7a0b\u5e8f\u542f\u52a8&#xff1a; Java 11 \u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u5355\u6587\u4ef6\u8fd0\u884c&#xff0c;Java 22 \u5219\u66f4\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5f15\u5165 \u591a\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6\u4e00\u8d77\u8fd0\u884c \u7684\u529f\u80fd&#xff08;JEP 458&#xff09;\u3002\u8fd9\u5141\u8bb8\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528 java \u547d\u4ee4\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u8fd0\u884c\u591a\u4e2a\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6&#xff0c;\u65e0\u9700\u624b\u52a8\u7f16\u8bd1\u94fe\u63a5\u3002\u4f8b\u5982&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>java MyMain.java Utils.java Helper.java<\/p>\n<p>Java \u5c06\u540c\u65f6\u7f16\u8bd1\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6e90\u5e76\u6267\u884c\u5305\u542b main \u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u7c7b\u3002\u8fd9\u5bf9\u5199\u5c0f\u578b\u811a\u672c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53c8\u66f4\u65b9\u4fbf\u4e86\u4e00\u6b65&#xff0c;\u6253\u7834\u4e86\u201c\u4e00\u6b21\u53ea\u80fd\u8fd0\u884c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6\u201d\u7684\u9650\u5236\u3002\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f&#xff1a; \u5728\u6559\u5b66\u3001\u5feb\u901f\u8bd5\u9a8c\u65f6&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u82e5\u5e72\u76f8\u5173\u7c7b\u653e\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u6587\u4ef6&#xff0c;\u4e00\u6761\u547d\u4ee4\u8fd0\u884c&#xff0c;\u907f\u514d\u6bcf\u6539\u4e00\u70b9\u5c31javac\u518djava\u5206\u6b65\u505a\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u5141\u8bb8\u8bed\u53e5\u5728 super() \u4e4b\u524d&#xff08;\u9884\u89c8&#xff09;&#xff1a; JEP 447 \u5728 Java 22 \u4f5c\u4e3a\u9884\u89c8\u63a8\u51fa\u4e86\u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5\u524d\u7f6e\u8bed\u53e5\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u4ee5\u5f80\u5728\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u8c03\u7528\u7236\u7c7b\u6784\u9020 (super(&#8230;)) \u6216\u672c\u7c7b\u91cd\u8f7d\u6784\u9020 (this(&#8230;)) \u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u6761\u8bed\u53e5&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u80fd\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u5176\u4ed6\u4ee3\u7801\u5728\u5176\u524d\u9762\u3002\u8fd9\u5bfc\u81f4\u6709\u65f6\u60f3\u5728\u8c03\u7528\u7236\u7c7b\u524d\u505a\u70b9\u68c0\u67e5\u6216\u8ba1\u7b97\u5f88\u9ebb\u70e6\u3002Java 22 \u653e\u5bbd\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9650\u5236&#xff0c;\u5141\u8bb8\u5728\u6784\u9020\u5668\u9996\u884c\u8c03\u7528\u4e4b\u524d\u52a0\u5165\u4e00\u4e9b\u9650\u5b9a\u7684\u8bed\u53e5&#xff0c;\u6bd4\u5982\u5bf9\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u5408\u6cd5\u6027\u68c0\u67e5\u3001\u9759\u6001\u65b9\u6cd5\u8c03\u7528\u83b7\u53d6\u914d\u7f6e\u7b49\u3002\u793a\u4f8b&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">class<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">MyClass<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">extends<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Base<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token class-name\">MyClass<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> x<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">if<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>x <span class=\"token operator\">&lt;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">0<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> x <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">0<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span>           <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u73b0\u5728\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728 super() \u8c03\u7528\u524d\u6267\u884c<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">super<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token function\">calcValue<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>x<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span>       <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u7136\u540e\u8c03\u7528\u7236\u7c7b\u6784\u9020<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token class-name\">System<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>out<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">println<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;Done&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u6b64\u7279\u6027\u53ef\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c11\u5728\u4e0a\u4e00\u7ea7\u6784\u9020\u505a\u903b\u8f91\u7ed5\u8fc7\u7684\u7e41\u7410&#xff0c;\u4ee3\u7801\u610f\u56fe\u66f4\u76f4\u63a5\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u4ecd\u6709\u9650\u5236&#xff1a;\u4e0d\u80fd\u8bbf\u95ee\u672a\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u7684\u6210\u5458\u7b49\u3002\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f&#xff1a; \u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u6784\u9020\u53c2\u6570\u9884\u5904\u7406&#xff0c;\u4f8b\u5982\u786e\u4fdd\u4f20\u7ed9\u7236\u7c7b\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u7b26\u5408\u8981\u6c42\u3002\u4ee5\u524d\u9700\u8981\u5728\u5b50\u7c7b\u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e4b\u5916\u5148\u5904\u7406\u597d\u53c2\u6570\u518d\u4f20&#xff0c;\u5982\u4eca\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6784\u9020\u5185\u90e8\u505a\u5904\u7406&#xff0c;\u66f4\u5c01\u88c5\u76f4\u89c2\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u6838\u5fc3\u5e93\u4e0e\u5b89\u5168<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u7c7b\u6587\u4ef6 API \u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u9884\u89c8&#xff1a; \u5c3d\u7ba1Java 24\u624d\u6b63\u5f0f\u53d1\u5e03\u7c7b\u6587\u4ef6API (JEP 484)&#xff0c;Java 22 \u5df2\u7ecf\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u9884\u89c8 (JEP 457) \u548c Java 23 \u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u9884\u89c8 (JEP 456)\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740Java 22\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u5df2\u7ecf\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bd5\u7528\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u7c7b\u6587\u4ef6\u89e3\u6790\u751f\u6210API&#xff0c;\u4e3a\u540e\u7eed\u6b63\u5f0f\u7248\u505a\u51c6\u5907\u3002\u5177\u4f53API\u89c1\u4e0a\u6587Java 24\u90e8\u5206\u4ecb\u7ecd\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u6d41\u6536\u96c6\u5668 API&#xff08;\u9884\u89c8&#xff09;&#xff1a; Java 22 \u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u6d41\u5904\u7406\u7684\u65b0\u673a\u5236\u9884\u89c8&#xff1a;Stream::collect \u4f7f\u7528\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u6536\u96c6\u5668&#xff08;Gatherer&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u79f0 Stream Gatherers (JEP 461\/473)\u3002\u7b80\u5355\u6765\u8bf4&#xff0c;\u5b83\u5141\u8bb8\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u5b9a\u4e49\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u6d41\u4e2d\u95f4\u6536\u96c6\u903b\u8f91&#xff0c;\u901a\u8fc7\u65b0\u7684 Stream.gather(Gatherer) \u65b9\u6cd5\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u8fd9\u62d3\u5c55\u4e86Stream API&#xff0c;\u80fd\u8868\u8fbe\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u5982\u6ed1\u52a8\u7a97\u53e3\u3001\u6279\u5904\u7406\u7b49\u3002Java 22 \u9884\u89c8\u540e&#xff0c;Java 23 \u7ee7\u7eed\u9884\u89c8&#xff0c;Java 24 \u6b63\u5f0f\u63a8\u51fa (JEP 485)\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7279\u6027\u590d\u6742\u4f46\u529f\u80fd\u5f3a\u5927&#xff0c;\u524d\u6587Java 24\u90e8\u5206\u5df2\u8be6\u7ec6\u8bf4\u660e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Markdown \u6587\u6863\u6ce8\u91ca&#xff1a; Java 23 \u6b63\u5f0f\u52a0\u5165\u4e86 Markdown \u652f\u6301\u7684 JavaDoc (JEP 467)&#xff0c;Java 22 \u53ef\u80fd\u5df2\u7ecf\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e00\u7279\u6027\u505a\u597d\u4e86\u51c6\u5907\u6216\u8005\u572822\u9884\u89c8&#xff0c;\u572823\u6b63\u5f0f\u3002\u56e0\u6b64Java 22\/23\u5199JavaDoc\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u7528Markdown\u8bed\u6cd5&#xff0c;\u66f4\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u7f16\u5199\u5217\u8868\u3001\u94fe\u63a5\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u5176\u4ed6\u53d8\u5316<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>G1 \u533a\u57df\u56fa\u5b9a&#xff1a; JEP 423 \u9488\u5bf9 G1 GC \u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u533a\u57df\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97JNI\u4e34\u754c\u533a\u4e2d\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u53ef\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u88ab\u79fb\u52a8&#xff0c;\u4ece\u800c\u51cf\u5c11\u590d\u5236\u5f00\u9500&#xff0c;\u5bf9\u67d0\u4e9b\u573a\u666f\u4e0b\u63d0\u9ad8GC\u6027\u80fd\u6709\u5e2e\u52a9\u3002\u4f46\u8fd9\u5c5e\u4e8eJVM\u5185\u90e8\u4f18\u5316&#xff0c;\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u65e0\u611f\u77e5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Unsafe \u5185\u5b58\u8bbf\u95ee\u65b9\u6cd5\u5f03\u7528&#xff1a; Java 22 \u6b63\u5f0f\u5f03\u7528\u4e86 sun.misc.Unsafe \u4e2d\u4e00\u6279\u76f4\u63a5\u5185\u5b58\u8bbf\u95ee\u65b9\u6cd5&#xff08;JEP 471&#xff09;\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u6709VarHandle\u548cMemorySegment\u8fd9\u4e9b\u66f4\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u66ff\u4ee3\u4e86\u3002Unsafe\u4f9d\u7136\u80fd\u7528&#xff0c;\u4f46\u8c03\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u4f1a\u8b66\u544a&#xff0c;\u672a\u6765\u7248\u672c\u5c06\u79fb\u9664\u3002\u8fd9\u4fc3\u4f7f\u5e95\u5c42\u5e93\u5411VarHandle\/FFM API\u8fc1\u79fb\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u7aef\u53e3\u548c\u5e73\u53f0\u652f\u6301&#xff1a; \u968f\u7740JDK\u8fdb\u5165\u9ad8\u9891\u53d1\u5e03&#xff0c;Java 22 \u6ca1\u6709\u5927\u7684\u79fb\u690dJEP&#xff0c;\u56e0\u4e3a21\u5df2\u6db5\u76d6RISC-V\u7b49\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\u53ef\u80fd\u572822\u5bf9Windows\/AArch64\u3001macOS\/AArch64\u7b49\u65b0\u5e73\u53f0\u505a\u4e86\u6027\u80fd\u8c03\u4f18\u548c\u95ee\u9898\u4fee\u590d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u603b\u7ed3&#xff1a; Java 22 \u4f5c\u4e3a Java 21 \u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u8fc7\u6e21\u7248\u672c&#xff0c;\u4e3b\u8981\u5de5\u4f5c\u662f\u5de9\u56fa\u548c\u8fc7\u6e21\u3002\u5927\u91cfJava 21\u9884\u89c8\u7684\u7279\u6027\u5728Java 22\u5f97\u5230\u6b63\u5f0f\u53d1\u5e03&#xff08;\u5982 FFM API\u3001Unnamed\u6a21\u5f0f\u53d8\u91cf&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u4f7f\u5f97Java\u8bed\u8a00\u548cAPI\u66f4\u52a0\u5b8c\u5584\u3002\u5bf9\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u6765\u8bf4&#xff0c;\u5347\u7ea7\u5230Java 22\u4e0d\u4f1a\u50cf21\u90a3\u6837\u51b2\u51fb\u5927&#xff0c;\u4f46\u80fd\u5f00\u59cb\u7a33\u5b9a\u5730\u4f7f\u752821\u91cc\u9884\u89c8\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u4f8b\u5982&#xff0c;\u7528MemorySegment\u66ff\u4ee3ByteBuffer\u53d8\u5f97\u7a33\u59a5\u4e86&#xff0c;\u7528\u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\u4e0b\u5212\u7ebf\u5360\u4f4d\u4e5f\u6ca1\u95ee\u9898\u4e86\u3002\u8fd9\u7248\u4e5f\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u4e9b\u8bed\u6cd5\u7cd6\u6539\u8fdb&#xff0c;\u5982\u6784\u9020\u5668\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u524d\u7f6e\u8bed\u53e5&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u4e9b\u867d\u7136\u5c0f&#xff0c;\u4f46\u63d0\u5347\u4e86\u7f16\u7801\u4fbf\u5229\u6027\u3002Java 22 \u8fd8\u4e3a\u672a\u6765\u7684\u65b0\u7279\u6027\u7ee7\u7eed\u94fa\u8def&#xff0c;\u4f8b\u5982Stream\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u6536\u96c6\u3001\u6a21\u5757\u5bfc\u5165\u58f0\u660e&#xff08;JEP 476&#xff0c;\u5141\u8bb8import java.util.* from module java.base;\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u7b80\u5316\u8bed\u6cd5&#xff0c;\u572822\u5b75\u5316&#xff09;\u7b49\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9884\u89c8\u5c06\u5728Java 23\/24\u6210\u719f\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u9884\u89c1&#xff0c;Java 22 \u7684\u53d8\u5316\u7d2f\u79ef\u5230Java 25 (\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2aLTS) \u4f1a\u5e26\u6765\u66f4\u591a\u60ca\u559c\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>Java 23 \u65b0\u7279\u6027<\/h3>\n<p>\u9884\u8ba1\u53d1\u884c\u65f6\u95f4&#xff1a; 2024 \u5e74 9 \u6708<\/p>\n<p>Java 23 \u5ef6\u7eed\u4e86 22 \u7684\u8d8b\u52bf&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u662f\u975eLTS\u7248\u672c\u3002\u6839\u636e\u76ee\u524d\u4fe1\u606f&#xff0c;Java 23 \u5305\u542b\u7ea612\u9879\u65b0\u7279\u6027\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u76f8\u5f53\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u662f\u7ee7\u7eed\u9884\u89c8\u6216\u6700\u7ec8\u5b9a\u578b\u4e0a\u7248\u7684\u7279\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>\u8bed\u8a00\u4e0e\u8bed\u6cd5<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u539f\u59cb\u7c7b\u578b\u6a21\u5f0f&#xff08;\u9884\u89c8&#xff09;&#xff1a; Java 23 \u901a\u8fc7 JEP 455 \u5f15\u5165\u4e86 \u5bf9\u539f\u59cb\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d \u9884\u89c8\u3002\u8fd9\u6269\u5c55\u4e86\u524d\u9762\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d&#xff0c;\u4f7f instanceof \u548c switch \u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u5339\u914d primitive \u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u503c\u3002\u8fd9\u5176\u5b9e\u5728\u8bed\u6cd5\u4e0a\u8868\u73b0\u4e3a\u5141\u8bb8 instanceOf \u53f3\u8fb9\u51fa\u73b0\u57fa\u672c\u7c7b\u578b&#xff0c;\u4f8b\u5982&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token class-name\">Object<\/span> obj <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">123<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">if<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>obj <span class=\"token keyword\">instanceof<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Integer<\/span> i<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span> <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u4e4b\u524d\u53ea\u80fd\u8fd9\u6837<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">if<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>obj <span class=\"token keyword\">instanceof<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">byte<\/span> b<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span>   <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span> <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u73b0\u5728\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u5339\u914d byte \u8303\u56f4<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u4e0a&#xff0c;\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u5224\u65ad\u5982\u679c obj \u662f\u6570\u503c\u4e14\u5728 byte \u8303\u56f4\u5185&#xff0c;\u5c31\u5339\u914d\u6210\u529f\u5e76\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a byte\u3002\u540c\u7406&#xff0c;switch \u4e5f\u5141\u8bb8 case \u662f long\u3001double \u7b49\u5b57\u9762\u91cf\u3002\u8fd9\u4f7f\u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\u5bf9\u57fa\u672c\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u66f4\u53cb\u597d\u3002\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f&#xff1a; \u901a\u5e38\u4ece\u6587\u672c\u6216\u7f51\u7edc\u5f97\u5230Object&#xff0c;\u9700\u8981\u6839\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u5904\u7406&#xff0c;\u6bd4\u5982 JSON\u8282\u70b9\u53ef\u80fd\u662fDouble\u4f46\u5b9e\u9645\u8868\u793a\u6574\u6570&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u65f6 instanceOf double d -&gt; \u8f6c int \u5c31\u65b9\u4fbf\u4e86\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\u539f\u59cb\u7c7b\u578b\u6a21\u5f0f\u5c5e\u4e8e\u9526\u4e0a\u6dfb\u82b1\u7684\u7279\u6027&#xff0c;\u975e\u6838\u5fc3\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u7c7b\u6587\u4ef6 API \u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u9884\u89c8&#xff1a; Java 23 \u7ee7\u7eed\u9884\u89c8\u7c7b\u6587\u4ef6API (JEP 456\/466)\u3002\u6839\u636eJEP 484&#xff0c;\u5728Java 24\u6700\u7ec8\u53d1\u5e03\u3002Java 23\u4e5f\u8bb8\u4e3b\u8981\u66f4\u6539\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9bAPI\u547d\u540d\u3001\u5305\u7ed3\u6784\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Markdown JavaDoc \u6b63\u5f0f&#xff1a; Java 23 (JEP 467) \u628aJavaDoc\u7684 Markdown \u652f\u6301\u6b63\u5f0f\u5316\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u73b0\u5728\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728JDK\u6587\u6863\u4e2d\u770b\u5230\u683c\u5f0f\u826f\u597d\u7684\u5217\u8868\u3001\u4ee3\u7801\u7b49\u4e86\u3002\u5bf9\u5f00\u53d1\u8005&#xff0c;\u5199\u6ce8\u91ca\u4e5f\u66f4\u65b9\u4fbf&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u5fc5\u7eafHTML\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u5411\u91cfAPI \u7b2c\u516b\u6b21\u5b75\u5316&#xff1a; Java 23 \u7684 Vector API \u8fdb\u5165\u7b2c8\u6b21\u5b75\u5316&#xff08;JEP 469&#xff09;\u3002\u5e94\u8be5\u505a\u4e86\u66f4\u591a\u6027\u80fd\u6539\u8fdb&#xff0c;\u53ef\u80fd\u5df2\u7ecf\u63a5\u8fd1\u8f6c\u6b63\u5f0f\u9636\u6bb5&#xff08;Java 25?&#xff09;\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Stream \u6536\u96c6\u5668\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u9884\u89c8&#xff1a; Java 23 \u901a\u8fc7 JEP 473 \u7ee7\u7eed\u9884\u89c8 Stream::gather&#xff08;\u6d41\u6536\u96c6\u5668&#xff09;\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u53ef\u80fd\u5b8c\u5584\u4e86Gatherer\u63a5\u53e3\u5b9a\u4e49\u3002Java 24 \u5df2\u6b63\u5f0f\u63a8\u51fa (JEP 485)\u3002\u56e0\u6b64Java 23\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u5df2\u53ef\u8bd5\u7528 gather \u529f\u80fd\u8fdb\u884c\u590d\u6742\u6d41\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>JVM \u4e0e\u5b89\u5168<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u7981\u7528 SecurityManager \u5b8c\u6210&#xff1a; Java 24 \u5b8c\u5168\u7981\u6b62\u5f00\u542f\u5b89\u5168\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u3002Java 23 \u5e94\u8be5\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u652f\u6301 SecurityManager&#xff0c;\u5728Java 21\u5c31\u5df2\u7ecf\u7981\u6b62\u4f7f\u7528 -Djava.security.manager \u4e86\u3002\u56e0\u6b64Java 23\u5728\u5b89\u5168\u65b9\u9762\u628a\u8001\u7684 SecurityManager \u4f53\u7cfb\u5f7b\u5e95\u5173\u505c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>TLS\/KEM \u652f\u6301&#xff1a; \u53ef\u80fd\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u540e\u91cf\u5b50\u5bc6\u7801\u5b66\u652f\u6301&#xff0c;\u4f8b\u5982\u5bc6\u94a5\u5c01\u88c5\u673a\u5236&#xff08;KEM&#xff09;API\u7b49\u3002\u4f46\u5177\u4f53JEP (452 KEM API) \u6700\u7ec8\u76ee\u6807\u5728Java 21\/22\u5b9e\u73b0&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u91cc\u53ef\u80fd\u9884\u89c8\u6216\u5b8c\u5584\u3002Java 24\u901a\u8fc7JEP 478\u9884\u89c8KDF&#xff0c;\u76ee\u524dKEM\u65b9\u9762JEP 452\u5df2\u572821\u5b9e\u73b0KeyAgreement\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>JVM\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316&#xff1a; Java 23 \u5b8c\u6210\u4e86Gen ZGC\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u3002JEP 474 \u5207\u6362ZGC\u9ed8\u8ba4\u542f\u7528\u5206\u4ee3\u6a21\u5f0f\u5e76\u5f03\u7528\u975e\u5206\u4ee3\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u53ef\u80fdJava 23\u5b9e\u9a8c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e2aflag&#xff0c;Java 24\u5c31\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6539\u4e3a\u5206\u4ee3\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u6a21\u5757\u5bfc\u5165\u58f0\u660e&#xff08;\u9884\u89c8&#xff09;&#xff1a; JEP 476 \u5728Java 24\u9884\u89c8\u3002Java 23\u621622\u53ef\u80fd\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b75\u5316\u3002\u5b83\u5141\u8bb8\u5728\u4ee3\u7801\u9876\u90e8\u5bfc\u5165\u6574\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\u5bfc\u51fa\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5305&#xff0c;\u6bd4\u5982 import static from javafx.graphics;\u3002\u8fd9\u5bf9\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u7528\u6237\u65b9\u4fbf\u4e00\u4e9b&#xff0c;\u4f46\u666e\u901a\u573a\u666f\u7528\u5904\u4e0d\u5927&#xff0c;\u76ee\u524d\u4e5f\u53ea\u662f\u9884\u89c8\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u5176\u4ed6<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>RMI Registry \u62d3\u5c55&#xff1a; Java 23 \u51e0\u4e4e\u4e0d\u6d89\u53caRMI\u4e86&#xff0c;RMI Activation\u5df2\u79fb\u9664&#xff0c;Registry\u90e8\u5206\u6216\u6027\u80fd\u6539\u5584\u53ef\u80fd\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u5fae\u8c03&#xff0c;\u4f46\u65e0JEP\u8bf4\u660e\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u603b\u7ed3&#xff1a; Java 23 \u662f\u5728 LTS (21) \u4e4b\u540e&#xff0c;\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b21 LTS (25) \u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u5e38\u89c4\u7248\u672c\u3002\u5176\u4e3b\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u5de9\u56fa\u65b0\u529f\u80fd\u5e76\u7ee7\u7eed\u63a2\u7d22\u3002\u8bb8\u591a Java 22 \u5f15\u5165\u7684\u9884\u89c8\u5728 Java 23 \u5f97\u5230\u5b8c\u5584&#xff0c;\u4f8b\u5982\u539f\u59cb\u7c7b\u578b\u6a21\u5f0f\u3001\u6d41\u6536\u96c6\u5668\u7b49\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90fd\u5728\u4e3a\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2aLTS\u505a\u51c6\u5907&#xff0c;\u4f7f\u5f97 LTS \u53d1\u5e03\u65f6\u65b0\u7279\u6027\u80fd\u66f4\u6210\u719f\u7a33\u5b9a\u3002\u5bf9\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u800c\u8a00&#xff0c;Java 23 \u65b0\u589e\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u7279\u6027\u8f83\u5c11&#xff0c;\u66f4\u50cf\u662f\u572821\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u4fee\u4fee\u8865\u8865\u3002\u4f46\u5bf9\u4e8e\u559c\u6b22\u5c1d\u65b0\u7684\u56e2\u961f&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728 Java 23 \u4e2d\u5c1d\u8bd5\u524d\u6cbf\u7279\u6027&#xff08;\u5982 gatherer\u3001\u7c7b\u6587\u4ef6API \u7b49&#xff09;\u5e76\u7ed9\u51fa\u53cd\u9988\u3002\u8003\u8651\u5230 Java 25 \u5c06\u662fLTS\u4e14\u4f1a\u5305\u542b22-24\u7684\u6210\u679c&#xff0c;Java 23 \u7684\u610f\u4e49\u66f4\u591a\u5728\u4e8e\u9a8c\u8bc1\u548c\u8fc7\u6e21\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>Java 24 \u65b0\u7279\u6027<\/h3>\n<p>\u9884\u8ba1\u53d1\u884c\u65f6\u95f4&#xff1a; 2025 \u5e74 3 \u6708<\/p>\n<p>\u6839\u636e\u5b98\u65b9\u6d88\u606f&#xff0c;Java 24 \u5e26\u6765\u4e86 24 \u9879\u65b0\u7279\u6027&#xff08;\u6070\u597d\u4e0e\u7248\u672c\u53f7\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u6570\u91cf&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5185\u5bb9\u76f8\u5f53\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u7248\u672c&#xff0c;\u751a\u81f3\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8eJava 22\u548c23\u65b0\u7279\u6027\u4e4b\u548c\u3002\u5b83\u6c47\u96c6\u4e86\u8fc7\u53bb\u51e0\u7248\u7684\u9884\u89c8\u6210\u679c&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u6709\u65b0\u7684\u63a2\u7d22\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5217\u51fa\u51e0\u9879\u4e3b\u8981\u65b0\u7279\u6027&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<h4>\u5b89\u5168\u4e0e\u5bc6\u7801\u5b66<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u5bc6\u94a5\u6d3e\u751f\u51fd\u6570 API&#xff08;\u9884\u89c8&#xff09;&#xff1a; Java 24 \u5f15\u5165\u4e86 KDF(Key Derivation Function) API \u9884\u89c8&#xff08;JEP 478&#xff09;\u3002KDF\u7b97\u6cd5\u5982 HKDF\u3001PBKDF2 \u7528\u4e8e\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2a\u521d\u59cb\u5bc6\u94a5\u6d3e\u751f\u51fa\u4e8c\u6b21\u5bc6\u94a5\u3002JDK 24 \u63d0\u4f9b\u7edf\u4e00\u63a5\u53e3 KDF \u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002\u4f8b\u5982&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token class-name\">KDF<\/span> hkdf <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> KDF<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">getInstance<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;HKDF-SHA256&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token class-name\">AlgorithmParameterSpec<\/span> params <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">HKDFParameterSpec<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">of<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>initialKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">thenExpand<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>info<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">32<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token class-name\">SecretKey<\/span> derivedKey <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> hkdf<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">deriveKey<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;AES&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> params<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u5f97\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a32\u5b57\u8282\u7684AES\u5bc6\u94a5\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2aAPI\u4f7f\u5f97\u5bc6\u7801\u5b66\u7f16\u7a0b\u66f4\u52a0\u76f4\u89c2\u89c4\u8303&#xff0c;\u907f\u514d\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u81ea\u5df1\u5b9e\u73b0\u6613\u51fa\u9519\u3002\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f&#xff1a; \u5bc6\u7801\u534f\u8bae\u9700\u8981\u4ece\u4f1a\u8bdd\u5bc6\u94a5\u751f\u6210\u52a0\u5bc6\u5bc6\u94a5\u3001\u8ba4\u8bc1\u5bc6\u94a5\u7b49&#xff0c;\u4f8b\u5982TLS 1.3\u7684\u5bc6\u94a5\u6269\u5c55&#xff0c;\u5c31\u53ef\u4f7f\u7528HKDF\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002KDF API \u9884\u89c8\u540e\u9884\u8ba1\u5728\u4e0b\u4e00LTS(Java 25)\u8f6c\u6b63&#xff0c;\u5bf9\u90a3\u4e9b\u9700\u8981\u81ea\u5df1\u62fc\u51d1\u8c03\u7528 MessageDigest \u7684\u4e1a\u52a1\u5927\u6709\u88e8\u76ca\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u5b8c\u5168\u7981\u7528 Security Manager&#xff1a; \u524d\u6587\u5df2\u8ff0&#xff0c;Java 24 (JEP 486) \u5b8c\u5168\u79fb\u9664\u4e86\u5b89\u5168\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u7684\u542f\u7528\u53ef\u80fd\u3002\u8fd9\u6807\u5fd7\u7740 SecurityManager \u5f7b\u5e95\u9000\u51fa\u5386\u53f2\u821e\u53f0&#xff0c;\u76f8\u5173API\u8c03\u7528\u4f1a\u76f4\u63a5\u629b\u5f02\u5e38\u3002\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u5e94\u786e\u8ba4\u6ca1\u6709\u4f7f\u7528 System.setSecurityManager \u7b49&#xff0c;\u4ee5\u514d\u5347\u7ea7\u5f15\u53d1\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u6027\u80fd\u4e0e\u5de5\u5177<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u7c7b\u52a0\u8f7d\u4e0e\u94fe\u63a5\u7f13\u5b58&#xff1a; Java 24 \u901a\u8fc7 JEP 483 \u5f15\u5165\u4e86 Class Preloading &amp; Linking&#xff08;\u63d0\u524d\u7c7b\u52a0\u8f7d\u548c\u94fe\u63a5&#xff09;\u7279\u6027\u3002\u5b83\u4f1a\u5728\u9996\u6b21\u8fd0\u884c\u5e94\u7528\u65f6\u7f13\u5b58\u7c7b\u52a0\u8f7d&#043;\u9a8c\u8bc1&#043;\u94fe\u63a5\u7ed3\u679c&#xff0c;\u5b58\u50a8\u5230\u7c7b\u6570\u636e\u5171\u4eab&#xff08;CDS&#xff09;\u7684\u5f52\u6863\u4e2d\u3002\u4e0b\u6b21JVM\u542f\u52a8\u52a0\u8f7d\u76f8\u540c\u5e94\u7528\u65f6&#xff0c;\u53ef\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528\u7f13\u5b58&#xff0c;\u907f\u514d\u91cd\u590d\u89e3\u6790\u9a8c\u8bc1&#xff0c;\u5927\u5e45\u52a0\u901f\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u5b9e\u6d4b\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5927\u578bSpring\u5e94\u7528\u542f\u52a8\u63d0\u5347\u53ef\u8d8540%\u3002\u6b64\u7279\u6027\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8eCDS\u4f46\u66f4\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u3002\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f&#xff1a; \u77ed\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u5de5\u5177\u6216Serverless\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u51b7\u542f\u52a8\u3001\u9891\u7e41\u91cd\u542f\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u7b49&#xff0c;\u5c06\u663e\u8457\u53d7\u76ca\u3002Java 24 \u8be5\u529f\u80fd\u9884\u89c8&#xff0c;\u9700\u8981\u5f00\u542f\u53c2\u6570&#xff0c;\u672a\u6765Java\u53ef\u80fd\u9ed8\u8ba4\u542f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e00\u4f18\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u7c7b\u6587\u4ef6 API \u6b63\u5f0f\u53d1\u5e03&#xff1a; Java 24 \u6b63\u5f0f\u63a8\u51fa\u4e86 ClassFile API&#xff08;JEP 484&#xff09;\u3002\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u6765\u8bfb\u5199 .class \u6587\u4ef6\u800c\u4e0d\u4f9d\u8d56\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5e93\u3002API\u4f4d\u4e8e java.lang.classfile \u5305\u4e0b&#xff0c;\u5305\u62ec ClassFile, ClassModel, MethodModel \u7b49&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u904d\u5386\u7c7b\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u7801\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u4f8b\u5982&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u5b83\u505a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u7c7b\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u6216\u8005\u5b57\u8282\u7801\u4fee\u6539\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7279\u6027\u66f4\u591a\u60e0\u53ca\u6846\u67b6\u548c\u5de5\u5177\u4f5c\u8005&#xff0c;\u4e00\u822c\u4e1a\u52a1\u4e0d\u4f1a\u76f4\u63a5\u7528\u3002\u4f46\u6709\u4e86\u5b98\u65b9API&#xff0c;\u50cfASM\u7b49\u5e93\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u6162\u6162\u8fc7\u6e21\u6216\u5c01\u88c5\u8be5API&#xff0c;\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c11\u7ef4\u62a4\u8d1f\u62c5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Stream::gather \u6b63\u5f0f\u53d1\u5e03&#xff1a; Java 24 \u901a\u8fc7 JEP 485 \u589e\u5f3a\u4e86 Stream API&#xff0c;\u5f15\u5165\u4e86 Stream.gather(Gatherer) \u65b9\u6cd5\u53ca Gatherer\u63a5\u53e3\u3002\u8fd9\u5141\u8bb8\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u6d41\u7684\u4e2d\u95f4\u64cd\u4f5c\u903b\u8f91&#xff0c;\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e4b\u524d\u96be\u4ee5\u8868\u8fbe\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u4e3e\u4f8b\u6765\u8bf4&#xff0c;\u4f7f\u7528 gatherer \u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u201c\u8df3\u8fc7\u91cd\u590d\u957f\u5ea6\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u201d\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u9700\u6c42&#xff0c;\u5982\u524d\u6587\u793a\u4f8b\u6240\u793a&#xff1a;\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a HashSet \u4f5c\u4e3a\u72b6\u6001&#xff0c;\u5728Gatherer\u6bcf\u6b21\u6536\u5230\u5143\u7d20\u65f6\u68c0\u67e5\u957f\u5ea6\u662f\u5426\u51fa\u73b0\u8fc7&#xff0c;\u6ca1\u51fa\u73b0\u8fc7\u5c31 push \u7ed9\u4e0b\u6e38&#xff0c;\u5426\u5219\u8df3\u8fc7\u3002Gatherer \u63a5\u53e3\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7c7b\u4f3c\u72b6\u6001\u673a\u7684\u94a9\u5b50&#xff0c;\u4f7f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6d41\u53ef\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u5185\u90e8\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f&#xff1a; \u590d\u6742\u6570\u636e\u6d41\u5904\u7406&#xff0c;\u5982\u6ed1\u52a8\u7a97\u53e3\u7edf\u8ba1\u3001\u8de8\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u53bb\u91cd\u3001\u6279\u91cf\u8f93\u51fa\u7b49&#xff0c;\u4ee5\u524d\u8981\u501f\u52a9\u5916\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf\u6216\u62c6\u5206\u6d41\u5904\u7406&#xff0c;\u73b0\u5728 gatherer \u4f7f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u903b\u8f91\u4f18\u96c5\u5730\u5185\u805a\u5728Stream\u7ba1\u9053\u4e2d\u3002\u8fd9\u5bf9\u9ad8\u7ea7Java\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u662f\u4e2a\u5f3a\u529b\u5de5\u5177\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u5e76\u53d1\u4e0e\u5185\u90e8\u6539\u8fdb<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u503c\u7b2c\u56db\u6b21\u9884\u89c8&#xff1a; ScopedValue \u5728 Java 24 \u8fdb\u5165\u7b2c4\u6b21\u9884\u89c8&#xff08;JEP 487&#xff09;\u3002\u5b83\u7684API\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u7a33\u5b9a&#xff0c;\u9884\u8ba1Java 25\u4f1a\u6b63\u5f0f\u63a8\u51fa\u53d6\u4ee3ThreadLocal\u7684\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u4f7f\u7528\u573a\u666f\u3002Java 24\u7684ScopedValue\u8db3\u591f\u6210\u719f&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5728\u865a\u62df\u7ebf\u7a0b\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u7528\u5b83\u4f20\u9012\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u6570\u636e\u3002\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8eThreadLocal&#xff0c;\u5b83\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5f15\u8d77\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f\u4e14\u6027\u80fd\u66f4\u597d&#xff0c;\u662f Loom \u8ba1\u5212\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u8865\u5145\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u865a\u62df\u7ebf\u7a0b\u540c\u6b65\u65e0Pinning&#xff1a; \u4e4b\u524dJava 21\u4e2d\u5f15\u5165&#xff0c;\u6b64\u5904\u5728Java 24 (JEP 491) \u5df2\u7ecf\u9ed8\u8ba4\u751f\u6548&#xff1a;\u865a\u62df\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5728\u9501\u4e2d\u963b\u585e\u65f6\u4f1a\u6302\u8d77\u81ea\u5df1&#xff0c;\u8ba9\u51fa\u8f7d\u4f53\u7ebf\u7a0b&#xff0c;\u5b9e\u73b0\u65e0Pinning\u9501\u3002\u5bf9\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u800c\u8a00&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u53ef\u4ee5\u653e\u5fc3\u5728\u865a\u62df\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u4f20\u7edf\u9501&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u5fc5\u62c5\u5fc3\u963b\u585eOS\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5bfc\u81f4\u5e76\u53d1\u5ea6\u4e0b\u964d\u3002\u8fd9\u5f7b\u5e95\u89e3\u51b3\u4e86\u4ee5\u5f80Fibers\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f3a\u9677&#xff0c;\u4f7f\u865a\u62df\u7ebf\u7a0b\u66f4\u52a0Transparent\u5730\u517c\u5bb9\u73b0\u6709\u540c\u6b65\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>jlink \u65e0\u9700 JMOD \u6587\u4ef6&#xff1a; Java 24 (JEP 493) \u6539\u8fdb\u4e86 jlink \u5de5\u5177&#xff0c;\u6253\u5305\u5b9a\u5236\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u955c\u50cf\u65f6\u4e0d\u518d\u9700\u8981JDK\u81ea\u5e26\u7684 .jmod \u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u8fd9\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86JDK\u5b89\u88c5\u4f53\u79ef\u7ea625%&#xff0c;\u5e76\u4e14\u4f7f\u5f97 jlink \u4f7f\u7528\u66f4\u7b80\u5355\u3002\u5bf9\u6700\u7ec8\u7528\u6237\u6765\u8bf4&#xff0c;Java 24\u7684JDK\u5305\u4f1a\u66f4\u5c0f&#xff0c;jlink\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u4e0d\u4f1a\u53d7\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u9884\u89c8\/\u5b75\u5316<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u6a21\u677f\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u9884\u89c8&#xff1a; \u867d\u7136Java 24\u53d1\u5e03\u65f6\u95f4\u672a\u6765&#xff0c;\u4f46\u53ef\u4ee5\u9884\u8ba1 String Templates \u53ef\u80fd\u5728Java 24\u7ee7\u7eed\u9884\u89c8\u751a\u81f3\u8f6c\u6b63\u3002JEP 430\u5728Java 21\u9884\u89c8&#xff0c;\u5f15\u8d77\u6781\u5927\u5173\u6ce8&#xff0c;Java 24 \u82e5\u63d0\u524d\u6210\u719f\u5c31\u53ef\u80fd\u6b63\u5f0f\u53d1\u5e03&#xff0c;\u5426\u5219\u4f1a\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u9884\u89c8\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u5982\u4f55&#xff0c;\u79bb\u6210\u4e3a\u6b63\u5f0f\u7279\u6027\u4e0d\u8fdc\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u9690\u5f0f\u7c7b\u5bfc\u5165&#xff08;\u9884\u89c8&#xff09;&#xff1a; JEP 485? \u5176\u5b9e\u6ca1\u6b64\u53f7&#xff0c;\u9690\u5f0f\u6a21\u5757\u5bfc\u5165JEP 476\u5728Java 24\u9884\u89c8\u4e86\u3002\u5b83\u5141\u8bb8\u50cf\u4e00\u4e9b\u811a\u672c\u8bed\u8a00\u4e00\u6837\u5bfc\u5165\u6574\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u7528\u9010\u4e2a\u5305\u58f0\u660eimport\u3002\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7279\u6027\u7528\u5904\u548c\u63a5\u53d7\u5ea6\u6709\u9650&#xff0c;\u5c1a\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u662f\u5426\u4f1a\u6700\u7ec8\u53d1\u5e03\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u603b\u7ed3&#xff1a; Java 24 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