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\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5b89\u5168\u662f\u540e\u7aef\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u5173\u952e\u73af\u8282，\u6d89\u53ca\u4fdd\u62a4\u6570\u636e\u514d\u53d7\u4ece\u7f51\u7edc\u653b\u51fb\u5230\u7269\u7406\u707e\u5bb3\u7b49\u5404\u79cd\u5a01\u80c1\u3002\u00a0\u901a\u8fc7\u5b9e\u65bd\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5b89\u5168\u63aa\u65bd，\u4f01\u4e1a\u65e2\u80fd\u4fdd\u62a4\u5b9d\u8d35\u6570\u636e\u3001\u7ef4\u62a4\u7528\u6237\u4fe1\u4efb\u5e76\u786e\u4fdd\u4e1a\u52a1\u8fde\u7eed\u6027，\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u80fd\u6ee1\u8db3\u6cd5\u5f8b\u5408\u89c4\u8981\u6c42\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4fdd\u62a4 MongoDB \u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/span><\/h2>\n

\u4fdd\u62a4 MongoDB \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u9700\u8981\u6267\u884c\u51e0\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u6b65\u9aa4，\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6b65\u9aa4\u80fd\u663e\u8457\u63d0\u5347\u6570\u636e\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002\u00a0\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u4ee5\u535a\u5ba2\u5e94\u7528\u4e3a\u4f8b\u6f14\u793a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6b65\u9aa4：<\/span><\/p>\n

\u542f\u7528\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236<\/span><\/p>\n

\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b，MongoDB \u5728\u65e0\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u72b6\u6001\u4e0b\u8fd0\u884c，\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4efb\u4f55\u80fd\u8bbf\u95ee\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u4eba\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u64cd\u4f5c\u6240\u6709\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3002\u00a0\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u542f\u7528\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u5e76\u5b9a\u4e49\u53ef\u8bbf\u95ee\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u7528\u6237\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u56fe 10.1 \u5728 MongoDB \u4e2d\u542f\u7528\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u8bed\u6cd5：<\/span><\/p>\n

# Switch to the admin database
\n> use admin
\n# Create a new user
\n> db.createUser(
\n {
\n user: "myUserAdmin",
\n pwd: "abc123",
\n roles: [ { role: "userAdminAnyDatabase", db: "admin" } ]
\n }
\n)<\/p>\n

\u8be5\u547d\u4ee4\u5728 admin \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u521b\u5efa\u7528\u6237 myUserAdmin，\u5bc6\u7801\u8bbe\u4e3a abc123\u3002\u00a0\u8be5\u7528\u6237\u88ab\u6388\u4e88 userAdminAnyDatabase \u89d2\u8272，\u4f7f\u5176\u80fd\u591f\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u4efb\u610f\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e0a\u7684\u7528\u6237\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b65，\u542f\u7528\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u5e76\u91cd\u542f MongoDB \u670d\u52a1\u5668：<\/span><\/p>\n

mongod –auth<\/p>\n

\u5f3a\u5236\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1<\/span><\/p>\n

\u542f\u7528\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u540e，\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5fc5\u987b\u901a\u8fc7\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u624d\u80fd\u8fde\u63a5\u5230\u60a8\u7684 MongoDB \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u00a0\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u8fdb\u884c\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1：<\/span><\/p>\n

mongo –username myUserAdmin –password abc123 –authenticationDatabase admin<\/p>\n

\u4f7f\u7528 TLS\/SSL<\/span><\/p>\n

\u914d\u7f6e MongoDB \u5bf9\u6240\u6709\u8fdb\u51fa\u8fde\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528\u4f20\u8f93\u5c42\u5b89\u5168\u534f\u8bae(TLS)\u6216\u5176\u524d\u8eab\u5b89\u5168\u5957\u63a5\u5c42(SSL)\u3002\u00a0\u8fd9\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fdd\u62a4"\u4f20\u8f93\u4e2d"\u7684\u6570\u636e\u2014\u2014\u5373\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u79fb\u52a8\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u65f6\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5b89\u5168\u3002\u00a0\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u751f\u6210（\u6216\u8d2d\u4e70）TLS\/SSL \u8bc1\u4e66，\u7136\u540e\u4f7f\u7528–tlsMode \u548c–tlsCertificateKeyFile \u9009\u9879\u542f\u52a8\u670d\u52a1\u5668：<\/span><\/p>\n

mongod –tlsMode requireTLS –tlsCertificateKeyFile \/etc\/ssl\/mongodb.pem<\/p>\n

\u57fa\u4e8e\u89d2\u8272\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4ec5\u5411\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u63d0\u4f9b\u4ed6\u4eec\u6240\u9700\u7684\u6743\u9650\u3002\u00a0\u5982\u679c\u7528\u6237\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u8bfb\u53d6\u6587\u6863，\u5c31\u4e0d\u8981\u8d4b\u4e88\u4ed6\u4eec\u5199\u5165\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u6743\u9650\u3002\u00a0\u4f8b\u5982\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u535a\u5ba2\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d，\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5177\u6709\u6dfb\u52a0\u548c\u7f16\u8f91\u6587\u7ae0\u6743\u9650\u7684"writer"\u89d2\u8272，\u4ee5\u53ca\u4ec5\u80fd\u67e5\u770b\u6587\u7ae0\u7684"reader"\u89d2\u8272\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

# Switch to the blog database
\n> use blog
\n# Create a writer
\n> db.createUser(
\n {
\n user: "writer",
\n pwd: "abc123",
\n roles: [ { role: "readWrite", db: "blog" } ]
\n }
\n)
\n# Create a reader
\n> db.createUser(
\n {
\n user: "reader",
\n pwd: "abc123",
\n roles: [ { role: "read", db: "blog" } ]
\n }
\n)<\/p>\n

\u52a0\u5bc6\u5b58\u50a8\u5f15\u64ce<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4e3a\u786e\u4fdd MongoDB \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027，\u4f7f\u7528 MongoDB \u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u52a0\u5bc6\u5b58\u50a8\u5f15\u64ce\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002WiredTiger \u5b58\u50a8\u5f15\u64ce\u63d0\u4f9b\u9759\u6001\u6570\u636e\u52a0\u5bc6\u529f\u80fd，\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u60a8\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5728\u975e\u8fd0\u884c\u72b6\u6001\u4e0b\u5b58\u50a8\u4e8e\u78c1\u76d8\u65f6\u4f1a\u88ab\u52a0\u5bc6\u3002\u00a0\u4f46\u9700\u6ce8\u610f，\u6b64\u529f\u80fd\u4ec5\u5728 MongoDB \u4f01\u4e1a\u7248\u4e2d\u63d0\u4f9b\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5b9a\u671f\u66f4\u65b0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u9664\u4e86\u4f7f\u7528\u52a0\u5bc6\u5b58\u50a8\u5916，\u5b9a\u671f\u66f4\u65b0 MongoDB \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u540c\u6837\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u00a0\u901a\u8fc7\u5b9a\u671f\u66f4\u65b0，\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u83b7\u5f97\u6700\u65b0\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u589e\u5f3a\u529f\u80fd\u548c\u8865\u4e01\u3002\u00a0\u5b9a\u671f\u66f4\u65b0\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u4fdd\u62a4\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u514d\u53d7\u6f5c\u5728\u6f0f\u6d1e\u548c\u5a01\u80c1\u7684\u4fb5\u5bb3\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u7f51\u7edc\u66b4\u9732<\/span><\/p>\n

\u9650\u5236\u7f51\u7edc\u66b4\u9732\u662f MongoDB \u5b89\u5168\u4f53\u7cfb\u4e2d\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u00a0\u4e0d\u5efa\u8bae\u8ba9\u60a8\u7684 MongoDB \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u76f4\u63a5\u901a\u8fc7\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002\u00a0\u5e94\u5f53\u901a\u8fc7\u9632\u706b\u5899\u8fdb\u884c\u4fdd\u62a4，\u4ec5\u5f00\u653e\u7edd\u5bf9\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u3002\u00a0\u8fd9\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u9632\u6b62\u672a\u7ecf\u6388\u6743\u7684\u7528\u6237\u8bbf\u95ee\u60a8\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3002\u00a0\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5728 mongodb.conf \u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u8bbe\u7f6e bindIp \u9009\u9879，\u5c06\u8fde\u63a5\u9650\u5236\u4e3a\u4ec5\u5141\u8bb8\u7279\u5b9a IP \u5730\u5740\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002\u00a0\u4f8b\u5982，\u82e5\u5c06 bindIp \u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a 127.0.0.1，\u5219\u4ec5\u80fd\u63a5\u53d7\u6765\u81ea\u672c\u5730\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

net:
\n bindIp: 127.0.0.1<\/p>\n

\u9650\u5236\u7f51\u7edc\u66b4\u9732\u662f MongoDB \u5b89\u5168\u4f53\u7cfb\u4e2d\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u00a0\u4e0d\u5efa\u8bae\u8ba9\u60a8\u7684 MongoDB \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u76f4\u63a5\u901a\u8fc7\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002\u00a0\u5e94\u5f53\u901a\u8fc7\u9632\u706b\u5899\u8fdb\u884c\u4fdd\u62a4，\u4ec5\u5f00\u653e\u7edd\u5bf9\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u3002\u00a0\u8fd9\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u9632\u6b62\u672a\u6388\u6743\u7528\u6237\u8bbf\u95ee\u60a8\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3002\u00a0\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u914d\u7f6e mongodb.conf \u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684 bindIp \u9009\u9879，\u5c06\u8fde\u63a5\u9650\u5236\u5728\u7279\u5b9a IP \u5730\u5740\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u3002\u00a0\u4f8b\u5982，\u5982\u679c\u5c06 bindIp \u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a 127.0.0.1，\u5219\u4ec5\u80fd\u63a5\u53d7\u6765\u81ea\u672c\u5730\u4e3b\u673a\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u7528\u6237\u8ba4\u8bc1\u4e0e\u6388\u6743<\/span><\/h2>\n

\u4fdd\u62a4 gRPC \u670d\u52a1\u5b89\u5168\u6d89\u53ca\u591a\u4e2a\u56f4\u7ed5\u8ba4\u8bc1\u548c\u52a0\u5bc6\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002\u00a0\u4e0b\u9762\u6211\u5c06\u4ee5\u6211\u4eec\u7684 C++\u535a\u5ba2\u5e94\u7528\u4e3a\u4f8b，\u8bf4\u660e\u5982\u4f55\u4e3a gRPC \u6dfb\u52a0\u5b89\u5168\u673a\u5236\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

SSL\/TLS \u52a0\u5bc6<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4fdd\u62a4 gRPC \u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\u662f\u4f7f\u7528 SSL\/TLS \u52a0\u5bc6\u3002\u00a0\u5b83\u80fd\u786e\u4fdd\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4e0e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e4b\u95f4\u4f20\u8f93\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5177\u6709\u79c1\u5bc6\u6027\u548c\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u3002\u00a0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5177\u4f53\u5b9e\u73b0\u6b65\u9aa4：<\/span><\/p>\n

\u9996\u5148，\u751f\u6210\u8bc1\u4e66\u548c\u79c1\u94a5\u6587\u4ef6：<\/span><\/p>\n

openssl req -x509 -newkey rsa:4096 -keyout key.pem -out cert.pem -days 365 -nodes<\/p>\n

\u7136\u540e，\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a grpc::SslServerCredentials \u5bf9\u8c61，\u5e76\u5728\u542f\u52a8\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83：<\/span><\/p>\n

std::string server_address("0.0.0.0:50051");
\ngrpc::SslServerCredentialsOptions::PemKeyCertPair key_cert_pair = {read_key("key.pem"), read_cert("cert.pem")};
\ngrpc::SslServerCredentialsOptions ssl_options;
\nssl_options.pem_key_cert_pairs.push_back(key_cert_pair);
\nstd::shared_ptr<grpc::ServerCredentials> creds = grpc::SslServerCredentials(ssl_options);
\nBlogServiceImpl service;
\ngrpc::ServerBuilder builder;
\nbuilder.AddListeningPort(server_address, creds);
\nbuilder.RegisterService(&service);
\nstd::unique_ptr<grpc::Server> server(builder.BuildAndStart());<\/p>\n

\u5728\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef，\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a grpc::SslCredentials \u5bf9\u8c61\u5e76\u5728\u521b\u5efa\u5b58\u6839\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83：<\/span><\/p>\n

std::shared_ptr<grpc::ChannelCredentials> creds = grpc::SslCredentials(grpc::SslCredentialsOptions());
\nauto channel = grpc::CreateChannel("localhost:50051", creds);
\nauto stub = BlogService::NewStub(channel);<\/p>\n

\u57fa\u4e8e\u4ee4\u724c\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1<\/span><\/p>\n

\u57fa\u4e8e\u4ee4\u724c\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1（\u5982 JWT（JSON Web Tokens）\u6216 OAuth）\u662f\u540e\u7aef\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u5173\u952e\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u00a0\u8fd9\u79cd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u65b9\u6cd5\u4f7f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u80fd\u591f\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8eab\u4efd，\u786e\u4fdd\u53ea\u6709\u6388\u6743\u7528\u6237\u624d\u80fd\u8bbf\u95ee\u7279\u5b9a\u8d44\u6e90\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u6d41\u7a0b\u59cb\u4e8e\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u767b\u5f55，\u901a\u5e38\u901a\u8fc7\u57fa\u4e8e HTTP \u7684\u767b\u5f55 API \u5b8c\u6210\u3002\u00a0\u5f53\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u51ed\u8bc1\u9a8c\u8bc1\u901a\u8fc7\u540e，\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ee4\u724c\u3002\u00a0\u8be5\u4ee4\u724c\u662f\u4ee3\u8868\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4f1a\u8bdd\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3002\u00a0\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u968f\u540e\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a\u540e\u7eed gRPC \u8c03\u7528\u7684\u5143\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u6b64\u4ee4\u724c，\u4ece\u800c\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e2d\u6709\u6548\u8bc1\u660e\u5176\u8eab\u4efd\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b：<\/span><\/p>\n

grpc::ClientContext context;
\ncontext.AddMetadata("authorization", "Bearer " + token);<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d，\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684 gRPC \u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587，\u5e76\u5c06\u4ee4\u724c\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u7684\u5143\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u3002\u00a0\u952e\u540d"authorization"\u7528\u4e8e\u8868\u660e\u8be5\u503c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6388\u6743\u4ee4\u724c\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef，\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u62e6\u622a\u4f20\u5165\u7684\u8c03\u7528\u4ee5\u68c0\u67e5\u4ee4\u724c\u3002\u00a0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u5c55\u793a\u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u73b0：<\/span><\/p>\n

class AuthInterceptor : public grpc::experimental::Interceptor {
\npublic:
\n void Intercept(grpc::experimental::InterceptorContext* context) override {
\n auto metadata = context->client_metadata();
\n auto it = metadata.find("authorization");
\n if (it == metadata.end()) {
\n context->Finish(grpc::StatusCode::UNAUTHENTICATED, "No token provided");
\n return;
\n }
\n std::string token = it->second;
\n \/\/ Validate the token…
\n }
\n};<\/p>\n

\u5728\u6b64\u4ee3\u7801\u7247\u6bb5\u4e2d，\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u62e6\u622a\u4f20\u5165\u8c03\u7528\u5e76\u68c0\u67e5\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5143\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u7684\u6388\u6743\u4ee4\u724c\u3002\u00a0\u5982\u679c\u672a\u627e\u5230\u4ee4\u724c，\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5c06\u4ee5"UNAUTHENTICATED"\u72b6\u6001\u7801\u7ed3\u675f\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587，\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u63d0\u793a\u672a\u63d0\u4f9b\u4ee4\u724c\u7684\u6d88\u606f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5982\u679c\u627e\u5230\u4ee4\u724c，\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u968f\u540e\u4f1a\u9a8c\u8bc1\u8be5\u4ee4\u724c\u3002\u00a0\u8fd9\u901a\u5e38\u5305\u62ec\u68c0\u67e5\u4ee4\u724c\u7b7e\u540d\u548c\u8fc7\u671f\u65f6\u95f4，\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u5176\u6709\u6548\u4e14\u672a\u8fc7\u671f\u3002\u00a0\u82e5\u4ee4\u724c\u6709\u6548，\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4fbf\u53ef\u5904\u7406\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002\u00a0\u82e5\u4ee4\u724c\u65e0\u6548\u6216\u5df2\u8fc7\u671f，\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53ef\u62d2\u7edd\u8bf7\u6c42\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u9700\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f，\u57fa\u4e8e\u4ee4\u724c\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u66ff\u4ee3 SSL\/TLS\u3002SSL\/TLS \u662f\u7528\u4e8e\u52a0\u5bc6\u7f51\u7edc\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u534f\u8bae，\u5bf9\u4e8e\u786e\u4fdd\u4ee4\u724c\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u654f\u611f\u6570\u636e\u5728\u4f20\u8f93\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4e0d\u88ab\u6cc4\u9732\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u00a0\u5373\u4f7f\u91c7\u7528\u57fa\u4e8e\u4ee4\u724c\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1，\u4ecd\u5e94\u4f7f\u7528 SSL\/TLS \u6765\u4fdd\u62a4\u8fde\u63a5\u5b89\u5168\u5e76\u4fdd\u969c\u6570\u636e\u5b89\u5168\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168<\/span><\/p>\n

\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168\u662f\u540e\u7aef\u5b89\u5168\u4e2d\u4e0d\u53ef\u5ffd\u89c6\u7684\u5173\u952e\u73af\u8282\u3002\u00a0\u5b83\u6d89\u53ca\u5b9e\u65bd\u5404\u79cd\u63aa\u65bd\u6765\u9632\u6b62\u672a\u7ecf\u6388\u6743\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u3001\u6ee5\u7528\u3001\u4fee\u6539\u6216\u62d2\u7edd\u7f51\u7edc\u53ef\u8bbf\u95ee\u8d44\u6e90\u3002\u00a0\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4e8e\u66b4\u9732\u5728\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u4e0a\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5c24\u4e3a\u91cd\u8981，\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u7f51\u7edc\u653b\u51fb\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u76ee\u6807\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168\u6700\u57fa\u672c\u4e14\u6709\u6548\u7684\u63aa\u65bd\u4e4b\u4e00\u5c31\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u9632\u706b\u5899\u3002\u00a0\u9632\u706b\u5899\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u57fa\u4e8e\u9884\u8bbe\u5b89\u5168\u89c4\u5219\u76d1\u63a7\u548c\u63a7\u5236\u8fdb\u51fa\u7f51\u7edc\u6d41\u91cf\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u00a0\u5b83\u5728\u53ef\u4fe1\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0e\u4e0d\u53ef\u4fe1\u7684\u5916\u90e8\u7f51\u7edc（\u5982\u4e92\u8054\u7f51）\u4e4b\u95f4\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u4e00\u9053\u5c4f\u969c\u3002\u00a0\u901a\u8fc7\u963b\u6b62\u672a\u7ecf\u6388\u6743\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee，\u9632\u706b\u5899\u80fd\u6709\u6548\u4fdd\u62a4\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53ca\u5176\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002\u00a0\u4f46\u4ec5\u90e8\u7f72\u9632\u706b\u5899\u5e76\u4e0d\u8db3\u591f\u3002\u00a0\u786e\u4fdd\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4ec5\u5f00\u653e\u5fc5\u8981\u7aef\u53e3\u540c\u6837\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u00a0\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5f00\u653e\u7aef\u53e3\u90fd\u53ef\u80fd\u6210\u4e3a\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u7684\u6f5c\u5728\u5165\u53e3\u70b9，\u56e0\u6b64\u51cf\u5c11\u5f00\u653e\u7aef\u53e3\u6570\u91cf\u80fd\u663e\u8457\u964d\u4f4e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u98ce\u9669\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u9664\u4e86\u63a7\u5236\u5f00\u653e\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u5916，\u60a8\u8fd8\u5e94\u5c06\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u914d\u7f6e\u4e3a\u4ec5\u63a5\u53d7\u6765\u81ea\u53ef\u4fe1 IP \u5730\u5740\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u3002\u00a0\u8fd9\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7 IP \u767d\u540d\u5355\u5b9e\u73b0，\u8be5\u5b89\u5168\u529f\u80fd\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u9650\u5236\u5e76\u63a7\u5236\u4ec5\u5141\u8bb8\u53ef\u4fe1\u7528\u6237\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002IP \u767d\u540d\u5355\u5141\u8bb8\u60a8\u521b\u5efa\u53ef\u4fe1 IP \u5730\u5740\u6216 IP \u8303\u56f4\u5217\u8868，\u7528\u6237\u53ea\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5730\u5740\u8bbf\u95ee\u60a8\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4ee5\u4e0b\u793a\u4f8b\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u914d\u7f6e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4ec5\u63a5\u53d7\u7279\u5b9a IP \u5730\u5740\u7684\u8fde\u63a5：<\/span><\/p>\n

net:
\n bindIp: 192.0.2.1,203.0.113.1<\/p>\n

\u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u793a\u4f8b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d，\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u88ab\u914d\u7f6e\u4e3a\u4ec5\u63a5\u53d7\u6765\u81ea IP \u5730\u5740 192.0.2.1 \u548c 203.0.113.1 \u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u3002\u00a0\u6765\u81ea\u5176\u4ed6 IP \u5730\u5740\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u5c1d\u8bd5\u90fd\u5c06\u88ab\u62d2\u7edd\u3002\u00a0\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f，\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e7f\u6cdb\u9886\u57df，\u5176\u8303\u56f4\u8fdc\u8d85 gRPC \u6216 C++\u8303\u7574\u3002\u00a0\u5b83\u6d89\u53ca\u5305\u62ec\u5165\u4fb5\u68c0\u6d4b\u7cfb\u7edf(IDS)\u3001\u5165\u4fb5\u9632\u5fa1\u7cfb\u7edf(IPS)\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u7f51\u7edc\u67b6\u6784\u5728\u5185\u7684\u591a\u79cd\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e0e\u6280\u672f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4e3a Web \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6dfb\u52a0\u5b89\u5168\u9632\u62a4<\/span><\/h2>\n

\u4e3a Nginx \u7b49 Web \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6dfb\u52a0\u5b89\u5168\u9632\u62a4\u9700\u8981\u6267\u884c\u591a\u9879\u6b65\u9aa4，\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u901a\u4fe1\u5b89\u5168\u3001\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3001\u6388\u6743\u673a\u5236\u5b8c\u5584，\u5e76\u9632\u8303\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u653b\u51fb\u3002\u00a0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6307\u5357\u5c06\u5c55\u793a\u5982\u4f55\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u535a\u5ba2\u5e94\u7528\u914d\u7f6e\u5b89\u5168\u7684 Nginx \u73af\u5883：<\/span><\/p>\n

HTTPS \u914d\u7f6e<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5982\u524d\u6240\u8ff0，\u4f7f\u7528 SSL\/TLS \u914d\u7f6e HTTPS \u662f\u4fdd\u62a4 Web \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u9996\u8981\u6b65\u9aa4\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u00a0\u5b83\u80fd\u52a0\u5bc6\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4e0e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u6d41\u91cf\u3002\u00a0\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u5728\u5148\u524d\u7ae0\u8282\u4e2d\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u5177\u4f53\u914d\u7f6e\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

HTTP \u5b89\u5168\u5934\u90e8<\/span><\/p>\n

HTTP \u5b89\u5168\u5934\u90e8\u901a\u8fc7\u5e2e\u52a9\u7f13\u89e3\u653b\u51fb\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u6f0f\u6d1e，\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u989d\u5916\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u9632\u62a4\u5c42\u3002\u00a0\u4e00\u4e9b\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5934\u90e8\u5305\u62ec：<\/span><\/p>\n

\u25cf\u00a0X-Content-Type-Options：\u9632\u6b62\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u5bf9\u58f0\u660e\u7684 content-type \u8fdb\u884c MIME \u55c5\u63a2\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u25cf\u00a0X-Frame-Options：\u4fdd\u62a4\u8bbf\u5ba2\u514d\u53d7\u70b9\u51fb\u52ab\u6301\u653b\u51fb\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u25cf\u00a0X-XSS-Protection: \u8be5\u54cd\u5e94\u5934\u7528\u4e8e\u542f\u7528\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u7684\u8de8\u7ad9\u811a\u672c\u653b\u51fb(XSS)\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5668\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u54cd\u5e94\u5934\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230 Nginx \u914d\u7f6e\u4e2d，\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u4fee\u6539\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6（\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4e00\u822c\u4e3a\/etc\/nginx\/nginx.conf \u6216\/etc\/nginx\/sites-available\/default）：<\/span><\/p>\n

server {
\n …
\n add_header X-Content-Type-Options nosniff;
\n add_header X-Frame-Options SAMEORIGIN;
\n add_header X-XSS-Protection "1; mode=block";
\n …
\n}<\/p>\n

\u8bf7\u8bb0\u5f97\u91cd\u65b0\u52a0\u8f7d\u6216\u91cd\u542f Nginx \u4ee5\u4f7f\u66f4\u6539\u751f\u6548\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u901f\u7387\u9650\u5236<\/span><\/p>\n

\u901f\u7387\u9650\u5236\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u9650\u5236\u7f51\u7edc\u6d41\u91cf\u7684\u6280\u672f\u3002\u00a0\u5b83\u8bbe\u5b9a\u4e86\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u65f6\u95f4\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u53ef\u4ee5\u91cd\u590d\u7279\u5b9a\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u9891\u7387\u4e0a\u9650\u3002\u00a0\u5728 Nginx \u4e2d，\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 limit_req \u6a21\u5757\u6765\u8bbe\u7f6e\u901f\u7387\u9650\u5236\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\u7247\u6bb5：<\/span><\/p>\n

http {
\n …
\n limit_req_zone $binary_remote_addr zone=mylimit:10m rate=10r\/s;<\/p>\n

server {
\n …
\n location \/login {
\n limit_req zone=mylimit burst=20 nodelay;
\n …
\n }
\n }
\n}<\/p>\n

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\u603b\u7ed3<\/span><\/h2>\n

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