{"id":48606,"date":"2025-07-30T12:48:13","date_gmt":"2025-07-30T04:48:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/48606.html"},"modified":"2025-07-30T12:48:13","modified_gmt":"2025-07-30T04:48:13","slug":"%e7%94%9f%e4%ba%a7%e6%9c%8d%e5%8a%a1%e5%99%a8%e6%97%a5%e5%b8%b8%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8%e7%9a%84%e6%9c%80%e4%bd%b320%e4%b8%aalinux%e5%91%bd%e4%bb%a4","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/48606.html","title":{"rendered":"\u751f\u4ea7\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u65e5\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u6700\u4f7320\u4e2aLinux\u547d\u4ee4"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u540dLinux\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u5458&#xff0c;\u5728\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u5de5\u4f5c&#xff0c;\u4f60\u7684\u65e5\u5e38\u5de5\u4f5c\u90fd\u662f\u5173\u4e8e\u4fdd\u6301\u7cfb\u7edf\u7a33\u5b9a\u3001\u5b89\u5168&#xff0c;\u5e76\u53d1\u6325\u6700\u4f73\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u4ece\u6545\u969c\u6392\u9664\u5230\u8d44\u6e90\u76d1\u63a7\u548c\u786e\u4fdd\u6b63\u5e38\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4&#xff0c;\u4f60\u627f\u62c5\u7740\u591a\u91cd\u89d2\u8272&#xff0c;\u800c\u65f6\u95f4\u603b\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u5b9d\u8d35\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5c3d\u7ba1Linux\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6570\u5343\u6761\u547d\u4ee4&#xff0c;\u4f46\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u6240\u6709\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u90fd\u662f\u4f60\u65e5\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u7bb1\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u7136\u800c&#xff0c;\u6709\u4e00\u7ec4\u5f3a\u5927\u800c\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u547d\u4ee4&#xff0c;\u4f60\u4f1a\u6bcf\u5929\u4f7f\u7528&#xff0c;\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u7528\u591a\u6b21\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u672c\u6587\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u6211\u5c06\u5e26\u4f60\u4e86\u89e3\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u5fc5\u987b\u638c\u63e1\u768420\u4e2a\u6700\u57fa\u672c\u7684Linux\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u547d\u4ee4&#xff0c;\u5b83\u4eec\u662f\u4f60\u7528\u4e8e\u76d1\u63a7\u6027\u80fd\u3001\u7ba1\u7406\u65e5\u5fd7\u3001\u63a7\u5236\u670d\u52a1\u3001\u8c03\u8bd5\u95ee\u9898\u7b49\u591a\u79cd\u7528\u9014\u7684\u5f97\u529b\u5de5\u5177\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>1. htop &#8211; \u4e92\u52a8\u8fdb\u7a0b\u67e5\u770b\u5668<\/h3>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u8fd8\u5728\u4f7f\u7528 top&#xff0c;\u73b0\u5728\u662f\u65f6\u5019\u5207\u6362\u5230 htop \u4e86&#xff0c;\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f3a\u5927\u4e14\u7528\u6237\u53cb\u597d\u7684\u66ff\u4ee3\u54c1&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5e72\u51c0\u3001\u4e92\u52a8\u7684\u754c\u9762\u4e2d\u663e\u793a CPU\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u3001\u4ea4\u6362\u4f7f\u7528\u3001\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6811\u7b49\u66f4\u591a\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>htop<\/p>\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528\u7bad\u5934\u952e\u8fdb\u884c\u6eda\u52a8&#xff0c;F6\u7528\u4e8e\u5bf9\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f&#xff0c;F9\u7528\u4e8e\u6740\u6b7b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u6bd4\u624b\u52a8\u67e5\u627ePID\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528\u6740\u6b7b\u547d\u4ee4\u8981\u5bb9\u6613\u5f97\u591a\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/20250730044811-6889a40b943e5.avif\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<h3>2. lsof &#8211; \u5217\u51fa\u6253\u5f00\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u5957\u63a5\u5b57<\/h3>\n<p>lsof \u4ee3\u8868 \u5217\u51fa\u6253\u5f00\u7684\u6587\u4ef6&#xff0c;\u5b83\u662f\u8bc6\u522b\u54ea\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6b63\u5728\u4f7f\u7528 Linux \u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u76ee\u5f55\u6216\u7f51\u7edc\u7aef\u53e3\u7684\u6700\u5f3a\u5927\u5de5\u5177\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/p>\n<p>lsof -i :80<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u5c06\u663e\u793a\u5f53\u524d\u4f7f\u752880\u7aef\u53e3\u7684PID\u3001\u7528\u6237\u548c\u547d\u4ee4&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u5728\u60a8\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u65e0\u6cd5\u542f\u52a8\u56e0\u4e3a\u7aef\u53e3\u5df2\u88ab\u5360\u7528\u65f6\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u6709\u7528\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>3. journalctl &#8211; \u67e5\u770b\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e5\u5fd7&#xff08;Systemd&#xff09;<\/h3>\n<p>\u5728\u57fa\u4e8esystemd\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a&#xff08;\u5982RHEL 7&#043;\u3001CentOS 7&#043;\u3001Ubuntu 18.04&#043;&#xff09;&#xff0c;journalctl\u662f\u60a8\u8bbf\u95ee\u548c\u5206\u6790\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e5\u5fd7\u7684\u9996\u9009\u5de5\u5177\u3002<\/p>\n<p>journalctl -xe<\/p>\n<p>\u8be5\u547d\u4ee4\u663e\u793a\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7&#xff0c;\u91cd\u70b9\u5173\u6ce8\u9519\u8bef\u548c\u5173\u952e\u6d88\u606f &#8211; \u5f53\u67d0\u4e9b\u4e1c\u897f\u51fa\u73b0\u6545\u969c\u65f6\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/20250730044811-6889a40baf09e.avif\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u60f3\u67e5\u770b\u7279\u5b9a\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u5417&#xff1f;\u53ea\u9700\u6dfb\u52a0 -u \u6807\u5fd7&#xff0c;\u540e\u9762\u8ddf\u4e0a\u670d\u52a1\u540d\u79f0&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>journalctl -u nginx<\/p>\n<h3>4. systemctl &#8211; \u7ba1\u7406 Systemd \u670d\u52a1<\/h3>\n<p>\u5927\u591a\u6570\u73b0\u4ee3 Linux \u53d1\u884c\u7248\u5c06 systemd \u4f5c\u4e3a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u7cfb\u7edf&#xff0c;\u800c systemctl \u547d\u4ee4\u5141\u8bb8\u60a8\u542f\u52a8\u3001\u505c\u6b62\u3001\u91cd\u542f\u3001\u542f\u7528\u3001\u7981\u7528\u4ee5\u53ca\u68c0\u67e5\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u548c\u6709\u7528\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p># Check the status of a service<br \/>\nsystemctl status apache2<\/p>\n<p>Restart the SSH service<br \/>\nsystemctl restart sshd<\/p>\n<p>Enable Nginx to start at boot<br \/>\nsystemctl enable nginx<\/p>\n<h3>5. du \u2014 \u68c0\u67e5\u78c1\u76d8\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5<\/h3>\n<p>\u9700\u8981\u627e\u51fa\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u5360\u7528\u4e86\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u5417&#xff1f;du&#xff08;\u78c1\u76d8\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5&#xff09;\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e00\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u9996\u9009\u5de5\u5177\u3002<\/p>\n<p>du -sh \/var\/*<\/p>\n<p>\u6b64\u547d\u4ee4\u663e\u793a \/var \u4e2d\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u3002-s \u6807\u5fd7\u4e3a\u60a8\u63d0\u4f9b\u6458\u8981&#xff08;\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5217\u51fa\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6&#xff09;&#xff0c;-h \u4f7f\u8f93\u51fa\u66f4\u6613\u4e8e\u9605\u8bfb&#xff08;\u4f8b\u5982 MB\u3001GB \u800c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u5b57\u8282&#xff09;\u3002<\/p>\n<p>120M   \/var\/log<br \/>\n1.5G   \/var\/lib<br \/>\n4.0K   \/var\/tmp  <\/p>\n<h3>6. df &#8211; \u67e5\u770b\u78c1\u76d8\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5<\/h3>\n<p>\u60f3\u77e5\u9053\u60a8\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u78c1\u76d8\u4e0a\u8fd8\u5269\u591a\u5c11\u7a7a\u95f4\u5417&#xff1f;\u4f7f\u7528 df \u547d\u4ee4&#xff0c;\u5b83\u663e\u793a\u4e86\u6240\u6709\u6302\u8f7d\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5df2\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u78c1\u76d8\u7a7a\u95f4\u548c\u4ecd\u7136\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>df -h<\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u4f60\u5904\u7406\u6ee1\u76d8\u3001\u5907\u4efd\u6216\u7531\u4e8e\u6ca1\u6709\u5269\u4f59\u7a7a\u95f4\u800c\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u5d29\u6e83\u65f6&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u5fc5\u4e0d\u53ef\u5c11\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/20250730044811-6889a40bc87c3.avif\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<h3>7. free- \u68c0\u67e5\u5185\u5b58\u548c\u4ea4\u6362\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5<\/h3>\n<p>\u5185\u5b58\u4e0d\u8db3&#xff1f;\u4f7f\u7528\u514d\u8d39\u547d\u4ee4\u68c0\u67e5\u7cfb\u7edf\u6b63\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u5c11RAM\u548c\u4ea4\u6362\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>free -h<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/20250730044811-6889a40bdb669.avif\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<h3>8. uptime &#8211; \u68c0\u67e5\u7cfb\u7edf\u6b63\u5e38\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861<\/h3>\n<p>uptime \u547d\u4ee4\u663e\u793a\u60a8\u7684 Linux \u7cfb\u7edf\u5df2\u8fd0\u884c\u591a\u4e45&#xff0c;\u5f53\u524d\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u7528\u6237\u767b\u5f55&#xff0c;\u4ee5\u53ca\u8fc7\u53bb 1 \u5206\u949f\u30015 \u5206\u949f\u548c 15 \u5206\u949f\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5e73\u5747\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>uptime<\/p>\n<p>\u793a\u4f8b\u8f93\u51fa:<\/p>\n<p>10:42:35 up 3 days,  5:22,  2 users,  load average: 0.10, 0.25, 0.32<\/p>\n<h3>9. top &#8211; \u57fa\u672c\u5b9e\u65f6\u7cfb\u7edf\u76d1\u89c6\u5668<\/h3>\n<p>top \u7684\u7528\u6237\u53cb\u597d\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0d\u5982 htop&#xff0c;\u4f46\u51e0\u4e4e\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a Linux \u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u90fd\u9884\u88c5\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u6b63\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u6700\u5c0f\u5316\u6216\u65b0\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668&#xff0c;\u800c htop \u8fd8\u4e0d\u53ef\u7528&#xff0c;\u90a3\u4e48 top \u662f\u4f60\u7684\u5feb\u901f\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n<p>top<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/20250730044812-6889a40c00322.avif\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<h3>10. ps aux &#8211; \u83b7\u53d6\u6b63\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5feb\u7167<\/h3>\n<p>\u9700\u8981\u5feb\u901f\u67e5\u770b\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u6240\u6709\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5417&#xff1f;ps aux \u7ed9\u4f60\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u5feb\u7167\u2014\u2014\u8c01\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u4ec0\u4e48&#xff0c;\u4ed6\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u591a\u5c11CPU\u548c\u5185\u5b58&#xff0c;\u7b49\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<p>ps aux | grep apache<\/p>\n<p>\u6b64\u547d\u4ee4\u5217\u51fa\u6240\u6709\u8fdb\u7a0b&#xff0c;\u800c grep apache \u90e8\u5206\u4ec5\u8fc7\u6ee4\u51fa\u4e0e Apache \u76f8\u5173\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002\u5f53\u4f60\u8ddf\u8e2a\u670d\u52a1\u3001\u8c03\u8bd5\u95ee\u9898\u6216\u7f16\u5199\u76d1\u63a7\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u811a\u672c\u65f6&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u975e\u5e38\u65b9\u4fbf\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u60f3\u8981\u6df1\u5165\u4e86\u89e3\u5417&#xff1f;\u8bf7\u4f7f\u7528&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>ps aux &#8211;sort&#061;-%mem | head<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u663e\u793a\u4e86\u6309\u964d\u5e8f\u6392\u5217\u7684\u6700\u8017\u8d39\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>11. netstat\/ss &#8211; \u68c0\u67e5\u7f51\u7edc\u8fde\u63a5<\/h3>\n<p>\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u5458&#xff0c;\u4e86\u89e3\u54ea\u4e9b\u670d\u52a1\u5728\u4ec0\u4e48\u7aef\u53e3\u4e0a\u76d1\u542c\u4ee5\u53ca\u60a8\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u8fdc\u7a0b\u8fde\u63a5\u662f\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u591a\u5e74\u6765&#xff0c;netstat \u4e00\u76f4\u662f\u9996\u9009\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u4f46\u73b0\u5728&#xff0c;ss&#xff08;\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u7edf\u8ba1&#xff09;\u53d6\u4ee3\u4e86\u5b83 &#8211; \u5b83\u66f4\u5feb&#xff0c;\u66f4\u73b0\u4ee3&#xff0c;\u5e76\u4e14\u5f97\u5230\u79ef\u6781\u7ef4\u62a4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>ss -tuln<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/20250730044812-6889a40c13e3e.avif\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<h3>12. ip &#8211; \u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3\u548c\u8def\u7531<\/h3>\n<p>ip\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u65e7\u7684ifconfig\u548croute\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u73b0\u4ee3\u66ff\u4ee3\u54c1\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u4ecd\u5728\u4f7f\u7528ifconfig&#xff0c;\u662f\u65f6\u5019\u5207\u6362\u4e86\u2014\u2014ip\u66f4\u5f3a\u5927&#xff0c;\u79ef\u6781\u7ef4\u62a4&#xff0c;\u5e76\u4e14\u5728\u6240\u6709\u73b0\u4ee3Linux\u53d1\u884c\u7248\u4e2d\u9ed8\u8ba4\u53ef\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u91cc\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u4f60\u6bcf\u5929\u90fd\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u5b50\u547d\u4ee4&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>ip a        # Shows all IP addresses and network interfaces<br \/>\nip r        # Displays the system&#039;s routing table<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/20250730044812-6889a40c24514.avif\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<h3>13. ping &#8211; \u7f51\u7edc\u8fde\u63a5<\/h3>\n<p>\u8fd9\u662f\u68c0\u67e5\u60a8\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e3b\u673a&#xff08;\u7f51\u7ad9\u3001\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6216IP&#xff09;\u7684\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u548c\u6700\u5feb\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u5b83\u901a\u8fc7\u53d1\u9001ICMP&#xff08;\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u63a7\u5236\u6d88\u606f\u534f\u8bae&#xff09;\u56de\u663e\u8bf7\u6c42\u5e76\u7b49\u5f85\u56de\u590d\u6765\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>ping google.com<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u4e3b\u673a\u5904\u4e8e\u6b63\u5e38\u72b6\u6001\u5e76\u4e14\u53ef\u8bbf\u95ee&#xff0c;\u60a8\u5c06\u770b\u5230\u5e26\u6709\u65f6\u95f4\u3001TTL&#xff08;\u751f\u5b58\u65f6\u95f4&#xff09;\u548c\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7edf\u8ba1\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u56de\u590d\u3002\u60f3\u53ea\u53d1\u9001\u5c11\u91cf\u6570\u636e\u5305\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4e0d\u65ad\u6d2a\u6cdb\u5417&#xff1f;\u8bf7\u4f7f\u7528 -c \u9009\u9879&#xff08;\u7528\u4e8e\u8ba1\u6570&#xff09;:<\/p>\n<p>ping -c 4 google.com<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/20250730044812-6889a40c2f18c.avif\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<h3>14. traceroute\/tracepath &#8211; \u7f51\u7edc\u8def\u7531\u8c03\u8bd5<\/h3>\n<p>\u5f53\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6216\u7f51\u7ad9\u6ca1\u6709\u54cd\u5e94&#xff0c;\u800cping\u6ca1\u6709\u7ed9\u4f60\u4efb\u4f55\u7b54\u6848\u65f6&#xff0c;\u662f\u65f6\u5019\u67e5\u770b\u4f60\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u7684\u4f20\u8f93\u60c5\u51b5\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b83\u4eec\u5361\u5728\u54ea\u91cc\u4e86\u3002\u8fd9\u65f6&#xff0c;traceroute&#xff08;\u6216\u5176\u66ff\u4ee3\u5de5\u5177 tracepath&#xff09;\u5c31\u6d3e\u4e0a\u7528\u573a\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e9b\u547d\u4ee4\u663e\u793a\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u5305\u4ece\u4f60\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u5230\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u7684\u6574\u4e2a\u8def\u5f84&#xff0c;\u5217\u51fa\u4e86\u6cbf\u9014\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4e2d\u95f4\u8def\u7531\u5668\u6216\u8df3\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<p>traceroute google.com<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/20250730044812-6889a40c3f54e.avif\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<h3>15. nc (Netcat) &#8211; \u6d4b\u8bd5\u7aef\u53e3\u8fde\u901a\u6027<\/h3>\n<p>nc&#xff0c;\u7b80\u79f0Netcat&#xff0c;\u5e38\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u745e\u58eb\u519b\u5200\u3002\u5b83\u5bf9\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u548c\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u7528\u9014\u4e4b\u4e00\u662f\u68c0\u67e5\u8fdc\u7a0b\u673a\u5668\u4e0a\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u662f\u5426\u5f00\u653e\u548c\u53ef\u8fbe\u2014\u2014\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6545\u969c\u6392\u9664\u670d\u52a1&#xff0c;\u5982SSH\u3001\u7f51\u9875\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6216\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7aef\u53e3&#xff0c;\u975e\u5e38\u65b9\u4fbf\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5047\u8bbe\u4f60\u60f3\u6d4b\u8bd5\u8fdc\u7a0b\u670d\u52a1\u5668192.168.1.10\u4e0a\u7684SSH&#xff08;\u7aef\u53e322&#xff09;\u662f\u5426\u5f00\u653e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>nc -zv 192.168.1.10 22<\/p>\n<h3>16. rsync &#8211; \u901a\u8fc7SSH\u540c\u6b65\u6587\u4ef6<\/h3>\n<p>\u5728\u5907\u4efd\u6216\u540c\u6b65\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6&#xff0c;\u6ca1\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u6bd4 rsync \u66f4\u597d&#xff0c;\u5b83\u5feb\u901f\u3001\u9ad8\u6548\u4e14\u7f51\u7edc\u53cb\u597d\u3002\u4e0e scp \u4e0d\u540c&#xff0c;scp \u4f1a\u4ece\u5934\u5f00\u59cb\u590d\u5236\u6240\u6709\u5185\u5bb9&#xff0c;\u800c rsync \u53ea\u4f20\u8f93\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5df2\u66f4\u6539\u7684\u90e8\u5206&#xff0c;\u4ece\u800c\u8282\u7701\u4e86\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u5e26\u5bbd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>rsync -avz \/data\/ user&#064;remote:\/backup\/<\/p>\n<p>\u6b64\u547d\u4ee4\u7528\u4e8e\u5c06\u672c\u5730\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e0a \/data\/ \u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5185\u5bb9\u901a\u8fc7 SSH \u540c\u6b65\u6216\u590d\u5236\u5230\u8fdc\u7a0b\u670d\u52a1\u5668&#xff0c;\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u653e\u5165\u8be5\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684 \/backup\/ \u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>17. crontab &#8211; \u8ba1\u5212\u4efb\u52a1&#xff08;\u4efb\u52a1\u81ea\u52a8\u5316&#xff09;<\/h3>\n<p>\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u5458&#xff0c;\u60a8\u80af\u5b9a\u4e0d\u60f3\u6bcf\u5929\u624b\u52a8\u8fd0\u884c\u811a\u672c&#xff0c;\u5bf9\u5427&#xff1f;\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f crontab \u7684\u7528\u6b66\u4e4b\u5730&#xff0c;\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u60a8\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u65f6\u95f4\u81ea\u52a8\u5b89\u6392\u4efb\u52a1\u8fd0\u884c\u2014\u2014\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u8fd0\u884c\u5907\u4efd\u3001\u8f6e\u6362\u65e5\u5fd7\u8fd8\u662f\u53d1\u9001\u62a5\u544a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>crontab \u4ee3\u8868\u201ccron \u8868\u201d\u2014\u2014\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b\u7531 cron \u5b88\u62a4\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6309\u8ba1\u5212\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u5217\u8868\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u5b83\u5c31\u50cf\u662f\u60a8\u5728 Linux \u4e0a\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\u4efb\u52a1\u8c03\u5ea6\u5668.<\/p>\n<p>crontab -e<\/p>\n<p>\u6dfb\u52a0\u6761\u76ee&#xff0c;\u4f8b\u5982&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>0 2 * * * \/usr\/bin\/backup.sh<\/p>\n<p>crontab \u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u884c\u90fd\u9075\u5faa\u8fd9\u4e2a 5 \u5b57\u6bb5\u683c\u5f0f:<\/p>\n<p>* * * * *  command-to-run<br \/>\n\u2502 \u2502 \u2502 \u2502 \u2502<br \/>\n\u2502 \u2502 \u2502 \u2502 \u2514\u2500\u2500 Day of the week (0 &#8211; 7) [Sunday &#061; 0 or 7]<br \/>\n\u2502 \u2502 \u2502 \u2514\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500 Month (1 &#8211; 12)<br \/>\n\u2502 \u2502 \u2514\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500 Day of the month (1 &#8211; 31)<br \/>\n\u2502 \u2514\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500 Hour (0 &#8211; 23)<br \/>\n\u2514\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500 Minute (0 &#8211; 59)<\/p>\n<h3>18. tail -f &#8211; \u5b9e\u65f6\u65e5\u5fd7\u76d1\u63a7<\/h3>\n<p>\u5f53Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u51fa\u73b0\u95ee\u9898\u65f6&#xff0c;\u65e5\u5fd7\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u4f60\u5e94\u8be5\u9996\u5148\u67e5\u770b\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3002tail -f\u547d\u4ee4\u8ba9\u4f60\u5b9e\u65f6\u67e5\u770b\u65e5\u5fd7&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8c03\u8bd5\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<p>tail -f \/var\/log\/messages<\/p>\n<p>\u60f3\u8981\u8fc7\u6ee4\u7279\u5b9a\u670d\u52a1\u6216\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u5417&#xff1f;\u8bf7\u4e0e grep \u7ed3\u5408\u4f7f\u7528&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>tail -f \/var\/log\/syslog | grep sshd<\/p>\n<h3>19. chmod \u548c chown &#8211; \u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650\u548c\u6240\u6709\u6743<\/h3>\n<p>\u5728\u4efb\u4f55Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u7ba1\u7406\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u60a8\u63a7\u5236\u8c01\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbf\u95ee\u4ec0\u4e48\u5185\u5bb9&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>chmod \u8bbe\u7f6e\u6743\u9650&#xff08;\u8bfb\u53d6\u3001\u5199\u5165\u3001\u6267\u884c&#xff09;.<\/li>\n<li>chown \u66f4\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6240\u6709\u8005\u548c\u7ec4\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5b50:<\/p>\n<p>chmod 755 script.sh<br \/>\nchown user:user file.txt<\/p>\n<h3>20. find &#8211; \u641c\u7d22\u6587\u4ef6<\/h3>\n<p>\u9700\u8981\u5b9a\u4f4d\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6&#xff0c;\u4f46\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u5b83\u5728\u54ea\u91cc&#xff1f;find\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u4f60\u6700\u597d\u7684\u9009\u62e9&#xff0c;\u5b83\u529f\u80fd\u5f3a\u5927&#xff0c;\u7075\u6d3b&#xff0c;\u53ef\u6839\u636e\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u3001\u5927\u5c0f\u3001\u7c7b\u578b\u751a\u81f3\u4fee\u6539\u65e5\u671f\u8fdb\u884c\u641c\u7d22\u3002<\/p>\n<p>find \/var\/log -name &#034;*.log&#034;<\/p>\n<p>\u60f3\u8981\u6e05\u7406\u65e7\u6587\u4ef6\u5417&#xff1f;<\/p>\n<p>find \/tmp -type f -mtime &#043;7 -delete<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u5c06\u5220\u9664 \/tmp \u4e2d\u8d85\u8fc7 7 \u5929\u7684\u6587\u4ef6 \u2013 \u5bf9\u4e8e\u78c1\u76d8\u6e05\u7406\u811a\u672c\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>&#x1f525;\u8fd0\u7ef4\u5e72\u8d27\u5206\u4eab<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u7cfb\u7edf\u89c4\u5212\u4e0e\u7ba1\u7406\u5e08\u5907\u8003\u7ecf\u9a8c\u5206\u4eab<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u8f6f\u8003\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7cfb\u7edf\u67b6\u6784\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5e08\u5907\u8003\u5b66\u4e60\u8d44\u6599<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u8f6f\u8003\u4e2d\u7ea7\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7cfb\u7edf\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u5b66\u4e60\u8d44\u6599<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u8f6f\u8003\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7f51\u7edc\u89c4\u5212\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5e08\u5907\u8003\u5b66\u4e60\u8d44\u6599<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Kubernetes CKA\u8ba4\u8bc1\u5b66\u4e60\u8d44\u6599\u5206\u4eab<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>AI\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u5b66\u4e60\u8d44\u6599\u5408\u96c6<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u514d\u8d39\u6587\u6863\u7ffb\u8bd1\u5de5\u5177(\u652f\u6301word\u3001pdf\u3001ppt\u3001excel)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>PuTTY\u4e2d\u6587\u7248\u5b89\u88c5\u5305<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>MobaXterm\u4e2d\u6587\u7248\u5b89\u88c5\u5305<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>pinginfoview\u7f51\u7edc\u8bca\u65ad\u5de5\u5177\u4e2d\u6587\u7248<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Xshell\u3001Xsftp\u3001Xmanager\u4e2d\u6587\u7248\u5b89\u88c5\u5305<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u529e\u516c\u5ba4\u6478\u9c7c\u795e\u5668&#xff0c;\u4f2a\u88c5\u7535\u8111\u7cfb\u7edf\u66f4\u65b0\u4e2d<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Typora\u7b80\u5355\u6613\u7528\u7684Markdown\u7f16\u8f91\u5668<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Window\u8fdb\u7a0b\u76d1\u63a7\u5de5\u5177&#xff0c;\u80fd\u81ea\u52a8\u91cd\u542f\u8fdb\u7a0b\u548c\u5361\u6b7b\u68c0\u6d4b<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u6bd5\u4e1a\u8bbe\u8ba1\u9ad8\u8d28\u91cf\u6bd5\u4e1a\u7b54\u8fa9 PPT 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