{"id":48579,"date":"2025-07-30T12:38:39","date_gmt":"2025-07-30T04:38:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/48579.html"},"modified":"2025-07-30T12:38:39","modified_gmt":"2025-07-30T04:38:39","slug":"linux%e7%8e%af%e5%a2%83%e4%b8%8b%e7%9a%84udp%e9%80%9a%e4%bf%a1%ef%bc%9a%e6%9c%8d%e5%8a%a1%e5%99%a8%e4%b8%8e%e5%ae%a2%e6%88%b7%e7%ab%af%e5%bc%80%e5%8f%91%e8%af%a6%e8%a7%a3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/48579.html","title":{"rendered":"Linux\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u7684UDP\u901a\u4fe1\uff1a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0e\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5f00\u53d1\u8be6\u89e3"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>  \u672c\u6587\u8fd8\u6709\u914d\u5957\u7684\u7cbe\u54c1\u8d44\u6e90&#xff0c;\u70b9\u51fb\u83b7\u53d6  <img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"menu-r.4af5f7ec.gif\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/20250730043837-6889a1cd8cd1f.gif\" style=\"width:16px;margin-left:4px;vertical-align:text-bottom;cursor:text\" \/> <\/p>\n<p> \u7b80\u4ecb&#xff1a;UDP\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u4f20\u8f93\u5c42\u534f\u8bae&#xff0c;\u5728\u5b9e\u65f6\u6027\u8981\u6c42\u9ad8\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u975e\u5e38\u6d41\u884c\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5728Linux\u73af\u5883\u4e0bUDP\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0e\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u521b\u5efa\u8fc7\u7a0b&#xff0c;\u6db5\u76d6\u5957\u63a5\u5b57API\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u3001\u5730\u5740\u7ed3\u6784\u914d\u7f6e\u3001\u6570\u636e\u63a5\u6536\u4e0e\u53d1\u9001\u3001\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u5173\u95ed\u7b49\u5173\u952e\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002\u540c\u65f6&#xff0c;\u6587\u7ae0\u8fd8\u5c06\u63a2\u8ba8\u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406\u591a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8bf7\u6c42\u3001\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u3001\u9632\u706b\u5899\u548c\u7aef\u53e3\u8f6c\u53d1\u95ee\u9898&#xff0c;\u5e76\u5efa\u8bae\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u91cd\u4f20\u673a\u5236\u3002\u9ad8\u7ea7\u4e3b\u9898\u5982\u4f7f\u7528  gethostbyname()  \u548c  select()  \u51fd\u6570\u63d0\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u4e5f\u5c06\u5f97\u5230\u89e3\u91ca\u3002\u638c\u63e1\u8fd9\u4e9b\u77e5\u8bc6\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5728Linux\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u5f00\u53d1\u9ad8\u6548\u3001\u5b9e\u65f6\u7684UDP\u901a\u4fe1\u670d\u52a1\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002  <img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Linux UDP\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0e\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/20250730043837-6889a1cdb40cd.png\" \/> <\/p>\n<h2> 1. UDP\u534f\u8bae\u7b80\u4ecb <\/h2>\n<p> \u5728\u6570\u636e\u7f51\u7edc\u901a\u4fe1\u4e2d&#xff0c;UDP&#xff08;User Datagram Protocol&#xff0c;\u7528\u6237\u6570\u636e\u62a5\u534f\u8bae&#xff09;\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u65e0\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u4f20\u8f93\u534f\u8bae\u3002\u4e0eTCP\u76f8\u6bd4&#xff0c;UDP\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u66f4\u4e3a\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u65b9\u5f0f&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u5b83\u5728\u5904\u7406\u5927\u91cf\u6570\u636e\u5305\u65f6\u80fd\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u66f4\u4f4e\u7684\u5ef6\u8fdf\u3002 <\/p>\n<h3> \u7f51\u7edc\u901a\u4fe1\u57fa\u7840 <\/h3>\n<p> \u8981\u7406\u89e3UDP&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u638c\u63e1\u7f51\u7edc\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u7f51\u7edc\u901a\u4fe1\u662f\u6307\u901a\u8fc7\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7f51\u7edc\u8fdb\u884c\u4fe1\u606f\u4ea4\u6362\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u5b83\u901a\u5e38\u6d89\u53ca\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6a21\u5f0f&#xff0c;\u5176\u4e2d\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53d1\u9001\u8bf7\u6c42&#xff0c;\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u54cd\u5e94\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002 <\/p>\n<h3> UDP\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u4e0e\u4f18\u52bf <\/h3>\n<p> UDP\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u4f18\u52bf\u5728\u4e8e\u5176\u7b80\u5316\u7684\u5904\u7406\u6d41\u7a0b&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5efa\u7acb\u8fde\u63a5\u548c\u7ef4\u62a4\u8fde\u63a5\u72b6\u6001&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u63e1\u624b\u548c\u6325\u624b\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b&#xff0c;\u4ece\u800c\u5927\u5927\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u5f00\u9500\u548c\u5ef6\u8fdf\u3002UDP\u9002\u5408\u90a3\u4e9b\u5bf9\u5b9e\u65f6\u6027\u8981\u6c42\u8f83\u9ad8&#xff0c;\u4f46\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bb9\u5fcd\u4e00\u5b9a\u4e22\u5305\u7387\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f&#xff0c;\u5982\u89c6\u9891\u6d41\u548c\u5728\u7ebf\u6e38\u620f\u3002 <\/p>\n<h3> UDP\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f <\/h3>\n<p> \u4e00\u4e2a\u5178\u578b\u7684UDP\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u662fDNS&#xff08;Domain Name System&#xff0c;\u57df\u540d\u7cfb\u7edf&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u5b83\u4f7f\u7528UDP\u8fdb\u884c\u5feb\u901f\u7684\u57df\u540d\u89e3\u6790\u3002\u6b64\u5916&#xff0c;\u5b9e\u65f6\u89c6\u9891\u4f20\u8f93\u548cVoIP&#xff08;Voice over IP&#xff09;\u4e5f\u901a\u5e38\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8eUDP\u534f\u8bae&#xff0c;\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5e94\u7528\u9700\u8981\u6700\u5c0f\u5316\u7684\u5ef6\u8fdf\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4f20\u8f93\u7684\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u3002 <\/p>\n<p> \u5728\u4e86\u89e3\u4e86UDP\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u539f\u7406\u4e4b\u540e&#xff0c;\u4e0b\u4e00\u7ae0\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u63a2\u8ba8Linux\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u7684\u5957\u63a5\u5b57API&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u662f\u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u7f51\u7edc\u7f16\u7a0b\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002 <\/p>\n<h2> 2. Linux\u5957\u63a5\u5b57API\u4ecb\u7ecd <\/h2>\n<p> \u5728\u7406\u89e3\u7f51\u7edc\u7f16\u7a0b\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u77e5\u8bc6\u540e&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u6df1\u5165\u4e86\u89e3Linux\u4e0b\u7684\u5957\u63a5\u5b57API&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u4e9bAPI\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e0e\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7f51\u7edc\u5c42\u8fdb\u884c\u4ea4\u4e92\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u3002\u672c\u7ae0\u5185\u5bb9\u5c06\u5e2e\u52a9\u8bfb\u8005\u638c\u63e1\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9bAPI\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u7f51\u7edc\u8fde\u63a5&#xff0c;\u4e3a\u540e\u7eed\u7ae0\u8282\u4e2d\u6784\u5efaUDP\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u548c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u6253\u4e0b\u57fa\u7840\u3002 <\/p>\n<h3> 2.1 \u5957\u63a5\u5b57API\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6982\u5ff5 <\/h3>\n<p> \u5728\u5f00\u59cb\u7f16\u5199\u7f51\u7edc\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e4b\u524d&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u719f\u6089\u51e0\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u7f16\u7a0b\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6982\u5ff5&#xff0c;\u5b83\u4eec\u662f\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u7f16\u7a0b\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002 <\/p>\n<h4> 2.1.1 \u7f51\u7edc\u5b57\u8282\u5e8f\u4e0e\u4e3b\u673a\u5b57\u8282\u5e8f <\/h4>\n<p> \u7f51\u7edc\u4f20\u8f93\u9075\u5faa\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u5e8f&#xff0c;\u5373\u7f51\u7edc\u5b57\u8282\u5e8f\u3002\u800c\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5904\u7406\u5668\u67b6\u6784\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u5e8f&#xff08;\u79f0\u4e3a\u4e3b\u673a\u5b57\u8282\u5e8f&#xff09;\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u540c\u3002Linux\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u8f6c\u6362\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u5b57\u8282\u5e8f\u3002 <\/p>\n<p>#include &lt;arpa\/inet.h&gt;<\/p>\n<p>uint32_t htonl(uint32_t hostlong);<br \/>\nuint16_t htons(uint16_t hostshort);<br \/>\nuint32_t ntohl(uint32_t netlong);<br \/>\nuint16_t ntohs(uint16_t netshort);<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>  htonl  \u51fd\u6570\u5c06\u4e3b\u673a\u5b57\u8282\u5e8f\u768432\u4f4d\u957f\u6574\u578b\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u7f51\u7edc\u5b57\u8282\u5e8f\u3002 <\/li>\n<li>  htons  \u51fd\u6570\u5c06\u4e3b\u673a\u5b57\u8282\u5e8f\u768416\u4f4d\u77ed\u6574\u578b\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u7f51\u7edc\u5b57\u8282\u5e8f\u3002 <\/li>\n<li>  ntohl  \u51fd\u6570\u662f  htonl  \u7684\u53cd\u5411\u8f6c\u6362\u3002 <\/li>\n<li>  ntohs  \u51fd\u6570\u662f  htons  \u7684\u53cd\u5411\u8f6c\u6362\u3002 <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4> 2.1.2 \u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u7c7b\u578b\u4e0e\u534f\u8bae\u65cf <\/h4>\n<p> \u5728Linux\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u662f\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u7aef\u70b9&#xff0c;\u6839\u636e\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u7c7b\u578b&#xff0c;\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u5206\u4e3a\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u578b&#xff0c;\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u4e09\u79cd\u57fa\u672c\u7c7b\u578b&#xff1a;\u6d41\u5f0f\u5957\u63a5\u5b57&#xff08;SOCK_STREAM&#xff09;\u3001\u6570\u636e\u62a5\u5957\u63a5\u5b57&#xff08;SOCK_DGRAM&#xff09;\u3001\u539f\u59cb\u5957\u63a5\u5b57&#xff08;SOCK_RAW&#xff09;\u3002\u6bcf\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u7279\u6027\u3002 <\/p>\n<p>#include &lt;sys\/socket.h&gt;<\/p>\n<p>int socket(int domain, int type, int protocol);<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>  domain  \u53c2\u6570\u6307\u5b9a\u4e86\u534f\u8bae\u65cf&#xff0c;\u4f8b\u5982  AF_INET  \u8868\u793aIPv4\u5730\u5740\u3002 <\/li>\n<li>  type  \u53c2\u6570\u6307\u5b9a\u4e86\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u7c7b\u578b\u3002 <\/li>\n<li>  protocol  \u53c2\u6570\u6307\u5b9a\u4e86\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u534f\u8bae\u3002 <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p> \u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u548c\u534f\u8bae\u65cf\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ec4\u5408\u4f7f\u7528&#xff0c;\u4f8b\u5982UDP\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u662f  AF_INET  \u548c  SOCK_DGRAM  \u3002 <\/p>\n<h3> 2.2 \u5957\u63a5\u5b57API\u51fd\u6570\u8be6\u89e3 <\/h3>\n<p> Linux\u4e2d\u7684\u5957\u63a5\u5b57API\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u4f9b\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u4f7f\u7528&#xff0c;\u672c\u8282\u6211\u4eec\u6df1\u5165\u4e86\u89e3\u51e0\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u51fd\u6570\u3002 <\/p>\n<h4> 2.2.1 \u521b\u5efa\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u51fd\u6570 <\/h4>\n<p> \u521b\u5efa\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u662f\u8fdb\u884c\u7f51\u7edc\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\u3002 <\/p>\n<p>int socket(int domain, int type, int protocol);<\/p>\n<p> \u521b\u5efa\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26&#xff0c;\u5b83\u662f\u540e\u7eed\u6240\u6709\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u5982\u679c\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u5931\u8d25&#xff0c;\u5219\u8fd4\u56de-1&#xff0c;\u5e76\u8bbe\u7f6e  errno  \u4e3a\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u7801\u3002 <\/p>\n<h4> 2.2.2 \u7ed1\u5b9a\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u51fd\u6570 <\/h4>\n<p> \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u9700\u8981\u7ed1\u5b9a\u81ea\u5df1\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u548c\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7&#xff0c;\u4ee5\u7b49\u5f85\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002 <\/p>\n<p>int bind(int sockfd, const struct sockaddr *addr, socklen_t addrlen);<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>  sockfd  \u662f  socket()  \u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u3002 <\/li>\n<li>  addr  \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6307\u5411  sockaddr  \u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u6307\u9488&#xff0c;\u5b83\u5305\u542bIP\u5730\u5740\u548c\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u3002 <\/li>\n<li>  addrlen  \u662f\u8be5\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u3002 <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4> 2.2.3 \u63a5\u53d7\u548c\u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e\u51fd\u6570 <\/h4>\n<p> \u6570\u636e\u7684\u63a5\u6536\u548c\u53d1\u9001\u662f\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u7f16\u7a0b\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u90e8\u5206\u3002 <\/p>\n<p>ssize_t sendto(int sockfd, const void *buf, size_t len, int flags,<br \/>\n               const struct sockaddr *dest_addr, socklen_t addrlen);<br \/>\nssize_t recvfrom(int sockfd, void *buf, size_t len, int flags,<br \/>\n                 struct sockaddr *src_addr, socklen_t *addrlen);<\/p>\n<p>  sendto()  \u51fd\u6570\u7528\u4e8e\u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e&#xff0c;  recvfrom()  \u51fd\u6570\u7528\u4e8e\u63a5\u6536\u6570\u636e\u3002 <\/p>\n<h3> 2.3 \u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u9009\u9879\u548c\u63a7\u5236 <\/h3>\n<p> \u6709\u65f6\u6211\u4eec\u5e0c\u671b\u4fee\u6539\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u6216\u8005\u67e5\u8be2\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u3002 <\/p>\n<h4> 2.3.1 \u8bbe\u7f6e\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u9009\u9879 <\/h4>\n<p>int setsockopt(int sockfd, int level, int optname, const void *optval,<br \/>\n               socklen_t optlen);<\/p>\n<p> \u901a\u8fc7  setsockopt()  \u51fd\u6570&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u9009\u9879&#xff0c;\u5982\u5141\u8bb8\u5e7f\u64ad\u53d1\u9001\u7b49\u3002 <\/p>\n<h4> 2.3.2 \u83b7\u53d6\u548c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u72b6\u6001 <\/h4>\n<p>int getsockopt(int sockfd, int level, int optname, void *optval,<br \/>\n               socklen_t *optlen);<\/p>\n<p> \u4f7f\u7528  getsockopt()  \u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u67e5\u8be2\u5f53\u524d\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u6216\u9009\u9879\u503c\u3002 <\/p>\n<h3> \u5c0f\u7ed3 <\/h3>\n<p> \u5728\u672c\u7ae0\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u8be6\u7ec6\u63a2\u8ba8\u4e86Linux\u5957\u63a5\u5b57API\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6982\u5ff5&#xff0c;\u5305\u62ec\u7f51\u7edc\u5b57\u8282\u5e8f\u4e0e\u4e3b\u673a\u5b57\u8282\u5e8f\u7684\u8f6c\u6362\u3001\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u7c7b\u578b\u4e0e\u534f\u8bae\u65cf\u3001\u521b\u5efa\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u3001\u7ed1\u5b9a\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u4ee5\u53ca\u53d1\u9001\u548c\u63a5\u6536\u6570\u636e\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e86\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u9009\u9879\u7684\u8bbe\u7f6e\u548c\u63a7\u5236\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u7406\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6982\u5ff5\u548c\u51fd\u6570\u5bf9\u4e8e\u540e\u7eed\u7ae0\u8282\u4e2d\u5b9e\u73b0UDP\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u548c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002 <\/p>\n<p> \u5728\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u7684\u7ae0\u8282\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u8fd0\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9bAPI\u521b\u5efa\u5b9e\u9645\u7684UDP\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u548c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef&#xff0c;\u5e76\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5176\u8bbe\u8ba1\u8981\u70b9\u548c\u5b9e\u73b0\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002 <\/p>\n<h2> 3. \u521b\u5efaUDP\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u548c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4 <\/h2>\n<h3> 3.1 \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u8bbe\u8ba1\u8981\u70b9 <\/h3>\n<h4> 3.1.1 \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u5730\u5740\u548c\u7aef\u53e3\u9009\u62e9 <\/h4>\n<p> \u5728\u8bbe\u8ba1UDP\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u65f6&#xff0c;\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u786e\u5b9a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u76d1\u542c\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u548c\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u3002\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5730\u5740\u9009\u62e9\u901a\u5e38\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u7f51\u7edc\u73af\u5883\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u5982\u679c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4ec5\u5904\u7406\u672c\u5730\u7f51\u7edc\u8bf7\u6c42&#xff0c;\u90a3\u4e48\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u79c1\u6709IP\u5730\u5740\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u5916\u90e8\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u60c5\u51b5&#xff0c;\u5e94\u9009\u62e9\u516c\u7f51IP\u5730\u5740&#xff0c;\u5e76\u786e\u4fdd\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u9632\u706b\u5899\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e2d\u662f\u5f00\u653e\u7684\u3002 <\/p>\n<p> \u7aef\u53e3\u9009\u62e9\u5e94\u9075\u5faaTCP\/IP\u7aef\u53e3\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u89c4\u8303&#xff0c;\u5e38\u7528\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u8303\u56f4\u57280\u523065535\u4e4b\u95f4\u30021024\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u4e00\u822c\u4fdd\u7559\u7ed9\u7cfb\u7edf\u670d\u52a1\u4f7f\u7528&#xff0c;\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5e94\u9009\u62e91024\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u3002\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u5e94\u907f\u514d\u4e0e\u7cfb\u7edf\u670d\u52a1\u6216\u5e94\u7528\u5df2\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u51b2\u7a81\u3002 <\/p>\n<h4> 3.1.2 \u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6846\u67b6\u642d\u5efa <\/h4>\n<p> UDP\u662f\u65e0\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u534f\u8bae&#xff0c;\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u65e0\u9700\u50cfTCP\u90a3\u6837\u8fdb\u884c\u4e09\u6b21\u63e1\u624b\u6765\u5efa\u7acb\u8fde\u63a5\u3002\u56e0\u6b64&#xff0c;UDP\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u901a\u5e38\u56f4\u7ed5\u7740\u5904\u7406\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u6765\u6784\u5efa\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u63d0\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u54cd\u5e94\u901f\u5ea6&#xff0c;\u901a\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6280\u672f\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002 <\/p>\n<p> \u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6846\u67b6\u4e3b\u8981\u7531\u4e3b\u5faa\u73af\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5305\u63a5\u6536\u3001\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u7ba1\u7406\u7b49\u7ec4\u6210\u3002\u4e3b\u5faa\u73af\u8d1f\u8d23\u76d1\u542c\u6570\u636e\u5305\u5230\u8fbe\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5e76\u5524\u9192\u63a5\u6536\u7ebf\u7a0b\u3002\u6570\u636e\u5305\u63a5\u6536\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4f7f\u7528  recvfrom()  \u51fd\u6570\u4ece\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u5305\u5e76\u8fdb\u884c\u5904\u7406\u3002\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u7ba1\u7406\u8d1f\u8d23\u7ef4\u62a4\u4e00\u7ec4\u5de5\u4f5c\u7ebf\u7a0b&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7ebf\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u5206\u914d\u53bb\u5904\u7406\u65b0\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u3002 <\/p>\n<h3> 3.2 \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8bbe\u8ba1\u8981\u70b9 <\/h3>\n<h4> 3.2.1 \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5730\u5740\u89e3\u6790\u4e0e\u8fde\u63a5 <\/h4>\n<p> UDP\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6bd4\u8f83\u7b80\u5355&#xff0c;\u5176\u6838\u5fc3\u4efb\u52a1\u662f\u5411\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e\u5305&#xff0c;\u5e76\u63a5\u6536\u6765\u81ea\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u3002\u5728\u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e\u4e4b\u524d&#xff0c;\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u57df\u540d\u89e3\u6790\u6210IP\u5730\u5740&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b65\u9aa4\u901a\u5e38\u901a\u8fc7  getaddrinfo()  \u51fd\u6570\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f&#xff0c;UDP\u4e0d\u6d89\u53ca\u7aef\u5230\u7aef\u7684\u8fde\u63a5&#xff0c;\u56e0\u6b64\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5efa\u7acb\u8fde\u63a5\u3002 <\/p>\n<h4> 3.2.2 \u6570\u636e\u53d1\u9001\u548c\u63a5\u6536\u6d41\u7a0b <\/h4>\n<p> UDP\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e\u65f6&#xff0c;\u9700\u8981\u6784\u9020\u76ee\u6807\u5730\u5740&#xff08;\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u548c\u7aef\u53e3&#xff09;\u5e76\u8c03\u7528  sendto()  \u51fd\u6570\u3002\u6570\u636e\u53d1\u9001\u540e&#xff0c;\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528  recvfrom()  \u51fd\u6570\u63a5\u6536\u6765\u81ea\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u3002\u7531\u4e8eUDP\u662f\u65e0\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u534f\u8bae&#xff0c;\u6240\u4ee5\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u54cd\u5e94\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u5730\u5740\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0e\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53d1\u9001\u8bf7\u6c42\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5730\u5740\u4e0d\u540c\u3002 <\/p>\n<p> \u4e3a\u4e86\u63d0\u9ad8\u53ef\u9760\u6027&#xff0c;UDP\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u8d85\u65f6\u91cd\u4f20\u673a\u5236\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5728\u6307\u5b9a\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u6ca1\u6709\u6536\u5230\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u54cd\u5e94&#xff0c;\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53ef\u4ee5\u518d\u6b21\u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e\u5305\u3002 <\/p>\n<h3> 3.3 \u4ee3\u7801\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e0e\u5206\u6790 <\/h3>\n<h4> 3.3.1 \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u5173\u952e\u4ee3\u7801 <\/h4>\n<p> \u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684UDP\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b&#xff0c;\u8be5\u793a\u4f8b\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u521b\u5efa\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u3001\u7ed1\u5b9a\u5730\u5740\u548c\u7aef\u53e3\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u5982\u4f55\u63a5\u6536\u548c\u5904\u7406\u6765\u81ea\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u3002 <\/p>\n<p>\/\/ UDP server code snippet<br \/>\n#include &lt;stdio.h&gt;<br \/>\n#include &lt;stdlib.h&gt;<br \/>\n#include &lt;string.h&gt;<br \/>\n#include &lt;sys\/socket.h&gt;<br \/>\n#include &lt;netinet\/in.h&gt;<\/p>\n<p>#define SERVER_PORT 8080<\/p>\n<p>int main() {<br \/>\n    int sockfd;<br \/>\n    struct sockaddr_in server_addr, client_addr;<br \/>\n    socklen_t client_addr_len &#061; sizeof(client_addr);<br \/>\n    char buffer[1024];<\/p>\n<p>    \/\/ \u521b\u5efaUDP\u5957\u63a5\u5b57<br \/>\n    sockfd &#061; socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);<br \/>\n    if (sockfd &lt; 0) {<br \/>\n        perror(&#034;socket creation failed&#034;);<br \/>\n        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);<br \/>\n    }<\/p>\n<p>    \/\/ \u7ed1\u5b9a\u5730\u5740\u548c\u7aef\u53e3<br \/>\n    memset(&amp;server_addr, 0, sizeof(server_addr));<br \/>\n    server_addr.sin_family &#061; AF_INET;<br \/>\n    server_addr.sin_addr.s_addr &#061; htonl(INADDR_ANY);<br \/>\n    server_addr.sin_port &#061; htons(SERVER_PORT);<br \/>\n    if (bind(sockfd, (const struct sockaddr*)&amp;server_addr, sizeof(server_addr)) &lt; 0) {<br \/>\n        perror(&#034;bind failed&#034;);<br \/>\n        close(sockfd);<br \/>\n        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);<br \/>\n    }<\/p>\n<p>    while (1) {<br \/>\n        \/\/ \u63a5\u6536\u6765\u81ea\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305<br \/>\n        ssize_t n &#061; recvfrom(sockfd, buffer, sizeof(buffer), 0, (struct sockaddr*)&amp;client_addr, &amp;client_addr_len);<br \/>\n        if (n &lt; 0) {<br \/>\n            perror(&#034;recvfrom failed&#034;);<br \/>\n            continue;<br \/>\n        }<\/p>\n<p>        \/\/ \u5904\u7406\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u7684\u6570\u636e<br \/>\n        buffer[n] &#061; &#039;\\\\0&#039;;<br \/>\n        printf(&#034;Received message: %s\\\\n&#034;, buffer);<\/p>\n<p>        \/\/ \u53d1\u9001\u54cd\u5e94\u7ed9\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef&#xff08;\u6b64\u5904\u7b80\u5355\u5730\u56de\u663e\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u7684\u6570\u636e&#xff09;<br \/>\n        sendto(sockfd, buffer, n, 0, (struct sockaddr*)&amp;client_addr, client_addr_len);<br \/>\n    }<\/p>\n<p>    \/\/ \u5173\u95ed\u5957\u63a5\u5b57<br \/>\n    close(sockfd);<br \/>\n    return 0;<br \/>\n}<\/p>\n<h4> 3.3.2 \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5173\u952e\u4ee3\u7801 <\/h4>\n<p> \u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684UDP\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b&#xff0c;\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u521b\u5efa\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u3001\u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e\u5305\u4ee5\u53ca\u63a5\u6536\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u3002 <\/p>\n<p>\/\/ UDP client code snippet<br \/>\n#include &lt;stdio.h&gt;<br \/>\n#include &lt;stdlib.h&gt;<br \/>\n#include &lt;string.h&gt;<br \/>\n#include &lt;sys\/socket.h&gt;<br \/>\n#include &lt;netinet\/in.h&gt;<br \/>\n#include &lt;arpa\/inet.h&gt;<\/p>\n<p>#define SERVER_IP &#034;127.0.0.1&#034;<br \/>\n#define SERVER_PORT 8080<\/p>\n<p>int main() {<br \/>\n    int sockfd;<br \/>\n    struct sockaddr_in server_addr;<br \/>\n    char buffer[1024];<\/p>\n<p>    \/\/ \u521b\u5efaUDP\u5957\u63a5\u5b57<br \/>\n    sockfd &#061; socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);<br \/>\n    if (sockfd &lt; 0) {<br \/>\n        perror(&#034;socket creation failed&#034;);<br \/>\n        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);<br \/>\n    }<\/p>\n<p>    \/\/ \u8bbe\u7f6e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5730\u5740\u548c\u7aef\u53e3<br \/>\n    memset(&amp;server_addr, 0, sizeof(server_addr));<br \/>\n    server_addr.sin_family &#061; AF_INET;<br \/>\n    server_addr.sin_port &#061; htons(SERVER_PORT);<br \/>\n    if (inet_pton(AF_INET, SERVER_IP, &amp;server_addr.sin_addr) &lt;&#061; 0) {<br \/>\n        perror(&#034;Invalid address\/ Address not supported&#034;);<br \/>\n        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);<br \/>\n    }<\/p>\n<p>    \/\/ \u5411\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e<br \/>\n    strcpy(buffer, &#034;Hello UDP Server!&#034;);<br \/>\n    if (sendto(sockfd, buffer, strlen(buffer), 0, (const struct sockaddr*)&amp;server_addr, sizeof(server_addr)) &lt; 0) {<br \/>\n        perror(&#034;sendto failed&#034;);<br \/>\n        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);<br \/>\n    }<\/p>\n<p>    \/\/ \u63a5\u6536\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u54cd\u5e94<br \/>\n    if (recvfrom(sockfd, buffer, sizeof(buffer), 0, NULL, NULL) &lt; 0) {<br \/>\n        perror(&#034;recvfrom failed&#034;);<br \/>\n        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);<br \/>\n    }<\/p>\n<p>    \/\/ \u663e\u793a\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u7684\u54cd\u5e94<br \/>\n    printf(&#034;Server replied: %s\\\\n&#034;, buffer);<\/p>\n<p>    \/\/ \u5173\u95ed\u5957\u63a5\u5b57<br \/>\n    close(sockfd);<br \/>\n    return 0;<br \/>\n}<\/p>\n<p> \u5728\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u548c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u901a\u8fc7\u53d1\u9001\u548c\u63a5\u6536\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u6d88\u606f\u8fdb\u884c\u901a\u4fe1\u3002\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7b80\u5355\u5730\u56de\u663e\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53d1\u9001\u7684\u6d88\u606f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u54cd\u5e94\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4ee3\u7801\u6bb5\u662f\u7406\u89e3UDP\u901a\u4fe1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u57fa\u7840&#xff0c;\u4e3a\u540e\u7eed\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u7f16\u7a0b\u9ad8\u7ea7\u6280\u5de7\u548c\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u57fa\u7840\u3002 <\/p>\n<h2> 4. \u63a5\u6536\u548c\u53d1\u9001UDP\u6570\u636e <\/h2>\n<p> \u5728UDP\u7f51\u7edc\u7f16\u7a0b\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u6570\u636e\u7684\u53d1\u9001\u548c\u63a5\u6536\u662f\u6838\u5fc3\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u4e0eTCP\u76f8\u6bd4&#xff0c;UDP\u534f\u8bae\u4e0d\u63d0\u4f9b\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u4fdd\u8bc1&#xff0c;\u56e0\u6b64\u5b83\u5141\u8bb8\u5728\u53d1\u9001\u7aef\u548c\u63a5\u6536\u7aef\u4e4b\u95f4\u8fdb\u884c\u66f4\u5feb\u901f\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4ea4\u6362&#xff0c;\u4f46\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u4e22\u5305\u3001\u4e71\u5e8f\u7b49\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u6709\u6548\u5730\u5229\u7528UDP&#xff0c;\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u9700\u8981\u7406\u89e3\u5982\u4f55\u9ad8\u6548\u5730\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684\u53d1\u9001\u548c\u63a5\u6536&#xff0c;\u5e76\u5728\u5fc5\u8981\u65f6\u5b9e\u73b0\u6570\u636e\u7684\u91cd\u4f20\u548c\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u673a\u5236\u3002 <\/p>\n<h3> 4.1 \u6570\u636e\u53d1\u9001\u673a\u5236 <\/h3>\n<h4> 4.1.1 \u4f7f\u7528sendto()\u51fd\u6570\u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e <\/h4>\n<p> \u5728UDP\u7f16\u7a0b\u4e2d&#xff0c;  sendto()  \u51fd\u6570\u7528\u4e8e\u5411\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u5730\u5740\u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u65f6&#xff0c;\u9700\u8981\u660e\u786e\u6307\u5b9a\u76ee\u6807\u5730\u5740&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u662fUDP\u4e0eTCP\u6700\u5927\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u4e4b\u4e00&#xff0c;\u540e\u8005\u5728\u5efa\u7acb\u8fde\u63a5\u540e&#xff0c;\u53d1\u9001\u7aef\u5c31\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u518d\u6307\u5b9a\u76ee\u6807\u5730\u5740\u3002 <\/p>\n<p>ssize_t sendto(int sockfd, const void *buf, size_t len, int flags,<br \/>\n               const struct sockaddr *dest_addr, socklen_t addrlen);<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>  sockfd  : \u662f\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26&#xff0c;\u7531  socket()  \u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de\u3002 <\/li>\n<li>  buf  : \u662f\u8981\u53d1\u9001\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u3002 <\/li>\n<li>  len  : \u662f\u8981\u53d1\u9001\u7684\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u3002 <\/li>\n<li>  flags  : \u901a\u5e38\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a0&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u4fee\u6539\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u3002 <\/li>\n<li>  dest_addr  : \u662f\u76ee\u6807\u5730\u5740\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53&#xff0c;\u5305\u542b\u76ee\u6807\u4e3b\u673a\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u548c\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u3002 <\/li>\n<li>  addrlen  : \u662f\u76ee\u6807\u5730\u5740\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u3002 <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p> \u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801&#xff1a; <\/p>\n<p>#include &lt;stdio.h&gt;<br \/>\n#include &lt;stdlib.h&gt;<br \/>\n#include &lt;string.h&gt;<br \/>\n#include &lt;sys\/socket.h&gt;<br \/>\n#include &lt;netinet\/in.h&gt;<br \/>\n#include &lt;arpa\/inet.h&gt;<\/p>\n<p>int main() {<br \/>\n    \/\/ \u521b\u5efaUDP\u5957\u63a5\u5b57<br \/>\n    int sockfd &#061; socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);<br \/>\n    if (sockfd &lt; 0) {<br \/>\n        perror(&#034;socket&#034;);<br \/>\n        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);<br \/>\n    }<\/p>\n<p>    \/\/ \u51c6\u5907\u6570\u636e<br \/>\n    char *message &#061; &#034;Hello UDP Server!&#034;;<br \/>\n    struct sockaddr_in server_addr;<br \/>\n    memset(&amp;server_addr, 0, sizeof(server_addr));<br \/>\n    server_addr.sin_family &#061; AF_INET;<br \/>\n    server_addr.sin_port &#061; htons(8080); \/\/ \u76ee\u6807\u7aef\u53e3<br \/>\n    inet_pton(AF_INET, &#034;127.0.0.1&#034;, &amp;server_addr.sin_addr); \/\/ \u76ee\u6807IP\u5730\u5740<\/p>\n<p>    \/\/ \u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e<br \/>\n    if (sendto(sockfd, message, strlen(message), 0,<br \/>\n               (struct sockaddr *)&amp;server_addr, sizeof(server_addr)) &lt; 0) {<br \/>\n        perror(&#034;sendto&#034;);<br \/>\n        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);<br \/>\n    }<\/p>\n<p>    \/\/ \u5173\u95ed\u5957\u63a5\u5b57<br \/>\n    close(sockfd);<br \/>\n    return 0;<br \/>\n}<\/p>\n<p> \u5728\u8fd9\u6bb5\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2aUDP\u5957\u63a5\u5b57&#xff0c;\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7  sendto()  \u51fd\u6570\u5c06\u4e00\u6761\u6d88\u606f\u53d1\u9001\u5230\u4e86\u672c\u5730\u4e3b\u673a\u76848080\u7aef\u53e3\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u786e\u4fdd\u6570\u636e\u80fd\u591f\u88ab\u6b63\u786e\u53d1\u9001&#xff0c;\u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u8c03\u7528  sendto()  \u51fd\u6570\u65f6\u6307\u5b9a\u76ee\u6807\u5730\u5740\u3002 <\/p>\n<h4> 4.1.2 \u5e7f\u64ad\u548c\u7ec4\u64ad\u7684\u6570\u636e\u53d1\u9001 <\/h4>\n<p> \u9664\u4e86\u5355\u64ad\u53d1\u9001&#xff0c;UDP\u8fd8\u652f\u6301\u5e7f\u64ad\u548c\u7ec4\u64ad\u3002\u5e7f\u64ad\u5141\u8bb8\u6570\u636e\u53d1\u9001\u5230\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0a\u7684\u6240\u6709\u4e3b\u673a&#xff0c;\u800c\u7ec4\u64ad\u5219\u662f\u53d1\u9001\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u3002\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u53d1\u9001\u65b9\u5f0f\u901a\u5e38\u5728\u6784\u5efa\u9700\u8981\u540c\u65f6\u5411\u591a\u4e2a\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u3002 <\/p>\n<p> \u5e7f\u64ad\u53d1\u9001\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u5e7f\u64ad\u6a21\u5f0f&#xff1a; <\/p>\n<p>int optval &#061; 1;<br \/>\nsetsockopt(sockfd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_BROADCAST, &amp;optval, sizeof(optval));<\/p>\n<p> \u7ec4\u64ad\u53d1\u9001\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u7ec4\u64ad\u5730\u5740\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u548c\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u7684\u8bbe\u7f6e&#xff0c;\u9700\u8981\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u9009\u9879&#xff0c;\u52a0\u5165\u7ec4\u64ad\u7ec4&#xff0c;\u5e76\u9009\u62e9\u9002\u5f53\u7684TTL&#xff08;Time-To-Live&#xff09;\u503c\u3002 <\/p>\n<h3> 4.2 \u6570\u636e\u63a5\u6536\u673a\u5236 <\/h3>\n<h4> 4.2.1 \u4f7f\u7528recvfrom()\u51fd\u6570\u63a5\u6536\u6570\u636e <\/h4>\n<p> \u4e3a\u4e86\u63a5\u6536\u6570\u636e&#xff0c;UDP\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u548c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4f7f\u7528  recvfrom()  \u51fd\u6570\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u7b49\u5f85\u5e76\u63a5\u6536\u6765\u81ea\u7279\u5b9a\u5730\u5740\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002 <\/p>\n<p>ssize_t recvfrom(int sockfd, void *buf, size_t len, int flags,<br \/>\n                 struct sockaddr *src_addr, socklen_t *addrlen);<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>  sockfd  : \u662f\u5df2\u7ecf\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u3002 <\/li>\n<li>  buf  : \u662f\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u6570\u636e\u7684\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u3002 <\/li>\n<li>  len  : \u6307\u5b9a  buf  \u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u3002 <\/li>\n<li>  flags  : \u4e00\u822c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a0\u3002 <\/li>\n<li>  src_addr  : \u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u5730\u5740\u3002 <\/li>\n<li>  addrlen  : \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u503c-\u7ed3\u679c\u53c2\u6570&#xff0c;\u7528\u4e8e\u5728\u8c03\u7528\u65f6\u6307\u5b9a  src_addr  \u7684\u5927\u5c0f&#xff0c;\u5728\u8fd4\u56de\u65f6\u7ed9\u51fa\u5b9e\u9645\u590d\u5236\u7684\u5730\u5740\u5927\u5c0f\u3002 <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p> \u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801&#xff1a; <\/p>\n<p>#include &lt;stdio.h&gt;<br \/>\n#include &lt;stdlib.h&gt;<br \/>\n#include &lt;string.h&gt;<br \/>\n#include &lt;sys\/socket.h&gt;<br \/>\n#include &lt;netinet\/in.h&gt;<br \/>\n#include &lt;arpa\/inet.h&gt;<\/p>\n<p>int main() {<br \/>\n    int sockfd &#061; socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);<br \/>\n    if (sockfd &lt; 0) {<br \/>\n        perror(&#034;socket&#034;);<br \/>\n        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);<br \/>\n    }<\/p>\n<p>    \/\/ \u51c6\u5907\u5730\u5740\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53<br \/>\n    struct sockaddr_in server_addr;<br \/>\n    memset(&amp;server_addr, 0, sizeof(server_addr));<br \/>\n    server_addr.sin_family &#061; AF_INET;<br \/>\n    server_addr.sin_port &#061; htons(8080); \/\/ \u672c\u5730\u7aef\u53e3<br \/>\n    server_addr.sin_addr.s_addr &#061; htonl(INADDR_ANY); \/\/ \u4efb\u4f55IP<\/p>\n<p>    if (bind(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&amp;server_addr, sizeof(server_addr)) &lt; 0) {<br \/>\n        perror(&#034;bind&#034;);<br \/>\n        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);<br \/>\n    }<\/p>\n<p>    char buffer[1024] &#061; {0};<br \/>\n    struct sockaddr_in client_addr;<br \/>\n    socklen_t client_len &#061; sizeof(client_addr);<\/p>\n<p>    \/\/ \u63a5\u6536\u6570\u636e<br \/>\n    ssize_t num_bytes &#061; recvfrom(sockfd, buffer, sizeof(buffer), 0,<br \/>\n                                (struct sockaddr *)&amp;client_addr, &amp;client_len);<br \/>\n    if (num_bytes &lt; 0) {<br \/>\n        perror(&#034;recvfrom&#034;);<br \/>\n        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);<br \/>\n    }<\/p>\n<p>    printf(&#034;Received message: %s\\\\n&#034;, buffer);<\/p>\n<p>    \/\/ \u5173\u95ed\u5957\u63a5\u5b57<br \/>\n    close(sockfd);<br \/>\n    return 0;<br \/>\n}<\/p>\n<p> \u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2aUDP\u5957\u63a5\u5b57&#xff0c;\u5e76\u7ed1\u5b9a\u5230\u4e86\u672c\u5730\u7aef\u53e38080\u4e0a\u3002\u7136\u540e&#xff0c;\u5b83\u8c03\u7528  recvfrom()  \u51fd\u6570\u6765\u63a5\u6536\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53d1\u9001\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u7684\u6570\u636e\u88ab\u5b58\u50a8\u5728  buffer  \u4e2d&#xff0c;\u5e76\u5728\u63a7\u5236\u53f0\u4e0a\u6253\u5370\u51fa\u6765\u3002 <\/p>\n<h4> 4.2.2 \u6570\u636e\u63a5\u6536\u4e2d\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406 <\/h4>\n<p> \u5728\u5904\u7406  recvfrom()  \u51fd\u6570\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u65f6&#xff0c;\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u53ef\u80fd\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u3002  recvfrom()  \u5728\u53d1\u751f\u9519\u8bef\u65f6\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de-1&#xff0c;\u5e76\u4e14\u4f1a\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cf  errno  \u6765\u6307\u793a\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u7c7b\u578b\u3002\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u5305\u62ec&#xff1a;\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0d\u53ef\u8fbe\u3001\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u5173\u95ed\u7b49\u3002 <\/p>\n<p> \u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b&#xff1a; <\/p>\n<p>\/\/ \u5047\u8bbenum_bytes\u662frecvfrom()\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u503c<br \/>\nif (num_bytes &lt; 0) {<br \/>\n    if (errno &#061;&#061; EWOULDBLOCK || errno &#061;&#061; EAGAIN) {<br \/>\n        printf(&#034;No data available to read.\\\\n&#034;);<br \/>\n    } else {<br \/>\n        perror(&#034;recvfrom&#034;);<br \/>\n        \/\/ \u5904\u7406\u5176\u4ed6\u9519\u8bef<br \/>\n    }<br \/>\n}<\/p>\n<h3> 4.3 \u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u4e0e\u4f18\u5316 <\/h3>\n<h4> 4.3.1 \u6570\u636e\u63a5\u6536\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u7ba1\u7406 <\/h4>\n<p> \u4e3a\u4e86\u4f18\u5316UDP\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684\u63a5\u6536&#xff0c;\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u7ba1\u7406\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u548c\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u5982\u679c\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u8fc7\u5927&#xff0c;\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u6269\u5c55\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u6216\u4f7f\u7528\u94fe\u8868\u7b49\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u52a8\u6001\u5b58\u50a8\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002 <\/p>\n<h4> 4.3.2 \u5927\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u6cd5 <\/h4>\n<p> \u5f53\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u9700\u8981\u5904\u7406\u5927\u6570\u636e\u5305\u65f6&#xff0c;\u9700\u8981\u8003\u8651\u5982\u4f55\u9ad8\u6548\u5730\u5c06\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u7684\u6570\u636e\u91cd\u7ec4&#xff0c;\u5e76\u786e\u4fdd\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u548c\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u6280\u672f\u662f\u4f7f\u7528UDP\u5206\u7247\u548c\u91cd\u7ec4\u6280\u672f&#xff0c;\u5c06\u5927\u6570\u636e\u5305\u5206\u5272\u6210\u591a\u4e2a\u5c0f\u5305\u53d1\u9001&#xff0c;\u5e76\u5728\u63a5\u6536\u7aef\u91cd\u65b0\u7ec4\u5408\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5c0f\u5305\u3002 <\/p>\n<p> \u4ee5\u4e0a\u5185\u5bb9\u4e3a\u7b2c\u56db\u7ae0\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u90e8\u5206&#xff0c;\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86UDP\u6570\u636e\u53d1\u9001\u548c\u63a5\u6536\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b&#xff0c;\u5305\u62ec\u57fa\u672c\u7684sendto()\u548crecvfrom()\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u3001\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u548c\u5927\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684\u4f18\u5316\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5728\u540e\u7eed\u7684\u7ae0\u8282\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u63a2\u8ba8UDP\u7f16\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5904\u7406\u3001\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u91cd\u4f20\u673a\u5236\u4ee5\u53ca\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7f51\u7edc\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002 <\/p>\n<h2> 5. \u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5904\u7406\u548c\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406 <\/h2>\n<h3> 5.1 \u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6280\u672f\u5728UDP\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528 <\/h3>\n<h4> 5.1.1 \u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u67b6\u6784\u8bbe\u8ba1 <\/h4>\n<p> \u5728\u5904\u7406\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u8bf7\u6c42\u65f6&#xff0c;\u5355\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6a21\u578b\u5f80\u5f80\u65e0\u6cd5\u6ee1\u8db3\u5b9e\u65f6\u6027\u548c\u5e76\u53d1\u6027\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6280\u672f\u5141\u8bb8\u591a\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u540c\u65f6\u6267\u884c&#xff0c;\u6709\u6548\u63d0\u9ad8CPU\u5229\u7528\u7387&#xff0c;\u964d\u4f4e\u8bf7\u6c42\u54cd\u5e94\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u5728UDP\u7f51\u7edc\u7f16\u7a0b\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e3b\u8981\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef&#xff0c;\u7528\u4e8e\u5e76\u884c\u5904\u7406\u591a\u4e2a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002 <\/p>\n<p> \u4e00\u4e2a\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0bUDP\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u67b6\u6784\u901a\u5e38\u5305\u62ec\u4e3b\u7ebf\u7a0b\u548c\u591a\u4e2a\u5de5\u4f5c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u3002\u4e3b\u7ebf\u7a0b\u8d1f\u8d23\u76d1\u542c\u7aef\u53e3&#xff0c;\u63a5\u6536\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u8bf7\u6c42&#xff0c;\u5e76\u6839\u636e\u9700\u8981\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6765\u5904\u7406\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5de5\u4f5c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u72ec\u7acb\u5904\u7406\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53d1\u9001\u7684\u6570\u636e&#xff0c;\u5e76\u53d1\u9001\u54cd\u5e94\u3002 <\/p>\n<h4> 5.1.2 \u7ebf\u7a0b\u540c\u6b65\u673a\u5236\u7684\u5e94\u7528 <\/h4>\n<p> \u7531\u4e8e\u591a\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u8bbf\u95ee\u5171\u4eab\u8d44\u6e90&#xff0c;\u56e0\u6b64\u7ebf\u7a0b\u540c\u6b65\u662f\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7f16\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4e0d\u53ef\u6216\u7f3a\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u5728\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0bUDP\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u5e38\u7528\u9501&#xff08;\u5982\u4e92\u65a5\u9501mutex&#xff09;\u6765\u9632\u6b62\u591a\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u540c\u65f6\u4fee\u6539\u5171\u4eab\u6570\u636e&#xff0c;\u4ece\u800c\u907f\u514d\u6570\u636e\u7ade\u4e89\u548c\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002 <\/p>\n<p> \u6b64\u5916&#xff0c;\u6761\u4ef6\u53d8\u91cf&#xff08;condition variables&#xff09;\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u7ebf\u7a0b\u95f4\u7684\u534f\u8c03&#xff0c;\u5f53\u67d0\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u9700\u8981\u7b49\u5f85\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5b8c\u6210\u7279\u5b9a\u64cd\u4f5c\u65f6&#xff0c;\u6761\u4ef6\u53d8\u91cf\u5c31\u80fd\u8d77\u5230\u4fe1\u53f7\u706f\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u8fd9\u5728\u5904\u7406\u8bf8\u5982\u7b49\u5f85\u63a5\u6536\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u4e2d\u6570\u636e\u7684\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\u3002 <\/p>\n<h3> 5.2 \u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u7b56\u7565 <\/h3>\n<h4> 5.2.1 \u9519\u8bef\u7801\u7684\u8bc6\u522b\u4e0e\u5904\u7406 <\/h4>\n<p> \u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u7f51\u7edc\u7f16\u7a0b\u65f6&#xff0c;\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u56e0\u4e3a\u591a\u79cd\u539f\u56e0\u5931\u8d25&#xff0c;\u8fd4\u56de\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u7801\u3002\u5982  sendto()  \u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u80fd\u56e0\u4e3a\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0d\u53ef\u8fbe\u3001\u76ee\u6807\u4e3b\u673a\u672a\u542f\u52a8\u3001\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u6ee1\u7b49\u539f\u56e0\u5931\u8d25\u3002\u7406\u89e3\u5e76\u59a5\u5584\u5904\u7406\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9519\u8bef\u7801\u662f\u4fdd\u8bc1\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7a33\u5b9a\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u5173\u952e\u3002 <\/p>\n<p> \u901a\u5e38&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u6839\u636e\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u7801\u6765\u5224\u65ad\u5931\u8d25\u7684\u539f\u56e0&#xff0c;\u5e76\u91c7\u53d6\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u63aa\u65bd\u3002\u4f8b\u5982&#xff0c;\u5982\u679c\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u6ee1&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u9002\u5f53\u5730\u51cf\u6162\u6570\u636e\u53d1\u9001\u7684\u901f\u7387&#xff1b;\u5982\u679c\u662f\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0d\u53ef\u8fbe&#xff0c;\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u6682\u65f6\u4e2d\u6b62\u4e0e\u8be5\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u901a\u4fe1&#xff0c;\u76f4\u5230\u7f51\u7edc\u6062\u590d\u6b63\u5e38\u3002 <\/p>\n<h4> 5.2.2 \u7f51\u7edc\u5f02\u5e38\u4e0e\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5065\u58ee\u6027 <\/h4>\n<p> \u7f51\u7edc\u7f16\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5305\u62ec\u9519\u8bef\u7801\u7684\u5904\u7406&#xff0c;\u8fd8\u5305\u62ec\u5982\u7f51\u7edc\u95ea\u65ad\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5305\u635f\u574f\u3001\u8d85\u65f6\u7b49\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u63d0\u9ad8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u5065\u58ee\u6027&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5728\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u52a0\u5165\u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406\u903b\u8f91&#xff0c;\u5982\u6355\u83b7\u5f02\u5e38\u3001\u8fdb\u884c\u91cd\u8bd5\u3001\u8bb0\u5f55\u65e5\u5fd7\u7b49\u3002 <\/p>\n<p> \u6b64\u5916&#xff0c;\u8bbe\u8ba1\u65f6\u5e94\u8003\u8651\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u5bb9\u9519\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u4f8b\u5982&#xff0c;\u4f7f\u7528\u8d85\u65f6\u673a\u5236\u6765\u907f\u514d\u56e0\u67d0\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u963b\u585e\u800c\u5f71\u54cd\u5230\u5176\u4ed6\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u5904\u7406\u3002\u540c\u65f6&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u5e94\u8003\u8651\u5230\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u53ef\u6062\u590d\u6027&#xff0c;\u786e\u4fdd\u5728\u9047\u5230\u4e25\u91cd\u9519\u8bef\u65f6\u80fd\u591f\u5b89\u5168\u9000\u51fa&#xff0c;\u5e76\u5728\u5408\u9002\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u91cd\u65b0\u542f\u52a8\u3002 <\/p>\n<h3> 5.3 \u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u6280\u5de7 <\/h3>\n<h4> 5.3.1 \u907f\u514d\u6b7b\u9501\u4e0e\u8d44\u6e90\u7ade\u4e89 <\/h4>\n<p> \u5728\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7f16\u7a0b\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u6b7b\u9501\u548c\u8d44\u6e90\u7ade\u4e89\u662f\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u95ee\u9898&#xff0c;\u4f1a\u5bf9\u6027\u80fd\u4ea7\u751f\u8d1f\u9762\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u6b7b\u9501\u662f\u6307\u4e24\u4e2a\u6216\u4e24\u4e2a\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5728\u6267\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u56e0\u4e89\u593a\u8d44\u6e90\u800c\u9020\u6210\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u50f5\u5c40\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u907f\u514d\u6b7b\u9501&#xff0c;\u5e94\u786e\u4fdd\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5728\u7533\u8bf7\u8d44\u6e90\u65f6\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u4e00\u81f4&#xff0c;\u5e76\u4e14\u907f\u514d\u6301\u6709\u8d44\u6e90\u4e0d\u653e\u3002 <\/p>\n<p> \u8d44\u6e90\u7ade\u4e89\u662f\u6307\u591a\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u8bd5\u56fe\u540c\u65f6\u8bbf\u95ee\u5171\u4eab\u8d44\u6e90\u5bfc\u81f4\u6570\u636e\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u3002\u89e3\u51b3\u8d44\u6e90\u7ade\u4e89\u7684\u5e38\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u9501&#xff0c;\u4f46\u5728\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u573a\u666f\u4e0b&#xff0c;\u9501\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u6027\u80fd\u74f6\u9888\u3002\u56e0\u6b64&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u8003\u8651\u4f7f\u7528\u65e0\u9501\u7f16\u7a0b\u6280\u672f&#xff0c;\u5982\u539f\u5b50\u64cd\u4f5c&#xff0c;\u6216\u8005\u4f7f\u7528\u66f4\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u9501\u673a\u5236&#xff0c;\u6bd4\u5982\u8bfb\u5199\u9501&#xff08;rwlock&#xff09;\u3002 <\/p>\n<h4> 5.3.2 \u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u6d4b\u8bd5 <\/h4>\n<p> \u6027\u80fd\u6d4b\u8bd5\u662f\u4f18\u5316\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u6027\u80fd\u6d4b\u8bd5&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e86\u89e3\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5728\u9ad8\u8d1f\u8f7d\u4e0b\u7684\u8868\u73b0&#xff0c;\u53d1\u73b0\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u74f6\u9888\u3002\u6027\u80fd\u6d4b\u8bd5\u901a\u5e38\u5305\u62ec\u538b\u529b\u6d4b\u8bd5\u548c\u8d1f\u8f7d\u6d4b\u8bd5&#xff0c;\u538b\u529b\u6d4b\u8bd5\u662f\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u5730\u589e\u52a0\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d1f\u8f7d&#xff0c;\u4ee5\u89c2\u5bdf\u7cfb\u7edf\u5d29\u6e83\u7684\u70b9&#xff1b;\u8d1f\u8f7d\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5219\u662f\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u9ad8\u8d1f\u8f7d\u4e0b\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u8868\u73b0\u3002 <\/p>\n<p> \u5728\u6d4b\u8bd5\u65f6&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u5e94\u8be5\u76d1\u63a7\u591a\u4e2a\u6307\u6807&#xff0c;\u5982CPU\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\u3001\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6570\u91cf\u3001\u54cd\u5e94\u65f6\u95f4\u7b49\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5224\u65ad\u662f\u5426\u9700\u8981\u4f18\u5316\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6570\u91cf\u3001\u6539\u8fdb\u7b97\u6cd5\u3001\u5347\u7ea7\u786c\u4ef6\u6216\u8c03\u6574\u7cfb\u7edf\u914d\u7f6e\u6765\u63d0\u9ad8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6027\u80fd\u3002 <\/p>\n<p> [\u4ee3\u7801\u5757\u793a\u4f8b] <\/p>\n<p>\/\/ \u4f2a\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b&#xff1a;\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0bUDP\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u521b\u5efa<br \/>\nvoid *handle_client(void *socket_desc) {<br \/>\n    \/\/ \u63a5\u6536\u548c\u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u903b\u8f91<br \/>\n}<\/p>\n<p>int main() {<br \/>\n    int sockfd &#061; socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0); \/\/ \u521b\u5efaUDP\u5957\u63a5\u5b57<br \/>\n    if (sockfd &lt; 0) {<br \/>\n        \/\/ \u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u903b\u8f91<br \/>\n    }<\/p>\n<p>    struct sockaddr_in serv_addr;<br \/>\n    memset(&amp;serv_addr, 0, sizeof(serv_addr));<br \/>\n    serv_addr.sin_family &#061; AF_INET;<br \/>\n    serv_addr.sin_addr.s_addr &#061; INADDR_ANY;<br \/>\n    serv_addr.sin_port &#061; htons(1234); \/\/ \u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u4e2a\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7<\/p>\n<p>    if (bind(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *) &amp;serv_addr, sizeof(serv_addr)) &lt; 0) {<br \/>\n        \/\/ \u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u903b\u8f91<br \/>\n    }<\/p>\n<p>    while (1) {<br \/>\n        \/\/ \u63a5\u6536\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4fe1\u606f<br \/>\n        struct sockaddr_in cli_addr;<br \/>\n        socklen_t clilen &#061; sizeof(cli_addr);<br \/>\n        char buffer[1024];<br \/>\n        int n &#061; recvfrom(sockfd, buffer, 1024, 0, (struct sockaddr *) &amp;cli_addr, &amp;clilen);<\/p>\n<p>        if (n &lt; 0) {<br \/>\n            \/\/ \u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u903b\u8f91<br \/>\n        }<\/p>\n<p>        \/\/ \u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7ebf\u7a0b<br \/>\n        pthread_t sniffer_thread;<br \/>\n        if (pthread_create(&amp;sniffer_thread, NULL, handle_client, (void *)&amp;sockfd) !&#061; 0) {<br \/>\n            \/\/ \u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u903b\u8f91<br \/>\n        }<\/p>\n<p>        \/\/ \u7b49\u5f85\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7ed3\u675f&#xff08;\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981&#xff09;<br \/>\n        pthread_join(sniffer_thread, NULL);<br \/>\n    }<\/p>\n<p>    return 0;<br \/>\n}<\/p>\n<p> [\u4ee3\u7801\u903b\u8f91\u5206\u6790] <\/p>\n<li> \u672c\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0bUDP\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u521b\u5efa\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u7b80\u5316\u793a\u4f8b\u3002 <\/li>\n<li>  socket()  \u51fd\u6570\u7528\u4e8e\u521b\u5efaUDP\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u3002 <\/li>\n<li>  sockaddr_in  \u7ed3\u6784\u7528\u4e8e\u5b9a\u4e49\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5730\u5740\u548c\u7aef\u53e3\u4fe1\u606f\u3002 <\/li>\n<li>  bind()  \u51fd\u6570\u5c06\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u7ed1\u5b9a\u5230\u6307\u5b9a\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u548c\u7aef\u53e3\u4e0a\u3002 <\/li>\n<li> \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fdb\u5165\u65e0\u9650\u5faa\u73af&#xff0c;\u4f7f\u7528  recvfrom()  \u51fd\u6570\u63a5\u6536\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53d1\u9001\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002 <\/li>\n<li> \u5bf9\u4e8e\u6bcf\u4e2a\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u7684\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8bf7\u6c42&#xff0c;\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b  sniffer_thread  \u6765\u5904\u7406\u3002 <\/li>\n<li>  pthread_create()  \u51fd\u6570\u7528\u4e8e\u542f\u52a8\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b&#xff0c;  handle_client  \u662f\u8be5\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u5165\u53e3\u51fd\u6570\u3002 <\/li>\n<li>  pthread_join()  \u51fd\u6570\u7528\u4e8e\u7b49\u5f85\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5b8c\u6210&#xff0c;\u786e\u4fdd\u4e3b\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7b49\u5f85\u5de5\u4f5c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\u624d\u7ee7\u7eed\u8fd0\u884c\u3002 <\/li>\n<p> [\u6027\u80fd\u6d4b\u8bd5mermaid\u6d41\u7a0b\u56fe] <\/p>\n<p>graph TD<br \/>\nA[\u5f00\u59cb\u6027\u80fd\u6d4b\u8bd5] &#8211;&gt; B[\u542f\u52a8\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0bUDP\u670d\u52a1\u5668]<br \/>\nB &#8211;&gt; C[\u751f\u6210\u6d4b\u8bd5\u8d1f\u8f7d]<br \/>\nC &#8211;&gt; D[\u6536\u96c6\u6027\u80fd\u6570\u636e]<br \/>\nD &#8211;&gt; E[\u5206\u6790\u6570\u636e\u74f6\u9888]<br \/>\nE &#8211;&gt; F{\u662f\u5426\u8fdb\u884c\u4f18\u5316}<br \/>\nF &#8211;&gt;|\u662f| G[\u4f18\u5316\u4ee3\u7801\u6216\u914d\u7f6e]<br \/>\nG &#8211;&gt; B<br \/>\nF &#8211;&gt;|\u5426| H[\u7ed3\u675f\u6d4b\u8bd5]<\/p>\n<p> \u4ee5\u4e0a\u4ee3\u7801\u5757\u548c\u6d41\u7a0b\u56fe\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u793a\u4f8b&#xff0c;\u5e76\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u6027\u80fd\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u6d41\u7a0b\u3002\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u8003\u8651\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u540c\u6b65\u673a\u5236\u3001\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u548c\u8d44\u6e90\u7ade\u4e89\u7b49\u591a\u65b9\u9762\u56e0\u7d20\u3002 <\/p>\n<h2> 6. \u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u91cd\u4f20\u673a\u5236 <\/h2>\n<p> \u5728\u6570\u636e\u901a\u4fe1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u7531\u4e8e\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u4e0d\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027&#xff0c;\u6570\u636e\u5305\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5728\u4f20\u8f93\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4e22\u5931&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u79cd\u73b0\u8c61\u79f0\u4e3a\u4e22\u5305\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u63d0\u9ad8UDP\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u53ef\u9760\u6027&#xff0c;\u5f15\u5165\u91cd\u4f20\u673a\u5236\u662f\u5fc5\u987b\u7684\u3002\u91cd\u4f20\u673a\u5236\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5728\u4e22\u5305\u53d1\u751f\u65f6&#xff0c;\u4e22\u5931\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u80fd\u591f\u88ab\u91cd\u65b0\u53d1\u9001&#xff0c;\u5e76\u6210\u529f\u5230\u8fbe\u63a5\u6536\u65b9\u3002 <\/p>\n<h3> 6.1 \u91cd\u4f20\u673a\u5236\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027 <\/h3>\n<h4> 6.1.1 \u901a\u4fe1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u4e22\u5305\u95ee\u9898 <\/h4>\n<p> \u4e22\u5305\u662f\u7f51\u7edc\u901a\u4fe1\u4e2d\u7ecf\u5e38\u9047\u5230\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u591a\u79cd\u539f\u56e0&#xff0c;\u4f8b\u5982\u7f51\u7edc\u62e5\u585e\u3001\u4fe1\u53f7\u5e72\u6270\u3001\u786c\u4ef6\u6545\u969c\u7b49&#xff0c;\u6570\u636e\u5305\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u4f20\u8f93\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4e22\u5931\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u73b0\u8c61\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5b9e\u65f6\u6027\u8981\u6c42\u8f83\u9ad8\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u6765\u8bf4&#xff0c;\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u670d\u52a1\u6027\u80fd\u4e0b\u964d&#xff0c;\u7528\u6237\u4f53\u9a8c\u964d\u4f4e\u3002 <\/p>\n<h4> 6.1.2 \u91cd\u4f20\u673a\u5236\u5bf9\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u7684\u63d0\u5347 <\/h4>\n<p> \u4e3a\u4e86\u89e3\u51b3\u4e22\u5305\u95ee\u9898&#xff0c;\u91cd\u4f20\u673a\u5236\u8d77\u5230\u4e86\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5408\u7406\u7684\u91cd\u4f20\u7b56\u7565&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u5730\u51cf\u5c11\u6570\u636e\u4e22\u5931\u5bf9\u901a\u4fe1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u91cd\u4f20\u673a\u5236\u4e0d\u4ec5\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\u7684\u53ef\u9760\u6027&#xff0c;\u800c\u4e14\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u5347\u6574\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u8d28\u91cf\u3002 <\/p>\n<h3> 6.2 \u8bbe\u8ba1\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u91cd\u4f20\u903b\u8f91 <\/h3>\n<h4> 6.2.1 \u5b9a\u65f6\u5668\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e0e\u5e94\u7528 <\/h4>\n<p> \u5b9e\u73b0\u91cd\u4f20\u673a\u5236\u9700\u8981\u5229\u7528\u5b9a\u65f6\u5668\u3002\u5b9a\u65f6\u5668\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e00\u4e2a\u8d85\u65f6\u65f6\u95f4&#xff0c;\u5f53\u6570\u636e\u5305\u53d1\u9001\u540e&#xff0c;\u542f\u52a8\u5b9a\u65f6\u5668\u8ba1\u65f6\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5728\u8d85\u65f6\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u6ca1\u6709\u6536\u5230\u63a5\u6536\u65b9\u7684\u786e\u8ba4\u54cd\u5e94&#xff0c;\u5b9a\u65f6\u5668\u8d85\u65f6&#xff0c;\u89e6\u53d1\u91cd\u4f20\u673a\u5236\u3002 <\/p>\n<p>#include &lt;stdio.h&gt;<br \/>\n#include &lt;unistd.h&gt;<br \/>\n#include &lt;sys\/time.h&gt;<\/p>\n<p>\/\/ \u5b9a\u65f6\u5668\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53<br \/>\ntypedef struct {<br \/>\n    int timeout;           \/\/ \u8d85\u65f6\u65f6\u95f4&#xff0c;\u5355\u4f4d\u4e3a\u6beb\u79d2<br \/>\n    int interval;          \/\/ \u91cd\u4f20\u95f4\u9694\u65f6\u95f4&#xff0c;\u5355\u4f4d\u4e3a\u6beb\u79d2<br \/>\n    int elapsed;           \/\/ \u5df2\u8fc7\u65f6\u95f4&#xff0c;\u5355\u4f4d\u4e3a\u6beb\u79d2<br \/>\n    int retries;           \/\/ \u5df2\u91cd\u4f20\u6b21\u6570<br \/>\n    struct timeval start;  \/\/ \u8bb0\u5f55\u5b9a\u65f6\u5668\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\u95f4<br \/>\n} Timer;<\/p>\n<p>\/\/ \u5b9a\u65f6\u5668\u542f\u52a8\u51fd\u6570<br \/>\nvoid timer_start(Timer *timer, int timeout, int interval) {<br \/>\n    timer-&gt;timeout &#061; timeout;<br \/>\n    timer-&gt;interval &#061; interval;<br \/>\n    timer-&gt;elapsed &#061; 0;<br \/>\n    timer-&gt;retries &#061; 0;<br \/>\n    gettimeofday(&amp;timer-&gt;start, NULL);<br \/>\n}<\/p>\n<p>\/\/ \u5b9a\u65f6\u5668\u68c0\u67e5\u51fd\u6570<br \/>\nint timer_check(Timer *timer) {<br \/>\n    struct timeval now;<br \/>\n    gettimeofday(&amp;now, NULL);<br \/>\n    int elapsed &#061; (now.tv_sec &#8211; timer-&gt;start.tv_sec) * 1000 &#043; (now.tv_usec &#8211; timer-&gt;start.tv_usec) \/ 1000;<br \/>\n    if (elapsed &#8211; timer-&gt;elapsed &gt;&#061; timer-&gt;interval) {<br \/>\n        timer-&gt;elapsed &#061; elapsed;<br \/>\n        timer-&gt;retries&#043;&#043;;<br \/>\n        return 1;<br \/>\n    }<br \/>\n    return 0;<br \/>\n}<\/p>\n<p>\/\/ \u5176\u4ed6\u8f85\u52a9\u51fd\u6570&#xff08;\u4f8b\u5982&#xff1a;\u5b9a\u65f6\u5668\u505c\u6b62&#xff0c;\u8d85\u65f6\u5904\u7406\u7b49&#xff09;\u9700\u8981\u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n<h4> 6.2.2 \u91cd\u4f20\u7b56\u7565\u4e0e\u7b97\u6cd5 <\/h4>\n<p> \u91cd\u4f20\u7b56\u7565\u662f\u6307\u5f53\u53d1\u751f\u4e22\u5305\u65f6&#xff0c;\u7cfb\u7edf\u5e94\u5982\u4f55\u9009\u62e9\u91cd\u53d1\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684\u7b56\u7565\u3002\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u7b56\u7565\u6709&#xff1a; <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> \u56fa\u5b9a\u91cd\u4f20\u95f4\u9694&#xff1a;\u5728\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u95f4\u9694\u540e\u8fdb\u884c\u91cd\u4f20\u3002 <\/li>\n<li> \u9012\u589e\u91cd\u4f20\u95f4\u9694&#xff1a;\u91cd\u4f20\u95f4\u9694\u968f\u91cd\u4f20\u6b21\u6570\u9012\u589e\u3002 <\/li>\n<li> \u968f\u673a\u6307\u6570\u9000\u907f&#xff1a;\u91cd\u4f20\u95f4\u9694\u5728\u6bcf\u6b21\u91cd\u4f20\u540e\u6307\u6570\u7ea7\u589e\u957f\u3002 <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p> \u6bcf\u79cd\u7b56\u7565\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u4e0d\u540c\u573a\u666f&#xff0c;\u9700\u8981\u6839\u636e\u5b9e\u9645\u4e1a\u52a1\u9700\u6c42\u6765\u9009\u62e9\u6700\u5408\u9002\u7684\u7b56\u7565\u3002\u4f8b\u5982&#xff0c;\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5b9e\u65f6\u6027\u8981\u6c42\u9ad8\u7684\u901a\u4fe1&#xff0c;\u9012\u589e\u91cd\u4f20\u95f4\u9694\u53ef\u80fd\u6bd4\u968f\u673a\u6307\u6570\u9000\u907f\u66f4\u5408\u9002\u3002 <\/p>\n<h3> 6.3 \u5b9e\u73b0\u4e0e\u6d4b\u8bd5 <\/h3>\n<h4> 6.3.1 \u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u91cd\u4f20\u6a21\u5757\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b <\/h4>\n<p> \u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u7684UDP\u901a\u4fe1\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e\u65f6\u7ed3\u5408\u4e0a\u8ff0\u7684\u5b9a\u65f6\u5668\u903b\u8f91\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u91cd\u4f20\u6a21\u5757\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5316\u7684\u91cd\u4f20\u6a21\u5757\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b&#xff1a; <\/p>\n<p>#include &#034;timer.h&#034;<\/p>\n<p>\/\/ \u5047\u8bbe\u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e\u540e\u4f1a\u8c03\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570<br \/>\nvoid send_data_with_retry(int sockfd, const char *data, size_t size, int retries, int timeout, int interval) {<br \/>\n    Timer timer;<br \/>\n    timer_start(&amp;timer, timeout, interval);<br \/>\n    int sent_bytes;<br \/>\n    while (retries &gt; 0) {<br \/>\n        sent_bytes &#061; send(sockfd, data, size, 0);<br \/>\n        if (sent_bytes &lt; 0) {<br \/>\n            perror(&#034;send&#034;);<br \/>\n            break;<br \/>\n        }<\/p>\n<p>        while (!timer_check(&amp;timer)) {<br \/>\n            \/\/ \u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u5904\u7406\u5176\u4ed6\u4efb\u52a1&#xff0c;\u5b9e\u73b0\u975e\u963b\u585e\u901a\u4fe1<br \/>\n        }<\/p>\n<p>        if (timer.retries &gt;&#061; retries) {<br \/>\n            break; \/\/ \u8d85\u51fa\u91cd\u8bd5\u6b21\u6570<br \/>\n        }<\/p>\n<p>        \/\/ \u53d1\u9001\u5931\u8d25&#xff0c;\u91cd\u4f20\u903b\u8f91<br \/>\n        printf(&#034;Resending data&#8230;\\\\n&#034;);<br \/>\n        \/\/ \u9700\u8981\u91cd\u65b0\u8ba1\u7b97\u8d85\u65f6\u65f6\u95f4&#xff0c;\u4ee5\u53ca\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u95f4\u9694\u589e\u957f\u7b56\u7565\u7b49<br \/>\n        timer_start(&amp;timer, timeout * pow(2, timer.retries), interval);<br \/>\n    }<br \/>\n}<\/p>\n<p>\/\/ \u6ce8\u610f&#xff1a;\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u9700\u8981\u6839\u636esend\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u5224\u65ad\u53d1\u9001\u662f\u5426\u6210\u529f&#xff0c;\u5e76\u6839\u636e\u5b9e\u9645\u60c5\u51b5\u8c03\u6574\u91cd\u4f20\u903b\u8f91\u3002<\/p>\n<h4> 6.3.2 \u91cd\u4f20\u673a\u5236\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u8bc4\u4f30 <\/h4>\n<p> \u5b9e\u65bd\u4e86\u91cd\u4f20\u673a\u5236\u540e&#xff0c;\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u8fdb\u884c\u8bc4\u4f30&#xff0c;\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u91cd\u4f20\u673a\u5236\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5f15\u5165\u5176\u4ed6\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u8bc4\u4f30\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u6307\u6807\u5305\u62ec&#xff1a; <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> \u6570\u636e\u5305\u4f20\u8f93\u7684\u53ef\u9760\u6027 <\/li>\n<li> \u91cd\u4f20\u5bf9\u4f20\u8f93\u5ef6\u8fdf\u7684\u5f71\u54cd <\/li>\n<li> \u91cd\u4f20\u673a\u5236\u5bf9\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u6d88\u8017\u60c5\u51b5 <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p> \u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u538b\u529b\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3001\u6027\u80fd\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b9e\u9645\u573a\u666f\u6a21\u62df&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u9a8c\u8bc1\u91cd\u4f20\u673a\u5236\u7684\u6709\u6548\u6027\u548c\u4f18\u5316\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u6b64\u5916&#xff0c;\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5728\u6781\u7aef\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b&#xff0c;\u5982\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0d\u7a33\u5b9a\u6216\u9ad8\u4e22\u5305\u7387\u65f6\u91cd\u4f20\u673a\u5236\u7684\u8868\u73b0&#xff0c;\u786e\u4fdd\u5728\u5173\u952e\u65f6\u523b\u7cfb\u7edf\u4ecd\u7136\u80fd\u591f\u53ef\u9760\u5730\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002 <\/p>\n<p> \u91cd\u4f20\u673a\u5236\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e0e\u5b9e\u73b0\u662f\u7f51\u7edc\u7f16\u7a0b\u4e2d\u63d0\u9ad8\u901a\u4fe1\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u73af\u8282\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u672c\u7ae0\u8282\u7684\u4ecb\u7ecd&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u5982\u4f55\u4ece\u7406\u8bba\u5230\u5b9e\u8df5\u53bb\u6784\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u9ad8\u6548\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u91cd\u4f20\u673a\u5236&#xff0c;\u4ee5\u6b64\u6765\u4fdd\u8bc1UDP\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\u7684\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u3002\u5728\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u4e0d\u65ad\u6839\u636e\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u548c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7ed3\u679c\u8fdb\u884c\u8c03\u6574\u4f18\u5316&#xff0c;\u4ee5\u8fbe\u5230\u6700\u4f73\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u8868\u73b0\u3002 <\/p>\n<h2> 7. \u9ad8\u7ea7\u7f51\u7edc\u529f\u80fd\u5b9e\u73b0 <\/h2>\n<p> \u968f\u7740\u7f51\u7edc\u6280\u672f\u7684\u4e0d\u65ad\u53d1\u5c55&#xff0c;\u5bf9\u7f51\u7edc\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u6548\u7387\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u3002\u672c\u7ae0\u8282\u5c06\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u8ba8\u5982\u4f55\u5728UDP\u7f16\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e00\u4e9b\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7f51\u7edc\u529f\u80fd&#xff0c;\u5305\u62ec\u5730\u5740\u89e3\u6790\u3001\u9ad8\u7ea7I\/O\u591a\u8def\u590d\u7528\u6280\u672f\u4ee5\u53ca\u7f51\u7edc\u7f16\u7a0b\u8fdb\u9636\u6280\u5de7\u3002 <\/p>\n<h3> 7.1 \u5730\u5740\u89e3\u6790\u4e0e\u57df\u540d\u89e3\u6790 <\/h3>\n<p> \u5730\u5740\u89e3\u6790\u662f\u7f51\u7edc\u7f16\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4e0d\u53ef\u6216\u7f3a\u7684\u4e00\u73af&#xff0c;\u5b83\u5c06\u4eba\u7c7b\u53ef\u8bfb\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u673a\u5668\u80fd\u591f\u8bc6\u522b\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u3002DNS&#xff08;\u57df\u540d\u7cfb\u7edf&#xff09;\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u67b6\u6784\u4e4b\u4e00&#xff0c;\u8d77\u5230\u4e86\u5173\u952e\u4f5c\u7528\u3002 <\/p>\n<h4> 7.1.1 gethostbyname()\u51fd\u6570\u5e94\u7528 <\/h4>\n<p>  gethostbyname()  \u51fd\u6570\u662f\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u5730\u5740\u89e3\u6790\u51fd\u6570\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u5b83\u901a\u8fc7\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\u83b7\u53d6\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u4fe1\u606f&#xff0c;\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u6307\u5411hostent\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u7684\u6307\u9488\u3002\u8be5\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u5305\u542b\u4e86IP\u5730\u5740\u4fe1\u606f&#xff0c;\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u914d\u7f6e\u4fe1\u606f\u3002 <\/p>\n<p>#include &lt;netdb.h&gt;<br \/>\n#include &lt;stdio.h&gt;<br \/>\n#include &lt;stdlib.h&gt;<br \/>\n#include &lt;unistd.h&gt;<\/p>\n<p>int main() {<br \/>\n    char *hostname &#061; &#034;www.example.com&#034;;<br \/>\n    struct hostent *host;<br \/>\n    if ((host &#061; gethostbyname(hostname)) &#061;&#061; NULL) {<br \/>\n        herror(&#034;gethostbyname error&#034;);<br \/>\n        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);<br \/>\n    }<br \/>\n    printf(&#034;Official name: %s\\\\n&#034;, host-&gt;h_name);<br \/>\n    printf(&#034;IP Address: %s\\\\n&#034;, inet_ntoa (*(struct in_addr *)*host-&gt;h_addr_list));<br \/>\n    return 0;<br \/>\n}<\/p>\n<p> \u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7\u8c03\u7528  gethostbyname()  \u83b7\u53d6\u5230\u4e86  www.example.com  \u7684IP\u5730\u5740&#xff0c;\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528  inet_ntoa()  \u51fd\u6570\u5c06\u5176\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u53ef\u8bfb\u683c\u5f0f\u3002 <\/p>\n<h4> 7.1.2 \u9632\u6b62DNS\u7f13\u5b58\u6c61\u67d3\u7684\u7b56\u7565 <\/h4>\n<p> DNS\u7f13\u5b58\u6c61\u67d3\u662f\u6307\u9519\u8bef\u7684DNS\u4fe1\u606f\u88ab\u7f13\u5b58&#xff0c;\u5bfc\u81f4\u7528\u6237\u88ab\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u5230\u6076\u610f\u7ad9\u70b9\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u9632\u6b62\u8fd9\u4e00\u95ee\u9898&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u91c7\u53d6\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7b56\u7565&#xff1a; <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>  \u4f7f\u7528DNSSEC  : DNSSEC\u4e3aDNS\u67e5\u8be2\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e86\u4e00\u5c42\u52a0\u5bc6&#xff0c;\u786e\u4fdd\u67e5\u8be2\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u662f\u7ecf\u8fc7\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7684\u3002 <\/li>\n<li>  \u591a\u6e90\u89e3\u6790  : \u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u591a\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684DNS\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u83b7\u53d6\u5730\u5740\u89e3\u6790\u7ed3\u679c&#xff0c;\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3002 <\/li>\n<li>  \u5b9a\u671f\u66f4\u65b0\u7f13\u5b58  : \u8bbe\u8ba1\u5408\u7406\u7684DNS\u7f13\u5b58\u66f4\u65b0\u7b56\u7565&#xff0c;\u907f\u514d\u4f7f\u7528\u8fc7\u65f6\u7684\u89e3\u6790\u4fe1\u606f\u3002 <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3> 7.2 \u9ad8\u7ea7I\/O\u591a\u8def\u590d\u7528\u6280\u672f <\/h3>\n<p> I\/O\u591a\u8def\u590d\u7528\u6280\u672f\u5141\u8bb8\u5355\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u9ad8\u6548\u5730\u7ba1\u7406\u591a\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u8fde\u63a5\u3002\u8fd9\u5728\u8bbe\u8ba1\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u7f51\u7edc\u5e94\u7528\u65f6\u5c24\u4e3a\u91cd\u8981\u3002 <\/p>\n<h4> 7.2.1 select()\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406 <\/h4>\n<p>  select()  \u51fd\u6570\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528&#xff0c;\u5b83\u5141\u8bb8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u76d1\u89c6\u591a\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26&#xff0c;\u7b49\u5f85\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u6210\u4e3a\u201d\u5c31\u7eea\u201d\u72b6\u6001&#xff0c;\u4e4b\u540e\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884cI\/O\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002 <\/p>\n<p>#include &lt;sys\/select.h&gt;<br \/>\n#include &lt;sys\/time.h&gt;<br \/>\n#include &lt;sys\/types.h&gt;<br \/>\n#include &lt;unistd.h&gt;<\/p>\n<p>int main() {<br \/>\n    fd_set readfds;<br \/>\n    struct timeval tv;<br \/>\n    int ret;<br \/>\n    FD_ZERO(&amp;readfds); \/\/ \u6e05\u7a7a\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u96c6\u5408<br \/>\n    FD_SET(STDIN_FILENO, &amp;readfds); \/\/ \u5c06\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\u52a0\u5165\u96c6\u5408<\/p>\n<p>    \/\/ \u8bbe\u7f6e\u8d85\u65f6\u65f6\u95f4<br \/>\n    tv.tv_sec &#061; 5;<br \/>\n    tv.tv_usec &#061; 0;<\/p>\n<p>    ret &#061; select(STDIN_FILENO &#043; 1, &amp;readfds, NULL, NULL, &amp;tv); \/\/ \u7b49\u5f85\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u53d8\u5f97\u53ef\u8bfb<br \/>\n    if (ret &#061;&#061; -1) {<br \/>\n        perror(&#034;select() error&#034;);<br \/>\n    } else if (ret) {<br \/>\n        printf(&#034;Data is available now.\\\\n&#034;);<br \/>\n        \/\/ \u6570\u636e\u53ef\u8bfb&#xff0c;\u5904\u7406\u903b\u8f91&#8230;<br \/>\n    } else {<br \/>\n        printf(&#034;No data within five seconds.\\\\n&#034;);<br \/>\n    }<br \/>\n    return 0;<br \/>\n}<\/p>\n<h4> 7.2.2 \u5b9e\u65f6\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5904\u7406\u4e0eIO\u6548\u7387\u63d0\u5347 <\/h4>\n<p> \u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528  select()  \u6216\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684I\/O\u591a\u8def\u590d\u7528\u6280\u672f\u5982  poll()  \u6216  epoll()  &#xff08;\u5728Linux\u4e2d&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u65f6\u5904\u7406\u6765\u81ea\u591a\u4e2a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6&#xff0c;\u663e\u8457\u63d0\u9ad8I\/O\u6548\u7387\u3002 <\/p>\n<h3> 7.3 \u7f51\u7edc\u7f16\u7a0b\u8fdb\u9636\u6280\u5de7 <\/h3>\n<p> \u968f\u7740\u5e94\u7528\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u7684\u589e\u52a0&#xff0c;\u4e00\u4e9b\u7f51\u7edc\u7f16\u7a0b\u7684\u8fdb\u9636\u6280\u5de7\u53d8\u5f97\u5c24\u4e3a\u91cd\u8981&#xff0c;\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u7f16\u5199\u5065\u58ee\u3001\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u65f6\u3002 <\/p>\n<h4> 7.3.1 \u975e\u963b\u585e\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u7684\u5e94\u7528 <\/h4>\n<p> \u975e\u963b\u585e\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u5141\u8bb8\u7f51\u7edc\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6302\u8d77&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u7acb\u5373\u8fd4\u56de\u3002\u8fd9\u5728\u5904\u7406\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u65f6\u5c24\u5176\u6709\u7528&#xff0c;\u56e0\u4e3a\u53ef\u4ee5\u7f16\u5199\u51fa\u54cd\u5e94\u6027\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u3002 <\/p>\n<p>int sockfd; \/\/ \u5047\u8bbe\u5df2\u7ecf\u521b\u5efa\u5e76\u7ed1\u5b9a\u597d\u5957\u63a5\u5b57<br \/>\nint flags &#061; fcntl(sockfd, F_GETFL, 0); \/\/ \u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u72b6\u6001<br \/>\nfcntl(sockfd, F_SETFL, flags | O_NONBLOCK); \/\/ \u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u975e\u963b\u585e\u6a21\u5f0f<\/p>\n<h4> 7.3.2 \u4f18\u96c5\u5730\u5173\u95ed\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u8fde\u63a5 <\/h4>\n<p> \u5173\u95ed\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u8fde\u63a5\u65f6&#xff0c;\u9700\u8981\u786e\u4fdd\u6240\u6709\u5f85\u5904\u7406\u7684\u6570\u636e\u90fd\u88ab\u53d1\u9001&#xff0c;\u5e76\u4e14\u5bf9\u65b9\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u4e86\u8fde\u63a5\u5173\u95ed\u7684\u901a\u77e5\u3002\u5728\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u73af\u5883\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u8fd8\u9700\u786e\u4fdd\u5728\u5173\u95ed\u8fde\u63a5\u4e4b\u524d&#xff0c;\u6ca1\u6709\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6b63\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u8be5\u8fde\u63a5\u3002 <\/p>\n<p>#include &lt;sys\/socket.h&gt;<br \/>\n#include &lt;unistd.h&gt;<\/p>\n<p>shutdown(sockfd, SHUT_RDWR); \/\/ \u5173\u95ed\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u7684\u8bfb\u548c\u5199&#xff0c;\u4f46\u4e0d\u5173\u95ed\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u672c\u8eab<br \/>\nclose(sockfd); \/\/ \u5173\u95ed\u5957\u63a5\u5b57<\/p>\n<p> \u4ee5\u4e0a\u4ee3\u7801\u9996\u5148\u4f7f\u7528  shutdown()  \u51fd\u6570\u5173\u95ed\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u7684\u8bfb\u548c\u5199&#xff0c;\u7136\u540e\u4f7f\u7528  close()  \u5b8c\u5168\u5173\u95ed\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5728\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u9700\u8981\u786e\u4fdd\u5176\u4ed6\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5df2\u7ecf\u7ed3\u675f\u4f7f\u7528\u8be5\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u3002 <\/p>\n<p>  \u672c\u6587\u8fd8\u6709\u914d\u5957\u7684\u7cbe\u54c1\u8d44\u6e90&#xff0c;\u70b9\u51fb\u83b7\u53d6  <img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"menu-r.4af5f7ec.gif\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/20250730043837-6889a1cd8cd1f.gif\" style=\"width:16px;margin-left:4px;vertical-align:text-bottom;cursor:text\" \/> <\/p>\n<p> \u7b80\u4ecb&#xff1a;UDP\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u4f20\u8f93\u5c42\u534f\u8bae&#xff0c;\u5728\u5b9e\u65f6\u6027\u8981\u6c42\u9ad8\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u975e\u5e38\u6d41\u884c\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5728Linux\u73af\u5883\u4e0bUDP\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0e\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u521b\u5efa\u8fc7\u7a0b&#xff0c;\u6db5\u76d6\u5957\u63a5\u5b57API\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u3001\u5730\u5740\u7ed3\u6784\u914d\u7f6e\u3001\u6570\u636e\u63a5\u6536\u4e0e\u53d1\u9001\u3001\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u5173\u95ed\u7b49\u5173\u952e\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002\u540c\u65f6&#xff0c;\u6587\u7ae0\u8fd8\u5c06\u63a2\u8ba8\u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406\u591a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8bf7\u6c42\u3001\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u3001\u9632\u706b\u5899\u548c\u7aef\u53e3\u8f6c\u53d1\u95ee\u9898&#xff0c;\u5e76\u5efa\u8bae\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u91cd\u4f20\u673a\u5236\u3002\u9ad8\u7ea7\u4e3b\u9898\u5982\u4f7f\u7528  gethostbyname()  \u548c  select()  \u51fd\u6570\u63d0\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u4e5f\u5c06\u5f97\u5230\u89e3\u91ca\u3002\u638c\u63e1\u8fd9\u4e9b\u77e5\u8bc6\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5728Linux\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u5f00\u53d1\u9ad8\u6548\u3001\u5b9e\u65f6\u7684UDP\u901a\u4fe1\u670d\u52a1\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002 <\/p>\n<p>   \u672c\u6587\u8fd8\u6709\u914d\u5957\u7684\u7cbe\u54c1\u8d44\u6e90&#xff0c;\u70b9\u51fb\u83b7\u53d6   <img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"menu-r.4af5f7ec.gif\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/20250730043837-6889a1cd8cd1f.gif\" style=\"width:16px;margin-left:4px;vertical-align:text-bottom;cursor:text\" \/>  <\/p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u6587\u7ae0\u6d4f\u89c8\u9605\u8bfb1k\u6b21\uff0c\u70b9\u8d5e17\u6b21\uff0c\u6536\u85cf11\u6b21\u3002\u5728\u6570\u636e\u7f51\u7edc\u901a\u4fe1\u4e2d\uff0cUDP\uff08User Datagram Protocol\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u6570\u636e\u62a5\u534f\u8bae\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u65e0\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u4f20\u8f93\u534f\u8bae\u3002\u4e0eTCP\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0cUDP\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u66f4\u4e3a\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u5b83\u5728\u5904\u7406\u5927\u91cf\u6570\u636e\u5305\u65f6\u80fd\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u66f4\u4f4e\u7684\u5ef6\u8fdf\u3002\u5728\u7406\u89e3\u7f51\u7edc\u7f16\u7a0b\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u77e5\u8bc6\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u6df1\u5165\u4e86\u89e3Linux\u4e0b\u7684\u5957\u63a5\u5b57API\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9bAPI\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e0e\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7f51\u7edc\u5c42\u8fdb\u884c\u4ea4\u4e92\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u3002\u672c\u7ae0\u5185\u5bb9\u5c06\u5e2e\u52a9\u8bfb\u8005\u638c\u63e1\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9bAPI\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u7f51\u7edc\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u4e3a\u540e\u7eed\u7ae0\u8282\u4e2d\u6784\u5efaUDP\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u548c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u6253\u4e0b\u57fa\u7840\u3002_linux \u505audp\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":48577,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"topic":[],"class_list":["post-48579","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-server"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v20.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Linux\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u7684UDP\u901a\u4fe1\uff1a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0e\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5f00\u53d1\u8be6\u89e3 - \u7f51\u7855\u4e92\u8054\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2d\u5fc3<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/48579.html\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"zh_CN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Linux\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u7684UDP\u901a\u4fe1\uff1a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0e\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5f00\u53d1\u8be6\u89e3 - \u7f51\u7855\u4e92\u8054\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2d\u5fc3\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u6587\u7ae0\u6d4f\u89c8\u9605\u8bfb1k\u6b21\uff0c\u70b9\u8d5e17\u6b21\uff0c\u6536\u85cf11\u6b21\u3002\u5728\u6570\u636e\u7f51\u7edc\u901a\u4fe1\u4e2d\uff0cUDP\uff08User Datagram Protocol\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u6570\u636e\u62a5\u534f\u8bae\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u65e0\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u4f20\u8f93\u534f\u8bae\u3002\u4e0eTCP\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0cUDP\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u66f4\u4e3a\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u5b83\u5728\u5904\u7406\u5927\u91cf\u6570\u636e\u5305\u65f6\u80fd\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u66f4\u4f4e\u7684\u5ef6\u8fdf\u3002\u5728\u7406\u89e3\u7f51\u7edc\u7f16\u7a0b\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u77e5\u8bc6\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u6df1\u5165\u4e86\u89e3Linux\u4e0b\u7684\u5957\u63a5\u5b57API\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9bAPI\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e0e\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7f51\u7edc\u5c42\u8fdb\u884c\u4ea4\u4e92\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u3002\u672c\u7ae0\u5185\u5bb9\u5c06\u5e2e\u52a9\u8bfb\u8005\u638c\u63e1\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9bAPI\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u7f51\u7edc\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u4e3a\u540e\u7eed\u7ae0\u8282\u4e2d\u6784\u5efaUDP\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u548c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u6253\u4e0b\u57fa\u7840\u3002_linux \u505audp\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/48579.html\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"\u7f51\u7855\u4e92\u8054\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2d\u5fc3\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-07-30T04:38:39+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/20250730043837-6889a1cd8cd1f.gif\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u4f5c\u8005\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"\u9884\u8ba1\u9605\u8bfb\u65f6\u95f4\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"11 \u5206\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/48579.html\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/48579.html\",\"name\":\"Linux\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u7684UDP\u901a\u4fe1\uff1a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0e\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5f00\u53d1\u8be6\u89e3 - 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