\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u6784\u5efa\u73b0\u4ee3\u5f02\u6b65 Web \u5e94\u7528\u65f6，\u662f\u5426\u66fe\u4e3a\u5bfb\u627e\u4e00\u4e2a\u65e2\u80fd\u53d1\u6325 Python \u5f02\u6b65\u4f18\u52bf，\u53c8\u80fd\u517c\u987e\u5f00\u53d1\u6548\u7387\u4e0e\u751f\u4ea7\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u800c\u82e6\u607c？\u4eca\u5929\u8981\u804a\u7684 Uvicorn，\u6b63\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u4e8e ASGI \u89c4\u8303\u7684\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd Web \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b9e\u73b0，\u5b83\u4e0d\u4ec5\u586b\u8865\u4e86 Python \u5f02\u6b65\u6846\u67b6\u5e95\u5c42\u63a5\u53e3\u7684\u7a7a\u767d，\u8fd8\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4ece\u5f00\u53d1\u5230\u90e8\u7f72\u7684\u5168\u6d41\u7a0b\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765，\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u4ece\u6838\u5fc3\u6982\u5ff5\u5230\u5b9e\u6218\u5e94\u7528，\u4e00\u6b65\u6b65\u63ed\u5f00 Uvicorn \u7684\u6280\u672f\u9762\u7eb1\u3002<\/p>\n
Python \u7684\u5f02\u6b65\u7f16\u7a0b\u751f\u6001\u53d1\u5c55\u8fc5\u731b，\u4f46\u957f\u671f\u4ee5\u6765\u7f3a\u4e4f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u5f02\u6b65\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0e\u5e94\u7528\u63a5\u53e3\u6807\u51c6\u3002\u76f4\u5230 ASGI（Asynchronous Server Gateway Interface）\u89c4\u8303\u7684\u51fa\u73b0，\u624d\u771f\u6b63\u6253\u901a\u4e86\u5f02\u6b65\u6846\u67b6\u4e0e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u58c1\u5792\u3002Uvicorn \u4f5c\u4e3a ASGI \u7684\u4f18\u79c0\u5b9e\u73b0，\u76ee\u524d\u5df2\u652f\u6301 HTTP\/1.1 \u548c WebSocket \u534f\u8bae，\u6210\u4e3a\u8fde\u63a5\u5f02\u6b65\u6846\u67b6\u4e0e\u5e95\u5c42\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6865\u6881\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5bf9\u6bd4\u4f20\u7edf\u7684 WSGI \u63a5\u53e3，ASGI \u6700\u5927\u7684\u7a81\u7834\u5728\u4e8e\u5bf9\u957f\u8fde\u63a5\u573a\u666f\u7684\u652f\u6301\u3002\u5728 WSGI \u65f6\u4ee3，\u6211\u4eec\u5904\u7406 WebSocket \u6216\u957f\u8f6e\u8be2\u8bf7\u6c42\u65f6\u5e38\u5e38\u6349\u895f\u89c1\u8098，\u800c ASGI \u901a\u8fc7\u5f02\u6b65\u6a21\u578b\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u8f7b\u677e\u5e94\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u573a\u666f\u3002\u60f3\u8c61\u4e00\u4e0b，\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u5f00\u53d1\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u65f6\u804a\u5929\u5e94\u7528\u65f6，ASGI \u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u540c\u65f6\u5904\u7406\u591a\u4e2a WebSocket \u8fde\u63a5，\u800c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u56e0\u67d0\u4e00\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u963b\u585e\u5f71\u54cd\u6574\u4f53\u6027\u80fd，\u8fd9\u6b63\u662f\u73b0\u4ee3\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u5e94\u7528\u6240\u6025\u9700\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7 pip \u8f7b\u677e\u5b89\u88c5 Uvicorn，\u6839\u636e\u4e0d\u540c\u9700\u6c42\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u5b89\u88c5\u65b9\u5f0f：<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
python<\/p>\n
pip install uvicorn<\/p>\n
python<\/p>\n
pip install 'uvicorn[standard]'<\/p>\n
\u6807\u51c6\u5b89\u88c5\u4f1a\u5e26\u6765\u663e\u8457\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u63d0\u5347：\u5b83\u4f1a\u4f18\u5148\u5b89\u88c5 uvloop（Cython \u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5faa\u73af，\u66ff\u6362\u5185\u7f6e asyncio）\u548c httptools（\u4f18\u5316 HTTP \u534f\u8bae\u5904\u7406）\u3002\u5b9e\u6d4b\u663e\u793a，\u4f7f\u7528 uvloop \u540e\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5faa\u73af\u6548\u7387\u53ef\u63d0\u5347 3-5 \u500d，\u800c httptools \u5904\u7406 HTTP \u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u4e5f\u8fdc\u9ad8\u4e8e\u7eaf Python \u5b9e\u73b0\u7684 h11\u3002<\/p>\n
python<\/p>\n
# main.py
\nasync def app(scope, receive, send):
\n assert scope['type'] == 'http'
\n await send({
\n 'type': 'http.response.start',
\n 'status': 200,
\n 'headers': [(b'content-type', b'text\/plain'), (b'content-length', b'13')]
\n })
\n await send({
\n 'type': 'http.response.body',
\n 'body': b'Hello, world!'
\n })<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6781\u7b80\u5e94\u7528\u5305\u542b\u4e86 ASGI \u5e94\u7528\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u8981\u7d20：<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
{
\n 'type': 'http',
\n 'scheme': 'http',
\n 'root_path': '',
\n 'server': ('127.0.0.1', 8000),
\n 'http_version': '1.1',
\n 'method': 'GET',
\n 'path': '\/',
\n 'headers': [(b'host', b'127.0.0.1:8000'), …]
\n}<\/p>\n
bash<\/p>\n
uvicorn main:app<\/p>\n
\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4f1a\u5728127.0.0.1:8000\u542f\u52a8\u670d\u52a1，\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u8bbf\u95ee\u5373\u53ef\u770b\u5230 "Hello, world!"\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684main:app\u8868\u793a\u4ece main \u6a21\u5757\u4e2d\u52a0\u8f7d\u540d\u4e3a app \u7684 ASGI \u5e94\u7528\u5b9e\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n
Uvicorn \u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u5de5\u5177\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u9009\u9879，\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5176\u5206\u4e3a\u51e0\u5927\u529f\u80fd\u6a21\u5757：<\/p>\n
\u9664\u4e86\u547d\u4ee4\u884c，\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u76f4\u63a5\u542f\u52a8 Uvicorn，\u8fd9\u5728\u9700\u8981\u52a8\u6001\u914d\u7f6e\u6216\u96c6\u6210\u5230\u5176\u4ed6\u7cfb\u7edf\u65f6\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n
python<\/p>\n
import uvicorn<\/p>\n
async def app(scope, receive, send):
\n # \u5e94\u7528\u903b\u8f91…<\/p>\n
if __name__ == "__main__":
\n uvicorn.run("main:app", port=5000, log_level="info")<\/p>\n
python<\/p>\n
import uvicorn<\/p>\n
async def app(scope, receive, send):
\n # \u5e94\u7528\u903b\u8f91…<\/p>\n
if __name__ == "__main__":
\n config = uvicorn.Config("main:app", port=5000, log_level="info", workers=4)
\n server = uvicorn.Server(config)
\n server.run()<\/p>\n
python<\/p>\n
import asyncio
\nimport uvicorn<\/p>\n
async def app(scope, receive, send):
\n # \u5e94\u7528\u903b\u8f91…<\/p>\n
async def main():
\n config = uvicorn.Config("main:app", port=5000)
\n server = uvicorn.Server(config)
\n await server.serve()<\/p>\n
if __name__ == "__main__":
\n asyncio.run(main())<\/p>\n
\u5728\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4e2d，\u63a8\u8350\u4f7f\u7528 Uvicorn \u4e0e Gunicorn \u7ed3\u5408\u7684\u90e8\u7f72\u65b9\u6848\u3002Gunicorn \u4f5c\u4e3a\u6210\u719f\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ba1\u7406\u5668，\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u70ed\u91cd\u542f\u3001\u52a8\u6001\u6269\u7f29\u5bb9\u7b49\u4f01\u4e1a\u7ea7\u529f\u80fd，\u800c Uvicorn \u5219\u53d1\u6325 ASGI \u7684\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u52bf\u3002<\/p>\n
bash<\/p>\n
pip install uvicorn-worker<\/p>\n
bash<\/p>\n
gunicorn example:app -w 4 -k uvicorn.workers.UvicornWorker<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u79cd\u90e8\u7f72\u65b9\u5f0f\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u65e2\u80fd\u4eab\u53d7 Gunicorn \u5b8c\u5584\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ba1\u7406\u80fd\u529b，\u53c8\u80fd\u5229\u7528 Uvicorn \u7684\u5f02\u6b65\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd，\u7279\u522b\u9002\u5408\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u3001\u957f\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u3002<\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u6df1\u5165\u4e86\u89e3 Uvicorn \u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u673a\u5236\u4e0e\u5b9e\u8df5\u5e94\u7528，\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230 ASGI \u89c4\u8303\u5982\u4f55\u4e3a Python \u5f02\u6b65\u5f00\u53d1\u5e26\u6765\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u5f00\u53d1\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u70ed\u91cd\u8f7d\u6548\u7387，\u8fd8\u662f\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u7684\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u90e8\u7f72，Uvicorn \u90fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5b8c\u5584\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3002\u5728\u6784\u5efa\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1 Web \u5e94\u7528\u6216\u5b9e\u65f6\u670d\u52a1\u65f6，\u4e0d\u59a8\u5c1d\u8bd5\u7528 Uvicorn \u4f5c\u4e3a\u4f60\u7684 ASGI \u5f15\u64ce，\u4f53\u9a8c\u5f02\u6b65\u7f16\u7a0b\u7684\u771f\u6b63\u5a01\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5982\u679c\u672c\u6587\u5bf9\u4f60\u6709\u5e2e\u52a9，\u522b\u5fd8\u4e86\u70b9\u8d5e\u6536\u85cf，\u5173\u6ce8\u6211，\u4e00\u8d77\u63a2\u7d22\u66f4\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u65b9\u5f0f～<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u6587\u7ae0\u6d4f\u89c8\u9605\u8bfb816\u6b21\uff0c\u70b9\u8d5e13\u6b21\uff0c\u6536\u85cf20\u6b21\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u6df1\u5165\u4e86\u89e3 Uvicorn \u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u673a\u5236\u4e0e\u5b9e\u8df5\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230 ASGI \u89c4\u8303\u5982\u4f55\u4e3a Python \u5f02\u6b65\u5f00\u53d1\u5e26\u6765\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u5f00\u53d1\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u70ed\u91cd\u8f7d\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u7684\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u90e8\u7f72\uff0cUvicorn \u90fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5b8c\u5584\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3002\u5728\u6784\u5efa\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1 Web \u5e94\u7528\u6216\u5b9e\u65f6\u670d\u52a1\u65f6\uff0c\u4e0d\u59a8\u5c1d\u8bd5\u7528 Uvicorn \u4f5c\u4e3a\u4f60\u7684 ASGI \u5f15\u64ce\uff0c\u4f53\u9a8c\u5f02\u6b65\u7f16\u7a0b\u7684\u771f\u6b63\u5a01\u529b\u3002_uvicorn<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[4725,2254,43],"topic":[],"class_list":["post-48800","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-server","tag-python","tag-uvicorn","tag-43"],"yoast_head":"\n