{"id":48157,"date":"2025-07-30T10:57:27","date_gmt":"2025-07-30T02:57:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/48157.html"},"modified":"2025-07-30T10:57:27","modified_gmt":"2025-07-30T02:57:27","slug":"ipv4%e6%9e%af%e7%ab%ad%e6%97%b6%e4%bb%a3%ef%bc%9a%e4%bb%8enat%e6%8a%80%e6%9c%af%e5%88%b0ipv6%e7%9a%84%e6%bc%94%e8%bf%9b%e4%b9%8b%e8%b7%af","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/48157.html","title":{"rendered":"IPv4\u67af\u7aed\u65f6\u4ee3\uff1a\u4eceNAT\u6280\u672f\u5230IPv6\u7684\u6f14\u8fdb\u4e4b\u8def"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n

\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\"<\/p>\n

\n\n🔍 \u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u8d44\u6e90\u5bfc\u822a 🔍<\/tr>\n\n\n\n
🏷\ufe0f\u00a0\u535a\u5ba2\u4e3b\u9875：\u00a0\u4e2a\u4eba\u4e3b\u9875<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
📚\u00a0\u4e13\u680f\u8ba2\u9605：\u00a0JavaEE\u5168\u6808\u4e13\u680f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
\n

IPv4<\/span><\/span>（Internet Protocol version 4）\u662f\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u6700\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u534f\u8bae\u4e4b\u4e00<\/span>，\u81ea 1981 \u5e74\u6b63\u5f0f\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u4ee5\u6765，\u652f\u6491\u4e86\u5168\u7403\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u8fd1 40 \u5e74\u7684\u53d1\u5c55，\u4f46\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5176\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u9650\u5236，\u6b63\u5728\u9010\u6b65\u9000\u51fa\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u821e\u53f0<\/span>\u3002<\/p>\n

IPv4<\/span><\/span> \u56e0\u4e3a\u4f7f\u7528 \u200b32 \u4f4d\u5730\u5740，\u56e0\u6b64\u5176\u7406\u8bba\u6700\u5927\u5730\u5740\u6570\u91cf\u4e3a：<\/p>\n

\"2^{32}=4,294,967,296（\u7ea6<\/p>\n

\u622a\u6b62\u76ee\u524d\u4e3a\u6b62，IPv4<\/span><\/span>\u5df2\u7ecf\u5168\u90e8\u4f7f\u7528\u6b86\u5c3d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u200b2011 \u5e74 2 \u6708\u200b \u200bIANA（\u56fd\u9645\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u53f7\u7801\u5206\u914d\u673a\u6784）\u200b\u200b \u5ba3\u5e03 IPv4 \u5730\u5740\u6c60\u8017\u5c3d，\u6700\u540e 5 \u4e2a \/8 \u5730\u5740\u5757\u5206\u914d\u7ed9\u5168\u7403 5 \u4e2a RIR（\u533a\u57df\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u6ce8\u518c\u673a\u6784）\u3002<\/p>\n

\u200b2011 \u5e74 4 \u6708\u200b \u200bAPNIC（\u4e9a\u592a\u5730\u533a）\u200b\u200b \u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8017\u5c3d IPv4 \u5730\u5740\u7684 RIR，\u4ec5\u4fdd\u7559\u5c11\u91cf\u5730\u5740\u7528\u4e8e\u8fc7\u6e21\u3002<\/p>\n

\u200b2012 \u5e74 9 \u6708\u200b \u200bRIPE NCC（\u6b27\u6d32）\u200b\u200b \u5ba3\u5e03 IPv4 \u5730\u5740\u8017\u5c3d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u200b2014 \u5e74 6 \u6708\u200b \u200bLACNIC（\u62c9\u4e01\u7f8e\u6d32）\u200b\u200b \u8017\u5c3d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u200b2015 \u5e74 9 \u6708\u200b \u200bARIN（\u5317\u7f8e）\u200b\u200b \u8017\u5c3d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u800c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898，\u73b0\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u4e3b\u6d41\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6cd5\u662fNAT\u6280\u672f<\/span>\u6216\u8005\u5347\u7ea7\u4e3aIPv6<\/span>\u3002<\/p>\n

NAT\u6280\u672f<\/h3>\n

NAT（Network Address Translation）\u662f\u4e00\u79cd \u200bIP \u5730\u5740\u8f6c\u6362\u6280\u672f<\/span>，\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u89e3\u51b3IPv4 \u5730\u5740\u77ed\u7f3a\u200b\u95ee\u9898，\u5e76\u63d0\u9ad8\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002\u5b83\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u529f\u80fd\u662f \u200b\u5c06\u79c1\u6709 IP \u5730\u5740\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u516c\u7f51 IP \u5730\u5740<\/span>，\u4f7f\u591a\u4e2a\u8bbe\u5907\u53ef\u4ee5\u5171\u4eab\u4e00\u4e2a\u516c\u7f51 IP \u8bbf\u95ee\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u3002<\/p>\n

NAT\u6280\u672f\u5c06IPv4\u5730\u5740\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206：<\/p>\n

\u79c1\u7f51IP：10.* && 172.16\u3002*-172.31.* && 192.168.*
\n\u516c\u7f51IP：\u9664\u4e86\u4e0a\u8ff0\u7684\u90fd\u662f <\/p>\n

\u516c\u7f51\u548c\u79c1\u7f51\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u505a\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b\u5173\u7cfb，\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c40\u57df\u7f51\u7684\u79c1\u7f51IP\u4f7f\u7528\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u516c\u7f51IP\u8fdb\u884c\u4e0a\u7f51，\u516c\u7f51\u7684IP\u662f\u552f\u4e00\u7684，\u800c\u79c1\u7f51\u7684IP\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5c40\u57df\u7f51\u4e2d\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u91cd\u590d\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u5bf9\u4e8e\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c40\u57df\u7f51\u7684\u79c1\u7f51IP\u4ed6\u662f\u52a8\u6001\u53d8\u5316\u7684，\u6bcf\u6b21\u4e0a\u7f51\u65f6\u90fd\u662f\u516c\u7f51\u968f\u673a\u5206\u914d\u7ed9\u4f60\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a7a\u95f2\u7684IP\u5730\u5740，\u5f53\u7136\u4f60\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u624b\u52a8\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6210\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u503c（\u5076\u5c14\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u5360\u7528）\u3002<\/p>\n

\u79c1\u7f51\u5728\u8bbf\u95ee\u7f51\u7edc\u65f6，\u4f1a\u5148\u901a\u8fc7\u516c\u7f51IP，\u7136\u540e\u4f7f\u7528\u516c\u7f51IP\u518d\u53bb\u8bbf\u95ee\u7f51\u7edc\u3002<\/p>\n

+——————-+ +———————+ +———————+
\n| \u79c1\u7f51\u8bbe\u5907 | | NAT \u8def\u7531\u5668 | | \u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u670d\u52a1\u5668 |
\n| (192.168.1.100) | —> | (\u516c\u7f51IP: 203.0.113.1)| —> | (8.8.8.8) |
\n| | <— | | <— | |
\n+——————-+ +———————+ +———————+ <\/p>\n

\u5728NAT\u8def\u7531\u5668\u4e2d，\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u79cd\u6620\u5c04\u5173\u7cfb，\u7528\u4e8e\u79c1\u7f51\u548c\u516c\u7f51\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8f6c\u6362，\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u79c1\u7f51\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u516c\u7f51IP\u65f6\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u8fdb\u884c\u533a\u5206\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u5728\u8fd4\u56de\u54cd\u5e94\u65f6\u4e5f\u662f\u5982\u6b64，\u6839\u636e\u6620\u5c04\u5173\u7cfb\u66ff\u6362\u6389IP\u5730\u5740\u4ee5\u53ca\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7，\u7136\u540e\u8f6c\u53d1\u7ed9\u79c1\u7f51\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

\u9664\u6b64\u4e4b\u5916，\u5728NAT\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\u7f51\u7edc\u901a\u4fe1\u8fd8\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u89c4\u5219：<\/span><\/p>\n

1.\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c40\u57df\u7f51\u4e0b，\u4e24\u4e2a\u8bbe\u5907\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e92\u76f8\u901a\u4fe1<\/span><\/p>\n

\u7531\u4e8e\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c40\u57df\u4e0b，\u79c1\u7f51IP\u5730\u5740\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u91cd\u590d\u7684\u60c5\u51b5，\u5e76\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6d89\u53caNAT\u3002<\/p>\n

2.\u516c\u7f51\u8bbe\u5907A\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbf\u95ee\u516c\u7f51\u8bbe\u5907B<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u516c\u7f51\u4e5f\u4e0d\u6d89\u53caIP\u5730\u5740\u51b2\u7a81\u3002<\/p>\n

3.\u4e0d\u540c\u5c40\u57df\u7f51\u4e0b\u7684\u8bbe\u5907A\u548c\u8bbe\u5907B\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u4e92\u76f8\u8bbf\u95ee<\/span><\/p>\n

NAT\u673a\u5236\u7981\u6b62\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u65b9\u5f0f，\u8fd9\u4e5f\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168\u3002<\/p>\n

4.\u516c\u7f51\u8bbe\u5907A\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u8bbf\u95ee\u79c1\u7f51\u8bbe\u5907B<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u7edd\u5bf9\u7684，\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528\u5185\u7f51\u7a7f\u900f\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u8fdb\u884c\u8f6c\u53d1\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

IPv6<\/h3>\n

IPv6（Internet Protocol version 6）\u662f IPv4 \u7684\u5347\u7ea7\u7248\u672c，\u65e8\u5728\u89e3\u51b3 IPv4 \u5730\u5740\u67af\u7aed\u95ee\u9898，\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u66f4\u9ad8\u6548\u3001\u66f4\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u901a\u4fe1\u3002<\/p>\n

IPv6\u662f128\u4f4d\u7684\u5730\u5740，\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b58\u50a82^128\u4f4d\u5730\u5740（\u7ea6 \u200b340 \u4e07\u4ebf\u4ebf\u4ebf\u4ebf），\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6570\u91cf\u5373\u4f7f\u7ed9\u5730\u7403\u4e0a\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u7c92\u6c99\u5b50\u90fd\u5206\u914d\u4e00\u4e2a\u5730\u5740\u90fd\u591f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

IPv4\u548cIPv6\u90fd\u662f\u7f51\u7edc\u5c42\u7684\u534f\u8bae，\u4f46\u662f\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u683c\u5f0f\u4e0d\u540c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\u5bf9\u6bd4\u9879\u200b\u200bIPv4\u200b\u200bIPv6\u200b<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u200b\u5730\u5740\u957f\u5ea6\u200b<\/td>\n32 \u4f4d（4 \u5b57\u8282）<\/td>\n128 \u4f4d（16 \u5b57\u8282）<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u200b\u5730\u5740\u8868\u793a\u200b<\/td>\n192.168.1.1<\/td>\n2001:0db8:85a3::8a2e:0370:7334<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u200b\u6e90\/\u76ee\u6807 IP \u5b57\u6bb5\u200b<\/td>\n\u5404 32 \u4f4d<\/td>\n\u5404 128 \u4f4d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u200b\u5934\u90e8\u5927\u5c0f\u200b<\/td>\n20-60 \u5b57\u8282（\u53ef\u53d8）<\/td>\n40 \u5b57\u8282（\u56fa\u5b9a）<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u00a0IPv6\u6570\u636e\u5305\u683c\u5f0f（\u90e8\u5206）<\/p>\n

+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
\n| \u7248\u672c (6) | \u6d41\u91cf\u7c7b\u522b | \u6d41\u6807\u7b7e |
\n+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
\n| \u8f7d\u8377\u957f\u5ea6 | \u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5934\u90e8 | \u8df3\u6570\u9650\u5236 |
\n+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
\n| \u6e90 IP (128 \u4f4d) |
\n+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
\n| \u76ee\u6807 IP (128 \u4f4d) |
\n+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ <\/p>\n

IPv6 \u4ecd\u7136\u4f7f\u7528 IP \u534f\u8bae\u200b（\u53ea\u662f\u7248\u672c\u4e0d\u540c），\u4f46 IPv6 \u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u9700\u8981 NAT，\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u7684\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\u8db3\u591f\u5927（2^128\u00a0\u4e2a\u5730\u5740），\u6bcf\u53f0\u8bbe\u5907\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u5168\u7403\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u516c\u7f51 IP\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

\u00a0IPv4\u548cIPv6\u4e24\u79cd\u534f\u8bae\u5e76\u4e0d\u517c\u5bb9，\u56e0\u6b64IPv6\u7684\u666e\u53ca\u4f9d\u65e7\u9700\u8981\u65f6\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n

    \n
  • \u200b\u622a\u81f3 2023 \u5e74\u200b：\u5168\u7403 IPv6 \u91c7\u7528\u7387\u7ea6 \u200b40%\u200b\u200b（\u4e2d\u56fd\u3001\u5370\u5ea6\u8d85 50%，\u7f8e\u56fd\u4ec5 30%）\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u65e7\u786c\u4ef6\/\u8f6f\u4ef6\u53ef\u80fd\u5e76\u4e0d\u652f\u6301 IPv6\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

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