{"id":48977,"date":"2025-07-30T14:19:00","date_gmt":"2025-07-30T06:19:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/48977.html"},"modified":"2025-07-30T14:19:00","modified_gmt":"2025-07-30T06:19:00","slug":"%e6%9c%8d%e5%8a%a1%e5%99%a8%e7%9a%84ssl%e8%af%81%e4%b9%a6%e5%ae%89%e8%a3%85%e5%a4%b1%e8%b4%a5%e6%80%8e%e4%b9%88%e5%8a%9e%ef%bc%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/48977.html","title":{"rendered":"\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684SSL\u8bc1\u4e66\u5b89\u88c5\u5931\u8d25\u600e\u4e48\u529e\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align:center\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/20250730061859-6889b953103c7.jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u88c5SSL\u8bc1\u4e66\u5931\u8d25\u53ef\u80fd\u7531\u591a\u79cd\u539f\u56e0\u5bfc\u81f4&#xff0c;\u4f8b\u5982\u914d\u7f6e\u9519\u8bef\u3001\u8bc1\u4e66\u6587\u4ef6\u95ee\u9898\u6216\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u73af\u5883\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u7b49\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5e38\u89c1\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u6392\u67e5\u6b65\u9aa4\u548c\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848&#xff0c;\u5e2e\u52a9\u60a8\u5feb\u901f\u5b9a\u4f4d\u548c\u89e3\u51b3SSL\u8bc1\u4e66\u5b89\u88c5\u5931\u8d25\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>1. \u786e\u8ba4SSL\u8bc1\u4e66\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u6027<\/h3>\n<h4>1.1 \u68c0\u67e5\u8bc1\u4e66\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u5426\u5b8c\u6574<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u786e\u4fdd\u60a8\u5df2\u83b7\u53d6\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6587\u4ef6&#xff1a;\n<li>SSL\u8bc1\u4e66\u6587\u4ef6&#xff08;\u901a\u5e38\u662f .crt \u6216 .pem \u683c\u5f0f&#xff09;\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u79c1\u94a5\u6587\u4ef6&#xff08;\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u751f\u6210&#xff0c; .key \u683c\u5f0f&#xff09;\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u4e2d\u95f4\u8bc1\u4e66\u6587\u4ef6&#xff08;CA \u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u4e2d\u95f4\u94fe\u8bc1\u4e66&#xff0c; .crt \u6216 .pem&#xff09;\u3002<\/li>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6587\u4ef6&#xff1a;\n<ul>\n<li>\u8054\u7cfb\u60a8\u7684SSL\u8bc1\u4e66\u63d0\u4f9b\u5546\u91cd\u65b0\u83b7\u53d6\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u6216\u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u6f0f\u6389\u751f\u6210\u79c1\u94a5\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4&#xff08;\u5982\u4f7f\u7528 openssl \u751f\u6210\u65f6&#xff09;\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>1.2 \u68c0\u67e5\u8bc1\u4e66\u4e0e\u79c1\u94a5\u662f\u5426\u5339\u914d<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u8bc1\u4e66\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u79c1\u94a5\u5fc5\u987b\u5339\u914d\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e24\u8005\u4e0d\u5339\u914d&#xff0c;SSL\u5b89\u88c5\u4f1a\u5931\u8d25\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u68c0\u67e5\u5339\u914d\u6027&#xff1a;\n<p>bash<\/p>\n<p>\u590d\u5236<\/p>\n<p> openssl rsa -noout -modulus -in your_private.key | openssl md5<br \/>\nopenssl x509 -noout -modulus -in your_certificate.crt | openssl md5<br \/>\n \u5982\u679c\u4e24\u8005\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4&#xff0c;\u5219\u8bf4\u660e\u8bc1\u4e66\u548c\u79c1\u94a5\u4e0d\u5339\u914d\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>2. \u68c0\u67e5\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u914d\u7f6e<\/h3>\n<h4>2.1 \u786e\u8ba4\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u652f\u6301SSL<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u786e\u4fdd\u60a8\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u542f\u7528\u4e86 SSL\/TLS \u6a21\u5757\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u76f8\u5173\u6a21\u5757&#xff1a;\n<ul>\n<li>Apache&#xff1a;\u786e\u8ba4\u542f\u7528\u4e86 mod_ssl \u6a21\u5757\u3002\n<p>bash<\/p>\n<p>\u590d\u5236<\/p>\n<p> sudo a2enmod ssl<br \/>\nsudo systemctl restart apache2\n <\/li>\n<li>Nginx&#xff1a;\u65e0\u9700\u989d\u5916\u6a21\u5757&#xff0c;\u4f46\u9700\u8981\u914d\u7f6e\u6b63\u786e\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>2.2 \u68c0\u67e5SSL\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>Apache&#xff1a;\n<ul>\n<li>\u6253\u5f00SSL\u865a\u62df\u4e3b\u673a\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6&#xff08;\u901a\u5e38\u4f4d\u4e8e \/etc\/apache2\/sites-available\/ \u6216 \/etc\/httpd\/conf.d\/&#xff09;\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u786e\u4fdd\u4ee5\u4e0b\u914d\u7f6e\u6b63\u786e&#xff1a;\n<p>apache<\/p>\n<p>\u590d\u5236<\/p>\n<p> &lt;VirtualHost *:443&gt;<br \/>\n    ServerName yourdomain.com<br \/>\n    SSLEngine on<br \/>\n    SSLCertificateFile \/path\/to\/your_certificate.crt<br \/>\n    SSLCertificateKeyFile \/path\/to\/your_private.key<br \/>\n    SSLCertificateChainFile \/path\/to\/ca_bundle.crt<br \/>\n&lt;\/VirtualHost&gt;\n <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Nginx&#xff1a;\n<ul>\n<li>\u6253\u5f00\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6&#xff08;\u901a\u5e38\u4f4d\u4e8e \/etc\/nginx\/conf.d\/ \u6216 \/etc\/nginx\/sites-available\/&#xff09;\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u786e\u4fdd\u4ee5\u4e0b\u914d\u7f6e\u6b63\u786e&#xff1a;\n<p>nginx<\/p>\n<p>\u590d\u5236<\/p>\n<p> server {<br \/>\n    listen 443 ssl;<br \/>\n    server_name yourdomain.com;<br \/>\n    ssl_certificate \/path\/to\/your_certificate.crt;<br \/>\n    ssl_certificate_key \/path\/to\/your_private.key;<br \/>\n    ssl_trusted_certificate \/path\/to\/ca_bundle.crt;<br \/>\n}\n <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>2.3 \u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u76d1\u542c\u4e86443\u7aef\u53e3<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u786e\u8ba4\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u662f\u5426\u76d1\u542c\u4e86443\u7aef\u53e3&#xff08;HTTPS\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7aef\u53e3&#xff09;&#xff1a;\n<p>bash<\/p>\n<p>\u590d\u5236<\/p>\n<p> sudo netstat -tuln | grep 443<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5982\u679c\u672a\u76d1\u542c&#xff0c;\u68c0\u67e5\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u662f\u5426\u542f\u7528\u4e86HTTPS\u76d1\u542c\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>3. \u68c0\u67e5\u8bc1\u4e66\u94fe\u548c\u4fe1\u4efb\u94fe<\/h3>\n<h4>3.1 \u68c0\u67e5\u4e2d\u95f4\u8bc1\u4e66\u662f\u5426\u6b63\u786e\u914d\u7f6e<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5982\u679c\u4e2d\u95f4\u8bc1\u4e66\u672a\u6b63\u786e\u914d\u7f6e&#xff0c;\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u663e\u793a\u201c\u8bc1\u4e66\u4e0d\u53d7\u4fe1\u4efb\u201d\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u6240\u6709\u4e2d\u95f4\u8bc1\u4e66\u5e94\u5728 ca_bundle.crt \u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5408\u5e76\u8bc1\u4e66\u94fe&#xff08;\u5982\u6ca1\u6709 ca_bundle.crt \u6587\u4ef6&#xff09;&#xff1a;\n<p>bash<\/p>\n<p>\u590d\u5236<\/p>\n<p> cat your_certificate.crt intermediate_certificate.crt &gt; ca_bundle.crt\n <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>3.2 \u9a8c\u8bc1\u8bc1\u4e66\u94fe<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528 openssl \u68c0\u67e5\u8bc1\u4e66\u94fe\u662f\u5426\u6b63\u786e&#xff1a;\n<p>bash<\/p>\n<p>\u590d\u5236<\/p>\n<p> openssl verify -CAfile ca_bundle.crt your_certificate.crt<br \/>\n \u5982\u679c\u8f93\u51fa\u663e\u793a &#034;OK&#034;&#xff0c;\u8bf4\u660e\u8bc1\u4e66\u94fe\u6b63\u786e\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>4. \u68c0\u67e5\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u65e5\u5fd7<\/h3>\n<h4>4.1 \u67e5\u770b\u9519\u8bef\u65e5\u5fd7<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u68c0\u67e5\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u65e5\u5fd7\u4ee5\u5b9a\u4f4d\u95ee\u9898&#xff1a;\n<ul>\n<li>Apache&#xff1a;\n<p>bash<\/p>\n<p>\u590d\u5236<\/p>\n<p> sudo tail -f \/var\/log\/apache2\/error.log\n <\/li>\n<li>Nginx&#xff1a;\n<p>bash<\/p>\n<p>\u590d\u5236<\/p>\n<p> sudo tail -f \/var\/log\/nginx\/error.log\n <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u5e38\u89c1\u9519\u8bef\u53ca\u89e3\u51b3&#xff1a;\n<ul>\n<li>SSL_ERROR_BAD_CERT_DOMAIN&#xff1a;\u57df\u540d\u4e0e\u8bc1\u4e66\u4e0d\u5339\u914d\u3002\n<ul>\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528 openssl \u68c0\u67e5\u8bc1\u4e66\u57df\u540d&#xff1a;\n<p>bash<\/p>\n<p>\u590d\u5236<\/p>\n<p> openssl x509 -in your_certificate.crt -noout -text | grep &#034;DNS:&#034;<br \/>\n \u786e\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4e66\u57df\u540d\u5305\u542b yourdomain.com \u548c www.yourdomain.com\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>SSL_ERROR_SYSCALL&#xff1a;\u6743\u9650\u95ee\u9898\u6216\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84\u9519\u8bef\u3002\n<ul>\n<li>\u786e\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4e66\u548c\u79c1\u94a5\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650\u6b63\u786e&#xff1a;\n<p>bash<\/p>\n<p>\u590d\u5236<\/p>\n<p> sudo chmod 600 \/path\/to\/your_private.key\n <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>5. \u68c0\u67e5\u8bc1\u4e66\u7b7e\u53d1\u95ee\u9898<\/h3>\n<h4>5.1 \u786e\u8ba4\u8bc1\u4e66\u662f\u5426\u8fc7\u671f<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528 openssl \u68c0\u67e5\u8bc1\u4e66\u7684\u6709\u6548\u671f&#xff1a;\n<p>bash<\/p>\n<p>\u590d\u5236<\/p>\n<p> openssl x509 -in your_certificate.crt -noout -dates<br \/>\n \u5982\u679c\u8bc1\u4e66\u5df2\u8fc7\u671f&#xff0c;\u9700\u91cd\u65b0\u7533\u8bf7\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>5.2 \u786e\u8ba4\u57df\u540d\u9a8c\u8bc1\u662f\u5426\u5b8c\u6210<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u4f7f\u7528 Let\u2019s Encrypt \u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u514d\u8d39SSL\u8bc1\u4e66&#xff0c;\u786e\u4fdd\u57df\u540d\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5df2\u6210\u529f&#xff1a;\n<ul>\n<li>\u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u6b63\u786e\u914d\u7f6e\u4e86DNS\u8bb0\u5f55\u6216\u653e\u7f6e\u4e86\u9a8c\u8bc1\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5bf9 Let\u2019s Encrypt \u7528\u6237&#xff1a;\n<p>bash<\/p>\n<p>\u590d\u5236<\/p>\n<p> sudo certbot renew &#8211;dry-run\n <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>6. \u9a8c\u8bc1\u914d\u7f6e\u5e76\u91cd\u542f\u670d\u52a1<\/h3>\n<h4>6.1 \u9a8c\u8bc1\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u5426\u6b63\u786e<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>Apache&#xff1a;\n<p>bash<\/p>\n<p>\u590d\u5236<\/p>\n<p> sudo apachectl configtest<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5982\u679c\u6709\u8bed\u6cd5\u9519\u8bef&#xff0c;\u4fee\u590d\u540e\u91cd\u8bd5\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Nginx&#xff1a;\n<p>bash<\/p>\n<p>\u590d\u5236<\/p>\n<p> sudo nginx -t<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u786e\u4fdd\u8f93\u51fa\u4e3a &#034;syntax is ok&#034;\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>6.2 \u91cd\u542f\u670d\u52a1<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u91cd\u542f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4ee5\u5e94\u7528SSL\u914d\u7f6e&#xff1a;\n<ul>\n<li>Apache&#xff1a;\n<p>bash<\/p>\n<p>\u590d\u5236<\/p>\n<p> sudo systemctl restart apache2\n <\/li>\n<li>Nginx&#xff1a;\n<p>bash<\/p>\n<p>\u590d\u5236<\/p>\n<p> sudo systemctl restart nginx\n <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>7. \u6d4b\u8bd5SSL\u8bc1\u4e66\u5b89\u88c5<\/h3>\n<h4>7.1 \u4f7f\u7528\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u8bbf\u95ee\u60a8\u7684\u7f51\u7ad9 https:\/\/yourdomain.com&#xff0c;\u786e\u4fdd\u6ca1\u6709\u5b89\u5168\u8b66\u544a\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5982\u679c\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u663e\u793a\u201c\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u201d&#xff0c;\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u95ee\u9898&#xff1a;\n<ul>\n<li>\u4e2d\u95f4\u8bc1\u4e66\u672a\u914d\u7f6e\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u57df\u540d\u4e0e\u8bc1\u4e66\u4e0d\u5339\u914d\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>7.2 \u4f7f\u7528\u5728\u7ebf\u5de5\u5177\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5de5\u5177\u68c0\u67e5SSL\u914d\u7f6e\u662f\u5426\u6b63\u786e&#xff1a;\n<ul>\n<li>SSL Labs&#xff1a;\u8be6\u7ec6\u5206\u6790SSL\u8bc1\u4e66\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/li>\n<li>Why No Padlock&#xff1a;\u68c0\u67e5HTTPS\u914d\u7f6e\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>8. \u5e38\u89c1\u95ee\u9898\u53ca\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848<\/h3>\n<table>\n<tr>\u95ee\u9898\u539f\u56e0\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848<\/tr>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u8bc1\u4e66\u4e0e\u79c1\u94a5\u4e0d\u5339\u914d<\/td>\n<td>\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u79c1\u94a5\u6216\u91cd\u65b0\u751f\u6210\u4e86CSR\u3002<\/td>\n<td>\u91cd\u65b0\u751f\u6210CSR\u5e76\u91cd\u65b0\u7533\u8bf7\u8bc1\u4e66&#xff0c;\u786e\u4fdd\u79c1\u94a5\u548c\u8bc1\u4e66\u5339\u914d\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u57df\u540d\u4e0e\u8bc1\u4e66\u4e0d\u5339\u914d<\/td>\n<td>\u8bc1\u4e66\u672a\u5305\u542b\u5f53\u524d\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u57df\u540d\u3002<\/td>\n<td>\u7533\u8bf7\u5305\u542b\u6b63\u786e\u57df\u540d\u7684\u8bc1\u4e66&#xff08;\u5982\u901a\u914d\u7b26\u8bc1\u4e66\u652f\u6301 *.example.com&#xff09;\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u4e2d\u95f4\u8bc1\u4e66\u672a\u914d\u7f6e<\/td>\n<td>\u5fd8\u8bb0\u914d\u7f6e\u4e2d\u95f4\u8bc1\u4e66\u6216\u94fe\u6587\u4ef6\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/td>\n<td>\u786e\u4fdd ca_bundle.crt \u6587\u4ef6\u6b63\u786e\u914d\u7f6e\u5e76\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e2d\u52a0\u8f7d\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u6743\u9650\u4e0d\u8db3\u6216\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84\u9519\u8bef<\/td>\n<td>\u8bc1\u4e66\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u79c1\u94a5\u6743\u9650\u8fc7\u9ad8\u6216\u8def\u5f84\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/td>\n<td>\u786e\u4fdd\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84\u6b63\u786e&#xff0c;\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650\u4e3a 600\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Let\u2019s Encrypt \u57df\u540d\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5931\u8d25<\/td>\n<td>DNS\u8bb0\u5f55\u672a\u751f\u6548\u6216\u9a8c\u8bc1\u6587\u4ef6\u672a\u4e0a\u4f20\u5230\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002<\/td>\n<td>\u68c0\u67e5DNS\u6216ACME\u9a8c\u8bc1\u6587\u4ef6&#xff0c;\u5e76\u91cd\u65b0\u8fd0\u884c certbot \u547d\u4ee4\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<hr 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