{"id":48387,"date":"2025-07-30T11:52:42","date_gmt":"2025-07-30T03:52:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/48387.html"},"modified":"2025-07-30T11:52:42","modified_gmt":"2025-07-30T03:52:42","slug":"linux-%e8%bf%9b%e7%a8%8b%e7%ae%a1%e7%90%86%e4%b8%8e%e8%ae%a1%e5%88%92%e4%bb%bb%e5%8a%a1%e8%ae%be%e7%bd%ae","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/48387.html","title":{"rendered":"Linux \u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ba1\u7406\u4e0e\u8ba1\u5212\u4efb\u52a1\u8bbe\u7f6e"},"content":{"rendered":"

Linux \u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ba1\u7406\u4e0e\u8ba1\u5212\u4efb\u52a1\u8bbe\u7f6e<\/h2>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ba1\u7406<\/h3>\n

\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ba1\u7406\u7528\u4e8e\u76d1\u63a7\u3001\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f（\u8fdb\u7a0b），\u5305\u62ec\u67e5\u770b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u72b6\u6001\u3001\u8c03\u6574\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u3001\u7ec8\u6b62\u5f02\u5e38\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7b49\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u6838\u5fc3\u547d\u4ee4\u53ca\u64cd\u4f5c\u8bf4\u660e：<\/p>\n

1. \u5e38\u7528\u8fdb\u7a0b\u67e5\u770b\u547d\u4ee4<\/h4>\n

（1）ps：\u67e5\u770b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u9759\u6001\u4fe1\u606f<\/h5>\n

\u529f\u80fd：\u663e\u793a\u7cfb\u7edf\u5f53\u524d\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u5feb\u7167（\u9759\u6001\u4fe1\u606f）\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n

\u9009\u9879<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u8bf4\u660e<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

-a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u663e\u793a\u5f53\u524d\u7ec8\u7aef\u4e0b\u7684\u6240\u6709\u8fdb\u7a0b（\u5305\u62ec\u5176\u4ed6\u7528\u6237），\u4e0e -x \u7ed3\u5408\u663e\u793a\u7cfb\u7edf\u6240\u6709\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

-u<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u4ee5\u7528\u6237\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u8f93\u51fa\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4fe1\u606f<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

-x<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u663e\u793a\u5f53\u524d\u7528\u6237\u6240\u6709\u7ec8\u7aef\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b（\u5305\u62ec\u65e0\u7ec8\u7aef\u7684\u540e\u53f0\u8fdb\u7a0b）<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

-e<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u663e\u793a\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u6240\u6709\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

-l<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u957f\u683c\u5f0f\u663e\u793a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4fe1\u606f<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

-f<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u5b8c\u6574\u683c\u5f0f\u663e\u793a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4fe1\u606f<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u5e38\u7528\u7528\u6cd5：<\/p>\n

ps -aux # \u663e\u793a\u6240\u6709\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f（\u7528\u6237\u89c6\u89d2）<\/p>\n

ps -elf # \u663e\u793a\u6240\u6709\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u683c\u5f0f（\u7cfb\u7edf\u89c6\u89d2）<\/p>\n

\u8f93\u51fa\u5b57\u6bb5\u8bf4\u660e：<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n

\u5b57\u6bb5<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u542b\u4e49<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

USER<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u542f\u52a8\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u7528\u6237\u8d26\u53f7<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

PID<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u8fdb\u7a0b\u552f\u4e00 ID（\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u552f\u4e00）<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

%CPU<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5360\u7528 CPU \u7684\u767e\u5206\u6bd4<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

%MEM<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5360\u7528\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u767e\u5206\u6bd4<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

VSZ<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u5360\u7528\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58（swap）\u7684\u5927\u5c0f（KB）<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

RSS<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u5360\u7528\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u5927\u5c0f（KB）<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

TTY<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u7ec8\u7aef（? \u8868\u793a\u65e0\u9700\u7ec8\u7aef）<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

STAT<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u8fdb\u7a0b\u72b6\u6001（R\u8fd0\u884c\u3001S\u4f11\u7720\u3001Z\u50f5\u6b7b\u3001<\u9ad8\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u3001N\u4f4e\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u7b49）<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

START<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u8fdb\u7a0b\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\u95f4<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

TIME<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5360\u7528 CPU \u7684\u603b\u65f6\u95f4<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

COMMAND<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u542f\u52a8\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u540d\u79f0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

（2）top：\u67e5\u770b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u52a8\u6001\u4fe1\u606f<\/h5>\n

\u529f\u80fd：\u5b9e\u65f6\u52a8\u6001\u76d1\u63a7\u8fdb\u7a0b\u72b6\u6001（\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6bcf 3 \u79d2\u5237\u65b0\u4e00\u6b21）\u3002<\/p>\n

\u754c\u9762\u6838\u5fc3\u6307\u6807\u8bf4\u660e：<\/p>\n

    \n
  • \u9876\u90e8\u7cfb\u7edf\u4fe1\u606f：\n
      \n
    • load average: 0.1, 0.5, 1.0：CPU 1 \u5206\u949f\u30015 \u5206\u949f\u300115 \u5206\u949f\u5185\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u8d1f\u8f7d（\u8d85\u8fc7 CPU \u6838\u5fc3\u6570 2 \u500d\u8868\u793a\u9ad8\u8d1f\u8f7d）\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
    • Task（\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7edf\u8ba1）：\n
        \n
      • total：\u603b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6570；running：\u8fd0\u884c\u4e2d；sleeping：\u4f11\u7720；stopped：\u505c\u6b62；zombie：\u50f5\u6b7b\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
      • % CPU（CPU \u5360\u7528）：\n
          \n
        • us：\u7528\u6237\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5360\u7528；sy：\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5360\u7528；ni：\u8c03\u6574\u8fc7\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u7684\u7528\u6237\u8fdb\u7a0b；id：\u7a7a\u95f2 CPU；wa：I\/O \u7b49\u5f85；hi\/si：\u786c \/ \u8f6f\u4e2d\u65ad；st：\u865a\u62df\u5316\u5360\u7528\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
        • Mem\/Swap：\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58 \/ \u4ea4\u6362\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5（\u603b\u5bb9\u91cf\u3001\u5df2\u7528\u3001\u7a7a\u95f2）\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
            \n
          • \u8fdb\u7a0b\u5217\u8868\u5b57\u6bb5：<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
            \n

            \u5b57\u6bb5<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

            		\n

            \u542b\u4e49<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

            \n

            PID<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

            		\n

            \u8fdb\u7a0b ID<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

            \n

            USER<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

            		\n

            \u8fdb\u7a0b\u5c5e\u4e3b<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

            \n

            PR<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

            		\n

            \u8fdb\u7a0b\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7（\u5185\u6838\u52a8\u6001\u8c03\u6574）<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

            \n

            NI<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

            		\n

            \u8fdb\u7a0b nice \u503c（-20~19，\u503c\u8d8a\u5c0f\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u8d8a\u9ad8）<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

            \n

            VIRT<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

            		\n

            \u8fdb\u7a0b\u5360\u7528\u7684\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\u603b\u91cf（KB）<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

            \n

            RES<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

            		\n

            \u8fdb\u7a0b\u5360\u7528\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u603b\u91cf（KB）<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

            \n

            SHR<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

            		\n

            \u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5171\u4eab\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u91cf（KB）<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

            \n

            S<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

            		\n

            \u8fdb\u7a0b\u72b6\u6001（D\u4e0d\u53ef\u4e2d\u65ad\u4f11\u7720\u3001R\u8fd0\u884c\u3001S\u4f11\u7720\u3001T\u505c\u6b62\u3001Z\u50f5\u6b7b）<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

            \n

            %CPU\/%MEM<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

            		\n

            \u8fdb\u7a0b\u5360\u7528 CPU \/ \u5185\u5b58\u7684\u767e\u5206\u6bd4<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

            \n

            TIME+<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

            		\n

            \u8fdb\u7a0b\u542f\u52a8\u540e\u5360\u7528\u7684 CPU \u603b\u65f6\u95f4<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

            \n

            COMMAND<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

            		\n

            \u542f\u52a8\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u547d\u4ee4<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

            （3）pgrep -l <\u8fdb\u7a0b\u540d>：<\/span>\u6309\u540d\u79f0\u67e5\u8be2\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/h5>\n

            \u529f\u80fd：\u6839\u636e\u8fdb\u7a0b\u540d\u67e5\u627e\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b ID（PID）\u548c\u540d\u79f0\u3002<\/p>\n

            \u793a\u4f8b：<\/p>\n

            pgrep -l systemd # \u67e5\u627e\u540d\u4e3asshd\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b，\u8f93\u51fa\u683c\u5f0f：PID \u8fdb\u7a0b\u540d<\/p>\n

            （4）pstree：\u67e5\u770b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6811\u5f62\u7ed3\u6784<\/h5>\n

            \u529f\u80fd：\u4ee5\u6811\u5f62\u56fe\u5c55\u793a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u7684\u7236\u5b50\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
            \n

            \u9009\u9879<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

            		\n

            \u8bf4\u660e<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

            \n

            -p<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

            		\n

            \u540c\u65f6\u663e\u793a\u8fdb\u7a0b PID<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

            \n

            -u<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

            		\n

            \u663e\u793a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6240\u5c5e\u7528\u6237<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

            \n

            -a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

            		\n

            \u663e\u793a\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u4fe1\u606f<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

            \u793a\u4f8b：<\/p>\n

            pstree -pu # \u663e\u793a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6811\u3001PID\u53ca\u6240\u5c5e\u7528\u6237<\/p>\n

            2. \u8fdb\u7a0b\u63a7\u5236\u64cd\u4f5c<\/h4>\n

            （1）\u8fdb\u7a0b\u542f\u52a8\u65b9\u5f0f<\/h5>\n
              \n
            • \u524d\u53f0\u542f\u52a8：\u547d\u4ee4\u76f4\u63a5\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u7ec8\u7aef\u8fd0\u884c（\u9ed8\u8ba4\u65b9\u5f0f），\u4f8b\u5982：<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

              ls \/home # \u524d\u53f0\u6267\u884c，\u6267\u884c\u671f\u95f4\u7ec8\u7aef\u88ab\u5360\u7528<\/p>\n

                \n
              • \u540e\u53f0\u542f\u52a8：\u547d\u4ee4\u540e\u52a0 &，\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5728\u540e\u53f0\u8fd0\u884c，\u7ec8\u7aef\u53ef\u7ee7\u7eed\u4f7f\u7528：<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                route & # \u540e\u53f0\u6267\u884croute\u547d\u4ee4<\/p>\n

                （2）\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6302\u8d77\u4e0e\u6062\u590d<\/h5>\n
                  \n
                • \u6302\u8d77\u5f53\u524d\u8fdb\u7a0b：\u524d\u53f0\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6，\u6309 Ctrl + Z \u53ef\u5c06\u5176\u6302\u8d77（\u8f6c\u5165\u540e\u53f0\u5e76\u505c\u6b62\u6267\u884c）\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                  \u793a\u4f8b：<\/p>\n

                  top # \u524d\u53f0\u8fd0\u884ctop，\u6309Ctrl+Z\u6302\u8d77<\/p>\n

                    \n
                  • \u67e5\u770b\u540e\u53f0\u8fdb\u7a0b：<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                    jobs -l # \u5217\u51fa\u540e\u53f0\u8fdb\u7a0b（-l\u663e\u793aPID）<\/p>\n

                      \n
                    • \u6062\u590d\u540e\u53f0\u8fdb\u7a0b：<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                        \n
                      • \n
                          \n
                        • bg <\u4efb\u52a1\u53f7><\/span>：\u5c06\u540e\u53f0\u6302\u8d77\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6062\u590d\u8fd0\u884c（\u7ee7\u7eed\u5728\u540e\u53f0）：<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                          bg 1 # \u6062\u590d\u4efb\u52a1\u53f7\u4e3a1\u7684\u540e\u53f0\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/p>\n

                            \n
                          • \n
                              \n
                            • fg <\u4efb\u52a1\u53f7><\/span>：\u5c06\u540e\u53f0\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8c03\u56de\u524d\u53f0\u8fd0\u884c：<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                              fg 1 # \u5c06\u4efb\u52a1\u53f7\u4e3a1\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8c03\u81f3\u524d\u53f0<\/p>\n

                              3. \u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ec8\u6b62\u4e0e\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u8c03\u6574<\/h4>\n

                              （1）kill <\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53f7><\/span>：\u901a\u8fc7 PID \u7ec8\u6b62\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/h5>\n

                              \u529f\u80fd：\u5411\u6307\u5b9a PID \u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53d1\u9001\u7ec8\u6b62\u4fe1\u53f7（\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4fe1\u53f7\u4e3a 15，\u6b63\u5e38\u7ec8\u6b62）\u3002<\/p>\n

                                \n
                              • \u5f3a\u5236\u7ec8\u6b62（\u4fe1\u53f7 9，\u65e0\u6cd5\u5ffd\u7565）：<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                kill -9 1234 # \u5f3a\u5236\u7ec8\u6b62PID\u4e3a1234\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/p>\n

                                （2）pkill <\u6761\u4ef6>：\u6309\u6761\u4ef6\u7ec8\u6b62\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/h5>\n

                                \u529f\u80fd：\u6839\u636e\u8fdb\u7a0b\u540d\u3001\u7528\u6237\u3001\u7ec8\u7aef\u7b49\u5c5e\u6027\u7ec8\u6b62\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n
                                \n

                                \u9009\u9879<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                                		\n

                                \u8bf4\u660e<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

                                \n

                                -U <\u7528\u6237\u540d><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                                		\n

                                \u7ec8\u6b62\u6307\u5b9a\u7528\u6237\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

                                \n

                                -t <\u7ec8\u7aef><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                                		\n

                                \u7ec8\u6b62\u6307\u5b9a\u7ec8\u7aef\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

                                \u793a\u4f8b：<\/p>\n

                                pkill -U zhangsan # \u7ec8\u6b62\u7528\u6237zhangsan\u7684\u6240\u6709\u8fdb\u7a0b
                                \npkill -9 sshd # \u5f3a\u5236\u7ec8\u6b62\u6240\u6709\u540d\u4e3asshd\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/p>\n

                                （3）killall <\u8fdb\u7a0b\u540d>：\u6309\u540d\u79f0\u7ec8\u6b62\u6240\u6709\u540c\u540d\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/h5>\n

                                \u793a\u4f8b：<\/p>\n

                                killall -9 httpd # \u5f3a\u5236\u7ec8\u6b62\u6240\u6709httpd\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/p>\n

                                （4）renice：\u8c03\u6574\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7<\/h5>\n

                                \u529f\u80fd：\u4fee\u6539\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684 nice \u503c（-20~19，\u503c\u8d8a\u5c0f\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u8d8a\u9ad8<\/span>）\u3002<\/p>\n

                                \u793a\u4f8b：<\/p>\n

                                renice -5 1234 # \u5c06PID\u4e3a1234\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0bnice\u503c\u6539\u4e3a-5（\u63d0\u9ad8\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7）<\/p>\n

                                \u4e8c\u3001\u8ba1\u5212\u4efb\u52a1\u8bbe\u7f6e<\/h3>\n

                                \u8ba1\u5212\u4efb\u52a1\u7528\u4e8e\u81ea\u52a8\u6267\u884c\u5468\u671f\u6027\u6216\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u4efb\u52a1（\u5982\u5907\u4efd\u3001\u76d1\u63a7\u7b49），\u6838\u5fc3\u5de5\u5177\u4e3a at（\u4e00\u6b21\u6027）\u548c crontab（\u5468\u671f\u6027）\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

                                1. \u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u8ba1\u5212\u4efb\u52a1（at）<\/h4>\n

                                （1）\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u4efb\u52a1<\/h5>\n

                                \u8bed\u6cd5：at <\u65f6\u95f4> [\u65e5\u671f]，\u8fdb\u5165\u7f16\u8f91\u754c\u9762\u8f93\u5165\u547d\u4ee4，\u6309 Ctrl + D \u4fdd\u5b58\u9000\u51fa\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

                                \u793a\u4f8b：<\/p>\n

                                at 23:30 2025-07-31 # \u8bbe\u7f6e2025\u5e747\u670831\u65e523:30\u6267\u884c\u4efb\u52a1<\/p>\n

                                at> ls \/ > \/tmp\/dir_list # \u4efb\u52a1\u5185\u5bb9：\u5c06\/\u76ee\u5f55\u5217\u8868\u5199\u5165\/tmp\/dir_list<\/p>\n

                                at> <EOT> # \u6309Ctrl+D\u7ed3\u675f\u7f16\u8f91<\/p>\n

                                （2）\u7ba1\u7406at\u4efb\u52a1<\/h5>\n
                                  \n
                                • \u67e5\u770b\u5f85\u6267\u884c\u4efb\u52a1：<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                  atq # \u5217\u51fa\u6240\u6709at\u4efb\u52a1（\u683c\u5f0f：\u4efb\u52a1\u53f7 \u6267\u884c\u65f6\u95f4 \u7528\u6237\u540d）<\/p>\n

                                    \n
                                  • \u67e5\u770b\u4efb\u52a1\u8be6\u60c5：<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                    at -c 1 # \u67e5\u770b\u4efb\u52a1\u53f7\u4e3a1\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u5185\u5bb9<\/p>\n

                                      \n
                                    • \u5220\u9664\u4efb\u52a1：<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                      atrm 1 # \u5220\u9664\u4efb\u52a1\u53f7\u4e3a1\u7684at\u4efb\u52a1<\/p>\n

                                      2. \u5468\u671f\u6027\u8ba1\u5212\u4efb\u52a1（crontab）<\/h4>\n

                                      （1）\u57fa\u672c\u8bed\u6cd5<\/h5>\n

                                      \u901a\u8fc7 crontab -e \u7f16\u8f91\u4efb\u52a1，\u683c\u5f0f\u4e3a：<\/p>\n

                                      \u5206 \u65f6 \u65e5 \u6708 \u5468 \u547d\u4ee4<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
                                      \n

                                      \u65f6\u95f4\u5b57\u6bb5<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                                      		\n

                                      \u53d6\u503c\u8303\u56f4<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                                      		\n

                                      \u7279\u6b8a\u7b26\u53f7<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                                      		\n

                                      \u542b\u4e49<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

                                      \n

                                      \u5206<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                                      		\n

                                      0~59<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                                      		\n

                                      ,<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                                      		\n

                                      \u679a\u4e3e（\u598210,20\u8868\u793a 10 \u5206\u548c 20 \u5206）<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

                                      \n

                                      \u65f6<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                                      		\n

                                      0~23<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                                      		\n

                                      –<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                                      		\n

                                      \u8303\u56f4（\u59829-17\u8868\u793a 9 \u70b9\u5230 17 \u70b9）<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

                                      \n

                                      \u65e5<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                                      		\n

                                      1~31<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                                      		\n

                                      *\/n<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                                      		\n

                                      \u95f4\u9694（\u5982*\/2\u8868\u793a\u6bcf 2 \u5929）<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

                                      \n

                                      \u6708<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                                      		\n

                                      1~12<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                                      		<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                      \n

                                      \u5468<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                                      		\n

                                      0~7（0\/7 \u4e3a\u5468\u65e5）<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                                      		<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
                                      （2）crontab \u547d\u4ee4\u9009\u9879<\/h5>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
                                      \n

                                      \u9009\u9879<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                                      		\n

                                      \u8bf4\u660e<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

                                      \n

                                      -e<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                                      		\n

                                      \u7f16\u8f91\u5f53\u524d\u7528\u6237\u7684\u8ba1\u5212\u4efb\u52a1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

                                      \n

                                      -u <\u7528\u6237><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                                      		\n

                                      \u6307\u5b9a\u7528\u6237（\u4ec5 root \u53ef\u7528），\u5982 crontab -u zhangsan -e<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

                                      \n

                                      -l<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                                      		\n

                                      \u5217\u51fa\u5f53\u524d\u7528\u6237\u7684\u8ba1\u5212\u4efb\u52a1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

                                      \n

                                      -r<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                                      		\n

                                      \u5220\u9664\u5f53\u524d\u7528\u6237\u7684\u6240\u6709\u8ba1\u5212\u4efb\u52a1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

                                      （3）\u914d\u7f6e\u793a\u4f8b<\/h5>\n

                                      # \u6bcf\u5929\u51cc\u66683\u70b9\u6267\u884c\u5907\u4efd\u811a\u672c<\/p>\n

                                      0 3 * * * \/root\/backup.sh<\/p>\n

                                      # \u6bcf\u5468\u4e00\u3001\u4e09\u3001\u4e94\u768418:30\u6267\u884c\u65e5\u5fd7\u6e05\u7406<\/p>\n

                                      30 18 * * 1,3,5 \/usr\/bin\/clean_logs.sh<\/p>\n

                                      # \u6bcf\u67081\u65e5\u548c15\u65e5\u76840\u70b9，\u6bcf\u5c0f\u65f6\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u6b21\u76d1\u63a7\u811a\u672c<\/p>\n

                                      0 *\/1 1,15 * * \/usr\/local\/monitor.sh<\/p>\n

                                      （4）\u4efb\u52a1\u6587\u4ef6\u5b58\u653e<\/h5>\n
                                        \n
                                      • \u7cfb\u7edf\u7ea7\u4efb\u52a1：\/etc\/crontab（\u9700 root \u7f16\u8f91）\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                                          \n
                                        • \u7528\u6237\u7ea7\u4efb\u52a1：\/var\/spool\/cron\/<\u7528\u6237\u540d>（\u81ea\u52a8\u751f\u6210，\u65e0\u9700\u624b\u52a8\u7f16\u8f91）\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                                          （5）\u670d\u52a1\u7ba1\u7406<\/h5>\n

                                          crontab \u4f9d\u8d56 crond \u670d\u52a1，\u9700\u786e\u4fdd\u5176\u8fd0\u884c：<\/p>\n

                                          systemctl restart crond # \u91cd\u542f\u670d\u52a1<\/p>\n

                                          systemctl enable crond # \u8bbe\u7f6e\u5f00\u673a\u81ea\u542f<\/p>\n

                                          3. \u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879<\/h4>\n
                                            \n
                                          • \u5173\u673a\u5f71\u54cd：at \u548c crontab \u4efb\u52a1\u5747\u4f9d\u8d56\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fd0\u884c\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u82e5\u7cfb\u7edf\u5728\u4efb\u52a1\u9884\u5b9a\u65f6\u95f4\u5173\u673a，at \u4efb\u52a1\u4f1a\u5931\u6548，crontab \u4efb\u52a1\u4f1a\u8df3\u8fc7\u8be5\u6b21\u6267\u884c，\u540e\u7eed\u5468\u671f\u7ee7\u7eed\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                                              \n
                                            • \u547d\u4ee4\u8def\u5f84：\u8ba1\u5212\u4efb\u52a1\u4e2d\u5efa\u8bae\u4f7f\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84（\u5982 \/usr\/bin\/ls \u800c\u975e ls），\u907f\u514d\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                                                \n
                                              • \u65e5\u5fd7\u67e5\u770b：\u4efb\u52a1\u6267\u884c\u65e5\u5fd7\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7 \/var\/log\/cron \u6216 journalctl -u crond \u67e5\u770b\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                \u901a\u8fc7\u4e0a\u8ff0\u5de5\u5177\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c，\u53ef\u5b9e\u73b0\u5bf9 Linux \u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u5168\u9762\u7ba1\u7406\u53ca\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u4efb\u52a1\u8c03\u5ea6，\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u7cfb\u7edf\u76d1\u63a7\u3001\u5b9a\u671f\u7ef4\u62a4\u7b49\u573a\u666f\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                                                \u6587\u7ae0\u6d4f\u89c8\u9605\u8bfb166\u6b21\u3002\u6458\u8981\uff1a \u672c\u6587\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ba1\u7406\u4e0e\u8ba1\u5212\u4efb\u52a1\u8bbe\u7f6e\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ba1\u7406\u90e8\u5206\u6db5\u76d6\u5e38\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\uff08ps\u3001top\u3001pgrep\u3001pstree\uff09\u7528\u4e8e\u67e5\u770b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u8fdb\u7a0b\u63a7\u5236\u64cd\u4f5c\uff08\u540e\u53f0\u542f\u52a8\u3001\u6302\u8d77\/\u6062\u590d\u3001\u7ec8\u6b62\u4e0e\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u8c03\u6574\uff09\u3002\u8ba1\u5212\u4efb\u52a1\u90e8\u5206\u5305\u62ec\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u4efb\u52a1\u5de5\u5177at\uff08\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3001\u67e5\u770b\u3001\u5220\u9664\uff09\u548c\u5468\u671f\u6027\u4efb\u52a1\u5de5\u5177crontab\uff08\u8bed\u6cd5\u3001\u914d\u7f6e\u793a\u4f8b\u3001\u670d\u52a1\u7ba1\u7406\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u5f3a\u8c03\u4f7f\u7528\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u548c\u65e5\u5fd7\u67e5\u770b\u7b49\u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e24\u7c7b\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u53ef\u6709\u6548\u76d1\u63a7\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5e76\u5b9e\u73b0\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u4efb\u52a1\u8c03\u5ea6\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ef4\u62a4\u4e0e\u76d1\u63a7\u573a\u666f\u3002\uff08150\u5b57\uff09<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[58,43,78,44],"topic":[],"class_list":["post-48387","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-server","tag-linux","tag-43","tag-78","tag-44"],"yoast_head":"\nLinux \u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ba1\u7406\u4e0e\u8ba1\u5212\u4efb\u52a1\u8bbe\u7f6e - 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